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Shi M, Han H, Yang L, Wang Z, Chen K. Development and validation of a dried blood spots assay for metabolic profiling of ginsenosides using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 329:118136. [PMID: 38583731 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer., a famous and valuable traditional Chinese medicine with thousand years of history for its healthcare and therapeutic effects. It is necessary and meaningful to study the pharmacokinetic behavior of ginsenosides in vivo as they are the most active components. Dried blood spots (DBS) are a mature and advanced blood collection method with meet the needs for the measurement of numerous analytes. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to explore the feasibility on DBS in the metabolic profile analysis of complex herbal products. MATERIALS AND METHODS An ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) method was developed and validated for the determination of ginsenosides. The preparation of DBS samples was conducted by spiking the whole blood with analytes to obtain 20 μL of blood spots on Whatman 903 collection card. A punched dish of 10 mm in diameter was extracted with 70 % methanol aqueous solution, digoxin was used as an internal standard. Target compounds were separated on a Waters T3 column (2.1 × 100 mm, 1.8 μm) with acetonitrile and water (0.1 % formic acid) at a flow rate of 0.4 mL/min. RESULTS The various ginsenosides showed good linearity in the range of 1-2000 ng/mL. The extraction recoveries and matrix effects of the target analytes were above 82.2%. The intra- and inter-batch accuracy and precision were within the limits of ≤15% for all tested concentrations. Moreover, the collected dried blood spot samples could be stably stored at room temperature for 14 days and 4 °C for 1 month without being affected. And it is delightful that the DBS-based analysis is compatible or even superior to the conventional protein precipitation in terms of sensitivity, linearity, and stability. In particular, the target analytes are stable in the DBS sampling under normal storing condition and the sensitivity for some trace metabolites of ginsenosides, such as 20(S)-Rg3, 20(R)-Rg3, F1, Rk1, Rg5, etc. increases 3-4 folds as evaluated by LLOQ. CONCLUSIONS The established method was successfully applied to pharmacokinetic studies of ginseng extract in mice, this suggests a more feasible strategy for pharmacokinetic study of traditional and natural medicines both in animal tests and clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengge Shi
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, SATCM Key Laboratory of New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Han Han
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Li Yang
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, SATCM Key Laboratory of New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China; Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Zhengtao Wang
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, SATCM Key Laboratory of New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China; Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Kaixian Chen
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, SATCM Key Laboratory of New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
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Wang H, Tang L, Hu S, Kong X, Ouyang Y, Zhang D, Zhang Y, Tang S, Wu H, Yang H. Chemical profiling of Shengmai injection, tissue distribution and pharmacokinetic characteristics of ginsenosides after intravenous dosing Shengmai injection in rats with cerebral ischemia. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 319:117119. [PMID: 37659763 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/04/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Shengmai injection (SMI), consisting of Panax ginseng, Fructus schisandrae, and Radix ophiopogonis, has been widely used in the treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to uncover the chemical profile of SMI, tissue distribution and pharmacokinetic characteristics of the main compounds after administration by combing UPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap-MS and UPLC-QQQ-MS. MATERIALS AND METHODS UPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap-MS method was firstly established for the chemical profiling analysis of SMI. Then UPLC-QQQ-MS method was used to quantitatively analyze the contents of the main identified compounds in SMI and in the different tissues after intravenous dosing SMI in rats with cerebral ischemia. Finally, a new method was developed for the pharmacokinetic study of ginsenosides with considerable exposure. RESULTS A total of 59 compounds were identified in SMI, including 25 ginsenosides, 25 lignans, four ophiopogon saponins, and five flavonoids. Among them, 26 compounds were confirmed by the standard substance. By UPLC-QQQ-MS, 23 chemical compounds were then quantitatively identified with their contents in SMI. Ginsenosides, as the main active compounds from Panax ginseng, showed the highest contents in SMI. Fifteen compounds including ginsenosides and Schisandrol were further found to have considerable exposure in different tissues. A rapid, sensitive, and specified method was then developed for simultaneously detecting the seven ginsenosides in the plasma and had good method validation. Pharmacokinetic evaluation showed that PPD type ginsenosides (Rd, Rb1, Rc) were all exhibited at higher levels of exposure in the plasma and had a much slower elimination rate, whereas PPT type ginsenosides (Re, Rg1, Rf, Rg2) underwent fast elimination. CONCLUSION This study systematically revealed the ingredients of SMI and their tissue distribution. The pharmacokinetic characteristics of ginsenosides were also discovered. The findings provide a helpful reference for the pharmacological, toxicological, and clinical research on SMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanhuan Wang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China; Tianjin Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital (Nankai Hospital), Tianjin, 300100, China
| | - Liying Tang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Shaowei Hu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Xixian Kong
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Yi Ouyang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Dong Zhang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Shihuan Tang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Hongwei Wu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China.
| | - Hongjun Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Basic Research on Prevention and Treatment for Major Diseases, Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China.
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Li H, Wang YG, Chen TF, Gao YH, Song L, Yang YF, Gao Y, Huo W, Zhang GP. Panax notoginseng saponin alleviates pulmonary fibrosis in rats by modulating the renin-angiotensin system. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 318:116979. [PMID: 37532070 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is a chronic, progressive, and often fatal interstitial lung disease. Traditional Chinese medicine formulations and their active ingredients have shown potential in the treatment of PF. Panax notoginseng saponin (PNS) is extracted from the widely used traditional Chinese medicinal herb Panax notoginseng (Burkill) F. H. Chen, exhibiting therapeutic effects in pulmonary diseases treatment. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to investigate the effects and elucidate possible potential mechanisms of PNS on bleomycin (BLM)-induced PF in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS PF was induced in rats by intratracheal administration of bleomycin (BLM, 5 mg/kg). After disease model induction, the rats were treated with PNS (50, 100, or 200 mg/kg per day) or pirfenidone (PFD, 50 mg/kg per day) for 28 days. Lung function, histopathological changes, collagen deposition, and E- and N-cadherin levels in lung tissue were evaluated. The mechanism of action of PNS was investigated using tandem mass tag-based quantitative proteomics analysis. Immunohistochemistry, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and Western blot analysis were performed to verify the proteomic results. RESULTS PNS treatment improved lung function, ameliorated the BLM-induced increase in the lung coefficient, attenuated the degree of alveolar inflammation and fibrosis, and reduced the elevated collagen level in PF rats. PNS treatment also down-regulated the expression of N-cadherin while up-regulating the expression of E-cadherin. Proteomic and bioinformatic analyses revealed that the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) was closely related to the therapeutic effect of PNS. Immunohistochemistry, Western blot, and ELISA results indicated that PNS exerted its anti-fibrotic effect via regulation of the balance between the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)-angiotensin (Ang)II-AngII receptor type 1 (AT1R) and ACE2-Ang(1-7)-MasR axes. CONCLUSIONS PNS ameliorates BLM-induced PF in rats by modulating the RAS homeostasis, and is a new potential therapeutic agent for PF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Li
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100007, China.
| | - Yu-Guang Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China.
| | - Teng-Fei Chen
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100007, China.
| | - Yun-Hang Gao
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100007, China.
| | - Ling Song
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100007, China.
| | - Yi-Fei Yang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100007, China.
| | - Yue Gao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China.
| | - Wang Huo
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Sixth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100048, China.
| | - Guang-Ping Zhang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100007, China.
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Dong J, Yin Z, Su L, Yu M, Wang M, Li L, Mao C, Lu T. Comparative pharmacokinetic analysis of raw and steamed Panax notoginseng roots in rats by UPLC-MS/MS for simultaneously quantifying seven saponins. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2021; 59:653-661. [PMID: 34062093 PMCID: PMC8172216 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2021.1928239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT After being steamed, the restorative effects of Panax notoginseng (Burk.) F. H. Chen (Araliaceae) will be strengthened. However, the underlying mechanism remains elusive. OBJECTIVE To compare the pharmacokinetics of ginsenosides Rg1, Rb1, Rd, Re, Rg5, Rk1, notoginsenoside R1 (GRg1, GRb1, GRd, GRe, GRg5, GRk1 and NGR1) in the raw and steam-processed P. notoginseng (RPN and SPN). MATERIALS AND METHODS The pharmacokinetics of seven components after oral administration of SPN and RPN extracts (1.0 g/kg) were investigated, respectively, in SD rats (two groups, n = 6) using UPLC-MS/MS. RESULTS The approach elicited good linear regression (r2 > 0.991). The accuracy, precision and stability were all within ± 15%. The extraction recoveries and matrix effects were 75.0-100.8% and 85.1-110.3%, respectively. Compared with the RPN group, AUC0-t of GRg1 (176.63 ± 42.49 ng/h/mL), GRb1 (5094.06 ± 1453.14 ng/h/mL), GRd (1396.89 ± 595.14 ng/h/mL), and NGR1 (135.95 ± 54.32 ng/h/mL), along with Cmax of GRg1 (17.41 ± 5.43 ng/mL), GRb1 (361.48 ± 165.57 ng/mL), GRd (62.47 ± 33.65 ng/mL) and NGR1 (23.97 ± 16.77 ng/mL) decreased remarkably with oral administration of the SPN extracts, while GRe showed no significantly difference. Of note, GRg5 and GRk1 could not be detected in the plasma. CONCLUSIONS Influence of the processing reduced the systemic exposure levels to GRg1, GRb1, GRd and NGR1. It is the first report of comparative pharmacokinetic study of multiple saponins analysis after oral administration of RPN and SPN extract, which might be helpful for further studies on its steam-processing mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajia Dong
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, PR China
- Key Research Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Processing of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, PR China
- CONTACT Jiajia Dong ;;
| | - Zhenzhen Yin
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, PR China
- Key Research Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Processing of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Lianlin Su
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, PR China
- Key Research Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Processing of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Mengting Yu
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, PR China
- Key Research Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Processing of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Meng Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, PR China
- Key Research Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Processing of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Lin Li
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, PR China
- Key Research Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Processing of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Chunqin Mao
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, PR China
- Key Research Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Processing of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Tulin Lu
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, PR China
- Key Research Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Processing of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, PR China
- Tulin Lu College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing210023, PR China
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5
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Zhao YL, Zhang SQ, Lu WX, Shen SZ, Wei L. Preparation of Panax notoginseng flower saponins enteric-coated sustained-release pellets and its pharmacokinetics and in vitro-in vivo correlation. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2021.102321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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6
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Effect of Micronization on Panax notoginseng: In Vitro Dissolution and In Vivo Bioavailability Evaluations. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:8831583. [PMID: 33531921 PMCID: PMC7837785 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8831583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Panax notoginseng (PN) has become the most widely used dietary supplement and herbal in Asian countries. The effect of micronization on PN is not entirely clear. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of particle size of Panax notoginseng powder (PNP) and the potential to improve the bioavailability. The results showed that particle size reduction significantly changed the Panax notoginseng saponins (PNS) in vitro dissolution and in vivo pharmacokinetics. The size of the Panax notoginseng powder (PNP) ranges from 60 to 214 μm. The surface morphology and thermal properties of PNP were extensively characterized, and these changes in physicochemical properties of PNP provide a better understanding of the in vitro and in vivo release behaviors of PNS. The in vitro studies demonstrated that the dissolution of PNS and particle size were nonlinear (dose- and size-dependent). The pharmacokinetics parameters of PNP in rats were determined by UHPLC-MS/MS. Powder 4 (90.38 ± 8.28 μm) showed significantly higher AUC0-T values in plasma (P < 0.05). In addition, we also investigated the influence of the hydrothermal treatment of PNP. The results showed that the PNS in vitro release and in vivo bioavailability of PNP pretreatment at 40°C were the highest. This suggests that PNP with a particle size of around 90 μm and heat pretreatment at 40°C would be beneficial. These results provided an experimental basis, and it was beneficial to choose an appropriate particle size and hydrothermal temperature when PNP was used in clinical treatment.
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Liu H, Yang J, Yang W, Hu S, Wu Y, Zhao B, Hu H, Du S. Focus on Notoginsenoside R1 in Metabolism and Prevention Against Human Diseases. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2020; 14:551-565. [PMID: 32103897 PMCID: PMC7012233 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s240511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Notoginsenoside (NG)-R1 is one of the main bioactive compounds from Panax notoginseng (PN) root, which is well known in the prescription for mediating the micro-circulatory hemostasis in human. In this article, we mainly discuss NG-R1 in metabolism and the biological activities, including cardiovascular protection, neuro-protection, anti-diabetes, liver protection, gastrointestinal protection, lung protection, bone metabolism regulation, renal protection, and anti-cancer. The metabolites produced by deglycosylation of NG-R1 exhibit higher permeability and bioavailability. It has been extensively verified that NG-R1 may ameliorate ischemia-reperfusion (IR)-induced injury in cardiovascular and neuronal systems mainly by upregulating the activity of estrogen receptor α-dependent phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT) and nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (NRF2) pathways and downregulating nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways. However, no specific targets for NG-R1 have been identified. Expectedly, NG-R1 has been used as a main bioactive compound in many Traditional Chinese Medicines clinically, such as Xuesaitong, Naodesheng, XueShuanTong, ShenMai, and QSYQ. These suggest that NG-R1 exhibits a significant potency in drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Liu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,College of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianqiong Yang
- Department of Clinical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Wanqing Yang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaonan Hu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yali Wu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Zhao
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiyan Hu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Shouying Du
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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8
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Yang Y, Ju Z, Yang Y, Zhang Y, Yang L, Wang Z. Phytochemical analysis of Panax species: a review. J Ginseng Res 2020; 45:1-21. [PMID: 33437152 PMCID: PMC7790905 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgr.2019.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Revised: 12/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Panax species have gained numerous attentions because of their various biological effects on cardiovascular, kidney, reproductive diseases known for a long time. Recently, advanced analytical methods including thin layer chromatography, high-performance thin layer chromatography, gas chromatography, high-performance liquid chromatography, ultra-high performance liquid chromatography with tandem ultraviolet, diode array detector, evaporative light scattering detector, and mass detector, two-dimensional high-performance liquid chromatography, high speed counter-current chromatography, high speed centrifugal partition chromatography, micellar electrokinetic chromatography, high-performance anion-exchange chromatography, ambient ionization mass spectrometry, molecularly imprinted polymer, enzyme immunoassay, 1H-NMR, and infrared spectroscopy have been used to identify and evaluate chemical constituents in Panax species. Moreover, Soxhlet extraction, heat reflux extraction, ultrasonic extraction, solid phase extraction, microwave-assisted extraction, pressurized liquid extraction, enzyme-assisted extraction, acceleration solvent extraction, matrix solid phase dispersion extraction, and pulsed electric field are discussed. In this review, a total of 219 articles published from 1980 to 2018 are investigated. Panax species including P. notoginseng, P. quinquefolius, sand P. ginseng in the raw and processed forms from different parts, geographical origins, and growing times are studied. Furthermore, the potential biomarkers are screened through the previous articles. It is expected that the review can provide a fundamental for further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuangui Yang
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and the SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Zhengcai Ju
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and the SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Yingbo Yang
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and the SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Yanhai Zhang
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and the SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Li Yang
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and the SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China.,Shanghai R&D Center for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, China
| | - Zhengtao Wang
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and the SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China.,Shanghai R&D Center for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, China
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9
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Zhang S, Ju Z, Guan H, Yu L, Wang Z, Zhao Y. Dose-dependent exposure profile and metabolic characterization of notoginsenoside R 1 in rat plasma by ultra-fast liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry. Biomed Chromatogr 2019; 33:e4670. [PMID: 31368122 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.4670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Notoginsenoside R1 (NGR1 ), a diagnostic protopanaxatriol-type (ppt-type) saponin in Panax notoginseng, possesses potent biological activities including antithrombotic, anti-inflammatory, neuron protection and improvement of microcirculation, yet its pharmacokinetics and metabolic characterization as an individual compound remain unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the exposure profile of NGR1 in rats after oral and intravenous administration and to explore the metabolic characterization of NGR1 . A simple and sensitive ultra-fast liquid chromatographic-tandem mass spectrometric method was developed and validated for the quantitative determination of NGR1 and its major metabolites, and for characterization of its metabolic profile in rat plasma. The blood samples were precipitated with methanol, quantified in a negative multiple reaction monitoring mode and analyzed within 6.0 min. Validation parameters (linearity, precision and accuracy, recovery and matrix effect, stability) were within acceptable ranges. After oral administration, NGR1 exhibited dose-independent exposure behaviors with t1/2 over 8.0 h and oral bioavailability of 0.25-0.29%. A total of seven metabolites were characterized, including two pairs of epimers, 20(R)-notoginsenoside R2 /20(S)-notoginsenoside R2 and 20(R)-ginsenoside Rh1 /20(S)-ginsenoside Rh1 , with the 20(R) form of saponins identified for the first time in rat plasma. Five deglycometabolites were quantitatively determined, among which 20(S)-notoginsenoside R2 , ginsenoside Rg1 , ginsenoside F1 and protopanaxatriol displayed relatively high exploration, which may partly explain the pharmacodynamic diversity of ginsenosides after oral dose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sainan Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China.,The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhengcai Ju
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Huida Guan
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai R&D Centre for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai, China
| | - Lu Yu
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China.,The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhengtao Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China.,The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai R&D Centre for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuqing Zhao
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery of Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
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Chen W, Zheng Y, Yan L, Yuan M, Ouyang L, Li J, Zhou G, Zhong R. Validated UHPLC–MS/MS method for simultaneous determination of four triterpene saponins from
Akebia trifoliata
extract in rat plasma and its application to a pharmacokinetic study. Biomed Chromatogr 2019; 33:e4585. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.4585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Revised: 04/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Weikang Chen
- Jiangxi Institute for Drug Control/Jiangxi Engineering Research Center for Drug and Medical Device Quality Nanchang China
| | - Yangbin Zheng
- Jiangxi Institute for Drug Control/Jiangxi Engineering Research Center for Drug and Medical Device Quality Nanchang China
| | - Liang Yan
- Jiangxi Institute for Drug Control/Jiangxi Engineering Research Center for Drug and Medical Device Quality Nanchang China
| | - Mingming Yuan
- Jiangxi Institute for Drug Control/Jiangxi Engineering Research Center for Drug and Medical Device Quality Nanchang China
| | - Lan Ouyang
- School of PharmacyNanchang University Nanchang China
| | - Jun Li
- Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Nanchang China
| | - Guoping Zhou
- Jiangxi Institute for Drug Control/Jiangxi Engineering Research Center for Drug and Medical Device Quality Nanchang China
- School of PharmacyNanchang University Nanchang China
| | - Ruijian Zhong
- Jiangxi Institute for Drug Control/Jiangxi Engineering Research Center for Drug and Medical Device Quality Nanchang China
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11
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Zhi H, Deng Y, Yan B, Li Z, Han S, Zhang Y, Hou J, Wu W, Guo D. Study on the herb-herb interaction of Danqi Tongmai Tablet based on the pharmacokinetics of twelve notoginsenoides in acute myocardial ischemia and sham rats. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2019; 166:52-65. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2018.12.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Revised: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 12/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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12
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Chen H, Shen J, Li H, Zheng X, Kang D, Xu Y, Chen C, Guo H, Xie L, Wang G, Liang Y. Ginsenoside Rb1 exerts neuroprotective effects through regulation of Lactobacillus helveticus abundance and GABA A receptor expression. J Ginseng Res 2018; 44:86-95. [PMID: 32095096 PMCID: PMC7033341 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgr.2018.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Revised: 06/02/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Ginsenoside Rb1 (Rb1), one of the most abundant protopanaxadiol-type ginsenosides, exerts excellent neuroprotective effects even though it has low intracephalic exposure. Purpose The present study aimed to elucidate the apparent contradiction between the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of Rb1 by studying the mechanisms underlying neuroprotective effects of Rb1 based on regulation of microflora. Methods A pseudo germ-free (PGF) rat model was established, and neuroprotective effects of Rb1 were compared between conventional and PGF rats. The relative abundances of common probiotics were quantified to reveal the authentic probiotics that dominate in the neuroprotection of Rb1. The expressions of the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptors, including GABAA receptors (α2, β2, and γ2) and GABAB receptors (1b and 2), in the normal, ischemia/reperfusion (I/R), and I/R+Rb1 rat hippocampus and striatum were assessed to reveal the neuroprotective mechanism of Rb1. Results The results showed that microbiota plays a key role in neuroprotection of Rb1. The relative abundance of Lactobacillus helveticus (Lac.H) increased 15.26 fold after pretreatment with Rb1. I/R surgery induced effects on infarct size, neurological deficit score, and proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α) were prevented by colonizing the rat gastrointestinal tract with Lac.H (1 × 109 CFU) by gavage 15 d before I/R surgery. Both Rb1 and Lac.H upregulated expression of GABA receptors in I/R rats. Coadministration of a GABAA receptor antagonist significantly attenuated neuroprotective effects of Rb1 and Lac.H. Conclusion In sum, Rb1 exerts neuroprotective effects by regulating Lac.H and GABA receptors rather than through direct distribution to the target sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Chen
- Key Lab of Drug Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiajia Shen
- Key Lab of Drug Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Haofeng Li
- Key Lab of Drug Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiao Zheng
- Key Lab of Drug Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Dian Kang
- Key Lab of Drug Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yangfan Xu
- Key Lab of Drug Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chong Chen
- Key Lab of Drug Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Huimin Guo
- Key Lab of Drug Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lin Xie
- Key Lab of Drug Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guangji Wang
- Key Lab of Drug Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yan Liang
- Key Lab of Drug Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
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13
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Yang B, Li H, Ruan Q, Tong Y, Liu Z, Xuan S, Jin J, Zhao Z. Rapid profiling and pharmacokinetic studies of multiple potential bioactive triterpenoids in rat plasma using UPLC/Q-TOF-MS/MS after oral administration of Ilicis Rotundae Cortex extract. Fitoterapia 2018; 129:210-219. [PMID: 29981874 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2018.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Revised: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Triterpenoids, the major bioactive ingredients of Ilicis Rotundae Cortex, contributes a significant cardiovascular protection activity. Although many studies about the total saponins have been reported, the absorption triterpenoids and pharmacokinetic behaviors were unclear. Thus, the present study aims to comprehensive elucidate the absorption triterpenoids and their pharmacokinetics in rats after oral administration the crude extract using UPLC/Q-TOF-MS/MS. A total of forty-two triterpenoids were successfully characterized from the rat plasma, and thirty-two of them were validated by the reference substances, while the others were tentatively identified based on the mass spectral fragmental patterns. Furthermore, the plasma concentrations of six absorption bioactive triterpenoids (rotundinoside C, ilexoside O, pedunculoside, rotundic acid, rotundanonic acid and ilexgenin A) were simultaneously quantified by selected reaction monitoring in negative ionization mode. All analytes exhibited good linearity with correlation coefficients values greater than 0.99 and the LLOQ ranged from 1.2 to 3.2 ng/mL, and method validation for selectivity, precision, accuracy, recovery, matrix effect and stability were reckoned acceptable. The results were successfully applied for the multiple-component pharmacokinetic study of the six bioactive triterpenoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bao Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Hui Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Qingfeng Ruan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yi Tong
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhongqiu Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Shenxin Xuan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jing Jin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhongxiang Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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14
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Zhu D, Zhou Q, Li H, Li S, Dong Z, Li D, Zhang W. Pharmacokinetic Characteristics of Steamed Notoginseng by an Efficient LC-MS/MS Method for Simultaneously Quantifying Twenty-three Triterpenoids. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:8187-8198. [PMID: 29989810 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b03169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Steamed Panax notoginseng (SNG) has been widely used as a restorative medicine instead of the raw one, but its pharmacokinetic profile is entirely unknown. To address this, we've developed an LC-MS/MS method with high efficiency and sensitivity for simultaneous quantification of 23 triterpenoids (notoginsenosides Fa, Fc, R1, 20( S)-R2, 20( R)-R2, ginsenosides F4, Rb1, Rg1, Rd, Re, Rb2, 20( S)-Rh1, 20( R)-Rh1, Rh4, R k1, R k3, 20( S)-Rg2, 20( S)-Rg3, 20( R)-Rg3, Rg5, C-K, 20( S)-PPT, 20( S)-PPD) from SNG in rat plasma. This validated approach exhibits great linearity, precision, accuracy, recovery, and stability for all analytes. Furthermore, we, for the first time, applied this method to the pharmacokinetic study of SNG and proposed Rb1, Fa, Rd, R k1, Rg5, R k3, Rh4, and 20( S)-PPD to be suitable pharmacokinetic markers of SNG due to their high exposure levels of systemic plasma. Hence, this developed approach would be a powerful tool for future in vivo investigation of various sources of notoginseng-related samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dina Zhu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Protection and Utilization, Faculty of Geographical Science , Beijing Normal University , Beijing 100875 , China
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals (Beijing Normal University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry , Beijing Normal University , Beijing 100875 , China
- Engineering Research Center of Natural Medicine, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Geographical Science , Beijing Normal University , Beijing 100875 , China
| | - Qile Zhou
- Beijing Institute of Nutritional Resources , Beijing Academy of Science and Technology , Beijing 100069 , China
| | - Hong Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Protection and Utilization, Faculty of Geographical Science , Beijing Normal University , Beijing 100875 , China
- Engineering Research Center of Natural Medicine, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Geographical Science , Beijing Normal University , Beijing 100875 , China
| | - Shiming Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Economic Forest Germplasm Improvement and Resources , Huanggang Normal University , Huanggang , Hubei 438000 , China
| | - Zhaoqi Dong
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Protection and Utilization, Faculty of Geographical Science , Beijing Normal University , Beijing 100875 , China
| | - Dong Li
- Beijing Institute of Nutritional Resources , Beijing Academy of Science and Technology , Beijing 100069 , China
| | - Wensheng Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Protection and Utilization, Faculty of Geographical Science , Beijing Normal University , Beijing 100875 , China
- Engineering Research Center of Natural Medicine, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Geographical Science , Beijing Normal University , Beijing 100875 , China
- National and Local United Engineering Research Center for Panax Notoginseng Resources Protection and Utilization Technology , Kunming 650000 , China
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15
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Zhou QL, Zhu DN, Yang XW, Xu W, Wang YP. Development and validation of a UFLC-MS/MS method for simultaneous quantification of sixty-six saponins and their six aglycones: Application to comparative analysis of red ginseng and white ginseng. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2018; 159:153-165. [PMID: 29990881 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2018.06.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2018] [Revised: 05/26/2018] [Accepted: 06/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A new and sensitive ultra fast liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry (UFLC-MS/MS) method was developed to evaluate the quality of Red ginseng (RG) and to find out its chemical markers by comparing with multi-batches of RG and white ginseng (WG). This innovative method could quantify sixty-six saponins and their six aglycones including 10 pairs of 20(S) and 20(R) epimers within 35 min simultaneously. All compounds could be determined in individual multiple-reaction monitoring channel without interference, and the optimized method was rapid, accurate, precise, reproducible and efficient. Using the orthogonal partial least squared discriminant analysis, ginsenosides Rg5, Rh4, Rk1, Rs4, F4, and 20(S)-Rg3 were found to be the characteristic components of RG, the six compounds should be suggested as quality control markers to distinguish RG from WG. These findings will be significant for standardizing the processing procedures of RG and ensuring the consistent quality, as well as consequently the efficacy of RG in clinical applications. Results will be helpful in providing crucial chemical profiles of RG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi-Le Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs and Department of Natural Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China; Beijing Institute of Nutritional Resources, Beijing Academy of Science and Technology, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Di-Na Zhu
- Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Protection and Utilization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100088, China; College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Xiu-Wei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs and Department of Natural Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Wei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs and Department of Natural Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Ying-Ping Wang
- Institute of Special Wild Economic Animals and Plants Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, 130112, China
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16
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Ju Z, Li J, Han H, Yang L, Wang Z. Analysis of bioactive components and multi-component pharmacokinetics of saponins from the leaves of Panax notoginseng
in rat plasma after oral administration by LC-MS/MS. J Sep Sci 2018; 41:1512-1523. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201701042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2017] [Revised: 11/12/2017] [Accepted: 12/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhengcai Ju
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines; Institute of Chinese Materia Medica; Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Shanghai China
| | - Jia Li
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines; Institute of Chinese Materia Medica; Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Shanghai China
| | - Han Han
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines; Institute of Chinese Materia Medica; Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Shanghai China
| | - Li Yang
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines; Institute of Chinese Materia Medica; Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Shanghai China
| | - Zhengtao Wang
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines; Institute of Chinese Materia Medica; Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Shanghai China
- Shanghai R&D Centre for Standardization of Chinese Medicines; Shanghai China
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17
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Shi P, Lin X, Yao H. A comprehensive review of recent studies on pharmacokinetics of traditional Chinese medicines (2014–2017) and perspectives. Drug Metab Rev 2017; 50:161-192. [DOI: 10.1080/03602532.2017.1417424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peiying Shi
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resource and Bee Products, Bee Science College, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xinhua Lin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Hong Yao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
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18
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Li H, Xiao J, Li X, Chen H, Kang D, Shao Y, Shen B, Zhu Z, Yin X, Xie L, Wang G, Liang Y. Low Cerebral Exposure Cannot Hinder the Neuroprotective Effects of Panax Notoginsenosides. Drug Metab Dispos 2017; 46:53-65. [DOI: 10.1124/dmd.117.078436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 10/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
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19
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Zhou QL, Zhu DN, Yang YF, Xu W, Yang XW. Simultaneous quantification of twenty-one ginsenosides and their three aglycones in rat plasma by a developed UFLC–MS/MS assay: Application to a pharmacokinetic study of red ginseng. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2017; 137:1-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2017.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2016] [Revised: 12/30/2016] [Accepted: 01/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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20
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Wu T, Sun J, Kagota S, Maruyama K, Wakuda H, Shinozuka K. Panax notoginseng saponins ameliorate impaired arterial vasodilation in SHRSP.Z-Lepr(fa) /lzmDmcr rats with metabolic syndrome. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2016; 43:459-67. [PMID: 26784885 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.12547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2015] [Revised: 01/08/2016] [Accepted: 01/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Panax notoginseng saponins (PNS) are major components of Panax notoginseng, a herb with established clinical efficacy against vascular diseases. SHRSP.Z-Lepr(fa) /IzmDmcr (SHRSP.ZF) rats, a new animal model for metabolic syndrome, display an impaired vasorelaxation response in aortas and mesenteric arteries that is mediated by nitric oxide (NO). This study investigated whether PNS and its components can ameliorate this vascular dysfunction in SHRSP.ZF rats. In an in vitro study, in the presence or absence of PNS and its components, vasodilation in response to nitroprusside was determined from myographs under isometric tension conditions in aortas and mesenteric arteries from male SHRSP.ZF rats at 18-20 weeks of age. In an in vivo study, PNS (30 mg/kg per day) was orally administered to SHRSP.ZF rats from 8 to 20 weeks of age. In vitro treatment with PNS and Ginsenoside Rb1 increased nitroprusside-induced relaxation of aortas and mesenteric arteries in SHRSP.ZF rats. The PNS-induced increase was not affected by a nitric oxide (NO) synthase inhibitor or endothelium denudation. Relaxation in response to a cell-permeable cGMP analogue was increased by PNS, but cGMP accumulation by nitroprusside was not altered. In vivo treatment with PNS in SHRSP.ZF rats lowered blood pressure and increased relaxation and the expression of soluble guanylyl cyclase protein in arteries, without affecting metabolic abnormalities. These results indicate that PNS causes an increase in vasodilation in response to NO and a decrease in blood pressure, resulting in protection against vascular dysfunction in SHRSP.ZF rats. PNS might be beneficial in alleviating impaired vasodilation in metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Wu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jianning Sun
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Satomi Kagota
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - Kana Maruyama
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Wakuda
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - Kazumasa Shinozuka
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Nishinomiya, Japan
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21
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Zhao J, Liu E, Han L, Wang L, Zhang Y, Wang T, Fang S, Gao X. Determination of ecliptasaponin A in rat plasma and tissues by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Biomed Chromatogr 2015; 30:846-51. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.3617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2015] [Revised: 07/28/2015] [Accepted: 09/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhao
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine; 312 Anshanxi Road, Nankai District Tianjin 300193 China
| | - Erwei Liu
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine; 312 Anshanxi Road, Nankai District Tianjin 300193 China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis; Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; 312 Anshanxi Road Tianjin 300193 PR China
| | - Lifeng Han
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine; 312 Anshanxi Road, Nankai District Tianjin 300193 China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis; Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; 312 Anshanxi Road Tianjin 300193 PR China
| | - Linlin Wang
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine; 312 Anshanxi Road, Nankai District Tianjin 300193 China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine; 312 Anshanxi Road, Nankai District Tianjin 300193 China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis; Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; 312 Anshanxi Road Tianjin 300193 PR China
| | - Tao Wang
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine; 312 Anshanxi Road, Nankai District Tianjin 300193 China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis; Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; 312 Anshanxi Road Tianjin 300193 PR China
| | - Shiming Fang
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine; 312 Anshanxi Road, Nankai District Tianjin 300193 China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis; Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; 312 Anshanxi Road Tianjin 300193 PR China
| | - Xiumei Gao
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine; 312 Anshanxi Road, Nankai District Tianjin 300193 China
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