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Xin L, Ren M, Lou Y, Yin H, Qin F, Xiong Z. Integrated UHPLC-MS untargeted metabolomics and gut microbe metabolism pathway-targeted metabolomics to reveal the prevention mechanism of Gushudan on kidney-yang-deficiency-syndrome rats. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2024; 242:116062. [PMID: 38387127 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2024.116062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Gushudan (GSD) was a traditional Chinese prescription with the remarkable effect of kidney-tonifying and bone-strengthening. However, the potential prevention mechanisms of the GSD on kidney-yang-deficiency-syndrome (KYDS) and its regulation on gut microbe metabolism still need to be further systematically investigated. This study established untargeted urinary metabolomics based on RP/HILIC-UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS and combined with multivariate statistical analysis to discover differential metabolites and key metabolic pathways. And the gut microbe metabolism pathway-targeted metabolomic based on HILIC-UHPLC-MS/MS was developed and validated to simultaneously determine 15 gut microbe-mediated metabolites in urine samples from the control group (CON), KYDS model group (MOD), GSD-treatment group (GSD) and positive group (POS). The results showed that a total of 36 differential metabolites were discovered in untargeted metabolomics. These differential metabolites included proline, cytosine, butyric acid and nicotinic acid, which were primarily involved in the gut microbe metabolism, amino acid metabolism, energy metabolism and nucleotide metabolism. And GSD played a role in preventing KYDS by regulating these metabolic pathways. The targeted metabolomics found that the levels of 10 gut microbe-mediated metabolites had significant differences in different groups. Among them, compared with the CON group, the levels of lysine, tryptophan, phenylacetylglycine and hippuric acid were increased in the MOD group, while the levels of threonine, leucine, dimethylamine, trimethylamine, succinic acid and butyric acid were decreased, which verified the disorders of gut microbe metabolism in the KYDS rats and GSD had a significant regulatory effect on this disorder. As well as by comparing analysis, it was found that the experimental results were consistent with previous metabolomics and microbiomics of fecal samples. Therefore, this integrated strategy of untargeted and targeted metabolomics not only elucidated the potential prevention mechanism of GSD on KYDS, but also provided a scientific basis for GSD preventing KYDS via the "gut-kidney" axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Xin
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Benxi, Liaoning 117004, P.R. China
| | - Mengxin Ren
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Benxi, Liaoning 117004, P.R. China
| | - Yanwei Lou
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Benxi, Liaoning 117004, P.R. China
| | - Huawen Yin
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Benxi, Liaoning 117004, P.R. China
| | - Feng Qin
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Benxi, Liaoning 117004, P.R. China
| | - Zhili Xiong
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Benxi, Liaoning 117004, P.R. China.
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Zhang D, Liang J, Qu S, Xu C, Kan H, Dong K, Wang Y. Metabolomics and pharmacodynamic analysis unveil the therapeutic role of icaritin on osteoporosis rats. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2024; 241:115979. [PMID: 38237539 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2024.115979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a systemic metabolic bone disease characterized by a reduction in bone mass resulting from multifactorial causes. Icaritin (ICT), a flavonoid glycoside, exhibits a multitude of effects on bone tissue. To examine the influence of ICT on bone trabecular loss in vivo, ovariectomized (OVX) rats were utilized. The ability of ICT to mitigate bone trabecular loss and the underlying anti-osteoporotic pathways were assessed using ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis rats. Furthermore, we gain insights into the osteoprotective mechanisms of ICT on osteoporosis by conducting UPLC-Orbitrap-MS-based metabolomics of rat urine. The results of experiments demonstrated a significant attenuation of bone trabecular loss, as well as improvements in biochemical indices, biomechanical parameters, and microstructure in the ICT administered group compared to the OVX group. Moreover, metabolomics results suggested that the ICT treatment adjusted 33 different metabolites, which associated with the metabolism of amino acids, lipids, and energy. The findings suggest that the anti-osteoporosis effect of ICT may be related to the activation of PI3K/AKT signal and the inhibition of TLR4 pathway regulated by metabonomics. These results contribute to a better understanding of the therapeutic potential of ICT in the treatment of osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongxue Zhang
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Jinjing Liang
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Shuai Qu
- Jilin Institute of Biology, 1244 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, Jilin, China
| | - Chen Xu
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Hong Kan
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China.
| | - Kai Dong
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China.
| | - Yingping Wang
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China.
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Wu Y, Yuan C, Han P, Guo J, Wang Y, Chen C, Huang C, Zheng K, Qi Y, Li J, Xue Z, Lu F, Liang D, Gao J, Li X, Guo Q. Discovery of potential biomarkers for osteoporosis using LC/GC-MS metabolomic methods. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 14:1332216. [PMID: 38298188 PMCID: PMC10828954 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1332216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose For early diagnosis of osteoporosis (OP), plasma metabolomics of OP was studied by untargeted LC/GC-MS in a Chinese elderly population to find possible diagnostic biomarkers. Methods A total of 379 Chinese community-dwelling older adults aged ≥65 years were recruited for this study. The BMD of the calcaneus was measured using quantitative ultrasound (QUS), and a T value ≤-2.5 was defined as OP. Twenty-nine men and 47 women with OP were screened, and 29 men and 36 women were matched according to age and BMI as normal controls using propensity matching. Plasma from these participants was first analyzed by untargeted LC/GC-MS, followed by FC and P values to screen for differential metabolites and heatmaps and box plots to differentiate metabolites between groups. Finally, metabolic pathway enrichment analysis of differential metabolites was performed based on KEGG, and pathways with P ≤ 0.05 were selected as enrichment pathways. Results We screened metabolites with FC>1.2 or FC<1/1.2 and P<0.05 and found 33 differential metabolites in elderly men and 30 differential metabolites in elderly women that could be potential biomarkers for OP. 2-Aminomuconic acid semialdehyde (AUC=0.72, 95% CI 0.582-0.857, P=0.004) is highly likely to be a biomarker for screening OP in older men. Tetradecanedioic acid (AUC=0.70, 95% CI 0.575-0.818, P=0.004) is highly likely to be a biomarker for screening OP in older women. Conclusion These findings can be applied to clinical work through further validation studies. This study also shows that metabolomic analysis has great potential for application in the early diagnosis and recurrence monitoring of OP in elderly individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yahui Wu
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunhua Yuan
- Comprehensive surgical rehabilitation ward, Shanghai Health Rehabilitation Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Peipei Han
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiangling Guo
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai, China
- Graduate School of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue Wang
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Cheng Chen
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai, China
- School of Health, Fujian Medical University, Fujian, China
| | - Chuanjun Huang
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Kai Zheng
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiqiong Qi
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai, China
- Department of Sport Rehabilitation, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiajin Li
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhengjie Xue
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Fanchen Lu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Dongyu Liang
- Clinical Research Center, Jiading District Central Hospital Affiliated Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Gao
- General Practice Clinic, Pujiang Community Health Service Center in Minhang District, Shanghai, China
| | - Xingyan Li
- Shanghai Hongkou District Jiangwan Hospital Affiliated Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Qi Guo
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai, China
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Li K, Jiang Y, Wang N, Lai L, Xu S, Xia T, Yue X, Xin H. Traditional Chinese Medicine in Osteoporosis Intervention and the Related Regulatory Mechanism of Gut Microbiome. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2023; 51:1957-1981. [PMID: 37884447 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x23500866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
The gut microbiome (GM) has become a crucial factor that can affect the progression of osteoporosis. A number of studies have demonstrated the impact of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) on GM and bone metabolism. In this review, we summarize the potential mechanisms of the relationship between osteoporosis and GM disorder and introduce several natural Chinese medicines that exert anti-osteoporosis effects by modulating the GM. It is underlined that, through the provision of the microbial associated molecular pattern (MAMP), the GM causes inflammatory reactions and alterations in the Treg-Th17 balance and ultimately leads to changes in bone mass. Serotonin and many hormones, especially estrogen, may play a crucial role in the interaction of the GM with bone metabolism. Additionally, the GM may affect the absorption of specific nutrients in the intestine, particularly minerals like calcium, magnesium, and phosphorus. Several natural Chinese herbs, such as Sambucus Williamsii, Achyranthes bidentata Blume, Pleurotus ostreatus and Ganoderma lucidum mushrooms, Pueraria Lobata, and Agaricus blazei Murill have exhibited anti-osteoporosis effects through regulating the distribution and metabolism of the GM. These herbs may increase the abundance of Firmicutes, decrease the abundance of Bacteroides, promote the GM to produce more SCFAs, modulate the immune response caused by harmful bacteria, and increase the proportion of Treg-Th17 to indirectly affect bone metabolism. Moreover, gut-derived 5-HT is an important target for TCM to prevent osteoporosis via the gut-bone axis. Puerarin could prevent osteoporosis by improving intestinal mucosal integrity and decrease systemic inflammation caused by estrogen deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Li
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, P. R. China
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Yiping Jiang
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Nani Wang
- Department of Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Liyong Lai
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Shengyan Xu
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Tianshuang Xia
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoqiang Yue
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Hailiang Xin
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, P. R. China
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Xin L, Liu S, Lou Y, Zhang J, Lu Q, Zhao L, Wei X, Xiong Z. An integrated fecal metabolomic based on 1 H-NMR and UPLC-QTOF-MS revealed the preventive mechanism of Gushudan on glucocorticoid-induced osteoporotic rats. Biomed Chromatogr 2023; 37:e5693. [PMID: 37403411 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.5693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
Gushudan (GSD) has the effect of strengthening bones and nourishing kidneys. However, its specific intervention mechanism still remains unclear. In this study, to investigate the pathogenesis of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIOP) and the preventive mechanism of GSD on GIOP, fecal metabolomics based on 1 H-NMR and ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight-mass spectrometry method was established. The changes in endogenous metabolites and the relevant metabolic pathways in the control group, model group, and GSD treatment group were investigated via multivariate statistical analysis. As a result, a total of 39 differential metabolites were identified. Of these, 22 metabolites, such as L-methionine, guanine, and sphingosine, were newly discovered as differential metabolites of GIOP. Amino acid metabolism, energy metabolism, intestinal flora metabolism, and lipid metabolism were significantly changed in the fecal profiles of GIOP rats, and GSD could play an anti-osteoporosis role by regulating these metabolic pathways. Finally, compared with our previous study of the GSD to prevent kidney yang deficiency syndrome, this study suggested that there were some identical differential metabolites and metabolic pathways. It showed that there was some correlation among the metabolic profiles of the intestine, kidney, and bone in GIOP rats. Therefore, this study offered new insights into the in-depth understanding of the pathogenesis of GIOP and the intervention mechanism of GSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Xin
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Benxi, China
| | - Shuo Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Benxi, China
| | - Yanwei Lou
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Benxi, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Benxi, China
| | - Qing Lu
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Benxi, China
| | - Longshan Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Benxi, China
| | - Xiuyan Wei
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutical Science, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhili Xiong
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Benxi, China
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Ren L, Li Q, Zhang L, Wang R, Qin F, Zhao L, Wei X, Xiong Z. Integrated serum pharmacochemistry, network pharmacology and pharmacokinetics to explore bioactive components of Gushudan in the treatment of osteoporosis. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2023; 1225:123762. [PMID: 37247535 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2023.123762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Gushudan (GSD), a compound prescription on the basis of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) theory and clinical practice, has been used in the treatment of osteoporosis (OP) for many years. Although studies have shown that GSD can treat OP, there is a lack of systematic screening method to explore the bioactive components, which are still unclear. Therefore, this study was aimed to establish an integrated method to screen and determine bioactive ingredients of GSD in the treatment of OP by serum pharmacochemistry, network pharmacology and pharmacokinetics. Firstly, 112 components of the GSD extract and 90 serum migrating constituents were identified by the ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-hybrid quadrupole-Orbitrap high-resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS), most of which were derived from flavonoids, tanshinones, coumarins and organic acids. Secondly, based on the network pharmacological analysis of the serum migrating constituents, 37 core targets and 20 main pathways related to both GSD and OP were obtained. More importantly, 7 bioactive ingredients were further screened as the PK markers by the network topology parameters including icariin, icariside II, isopimpinellin, bergapten, imperatorin, osthole and tanshinone IIA. Finally, a sensitive and accurate quantitative method based on ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) was established and validated for simultaneous determination of the 7 bioactive ingredients in the rat plasma after oral administration of GSD extract, which was then applied to pharmacokinetic study. Besides, the overall pharmacokinetic characteristics were further calculated: Cmax was 180.52 ± 31.18 ng/mL, Tmax was 0.46 ± 0.20 h, t1/2 was 4.09 ± 0.39 h, AUC0-∞ was 567.24 ± 65.29 ng·h/mL, which displayed quick absorption and medium elimination in rats after oral administration of GSD extract. This study provided a new and holistic insight for exploring bioactive constituents and main targets to decode the therapeutic material basis of GSD against OP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Ren
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Benxi 117004, China
| | - Qiuyu Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Benxi 117004, China
| | - Liwei Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Benxi 117004, China
| | - Ruoyao Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Benxi 117004, China
| | - Feng Qin
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Benxi 117004, China
| | - Longshan Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Benxi 117004, China
| | - Xiuyan Wei
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutical Science, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China
| | - Zhili Xiong
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Benxi 117004, China.
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Li B, Wang Y, Gong S, Yao W, Gao H, Liu M, Wei M. Puerarin improves OVX-induced osteoporosis by regulating phospholipid metabolism and biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids based on serum metabolomics. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 102:154198. [PMID: 35636175 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP) is a serious problem for the women over 50 years old. Natural product puerarin (PUE) has been proven to improve PMOP with high safety. PMOP is a metabolic disorder affecting bone metabolism, indicating that endogenous metabolites amelioration may be a novel strategy for PMOP therapy. However, what the metabolic profile of POMP will be after PUE treatment is still obscure. PURPOSE We purpose to figure out the metabolic characteristics of PMOP and to explore the intrinsic mechanism on the anti-osteoporosis efficacy after PUE treatment based on the serum metabolomics. METHODS We established OVX rats as osteoporosis model, and the animals were distributed into Sham, OVX, and OVX+PUE (100 mg/kg/d) group. The femurs were analyzed by μ-CT and three-point bending test. Serum metabolomics was performed by UPLC/Q-TOF-MS. We also determined the body weight, liver weight, and the levels of serum TC, TG, LDL-C, and HDL-C. The key proteins of the PPARγ pathway and Wnt pathway were analyzed by Western blot and qPCR experiments. RESULTS PUE treatment for 14 weeks both improved the bone structure and ameliorated lipid metabolism in ovariectomized rats. By determination and further analysis of serum metabolomics, we revealed that the endogenous metabolites was significantly changed in ovariectomized rats, and PUE treatment adjusted 23 differential metabolites, which were involved in phospholipid metabolism metabolism and PUFAs metabolic pathways. Close correlationships were futher found between the indexes of bone metabolism, lipid metabolism and the differential metabolites, particularly LysoPA, S1P and n-3/n-6 PUFAs. Further, we discovered that PUE regulated differentiation of BMSCs to elicit anti-osteoporosis efficacy, attributing to Wnt/β-catenin signaling activation and PPARγ pathway inhibition initiated by metabolomics. CONCLUSION PUE improves OVX-induced osteoporosis and lipid metabolism by regulating phospholipid metabolism and biosynthesis of PUFAs, resulting in reducing the adipogenic differentiation and promoting osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs via Wnt pathway activation and PPARγ pathway inhibition in ovariectomized rats. The study provides us a novel mechanism to explain the improvement of osteoporosis by PUE, depicts a metabolic profile of PMOP, and gives us another point cut for further exploring the pathogenesis of PMOP and looking for biomarkers of osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Shiqiang Gong
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Anti-Tumor Drug Development and Evaluation, Shenyang, China
| | - Weifan Yao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Anti-Tumor Drug Development and Evaluation, Shenyang, China
| | - Hua Gao
- Division of Pharmacology Laboratory, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
| | - Mingyan Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Anti-Tumor Drug Development and Evaluation, Shenyang, China.
| | - Minjie Wei
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Anti-Tumor Drug Development and Evaluation, Shenyang, China; Liaoning Medical Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Shenyang, China.
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8
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Feng Q, Tong L, Lu Q, Liu S, Zhao L, Xiong Z. 1H NMR serum metabolomics and its endogenous network pharmacological analysis of gushudan on kidney-yang-deficiency-syndrome rats. Anal Biochem 2022; 643:114580. [PMID: 35149001 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2022.114580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The pharmacodynamics, 1H NMR metabolomics and endogenous network pharmacology strategy approaches were integrated to investigate the preventive mechanism of Gushudan (GSD) on kidney-yang-deficiency-syndrome (KYDS) rats in this study. Firstly, the KYDS rat model was achieved by hydrocortisone induction, and the efficacy of GSD on KYDS model rats was assessed by the pharmacodynamic indicators. Next, the comprehensive untargeted serum metabolic profile of rats was obtained in 1H NMR metabolomics study, 29 potential biomarkers closely associated with KYDS were identified, which were mainly involved in carbohydrate metabolism, amino acid metabolism and intestinal flora metabolism. In addition, the potential biomarkers-targets-pathways-disease metabolic network was further investigated for deeper understanding the preventive effects of GSD on KYDS rats and its mechanism, which was further obtained for the important targets related to biomarkers and diseases such as NOS3, PTGS2 and CXCL8, and important metabolic pathways such as glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism, arginine and proline metabolism, and microbial metabolism in diverse environments. Finally, compared with our previous anti-osteoporosis study of GSD, it suggested that some similar metabolic pathways, which would provide some scientific reference of the existence of the kidney-bone axis under the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) theory of "kidney dominates bone".
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Affiliation(s)
- Qisheng Feng
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Benxi, Liaoning Province, 117004, China
| | - Lin Tong
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Benxi, Liaoning Province, 117004, China
| | - Qing Lu
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Benxi, Liaoning Province, 117004, China
| | - Shuo Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Benxi, Liaoning Province, 117004, China
| | - Longshan Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Benxi, Liaoning Province, 117004, China
| | - Zhili Xiong
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Benxi, Liaoning Province, 117004, China.
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Zhao Z, Cai Z, Chen A, Cai M, Yang K. Application of metabolomics in osteoporosis research. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:993253. [PMID: 36452325 PMCID: PMC9702081 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.993253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis (OP) is a systemic disease characterized by bone metabolism imbalance and bone microstructure destruction, which causes serious social and economic burden. At present, the diagnosis and treatment of OP mainly rely on imaging combined with drugs. However, the existing pathogenic mechanisms, diagnosis and treatment strategies for OP are not clear and effective enough, and the disease progression that cannot reflect OP further restricts its effective treatment. The application of metabolomics has facilitated the study of OP, further exploring the mechanism and behavior of bone cells, prevention, and treatment of the disease from various metabolic perspectives, finally realizing the possibility of a holistic approach. In this review, we focus on the application of metabolomics in OP research, especially the newer systematic application of metabolomics and treatment with herbal medicine and their extracts. In addition, the prospects of clinical transformation in related fields are also discussed. The aim of this study is to highlight the use of metabolomics in OP research, especially in exploring the pathogenesis of OP and the therapeutic mechanisms of natural herbal medicine, for the benefit of interdisciplinary researchers including clinicians, biologists, and materials engineers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyu Zhao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhengwei Cai
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Aopan Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ming Cai
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Ming Cai, ; Kai Yang,
| | - Kai Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Ming Cai, ; Kai Yang,
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A Distinctive Human Metabolomics Alteration Associated with Osteopenic and Osteoporotic Patients. Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11090628. [PMID: 34564444 PMCID: PMC8466514 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11090628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a common progressive metabolic bone disease resulting in decreased bone mineral density (BMD) and a subsequent increase in fracture risk. The known bone markers are not sensitive and specific enough to reflect the balance in the bone metabolism. Finding a metabolomics-based biomarker specific for bone desorption or lack of bone formation is crucial for predicting bone health earlier. This study aimed to investigate patients' metabolomic profiles with low BMD (LBMD), including those with osteopenia (ON) and osteoporosis (OP), compared to healthy controls. An untargeted mass spectrometry (MS)-based metabolomics approach was used to analyze serum samples. Results showed a clear separation between patients with LBMD and control (Q2 = 0.986, R2 = 0.994), reflecting a significant difference in the dynamic of metabolic processes between the study groups. A total of 116 putatively identified metabolites were significantly associated with LBMD. Ninety-four metabolites were dysregulated, with 52 up- and 42 downregulated in patients with LBMD compared to controls. Histidine metabolism, aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis, glyoxylate, dicarboxylate metabolism, and biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids were the most common metabolic pathways dysregulated in LBMD. Furthermore, 35 metabolites were significantly dysregulated between ON and OP groups, with 11 up- and 24 downregulated in ON compared to OP. Among the upregulated metabolites were 3-carboxy-4-methyl-5-propyl-2-2furanopropionic acid (CMPF) and carnitine derivatives (i.e., 3-hydroxy-11-octadecenoylcarnitine, and l-acetylcarnitine), whereas phosphatidylcholine (PC), sphingomyelin (SM), and palmitic acid (PA) were among the downregulated metabolites in ON compared to OP. This study would add a layer to understanding the possible metabolic alterations associated with ON and OP. Additionally, this identified metabolic panel would help develop a prediction model for bone health and OP progression.
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Xiong L, Guo Z, Wang H, Pei J, Wu X, Yan P, Guo X. The Study on Potential Biomarker in Rat After Withdrawal of Cimaterol Using Untargeted Metabonomics. Chromatographia 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-021-04049-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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12
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Zang L, Zhang Y, Zhao J, Yuan Y, Wen Y, Lian J, Chen S, Chen Y, Liu W, Niu Z, Wang X, Peng C, Zhang W, Meng Z, Lu J. A metabolomics study of Qianliexin capsule treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia induced by testosterone propionate in the rat model. Anal Biochem 2021; 628:114258. [PMID: 34081927 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2021.114258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A metabolomics investigation of the treatment effect of Qianliexin (QLX) capsules was conducted on rats with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) induced by testosterone propionate. Establishment of the BPH model was confirmed using the prostatic index. Hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining for TGF-β, EGFR, collagen, IL-1 β, TNF-α was performed and changes in urine volume were measured. Urine and serum samples were collected from three groups, including a control group, a BPH model group and a QLX-treated group and subjected to metabolomics profiling based on ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Pharmacodynamics analysis showed that the QLX group had significantly lower histopathological damage, fibrosis damage, and inflammation and higher urine output compared with the model group. Twenty-two potential biomarkers were identified in urine samples and 23 metabolites were identified in plasma samples. Alterations in metabolic patterns were evident in all sample types. The treatment effects of QLX appear to involve various metabolic pathways including lipid metabolism, fatty acid metabolism and purine generation and significantly reduced the pathological symptoms and related biochemical indicators of BPH and improved the level of potential marker metabolites. This comprehensive study suggested that differential markers provided insights into the metabolic pathways involved in BPH and the treatment effects of QLX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linghe Zang
- Institute of Life Science and Bio-pharmaceuticals, Pharmaceutical College, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Yuwei Zhang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong Hongjitang Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Jinan, 250103, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Institute of Life Science and Bio-pharmaceuticals, Pharmaceutical College, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Yunxia Yuan
- Institute of Life Science and Bio-pharmaceuticals, Pharmaceutical College, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Yi Wen
- Institute of Life Science and Bio-pharmaceuticals, Pharmaceutical College, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Jiaxin Lian
- Institute of Life Science and Bio-pharmaceuticals, Pharmaceutical College, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Shuailong Chen
- Institute of Life Science and Bio-pharmaceuticals, Pharmaceutical College, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Yiran Chen
- Institute of Life Science and Bio-pharmaceuticals, Pharmaceutical College, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Weiyi Liu
- Institute of Life Science and Bio-pharmaceuticals, Pharmaceutical College, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Ze Niu
- Institute of Life Science and Bio-pharmaceuticals, Pharmaceutical College, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Xinyue Wang
- Institute of Life Science and Bio-pharmaceuticals, Pharmaceutical College, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Chunlin Peng
- Institute of Life Science and Bio-pharmaceuticals, Pharmaceutical College, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Wenxin Zhang
- Institute of Life Science and Bio-pharmaceuticals, Pharmaceutical College, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Zhaoqing Meng
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong Hongjitang Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Jinan, 250103, Shandong Province, China.
| | - Jincai Lu
- Institute of Life Science and Bio-pharmaceuticals, Pharmaceutical College, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, Liaoning Province, China.
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Ye M, Zhang C, Jia W, Shen Q, Qin X, Zhang H, Zhu L. Metabolomics strategy reveals the osteogenic mechanism of yak (Bos grunniens) bone collagen peptides on ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis in rats. Food Funct 2020; 11:1498-1512. [PMID: 31993619 DOI: 10.1039/c9fo01944h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Our previous work demonstrated that yak bone collagen peptides (YBP) possessed excellent osteogenic activity in vitro. However, associations between YBP and osteoporosis were less established, and the positive effect and underlying mechanism of YBP in the treatment of osteoporotic rats in vivo remained unclear. Herein, ovariectomized rats were intragastrically administered with YBP or 17β-estradiol for 12 weeks. Bone turnover markers, bone biomechanical parameters and bone microarchitecture were investigated to identify the specific changes of potential antagonistic effects of YBP on ovariectomized rats. Then, serum samples were analyzed by UPLC/Q-TOF-MS to identify metabolites. The results showed that YBP treatment remarkably altered the content of serum bone turnover markers and prevented the ovariectomy-induced deterioration of bone mechanical and microarchitecture characteristics. A total of forty-one biomarkers for which levels changed markedly upon treatment have been identified based on non-targeted metabolomics. Among them, twenty-one metabolites displayed a downward expression level, while twenty metabolites showed an upward expression level in the YBP group and finally were selected as potential biomarkers. The levels of these biomarkers displayed significant alterations and a tendency to be restored to normal values in YBP treated osteoporotic rats. A systematic network analysis of their corresponding pathways delineated that the protective or recovery effect of YBP on osteoporosis occurred primarily by regulating the amino acid metabolism and lipid metabolism (especially unsaturated fatty acid). Collectively, these findings highlight that such peptides hold promise in further advancement as a natural alternative for functional and health-promoting foods, which could be potentially used in mediated treatment of osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengliang Ye
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
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Jia H, Yuan X, Liu S, Feng Q, Zhao J, Zhao L, Xiong Z. Integrated renal metabolomic and metallomic profiling revealed protective effect and metabolic mechanism of Gushudan on glucocorticoid-induced osteoporotic rat based on GC-MS and ICP-MS. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2020; 193:113705. [PMID: 33188945 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2020.113705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Based on the traditional Chinese medicine theory, kidney is considered to govern the bones and dominate the store of essence ('jing' in Chinese). Gushudan (GSD) is a traditional Chinese medicine prescription for the treatment osteoporosis in the clinic and is beneficial for improving kidney function and strengthening bone in vivo. This study aims to reveal the renal metabolic profiling of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIOP) rats and the potential preventive effect of GSD based on an integrative metabolomic and metallomic approach. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) were combined for the investigation of renal metabolomic and metallomic profiling. In the metabolomic analysis, 17 potential biomarkers were found to be related to GIOP, such as glucose, malate, γ-aminobutyric acid and arachidonic acid. And seven metallic elements, including Zn, Mn, Se, Fe, Mo, As and Ba, were identified in rat kidney tissue in the metallomic analysis. The major metabolic pathways included aerobic glycolysis, and neurotransmitter amino acids metabolism. It was worth mentioning that the levels of trace metal elements (Zn, Mn, Se, Fe, As and Ba) significantly reduced in the model group, while the contents of Zn, Mn, Se, Fe and As were elevated after administration of GSD. Finally, a correlation metabolic regulatory network and the metabolic pathways associated with trace metal elements were further investigated to illuminate the role of potential biomarkers and trace metal elements in GIOP rats. These variations of potential biomarkers and trace metal elements suggested the existence of kidney damage and metabolic disorder in GIOP rats, which indicated a close relationship between bone and kidney in vivo. Moreover, the integrated renal metabolomic and metallomic profiling could be as an effective supplementary measure to the plasma and urine metabolomic research, and it was helpful to further understand the holistic formation process of osetoporosis and the potential preventive effects of GSD on GIOP rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiwen Jia
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Benxi 117004, China
| | - Xuemei Yuan
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Benxi 117004, China
| | - Shuo Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Benxi 117004, China
| | - Qisheng Feng
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Benxi 117004, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Benxi 117004, China
| | - Longshan Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Benxi 117004, China
| | - Zhili Xiong
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Benxi 117004, China.
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15
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Liu S, Yuan X, Ma C, Zhao J, Xiong Z. 1H-NMR-based urinary metabolomic analysis for the preventive effects of gushudan on glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis rats. Anal Biochem 2020; 610:113992. [PMID: 33075315 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2020.113992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Gushudan (GSD), a traditional Chinese medicine with a history of more than 15 years, has been shown to have anti-osteoporosis effects, but the specific therapeutic mechanism behind it is still unclear. To further elucidate the pathogenesis of osteoporosis and the preventive mechanism of GSD on glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIOP) rats, a rapid and comprehensive 1H NMR metabolomics method was established to detect urinary metabolic profiles in the control group, model group and GSD treatment group in this study. The orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) was performed to investigate changes in the metabolites, and related metabolic pathways were discovered using MetaboAnalyst platform. As a result, a total of 27 differential metabolites were identified. Of these, 17 metabolites such as formate, allantoin and l-threonate were newly discovered as GIOP potential biomarkers. Energy metabolism, intestinal flora metabolism, amino acid metabolism and oxidative stress response were significantly changed in the urinary profiles of GIOP rats, and GSD could play an anti-osteoporosis role by regulating these metabolic pathways. This study compliments the earlier LC-MS based urine metabolomics research, and helps further understand the pathogenesis of osteoporosis and the potential preventive effects of GSD on GIOP rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Benxi, 117004, PR China
| | - Xuemei Yuan
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Benxi, 117004, PR China
| | - Chang Ma
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Benxi, 117004, PR China
| | - Jing Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Benxi, 117004, PR China
| | - Zhili Xiong
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Benxi, 117004, PR China.
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16
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Si Z, Zhou S, Shen Z, Luan F. High-Throughput Metabolomics Discovers Metabolic Biomarkers and Pathways to Evaluating the Efficacy and Exploring Potential Mechanisms of Osthole Against Osteoporosis Based on UPLC/Q-TOF-MS Coupled With Multivariate Data Analysis. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:741. [PMID: 32670052 PMCID: PMC7326133 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP) is the most common metabolic bone illness among the elderly especially in postmenopausal women resulting from a reduction in bone mineral density, but there is no effective drug at present. The study was aimed at evaluating efficacy of osthole against osteoporosis using high-throughput metabolomics method. The blood samples for illustrating the pathological mechanism of PMOP and exploring the efficacy of osthole treatment (ST) were collected to perform metabolites and metabolic profiles and pathways analysis using ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF/MS) and pattern recognition methods. In addition, backbone weight, the bone density, and some vital biochemical indexes were also detected. A total of 28 metabolites were identified as biomarkers for ovariectomized-osteoporosis model, and ST could significantly regulate 19 of them including lysine, linoleic acid, 3-hydroxybutyric acid, prostaglandin F2a, taurocholic acid, LysoPC(15:0), l-carnitine, glucose, arginine, citric acid, corticosterone, ornithine, tryptophan, arachidonic acid, Cer(d18:0/18:0), glutamine, uric acid, 8-HETE, estriol, which mainly related with 13 metabolic pathways, such as linoleic acid metabolism, starch, and sucrose metabolism, arachidonic acid metabolism, alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism, arginine and proline metabolism, citrate cycle (TCA cycle), and arginine biosynthesis. The ovariectomized model (OVX) rats display a significant decrease bone density, TGF-β1, NO, and NOS level, and a significant increase bone weight, IL-6, TNF-α, and Ca 2+ level. These parameters in the ST rats were evidently improved as compared to the OVX group. ST effectively mitigated ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis in rats by affecting endogenous metabolite-related metabolic mechanism and showed the natural alternative with potential for the treatment of PMOP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenxing Si
- Emergency Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Shifeng Zhou
- Emergency Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Zilong Shen
- Orthopedic Department, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Feiyu Luan
- Emergency Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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Sun Y, Yang AWH, Lenon GB. Phytochemistry, Ethnopharmacology, Pharmacokinetics and Toxicology of Cnidium monnieri (L.) Cusson. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E1006. [PMID: 32028721 PMCID: PMC7037677 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21031006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Cnidium monnieri (L.) Cusson (CMC) is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine that has been widely grown and used in Asia. It is also known as "She chuang zi" in China (Chinese: ), "Jashoshi" in Japan, "Sasangia" in Korea, and "Xa sang tu" in Vietnam. This study aimed to provide an up-to-date review of its phytochemistry, ethnopharmacology, pharmacokinetics, and toxicology. All available information on CMC was collected from the Encyclopedia of Traditional Chinese Medicines, PubMed, EMBASE, ScienceDirect, Scopus, Web of Science, and China Network Knowledge Infrastructure. The updated chemical structures of the compounds are those ones without chemical ID numbers or references from the previous review. A total of 429 chemical constituents have been elucidated and 56 chemical structures have been firstly identified in CMC with traceable evidence. They can be categorized as coumarins, volatile constituents, liposoluble compounds, chromones, monoterpenoid glucosides, terpenoids, glycosides, glucides, and other compounds. CMC has demonstrated impressive potential for the management of various diseases in extensive preclinical research. Since most of the studies are overly concentrated on osthole, more research is needed to investigate other chemical constituents.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - George Binh Lenon
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Melbourne 3083, Australia; (Y.S.); (A.W.H.Y.)
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Integrated metabolomic analysis for intervention effects of Gushudan on glucocorticoid-induced osteoporostic rat plasma based on RP/HILIC-UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS. Anal Biochem 2020; 591:113559. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2019.113559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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19
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An X, Bao Q, Di S, Zhao Y, Zhao S, Zhang H, Lian F, Tong X. The interaction between the gut Microbiota and herbal medicines. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 118:109252. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2019] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
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20
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Miyamoto T, Hirayama A, Sato Y, Koboyashi T, Katsuyama E, Kanagawa H, Fujie A, Morita M, Watanabe R, Tando T, Miyamoto K, Tsuji T, Funayama A, Soga T, Tomita M, Nakamura M, Matsumoto M. Metabolomics-based profiles predictive of low bone mass in menopausal women. Bone Rep 2018; 9:11-18. [PMID: 29955645 PMCID: PMC6019687 DOI: 10.1016/j.bonr.2018.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Revised: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a skeletal disorder characterized by compromised bone strength and increased risk of fracture. Low bone mass and/or pre-existing bone fragility fractures serve as diagnostic criteria in deciding when to start medication for osteoporosis. Although osteoporosis is a metabolic disorder, metabolic markers to predict reduced bone mass are unknown. Here, we show serum metabolomics profiles of women grouped as pre-menopausal with normal bone mineral density (BMD) (normal estrogen and normal BMD; NN), post-menopausal with normal BMD (low estrogen and normal BMD; LN) or post-menopausal with low BMD (low estrogen and low BMD; LL) using comprehensive metabolomics analysis. To do so, we enrolled healthy volunteer and osteoporosis patient female subjects, surveyed them with a questionnaire, measured their BMD, and then undertook a comprehensive metabolomics analysis of sera of the three groups named above. We identified 24 metabolites whose levels differed significantly between NN/LN and NN/LL groups, as well as 18 or 10 metabolites whose levels differed significantly between NN/LN and LN/LL, or LN/LL and NN/LN groups, respectively. Our data shows metabolomics changes represent useful markers to predict estrogen deficiency and/or bone loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Miyamoto
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinano-machi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
- Department of Advanced Therapy for Musculoskeletal Disorders, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinano-machi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Akiyoshi Hirayama
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, 246-2 Mizukami, Kakuganji, Tsuruoka, Yamagata 997-0052, Japan
| | - Yuiko Sato
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinano-machi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
- Department of Advanced Therapy for Musculoskeletal Disorders, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinano-machi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Tami Koboyashi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinano-machi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
- Department of Musculoskeletal Reconstruction and Regeneration Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinano-machi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Eri Katsuyama
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinano-machi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Hiroya Kanagawa
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinano-machi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Atsuhiro Fujie
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinano-machi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Mayu Morita
- Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinano-machi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Ryuichi Watanabe
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinano-machi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Toshimi Tando
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinano-machi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Kana Miyamoto
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinano-machi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Takashi Tsuji
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinano-machi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Atsushi Funayama
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinano-machi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Tomoyoshi Soga
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, 246-2 Mizukami, Kakuganji, Tsuruoka, Yamagata 997-0052, Japan
| | - Masaru Tomita
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, 246-2 Mizukami, Kakuganji, Tsuruoka, Yamagata 997-0052, Japan
| | - Masaya Nakamura
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinano-machi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Morio Matsumoto
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinano-machi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
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Wen Y, Yuan X, Qin F, Zhao L, Xiong Z. Development and validation of a hydrophilic interaction ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method for rapid simultaneous determination of 19 free amino acids in rat plasma and urine. Biomed Chromatogr 2018; 33:e4387. [PMID: 30238479 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.4387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2018] [Revised: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Determination of amino acids in biofluids is a challenging task because of difficulties deriving from their high polarity and matrix interference. A simple, reliable and high-throughput hydrophilic interaction UHPLC-MS/MS method was developed and validated for the rapid simultaneous determination of 19 free amino acids in rat plasma and urine samples in this paper. Hydrophilic method with a Waters Acquity UPLC BEH Amide column (100 × 2.1 mm,1.7 μm) was used with a gradient mobile phase system of acetonitrile and water both containing 0.2% formic acid. The analysis was performed on a positive electrospray ionization mass spectrometer via multiple reaction monitoring. Samples of 10 μL plasma and 50 μL urine were spiked with three deuterated internal standards, pretreated with 250 μL acetonitrile for one-step protein precipitation and a final dilution of urine samples. Good linearities (r > 0.99) were obtained for all of the analytes with the lower limit of quantification from 0.1 to 1.2 μg/mL. The relative standard deviation of the intra-day and inter-day precisions were within 15.0% and the accuracy ranged from -12.8 to 12.7%. The hydrophilic interaction UHPLC-MS/MS method was rapid, accurate and high-throughput and exhibited better chromatography behaviors than the regular RPLC methods. It was further successfully applied to detect 19 free amino acids in biological matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongqing Wen
- College of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuemei Yuan
- College of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Qin
- College of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Longshan Zhao
- College of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhili Xiong
- College of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
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Gu X, Huang J, Zhang L, Zhang Y, Wang CZ, Sun C, Yao D, Li F, Chen L, Yuan CS. Efficient discovery and capture of new neuronal nitric oxide synthase-postsynaptic density protein-95 uncouplers from herbal medicines using magnetic molecularly imprinted polymers as artificial antibodies. J Sep Sci 2018; 40:3522-3534. [PMID: 28704580 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201700595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Revised: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In the scope of stroke treatment, new neuronal nitric oxide synthase-postsynaptic density protein-95 uncouplers from herbal medicines were discovered and captured. To do so, highly selective magnetic molecularly imprinted polymers with a core-shell structure were prepared as artificial antibodies. According to the results of computational simulations, we designed and synthesized various polymers with varying amounts and types of template, functional monomer, cross-linker, and solvent. Characterization and performance tests revealed that the most appropriate artificial antibodies showed uniform spherical morphologies, large adsorption capacities, fast-binding kinetics, high selectivity, and quick separation. These artificial antibodies were then used as sorbents for dispersive magnetic solid-phase extraction coupled with high-performance liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry to capture and identify structural analogs to ZL006 from extracts of Scutellariae radix, Psoraleae fructus, and Trifolium pratense. Furthermore, according to the neuroprotective effect and coimmunoprecipitation test, Baicalein, Neobavaisoflavone, Corylifol A, and Biochanin A can be the potential uncouplers of neuronal nitric oxide synthase-postsynaptic density protein-95. Therefore, this present study contributes valuable information for the discovery of neuronal nitric oxide synthase-postsynaptic density protein-95 uncouplers from herbal medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Gu
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiaojiao Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chong-Zhi Wang
- Tang Center for Herbal Medicine Research, and Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Chenghong Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Dandan Yao
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fei Li
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lina Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chun-Su Yuan
- Tang Center for Herbal Medicine Research, and Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
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23
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Metabolic alterations in the bone tissues of aged osteoporotic mice. Sci Rep 2018; 8:8127. [PMID: 29802267 PMCID: PMC5970270 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-26322-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Age-related osteoporosis is characterized by reduced bone mineralization and reduced bone strength, which increases the risk of fractures. We examined metabolic changes associated with age-related bone loss by profiling lipids and polar metabolites in tibia and femur bone tissues from young (5 months old) and old (28 months old) male C57BL/6J mice using ultra-performance liquid chromatography quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Partial least-squares discriminant analysis showed clear differences in metabolite levels in bone tissues of young and old mice. We identified 93 lipid species, including free fatty acids, sphingolipids, phospholipids, and glycerolipids, that were significantly altered in bone tissues of old mice. In addition, the expression of 26 polar metabolites differed significantly in bone tissues of old mice and young mice. Specifically, uremic toxin metabolite levels (p-cresyl sulfate, hippuric acid, and indoxylsulfate) were higher in bone tissues of old mice than in young mice. The increase in p-cresyl sulfate, hippuric acid, and indoxylsulfate levels were determined using targeted analysis of plasma polar extracts to determine whether these metabolites could serve as potential osteoporosis biomarkers. This study demonstrates that LC-MS-based global profiling of lipid and polar metabolites can elucidate metabolic changes that occur during age-related bone loss and identify potential biomarkers of osteoporosis.
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A HILIC-UHPLC–MS/MS untargeted urinary metabonomics combined with quantitative analysis of five polar biomarkers on osteoporosis rats after oral administration of Gushudan. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2018; 1072:40-49. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2017.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2017] [Revised: 09/30/2017] [Accepted: 10/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Tang YH, Yue ZS, Xin DW, Zeng LR, Xiong ZF, Hu ZQ, Xu CD. β‑Ecdysterone promotes autophagy and inhibits apoptosis in osteoporotic rats. Mol Med Rep 2017; 17:1591-1598. [PMID: 29138818 PMCID: PMC5780099 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.8053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is an aging process of skeletal tissues with characteristics of reductions in bone mass and microarchitectural deterioration of bone tissue. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis on osteoblasts and to examine the roles of β-ecdysterone (β-Ecd) involved. In the present study, an in vivo model of osteoporosis was established through the subcutaneous implantation of prednisolone (PRED) into Sprague-Dawley rats, with or without a subcutaneous injection of β-Ecd (5 or 10 mg/kg body weight). Expression of Beclin-1 and microtubule-associated protein 1A/1B-light chain 3I/II and apoptosis in lumbar vertebrae tissues was measured by immunofluorescence and TUNEL assays, respectively. Serum concentration of calcium and phosphorus, and the activity of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were measured by biochemical assay. Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blotting was used for detect the expression of related genes and proteins. PRED treatment inhibited bone formation by decreasing bone mineral density, and suppressing the expression of Runt-related transcription factor 2 and bone morphogenetic protein 2, while enhancing the activity of alkaline phosphatase, upregulating the expression of receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand, and increasing the serum content of calcium, phosphorus and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase in rats. Additionally, PRED was revealed to inhibit autophagy through the downregulation of Beclin-1, autophagy protein 5 and microtubule-associated protein 1A/1B-light chain 3I/II expression, whereas it induced the apoptosis, through the activation of caspase-3 and the suppression of apoptosis regulator BCL2 expression. Notably, the PRED-induced alterations in bone formation, autophagy and apoptosis were revealed to be attenuated by β-Ecd administration. In conclusion, the findings of the present study suggested that β-Ecd may be a promising candidate for the development of therapeutic strategies for the treatment of osteoporosis, through the induction of autophagy and the inhibition of apoptosis in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang-Hua Tang
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiaoshan TCM Hospital, Xiaoshan, Hangzhou 311201, P.R. China
| | - Zhen-Shuang Yue
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiaoshan TCM Hospital, Xiaoshan, Hangzhou 311201, P.R. China
| | - Da-Wei Xin
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiaoshan TCM Hospital, Xiaoshan, Hangzhou 311201, P.R. China
| | - Lin-Ru Zeng
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiaoshan TCM Hospital, Xiaoshan, Hangzhou 311201, P.R. China
| | - Zhen-Fei Xiong
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiaoshan TCM Hospital, Xiaoshan, Hangzhou 311201, P.R. China
| | - Zhong-Qing Hu
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiaoshan TCM Hospital, Xiaoshan, Hangzhou 311201, P.R. China
| | - Can-Da Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiaoshan TCM Hospital, Xiaoshan, Hangzhou 311201, P.R. China
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26
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Xin Y, Wang H. Serum Metabonomics Analysis of Fuzi Lizhong Decoction for the Treatment of Splenasthenic Syndrome. Chromatographia 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-017-3308-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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27
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Xu J, Chen HB, Li SL. Understanding the Molecular Mechanisms of the Interplay Between Herbal Medicines and Gut Microbiota. Med Res Rev 2017; 37:1140-1185. [PMID: 28052344 DOI: 10.1002/med.21431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 217] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2016] [Revised: 10/21/2016] [Accepted: 11/16/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Herbal medicines (HMs) are much appreciated for their significant contribution to human survival and reproduction by remedial and prophylactic management of diseases. Defining the scientific basis of HMs will substantiate their value and promote their modernization. Ever-increasing evidence suggests that gut microbiota plays a crucial role in HM therapy by complicated interplay with HM components. This interplay includes such activities as: gut microbiota biotransforming HM chemicals into metabolites that harbor different bioavailability and bioactivity/toxicity from their precursors; HM chemicals improving the composition of gut microbiota, consequently ameliorating its dysfunction as well as associated pathological conditions; and gut microbiota mediating the interactions (synergistic and antagonistic) between the multiple chemicals in HMs. More advanced experimental designs are recommended for future study, such as overall chemical characterization of gut microbiota-metabolized HMs, direct microbial analysis of HM-targeted gut microbiota, and precise gut microbiota research model development. The outcomes of such research can further elucidate the interactions between HMs and gut microbiota, thereby opening a new window for defining the scientific basis of HMs and for guiding HM-based drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Xu
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong
| | - Hu-Biao Chen
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong
| | - Song-Lin Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, P.R. China.,Department of Metabolomics, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Jiangsu Branch of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Nanjing, 210028, P.R. China
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28
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Lv H, Jiang F, Guan D, Lu C, Guo B, Chan C, Peng S, Liu B, Guo W, Zhu H, Xu X, Lu A, Zhang G. Metabolomics and Its Application in the Development of Discovering Biomarkers for Osteoporosis Research. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:E2018. [PMID: 27918446 PMCID: PMC5187818 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17122018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2016] [Revised: 11/17/2016] [Accepted: 11/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a progressive skeletal disorder characterized by low bone mass and increased risk of fracture in later life. The incidence and costs associated with treating osteoporosis cause heavy socio-economic burden. Currently, the diagnosis of osteoporosis mainly depends on bone mineral density and bone turnover markers. However, these indexes are not sensitive and accurate enough to reflect the osteoporosis progression. Metabolomics offers the potential for a holistic approach for clinical diagnoses and treatment, as well as understanding of the pathological mechanism of osteoporosis. In this review, we firstly describe the study subjects of osteoporosis and bio-sample preparation procedures for different analytic purposes, followed by illustrating the biomarkers with potentially predictive, diagnosis and pharmaceutical values when applied in osteoporosis research. Then, we summarize the published metabolic pathways related to osteoporosis. Furthermore, we discuss the importance of chronological data and combination of multi-omics in fully understanding osteoporosis. The application of metabolomics in osteoporosis could provide researchers the opportunity to gain new insight into the metabolic profiling and pathophysiological mechanisms. However, there is still much to be done to validate the potential biomarkers responsible for the progression of osteoporosis and there are still many details needed to be further elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanhuan Lv
- Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone & Joint Disease, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong 999077, China.
- Institute of Precision Medicine and Innovative Drug Discovery, HKBU (Haimen) Institute of Science and Technology, Haimen 226133, China.
| | - Feng Jiang
- Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone & Joint Disease, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong 999077, China.
- Institute of Precision Medicine and Innovative Drug Discovery, HKBU (Haimen) Institute of Science and Technology, Haimen 226133, China.
| | - Daogang Guan
- Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone & Joint Disease, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong 999077, China.
| | - Cheng Lu
- Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone & Joint Disease, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong 999077, China.
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China.
| | - Baosheng Guo
- Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone & Joint Disease, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong 999077, China.
| | - Chileung Chan
- Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone & Joint Disease, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong 999077, China.
| | - Songlin Peng
- Deparment of Spine Surgery, Shenzheng People's Hospital, Shenzheng 518020, China.
| | - Baoqin Liu
- Zhengzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450007, China.
| | - Wenwei Guo
- Zhengzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450007, China.
| | - Hailong Zhu
- Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone & Joint Disease, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong 999077, China.
| | - Xuegong Xu
- Zhengzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450007, China.
| | - Aiping Lu
- Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone & Joint Disease, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong 999077, China.
- Institute of Arthritis Research, Shanghai Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guanghua Integrative Medicine Hospital/Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200052, China.
| | - Ge Zhang
- Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone & Joint Disease, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong 999077, China.
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