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Mirsalami SM, Mirsalami M. Effects of duo-strain probiotics on growth, digestion, and gut health in broiler chickens. Vet Anim Sci 2024; 24:100343. [PMID: 38525085 PMCID: PMC10958615 DOI: 10.1016/j.vas.2024.100343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The goal of this inquiry was to analyze the impact of incorporating Enterococcus faecium and Streptococcus thermophilus using a novel premix-spray method on the following aspects: growth rate, digestive enzyme activity, antioxidant levels, gut microbiome composition, and the morphological characteristics of the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum in broiler chickens. Furthermore, this study explored the potential benefits of duo strains of probiotics (DSP) in reducing flatulence, regulating stool microbial population, and improving diarrhea symptoms. A total of 360 one-day-old mixed-sex Plymouth Rock chicks (IW: 51 ± 33 g) were randomly divided into two treatment groups. Each treatment group was further divided into 9 replicated cages, with 20 chicks housed in each cage. The control group (CG) received a basal diet composed of a soy-corn mixture, whereas the experimental group was provided with DSP (CON + 0.5 % probiotic). The results showed that the increase in the body weight of broilers at the end of the fourth week in the control group and the treatment group was 1.576 versus 1.847 kg, respectively. Throughout the 30-day trial period, the DSP diet significantly improved the specific growth rate (SGR), survival rate (SR), and body weight gain (BWG) while decreasing the feed conversion ratio (FCR) (P < 0.05). The DSP diet also enhanced the Enzymatic digestion (protease, amylase, lipase, and trypsin) and antioxidant potential (SOD, MDA, and catalase) of the broilers compared to those in the CG. The results revealed significant enhancements in the tissue morphology of the duodenum and jejunum following the combined treatment for a duration of 4 weeks. The DSP treatments significantly increased microvillus height in the duodenum and jejunum but had no notable effects in the ileum. Incorporating 0.5 % DSP in poultry feed improved the relative abundance of Ruminococcaceae and Faecalibacteriumin, leading to better management of diarrhea and reduced presence of E. coli compared to the control diet. Additionally, including probiotics in the basal diet reduced H2S, CO2, NH3, and CH4 levels. Overall, the study suggests that the new spray-drying approach with these strains has potential for supplementing probiotics in poultry feed processing, and including DSP in broiler chicken diets has beneficial effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Mehrdad Mirsalami
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Islamic Azad University Central Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahsa Mirsalami
- Faculty of Engineering and Technical Sciences, Qazvin Islamic Azad University, Qazvin, Iran
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Jangi S, Hsia K, Zhao N, Kumamoto CA, Friedman S, Singh S, Michaud DS. Dynamics of the Gut Mycobiome in Patients With Ulcerative Colitis. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2024; 22:821-830.e7. [PMID: 37802272 PMCID: PMC10960711 DOI: 10.1016/j.cgh.2023.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Intestinal fungi have been implicated in the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis (UC). However, it remains unclear if fungal composition is altered during active versus quiescent disease. METHODS We analyzed clinical and metagenomic data from the Study of a Prospective Adult Research Cohort with Inflammatory Bowel Disease (SPARC IBD), available via the IBD Plexus Program of the Crohn's & Colitis Foundation. We evaluated the fungal composition of fecal samples from 421 patients with UC during clinical activity and remission. Within a longitudinal subcohort (n = 52), we assessed for dynamic taxonomic changes across alterations in clinical activity over time. We examined if fungal amplicon sequence variants and fungal-bacterial relationships were altered during activity versus remission. Finally, we classified activity in UC using a supervised machine learning random forest model trained on fungal abundance data. RESULTS During clinical activity, the relative abundance of genus Candida was increased 3.5-fold (P-adj < 1 × 10-4) compared with during remission. Patients with longitudinal reductions in clinical activity demonstrated parallel reductions in Candida relative abundance (P < .05). Candida relative abundance correlated with Parabacteroides diastonis, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, and Bacteroides dorei relative abundance (P < .05) during remission; however, these correlations were disrupted during activity. Fungal abundance data successfully classified patients with active or quiescent UC (area under the curve ∼0.80), with Candida relative abundance critical to the success of the model. CONCLUSIONS Clinical activity in UC is associated with an increased relative abundance of Candida, cross-sectionally and dynamically over time. The role of fecal Candida as a target for therapeutics in UC should be evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sushrut Jangi
- Department of Medicine, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts.
| | - Katie Hsia
- Department of Medicine, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Naisi Zhao
- Public Health and Community Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Carol A Kumamoto
- Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Sonia Friedman
- Department of Medicine, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Siddharth Singh
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, California
| | - Dominique S Michaud
- Public Health and Community Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
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Tarique M, Ali AH, Kizhakkayil J, Liu SQ, Oz F, Dertli E, Kamal-Eldin A, Ayyash M. Exopolysaccharides from Enterococcus faecium and Streptococcus thermophilus: Bioactivities, gut microbiome effects, and fermented milk rheology. Food Chem X 2024; 21:101073. [PMID: 38235344 PMCID: PMC10792183 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2023.101073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Exopolysaccharides (EPSs) are carbohydrate polymers that can be produced from probiotic bacteria. This study characterized the EPSs from Enterococcus faecium (EPS-LB13) and Streptococcus thermophilus (EPS-MLB10) and evaluated their biological and technological potential. The EPSs had high molecular weight and different monosaccharide compositions. The EPSs exhibited various biological activities at 250 mg/L, such as scavenging free radicals (10 % to 88.8 %), enhancing antioxidant capacity (714 to 2848 µg/mL), inhibiting pathogens (53 % to 74 %), and suppressing enzymes and cancer cells (2 % to 83 %), etc. The EPSs supported the growth of beneficial gut bacteria from Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, and Acinetobacter in fecal fermentation with total Short-chain fatty acids production from 5548 to 6023 PPM. Moreover, the EPSs reduced the gelation time of fermented skimmed bovine milk by more than half. These results suggest that the EPSs from LB13 and MLB10 have promising applications in the dairy and pharmaceutical industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Tarique
- Department of Food Science, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, United Arab Emirates University (UAEU), Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Abdelmoneim H. Ali
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
| | - Jaleel Kizhakkayil
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University (UAEU), Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Shao-Quan Liu
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Science Drive 2, Singapore 117542, Singapore
| | - Fatih Oz
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Ataturk University, Erzurum 25240, Turkey
| | - Enes Dertli
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Yildiz Technical University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Afaf Kamal-Eldin
- Department of Food Science, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, United Arab Emirates University (UAEU), Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mutamed Ayyash
- Department of Food Science, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, United Arab Emirates University (UAEU), Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
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Zhang M, Shi Z, Wu C, Yang F, Su T, Jing X, Shi J, Ren H, Jiang L, Jiang Y, Zhang C, Zhou W, Zhou Y, Wu K, Zheng S, Zhong X, Wu L, Gu W, Hong J, Wang J, Ning G, Liu R, Zhong H, Zhou W, Wang W. Cushing's Syndrome is associated with Gut Microbial Dysbiosis and Cortisol-Degrading Bacteria. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2023:dgad766. [PMID: 38157274 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgad766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
CONTEXT Cushing's Syndrome (CS) is a severe endocrine disease characterized by excessive secretion of cortisol with multiple metabolic disorders. While gut dysbiosis plays a vital role in metabolic disorders, the role of gut microbiota in CS remains unclear. OBJECTIVE The objective of this work is to examine the alteration of gut microbiota in patients with CS. METHODS We performed shotgun metagenomic sequencing of fecal samples from 78 patients with CS and 78 healthy controls matched for age and body mass index. Furthermore, we verify the cortisol-degradation capacity of Ruminococcus gnavus in vitro and identify the potential metabolite by LC-MC/MS. RESULTS We observed significant differences in microbial composition between CS and controls in both sexes, with CS showing reduced Bacteroidetes (Bacteroides vulgatus) and elevated Firmicutes (Erysipelotrichaceae_bacterium_6_1_45) and Proteobacteria (Enterobacter cloacae). Despite distinct causes of hypercortisolism in ACTH-dependent and ACTH-independent CS, we found no significant differences in metabolic profiles or gut microbiota between the two subgroups. Furthermore, we identified a group of gut species, including R. gnavus, were positively correlated with cortisol levels in CS. These bacteria were found to harbor cortisol-degrading desAB genes and were consistently enriched in CS. Moreover, we demonstrated the efficient capacity of R. gnavus to degrade cortisol to 11-oxygenated androgens in vitro. CONCLUSIONS This study provides evidence of gut microbial dysbiosis in patients with CS and identifies a group of CS-enriched bacteria capable of degrading cortisol. These findings highlight the potential role of gut microbiota in regulating host steroid hormone levels, and consequently host health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minchun Zhang
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumors, Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Zhun Shi
- BGI Research, Shenzhen 518083, China
| | - Chao Wu
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumors, Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | | | - Tingwei Su
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumors, Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Xiaohuan Jing
- China National GeneBank, BGI Research, Shenzhen 518120, China
| | - Juan Shi
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumors, Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | | | - Lei Jiang
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumors, Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Yiran Jiang
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumors, Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Cui Zhang
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumors, Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Wenzhong Zhou
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumors, Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Yijing Zhou
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumors, Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Kui Wu
- BGI Research, Shenzhen 518083, China
| | - Sichang Zheng
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumors, Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Xu Zhong
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumors, Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Luming Wu
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumors, Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Weiqiong Gu
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumors, Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Jie Hong
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumors, Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Jiqiu Wang
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumors, Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Guang Ning
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumors, Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Ruixin Liu
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumors, Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | | | - Weiwei Zhou
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumors, Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Weiqing Wang
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumors, Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
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Li K, Jiang Y, Wang N, Lai L, Xu S, Xia T, Yue X, Xin H. Traditional Chinese Medicine in Osteoporosis Intervention and the Related Regulatory Mechanism of Gut Microbiome. Am J Chin Med 2023; 51:1957-1981. [PMID: 37884447 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x23500866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
The gut microbiome (GM) has become a crucial factor that can affect the progression of osteoporosis. A number of studies have demonstrated the impact of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) on GM and bone metabolism. In this review, we summarize the potential mechanisms of the relationship between osteoporosis and GM disorder and introduce several natural Chinese medicines that exert anti-osteoporosis effects by modulating the GM. It is underlined that, through the provision of the microbial associated molecular pattern (MAMP), the GM causes inflammatory reactions and alterations in the Treg-Th17 balance and ultimately leads to changes in bone mass. Serotonin and many hormones, especially estrogen, may play a crucial role in the interaction of the GM with bone metabolism. Additionally, the GM may affect the absorption of specific nutrients in the intestine, particularly minerals like calcium, magnesium, and phosphorus. Several natural Chinese herbs, such as Sambucus Williamsii, Achyranthes bidentata Blume, Pleurotus ostreatus and Ganoderma lucidum mushrooms, Pueraria Lobata, and Agaricus blazei Murill have exhibited anti-osteoporosis effects through regulating the distribution and metabolism of the GM. These herbs may increase the abundance of Firmicutes, decrease the abundance of Bacteroides, promote the GM to produce more SCFAs, modulate the immune response caused by harmful bacteria, and increase the proportion of Treg-Th17 to indirectly affect bone metabolism. Moreover, gut-derived 5-HT is an important target for TCM to prevent osteoporosis via the gut-bone axis. Puerarin could prevent osteoporosis by improving intestinal mucosal integrity and decrease systemic inflammation caused by estrogen deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Li
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, P. R. China
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Yiping Jiang
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Nani Wang
- Department of Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Liyong Lai
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Shengyan Xu
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Tianshuang Xia
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoqiang Yue
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Hailiang Xin
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, P. R. China
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Rubio C, Ochoa E, Gatica F, Portilla A, Vázquez D, Rubio-Osornio M. The Role of the Vagus Nerve in the Microbiome and Digestive System in Relation to Epilepsy. Curr Med Chem 2023; 31:CMC-EPUB-135364. [PMID: 37855342 DOI: 10.2174/0109298673260479231010044020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
The Enteric Nervous System (ENS) is described as a division of the Peripheral Nervous System (PNS), located within the gut wall and it is formed by two main plexuses: the myenteric plexus (Auerbach's) and the submucosal plexus (Meissner's). The contribution of the ENS to the pathophysiology of various neurological diseases such as Parkinson's or Alzheimer's disease has been described in the literature, while some other studies have found a connection between epilepsy and the gastrointestinal tract. The above could be explained by cholinergic neurons and neurotransmission systems in the myenteric and submucosal plexuses, regulating the vagal excitability effect. It is also understandable, as the discharges arising in the amygdala are transmitted to the intestine through projections the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus, giving rise to efferent fibers that stimulate the gastrointestinal tract and consequently the symptoms at this level. Therefore, this review's main objective is to argue in favor of the existing relationship of the ENS with the Central Nervous System (CNS) as a facilitator of epileptogenic or ictogenic mechanisms. The gut microbiota also participates in this interaction; however, it depends on many individual factors of each human being. The link between the ENS and the CNS is a poorly studied epileptogenic site with a big impact on one of the most prevalent neurological conditions such as epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Rubio
- Departamento de Neurofisiología, Instituto Nacional de Neurologìa y Neurocirugía, Mexico city, Mexico
| | - Ernesto Ochoa
- Departamento de Neurofisiología, Instituto Nacional de Neurologìa y Neurocirugía, Mexico city, Mexico
| | - Fernando Gatica
- Departamento de Neurofisiología, Instituto Nacional de Neurologìa y Neurocirugía, Mexico city, Mexico
- Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Alonso Portilla
- Departamento de Neurofisiología, Instituto Nacional de Neurologìa y Neurocirugía, Mexico city, Mexico
- Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
| | - David Vázquez
- Departamento de Neurofisiología, Instituto Nacional de Neurologìa y Neurocirugía, Mexico city, Mexico
- Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Moisés Rubio-Osornio
- Departamento de Neuroquímica, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Mexico city, Mexico
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7
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Jin Y, Chi J, LoMonaco K, Boon A, Gu H. Recent Review on Selected Xenobiotics and Their Impacts on Gut Microbiome and Metabolome. Trends Analyt Chem 2023; 166:117155. [PMID: 37484879 PMCID: PMC10361410 DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2023.117155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
As it is well known, the gut is one of the primary sites in any host for xenobiotics, and the many microbial metabolites responsible for the interactions between the gut microbiome and the host. However, there is a growing concern about the negative impacts on human health induced by toxic xenobiotics. Metabolomics, broadly including lipidomics, is an emerging approach to studying thousands of metabolites in parallel. In this review, we summarized recent advancements in mass spectrometry (MS) technologies in metabolomics. In addition, we reviewed recent applications of MS-based metabolomics for the investigation of toxic effects of xenobiotics on microbial and host metabolism. It was demonstrated that metabolomics, gut microbiome profiling, and their combination have a high potential to identify metabolic and microbial markers of xenobiotic exposure and determine its mechanism. Further, there is increasing evidence supporting that reprogramming the gut microbiome could be a promising approach to the intervention of xenobiotic toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Jin
- Center for Translational Science, Florida International University, Port St. Lucie, FL 34987, USA
| | - Jinhua Chi
- Center for Translational Science, Florida International University, Port St. Lucie, FL 34987, USA
| | - Kaelene LoMonaco
- Center for Translational Science, Florida International University, Port St. Lucie, FL 34987, USA
| | - Alexandria Boon
- Center for Translational Science, Florida International University, Port St. Lucie, FL 34987, USA
| | - Haiwei Gu
- Center for Translational Science, Florida International University, Port St. Lucie, FL 34987, USA
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Pantoja-Feliciano De Goodfellow IG, Agans R, Barbato R, Colston S, Goodson MS, Hammamieh R, Hentchel K, Jones R, Karl JP, Kokoska R, Leary DH, Mauzy C, Racicot K, Stamps BW, Varaljay V, Soares JW. Meeting report of the sixth annual tri-service microbiome consortium symposium. Environ Microbiome 2023; 18:66. [PMID: 37533117 PMCID: PMC10399065 DOI: 10.1186/s40793-023-00523-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
The Tri-Service Microbiome Consortium (TSMC) was founded to enhance collaboration, coordination, and communication of microbiome research among DoD organizations and to facilitate resource, material and information sharing amongst consortium members, which includes collaborators in academia and industry. The 6th Annual TSMC Symposium was a hybrid meeting held in Fairlee, Vermont on 27-28 September 2022 with presentations and discussions centered on microbiome-related topics within seven broad thematic areas: (1) Human Microbiomes: Stress Response; (2) Microbiome Analysis & Surveillance; (3) Human Microbiomes Enablers & Engineering; (4) Human Microbiomes: Countermeasures; (5) Human Microbiomes Discovery - Earth & Space; (6) Environmental Micro & Myco-biome; and (7) Environmental Microbiome Analysis & Engineering. Collectively, the symposium provided an update on the scope of current DoD microbiome research efforts, highlighted innovative research being done in academia and industry that can be leveraged by the DoD, and fostered collaborative opportunities. This report summarizes the activities and outcomes from the 6th annual TSMC symposium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ida G Pantoja-Feliciano De Goodfellow
- Soldier Effectiveness Directorate, United States Army Combat Capabilities Development Command Soldier Center, 10 General Greene Ave, Natick, MA, 01760, USA
| | - Richard Agans
- 711th Human Performance Wing, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson AFB, Dayton, OH, USA
| | - Robyn Barbato
- United States Army ERDC Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Sophie Colston
- United States Naval Research Laboratory, Washington D.C., USA
| | - Michael S Goodson
- 711th Human Performance Wing, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson AFB, Dayton, OH, USA
| | - Rasha Hammamieh
- Medical Readiness Systems Biology, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | | | - Robert Jones
- United States Army ERDC Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA
| | - J Philip Karl
- Military Nutrition Division, United States Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, MA, USA
| | - Robert Kokoska
- Physical Sciences Directorate, United States Army Research Laboratory, United States Army Research Office, Research Triangle Park, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Dagmar H Leary
- United States Naval Research Laboratory, Washington D.C., USA
| | - Camilla Mauzy
- 711th Human Performance Wing, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson AFB, Dayton, OH, USA
| | - Kenneth Racicot
- Soldier Effectiveness Directorate, United States Army Combat Capabilities Development Command Soldier Center, 10 General Greene Ave, Natick, MA, 01760, USA
| | - Blake W Stamps
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson AFB, Dayton, OH, USA
| | - Vanessa Varaljay
- 711th Human Performance Wing, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson AFB, Dayton, OH, USA
| | - Jason W Soares
- Soldier Effectiveness Directorate, United States Army Combat Capabilities Development Command Soldier Center, 10 General Greene Ave, Natick, MA, 01760, USA.
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Omotosho AO, Tajudeen YA, Oladipo HJ, Yusuff SI, AbdulKadir M, Muili AO, Egbewande OM, Yusuf RO, Faniran ZO, Afolabi AO, El‐Sherbini MS. Parkinson's disease: Are gut microbes involved? Brain Behav 2023; 13:e3130. [PMID: 37340511 PMCID: PMC10454343 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.3130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that affects more than 10 million individuals worldwide. It is characterized by motor and sensory deficits. Research studies have increasingly demonstrated a correlation between Parkinson's disease and alternations in the composition of the gut microbiota in affected patients. Also, the significant role of prebiotics and probiotics in gastrointestinal and neurological conditions is imperative to understand their relation to Parkinson's disease. METHOD To explore the scientific interaction of the gut-microbiota-brain axis and its association with Parkinson's disease, a comprehensive narrative review of the relevant literature was conducted. Articles were retrieved systematically from reputable sources, including PubMed, Science Direct, World Health Organization (WHO), and Advanced Google Scholar. Key search terms included are "Parkinson's Disease", "Gut Microbiome", "Braak's Theory", "Neurological Disorders", and "Gut-brain axis". Articles included in our review are published in English and they provide detailed information on the relationship between Parkinson's disease and gut microbiota RESULTS: This review highlights the impact of gut microbiota composition and associated factors on the progression of Parkinson's disease. Evidence-based studies highlighting the existing evidence of the relationship between Parkinson's disease and alteration in gut microbiota are discussed. Consequently, the potential mechanisms by which the gut microbiota may affect the composition of the gut microbiota were revealed, with a particular emphasis on the role of the gut-brain axis in this interplay. CONCLUSION Understanding the complex interplay between gut microbiota and Parkinson's disease is a potential implication for the development of novel therapeutics against Parkinson's disease. Following the existing relationship demonstrated by different evidence-based studies on Parkinson's disease and gut microbiota, our review concludes by providing recommendations and suggestions for future research studies with a particular emphasis on the impact of the microbiota-brain axis on Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abass Olawale Omotosho
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pure and Applied SciencesKwara State University, Malete‐IlorinIlorinNigeria
| | - Yusuf Amuda Tajudeen
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Life SciencesUniversity of IlorinIlorinNigeria
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of IlorinIlorinNigeria
| | - Habeebullah Jayeola Oladipo
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Life SciencesUniversity of IlorinIlorinNigeria
- Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Faculty of Public Health, College of MedicineUniversity of IbadanIbadanNigeria
| | - Sodiq Inaolaji Yusuff
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Clinical SciencesObafemi Awolowo UniversityIfeNigeria
| | - Muritala AbdulKadir
- Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Faculty of Public Health, College of MedicineUniversity of IbadanIbadanNigeria
| | | | - Oluwaseyi Muyiwa Egbewande
- Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Faculty of Public Health, College of MedicineUniversity of IbadanIbadanNigeria
| | - Rashidat Onyinoyi Yusuf
- Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Faculty of Public Health, College of MedicineUniversity of IbadanIbadanNigeria
| | | | - Abdullateef Opeyemi Afolabi
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Microbiology and ImmunologyKampala International UniversityBushenyiUganda
| | - Mona Said El‐Sherbini
- Narrative Medicine and Planetary Health, Integrated Program of Kasr Al-Ainy (IPKA), Faculty of MedicineCairo UniversityCairoEgypt
- Invited Facultythe Nova Institute for HealthBaltimoreMDUSA
- Department of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of MedicineCairo UniversityCairoEgypt
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10
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Binvignat M, Emond P, Mifsud F, Miao B, Courties A, Lefèvre A, Maheu E, Crema MD, Klatzmann D, Kloppenburg M, Richette P, Butte AJ, Mariotti-Ferrandiz E, Berenbaum F, Sokol H, Sellam J. Serum Tryptophan Metabolites are Associated with Erosive Hand Osteoarthritis and Pain: Results from the DIGICOD Cohort. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2023:S1063-4584(23)00761-6. [PMID: 37105396 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2023.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate host and gut-microbiota related Tryptophan metabolism in hand osteoarthritis (HOA). METHODS The baseline serum concentration of 20 Tryptophan metabolites was measured in 416 HOA patients in a cross-sectional analysis of the DIGICOD cohort. Tryptophan metabolites levels, metabolite-ratios and metabolism pathway activation were compared between erosive (N=141) and non-erosive HOA (N=275) by multiple logistic regressions adjusted on age, BMI and sex. The association between Tryptophan metabolite levels and HOA symptoms was investigated by a Spearman's rank correlation analysis. RESULTS Four serum Tryptophan metabolites, eight metabolite ratios and one metabolism pathway were associated with erosive HOA. Erosive HOA was negatively associated with Tryptophan (odds ratio (OR)=0.41, 95% confidence interval [0.24-0.70]), indole-3-aldehyde (OR=0.67 [0.51-0.90]) and 3-OH-anthranilic acid (OR=1.32 [1.13-1.54]) and positively with 5-OH-Tryptophan levels (OR=1.41 [1.13-1.77]). The pro-inflammatory kynurenine-indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase pathway was upregulated in erosive HOA (OR=1.60 [1.11-2.29]). Eleven metabolites were correlated with HOA symptoms and were mostly pain-related. Serotonin and N-acetyl serotonin levels were negatively correlated with number of tender joints. Indole-3-aldehyde level was negatively correlated and 3-OH-anthranilic acid, 3-OH-kynurenine and 5-OH-Tryptophan levels were positively correlated with number of patients-reported painful joints. Quinolinic acid and 3-OH-kynurenine levels correlated positively with AUSCAN pain. CONCLUSIONS Tryptophan metabolites disturbance is associated with erosive HOA and pain and emphasize the role of low-grade inflammation and gut dysbiosis in HOA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Binvignat
- Department of Rheumatology, Sorbonne Université, Saint-Antoine Hospital, INSERM UMRS-938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France; Immunology, Immunopathology, Immunotherapy I3 Lab, Inserm URMS 959, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France; Bakar Computational Health Science Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco,CA, USA; Paris Center for Microbiome Medicine (PaCeMM) FHU, Paris, France
| | - Patrick Emond
- IBrain Lab, Inserm UMR 1253 Université de Tours, Tours France; Department of Nuclear Medicine, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Tours, Tours France
| | - Francois Mifsud
- Université de Paris, BFA, CNRS UMR 8251, 75013 Paris, France; Diabetes Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Brenda Miao
- Bakar Computational Health Science Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco,CA, USA
| | - Alice Courties
- Department of Rheumatology, Sorbonne Université, Saint-Antoine Hospital, INSERM UMRS-938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France; Paris Center for Microbiome Medicine (PaCeMM) FHU, Paris, France
| | - Antoine Lefèvre
- IBrain Lab, Inserm UMR 1253 Université de Tours, Tours France
| | - Emmanuel Maheu
- Department of Rheumatology, Sorbonne Université, Saint-Antoine Hospital, INSERM UMRS-938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France
| | - Michel D Crema
- Institute of Sports Imaging, French National Institute of Sports (INSEP), Paris, France
| | - David Klatzmann
- Immunology, Immunopathology, Immunotherapy I3 Lab, Inserm URMS 959, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France; Biotherapy (CIC-BTi) and Inflammation-Immunopathology-Biotherapy Department (i2B), Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France
| | - Margreet Kloppenburg
- Departments of Rheumatology and Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Pascal Richette
- Department of Rheumatology, Lariboisière Hospital, INSERM U1132, Université de Paris, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France
| | - Atul J Butte
- Bakar Computational Health Science Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco,CA, USA
| | - Encarnita Mariotti-Ferrandiz
- Immunology, Immunopathology, Immunotherapy I3 Lab, Inserm URMS 959, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Francis Berenbaum
- Department of Rheumatology, Sorbonne Université, Saint-Antoine Hospital, INSERM UMRS-938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France; Paris Center for Microbiome Medicine (PaCeMM) FHU, Paris, France
| | - Harry Sokol
- Paris Center for Microbiome Medicine (PaCeMM) FHU, Paris, France; Department of Gastroenterology Sorbonne Université, Saint Antoine Hospital, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA) INSERM UMRS-938, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France; Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Jérémie Sellam
- Department of Rheumatology, Sorbonne Université, Saint-Antoine Hospital, INSERM UMRS-938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France; Paris Center for Microbiome Medicine (PaCeMM) FHU, Paris, France.
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11
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Ku T, Liu Y, Xie Y, Hu J, Hou Y, Tan X, Ning X, Li G, Sang N. Tebuconazole mediates cognitive impairment via the microbe-gut-brain axis (MGBA) in mice. Environ Int 2023; 173:107821. [PMID: 36827814 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.107821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Tebuconazole, one of the most widely used triazole fungicides, is reported to potentially pose a risk of inducing neurological disorders in human beings. Considering the increasing exposure, whether it could influence cognitive function remains to be elucidated. Herein, we used a mouse model to evaluate the potential cognitive risks and possible mechanisms from the continuous edible application of tebuconazole at low concentrations. Our study revealed that tebuconazole deteriorated spatial learning and memory and downregulated the expression of glutamate receptor subunits. Importantly, metagenomic analysis indicated that tebuconazole not only led to significant shifts in the composition and diversity of the gut microbiota but also changed intestinal homeostasis. Specifically, after exposure, tebuconazole circulated in the bloodstream and largely entered the gut-brain axis for disruption, including disturbing the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio, interrelated neurotransmitters and systemic immune factors. Moreover, pretreatment with probiotics improved immune factor expression and restored the deterioration of synaptic function and spatial learning and memory. The current study provides novel insights concerning perturbations of the gut microbiome and its functions as a potential new mechanism by which tebuconazole exposes cognitive function-related human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Ku
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China
| | - Yutong Liu
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China
| | - Yuanyuan Xie
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China
| | - Jindong Hu
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China
| | - Yanwen Hou
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China
| | - Xin Tan
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China
| | - Xia Ning
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China
| | - Guangke Li
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China.
| | - Nan Sang
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China.
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12
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Hajihosseini M, Amini P, Saidi-Mehrabad A, Dinu I. Infants' gut microbiome data: A Bayesian Marginal Zero-inflated Negative Binomial regression model for multivariate analyses of count data. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2023; 21:1621-1629. [PMID: 36860341 PMCID: PMC9969297 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2023.02.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The infants' gut microbiome is dynamic in nature. Literature has shown high inter-individual variability of gut microbial composition in the early years of infancy compared to adulthood. Although next-generation sequencing technologies are rapidly evolving, several statistical analysis aspects need to be addressed to capture the variability and dynamic nature of the infants' gut microbiome. In this study, we proposed a Bayesian Marginal Zero-inflated Negative Binomial (BAMZINB) model, addressing complexities associated with zero-inflation and multivariate structure of the infants' gut microbiome data. Here, we simulated 32 scenarios to compare the performance of BAMZINB with glmFit and BhGLM as the two other widely similar methods in the literature in handling zero-inflation, over-dispersion, and multivariate structure of the infants' gut microbiome. Then, we showed the performance of the BAMZINB approach on a real dataset using SKOT cohort (I and II) studies. Our simulation results showed that the BAMZINB model performed as well as those two methods in estimating the average abundance difference and had a better fit for almost all scenarios when the signal and sample size were large. Applying BAMZINB on SKOT cohorts showed remarkable changes in the average absolute abundance of specific bacteria from 9 to 18 months for infants of healthy and obese mothers. In conclusion, we recommend using the BAMZINB approach for infants' gut microbiome data taking zero-inflation and over-dispersion properties into account in multivariate analysis when comparing the average abundance difference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morteza Hajihosseini
- Stanford Department of Urology, Center for Academic Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94304
| | - Payam Amini
- Department of Biostatistics, School of public Health, IRAN University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Irina Dinu
- School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada,Correspondence to: School of Public Health, University of Alberta, 3-278 Edmonton Clinic Health Academy, 11405 - 87 Ave NW, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1C9, Canada.
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13
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Nagata N, Takeuchi T, Masuoka H, Aoki R, Ishikane M, Iwamoto N, Sugiyama M, Suda W, Nakanishi Y, Terada-Hirashima J, Kimura M, Nishijima T, Inooka H, Miyoshi-Akiyama T, Kojima Y, Shimokawa C, Hisaeda H, Zhang F, Yeoh YK, Ng SC, Uemura N, Itoi T, Mizokami M, Kawai T, Sugiyama H, Ohmagari N, Ohno H. Human Gut Microbiota and Its Metabolites Impact Immune Responses in COVID-19 and Its Complications. Gastroenterology 2023; 164:272-288. [PMID: 36155191 PMCID: PMC9499989 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2022.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS We investigate interrelationships between gut microbes, metabolites, and cytokines that characterize COVID-19 and its complications, and we validate the results with follow-up, the Japanese 4D (Disease, Drug, Diet, Daily Life) microbiome cohort, and non-Japanese data sets. METHODS We performed shotgun metagenomic sequencing and metabolomics on stools and cytokine measurements on plasma from 112 hospitalized patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection and 112 non-COVID-19 control individuals matched by important confounders. RESULTS Multiple correlations were found between COVID-19-related microbes (eg, oral microbes and short-chain fatty acid producers) and gut metabolites (eg, branched-chain and aromatic amino acids, short-chain fatty acids, carbohydrates, neurotransmitters, and vitamin B6). Both were also linked to inflammatory cytokine dynamics (eg, interferon γ, interferon λ3, interleukin 6, CXCL-9, and CXCL-10). Such interrelationships were detected highly in severe disease and pneumonia; moderately in the high D-dimer level, kidney dysfunction, and liver dysfunction groups; but rarely in the diarrhea group. We confirmed concordances of altered metabolites (eg, branched-chain amino acids, spermidine, putrescine, and vitamin B6) in COVID-19 with their corresponding microbial functional genes. Results in microbial and metabolomic alterations with severe disease from the cross-sectional data set were partly concordant with those from the follow-up data set. Microbial signatures for COVID-19 were distinct from diabetes, inflammatory bowel disease, and proton-pump inhibitors but overlapping for rheumatoid arthritis. Random forest classifier models using microbiomes can highly predict COVID-19 and severe disease. The microbial signatures for COVID-19 showed moderate concordance between Hong Kong and Japan. CONCLUSIONS Multiomics analysis revealed multiple gut microbe-metabolite-cytokine interrelationships in COVID-19 and COVID-19related complications but few in gastrointestinal complications, suggesting microbiota-mediated immune responses distinct between the organ sites. Our results underscore the existence of a gut-lung axis in COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoyoshi Nagata
- Department of Gastroenterological Endoscopy, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Tadashi Takeuchi
- Laboratory for Intestinal Ecosystem, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Masuoka
- Laboratory for Microbiome Sciences, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Ryo Aoki
- Mechanism-based Research Laboratory, Ezaki Glico Co, Ltd, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masahiro Ishikane
- Disease Control and Prevention Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Noriko Iwamoto
- Disease Control and Prevention Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaya Sugiyama
- Genome Medical Sciences Project, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Ichikawa, Japan,Department of Viral Pathogenesis and Controls, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Ichikawa, Japan
| | - Wataru Suda
- Laboratory for Microbiome Sciences, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yumiko Nakanishi
- Laboratory for Intestinal Ecosystem, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Junko Terada-Hirashima
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Moto Kimura
- Department of Clinical Research Strategic Planning Center for Clinical Sciences, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Hiroshi Inooka
- Mechanism-based Research Laboratory, Ezaki Glico Co, Ltd, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tohru Miyoshi-Akiyama
- Pathogenic Microbe Laboratory, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasushi Kojima
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Chikako Shimokawa
- Department of Parasitology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hajime Hisaeda
- Department of Parasitology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Fen Zhang
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Institute of Digestive Disease, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, LKS Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China,Microbiota I-Center, Hong Kong, China,Center for Gut Microbiota Research, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yun Kit Yeoh
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Institute of Digestive Disease, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, LKS Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China,Microbiota I-Center, Hong Kong, China,Center for Gut Microbiota Research, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Siew C. Ng
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Institute of Digestive Disease, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, LKS Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China,Microbiota I-Center, Hong Kong, China,Center for Gut Microbiota Research, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Naomi Uemura
- Department of Gastroenterological Endoscopy, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan,Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Kohnodai Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takao Itoi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masashi Mizokami
- Genome Medical Sciences Project, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Ichikawa, Japan
| | - Takashi Kawai
- Department of Gastroenterological Endoscopy, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Haruhito Sugiyama
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Norio Ohmagari
- Disease Control and Prevention Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ohno
- Laboratory for Intestinal Ecosystem, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan; Laboratory for Microbiome Sciences, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan.
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14
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Bushyhead D, Quigley EMM. Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth-Pathophysiology and Its Implications for Definition and Management. Gastroenterology 2022; 163:593-607. [PMID: 35398346 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2022.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The concept of small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) arose in the context of maldigestion and malabsorption among patients with obvious risk factors that permitted the small bowel to be colonized by potentially injurious colonic microbiota. Such colonization resulted in clinical signs, symptoms, and laboratory abnormalities that were explicable within a coherent pathophysiological framework. Coincident with advances in medical science, diagnostic testing evolved from small bowel culture to breath tests and on to next-generation, culture-independent microbial analytics. The advent and ready availability of breath tests generated a dramatic expansion in both the rate of diagnosis of SIBO and the range of associated gastrointestinal and nongastrointestinal clinical scenarios. However, issues with the specificity of these same breath tests have clouded their interpretation and aroused some skepticism regarding the role of SIBO in this expanded clinical repertoire. Furthermore, the pathophysiological plausibility that underpins SIBO as a cause of maldigestion/malabsorption is lacking in regard to its purported role in irritable bowel syndrome, for example. One hopes that the application of an ever-expanding armamentarium of modern molecular microbiology to the human small intestinal microbiome in both health and disease will ultimately resolve this impasse and provide an objective basis for the diagnosis of SIBO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Bushyhead
- Lynda K. and David M. Underwood Center for Digestive Disorders, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Houston Methodist Hospital and Weill Cornell Medical College, Houston, Texas.
| | - Eamonn M M Quigley
- Lynda K. and David M. Underwood Center for Digestive Disorders, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Houston Methodist Hospital and Weill Cornell Medical College, Houston, Texas
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15
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Garg Y, Kanwar N, Dodiya H, Chopra S, Tambuwala M, Bhatia A, Kanwal A. Microbiome Medicine: Microbiota in Development and Management of Cardiovascular Diseases. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets 2022; 22:1344-1356. [PMID: 35761484 DOI: 10.2174/1871530322666220624161712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The gut microbiome consists of the trillions of bacteria and other microbes whose metabolic activities and interactions with the immune system go beyond the gut itself. We are all aware that bacteria and other microorganisms have a significant impact on our health. Also, health of the bacteria directly reflects the health status of the body where they reside. Eventually, alterations in the microbiome at different sites of a body is associated with many different diseases such as obesity, IBD, malnutrition, CVD, etc. Microbiota directly or indirectly affects the heart with formation of plaques in the blood vessels and cell wall become prone to the lesion development. This ultimately leads to heighten the overall inflammatory status via increased bacterial translocation. Metabolites derived from the gut microbial metabolism of choline, phosphatidylcholine, and L-carnitine directly contribute to CVD pathology. These dietary nutrients have trimethylamine (TMA) moiety, which participates in the development of atherosclerotic heart disease. The objective of this review was to examine various metabolic pathways regulated by the gut microbiome that appear to alter heart function and lead to the development and progression of cardiovascular diseases, as well as how to target the gut microbiome for a healthier heart. In this review, we had also discussed about various clinical drugs having crosstalk between microbiota and heart and clinical trials for gut-heart microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yogesh Garg
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Maharaja Ranjit Singh Punjab Technical University, Bathinda, Punjab-151001, India
| | - Navjot Kanwar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Maharaja Ranjit Singh Punjab Technical University, Bathinda, Punjab-151001, India
| | - Hemraj Dodiya
- Department of Neurobiology, The university of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois-60637, USA
| | - Shruti Chopra
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy. Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh-201303, India
| | - Murtaza Tambuwala
- School of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Life & Health Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine- BT521SA, United Kingdom
| | - Amit Bhatia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Maharaja Ranjit Singh Punjab Technical University, Bathinda, Punjab-151001, India
| | - Abhinav Kanwal
- Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bathinda, Punjab-151001, India
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Bauer KC, Littlejohn PT, Ayala V, Creus-Cuadros A, Finlay BB. Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and the Gut-Liver Axis: Exploring an Undernutrition Perspective. Gastroenterology 2022; 162:1858-1875.e2. [PMID: 35248539 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2022.01.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a chronic condition affecting one quarter of the global population. Although primarily linked to obesity and metabolic syndrome, undernutrition and the altered (dysbiotic) gut microbiome influence NAFLD progression. Both undernutrition and NAFLD prevalence are predicted to considerably increase, but how the undernourished gut microbiome contributes to hepatic pathophysiology remains far less studied. Here, we present undernutrition conditions with fatty liver features, including kwashiorkor and micronutrient deficiency. We then review the gut microbiota-liver axis, highlighting key pathways linked to NAFLD progression within both overnutrition and undernutrition. To conclude, we identify challenges and collaborative possibilities of emerging multiomic research addressing the pathology and treatment of undernourished NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kylynda C Bauer
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Thoracic and Gastrointestinal Malignancies Branch, National Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute, Center for Cancer Research, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Paula T Littlejohn
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Victoria Ayala
- Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida (IRB-Lleida), Lleida, Spain; Department of Experimental Medicine, Universitat de Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Anna Creus-Cuadros
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - B Brett Finlay
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
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17
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Attaye I, Warmbrunn MV, Boot ANAF, van der Wolk SC, Hutten BA, Daams JG, Herrema H, Nieuwdorp M. A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Dietary Interventions Modulating Gut Microbiota and Cardiometabolic Diseases-Striving for New Standards in Microbiome Studies. Gastroenterology 2022; 162:1911-1932. [PMID: 35151697 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2022.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Cardiometabolic diseases (CMDs) have shared properties and causes. Insulin resistance is a risk factor and characteristic of CMDs and has been suggested to be modulated by plasma metabolites derived from gut microbiota (GM). Because diet is among the most important modulators of GM, we performed a systematic review of the literature to assess whether CMDs can be modulated via dietary interventions targeting the GM. METHODS A systematic review of the literature for clinical studies was performed on Ovid MEDLINE and Ovid Embase. Studies were assessed for risk of bias and patterns of intervention effects. A meta-analysis with random effects models was used to evaluate the effect of dietary interventions on clinical outcomes. RESULTS Our search yielded 4444 unique articles, from which 15 randomized controlled trials and 6 nonrandomized clinical trials were included. The overall risk of bias was high in all studies. In general, most dietary interventions changed the GM composition, but no consistent effect could be found. Results of the meta-analyses showed that only diastolic blood pressure is decreased across interventions compared with controls (mean difference: -3.63 mm Hg; 95% confidence interval, -7.09 to -0.17; I2 = 0%, P = .04) and that a high-fiber diet was associated with reduced triglyceride levels (mean difference: -0.69 mmol/L; 95% confidence interval, -1.36 to -0.02; I2 = 59%, P = .04). Other CMD parameters were not affected. CONCLUSIONS Dietary interventions modulate GM composition, blood pressure, and circulating triglycerides. However, current studies have a high methodological heterogeneity and risk of bias. Well-designed and controlled studies are thus necessary to better understand the complex interaction between diet, microbiome, and CMDs. PROSPERO CRD42020188405.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilias Attaye
- Department of Internal and Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location AMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Moritz V Warmbrunn
- Department of Internal and Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location AMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Aureline N A F Boot
- Department of Internal and Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location AMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Suze C van der Wolk
- Department of Internal and Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location AMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Barbara A Hutten
- Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location AMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Joost G Daams
- Medical Library, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location AMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Hilde Herrema
- Department of Internal and Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location AMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Max Nieuwdorp
- Department of Internal and Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location AMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
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18
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Priyadarshini M, Navarro G, Reiman DJ, Sharma A, Xu K, Lednovich K, Manzella CR, Khan MW, Garcia MS, Allard S, Wicksteed B, Chlipala GE, Szynal B, Bernabe BP, Maki PM, Gill RK, Perdew GH, Gilbert J, Dai Y, Layden BT. Gestational Insulin Resistance Is Mediated by the Gut Microbiome-Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase Axis. Gastroenterology 2022; 162:1675-1689.e11. [PMID: 35032499 PMCID: PMC9040389 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2022.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Normal gestation involves a reprogramming of the maternal gut microbiome (GM) that contributes to maternal metabolic changes by unclear mechanisms. This study aimed to understand the mechanistic underpinnings of the GM-maternal metabolism interaction. METHODS The GM and plasma metabolome of CD1, NIH-Swiss, and C57 mice were analyzed with the use of 16S rRNA sequencing and untargeted liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry throughout gestation. Pharmacologic and genetic knockout mouse models were used to identify the role of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO1) in pregnancy-associated insulin resistance (IR). Involvement of gestational GM was studied with the use of fecal microbial transplants (FMTs). RESULTS Significant variation in GM alpha diversity occurred throughout pregnancy. Enrichment in gut bacterial taxa was mouse strain and pregnancy time point specific, with the species enriched at gestation day 15/19 (G15/19), a point of heightened IR, being distinct from those enriched before or after pregnancy. Metabolomics revealed elevated plasma kynurenine at G15/19 in all 3 mouse strains. IDO1, the rate-limiting enzyme for kynurenine production, had increased intestinal expression at G15, which was associated with mild systemic and gut inflammation. Pharmacologic and genetic inhibition of IDO1 inhibited kynurenine levels and reversed pregnancy-associated IR. FMT revealed that IDO1 induction and local kynurenine level effects on IR derive from the GM in both mouse and human pregnancy. CONCLUSIONS GM changes accompanying pregnancy shift IDO1-dependent tryptophan metabolism toward kynurenine production, intestinal inflammation, and gestational IR, a phenotype reversed by genetic deletion or inhibition of IDO1. (Gestational Gut Microbiome-IDO1 Axis Mediates Pregnancy Insulin Resistance; EMBL-ENA ID: PRJEB45047. MetaboLights ID: MTBLS3598).
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Affiliation(s)
- Medha Priyadarshini
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism and UIC, Chicago-IL, U.S.A
| | - Guadalupe Navarro
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism and UIC, Chicago-IL, U.S.A
| | - Derek J Reiman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, UIC, Chicago-IL, U.S.A
| | - Anukriti Sharma
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Main Campus, Cleveland-OH, U.S.A
| | - Kai Xu
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism and UIC, Chicago-IL, U.S.A
| | - Kristen Lednovich
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism and UIC, Chicago-IL, U.S.A
| | | | - Md Wasim Khan
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism and UIC, Chicago-IL, U.S.A
| | - Mariana Salas Garcia
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego (UCSD) School of Medicine, La Jolla-CA, U.S.A
| | - Sarah Allard
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego (UCSD) School of Medicine, La Jolla-CA, U.S.A
| | - Barton Wicksteed
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism and UIC, Chicago-IL, U.S.A
| | - George E Chlipala
- Research Informatics Core, Research Resources Center, UIC, Chicago-IL, U.S.A
| | - Barbara Szynal
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism and UIC, Chicago-IL, U.S.A
| | | | - Pauline M Maki
- Department of Psychiatry, UIC, Chicago-IL, U.S.A.; Department of Psychology, and UIC, Chicago-IL, U.S.A.; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, UIC, Chicago-IL, U.S.A
| | - Ravinder K Gill
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, UIC, Chicago-IL, U.S.A
| | - Gary H Perdew
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Center for Molecular Toxicology and Carcinogenesis, The Pennsylvania State University, Pennsylvania, U.S.A
| | - Jack Gilbert
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego (UCSD) School of Medicine, La Jolla-CA, U.S.A.; Scripps Institution of Oceanography, UCSD, La Jolla-CA, U.S.A
| | - Yang Dai
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, UIC, Chicago-IL, U.S.A
| | - Brian T Layden
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois; Jesse Brown Veterans Affair Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois.
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Zhang F, Wan Y, Zuo T, Yeoh YK, Liu Q, Zhang L, Zhan H, Lu W, Xu W, Lui GC, Li AY, Cheung CP, Wong CK, Chan PK, Chan FK, Ng SC. Prolonged Impairment of Short-Chain Fatty Acid and L-Isoleucine Biosynthesis in Gut Microbiome in Patients With COVID-19. Gastroenterology 2022; 162:548-561.e4. [PMID: 34687739 PMCID: PMC8529231 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2021.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 52.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is associated with altered gut microbiota composition. Phylogenetic groups of gut bacteria involved in the metabolism of short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) were depleted in SARS-CoV-2-infected patients. We aimed to characterize a functional profile of the gut microbiome in patients with COVID-19 before and after disease resolution. METHODS We performed shotgun metagenomic sequencing on fecal samples from 66 antibiotics-naïve patients with COVID-19 and 70 non-COVID-19 controls. Serial fecal samples were collected (at up to 6 times points) during hospitalization and beyond 1 month after discharge. We assessed gut microbial pathways in association with disease severity and blood inflammatory markers. We also determined changes of microbial functions in fecal samples before and after disease resolution and validated these functions using targeted analysis of fecal metabolites. RESULTS Compared with non-COVID-19 controls, patients with COVID-19 with severe/critical illness showed significant alterations in gut microbiome functionality (P < .001), characterized by impaired capacity of gut microbiome for SCFA and L-isoleucine biosynthesis and enhanced capacity for urea production. Impaired SCFA and L-isoleucine biosynthesis in gut microbiome persisted beyond 30 days after recovery in patients with COVID-19. Targeted analysis of fecal metabolites showed significantly lower fecal concentrations of SCFAs and L-isoleucine in patients with COVID-19 before and after disease resolution. Lack of SCFA and L-isoleucine biosynthesis significantly correlated with disease severity and increased plasma concentrations of CXCL-10, NT- proB-type natriuretic peptide, and C-reactive protein (all P < .05). CONCLUSIONS Gut microbiome of patients with COVID-19 displayed impaired capacity for SCFA and L-isoleucine biosynthesis that persisted even after disease resolution. These 2 microbial functions correlated with host immune response underscoring the importance of gut microbial functions in SARS-CoV-2 infection pathogenesis and outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fen Zhang
- Center for Gut Microbiota Research, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China,Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China,State Key Laboratory for Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China,Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yating Wan
- Center for Gut Microbiota Research, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China,Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China,State Key Laboratory for Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China,Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Tao Zuo
- Center for Gut Microbiota Research, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China,Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China,State Key Laboratory for Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China,Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yun Kit Yeoh
- Center for Gut Microbiota Research, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China,Department of Microbiology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Qin Liu
- Center for Gut Microbiota Research, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China,Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China,State Key Laboratory for Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China,Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Center for Gut Microbiota Research, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China,Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China,State Key Laboratory for Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China,Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China,Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care and Peter Hung Pain Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hui Zhan
- Center for Gut Microbiota Research, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China,Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China,State Key Laboratory for Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China,Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wenqi Lu
- Center for Gut Microbiota Research, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China,Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China,State Key Laboratory for Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China,Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wenye Xu
- Center for Gut Microbiota Research, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China,Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China,State Key Laboratory for Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China,Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Grace C.Y. Lui
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China,Department of Chemical Pathology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Amy Y.L. Li
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chun Pan Cheung
- Center for Gut Microbiota Research, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China,Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China,State Key Laboratory for Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China,Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chun Kwok Wong
- Department of Chemical Pathology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Paul K.S. Chan
- Center for Gut Microbiota Research, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China,Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China,Department of Microbiology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China,Stanley Ho Centre for Emerging Infectious Diseases, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Francis K.L. Chan
- Center for Gut Microbiota Research, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China,State Key Laboratory for Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China,Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China,Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Siew C. Ng
- Center for Gut Microbiota Research, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China,Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China,State Key Laboratory for Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China,Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China,Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Shatin, Hong Kong, China,Correspondence Address correspondence to: Siew C. Ng, PhD, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, 9/F, Lui Che Woo Clinical Sciences Building, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong
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20
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Kim TY, Kim S, Kim Y, Lee YS, Lee S, Lee SH, Kweon MN. A High-Fat Diet Activates the BAs-FXR Axis and Triggers Cancer-Associated Fibroblast Properties in the Colon. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2022; 13:1141-59. [PMID: 34971821 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2021.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Dietary signals are known to modulate stemness and tumorigenicity of intestinal progenitors; however, the impact of a high-fat diet (HFD) on the intestinal stem cell (ISC) niche and its association with colorectal cancer remains unclear. Thus, we aimed to investigate how a HFD affects the ISC niche and its regulatory factors. METHODS Mice were fed a purified diet (PD) or HFD for 2 months. The expression levels of ISC-related markers, ISC-supportive signals, and Wnt2b were assessed with real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, in situ hybridization, and immunofluorescence staining. RNA sequencing and metabolic function were analyzed in mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) from PD- and HFD-fed mice. Fecal microbiota were analyzed by 16s rRNA sequencing. Bile salt hydrolase activity and bile acid (BA) levels were measured. RESULTS We found that expression of CD44 and Wnt signal-related genes was higher in the colonic crypts of HFD-fed mice than in those fed a PD. Within the ISC niche, MSCs were expanded and secreted predominant levels of Wnt2b in the colon of HFD-fed mice. Of note, increased energy metabolism and cancer-associated fibroblast (CAF)-like properties were found in the colonic MSCs of HFD-fed mice. Moreover, colonic MSCs from HFD-fed mice promoted the growth of tumorigenic properties and accelerated the expression of cancer stem cell (CSC)-related markers in colon organoids. In particular, production of primary and secondary BAs was increased through the expansion of bile salt hydrolase-encoding bacteria in HFD-fed mice. Most importantly, BAs-FXR interaction stimulated Wnt2b production in colonic CAF-like MSCs. CONCLUSIONS HFD-induced colonic CAF-like MSCs play an indispensable role in balancing the properties of CSCs through activation of the BAs-FXR axis.
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21
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Kim JK, Lee EK, Bae CH, Park SD, Shim JJ, Lee JL, Yoo HH, Kim DH. The Impact of Gut Microbiome on the Pharmacokinetics of Ginsenosides Rd and Rg3 in Mice after Oral Administration of Red Ginseng. Am J Chin Med 2021; 49:1897-1912. [PMID: 34961415 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x21500890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Ginsenosides of orally administered red ginseng (RG) extracts are metabolized and absorbed into blood. Here, we examined the pharmacokinetic profiles of ginsenosides Rd and Rg3 in mice orally gavaged with RG, then investigated the correlations between these and gut microbiota composition. RG water extract (RGw), RG ethanol extract (RGe), or fermented RGe (fRGe) was orally gavaged in mice. The plasma concentrations of the ginsenosides were determined, and the gut microbiota composition was analyzed. RGe and fRGe-treated mice showed higher plasma concentration levels of ginsenoside Rd compared with RGw-treated mice; particularly, ginsenoside Rd absorbed was substantially high in fRGe-treated mice. Oral administration of RG extracts modified the gut microbiota composition; the modified gut microbiota, such as Peptococcaceae, Rikenellaceae, and Hungateiclostridiaceae, were closely correlated with the absorption of ginsenosides, such as Rd and Rg3. These results suggest that oral administration of RG extracts can modify gut microbiome, which may consequently affect the bioavailability of RG ginsenosides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeon-Kyung Kim
- Neurobiota Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea
| | - Eun Kyu Lee
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology and College of Pharmacy, Hanyang University, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do 15588, Korea
| | | | | | | | | | - Hye Hyun Yoo
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology and College of Pharmacy, Hanyang University, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do 15588, Korea
| | - Dong-Hyun Kim
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology and College of Pharmacy, Hanyang University, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do 15588, Korea
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22
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Tyagi K, Tyagi I, Kumar V. Insights into the gut bacterial communities of spider from wild with no evidence of phylosymbiosis. Saudi J Biol Sci 2021; 28:5913-5924. [PMID: 34588907 PMCID: PMC8459122 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.06.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, an effort has been made to elucidate the gut bacterial diversity of twelve species of the family Araneidae under three subfamilies collected from 5 states of India along with their predicted metabolic role in functional metabolism. Further, we also compared the host species phylogeny based on partial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) sequences with the gut bacteria composition dendrogram to decipher the phylosymbiotic relationships. Analysis revealed the presence of 22 bacterial phyla, 145 families, and 364 genera in the gut, with Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, and Deinococcus-Thermus as the highest abundant phyla. Moreover, phylum Bacteriodetes was dominated only in Cyclosa mulmeinensis and Chlamydiae in Neoscona bengalensis. At the genus level, Bacillus, Acinetobacter, Cutibacterium, Pseudomonas, and Staphylococcus were the most dominant genera. Furthermore, the genus Prevotella was observed only in Cyclosa mulmeinensis, and endosymbiont Wolbachia only in Eriovixia laglaizei. The differential abundance analysis (DeSeq2) revealed the 19 significant ASVs represented by the genera like Acinetobacter, Vagoccoccus, Prevotella, Staphylococcus, Curvibacter, Corynebacterium, Paracoccus, Streptococcus, Microbacterium, and Pseudocitrobacter. The inter- and intra-subfamilies comparison based on diversity indices (alpha and beta diversity) revealed that the subfamily Araneinae have high richness and diversity than Argiopinae and Gasteracanthinae. The phylosymbiotic analysis revealed that there is no congruence between the gut bacteria composition dendrogram with their host phylogeny.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Vikas Kumar
- Centre for DNA Taxonomy, Molecular Systematics Division, Zoological Survey of India, Kolkata 700053, India
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Abstract
Metagenomic analyses have revealed microbial dysbiosis in the gut of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). The gut microbiota influences CRC via a variety of mechanisms, including microbial-derived factors such as metabolites or genotoxins. Pathogenic drivers and opportunistic passenger bacteria may underlie direct effect of the gut microbiota on carcinogenesis. We posit that metabolites generated by gut microbiota can influence CRC through a multitude of epigenetic or genetic effects on malignant transformation. A closer look at the cross talks between the commensals, epithelial cells, immune regulators etc., needs to be established with more substantiated studies. The recurrence of chemoresistant disease following therapy undoubtedly provides the impetus for morbidity and mortality; yet, the role of gut microbiome in drug resistance remains to be fully investigated. We review the current literature on microbial dysbiosis during CRC and discuss the mechanistic basis of CRC-associated bacteria in tumor initiation, progression and drug resistance.
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Yu LCH, Wei SC, Li YH, Lin PY, Chang XY, Weng JP, Shue YW, Lai LC, Wang JT, Jeng YM, Ni YH. Invasive Pathobionts Contribute to Colon Cancer Initiation by Counterbalancing Epithelial Antimicrobial Responses. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2021; 13:57-79. [PMID: 34418587 PMCID: PMC8600093 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2021.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Microbiota dysbiosis and mucosa-associated bacteria are involved in colorectal cancer progression. We hypothesize that an interaction between virulent pathobionts and epithelial defense promotes tumorigenesis. METHODS Chemical-induced CRC mouse model was treated with antibiotics at various phases. Colonic tissues and fecal samples were collected in a time-serial mode and analyzed by gene microarray and 16S rRNA sequencing. Intraepithelial bacteria were isolated using a gentamicin resistance assay, and challenged in epithelial cultures. RESULTS Our study showed that antibiotic treatment at midphase but not early or late phase reduced mouse tumor burden, suggesting a time-specific host-microbe interplay. A unique antimicrobial transcriptome profile showing an inverse relationship between autophagy and oxidative stress genes was correlated with a transient surge in microbial diversity and virulence emergence in mouse stool during cancer initiation. Gavage with fimA/fimH/htrA-expressing invasive Escherichia coli isolated from colonocytes increased tumor burden in recipient mice, whereas inoculation of bacteria deleted of htrA or triple genes did not. The invasive E.coli suppressed epithelial autophagy activity through reduction of microtubule-associated protein 1 light-chain 3 transcripts and caused dual oxidase 2-dependent free radical overproduction and tumor cell hyperproliferation. A novel alternating spheroid culture model was developed for sequential bacterial challenge to address the long-term changes in host-microbe interaction for chronic tumor growth. Epithelial cells with single bacterial encounter showed a reduction in transcript levels of autophagy genes while those sequentially challenged with invasive E.coli showed heightened autophagy gene expression to eliminate intracellular microbes, implicating that bacteria-dependent cell hyperproliferation could be terminated at late phases. Finally, the presence of bacterial htrA and altered antimicrobial gene expression were observed in human colorectal cancer specimens. CONCLUSIONS Invasive pathobionts contribute to cancer initiation during a key time frame by counterbalancing autophagy and oxidative stress in the colonic epithelium. Monitoring gut microbiota and antimicrobial patterns may help identify the window of opportunity for intervention with bacterium-targeted precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shu-Chen Wei
- Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Yi-Hsuan Li
- Graduate Institute of Physiology, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Po-Yu Lin
- Graduate Institute of Physiology, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Xin-Yu Chang
- Graduate Institute of Physiology, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Jui-Ping Weng
- Graduate Institute of Physiology, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Yin-Wen Shue
- Graduate Institute of Physiology, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China,Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Liang-Chuan Lai
- Graduate Institute of Physiology, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China,Graduate Institute of Biomedical Electronics and Bioinformatics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Jin-Town Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China,Department of Microbiology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Yung-Ming Jeng
- Department of Pathology, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Yen-Hsuan Ni
- Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China,Correspondence Address correspondence to: Yen-Hsuan Ni, MD, PhD, Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University College of Medicine and Hospital, 7 Chung-Shan South Road, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China. fax: (886) 2-23938871.
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Shiro Y, Arai YC, Ikemoto T, Ueda W, Ushida T. Correlation Between Gut Microbiome Composition and Acute Pain Perception in Young Healthy Male Subjects. Pain Med 2021; 22:1522-1531. [PMID: 33260215 DOI: 10.1093/pm/pnaa401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Recently, there has been growing interest in the gut-brain axis because it is emerging as a player influencing the health status of the host human. It is a known fact that the gut microbiome (GM) through the gut-brain axis has been implicated in numerous diseases. We previously reported that stool condition was associated with pain perception. Stool consistency and constipation are known to be associated with GM composition. Thus, we imagine that GM composition could influence pain perception. The aim of this study was to investigate the correlations between GM composition and pain perception and psychological states in young healthy male subjects. SUBJECTS A total of 42 healthy young male volunteers completed the present study. METHODS The volunteers' pain perceptions were assessed by pressure pain threshold, current perception threshold, temporal summation of pain, and conditioned pain modulation, and a questionnaire on psychological state was obtained. During the current perception threshold examination, we used 5, 250, and 2,000 Hz to stimulate C, Aδ, and Aβ fibers. In addition, GM composition was evaluated by using 16S rRNA analysis. RESULTS Pressure pain threshold showed a significant and negative correlation with Bacteroidetes phylum, in contrast to a significant and positive correlation with Firmicutes phylum. Current perception threshold of Aδ and Firmicutes phylum showed a significant correlation. There was a negative correlation between anxiety state and Bifidobacterium genus. In contrast, there was no significant correlation between psychological states and pain perceptions. CONCLUSION The present study showed that acute pain perception was associated with GM composition in young healthy males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukiko Shiro
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Nagoya Gakuin University, Nagoya, Japan.,Multidisciplinary Pain Center, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Young-Chang Arai
- Multidisciplinary Pain Center, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Japan.,Institute of Physical Fitness, Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Tatsunori Ikemoto
- Department of Orthopedics, School of Medicine, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Wasa Ueda
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hosogi Hospital, Kochi Medical School, Kochi, Japan
| | - Takahiro Ushida
- Multidisciplinary Pain Center, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Japan.,Institute of Physical Fitness, Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Japan
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Chen J, Wang A, Wang Q. Dysbiosis of the gut microbiome is a risk factor for osteoarthritis in older female adults: a case control study. BMC Bioinformatics 2021; 22:299. [PMID: 34082693 PMCID: PMC8173911 DOI: 10.1186/s12859-021-04199-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Osteoarthritis (OA) is a multifactorial joint degenerative disease with low-grade inflammation. The gut microbiome has recently emerged as an pathogenic factor of OA, and prebiotics supplementation could alleviate OA symptoms in animal models. However, the relationship between the gut microbiome and OA in the older female adults is hitherto not clear. Results Here we studied the gut microbiome of 57 OA patients and their healthy controls by metagenome-wide association study based on previously published data. A significant reduction in the richness and diversity of gut microbiome were observed in OA patients. Bifidobacterium longum and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii were decreased while Clostridium spp. was increased in the OA group. The functional modules, particularly the energetic metabolism and acetate production were also decreased in the OA patients. To evaluate the diagnostic value of identified species for elderly patients with OA, we constructed a set of random forest disease classifiers based on species differences between the two groups. Among them, 9 species reached the lowest classification error in the random forest cross validation, and the area under ROC of the model was 0.81. Conclusions Significant alterations in the gut microbial composition and function were observed between the older patients with OA and their controls, and a random forest classifier model for OA were constructed based on the differences in our study. Our study have identified several potential gut microbial targets in the elderly females with OA, which will facilitate the treatment of OA based on gut microbiota, is of great value in alleviating pain and improving the quality of life for them. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12859-021-04199-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juanjuan Chen
- Cuiying Biomedical Research Center, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730030, Gansu, People's Republic of China
| | - Anqi Wang
- Institute of Clinical Research and Translational Medicine, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Wang
- Cuiying Biomedical Research Center, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730030, Gansu, People's Republic of China.
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Matson V, Chervin CS, Gajewski TF. Cancer and the Microbiome-Influence of the Commensal Microbiota on Cancer, Immune Responses, and Immunotherapy. Gastroenterology 2021; 160:600-613. [PMID: 33253684 PMCID: PMC8409239 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2020.11.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The commensal microbiota has been implicated in the regulation of a diverse array of physiological processes, both within the gastrointestinal tract and at distant tissue sites. Cancer is no exception, and distinct aspects of the microbiota have been reported to have either pro- or anti-tumor effects. The functional role of the microbiota in regulating not only mucosal but also systemic immune responses has led to investigations into the impact on cancer immunotherapies, particularly with agents targeting the immunologic checkpoints PD-1 and CTLA-4. Microbial sequencing and reconstitution of germ-free mice have indicated both positive and negative regulatory bacteria likely exist, which either promote or interfere with immunotherapy efficacy. These collective findings have led to the development of clinical trials pursuing microbiome-based therapeutic interventions, with the hope of expanding immunotherapy efficacy. This review summarizes recent knowledge about the relationship between the host microbiota and cancer and anti-tumor immune response, with implications for cancer therapy.
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Ronan V, Yeasin R, Claud EC. Childhood Development and the Microbiome-The Intestinal Microbiota in Maintenance of Health and Development of Disease During Childhood Development. Gastroenterology 2021; 160:495-506. [PMID: 33307032 PMCID: PMC8714606 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2020.08.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The composition of the intestinal microbiome affects health from the prenatal period throughout childhood, and many diseases have been associated with dysbiosis. The gut microbiome is constantly changing, from birth throughout adulthood, and several variables affect its development and content. Features of the intestinal microbiota can affect development of the brain, immune system, and lungs, as well as body growth. We review the development of the gut microbiome, proponents of dysbiosis, and interactions of the microbiota with other organs. The gut microbiome should be thought of as an organ system that has important effects on childhood development. Dysbiosis has been associated with diseases in children and adults, including autism, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, asthma, and allergies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Ronan
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Rummanu Yeasin
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL,Windsor University School of Medicine
| | - Erika C. Claud
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL,Corresponding Author: Erika C. Claud, MD, Department of Pediatrics, The University of Chicago, 5841 S. Maryland Ave, MC6060, Chicago, IL 60137, Phone 773-702-6210, Fax: 773-702-0764,
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Zuo T, Zhang F, Lui GC, Yeoh YK, Li AY, Zhan H, Wan Y, Chung AC, Cheung CP, Chen N, Lai CK, Chen Z, Tso EY, Fung KS, Chan V, Ling L, Joynt G, Hui DS, Chan FK, Chan PK, Ng SC. Alterations in Gut Microbiota of Patients With COVID-19 During Time of Hospitalization. Gastroenterology 2020; 159:944-955.e8. [PMID: 32442562 PMCID: PMC7237927 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2020.05.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 896] [Impact Index Per Article: 224.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Although severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infects gastrointestinal tissues, little is known about the roles of gut commensal microbes in susceptibility to and severity of infection. We investigated changes in fecal microbiomes of patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection during hospitalization and associations with severity and fecal shedding of virus. METHODS We performed shotgun metagenomic sequencing analyses of fecal samples from 15 patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Hong Kong, from February 5 through March 17, 2020. Fecal samples were collected 2 or 3 times per week from time of hospitalization until discharge; disease was categorized as mild (no radiographic evidence of pneumonia), moderate (pneumonia was present), severe (respiratory rate ≥30/min, or oxygen saturation ≤93% when breathing ambient air), or critical (respiratory failure requiring mechanical ventilation, shock, or organ failure requiring intensive care). We compared microbiome data with those from 6 subjects with community-acquired pneumonia and 15 healthy individuals (controls). We assessed gut microbiome profiles in association with disease severity and changes in fecal shedding of SARS-CoV-2. RESULTS Patients with COVID-19 had significant alterations in fecal microbiomes compared with controls, characterized by enrichment of opportunistic pathogens and depletion of beneficial commensals, at time of hospitalization and at all timepoints during hospitalization. Depleted symbionts and gut dysbiosis persisted even after clearance of SARS-CoV-2 (determined from throat swabs) and resolution of respiratory symptoms. The baseline abundance of Coprobacillus, Clostridium ramosum, and Clostridium hathewayi correlated with COVID-19 severity; there was an inverse correlation between abundance of Faecalibacterium prausnitzii (an anti-inflammatory bacterium) and disease severity. Over the course of hospitalization, Bacteroides dorei, Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron, Bacteroides massiliensis, and Bacteroides ovatus, which downregulate expression of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) in murine gut, correlated inversely with SARS-CoV-2 load in fecal samples from patients. CONCLUSIONS In a pilot study of 15 patients with COVID-19, we found persistent alterations in the fecal microbiome during the time of hospitalization, compared with controls. Fecal microbiota alterations were associated with fecal levels of SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 severity. Strategies to alter the intestinal microbiota might reduce disease severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zuo
- Center for Gut Microbiota Research, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China,State Key Laboratory for Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China,Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Fen Zhang
- Center for Gut Microbiota Research, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China,State Key Laboratory for Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China,Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Grace C.Y. Lui
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China,Stanley Ho Centre for Emerging Infectious Diseases, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yun Kit Yeoh
- Center for Gut Microbiota Research, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China,Department of Microbiology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Amy Y.L. Li
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hui Zhan
- Center for Gut Microbiota Research, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China,State Key Laboratory for Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China,Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yating Wan
- Center for Gut Microbiota Research, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China,State Key Laboratory for Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China,Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Arthur C.K. Chung
- Center for Gut Microbiota Research, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China,State Key Laboratory for Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China,Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chun Pan Cheung
- Center for Gut Microbiota Research, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China,State Key Laboratory for Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China,Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Nan Chen
- Center for Gut Microbiota Research, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China,State Key Laboratory for Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China,Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Christopher K.C. Lai
- Department of Microbiology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zigui Chen
- Department of Microbiology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Eugene Y.K. Tso
- Department of Medicine and Geriatrics, United Christian Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kitty S.C. Fung
- Department of Pathology, United Christian Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - Veronica Chan
- Department of Medicine and Geriatrics, United Christian Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - Lowell Ling
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Gavin Joynt
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - David S.C. Hui
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China,Stanley Ho Centre for Emerging Infectious Diseases, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Francis K.L. Chan
- Center for Gut Microbiota Research, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China,Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Paul K.S. Chan
- Center for Gut Microbiota Research, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China,Department of Microbiology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China,Paul K.S. Chan, PhD, Department of Microbiology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, 9/F, Lui Che Woo Clinical Sciences Building, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong. fax: (852) 2647 3227
| | - Siew C. Ng
- Center for Gut Microbiota Research, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China,State Key Laboratory for Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China,Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China,Correspondence Address correspondence to: Siew C. Ng, PhD, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, 9/F, Lui Che Woo Clinical Sciences Building, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong. fax: (852) 3505 3852
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Saran AR, Dave S, Zarrinpar A. Circadian Rhythms in the Pathogenesis and Treatment of Fatty Liver Disease. Gastroenterology 2020; 158:1948-1966.e1. [PMID: 32061597 PMCID: PMC7279714 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2020.01.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2019] [Revised: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Circadian clock proteins are endogenous timing mechanisms that control the transcription of hundreds of genes. Their integral role in coordinating metabolism has led to their scrutiny in a number of diseases, including nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Discoordination between central and peripheral circadian rhythms is a core feature of nearly every genetic, dietary, or environmental model of metabolic syndrome and NAFLD. Restricting feeding to a defined daily interval (time-restricted feeding) can synchronize the central and peripheral circadian rhythms, which in turn can prevent or even treat the metabolic syndrome and hepatic steatosis. Importantly, a number of proteins currently under study as drug targets in NAFLD (sterol regulatory element-binding protein [SREBP], acetyl-CoA carboxylase [ACC], peroxisome proliferator-activator receptors [PPARs], and incretins) are modulated by circadian proteins. Thus, the clock can be used to maximize the benefits and minimize the adverse effects of pharmaceutical agents for NAFLD. The circadian clock itself has the potential for use as a target for the treatment of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anand R. Saran
- Division of Gastroenterology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Shravan Dave
- Division of Gastroenterology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Amir Zarrinpar
- Division of Gastroenterology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California; Veterans Affairs Health Sciences San Diego, La Jolla, California; Institute of Diabetes and Metabolic Health, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California; Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California.
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Abstract
Purpose of Review The supplementation of dietary additives into processed foods has exponentially increased in the past few decades. Similarly, the incidence rates of various diseases, including metabolic syndrome, gut dysbiosis and hepatocarcinogenesis, have been elevating. Current research reveals that there is a positive association between food additives and these pathophysiological diseases. This review highlights the research published within the past 5 years that elucidate and update the effects of dietary supplements on liver and intestinal health. Recent Findings Some of the key findings include: enterocyte dysfunction of fructose clearance causes non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD); non-caloric sweeteners are hepatotoxic; dietary emulsifiers instigate gut dysbiosis and hepatocarcinogenesis; and certain prebiotics can induce cholestatic hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in gut dysbiotic mice. Overall, multiple reports suggest that the administration of purified, dietary supplements could cause functional damage to both the liver and gut. Summary The extraction of bioactive components from natural resources was considered a brilliant method to modulate human health. However, current research highlights that such purified components may negatively affect individuals with microbiotal dysbiosis, resulting in a deeper break of the symbiotic relationship between the host and gut microbiota, which can lead to repercussions on gut and liver health. Therefore, ingestion of these dietary additives should not go without some caution!
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Golonka
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
| | - Beng San Yeoh
- Graduate Program in Immunology & Infectious Disease, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Matam Vijay-Kumar
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH 43614, USA.,Department of Medical Microbiology & Immunology, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
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Albaugh VL, Banan B, Antoun J, Xiong Y, Guo Y, Ping J, Alikhan M, Clements BA, Abumrad NN, Flynn CR. Role of Bile Acids and GLP-1 in Mediating the Metabolic Improvements of Bariatric Surgery. Gastroenterology 2019; 156:1041-1051.e4. [PMID: 30445014 PMCID: PMC6409186 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2018.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Revised: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Bile diversion to the ileum (GB-IL) has strikingly similar metabolic and satiating effects to Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) in rodent obesity models. The metabolic benefits of these procedures are thought to be mediated by increased bile acids, although parallel changes in body weight and other confounding variables limit this interpretation. METHODS Global G protein-coupled bile acid receptor-1 null (Tgr5-/-) and intestinal-specific farnesoid X receptor null (FxrΔ/E) mice on high-fat diet as well as wild-type C57BL/6 and glucagon-like polypeptide 1 receptor deficient (Glp-1r-/-) mice on chow diet were characterized following GB-IL. RESULTS GB-IL induced weight loss and improved oral glucose tolerance in Tgr5-/-, but not FxrΔ/E mice fed a high-fat diet, suggesting a role for intestinal Fxr. GB-IL in wild-type, chow-fed mice prompted weight-independent improvements in glycemia and glucose tolerance secondary to augmented insulin responsiveness. Improvements were concomitant with increased levels of lymphatic GLP-1 in the fasted state and increased levels of intestinal Akkermansia muciniphila. Improvements in fasting glycemia after GB-IL were mitigated with exendin-9, a GLP-1 receptor antagonist, or cholestyramine, a bile acid sequestrant. The glucoregulatory effects of GB-IL were lost in whole-body Glp-1r-/- mice. CONCLUSIONS Bile diversion to the ileum improves glucose homeostasis via an intestinal Fxr-Glp-1 axis. Altered intestinal bile acid availability, independent of weight loss, and intestinal Akkermansia muciniphila appear to mediate the metabolic changes observed after bariatric surgery and might be manipulated for treatment of obesity and diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vance L. Albaugh
- Department of Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Babak Banan
- Department of Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Joseph Antoun
- Department of Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Yanhua Xiong
- Department of Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Yan Guo
- Department of Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN
| | - Jie Ping
- Department of Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN
| | - Muhammed Alikhan
- Department of Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | | | - Naji N. Abumrad
- Department of Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
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Patel NB, Obregón-Tito AJ, Tito RY, Trujillo-Villaroel O, Marin-Reyes L, Troncoso-Corzo L, Guija-Poma E, Lewis CM, Lawson PA. Citroniella saccharovorans gen. nov. sp. nov., a member of the family Peptoniphilaceae isolated from a human fecal sample from a coastal traditional community member. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2019; 69:1142-1148. [PMID: 30767850 DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.003287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel Gram-stain-positive, non-motile, non-spore-forming coccus-shaped obligately anaerobic bacterium was recovered from a fecal sample obtained from an individual from a traditional community located on the southern coast of Peru. The results of analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing indicated the novel bacterium to be phylogenetically distinct from other genera of members of the Peptoniphilaceae family, sharing a loose affinity with the genera Ezakiella, Finegoldia, Gallicola and Parvimonas. The major cellular fatty acids of the novel isolate were determined to be C16:0, C17:1ω8c, and C18:1ω9c. The DNA G+C content was 29.9 mol%. End products of metabolism from peptone yeast glucose broth (PYG) were determined to be acetate and methyl succinate. The diagnostic diamino acid present in the cell wall was lysine. On the basis of the phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic results the organism is a member of a novel genus belonging to the family Peptoniphilaceae for which the name Citroniella saccharovorans gen nov. sp. nov., is proposed. The type strain is M6.X9T (DSM 29873T=CCUG 66799T).
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisha B Patel
- Department of Microbiology and Plant Biology, University of Oklahoma, USA
| | | | | | | | - Luis Marin-Reyes
- Centro Nacional de Salud Publica, Instituto Nacional de Salud, Lima, Peru
| | | | | | - Cecil M Lewis
- Department of Anthropology, University of Oklahoma, USA
| | - Paul A Lawson
- Department of Microbiology and Plant Biology, University of Oklahoma, USA
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Wiese M. The potential of pectin to impact pig nutrition and health: feeding the animal and its microbiome. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2019; 366:5320383. [PMID: 30767016 DOI: 10.1093/femsle/fnz029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The increasing efforts to substitute antibiotics and improve animal health combined with the acknowledgement of the role of gut microbiota in health have led to an elevated interest in the understanding on how fibre with prebiotic potential, such as pectin, can improve animal growth and health via direct or gut microbiota mediated effects. Various reports exist on the antiviral and antibacterial effects of pectin, as well as its potency as a modulator of the immune response and gut microbial community. Comprehensive insights into the potential of pectin to improve animal growth and health are currently still hampered by heterogeneity in the design of studies. Studies differ with regard to the dosage, molecular structure and source of the pectin implemented, as well as concerning the set of investigations of its effects on the host. Harmonisation of the study design including an in-depth analysis of the gut microbial community and its metabolome will aid to extract information on how pectin can impact growth and overall animal health. Studies with an increased focus on pectin structure such as on pectin-derived rhamnogalacturonan I (RG-I) are just starting to unravel pectin-structure-related effects on mammalian health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Wiese
- Department of Food Science, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 26, 1958 Frederiksberg, Denmark.,CP Kelco ApS, Ved Banen 16, 4623 Lille Skensved, Denmark
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Abstract
Advances in sequencing technology and bioinformatics have greatly enhanced our ability to understand the human microbiome. Over the last decade, a growing body of literature has linked nutrition and the environment to the microbiome and is now thought to be an important contributor to overall health. This paper reviews the literature from the past 10 years to highlight the influence of environmental factors such as diet, early life adversity and stress in shaping and modifying our microbiome towards health and disease. The review shows that many factors such as the mode of delivery, breast milk, stress, diet and medications can greatly influence the development of our gut microbiome and potentially make us more prone to certain diseases. By incorporating environmental factors into models that study the microbiome in the setting of health and disease, may provide a better understanding of disease and potentially new areas of treatment. To highlight this, we will additionally explore the role of the environment and the microbiome in the development of obesity and functional bowel disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tien S Dong
- Vatche and Tamar Manoukin Division of Digestive Diseases, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Arpana Gupta
- Vatche and Tamar Manoukin Division of Digestive Diseases, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; G. Oppenheimer Center for Neurobiology of Stress and Resilience, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.
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Allaband C, McDonald D, Vázquez-Baeza Y, Minich JJ, Tripathi A, Brenner DA, Loomba R, Smarr L, Sandborn WJ, Schnabl B, Dorrestein P, Zarrinpar A, Knight R. Microbiome 101: Studying, Analyzing, and Interpreting Gut Microbiome Data for Clinicians. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2019; 17:218-230. [PMID: 30240894 PMCID: PMC6391518 DOI: 10.1016/j.cgh.2018.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Advances in technical capabilities for reading complex human microbiomes are leading to an explosion of microbiome research, leading in turn to intense interest among clinicians in applying these techniques to their patients. In this review, we discuss the content of the human microbiome, including intersubject and intrasubject variability, considerations of study design including important confounding factors, and different methods in the laboratory and on the computer to read the microbiome and its resulting gene products and metabolites. We highlight several common pitfalls for clinicians, including the expectation that an individual's microbiome will be stable, that diet can induce rapid changes that are large compared with the differences among subjects, that everyone has essentially the same core stool microbiome, and that different laboratory and computational methods will yield essentially the same results. We also highlight the current limitations and future promise of these techniques, with the expectation that an understanding of these considerations will help accelerate the path toward routine clinical application of these techniques developed in research settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celeste Allaband
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Daniel McDonald
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | | | - Jeremiah J. Minich
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Anupriya Tripathi
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - David A. Brenner
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Rohit Loomba
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Larry Smarr
- Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, California Institute of Telecommunications and Information Technology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - William J. Sandborn
- Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, Division of Gastroenterology, Veterans Administration San Diego Health System, La Jolla, California
| | - Bernd Schnabl
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, Division of Gastroenterology, Veterans Administration San Diego Health System, La Jolla, California
| | - Pieter Dorrestein
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, Skaggs School of Pharmacy, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Amir Zarrinpar
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, Division of Gastroenterology, Veterans Administration San Diego Health System, La Jolla, California
| | - Rob Knight
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California; Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California; Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California; Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California.
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McDonald JAK, Mullish BH, Pechlivanis A, Liu Z, Brignardello J, Kao D, Holmes E, Li JV, Clarke TB, Thursz MR, Marchesi JR. Inhibiting Growth of Clostridioides difficile by Restoring Valerate, Produced by the Intestinal Microbiota. Gastroenterology 2018; 155:1495-1507.e15. [PMID: 30025704 PMCID: PMC6347096 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2018.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Revised: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is effective for treating recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI), but there are concerns about its long-term safety. Understanding the mechanisms of the effects of FMT could help us design safer, targeted therapies. We aimed to identify microbial metabolites that are important for C difficile growth. METHODS We used a CDI chemostat model as a tool to study the effects of FMT in vitro. The following analyses were performed: C difficile plate counts, 16S rRNA gene sequencing, proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and ultra-performance liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry bile acid profiling. FMT mixtures were prepared using fresh fecal samples provided by donors enrolled in an FMT program in the United Kingdom. Results from chemostat experiments were validated using human stool samples, C difficile batch cultures, and C57BL/6 mice with CDI. Human stool samples were collected from 16 patients with recurrent CDI and healthy donors (n = 5) participating in an FMT trial in Canada. RESULTS In the CDI chemostat model, clindamycin decreased valerate and deoxycholic acid concentrations and increased C difficile total viable counts and valerate precursors, taurocholic acid, and succinate concentrations. After we stopped adding clindamycin, levels of bile acids and succinate recovered, whereas levels of valerate and valerate precursors did not. In the CDI chemostat model, FMT increased valerate concentrations and decreased C difficile total viable counts (94% decrease), spore counts (86% decrease), and valerate precursor concentrations; concentrations of bile acids were unchanged. In stool samples from patients with CDI, valerate was depleted before FMT but restored after FMT. Clostridioides difficile batch cultures confirmed that valerate decreased vegetative growth, and that taurocholic acid was required for germination but had no effect on vegetative growth. Clostridioides difficile total viable counts were decreased by 95% in mice with CDI given glycerol trivalerate compared with phosphate buffered saline. CONCLUSIONS We identified valerate as a metabolite that is depleted with clindamycin and only recovered with FMT. Valerate is a target for a rationally designed recurrent CDI therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie A K McDonald
- Division of Integrative Systems Medicine and Digestive Disease, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Benjamin H Mullish
- Division of Integrative Systems Medicine and Digestive Disease, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Alexandros Pechlivanis
- Division of Integrative Systems Medicine and Digestive Disease, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Zhigang Liu
- Division of Integrative Systems Medicine and Digestive Disease, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jerusa Brignardello
- Division of Integrative Systems Medicine and Digestive Disease, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Dina Kao
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Elaine Holmes
- Division of Integrative Systems Medicine and Digestive Disease, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jia V Li
- Division of Integrative Systems Medicine and Digestive Disease, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas B Clarke
- MRC Centre for Molecular Bacteriology and Infection, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mark R Thursz
- Division of Integrative Systems Medicine and Digestive Disease, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Julian R Marchesi
- Division of Integrative Systems Medicine and Digestive Disease, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom.
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Kiyohara H, Sujino T, Teratani T, Miyamoto K, Arai MM, Nomura E, Harada Y, Aoki R, Koda Y, Mikami Y, Mizuno S, Naganuma M, Hisamatsu T, Kanai T. Toll-Like Receptor 7 Agonist-Induced Dermatitis Causes Severe Dextran Sulfate Sodium Colitis by Altering the Gut Microbiome and Immune Cells. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2019; 7:135-56. [PMID: 30510995 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2018.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2017] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Psoriasis and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are both chronic inflammatory diseases occurring in the skin and gut, respectively. It is well established that psoriasis and IBD have high concordance rates, and similar changes in immune cells and microbiome composition have been reported in both conditions. To study this connection, we used a combination murine model of psoriatic dermatitis and colitis in which mice were treated topically with the Toll-like receptor 7 agonist imiquimod (IMQ) and fed dextran sulfate sodium (DSS). METHODS We applied IMQ topically to B6 mice (IMQ mice) and subsequently fed them 2% DSS in their drinking water. Disease activity and immune cell phenotypes were analyzed, and the microbial composition of fecal samples was investigated using 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing. We transplanted feces from IMQ mice to germ-free IQI/Jic (IQI) mice and fed them DSS to assess the effect of the gut microbiome on disease. RESULTS We first confirmed that IMQ mice showed accelerated DSS colitis. IMQ mice had decreased numbers of IgD+ and IgM+ B cells and increased numbers of non-cytokine-producing macrophages in the gut. Moreover, the gut microbiomes of IMQ mice were perturbed, with significant reductions of Lactobacillus johnsonii and Lactobacillus reuteri populations. Germ-free mice transplanted with feces from IMQ mice, but not with feces from untreated mice, also developed exacerbated DSS colitis. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that skin inflammation may contribute to pathogenic conditions in the gut via immunologic and microbiological changes. Our finding of a novel potential skin-gut interaction provides new insights into the coincidence of psoriasis and IBD.
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Key Words
- Abx, antibiotics
- BM, bone marrow
- BSA, bovine serum albumin
- DAI, disease activity index
- DSS, dextran sulfate sodium
- Dermatitis
- FITC, fluorescein isothiocyanate
- GF, germ-free
- Gut Microbiome
- HBSS, Hank’s balanced salt solution
- IBD, inflammatory bowel disease
- IFN, interferon
- IL, interleukin
- ILC, innate lymphoid cell
- IMQ, imiquimod
- IP, intraperitoneally
- IQI, IQI/Jic
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease
- LP, lamina propria
- NLRP3, NACHT, LRR, and PYD domains-containing protein 3
- OTU, operational taxonomic unit
- PBS, phosphate-buffered saline
- PCR, polymerase chain reaction
- PE, phycoerythrin
- PMA, phorbol 12-myristate-13-acetate
- SPF, specific pathogen-free
- TLR, Toll-like receptor
- TNF, tumor necrosis factor
- Th, T helper
- Treg, regulatory T cells
- WT, wild-type
- ZO-1, zonula occludens-1
- dLN, draining lymph node
- gnoto, gnotobiote
- pDC, plasmacytoid dendritic cell
- rRNA, ribosomal RNA
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Abstract
Investigators from the Department of Pediatric Neurology at the Children's Hospital of Fudan University assessed the gut microbiome in pediatric patients with intractable non-lesional epilepsy who were treated with the ketogenic diet (KD) comparing differences between responders and non-responders over a period of 6 months.
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Affiliation(s)
- Egidio Spinelli
- Epilepsy Center and Division of Neurology, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Robyn Blackford
- Epilepsy Center and Division of Neurology, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL
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Arai YC, Shiro Y, Funak Y, Kasugaii K, Omichi Y, Sakurai H, Matsubara T, Inoue M, Shimo K, Saisu H, Ikemoto T, Owari K, Nishihara M, Ushida T. The Association Between Constipation or Stool Consistency and Pain Severity in Patients With Chronic Pain. Anesth Pain Med 2018; 8:e69275. [PMID: 30250817 PMCID: PMC6139698 DOI: 10.5812/aapm.69275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Revised: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Bacteria can influence a variety of gut functions. Some studies showed that stool consistency and constipation were associated with gut microbiome (GM) composition, and enterotype, dysbiosis. Growing evidence indicates the significant role of GM in the homeostatic function of the host body. The GM may regulate multiple neurochemical and neurometabolic pathways. Chronicity of the pain is actively modulated at the molecular to the network level by means of several neurotransmitters. The GM to some extent can affect pain perception. Objectives The current study aimed at investigating the relationship between constipation state or usual stool form and pain severity of patients with chronic pain. Methods The current study was conducted on 365 patients with chronic pain. The participants were evaluated on their stool form (the Bristol stool form scale; BSFS), constipation state (the Cleveland clinic constipation score; CCCS), body mass index (BMI), and usual pain severity (numerical rating scale; NRS). In addition, the participants were assigned into five groups according to the pain region (i e, low back and/or lower limb, whole body, neck and/or upper back and/or upper limb, head and/or face, chest and/or abdominal). Results The CCS showed a significant and positive association with the pain severity of the total patients and patients with low back and/or lower limb pain. Simultaneous multiple linear regression analyses revealed that a predictor of the pain severity was the CCS for the total patients and patients with low back and/or lower limb, whole body pain. Conclusions Constipation displayed a significant and positive association with the pain severity of the total patients and patients with low back and/or lower limb pain, whole body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Chang Arai
- Multidisciplinary Pain Center, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Japan
- Institute of Physical Fitness, Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Yukiko Shiro
- Multidisciplinary Pain Center, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Japan
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Nagoya Gakuin University, Seto, Aichi, Japan
- Corresponding Author: Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Nagoya Gakuin University, P.O. Box: 4801298, Kamisinano-cho, Seto, Aichi, Japan. Tel: +81-561420351, Fax: +81-561420629,
| | - Yasushi Funak
- Department of Gastroenterology, School of Medicine, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Kunio Kasugaii
- Department of Gastroenterology, School of Medicine, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Yusuke Omichi
- Multidisciplinary Pain Center, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Hiroki Sakurai
- Multidisciplinary Pain Center, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Takako Matsubara
- Multidisciplinary Pain Center, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Masayuki Inoue
- Multidisciplinary Pain Center, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Japan
- Institute of Physical Fitness, Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Shimo
- Multidisciplinary Pain Center, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Japan
- Institute of Physical Fitness, Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Hironori Saisu
- Multidisciplinary Pain Center, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Tatsunori Ikemoto
- Multidisciplinary Pain Center, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Japan
- Institute of Physical Fitness, Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Keiko Owari
- Multidisciplinary Pain Center, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Makoto Nishihara
- Multidisciplinary Pain Center, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Takahiro Ushida
- Multidisciplinary Pain Center, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Japan
- Institute of Physical Fitness, Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Japan
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Kushugulova A, Forslund SK, Costea PI, Kozhakhmetov S, Khassenbekova Z, Urazova M, Nurgozhin T, Zhumadilov Z, Benberin V, Driessen M, Hercog R, Voigt AY, Benes V, Kandels-Lewis S, Sunagawa S, Letunic I, Bork P. Metagenomic analysis of gut microbial communities from a Central Asian population. BMJ Open 2018; 8:e021682. [PMID: 30056386 PMCID: PMC6067398 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-021682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Changes in the gut microbiota are increasingly recognised to be involved in many diseases. This ecosystem is known to be shaped by many factors, including climate, geography, host nutrition, lifestyle and medication. Thus, knowledge of varying populations with different habits is important for a better understanding of the microbiome. DESIGN We therefore conducted a metagenomic analysis of intestinal microbiota from Kazakh donors, recruiting 84 subjects, including male and female healthy subjects and metabolic syndrome (MetS) patients aged 25-75 years, from the Kazakh administrative centre, Astana. We characterise and describe these microbiomes, the first deep-sequencing cohort from Central Asia, in comparison with a global dataset (832 individuals from five countries on three continents), and explore correlations between microbiota, clinical and laboratory parameters as well as with nutritional data from Food Frequency Questionnaires. RESULTS We observe that Kazakh microbiomes are relatively different from both European and East Asian counterparts, though similar to other Central Asian microbiomes, with the most striking difference being significantly more samples falling within the Prevotella-rich enterotype, potentially reflecting regional diet and lifestyle. We show that this enterotype designation remains stable within an individual over time in 82% of cases. We further observe gut microbiome features that distinguish MetS patients from controls (eg, significantly reduced Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes ratio, Bifidobacteria and Subdoligranulum, alongside increased Prevotella), though these overlap little with previously published reports and thus may reflect idiosyncrasies of the present cohort. CONCLUSION Taken together, this exploratory study describes gut microbiome data from an understudied population, providing a starting point for further comparative work on biogeography and research on widespread diseases. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER ISRCTN37346212; Post-results.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sofia K Forslund
- The European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Structural and Computational Biology, Heidelberg, Germany
- ECRC, Max Delbrück Centre for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
- Experimental and Clinical Research Centre, a cooperation of Charité-Universitätsmedizin and the Max-Delbrück Centre, Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Paul Igor Costea
- The European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Structural and Computational Biology, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | | | - Maira Urazova
- National Laboratory Astana, Nazarbayev University, Astana, Kazakhstan
| | - Talgat Nurgozhin
- National Laboratory Astana, Nazarbayev University, Astana, Kazakhstan
| | | | - Valery Benberin
- Medical Center under the Office of the Kazakh President, Astana, Kazakhstan
| | - Marja Driessen
- The European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Structural and Computational Biology, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rajna Hercog
- The European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Structural and Computational Biology, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anita Yvonne Voigt
- The European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Structural and Computational Biology, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Vladimir Benes
- The European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Structural and Computational Biology, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stefanie Kandels-Lewis
- The European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Structural and Computational Biology, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Shinichi Sunagawa
- The European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Structural and Computational Biology, Heidelberg, Germany
- Institute of Microbiology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ivica Letunic
- The European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Structural and Computational Biology, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Peer Bork
- The European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Structural and Computational Biology, Heidelberg, Germany
- ECRC, Max Delbrück Centre for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Bioinformatics, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
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Cong X, Xu W, Romisher R, Poveda S, Forte S, Starkweather A, Henderson WA. Gut Microbiome and Infant Health: Brain-Gut-Microbiota Axis and Host Genetic Factors. Yale J Biol Med 2016; 89:299-308. [PMID: 27698614 PMCID: PMC5045139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The development of the neonatal gut microbiome is influenced by multiple factors, such as delivery mode, feeding, medication use, hospital environment, early life stress, and genetics. The dysbiosis of gut microbiota persists during infancy, especially in high-risk preterm infants who experience lengthy stays in the Neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Infant microbiome evolutionary trajectory is essentially parallel with the host (infant) neurodevelopmental process and growth. The role of the gut microbiome, the brain-gut signaling system, and its interaction with the host genetics have been shown to be related to both short and long term infant health and bio-behavioral development. The investigation of potential dysbiosis patterns in early childhood is still lacking and few studies have addressed this host-microbiome co-developmental process. Further research spanning a variety of fields of study is needed to focus on the mechanisms of brain-gut-microbiota signaling system and the dynamic host-microbial interaction in the regulation of health, stress and development in human newborns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomei Cong
- School of Nursing, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
- Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
| | - Wanli Xu
- School of Nursing, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
| | - Rachael Romisher
- School of Nursing, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
| | - Samantha Poveda
- School of Nursing, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
| | - Shaina Forte
- School of Nursing, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
| | | | - Wendy A. Henderson
- Digestive Disorders Unit, Biobehavioral Branch, National Institute of Nursing Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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Kumar M, Hemalatha R, Nagpal R, Singh B, Parasannanavar D, Verma V, Kumar A, Marotta F, Catanzaro R, Cuffari B, Jain S, Bissi L, Yadav H. PROBIOTIC APPROACHES FOR TARGETING INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE: AN UPDATE ON ADVANCES AND OPPORTUNITIES IN MANAGING THE DISEASE. Int J Probiotics Prebiotics 2016; 11:99-116. [PMID: 31452650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/28/2022]
Abstract
Various commensal enteric and pathogenic bacteria may be involved in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs), a chronic condition with a pathogenic background that involves both immunogenetic and environmental factors. IBDs comprising of Crohn's disease, and ulcerative colitis, and pauchitis are chronic inflammatory conditions, and known for causing disturbed homeostatic balance among the intestinal immune compartment, gut epithelium and microbiome. An increasing trend of IBDs in incidence, prevalence, and severity has been reported during recent years. Probiotic strains have been reported to manage the IBDs and related pathologies, and hence are current hot topics of research for their potential to manage metabolic diseases as well as various immunopathologies. However, the probiotics industry will need to undergo a transformation, with increased focus on stringent manufacturing guidelines and high-quality clinical trials. This article reviews the present state of art of role of probiotic bacteria in reducing inflammation and strengthening the host immune system with reference to the management of IBDs. We infer that t healthcare will move beyond its prevailing focus on human physiology, and embrace the superorganism as a paradigm to understand and ameliorate IBDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoj Kumar
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad
| | - Rajkumar Hemalatha
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad
| | - Ravinder Nagpal
- Probiotics Research Laboratory, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo
| | - Birbal Singh
- Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Regional Station, Palampur, India
| | - Devraj Parasannanavar
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad
| | - Vinod Verma
- Centre of Biotechnology, Nehru Science Complex, University of Allahabad, Allahabad, India
| | - Ashok Kumar
- Department of Zoology, M.L.K. Post-Graduate College, Balrampur (U.P.), India
| | - Francesco Marotta
- ReGenera Research Group for Aging Intervention & MMC-Milano Medical, Milano, Italy
| | - Roberto Catanzaro
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Biagio Cuffari
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Shalini Jain
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Laura Bissi
- ReGenera Research Group for Aging Intervention & MMC-Milano Medical, Milano, Italy
| | - Hariom Yadav
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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Dhiman RK, Rana B, Agrawal S, Garg A, Chopra M, Thumburu KK, Khattri A, Malhotra S, Duseja A, Chawla YK. Probiotic VSL#3 reduces liver disease severity and hospitalization in patients with cirrhosis: a randomized, controlled trial. Gastroenterology 2014; 147:1327-37.e3. [PMID: 25450083 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2014.08.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 220] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2014] [Revised: 08/17/2014] [Accepted: 08/19/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Little is known about whether probiotics can affect outcomes of patients with cirrhosis and hepatic encephalopathy (HE). We assessed the efficacy of a probiotic preparation in preventing the recurrence of HE (primary outcome) and reducing the number of hospitalizations and severity of liver disease in patients with cirrhosis. METHODS We performed a double-blind trial at a tertiary care hospital in India. Patients with cirrhosis who had recovered from an episode of HE during the previous month were assigned randomly (using computer-generated allocation) to groups given a probiotic preparation (VSL#3, 9 × 10(11) bacteria; CD Pharma India Private Limited, New Delhi, India) (n = 66) or placebo (n = 64) daily for 6 months. RESULTS There was a trend toward a reduction in the development of breakthrough HE among patients receiving the probiotic (34.8% in the probiotic group vs 51.6% in the placebo group; hazard ratio [HR], 0.65; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.38-1.11; P = .12). Fewer patients in the probiotic group were hospitalized for HE (19.7% vs 42.2%, respectively; HR, 0.45; 95% CI, 0.23-0.87; P = .02) or for complications of cirrhosis (24.2%) than in the placebo group (45.3%) (HR, 0.52; 95% CI, 0.28-0.95; P = .034). Child-Turcotte-Pugh and model for end-stage liver disease scores improved significantly from baseline to 6 months in the probiotic group, but not in the placebo group. There were no adverse events related to VSL#3. CONCLUSIONS Over a 6-month period, daily intake of VSL#3 significantly reduced the risk of hospitalization for HE, as well as Child-Turcotte-Pugh and model for end-stage liver disease scores, in patients with cirrhosis. ClinicalTrials.gov number: NCT01110447.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radha K Dhiman
- Department of Hepatology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, Chandigarh, India.
| | - Baldev Rana
- Department of Hepatology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, Chandigarh, India
| | - Swastik Agrawal
- Department of Hepatology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, Chandigarh, India
| | - Ashish Garg
- Department of Hepatology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, Chandigarh, India
| | - Madhu Chopra
- Department of Hepatology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, Chandigarh, India
| | - Kiran K Thumburu
- Department of Hepatology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, Chandigarh, India
| | - Amit Khattri
- Department of Hepatology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, Chandigarh, India
| | - Samir Malhotra
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, Chandigarh, India
| | - Ajay Duseja
- Department of Hepatology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, Chandigarh, India
| | - Yogesh K Chawla
- Department of Hepatology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, Chandigarh, India
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