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Luo Y, Barwa TN, Dempsey E, Karthik R, Shim JJ, Sukanya R, Breslin CB. Electrochemical detection of sulfanilamide using tannic acid exfoliated MoS 2 nanosheets combined with reduced graphene oxide/graphite. Environ Res 2024; 248:118391. [PMID: 38309562 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
Sulfonamides are a family of synthetic drugs with a broad-spectrum of antimicrobial activity. Like other antimicrobials, they have been found in aquatic environments, making their detection important. Herein, an electrochemical sensor was designed using tannic acid exfoliated few-layered MoS2 sheets, which were combined with a mixture of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and graphite flakes (G). The rGO/G was formed using electrodeposition, by cycling from -0.5 to -1.5 V in an acidified sulfate solution with well dispersed GO and G. The exfoliated MoS2 sheets were drop cast over the wrinkled rGO/G surface to form the final sensor, GCE/rGO/G/ta-MoS2. The mixture of rGO/G was superior to pure rGO in formulating the sensor. The fabricated sensor exhibited an extended linear range from 0.1 to 566 μM, with a LOD of 86 nM, with good selectivity in the presence of various salts found in water and structurally related drugs from the sulfonamide family. The sensor showed very good reproducibility with the RSD at 0.48 %, repeatability and acceptable long term stability over a 10-day period. Good recovery from both tap and river water was achieved, with recovery ranging from 90.4 to 98.9 % for tap water and from 83.5 to 94.4 % for real river water samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiran Luo
- Department of Chemistry, Maynooth University, Co. Kildare, Ireland.
| | - Tara N Barwa
- Department of Chemistry, Maynooth University, Co. Kildare, Ireland
| | - Eithne Dempsey
- Department of Chemistry, Maynooth University, Co. Kildare, Ireland; Kathleen Lonsdale Institute for Human Health Research, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland
| | - Raj Karthik
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - J J Shim
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Ramaraj Sukanya
- Department of Chemistry, Maynooth University, Co. Kildare, Ireland
| | - Carmel B Breslin
- Department of Chemistry, Maynooth University, Co. Kildare, Ireland; Kathleen Lonsdale Institute for Human Health Research, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland.
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Kim NY, Lee HY, Choi YY, Mo SJ, Jeon S, Ha JH, Park SD, Shim JJ, Lee J, Chung BG. Effect of gut microbiota-derived metabolites and extracellular vesicles on neurodegenerative disease in a gut-brain axis chip. Nano Converg 2024; 11:7. [PMID: 38340254 DOI: 10.1186/s40580-024-00413-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
A new perspective suggests that a dynamic bidirectional communication system, often referred to as the microbiome-gut-brain axis, exists among the gut, its microbiome, and the central nervous system (CNS). This system may influence brain health and various brain-related diseases, especially in the realms of neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative conditions. However, the exact mechanism is not yet understood. Metabolites or extracellular vesicles derived from microbes in the gut have the capacity to traverse the intestinal epithelial barrier or blood-brain barrier, gaining access to the systemic circulation. This phenomenon can initiate the physiological responses that directly or indirectly impact the CNS and its function. However, reliable and controllable tools are required to demonstrate the causal effects of gut microbial-derived substances on neurogenesis and neurodegenerative diseases. The integration of microfluidics enhances scientific research by providing advanced in vitro engineering models. In this study, we investigated the impact of microbe-derived metabolites and exosomes on neurodevelopment and neurodegenerative disorders using human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs)-derived neurons in a gut-brain axis chip. While strain-specific, our findings indicate that both microbial-derived metabolites and exosomes exert the significant effects on neural growth, maturation, and synaptic plasticity. Therefore, our results suggest that metabolites and exosomes derived from microbes hold promise as potential candidates and strategies for addressing neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Yeon Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Sogang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ho Yeon Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Sogang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yoon Young Choi
- Institute of Integrated Biotechnology, Sogang University, Seoul, Korea
| | | | | | - Jang Ho Ha
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sogang University, Seoul, Korea
| | | | | | | | - Bong Geun Chung
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Sogang University, Seoul, Korea.
- Institute of Integrated Biotechnology, Sogang University, Seoul, Korea.
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sogang University, Seoul, Korea.
- Institute of Smart Biosensor, Sogang University, Seoul, Korea.
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Kim HJ, Jeon HJ, Kim JY, Shim JJ, Lee JH. Lactiplantibacillus plantarum HY7718 Improves Intestinal Integrity in a DSS-Induced Ulcerative Colitis Mouse Model by Suppressing Inflammation through Modulation of the Gut Microbiota. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:575. [PMID: 38203747 PMCID: PMC10779067 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), a chronic condition that causes persistent inflammation in the digestive system, is closely associated with the intestinal microbiome. Here, we evaluated the effects of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum HY7718 (HY7718) on IBD symptoms in mice with dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis. Oral administration of HY7718 led to significant improvement in the disease activity index score and the histological index, as well as preventing weight loss, in model mice. HY7718 upregulated the expression of intestinal tight junction (TJ)-related genes and downregulated the expression of genes encoding pro-inflammatory cytokines and genes involved in the TLR/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway. Additionally, HY7718 reduced the blood levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, as well as reversing DSS-induced changes to the composition of the intestinal microbiome. HY7718 also increased the percentage of beneficial bacteria (Lactiplantibacillus and Bifidobacterium), which correlated positively with the expression of intestinal TJ-related genes. Finally, HY7718 decreased the population of pathogens such as Escherichia, which correlated with IBD symptoms. The data suggest that HY7718 improves intestinal integrity in colitis model mice by regulating the expression of TJ proteins and inflammatory cytokines, as well as the composition of the intestinal microflora. Thus, L. plantarum HY7718 may be suitable as a functional supplement that improves IBD symptoms and gut health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Joo-Yun Kim
- R&BD Center, hy Co., Ltd., 22, Giheungdanji-ro 24beon-gil, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si 17086, Republic of Korea; (H.-J.K.); (H.-J.J.); (J.-J.S.); (J.-H.L.)
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Kim H, Lee K, Kim JY, Shim JJ, Lim J, Kim JY, Lee JL. Lactobacillus helveticus Isolated from Raw Milk Improves Liver Function, Hepatic Steatosis, and Lipid Metabolism in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Mouse Model. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2466. [PMID: 37894124 PMCID: PMC10609090 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11102466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Here, we show that Lactiplantibacillus plantarum LP158 (LP158), Lactobacillus helveticus HY7804 (HY7804), and Lacticaseibacillus paracasei LPC226 (LPC226) isolated from raw milk alleviate non-alcoholic fatty acid disease (NAFLD) in a C57BL/6 mouse model. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) were screened for their ability to inhibit fatty acid accumulation in palmitic acid (PA)-treated HepG2 cells, and three strains were selected based on the results. We also investigated hemolytic activity and antibiotic resistance of the three strains. LP158, HY7804, and LPC226 suppressed expression of mRNA encoding genes related to lipogenesis, and increased expression of genes related to β-oxidation, in a PA-induced HepG2 cell model. Moreover, when LP158, HY7804, and LPC226 were administered at 109 CFU/kg/day for 8 weeks to mice with dietary-induced NAFLD, they all modulated blood biochemistry markers and reduced steatosis in liver tissue. Also, all three strains significantly reduced expression of mRNA encoding lipogenesis genes (Fasn, Acaca, and Srebp-1c) and inflammatory factors (Tnfα and Ccl-2) and fibrosis factors, and increased expression of a β-oxidation gene (Acox1) in the liver. In particular, HY7804 showed the strongest effects both in vitro and in vivo. Therefore, HY7804, LP158, and LPC226 can be proposed as potential supplements that can improve NAFLD through anti-steatosis, anti-inflammatory, and anti-fibrotic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeonji Kim
- R&BD Center, hy Co., Ltd., 22, Giheungdanji-ro 24beon-gil, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si 17086, Republic of Korea; (H.K.); (K.L.); (J.-Y.K.); (J.-J.S.)
| | - Kippeum Lee
- R&BD Center, hy Co., Ltd., 22, Giheungdanji-ro 24beon-gil, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si 17086, Republic of Korea; (H.K.); (K.L.); (J.-Y.K.); (J.-J.S.)
| | - Ju-Yeon Kim
- R&BD Center, hy Co., Ltd., 22, Giheungdanji-ro 24beon-gil, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si 17086, Republic of Korea; (H.K.); (K.L.); (J.-Y.K.); (J.-J.S.)
| | - Jae-Jung Shim
- R&BD Center, hy Co., Ltd., 22, Giheungdanji-ro 24beon-gil, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si 17086, Republic of Korea; (H.K.); (K.L.); (J.-Y.K.); (J.-J.S.)
| | - Junghyun Lim
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea;
| | - Joo-Yun Kim
- R&BD Center, hy Co., Ltd., 22, Giheungdanji-ro 24beon-gil, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si 17086, Republic of Korea; (H.K.); (K.L.); (J.-Y.K.); (J.-J.S.)
| | - Jung-Lyoul Lee
- R&BD Center, hy Co., Ltd., 22, Giheungdanji-ro 24beon-gil, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si 17086, Republic of Korea; (H.K.); (K.L.); (J.-Y.K.); (J.-J.S.)
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Kim H, Yoo MS, Jeon H, Shim JJ, Park WJ, Kim JY, Lee JL. Probiotic Properties and Safety Evaluation of Lactobacillus plantarum HY7718 with Superior Storage Stability Isolated from Fermented Squid. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2254. [PMID: 37764098 PMCID: PMC10534859 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11092254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to identify new potential probiotics with improved storage stability and to evaluate their efficacy and safety. Sixty lactic acid bacteria strains were isolated from Korean traditional fermented foods, and their survival was tested under extreme conditions. Lactobacillus plantarum HY7718 (HY7718) showed the greatest stability during storage. HY7718 also showed a stable growth curve under industrial conditions. Whole genome sequencing revealed that the HY7718 genome comprises 3.26 Mbp, with 44.5% G + C content, and 3056 annotated Protein-coding DNA sequences (CDSs). HY7718 adhered to intestinal epithelial cells and was tolerant to gastric fluids. Additionally, HY7718 exhibited no hemolytic activity and was not resistant to antibiotics, confirming that it has probiotic properties and is safe for consumption. Additionally, we evaluated its effects on intestinal health using TNF-induced Caco-2 cells. HY7718 restored the expression of tight junction proteins such as zonular occludens (ZO-1, ZO-2), occludin (OCLN), and claudins (CLDN1, CLDN4), and regulated the expression of myosin light-chain kinase (MLCK), Elk-1, and nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1 (NFKB1). Moreover, HY7718 reduced the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-6 (IL-6) and IL-8, as well as reducing the levels of peroxide-induced reactive oxygen species. In conclusion, HY7718 has probiotic properties, is safe, is stable under extreme storage conditions, and exerts positive effects on intestinal cells. These results suggest that L. plantarum HY7718 is a potential probiotic for use as a functional supplement in the food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeonji Kim
- R&BD Center, hy Co., Ltd., 22, Giheungdanji-ro 24beon-gil, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si 17086, Republic of Korea; (H.K.); (M.-S.Y.); (H.J.); (J.-J.S.)
| | - Myeong-Seok Yoo
- R&BD Center, hy Co., Ltd., 22, Giheungdanji-ro 24beon-gil, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si 17086, Republic of Korea; (H.K.); (M.-S.Y.); (H.J.); (J.-J.S.)
| | - Hyejin Jeon
- R&BD Center, hy Co., Ltd., 22, Giheungdanji-ro 24beon-gil, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si 17086, Republic of Korea; (H.K.); (M.-S.Y.); (H.J.); (J.-J.S.)
| | - Jae-Jung Shim
- R&BD Center, hy Co., Ltd., 22, Giheungdanji-ro 24beon-gil, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si 17086, Republic of Korea; (H.K.); (M.-S.Y.); (H.J.); (J.-J.S.)
| | - Woo-Jung Park
- Department of Marine Food Science and Technology, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung 25457, Republic of Korea;
| | - Joo-Yun Kim
- R&BD Center, hy Co., Ltd., 22, Giheungdanji-ro 24beon-gil, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si 17086, Republic of Korea; (H.K.); (M.-S.Y.); (H.J.); (J.-J.S.)
| | - Jung-Lyoul Lee
- R&BD Center, hy Co., Ltd., 22, Giheungdanji-ro 24beon-gil, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si 17086, Republic of Korea; (H.K.); (M.-S.Y.); (H.J.); (J.-J.S.)
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Shin YJ, Lee DY, Kim JY, Heo K, Shim JJ, Lee JL, Kim DH. Corrigendum to 'Effect of fermented red ginseng on gut microbiota dysbiosis- or immobilization stress-induced anxiety, depression, and colitis in mice'[Journal of Ginseng Research Volume 47, Issue 2, March 2023, Pages 255-264]. J Ginseng Res 2023; 47:683. [PMID: 37720570 PMCID: PMC10499568 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgr.2023.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.jgr.2022.08.004.].
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoon-Jung Shin
- Neurobiota Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 130872, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Yun Lee
- Neurobiota Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 130872, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo Yun Kim
- R&BD Center, hy Co.Ltd., Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Keon Heo
- R&BD Center, hy Co.Ltd., Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | - Dong-Hyun Kim
- Neurobiota Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 130872, Republic of Korea
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Jung SH, Lee YH, Lee EK, Park SD, Shim JJ, Lee JL, Yoo HH. Effects of Plant-Based Extract Mixture on Alcohol Metabolism and Hangover Improvement in Humans: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Paralleled, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial. J Clin Med 2023; 12:5244. [PMID: 37629284 PMCID: PMC10455467 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12165244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Hangovers are uncomfortable physiological symptoms after alcohol consumption caused by acetaldehyde, a toxic substance in which alcohol is metabolized by alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH). Rapid alcohol and acetaldehyde decomposition are essential to alleviate alcohol handling symptoms. This study investigated the effects of HY_IPA combined with Mesembryanthemum crystallinum, Pueraria lobata flower, and Artemisia indica on alleviating hangovers. A randomized, double-blind, parallel-group, placebo-controlled clinical study was conducted on 80 individuals with hangover symptoms. Alcohol intake was 0.9 g/bw with 40% whiskey, adjusted proportionately to body weight. The Acute Hangover Scale total score was 5.24 ± 5.78 and 18.54 ± 18.50 in the HY_ IPA and placebo groups, respectively (p < 0.0001). All nine indicators of the hangover symptom questionnaire were significantly improved in the HY_IPA group (p < 0.01). Blood alcohol and acetaldehyde concentrations rapidly decreased from 30 min in the HY_IPA group (p < 0.05). ADH and acetaldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) activities in the blood of the HY_IPA group were significantly higher than those in the placebo group at 0, 1, and 2 h after alcohol consumption (p < 0.01). The rapid hangover relief was due to increased ADH and ALDH. Therefore, HY_IPA effectively relieves hangover symptoms by decomposing alcohol and acetaldehyde when consumed before alcohol consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Hee Jung
- R&BD Center, hy Co., Ltd., 22, Giheungdanji-ro 24beon-gil, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si 17086, Republic of Korea; (S.H.J.); (Y.H.L.); (S.-D.P.); (J.-J.S.)
| | - Yun Ha Lee
- R&BD Center, hy Co., Ltd., 22, Giheungdanji-ro 24beon-gil, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si 17086, Republic of Korea; (S.H.J.); (Y.H.L.); (S.-D.P.); (J.-J.S.)
| | - Eun Kyu Lee
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, College of Pharmacy, Hanyang University, 55, Hanyangdaehak-ro, Sangnok-gu, Ansan 15588, Republic of Korea;
| | - Soo-Dong Park
- R&BD Center, hy Co., Ltd., 22, Giheungdanji-ro 24beon-gil, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si 17086, Republic of Korea; (S.H.J.); (Y.H.L.); (S.-D.P.); (J.-J.S.)
| | - Jae-Jung Shim
- R&BD Center, hy Co., Ltd., 22, Giheungdanji-ro 24beon-gil, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si 17086, Republic of Korea; (S.H.J.); (Y.H.L.); (S.-D.P.); (J.-J.S.)
| | - Jung-Lyoul Lee
- R&BD Center, hy Co., Ltd., 22, Giheungdanji-ro 24beon-gil, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si 17086, Republic of Korea; (S.H.J.); (Y.H.L.); (S.-D.P.); (J.-J.S.)
| | - Hye Hyun Yoo
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, College of Pharmacy, Hanyang University, 55, Hanyangdaehak-ro, Sangnok-gu, Ansan 15588, Republic of Korea;
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Ma X, Shin YJ, Park HS, Jeong JW, Kim JY, Shim JJ, Lee JL, Kim DH. Lactobacillus casei and Its Supplement Alleviate Stress-Induced Depression and Anxiety in Mice by the Regulation of BDNF Expression and NF-κB Activation. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15112488. [PMID: 37299451 DOI: 10.3390/nu15112488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Stress-induced depression and anxiety (DA) are closely connected to gastrointestinal inflammation and dysbiosis, which can suppress brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the brain. Herein, we isolated the BDNF expression-inducing probiotics Lactobacillus casei HY2782 and Bifidobacterium lactis HY8002 in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated SH-SY5Y cells. Then, we investigated the effects of HY2782, HY8002, anti-inflammatory L-theanine, and their supplement (PfS, probiotics-fermented L-theanine-containing supplement) on DA in mice exposed to restraint stress (RS) or the fecal microbiota of patients with inflammatory bowel disease and depression (FMd). Oral administration of HY2782, HY8002, or L-theanine alleviated RS-induced DA-like behaviors. They also decreased RS-induced hippocampal interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6 levels, as well as NF-κB-positive cell numbers, blood corticosterone level, and colonic IL-1β and IL-6 levels and NF-κB-positive cell numbers. L-theanine more potently suppressed DA-like behaviors and inflammation-related marker levels than probiotics. However, these probiotics more potently increased RS-suppressed hippocampal BDNF level and BDNF+NeuN+ cell numbers than L-theanine. Furthermore, HY2782 and HY8002 suppressed RS-increased Proteobacteria and Verrucomicrobia populations in gut microbiota. In particular, they increased Lachnospiraceae and Lactobacillacease populations, which are closely positively associated with hippocampal BDNF expression, and suppressed Sutterellaceae, Helicobacteriaceae, Akkermansiaceae, and Enterobacteriaceae populations, which are closely positively associated with hippocampal IL-1β expression. HY2782 and HY8002 potently alleviated FMd-induced DA-like behaviors and increased FMd-suppressed BDNF, serotonin levels, and BDNF-positive neuronal cell numbers in the brain. They alleviated blood corticosterone level and colonic IL-1β α and IL-6 levels. However, L-theanine weakly, but not significantly, alleviated FMd-induced DA-like behaviors and gut inflammation. BDNF expression-inducing probiotic (HY2782, HY8002, Streptococcus thermophilus, and Lactobacillus acidophilus)-fermented and anti-inflammatory L-theanine-containing supplement PfS alleviated DA-like behaviors, inflammation-related biomarker levels, and gut dysbiosis more than probiotics or L-theanine. Based on these findings, a combination of BDNF expression-inducing probiotics with anti-inflammatory L-theanine may additively or synergistically alleviate DA and gut dysbiosis by regulating gut microbiota-mediated inflammation and BDNF expression, thereby being beneficial for DA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyang Ma
- Neurobiota Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon-Jung Shin
- Neurobiota Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Seo Park
- Neurobiota Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Woong Jeong
- R&BD Department, hy Co., Ltd., Seoul 06530, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo Yun Kim
- R&BD Department, hy Co., Ltd., Seoul 06530, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Jung Shim
- R&BD Department, hy Co., Ltd., Seoul 06530, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Lyoul Lee
- R&BD Department, hy Co., Ltd., Seoul 06530, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Hyun Kim
- Neurobiota Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
- PBLbiolab, Seoul 02823, Republic of Korea
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Lee JY, Son HG, Koo Y, Jung SH, Park SD, Shim JJ, Lee JL, Lee YH. Protective Effects of Cudrania tricuspidata Against Helicobacter pylori-Induced Inflammation in C57BL/6 Mice. J Med Food 2023; 26:224-231. [PMID: 36862521 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2022.k.0133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori modulates the host inflammatory response, resulting in chronic gastritis, which contributes to gastric cancer pathogenesis. We verified the effect of Cudrania tricuspidata on H. pylori infection by inhibiting H. pylori-induced inflammatory activity. Five-week-old C57BL/6 mice (n = 8) were administered C. tricuspidata leaf extract (10 or 20 mg/kg per day) for 6 weeks. An invasive test (campylobacter-like organism [CLO]) and noninvasive tests (stool antigen test [SAT] and H. pylori antibody enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) were performed to confirm the eradication of H. pylori. To evaluate the anti-inflammatory effect of C. tricuspidata, pro-inflammatory cytokines levels and inflammation scores were measured in mouse gastric tissue. C. tricuspidata significantly decreased the CLO score and H. pylori immunoglobulin G antibody optical density levels at both 10 and 20 mg/kg per day doses (P < .05). C. tricuspidata decreased the H. pylori antibody levels in a concentration-dependent manner, increased negative responses to SAT by up to 37.5%, and inhibited the pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL; IL-1β, IL-6, 1L-8, and tumor necrosis factor alpha). C. tricuspidata also relieved gastric erosions and ulcers and significantly reduced the inflammation score (P < .05). We measured rutin in C. tricuspidata extract as a standard for high-performance liquid chromatography. C. tricuspidata leaf extract showed anti-H. pylori activity through the inhibition of inflammation. Our findings suggest that C. tricuspidata leaf extract is potentially an effective functional food material against H. pylori.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong Yoon Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, University of Suwon, Hwasung, South Korea
| | - Hyung Gu Son
- Department of Food and Nutrition, University of Suwon, Hwasung, South Korea
| | - Yejin Koo
- Department of Food and Nutrition, University of Suwon, Hwasung, South Korea
| | | | | | | | | | - Yoo-Hyun Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, University of Suwon, Hwasung, South Korea
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Kim JY, Moon EC, Kim JY, Kim HJ, Heo K, Shim JJ, Lee JL. Lactobacillus helveticus HY7801 ameliorates bacterial vaginosis by inhibiting biofilm formation and epithelial cell adhesion of Gardnerella vaginalis. Food Sci Biotechnol 2023; 32:507-515. [PMID: 36911333 PMCID: PMC9992491 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-022-01208-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is caused by a microbial imbalance in the vaginal ecosystem, which causes genital discomfort and a variety of potential complications in women. This study validated the potential of Lactobacillus helveticus HY7801 as a probiotic to benefit vaginal health. In vivo, HY7801 reduced the number of Gardnerella vaginalis (GV) and pro-inflammatory cytokines in the vagina of GV-induced BV mice and ameliorated vaginal histological changes. In vitro, HY7801 exhibited positive resistance to simulated gastrointestinal conditions, showed excellent adherence ability to the female genital epithelium, and had high lactic acid and H2O2 production capacity. Furthermore, it was found that HY7801 can alleviate BV because it can suppress the expression of virulence factor genes of GV involved in epithelial cell adhesion and biofilm formation along with antibacterial activity against GV. These results indicate that HY7801 can be used as a promising probiotic strain for the maintenance of a healthy vaginal physiological state. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10068-022-01208-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joo Yun Kim
- R & BD Center, hy Co. Ltd., 22, Giheungdanji-ro 24beon-gil, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, 17086 Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Chae Moon
- R & BD Center, hy Co. Ltd., 22, Giheungdanji-ro 24beon-gil, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, 17086 Republic of Korea
| | - Ju-Yeon Kim
- R & BD Center, hy Co. Ltd., 22, Giheungdanji-ro 24beon-gil, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, 17086 Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeon Ji Kim
- R & BD Center, hy Co. Ltd., 22, Giheungdanji-ro 24beon-gil, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, 17086 Republic of Korea
| | - Keon Heo
- R & BD Center, hy Co. Ltd., 22, Giheungdanji-ro 24beon-gil, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, 17086 Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Jung Shim
- R & BD Center, hy Co. Ltd., 22, Giheungdanji-ro 24beon-gil, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, 17086 Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Lyoul Lee
- R & BD Center, hy Co. Ltd., 22, Giheungdanji-ro 24beon-gil, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, 17086 Republic of Korea
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Shin YJ, Lee DY, Kim JY, Heo K, Shim JJ, Lee JL, Kim DH. Effect of fermented red ginseng on gut microbiota dysbiosis- or immobilization stress-induced anxiety, depression, and colitis in mice. J Ginseng Res 2023; 47:255-264. [PMID: 36926604 PMCID: PMC10014181 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgr.2022.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Red ginseng (RG) alleviates psychiatric disorders. Fermented red ginseng (fRG) alleviates stress-induced gut inflammation. Gut dysbiosis causes psychiatric disorders with gut inflammation. To understand the gut microbiota-mediated action mechanism of RG and fRG against anxiety/depression (AD), we investigated the effects of RG, fRG, ginsenoside Rd, and 20(S)-β-D-glucopyranosyl protopanaxadiol (CK) on gut microbiota dysbiosis-induced AD and colitis in mice. Methods Mice with AD and colitis were prepared by exposing to immobilization stress (IS) or transplanting the feces of patients with ulcerative colitis and depression (UCDF). AD-like behaviors were measured in the elevated plus maze, light/dark transition, forced swimming, and tail suspension tests. Results Oral gavage of UCDF increased AD-like behaviors and induced neuroinflammation, gastrointestinal inflammation, and gut microbiota fluctuation in mice. Oral administration of fRG or RG treatment reduced UCDF-induced AD-like behaviors, hippocampal and hypothalamic IL-6 expression, and blood corticosterone level, whereas UCDF-suppressed hippocampal BDNF+NeuN+ cell population and dopamine and hypothalamic serotonin levels increased. Furthermore, their treatments suppressed UCDF-induced colonic inflammation and partially restored UCDF-induced gut microbiota fluctuation. Oral administration of fRG, RG, Rd, or CK also decreased IS-induced AD-like behaviors, blood IL-6 and corticosterone and colonic IL-6 and TNF-α levels, and gut dysbiosis, while IS-suppressed hypothalamic dopamine and serotonin levels increased. Conclusion Oral gavage of UCDF caused AD, neuroinflammation, and gastrointestinal inflammation in mice. fRG mitigated AD and colitis in UCDF-exposed mice by the regulation of the microbiota-gut-brain axis and IS-exposed mice by the regulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis.
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Key Words
- AD, anxiety/depression
- BDNF, brain-derived neurotropic factor
- CK, 20(S)-β-D-glucopyranosyl protopanaxadiol
- ELISA, enzyme-linked immunoassay
- EPMT, elevated plus maze task
- FMT, fecal microbiota transplantation
- FST, forced swimming test
- HPA, hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal
- IL, interleukin
- IS, immobilization stress
- LDTT, light/dark transition task
- RG, red ginseng
- TNBS, 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid
- TNF, tumor necrosis factor
- TST, tail suspension test
- UCD, ulcerative colitis and depression
- UCDF, the feces of patients with ulcerative colitis and depression
- depression
- fRG, fermented red ginseng
- fermentation
- ginsenoside Rd
- gut microbiota
- red ginseng
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoon-Jung Shin
- Neurobiota Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Yun Lee
- Neurobiota Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo Yun Kim
- R&BD Center, hy Co.Ltd., Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Keon Heo
- R&BD Center, hy Co.Ltd., Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | - Dong-Hyun Kim
- Neurobiota Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Kang SG, Choi YY, Mo SJ, Kim TH, Ha JH, Hong DK, Lee H, Park SD, Shim JJ, Lee JL, Chung BG. Effect of gut microbiome-derived metabolites and extracellular vesicles on hepatocyte functions in a gut-liver axis chip. Nano Converg 2023; 10:5. [PMID: 36645561 PMCID: PMC9842828 DOI: 10.1186/s40580-022-00350-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Metabolism, is a complex process involving the gut and the liver tissue, is difficult to be reproduced in vitro with conventional single cell culture systems. To tackle this challenge, we developed a gut-liver-axis chip consisting of the gut epithelial cell chamber and three-dimensional (3D) uniform-sized liver spheroid chamber. Two cell culture chamber compartments were separated with a porous membrane to prevent microorganisms from passing through the chamber. When the hepG2 spheroids cultured with microbiota-derived metabolites, we observed the changes in the physiological function of hepG2 spheroids, showing that the albumin and urea secretion activity of liver spheroids was significantly enhanced. Additionally, the functional validation of hepG2 spheroids treated with microbiota-derived exosome was evaluated that the treatment of the microbiota-derived exosome significantly enhanced albumin and urea in hepG2 spheroids in a gut-liver axis chip. Therefore, this gut-liver axis chip could be a potentially powerful co-culture platform to study the interaction of microbiota and host cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong Goo Kang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Sogang University, Seoul, 04107, Korea
| | - Yoon Young Choi
- Institute of Integrated Biotechnology, Sogang University, Seoul, 04107, Korea
| | | | - Tae Hyeon Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sogang University, Seoul, 04107, Korea
| | - Jang Ho Ha
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sogang University, Seoul, 04107, Korea
| | | | - Hayera Lee
- R&BD Center, hy Co., Ltd., Yongin-Si, Korea
| | | | | | | | - Bong Geun Chung
- Institute of Integrated Biotechnology, Sogang University, Seoul, 04107, Korea.
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sogang University, Seoul, 04107, Korea.
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Kim JH, Ra JH, Kang H, Park SD, Shim JJ, Lee JL. Lactobacillus paracasei HP7 with Portulaca oleracea Linn. Alleviates Scopolamine-Induced Cognitive Decline via Regulation of Neurotrophic Factor and Inflammation Signals in Mice. Prev Nutr Food Sci 2022; 27:414-422. [PMID: 36721752 PMCID: PMC9843713 DOI: 10.3746/pnf.2022.27.4.414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
People often experience cognitive deterioration of various degrees, from early-stage mild cognitive impairment to severe cognitive decline. Cognitive deterioration is related to many diseases and studied to alleviated inflammation reaction or oxidative stress. In the present study, the levels of various memory-related proteins: brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), amyloid beta (Aβ) 42, Aβ40, interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha were measured. Among Lactobacillus paracasei HP7 (HP7), Portulaca oleracea Linn. (PO) and HP7 together with PO (HP7A), the HP7A group had the best effect on increasing BDNF expression and suppressing Aβ40 expression. Also, we measured the protective effect on scopolamine-induced cognitive decline in mice. In the acquisition test, the HP7A group most reliably relieved cognitive decline from days 2 to 5 of scopolamine injection. When the probe test was performed on the day 6 of scopolamine injection, the HP7A group had the shortest escape latency. Based on the results of the Morris water maze tasks, we suggest that HP7A is most useful for ameliorating cognitive decline. It is suggested that the HP7A ameliorating scopolamine-induced cognitive decline via the increase of BDNF expression and the suppression of Aβ40 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Hyun Kim
- R&BD Center, hy Co., Ltd., Gyeonggi 17086, Korea
| | - Je Hyeon Ra
- R&BD Center, hy Co., Ltd., Gyeonggi 17086, Korea
| | - Heerim Kang
- R&BD Center, hy Co., Ltd., Gyeonggi 17086, Korea
| | | | | | - Jung-Lyoul Lee
- R&BD Center, hy Co., Ltd., Gyeonggi 17086, Korea,
Correspondence to Jung-Lyoul Lee, E-mail:
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Lee H, Kim H, Kim JH, Park SD, Shim JJ, Lee JL. Lactobacillus paracasei HY7015 and Lycopus lucidus Turcz. Extract Promotes Human Dermal Papilla Cell Cytoprotective Effect and Hair Regrowth Rate in C57BL/6 Mice. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27238235. [PMID: 36500327 PMCID: PMC9738319 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27238235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Hair loss is a disease that requires accurate diagnosis and type-specific medical treatment. Many hair loss treatments have some side effects, such as hormone-related effects, so there is a need for safe and effective hair loss treatment. In this study, we investigated the effects of Lactobacillus paracasei HY7015 (HY7015) and Lycopus lucidus Turcz. (LT) extract on hair regrowth and protection. In vitro experiments were conducted to assess the effects of HY7015 and/or LT extract on human follicle dermal papilla cells (HFDPC) of cytoprotective functions such as proliferations, antioxidants, anti-inflammatory, and growth factor expressions. In animal experiments, we investigated hair regrowth rate, hair follicle formation and secretion of growth factors in telogenic C57BL/6 mice. We confirmed the cytoprotective effects of HY7015 and LT through regulations of proliferation, SOD and IL-1β in HFDPC. In mouse experiments, oral administration of HY7015 and LT promoted hair regrowth as well as hair follicle maturation in the dermal skin of C57BL/6 mice, and upregulated VEGF and IGF-1 growth factor levels in mouse serum. In summary, our data demonstrate that ingestions of HY7015 and LT can promote hair regrowth by enhancing cytoprotective effects and expressions of growth factors.
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Kim JY, Kim JY, Kim H, Moon EC, Heo K, Shim JJ, Lee JL. Immunostimulatory effects of dairy probiotic strains Bifidobacterium animalis ssp. lactis HY8002 and Lactobacillus plantarum HY7717. J Anim Sci Technol 2022; 64:1117-1131. [PMID: 36812033 PMCID: PMC9890336 DOI: 10.5187/jast.2022.e84] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies reported that Bifidobacterium animalis ssp. lactis HY8002 (HY8002) improved intestinal integrity and had immunomodulatory effects. Lactobacillus plantarum HY7717 (HY7717) was screened in vitro from among 21 other lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and demonstrated nitric oxide (NO) production. The aims of this study were to investigate the individual and combined ex vivo and in vivo effects of LAB strains HY8002 and HY7717 at immunostimulating mice that have been challenged with an immunosuppressant drug. The combination of HY8002 and HY7717 increased the secretion of cytokines such as interferon (IFN)-γ, interleukin (IL)-12, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in splenocytes. In a cyclophosphamide (CTX)-induced immunosuppression model, administration of the foregoing LAB combination improved the splenic and hematological indices, activated natural killer (NK) cells, and up-regulated plasma immunoglobulins and cytokines. Moreover, this combination treatment increased Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) expression. The ability of the combination treatment to upregulate IFN-γ and TNF-α in the splenocytes was inhibited by anti-TLR2 antibody. Hence, the immune responses stimulated by the combination of HY8002 and HY7717 are associated with TLR2 activation. The preceding findings suggest that the combination of the HY8002 and HY7717 LAB strains could prove to be a beneficial and efficacious immunostimulant probiotic supplement. The combination of the two probiotic strains will be applied on the dairy foods including yogurt and cheese.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju-Yeon Kim
- R&BD Center, hy Co.,
Ltd., Yongin 17086, Korea
| | - Joo Yun Kim
- R&BD Center, hy Co.,
Ltd., Yongin 17086, Korea
| | - Hyeonji Kim
- R&BD Center, hy Co.,
Ltd., Yongin 17086, Korea
| | | | - Keon Heo
- R&BD Center, hy Co.,
Ltd., Yongin 17086, Korea,Corresponding author: Keon Heo,
R&BD Center, hy Co., Ltd., Yongin 17086, Korea. Tel: +82-70-7835-6040,
E-mail:
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Jung SH, Bae CH, Kim JH, Park SD, Shim JJ, Lee JL. Lactobacillus casei HY2782 and Pueraria lobata Root Extract Complex Ameliorates Particulate Matter-Induced Airway Inflammation in Mice by Inhibiting Th2 and Th17 Immune Responses. Prev Nutr Food Sci 2022; 27:188-197. [PMID: 35919572 PMCID: PMC9309071 DOI: 10.3746/pnf.2022.27.2.188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effects of Lactobacillus casei HY2782 and Pueraria lobata root extract complex (HY2782 complex) in mitigating airway inflammation resulting from exposure to particulate matter ≤2.5 μm in diameter (PM2.5) in an animal model. Chronic inflammatory airway disease is associated with Th2-related cytokines interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, and IL-13 and Th17-related cytokine IL-17A, which are the major contributors to allergy and asthma. Results indicated that PM2.5 elevates allergen-related airway inflammation and respiratory hyperresponsiveness in C57BL/6 mice. The HY2782 complex significantly reduced Th2/Th17-derived cytokines IL-4, IL5, IL-13, and IL-17A; immunoglobulin E; and leukotriene C4 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and serum. Furthermore, the HY2782 complex was associated with the modulation of oxidative stress-related genes. Administration of the HY2782 complex resulted in a markedly reduced number of neutrophils and eosinophil infiltration in BALF. Histopathological observation of lung tissue also showed reduced inflammatory cell infiltration into airways and surrounding tissue. The HY2782 complex may be a promising candidate for the preventive therapy of allergic diseases and airway inflammation caused by PM2.5 inhalation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chu Hyun Bae
- R&BD Center, hy Co., Ltd., Gyeonggi 17086, Korea
| | - Ji Hyun Kim
- R&BD Center, hy Co., Ltd., Gyeonggi 17086, Korea
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Kim JY, Bang SJ, Kim JY, Choi EJ, Heo K, Shim JJ, Lee JL. The Probiotic Strain Bifidobacterium animalis ssp. lactis HY8002 Potentially Improves the Mucosal Integrity of an Altered Intestinal Microbial Environment. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:817591. [PMID: 35572671 PMCID: PMC9102380 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.817591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Intestinal microbiota mediate the development and regulation of the intestinal immune system either directly or indirectly. Particularly, Bifidobacterium spp. play an important role in regulating the intestinal immunity and intestinal barrier. We demonstrated that Bifidobacterium animalis ssp. lactis HY8002, selected from eight Bifidobacterium strains by in vitro experimentation, had exceptional resistance to digestive tract conditions and high adhesion to intestinal epithelial cells and a positive effect on immunoglobulin A (IgA) secretion by Peyer’s patch cells. Moreover, HY8002 restored the expression of tight junction-related genes, initially reduced by lipopolysaccharide treatment, to normal levels in human intestinal epithelial cells. Notably, HY8002 restored kanamycin-induced reduction in Peyer’s patch cell numbers, serum and fecal IgA levels, and zonula occludens 1 and Toll-like receptor 2 levels in the mouse small intestine. In addition, HY8002 restores microbiome composition disturbed by kanamycin, and these microbiome changes have been found to correlate with TLR2 levels in the small intestine. Moreover, the ability of HY8002 to enhance IgA in Peyer’s patch cells and ZO-1 levels in intestinal epithelial cells was significantly inhibited by a TLR2 blocking antibody, which suggests that the HY8002 improve intestinal barrier function via TLR2. Finally, whole-genome sequencing of HY8002 revealed that it did not possess any known virulence factors. Therefore, HY8002 is a promising, functional probiotic supplement to improve intestinal barrier function by improving intestinal immunity and microbiota balance.
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Jeon MS, Choi YY, Mo SJ, Ha JH, Lee YS, Lee HU, Park SD, Shim JJ, Lee JL, Chung BG. Contributions of the microbiome to intestinal inflammation in a gut-on-a-chip. Nano Converg 2022; 9:8. [PMID: 35133522 PMCID: PMC8825925 DOI: 10.1186/s40580-022-00299-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The intestinal microbiome affects a number of biological functions of the organism. Although the animal model is a powerful tool to study the relationship between the host and microbe, a physiologically relevant in vitro human intestinal system has still unmet needs. Thus, the establishment of an in vitro living cell-based system of the intestine that can mimic the mechanical, structural, absorptive, transport and pathophysiological properties of the human intestinal environment along with its commensal bacterial strains can promote pharmaceutical development and potentially replace animal testing. In this paper, we present a microfluidic-based gut model which allows co-culture of human and microbial cells to mimic the gastrointestinal structure. The gut microenvironment is recreated by flowing fluid at a low rate (21 μL/h) over the microchannels. Under these conditions, we demonstrated the capability of gut-on-a-chip to recapitulate in vivo relevance epithelial cell differentiation including highly polarized epithelium, mucus secretion, and tight membrane integrity. Additionally, we observed that the co-culture of damaged epithelial layer with the probiotics resulted in a substantial responded recovery of barrier function without bacterial overgrowth in a gut-on-a-chip. Therefore, this gut-on-a-chip could promote explorations interaction with host between microbe and provide the insights into questions of fundamental research linking the intestinal microbiome to human health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Seo Jeon
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Sogang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yoon Young Choi
- Institute of Integrated Biotechnology, Sogang University, Seoul, Korea
| | | | - Jang Ho Ha
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sogang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Seo Lee
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sogang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hee Uk Lee
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sogang University, Seoul, Korea
| | | | | | | | - Bong Geun Chung
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sogang University, Seoul, Korea.
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Kim JK, Lee EK, Bae CH, Park SD, Shim JJ, Lee JL, Yoo HH, Kim DH. The Impact of Gut Microbiome on the Pharmacokinetics of Ginsenosides Rd and Rg3 in Mice after Oral Administration of Red Ginseng. Am J Chin Med 2021; 49:1897-1912. [PMID: 34961415 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x21500890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Ginsenosides of orally administered red ginseng (RG) extracts are metabolized and absorbed into blood. Here, we examined the pharmacokinetic profiles of ginsenosides Rd and Rg3 in mice orally gavaged with RG, then investigated the correlations between these and gut microbiota composition. RG water extract (RGw), RG ethanol extract (RGe), or fermented RGe (fRGe) was orally gavaged in mice. The plasma concentrations of the ginsenosides were determined, and the gut microbiota composition was analyzed. RGe and fRGe-treated mice showed higher plasma concentration levels of ginsenoside Rd compared with RGw-treated mice; particularly, ginsenoside Rd absorbed was substantially high in fRGe-treated mice. Oral administration of RG extracts modified the gut microbiota composition; the modified gut microbiota, such as Peptococcaceae, Rikenellaceae, and Hungateiclostridiaceae, were closely correlated with the absorption of ginsenosides, such as Rd and Rg3. These results suggest that oral administration of RG extracts can modify gut microbiome, which may consequently affect the bioavailability of RG ginsenosides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeon-Kyung Kim
- Neurobiota Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea
| | - Eun Kyu Lee
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology and College of Pharmacy, Hanyang University, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do 15588, Korea
| | | | | | | | | | - Hye Hyun Yoo
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology and College of Pharmacy, Hanyang University, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do 15588, Korea
| | - Dong-Hyun Kim
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology and College of Pharmacy, Hanyang University, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do 15588, Korea
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Shin J, Oh TH, Kim JY, Shim JJ, Lee JL. Efficacy and Safety of the Cudrania tricuspidata Extract on Functional Dyspepsia: A Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Multicenter Study. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10225323. [PMID: 34830605 PMCID: PMC8621513 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10225323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cudrania tricuspidata is a folk remedy used to treat inflammation in patients with tumors or liver damage. This study investigated the efficacy of Cudrania tricuspidata extract (CTE) for relieving the symptoms of functional dyspepsia. In an 8-week, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study, 100 adults with any condition featured in the Rome IV criteria and a Gastrointestinal Symptoms Scale (GIS) score ≥4 were randomly allocated to take either a placebo (maltodextrin) or a 50 mg CTE tablet, which equally included celluloses, magnesium stearate, and silicon dioxide, twice daily, 20 January 2020, and 3 August 2020. Among the 83 participants finally analyzed, the CTE group was associated with a significant reduction in the gastrointestinal symptom rating scale (day 0: 8.0 ± 5.2, day 28: 4.7 ± 3.9, and day 56: 2.3 ± 2.4, p < 0.001, respectively) in comparison with the control group (day 0: 8.1 ± 4.7, day 28: 7.8 ± 5.7, and day 56: 7.5 ± 6.6, p > 0.05) after adjusting for smoking, drinking, eating habits, stress levels, and caffeine intake. The CTE group resulted in significant improvements of GIS, Nepean Dyspepsia Index (Korean version), and functional dyspepsia-related quality of life over time. There were no different adverse events (p = 0.523). These findings suggest that CTE is safe and efficacious for alleviating gastrointestinal symptoms in patients with functional dyspepsia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyoung Shin
- Department of Family Medicine, Research Institute on Healthy Aging, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul 05030, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-2030-7698; Fax: +82-2-2030-7748
| | - Tae-Hoon Oh
- Division of Gastroenterology, Vievis Namuh Hospital, Seoul 06117, Korea;
| | - Joo-Yun Kim
- R&BD Center, hy. Co., Ltd., Yongin 17086, Korea; (J.-Y.K.); (J.-J.S.); (J.-L.L.)
| | - Jae-Jung Shim
- R&BD Center, hy. Co., Ltd., Yongin 17086, Korea; (J.-Y.K.); (J.-J.S.); (J.-L.L.)
| | - Jung-Lyoul Lee
- R&BD Center, hy. Co., Ltd., Yongin 17086, Korea; (J.-Y.K.); (J.-J.S.); (J.-L.L.)
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Lee K, Kim J, Park SD, Shim JJ, Lee JL. Lactobacillus plantarum HY7715 Ameliorates Sarcopenia by Improving Skeletal Muscle Mass and Function in Aged Balb/c Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221810023. [PMID: 34576187 PMCID: PMC8466743 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221810023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenia is a loss of muscle mass and function in elderly people and can lead to physical frailty and fall-related injuries. Sarcopenia is an inevitable event of the aging process that substantially impacts a person's quality of life. Recent studies to improve muscle function through the intake of various functional food materials are attracting attention. However, it is not yet known whether probiotics can improve muscle mass and muscle strength and affect physical performance. Lactobacillus plantarum HY7715 (HY7715) is a lactic acid bacteria isolated from kimchi. The present research shows that L. plantarum HY7715 increases physical performance and skeletal muscle mass in 80-week-old aged Balb/c male mice. HY7715 not only induces myoblast differentiation and mitochondrial biogenesis but also inhibits the sarcopenic process in skeletal muscle. In addition, HY7715 recovers the microbiome composition and beta-diversity shift. Therefore, HY7715 has promise as a functional probiotic supplement to improve the degeneration of muscle function that is associated with aging.
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Kim JY, Jang SS, Lee JL, Sim JH, Shim JJ. Cudrania tricuspidata Extract Protects against Reflux Esophagitis by Blocking H 2 Histamine Receptors. Prev Nutr Food Sci 2019; 24:159-164. [PMID: 31328120 PMCID: PMC6615352 DOI: 10.3746/pnf.2019.24.2.159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cudrania tricuspidata has been used in East Asia as a folk medicine for symptoms such as inflammation, allergy, and gastritis. Administration of C. tricuspidata extract to pylori-ligated rat stomachs reduces gastric acid secretion and alleviates esophagus damage caused by gastric reflux. Therefore, in this study we aimed to investigate whether C. tricuspidata extracts inhibit reflux esophagitis by blocking H2 histamine receptor (H2R). Dimaprit, a H2R specific agonist, induced intracellular cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) production in U937 cells. Pretreatment with C. tricuspidata extracts significantly blocked dimaprit-induced cAMP production in a concentration-dependent manner. To extracted C. tricuspidata with different ethanol concentrations to determine the optimum method. We found that the 70% ethanol extract showed the most potent H2R antagonistic effect against dimaprit-induced cAMP production. However, water extract did not show any H2R blocking effect. These findings suggest that C. tricuspidata extracted using ethanol specifically inhibits gastric acid secretion and reduces esophageal injury by blocking H2R in a competitive manner. Therefore, C. tricuspidata extracts may be used in food or medicine to prevent H2R-related diseases, such as gastric hyperacidity and reflux esophagitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joo Yun Kim
- R&BD Center, Korea Yakult Co. Ltd., Gyeonggi 17086, Korea
| | - Sung Sik Jang
- R&BD Center, Korea Yakult Co. Ltd., Gyeonggi 17086, Korea
| | - Jung Lyoul Lee
- R&BD Center, Korea Yakult Co. Ltd., Gyeonggi 17086, Korea
| | - Jae-Hun Sim
- R&BD Center, Korea Yakult Co. Ltd., Gyeonggi 17086, Korea
| | - Jae-Jung Shim
- R&BD Center, Korea Yakult Co. Ltd., Gyeonggi 17086, Korea.,College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
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Jeung WH, Shim JJ, Woo SW, Sim JH, Lee JL. Lactobacillus curvatus HY7601 and Lactobacillus plantarum KY1032 Cell Extracts Inhibit Adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 and HepG2 Cells. J Med Food 2018; 21:876-886. [PMID: 30148699 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2017.4157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Some lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and their cellular components have antiobesity effects. In this study, we evaluated the antiadipogenic effects of a mixture of two LAB-Lactobacillus curvatus HY7601 and Lactobacillus plantarum KY1032-using 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and HepG2 hepatocarcinoma cells. 3T3-L1 cells treated with a 1:1 ratio of HY7601 and KY1032 during differentiation showed reduced lipid accumulation by Oil Red O staining, as well as decreased leptin secretion and mRNA expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ and CCAAT/enhancer binding protein-α. HY7601 and KY1032 treatment also suppressed mitochondrial biogenesis and inhibited the expression of genes encoding mitochondrial transcription factors, as well as those related to fatty acid synthesis in HepG2 cells. The antiadipogenic effects of LAB were associated with the cell membrane fraction. These results demonstrate that a mixture of two LAB (HY7601 and KY1032) inhibits adipogenesis in preadipocytes and liver cells and is a potential therapeutic strategy for the treatment of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jae-Jung Shim
- 1 R&BD Center , Korea Yakult Co. Ltd., Yongin, Korea.,2 College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University , Seoul, Korea
| | - Seon-Wook Woo
- 1 R&BD Center , Korea Yakult Co. Ltd., Yongin, Korea
| | - Jae-Hun Sim
- 1 R&BD Center , Korea Yakult Co. Ltd., Yongin, Korea
| | - Jung-Lyoul Lee
- 1 R&BD Center , Korea Yakult Co. Ltd., Yongin, Korea.,3 College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University , Seoul, Korea
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Kim SH, Jeung W, Choi ID, Jeong JW, Lee DE, Huh CS, Kim GB, Hong SS, Shim JJ, Lee JL, Sim JH, Ahn YT. Lactic Acid Bacteria Improves Peyer��s Patch Cell-Mediated Immunoglobulin A and Tight-Junction Expression in a Destructed Gut Microbial Environment. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2016; 26:1035-45. [DOI: 10.4014/jmb.1512.12002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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Oh JY, Sim JK, Jung WJ, Min KH, Lee EJ, Hur GY, Lee SY, Lee SY, Kwon AM, Kim JH, Shin C, Shim JJ, In KH, Kang KH, Lee SH. Association between interleukin-27 polymorphisms and pulmonary tuberculosis. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2016; 19:702-8. [PMID: 25946363 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.14.0773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of interleukin (IL) 27 -964A/G, 2095T/G, 4603G/A and 4730T/C gene polymorphisms on the development of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB), radiographic characteristics and severity. DESIGN Differences in the allele and genotype distributions of the -964A/G, 2095T/G, 4603G/A and 4730T/C polymorphisms between 224 PTB patients and 233 healthy controls, between patients with single- and multi-lobe involvement, and between patients with and without cavitation, were investigated. Serum IL-27 concentration was measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS There were no significant differences in the allele or genotype distributions between PTB patients and healthy controls. However, the -964A/A genotype was more prevalent in patients with single-lobe involvement than the -964A/G or -964G/G genotype in patients with multi-lobe involvement (50.0% vs. 31.3%, P = 0.01). There was no difference between patients with and without cavitation (P > 0.05). Serum median IL-27 concentration was significantly higher in patients with single-lobe involvement than in those with multi-lobe involvement (P = 0.03) and in those with -964A/A genotypes than in those with -964A/G or -964G/G genotypes (P = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS In terms of serum IL-27 levels, the -964 A/A genotype may be associated with a protective role that prevents the intrapulmonary spread of PTB rather than its development.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Y Oh
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J K Sim
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - W J Jung
- Division of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - K H Min
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - E J Lee
- Division of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - G Y Hur
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S Y Lee
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S Y Lee
- Division of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - A M Kwon
- Division of Pulmonary, Sleep and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan, Republic of Korea
| | - J H Kim
- Division of Pulmonary, Sleep and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan, Republic of Korea
| | - C Shin
- Division of Pulmonary, Sleep and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan, Republic of Korea
| | - J J Shim
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - K H In
- Division of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - K H Kang
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S H Lee
- Division of Pulmonary, Sleep and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan, Republic of Korea
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Jeong JW, Shim JJ, Choi ID, Kim SH, Ra J, Ku HK, Lee DE, Kim TY, Jeung W, Lee JH, Lee KW, Huh CS, Sim JH, Ahn YT. Apple Pomace Extract Improves Endurance in Exercise Performance by Increasing Strength and Weight of Skeletal Muscle. J Med Food 2015; 18:1380-6. [PMID: 26331671 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2014.3401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Ursolic acid is a lipophilic pentacyclic triterpenoid found in many fruits and herbs and is used in several herbal folk medicines for diabetes. In this study, we evaluated the effects of apple pomace extract (APE; ursolic acid content, 183 mg/g) on skeletal muscle atrophy. To examine APE therapeutic potential in muscle atrophy, we investigated APE effects on the expression of biomarkers associated with muscle atrophy and hypertrophy. We found that APE inhibited atrophy, while inducing hypertrophy in C2C12 myotubes by decreasing the expression of atrophy-related genes and increasing the expression of hypertrophy-associated genes. The in vivo experiments using mice fed a diet with or without APE showed that APE intake increased skeletal muscle mass, as well as grip strength and exercise capacity. In addition, APE significantly improved endurance in the mice, as evidenced by increased exhaustive running time and muscle weight, and reduced the expression of the genes involved in the development of muscle atrophy. APE also decreased the concentration of serum lactate and lactate dehydrogenase, inorganic phosphate, and creatinine, the indicators of accumulated fatigue and exercise-induced stress. These results suggest that APE may be useful as an ergogenic functional food or dietary supplement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Woong Jeong
- 1 R&BD Center, Korea Yakult Co, Ltd. , Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Jung Shim
- 1 R&BD Center, Korea Yakult Co, Ltd. , Yongin, Republic of Korea
- 2 College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University , Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Il-Dong Choi
- 1 R&BD Center, Korea Yakult Co, Ltd. , Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Hwan Kim
- 1 R&BD Center, Korea Yakult Co, Ltd. , Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Jehyeon Ra
- 1 R&BD Center, Korea Yakult Co, Ltd. , Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung Keun Ku
- 1 R&BD Center, Korea Yakult Co, Ltd. , Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Eun Lee
- 1 R&BD Center, Korea Yakult Co, Ltd. , Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Youl Kim
- 1 R&BD Center, Korea Yakult Co, Ltd. , Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Woonhee Jeung
- 1 R&BD Center, Korea Yakult Co, Ltd. , Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Hee Lee
- 1 R&BD Center, Korea Yakult Co, Ltd. , Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Won Lee
- 2 College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University , Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chul-Sung Huh
- 3 Graduate School of International Agricultural Technology, Institute of Green Bio Science and Technology, Seoul National University , Pyeongchang, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Hun Sim
- 1 R&BD Center, Korea Yakult Co, Ltd. , Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Tae Ahn
- 1 R&BD Center, Korea Yakult Co, Ltd. , Yongin, Republic of Korea
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Lee CK, Shim JJ, Jang JY. Ceco-colic intussusception with subsequent bowel infarction as a rare complication of colonoscopic polypectomy. Endoscopy 2013; 45 Suppl 2 UCTN:E106-7. [PMID: 23526500 DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1326345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C K Lee
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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Leentjens AFG, Rundell J, Rummans T, Shim JJ, Oldham R, Peterson L, Philbrick K, Soellner W, Wolcott D, Freudenreich O. Delirium: An evidence-based medicine (EBM) monograph for psychosomatic medicine practice, comissioned by the Academy of Psychosomatic Medicine (APM) and the European Association of Consultation Liaison Psychiatry and Psychosomatics (EACLPP). J Psychosom Res 2012; 73:149-52. [PMID: 22789420 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2012.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2012] [Accepted: 05/25/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A F G Leentjens
- Department of Psychiatry, Maastricht University Medical Centre, P.O. Box 5800, 6212 AZ Maastricht, The Netherlands.
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Kim SJ, Yoon DW, Lee EJ, Hur GY, Jung KH, Lee SY, Lee SY, Shin C, Shim JJ, In KH, Kang KH, Yoo SH, Kim JH. Carotid atherosclerosis in patients with untreated chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2012; 15:1265-70, i. [PMID: 21943856 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.10.0680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is associated with systemic inflammation. OBJECTIVE To evaluate carotid artery intima-media thickness (IMT), high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) and their correlation in newly diagnosed untreated patients with COPD. DESIGN Post-bronchodilator spirometry, carotid artery IMT and blood tests were measured in patients with COPD (COPD group). Age, sex, body mass index, smoking status and smoking amount were compared with matched healthy subjects (non-COPD group). Participants taking medications and/or with a history of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidaemia, COPD or cardiovascular disease were excluded. RESULTS A total of 126 patients (COPD group 42, non-COPD group 84) were enrolled. The IMT and hsCRP of the COPD group were significantly higher than in the non-COPD group (P < 0.05). The decrease in the forced expiratory volume in 1 second/forced vital capacity (FEV(1)/FVC) ratio and FEV(1) was significantly correlated with an increase in the hsCRP and IMT (P < 0.05); there was no correlation between the IMT and hsCRP (P = 0.152). CONCLUSION In newly diagnosed untreated patients with COPD, the carotid artery IMT and hsCRP were significantly higher than in healthy subjects. These findings suggest that systemic inflammation may play a potential role in preclinical atherosclerosis in COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Kim
- Division of Pulmonary, Sleep and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan, Republic of Korea
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Abstract
We present a case of non-specific interstitial pneumonia (NSIP) with reversed halo sign on thin-section CT. A 52-year-old female presented with a cough and New York Heart Association (NYHA) class 2 dyspnoea of 4 months duration. A chest radiograph showed poorly defined, patchy ground-glass opacities in both lungs. Thin-section CT demonstrated the reversed halo sign, which is a central ground-glass opacity surrounded by crescent or ring-shaped areas of consolidation in multifocal areas. Multifocal patchy ground-glass opacity and consolidation and enlarged paratracheal, hilar and subcarinal lymph nodes were also shown. Video-assisted thoracic surgical (VATS) lung biopsy was performed, and histopathology revealed cellular NSIP.
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Affiliation(s)
- S H Hong
- Department of Radiology, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, 97 Guro-dong, Guro-ku, 152-703, Seoul, Korea
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Lee HY, Ahn YT, Park SH, Ahn YM, Shim JJ, Lee JH, Lee JS, Surh YJ, Huh CS, Kim DH. Evaluation of Anti-Colitic Effect of Chung-Jang-Hwan (C-mix) in Mice. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2011. [DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2011.19.1.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
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Lee KJ, Moon JY, Choi HK, Kim HO, Hur GY, Jung KH, Lee SY, Kim JH, Shin C, Shim JJ, In KH, Yoo SH, Kang KH, Lee SY. Immune regulatory effects of simvastatin on regulatory T cell-mediated tumour immune tolerance. Clin Exp Immunol 2010; 161:298-305. [PMID: 20491794 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2249.2010.04170.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Statins are potent inhibitors of hydroxyl-3-methylglutaryl co-enzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase, and have emerged as potential anti-cancer agents based on preclinical evidence. In particular, compelling evidence suggests that statins have a wide range of immunomodulatory properties. However, little is known about the role of statins in tumour immune tolerance. Tumour immune tolerance involves the production of immunosuppressive molecules, such as interleukin (IL)-10, transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta and indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) by tumours, which induce a regulatory T cell (T(reg)) response. In this study, we investigated the effect of simvastatin on the production of IL-10, TGF-beta and IDO production and the proliferation of T(regs) using several cancer cell lines, and Lewis lung cancer (3LL) cells-inoculated mouse tumour model. Simvastatin treatment resulted in a decrease in the number of cancer cells (3LL, A549 and NCI-H292). The production of the immune regulatory markers IL-10, TGF-beta in 3LL and NCI-H292 cells increased after treatment with simvastatin. The expression of IDO and forkhead box P3 (FoxP3) transcription factor was also increased in the presence of simvastatin. In a murine 3LL model, there were no significant differences in tumour growth rate between untreated and simvastatin-treated mice groups. Therefore, while simvastatin had an anti-proliferative effect, it also exhibited immune tolerance-promoting properties during tumour development. Thus, due to these opposing actions, simvastatin had no net effect on tumour growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- K J Lee
- Division of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Kim SJ, Suk MH, Choi HMA, Kimm KC, Jung KH, Lee SY, Lee SY, Kim JH, Shin C, Shim JJ, In KH, Kang KH, Yoo SH. The local prevalence of COPD by post-bronchodilator GOLD criteria in Korea. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2006; 10:1393-8. [PMID: 17167958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a disease characterised by not fully reversible airflow limitation. The Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) committee decided to diagnose COPD using post-bronchodilator spirometry values. We aimed to examine the prevalence and risk factors of COPD in Ansan, an industrialised city of Korea, by using the post-bronchodilator GOLD criteria. We then investigated the implications of brenchodilation on the prevalence of COPD. DESIGN A total of 3642 participants in the Korean Health and Genome Study were interviewed about age, income, smoking status and respiratory symptoms and completed pulmonary function tests, including postbronchodilator spirometry. RESULTS COPD prevalence by post-bronchodilator spirometry was 3.7% (134/3642), which was significantly different from that estimated using pre-bronchodilator criteria (7.7%, 282/3642). Exclusion of subjects with significant bronchodilator response (BDR) significantly lowered the prevalence of COPD to 3.3% (117/3572), compared with including subjects with post-bronchodilatory residual obstruction with significant BDR. Prevalence was associated with old age, smoking history, male sex and respiratory symptoms. CONCLUSION COPD prevalence by post-bronchodilator GOLD criteria was 3.7%, which was much lower than that of pre-bronchodilator criteria. The bronchodilator reversibility test substantially affects estimations of COPD prevalence.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Kim
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan 425-707, Republic of Korea.
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Kim JH, Lee SY, Lee SH, Sin C, Shim JJ, In KH, Yoo SH, Kang KH. NRAMP1 genetic polymorphisms as a risk factor of tuberculous pleurisy. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2003; 7:370-5. [PMID: 12729343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
SETTING Nrampl encoded by the NRAMP1 gene influences the phagolysosomal function of alveolar macrophage against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Genetic polymorphisms of NRAMP1 affect innate host resistance through the defective production and function of Nrampl. OBJECTIVE To investigate this relationship, the NRAMP1 polymorphisms in patients with tuberculous pleurisy were determined. DESIGN Pleural biopsy proven 56 patients were designated to the pleurisy group and 45 healthy adults were designated to the healthy control group. Three NRAMP1 polymorphisms such as single nucleotide change in intron 4(469 + 14G/C, INT4), a non-conservative single-base substitution at codon 543(D543N) and TGTG deletion in the 3' untranslated region (1729 + 55del4, 3'UTR) were determined. RESULTS The frequencies of mutant genotypes of INT4 and 3'UTR were significantly high in the pleurisy group (P = 0.01, P = 0.02), but the frequencies of D543N were not significantly different between the two groups. Odds ratios (OR), which are a comparison of the wild with the mutant genotype, were 8.02 (95%CI 2.42 approximately 26.57) for INT4 and 5.73 (95%CI 1.14 approximately 28.92) for 3'UTR which were statistically significant. In the combined analysis of the INT4 and 3'UTR, the ORs were 6.00 (95%CI 1.46 approximately 24.64) for GC/++ genotype and 14.00 (95%CI 1.61 approximately 121.75) for GC/+del when compared with GG/++; these differences were statistically significant. CONCLUSION The NRAMP1 genetic polymorphisms, especially INT4 and 3'UTR, were closely related to tuberculous pleurisy.
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Affiliation(s)
- J H Kim
- Pulmonary Division, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Kohri K, Ueki IF, Shim JJ, Burgel PR, Oh YM, Tam DC, Dao-Pick T, Nadel JA. Pseudomonas aeruginosa induces MUC5AC production via epidermal growth factor receptor. Eur Respir J 2002; 20:1263-70. [PMID: 12449183 DOI: 10.1183/09031936.02.00001402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Hypersecretory disease associated with Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) infections is characterised by increased goblet cells and increased mucin production. Recently, an epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signalling cascade was shown to be a common pathway through which many stimuli induce mucin MUC5AC expression in airways by differentiation to a goblet cell phenotype. This study looked at whether PA products induce EGFR expression and activation and thus result in mucin MUC5AC production. Human airway epithelial (NCI-H292) cells were stimulated with PA culture supernatant (Sup). MUC5AC protein production, MUC5AC and EGFR messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) expression, and phosphorylated EGFR and phosphorylated p44/42 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) were all examined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, by in situ hybridisation and by immunoblotting. PA Sup induced MUC5AC mRNA and subsequent protein expression, EGFR and p44/42 MAPK phosphorylation and EGFR mRNA expression. Induction of MUC5AC mRNA and protein expression and EGFR and p44/42 MAPK phosphorylation were inhibited completely by pretreatment with a selective EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor. Pretreatment with a selective inhibitor of MAPK kinase prevented MUC5AC production and p44/42 MAPK phosphorylation but not EGFR phosphorylation. The authors conclude that PA products induce mucin MUC5AC production in human airway epithelial cells via the expression and activation of epidermal growth factor receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Kohri
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143-0130, USA
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES The possibility that a bronchial inflammatory process could be involved with a chronic nonproductive cough without other potential causes such as postnasal drip syndrome, bronchial asthma, gastroesophageal reflux, chronic bronchitis, bronchiectasis, or the use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors has not been clearly described. We investigated the possibility that a chronic nonproductive cough without other potential causes is associated with airway inflammation, and if this is so, what the relationship might be between this inflammation and the possible etiology of the cough. SUBJECTS Twenty-five adults with chronic nonproductive cough as an isolated symptom over a 3-week period, and 5 healthy control subjects were studied. MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS Clinical assessments, cough scores, methacholine challenges, allergy skin prick tests, and bronchoscopies for bronchial biopsies were performed. In the bronchial biopsies, the patients were divided into the following two subgroups: 21 patients who were infiltrated with eosinophils vs the healthy control group (median, 12.0 vs. 0.0 cells/mm(2), respectively; p < 0.01); and 4 patients who were infiltrated with lymphocytes vs the healthy control group (median, 84.5 vs. 22.0 cells/mm(2), respectively; p < 0.01). With the methacholine challenge test, 5 of the 21 eosinophil-infiltrated patients received diagnoses of cough-variant asthma, and the other 16 patients received diagnoses of eosinophilic bronchitis. In the lymphocyte-infiltrated group, all four patients received diagnoses of lymphocytic bronchitis. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that a chronic nonproductive cough as an isolated symptom is associated with airway inflammation due to eosinophil and lymphocyte infiltration. The causes of the chronic nonproductive cough were eosinophilic bronchitis, cough-variant asthma, and lymphocytic bronchitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Y Lee
- Pulmonary Division, the Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Konkuk University, Chungju, Korea
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Lee HM, Malm L, Dabbagh K, Dao-Pick T, Ueki IF, Kim S, Shim JJ, Nadel JA. Epidermal growth factor receptor signaling mediates regranulation of rat nasal goblet cells. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2001; 107:1046-50. [PMID: 11398083 DOI: 10.1067/mai.2001.115140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mucus hypersecretion is a common response to inflammation in the lower airways and is a hallmark of chronic rhinitis. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to elucidate the mechanisms of regranulation (mucus production) of goblet cells in nasal epithelium. METHODS Because neutrophils induce an epidermal growth factor (EGFR) cascade, we induced degranulation of goblet cells in rat nasal respiratory epithelium by means of intranasal inhalation of N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP), and we examined regranulation of the goblet cells and the role of EGFR inhibitors and neutrophils in the regranulation process. RESULTS In the control state Alcian blue/periodic acid-Schiff and mucin MUC5AC staining was present. Degranulation was induced in the nasal septal epithelium 4 hours after intranasal inhalation of fMLP (10(-7) mol/L); 48 hours later, goblet-cell regranulation was complete. In the control state EGFR protein staining was absent in the epithelium, but after fMLP-induced degranulation, EGFR protein was expressed. After pretreatment with BIBX1522, a selective EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor, fMLP-induced degranulation was unaffected, but goblet-cell regranulation was prevented completely. CONCLUSION These data suggest a role for the EGFR cascade in neutrophil-dependent production of goblet-cell mucins. Proving this theory will require the use of selective EGFR inhibitors in clinical studies of nasal hypersecretory states.
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Affiliation(s)
- H M Lee
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143-0130, USA
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Lee SH, Shim JJ, Shin JS, Baek MJ, Choi YH, Kim MK, Kim CH, Lee SY, Jo JY, In KH, You SH, Kang KH. Primary endobronchial leiomyosarcoma. Diagnosis following expectoration of tumor fragment. Respiration 2001; 68:99-102. [PMID: 11223740 DOI: 10.1159/000050472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A case is presented with spontaneous expectoration of a small piece of solid tissue. Pathologic examination of the expectorated tissue was found to be consistent with leiomyosarcoma. After further work-up, there was no evidence of another primary site of leiomyosarcoma except for the right lower lobe. Right lower lobectomy was performed. The surgical specimen showed a tumor that was histologically identical to the patient's previous expectorated tissue. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first report of partial expectoration of a primary endobronchial leiomyosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- S H Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University, Guro Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
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Abstract
We describe a patient with rheumatoid arthritis(RA) who developed bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia(BOOP) during the treatment of bucillamine. A 51 year-old man was admitted to the hospital for an abnormal shadow on his chest radiograph. He had been diagnosed as having RA 3 years previously and had been receiving 200 mg of bucillamine for 21 months. Two months prior to admission, he presented with a cough and his chest X-ray showed opacities in both lower lungs. He was treated with antibiotics for 2 months after the development of cough and lesions on the chest X-ray, but the symptoms and lung lesions became more aggravated. On admission, an HRCT revealed airspace consolidations in the subpleural space of both basal lungs and a CT-guided fine needle aspiration biopsy showed Masson's body filling air space, interstitial infiltration of acute and chronic inflammatory cells and type II cell hyperplasia, consistent with BOOP. Bucillamine was stopped and 50 mg of prednisolone was administered. His symptoms and infiltrations on the chest X-ray resolved. We suggest that bucillamine should be considered as a drug possibly associated with BOOP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y H Lee
- Division of Rheumatology, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
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40
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Shim JJ, Dabbagh K, Ueki IF, Dao-Pick T, Burgel PR, Takeyama K, Tam DC, Nadel JA. IL-13 induces mucin production by stimulating epidermal growth factor receptors and by activating neutrophils. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2001; 280:L134-40. [PMID: 11133503 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.2001.280.1.l134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 183] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Mucus hypersecretion contributes to the morbidity and mortality in acute asthma. Both T helper 2 (Th2) cytokines and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling have been implicated in allergen-induced goblet cell (GC) metaplasia. Present results show that a cascade of EGFR involving neutrophils is implicated in interleukin (IL)-13-induced mucin expression in GC. Treatment with a selective EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor prevented IL-13-induced GC metaplasia dose dependently and completely. Instillation of IL-13 also induced tumor necrosis factor-alpha protein expression, mainly in infiltrating neutrophils. Control airway epithelium contained few leukocytes, but intratracheal instillation of IL-13 resulted in time-dependent leukocyte recruitment by IL-13-induced IL-8-like chemoattractant expression in airway epithelium. Pretreatment with an inhibitor of leukocytes in the bone marrow (cyclophosphamide) or with a blocking antibody to IL-8 prevented both IL-13-induced leukocyte recruitment and GC metaplasia. These findings indicate that EGFR signaling is involved in IL-13-induced mucin production. They suggest a potential therapeutic role for inhibitors of the EGFR cascade in the hypersecretion that occurs in acute asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- J J Shim
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, California 94132-0130, USA
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41
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Takeyama K, Jung B, Shim JJ, Burgel PR, Dao-Pick T, Ueki IF, Protin U, Kroschel P, Nadel JA. Activation of epidermal growth factor receptors is responsible for mucin synthesis induced by cigarette smoke. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2001; 280:L165-72. [PMID: 11133506 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.2001.280.1.l165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 173] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Mucus hypersecretion from hyperplastic airway goblet cells is a hallmark of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Although cigarette smoking is thought to be involved in mucus hypersecretion in COPD, the mechanism by which cigarette smoke induces mucus overproduction is unknown. Here we show that activation of epidermal growth factor receptors (EGFR) is responsible for mucin production after inhalation of cigarette smoke in airways in vitro and in vivo. In the airway epithelial cell line NCI-H292, exposure to cigarette smoke upregulated the EGFR mRNA expression and induced activation of EGFR-specific tyrosine phosphorylation, resulting in upregulation of MUC5AC mRNA and protein production, effects that were inhibited completely by selective EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (BIBX1522, AG-1478) and that were decreased by antioxidants. In vivo, cigarette smoke inhalation increased MUC5AC mRNA and goblet cell production in rat airways, effects that were prevented by pretreatment with BIBX1522. These effects may explain the goblet cell hyperplasia that occurs in COPD and may provide a novel strategy for therapy in airway hypersecretory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Takeyama
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143-0130, USA
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42
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Burgel PR, Escudier E, Coste A, Dao-Pick T, Ueki IF, Takeyama K, Shim JJ, Murr AH, Nadel JA. Relation of epidermal growth factor receptor expression to goblet cell hyperplasia in nasal polyps. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2000; 106:705-12. [PMID: 11031341 DOI: 10.1067/mai.2000.109823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Because the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) system regulates mucin production in airway epithelium, we hypothesized a role for this system in mucus hypersecretion that occurs in nasal polyposis. OBJECTIVE We examined the relationship between goblet cell hyperplasia, EGFR expression, and inflammatory mediators produced by eosinophils and neutrophils in nasal polyp tissues. METHODS Nasal polyp tissue samples from 8 patients and nasal turbinate biopsy specimens from 6 normal control subjects were examined for alcian blue/PAS staining, mucin MUC5AC (MUC5AC), and EGFR immunoreactivity and EGFR gene expression (in situ hybridization). We also examined the role of eosinophils and neutrophils in goblet cell hyperplasia. RESULTS In control nasal mucosa alcian blue/periodic acid-Schiff- and MUC5AC-stained areas were 18.40% +/- 1.31% and 21.89% +/- 1.43%, respectively. In polyps the alcian blue/periodic acid-Schiff- and MUC5AC-stained areas were 51.30% +/- 5.85% and 52.07% +/- 6.58%, which was significantly larger than that found in control subjects (each comparison, P <.01). Four of 6 control specimens expressed EGFR messenger RNA and protein weakly in the epithelium. In polyps 4 of 8 specimens expressed EGFR gene and EGFR protein strongly; the EGFR-stained area was greater in hyperplastic than in pseudostratified epithelium. TNF-alpha immunoreactivity, expressed in eosinophils, was increased in EGFR-positive polyps compared with EGFR-negative polyps, suggesting a role for TNF-alpha in EGFR expression. Neutrophils were increased in the epithelium of EGFR-positive compared with EGFR-negative polyps, suggesting a role for these cells in mucin expression and in goblet cell degranulation. CONCLUSION These data suggest a role for EGFR cascade in the regulation of goblet cell mucins in nasal polyps. Proof of concept will require clinical studies using selective EGFR inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- P R Burgel
- Cardiovascular Research Institute and Departments of Medicine and Physiology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143-0130, USA
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Shim JJ, Dabbagh K, Takeyama K, Burgel PR, Dao-Pick TP, Ueki IF, Nadel JA. Suplatast tosilate inhibits goblet-cell metaplasia of airway epithelium in sensitized mice. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2000; 105:739-45. [PMID: 10756224 DOI: 10.1067/mai.2000.105221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND IL-4 and IL-13 play a putative role in mucus hypersecretion in asthma. Suplatast tosilate prevents the synthesis of T(H2) cytokines. OBJECTIVE Because suplatast tosilate inhibits T(H2) cytokines but does not inhibits IFN-gamma production, we examined the effect of suplatast on IL-4- or IL-13- and ovalbumin (OVA)-induced mucin synthesis in NCI-H292 cells in vitro and in bronchi of pathogen-free BALB/c mice in vivo. METHODS In vitro, NCI-H292 cells were preincubated with suplatast tosilate (0.1-100 microgram/mL) 1 hour before adding human recombinant IL-4 (10 ng/mL). In vivo, mouse recombinant IL-4 or IL-13 (250 ng per/mouse) was instilled intranasally in mice pretreated with suplatast tosilate (50 mg.kg(-1).d(-1)). Mucous glycoconjugates were stained with Alcian blue (AB)/periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) stain. To evaluate effects of suplatast tosilate on goblet-cell metaplasia in OVA-sensitized mice, animals were pretreated with suplatast tosilate (1-50 mg.kg(-1).d(-1)) intragastrically. IL-4 and IL-13 were measured, and allergic inflammatory cells were analyzed in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of OVA-sensitized mice. RESULTS Pretreatment with suplastast did not prevent IL-4- or IL-13-induced increase in mucous glycoconjugate production in NCI-H292 cells or in mice. OVA sensitization increased AB/PAS-stained area of the epithelium (48.1% +/- 2.4%, P <.01 compared with control mice). Suplatast tosilate inhibited OVA-induced goblet-cell metaplasia in airway epithelium in a dose-dependent fashion; 50 mg.kg(-1).d(-1) decreased the AB/PAS area to 22.7% +/- 2.7% (P <.05 compared with OVA sensitization alone). Pretreatment with suplatast tosilate also prevented OVA-induced increase in IL-4 and IL-13 levels and decreased the number of lymphocytes and eosinophils in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (P <.05 compared with values of mice given OVA alone). CONCLUSION These results indicate that suplatast tosilate prevents allergen-induced goblet-cell metaplasia and the recruitment of eosinophils and lymphocytes into the airways. These results suggest that this effect is due to the prevention of the production of T(H2) cytokines in airways.
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Affiliation(s)
- J J Shim
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, USA
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Lee YH, Choi SJ, Ji JD, Shim JJ, Kang KH, Cho HD, Kim HK, Song GG. Dermatomyositis without elevation of creatine kinase presented as bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia. Korean J Intern Med 2000; 15:85-8. [PMID: 10714098 PMCID: PMC4531735 DOI: 10.3904/kjim.2000.15.1.85] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
A case of dermatomyositis presented as bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia has been rarely reported. We describe a 46-year-old female patient with dermatomyositis without elevation of creatine kinase presented as bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia. She was treated with prednisolone and azathioprine. Over a 2-year follow-up she has had no elevation of creatine kinase. The patient remains asymptomatic and has no medication for dermatomyositis and bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia two years after initial treatment. It has been suggested that the prognosis of dermatomyositis without creatine kinase elevation may be poor. Because the prognosis of bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia is generally believed to be good, we tentatively suggest that the normal value of creatine kinase in dermatomyositis does not always seem to herald a poor prognosis, an associated malignancy or severe interstitial lung disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y H Lee
- Division of Rheumatology, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
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45
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Abstract
We report a case of a 70-year-old woman who presented with mild exertional dyspnea and cough. Fiberoptic bronchoscopic findings revealed an endobronchial polypoid lesion with stenotic bronchus. The lesion was very similar to endobronchial tuberculosis. Histologic examination of the biopsy specimen demonstrated Actinomyces infection. There was a clinical response to intravenous penicillin therapy. Primary endobronchial actinomycosis must be considered in the differential diagnosis of an endobronchial lesion, especially endobronchial tuberculosis in Korea.
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Affiliation(s)
- S H Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Guro Hospital, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul
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46
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Abstract
We examined the pattern of FtsZ localization in a Bacillus subtilis minCD mutant. When grown in minimal medium, the majority (approximately 89%) of the minCD mutant cells with an FtsZ ring had a single, medially positioned FtsZ ring. These results indicate that genes in addition to minCD function to restrict the number and position of FtsZ rings. When grown in rich medium, greater than 50% of the minCD mutant cells had multiple FtsZ rings, indicating significant differences in regulation of FtsZ ring formation based on growth medium.
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Affiliation(s)
- P A Levin
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
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Abstract
Acute mercury inhalation poisoning is a rare cause of acute lung injury. It is usually fatal because of progressive pulmonary failure. We experienced a patient with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) after illicit use of mercury vapor for hemorrhoid treatment; he developed acute chemical pneumonitis following exposure to mercury vapor. Prompt treatment with corticosteroids and penicillamine for acute chemical pneumonitis was instituted; radiologic pulmonary infiltrates disappeared within a week, but late phase neurologic sequelae and pulmonary interstitial fibrosis progressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- H E Lim
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
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Lee YH, Ji JD, Shim JJ, Kang KH, Song GG. Exudative pleural effusion and pleural leukocytoclastic vasculitis in limited scleroderma. J Rheumatol 1998; 25:1006-8. [PMID: 9598909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Involvement of the lung in scleroderma is common, but pleural effusion and vasculitis are rarely reported in scleroderma. We describe a 43-year-old woman with limited scleroderma who developed an exudative pleural effusion associated with pleural leukocytoclastic vasculitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y H Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul.
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Shim JJ, Cheong HJ, Kang EY, In KH, Yoo SH, Kang KH. Nested polymerase chain reaction for detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in solitary pulmonary nodules. Chest 1998; 113:20-4. [PMID: 9440562 DOI: 10.1378/chest.113.1.20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Differential diagnosis of solitary pulmonary nodules (SPNs) can be difficult in areas, such as Korea, where tuberculosis is endemic. Nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a widely used method to test a very small amount of pathogen and to detect Mycobacterium tuberculosis from fine needle aspirates. OBJECTIVES The usefulness of nested PCR for the detection of M tuberculosis from tuberculous SPN and for the differential diagnosis of SPN was evaluated. METHODS Thirty-three patients in whom a diagnosis of SPN was made based on a CT scan of the chest were enrolled in this study. Included were 17 malignant and 16 benign SPNs. Nested PCR was carried out for the detection of M tuberculosis by using TB-1, TB-2, TB-28, and TB-29C on fine needle aspirates from the nodule in all 33 cases. RESULTS Aspirates from malignant neoplasms, pneumonia, and sequestration were all negative on nested PCR for tuberculosis. One of the three radiologically suspected tuberculous nodules without response to anti-tuberculosis drugs (uncertain) yielded positive results on nested PCR for the detection of M tuberculosis. In contrast, 7 out of 8 (87.5%) aspirates from proven tuberculous nodules showed positive results on nested PCR. Nested PCR could be used to detect M tuberculosis in fine needle aspirates from tuberculous SPNs with good sensitivity (87.5%) and specificity (96.0%). CONCLUSION Nested PCR for the detection of M tuberculosis in fine needle aspirates may be useful in the differential diagnosis of SPNs.
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Affiliation(s)
- J J Shim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Guro Hospital, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
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50
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Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to assess the CT findings of pulmonary involvement in patients with idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES). METHOD The study included five patients with idiopathic HES who had pulmonary involvement proven by bronchoalveolar lavage (n = 3) or based on clinical and radiologic findings (n = 2). Four patients had high resolution CT and one had conventional CT. The CT scans were retrospectively reviewed by two chest radiologists for pattern and distribution of disease. RESULTS All five patients had several small nodules in both lungs at CT scan. Four patients had nodules with a halo of ground-glass attenuation. Three patients had focal areas of ground-glass attenuation in both lungs. These lesions were present in all lung zones and involved mainly the peripheral lung. There was neither lobar predilection nor peribronchovascular distribution. Other organs involved included bone marrow (n = 3), liver (n = 3), stomach (n = 1), and peritoneum (n = 1). CONCLUSION The CT findings of pulmonary involvement in patients with idiopathic HES included small nodules with or without a halo of ground-glass attenuation and focal areas of ground-glass attenuation mainly in the lung periphery.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Y Kang
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul
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