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Ravix A, Bandiera C, Cardoso E, Lata-Pedreira A, Chtioui H, Decosterd LA, Wagner AD, Schneider MP, Csajka C, Guidi M. Population Pharmacokinetics of Trametinib and Impact of Nonadherence on Drug Exposure in Oncology Patients as Part of the Optimizing Oral Targeted Anticancer Therapies Study. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:2193. [PMID: 38927898 PMCID: PMC11201946 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16122193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Trametinib is a targeted therapy used for the treatment of solid tumours, with significant variability reported in real-life studies. This variability increases the risk of suboptimal exposure, which can lead to treatment failure or increased toxicity. Using model-based simulation, this study aims to characterize and investigate the pharmacokinetics and the adequacy of the currently recommended doses of trametinib. Additionally, the simulation of various suboptimal adherence scenarios allowed for an assessment of the impact of patients' drug adherence on the treatment outcome. The population data collected in 33 adult patients, providing 113 plasmatic trametinib concentrations, were best described by a two-compartment model with linear absorption and elimination. The study also identified a significant positive effect of fat-free mass and a negative effect of age on clearance, explaining 66% and 21% of the initial associated variability, respectively. Simulations showed that a maximum dose of 2 mg daily achieved the therapeutic target in 36% of male patients compared to 72% of female patients. A dose of 1.5 mg per day in patients over 65 years of age achieved similar rates, with 44% and 79% for male and female patients, respectively, reaching the therapeutic target. Poor adherence leads to a significant drop in concentrations and a high risk of subtherapeutic drug levels. These results underline the importance of interprofessional collaboration and patient partnership along the patient's journey to address patients' needs regarding trametinib and support medication adherence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Ravix
- Centre for Research and Innovation in Clinical Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Carole Bandiera
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland (M.P.S.)
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
- Centre for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Evelina Cardoso
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland (M.P.S.)
| | - Adrian Lata-Pedreira
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland (M.P.S.)
| | - Haithem Chtioui
- Service of Clinical Pharmacology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Laurent Arthur Decosterd
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Anna Dorothea Wagner
- Department of Oncology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Marie Paule Schneider
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland (M.P.S.)
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Chantal Csajka
- Centre for Research and Innovation in Clinical Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland (M.P.S.)
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Monia Guidi
- Centre for Research and Innovation in Clinical Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland (M.P.S.)
- Service of Clinical Pharmacology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
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2
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Majeed BJM, Saadallah MA, Al-Ani IH, El-Tanani MK, Al Azzam KM, Abdallah HH, Al-Hajji F. Evaluation of Solubility, Dissolution Rate, and Oral Bioavailability of β-Cyclodextrin and Hydroxypropyl β-Cyclodextrin as Inclusion Complexes of the Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor, Alectinib. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:737. [PMID: 38931404 PMCID: PMC11207005 DOI: 10.3390/ph17060737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aims to improve the solubility and dissolution rate of alectinib (ALB), a tyrosine kinase inhibitor commonly used for treating non-small-cell carcinoma (NSCLC). Given ALB's low solubility and bioavailability, complexation with β-cyclodextrin (βCD) and hydroxy propyl β-cyclodextrin (HPβCD) was evaluated. Some of the different preparation methods used with varying ALB-to-CD ratios led to the formation of complexes that were characterized using Fourier-Transform Infrared (FTIR) techniques and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) to prove complex formation. The encapsulation efficiency was also determined. The simulations were carried out for ALB's interactions with βCD and HPβCD. This study identified the most soluble complex (ALB-HPβCD; 1:2 ratio) and evaluated its dissolution. The bioavailability of the ALB-HPβCD complex was evaluated in Wistar rats relative to free ALB. Pharmacokinetic profiles revealed increased Cmax (240 ± 26.95 ng/mL to 474 ± 50.07 ng/mL) and AUC0-48 (5946.75 ± 265 ng.h/mL to 10520 ± 310 ng.h/mL) with no change in the elimination rate constant. In conclusion, the complexation of ALB-HPβCD manages to increase in vitro solubility, the dissolution rate, and oral bioavailability, providing a favorable approach to improving ALB administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bashar J. M. Majeed
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharmacological and Diagnostic Research Center (PDRC), Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman 19328, Jordan; (B.J.M.M.); (M.K.E.-T.)
| | - Mohammed A. Saadallah
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharmacological and Diagnostic Research Center (PDRC), Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman 19328, Jordan; (B.J.M.M.); (M.K.E.-T.)
| | - Israa H. Al-Ani
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharmacological and Diagnostic Research Center (PDRC), Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman 19328, Jordan; (B.J.M.M.); (M.K.E.-T.)
| | - Mohamed K. El-Tanani
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharmacological and Diagnostic Research Center (PDRC), Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman 19328, Jordan; (B.J.M.M.); (M.K.E.-T.)
- College of Pharmacy, RAK Medical and Health Sciences University, Ras Al-Khaimah P.O. Box 12973, United Arab Emirates
| | - Khaldun M. Al Azzam
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan;
| | - Hassan H. Abdallah
- Chemistry Department, College of Education, Salahaddin University, Erbil 44002, Iraq;
| | - Feras Al-Hajji
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Applied Science University, Amman 11937, Jordan;
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3
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Zahran SS, Ragab FA, Soliman AM, El-Gazzar MG, Mahmoud WR, Ghorab MM. Utility of sulfachloropyridazine in the synthesis of novel anticancer agents as antiangiogenic and apoptotic inducers. Bioorg Chem 2024; 148:107411. [PMID: 38733747 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
In a search for new anticancer agents with better activity and selectivity, the present work described the synthesis of several new series of sulfachloropyridazine hybrids with thiocarbamates 3a-e, thioureids 4a-h, 5a-e and 4-substituted sulfachloropyridazines 6a, b, 7a, b and 8. The synthesized compounds were screened in vitro against a panel of 60 cancer cell lines in one dose assay. The most potent derivatives 3a, 3c, 4c, 4d, 5e, 7a and 7b were tested for their antiangiogenic activity by measuring their ability to inhibit VEGFR-2. The most potent compounds in VEGFR-2 inhibitory assay were further evaluated for their ability to inhibit PDGFR. In addition, the ability of 4c compound to inhibit cell migration on HUVEC cells and cell cycle effect on UO-31 cells has been studied. The pro-apoptotic effect of compound 4c was studied by the evaluation of caspase-3, Bax and BCl-2. Alternatively, the IC50 of compounds 3a, 3c, 4c, 5e, 7a and 7b against certain human cancer cell lines were determined. Re-evaluation in combination with γ-radiation was carried out for compounds 4c, 5e and 7b to study the possible synergistic effect on cytotoxicity. Docking studies of the most active compounds were performed to give insights into the binding mode within VEGFR-2 active site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sally S Zahran
- Department of Drug Radiation Research, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority (EAEA), Cairo 11787, Egypt
| | - Fatma A Ragab
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, 11562, Egypt
| | - Aiten M Soliman
- Department of Drug Radiation Research, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority (EAEA), Cairo 11787, Egypt.
| | - Marwa G El-Gazzar
- Department of Drug Radiation Research, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority (EAEA), Cairo 11787, Egypt
| | - Walaa R Mahmoud
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, 11562, Egypt
| | - Mostafa M Ghorab
- Department of Drug Radiation Research, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority (EAEA), Cairo 11787, Egypt.
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4
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Alterary SS, Mostafa GAE, Alrabiah H, Al-Alshaikh MA, El-Tohamy MF. Charge Transfer Copper Chelating Complex and Biogenically Synthesized Copper Oxide Nanoparticles Using Salvia officinalis Laves Extract in Comparative Spectrofluorimetric Estimation of Anticancer Dabrafenib. J Fluoresc 2024; 34:465-478. [PMID: 37610703 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-023-03388-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is a broad category of disease that can affect virtually any organ or tissue in the body when abnormal cells grow uncontrollably, invade surrounding tissue, and/or spread to other organs. Dabrafenib is indicated for the treatment of adult patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer. In the present study, two newly developed spectrofluorimetric probes for the detection of the anticancer drug Dabrafenib (DRF) in its authentic and pharmaceutical products using an ecologically synthesized copper oxide nanoparticle (CuONPs) from Salvia officinalis leaf extract and a copper chelate complex are presented. The first system is based on the influence of the particular optical properties of CuONPs on the enhancement of fluorescence detection. The second system, on the other hand, acts through the formation of a copper charge transfer complex. Various spectroscopic and microscopic studies were performed to confirm the environmentally synthesized CuONPs. The fluorescence detections in the two systems were measured at λex 350 and λem of 432 nm. The results showed the linear concentration ranges for the DRF-CuONPs-SDS and DRF-Cu-SDS complexes were determined to be 1.0-500 ng mL- 1 and 1.0-200 ng mL- 1, respectively. FI = 1.8088x + 21.418 (r = 0.9997) and FI = 2.7536x + 163.37 (r = 0.9989) were the regression equations. The lower detection and quantification limits for the aforementioned fluorescent systems were determined to be 0.4 and 0.8 ng mL- 1 and 1.0 ng mL- 1, respectively. The results also showed that intra-day DRF assays using DRF-CuONPs-SDS and DRF-Cu(NO3)2-SDS systems yielded 0.17% and 0.54%, respectively. However, the inter-day assay results for the above systems were 0.27% and 0.65%, respectively. The aforementioned two systems were effectively used in the study of DRF with excellent percent recoveries of 99.66 ± 0.42% and 99.42 ± 0.56%, respectively. Excipients such as magnesium stearate, titanium dioxide, red iron oxide, and silicon dioxide used in pharmaceutical formulations, as well as various common cations, amino acids, and sugars, had no effect on the detection of compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seham S Alterary
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 22452, Riyadh, 11495, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gamal A E Mostafa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Haitham Alrabiah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Monirah A Al-Alshaikh
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 22452, Riyadh, 11495, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maha F El-Tohamy
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 22452, Riyadh, 11495, Saudi Arabia
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5
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Abdelgalil AA, Alkahtani HM. Regorafenib: A comprehensive drug profile. PROFILES OF DRUG SUBSTANCES, EXCIPIENTS, AND RELATED METHODOLOGY 2023; 49:41-79. [PMID: 38423709 DOI: 10.1016/bs.podrm.2023.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Regorafenib is a small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitor administered orally drug, act by inhibiting the activity of the VEGF receptors. It is used for the treatment of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC), advanced gastrointestinal stromal tumors, and hepatocellular carcinoma. This comprehensive profile on regorafenib includes an original data as well as data collected from the literature on Profiles of Methods of Drug Synthesis, different Physical Drug Profiles, Drug Analytical methods and Pharmacological profile (ADME). This chapter is divided into five main sections: General Description of the drug, Physical Characteristics, Methods of Preparation, Methods of Analysis, Pharmacology and List of References. These main sections are further divided to many sub-titles to cover most aspect of the drug in the light of the available literature. Among these sub-titles are the formulae, Elemental Analysis, physical characteristics which include constant of ionization, solubility, X-ray powder diffraction pattern, TGA, thermal conduct and spectroscopic and stability. Additionally, analytical techniques including Electrochemical, Spectrophotometric and chromatographic methods, ADME profiles and pharmacological effects were also discussed. Furthermore, methods and schemes are outlined for the preparation of the drug substance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed A Abdelgalil
- Central Laboratory, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | - Hamad M Alkahtani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Myszkiewicz MF, Puzanov I, Goey AKL. Development and validation of an LC-MS/MS method to measure the BRAF inhibitors dabrafenib and encorafenib quantitatively and four major metabolites semi-quantitatively in human plasma. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2023; 234:115594. [PMID: 37478552 PMCID: PMC10528671 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2023.115594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
This article describes the development and validation of a liquid-chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) assay for the simultaneous quantitation of the BRAF inhibitors dabrafenib and encorafenib, and semi-quantitation of their major metabolites (i.e., carboxy-dabrafenib, desmethyl-dabrafenib, hydroxy-dabrafenib, M42.5A) in human plasma. Analytes were extracted from human plasma by protein precipitation, followed by reversed phase high-performance liquid chromatography. Analyte detection was performed using tandem mass spectrometry with heated electrospray ionization operating in positive ion mode. The assay was validated in accordance with the current U.S. Food and Drug Administration Guidance on Bioanalytical Method Validation. Results showed that measurements were both accurate (94.6-112.0 %) and precise (within-run: 1.9-3.4 %; between-run: 1.7-12.0 %) spanning a concentration range of 5 to 2000 ng/mL for dabrafenib and 10 to 4000 ng/mL for encorafenib. Recoveries for these analytes were consistent with mean values ranging from 85.6 % to 90.9 %. The mean internal standard-normalized matrix factors for each drug ranged between 0.87 and 0.98 and were found to be precise (% RSD <6.4 %). Dabrafenib and encorafenib were stable in the final extract and in human plasma held under various storage conditions. The metabolites also passed the validation criteria for precision and selectivity. Finally, the clinical applicability of the assay was confirmed by (semi-)quantitation of all six analytes in plasma samples from cancer patients receiving standard-of-care treatment with dabrafenib and encorafenib. Reproducibility of the measured analyte concentrations in study samples was confirmed successfully by incurred sample reanalysis. In conclusion, this sensitive LC-MS/MS assay has been validated successfully and is suitable for therapeutic drug monitoring of dabrafenib and encorafenib and clinical pharmacokinetic studies with these BRAF inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melody F Myszkiewicz
- Bioanalytics, Metabolomics, and Pharmacokinetics Shared Resource, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Igor Puzanov
- Department of Medicine, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Andrew K L Goey
- Bioanalytics, Metabolomics, and Pharmacokinetics Shared Resource, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA.
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7
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Al Shirity ZN, Westra N, Hateren KV, Munnink THO, Kosterink JGW, Mian P, Hooge MNLD, Touw DJ, Gareb B. Validation of an LC-MS/MS assay for rapid and simultaneous quantification of 21 kinase inhibitors in human plasma and serum for therapeutic drug monitoring. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2023; 1229:123872. [PMID: 37716342 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2023.123872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023]
Abstract
Kinase inhibitors have revolutionized cancer treatment in the past 25 years and currently form the cornerstone of many treatments. Due to the increasing evidence for therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) of kinase inhibitors, the need is growing for new assays to rapidly evaluate kinase inhibitor plasma concentrations. In this study, we developed an LC-MS/MS assay for the rapid and simultaneous quantification of 21 kinase inhibitors. First, a literature search was conducted to ensure that the linear ranges of the analytes were in line with the reported therapeutic windows and/or TDM reference values. Subsequently, the assay was validated according to FDA and EMA guidelines for linearity, selectivity, carry-over, accuracy, precision, dilution integrity, matrix effect, recovery, and stability. The assay was fast, with a short run-time of 2 min per sample. Sample pre-treatment consisted of protein precipitation with methanol enriched with stable isotope-labeled internal standards (SIL-IS), and the mixture was vortexed and centrifuged before sample injection. Separation was achieved using a C18 column (3 μm,50 × 2.1 mm) with a gradient of two mobile phases (ammonium formate buffer pH 3.5 and acetonitrile). Analyte detection was conducted in positive ionization mode using selected reaction monitoring. The assay was accurate and precise in plasma as well as in serum. Extraction recovery ranged between 95.0% and 106.0%, and the matrix effect was 95.7%-105.2%. The stability of the analytes varied at room temperature and in refrigerated conditions. However, all drugs were found to be stable for 7 days in the autosampler. The clinical applicability of the analytical method (486 analyzed samples between 1 July 2022-1 July 2023) as well as external quality control testing results were evaluated. Taken together, the results demonstrate that the analytical method was validated and applicable for routine analyses in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaid N Al Shirity
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Niels Westra
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Kai van Hateren
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Thijs H Oude Munnink
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Jos G W Kosterink
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands; Department of PharmacoTherapy, -Epidemiology and -Economics, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Paola Mian
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Marjolijn N Lub-de Hooge
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands; Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Daan J Touw
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands; Pharmaceutical Analysis, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Bahez Gareb
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
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Guo ZX, Wu YE, Shi HY, van den Anker J, Liang P, Zheng Y, Zhao XW, Feng R, Zhao W. A liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method for simultaneous quantification of thirty-nine tyrosine kinase inhibitors in human plasma. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2023; 224:115159. [PMID: 36442459 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2022.115159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Currently, the use of targeted drugs such as tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) plays an important role in clinical therapy. As the number of approved TKIs continues to increase, existing analysis methods will not be able to meet the growing needs, and will hamper the development of therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) of TKIs. Based on LC-MS/MS technology, this study tends to develop and validate a multi-component analysis method for simultaneous determination of the concentrations of 39 TKIs in plasma. Spiked plasma was blended with isotope labelled internal standards, and injected into the LC-MS/MS system after protein precipitation by acetonitrile. Chromatographic separation was achieved using an ODS-4 column with gradient elution of formic acid/water (1:1000; v/v) and acetonitrile. Analytes detection was conducted in positive ionisation mode using MRM. The total run time was 8 min. The method validation was conducted by assessing the following parameters: selectivity, linearity and the lower limit of qualification, accuracy and precision, stability, matrix effect and recovery. The concentrations of 39 TKIs showed good linearity within the range of their respective standard curves in plasma, the accuracy of all quality control samples ranged from 85.9% to 114.1%, and the precision was lower than 13.3%. The extraction recovery ranged from 92.6% to 114.7%, and the matrix effect of plasma was lower than 11.3%. This new method was successfully developed, can be used for the determination of drug concentrations in multiple patients with different kinds of TKIs, and will therefore be suitable for TDM of 39 TKIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Xuan Guo
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China; Department of Pharmacy, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yue-E Wu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Hai-Yan Shi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Pediatric Drug Development, Shandong Medicine and Health Key Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, Jinan, China
| | - John van den Anker
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Children's National Hospital, Washington DC, USA; Departments of Pediatrics, Pharmacology & Physiology, Genomics & Precision Medicine, the George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington DC, USA; Department of Paediatric Pharmacology and Pharmacometrics, University of Basel Children's Hospital, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ping Liang
- Department of Pharmacy, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Ying Zheng
- Department of Pharmacy, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xue-Wei Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Rui Feng
- Department of Pharmacy, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Clinical Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
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9
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Therapeutic Monitoring of Orally Administered, Small-Molecule Anticancer Medications with Tumor-Specific Cellular Protein Targets in Peripheral Fluid Spaces-A Review. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15010239. [PMID: 36678867 PMCID: PMC9864625 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15010239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Orally administered, small-molecule anticancer drugs with tumor-specific cellular protein targets (OACD) have revolutionized oncological pharmacotherapy. Nevertheless, the differences in exposure to these drugs in the systemic circulation and extravascular fluid compartments have led to several cases of therapeutic failure, in addition to posing unknown risks of toxicity. The therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) of OACDs in therapeutically relevant peripheral fluid compartments is therefore essential. In this work, the available knowledge regarding exposure to OACD concentrations in these fluid spaces is summarized. A review of the literature was conducted by searching Embase, PubMed, and Web of Science for clinical research articles and case reports published between 10 May 2001 and 31 August 2022. Results show that, to date, penetration into cerebrospinal fluid has been studied especially intensively, in addition to breast milk, leukocytes, peripheral blood mononuclear cells, peritoneal fluid, pleural fluid, saliva and semen. The typical clinical indications of peripheral fluid TDM of OACDs were (1) primary malignancy, (2) secondary malignancy, (3) mental disorder, and (4) the assessment of toxicity. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry was most commonly applied for analysis. The TDM of OACDs in therapeutically relevant peripheral fluid spaces is often indispensable for efficient and safe treatments.
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Schmulenson E, Bovet C, Theurillat R, Decosterd LA, Largiadèr CR, Prost JC, Csajka C, Bärtschi D, Guckenberger M, von Moos R, Bastian S, Joerger M, Jaehde U. Population pharmacokinetic analyses of regorafenib and capecitabine in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (SAKK 41/16 RECAP). Br J Clin Pharmacol 2022; 88:5336-5347. [PMID: 35831229 DOI: 10.1111/bcp.15461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Revised: 06/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) is an area of unmet medical need with one third of patients dying from their disease. With response to neoadjuvant chemo-radiotherapy being a major prognostic factor, trial SAKK 41/16 assessed potential benefits of adding regorafenib to capecitabine-amplified neoadjuvant radiotherapy in LARC patients. METHODS Patients received regorafenib at three dose levels (40/80/120 mg once daily) combined with capecitabine 825 mg/m2 bidaily and local radiotherapy. We developed population pharmacokinetic models from plasma concentrations of capecitabine and its metabolites 5'-deoxy-5-fluorocytidine and 5'-deoxy-5-fluorouridine as well as regorafenib and its metabolites M-2 and M-5 as implemented into SAKK 41/16 to assess potential drug-drug interactions (DDI). After establishing parent-metabolite base models, drug exposure parameters were tested as covariates within the respective models to investigate for potential DDI. Simulation analyses were conducted to quantify their impact. RESULTS Plasma concentrations of capecitabine, regorafenib and metabolites were characterized by one- and two compartment models and absorption was described by parallel first- and zero-order processes and transit compartments, respectively. Apparent capecitabine clearance was 286 L/h (relative standard error [RSE] 14.9%, interindividual variability [IIV] 40.1%) and was reduced by regorafenib cumulative area under the plasma-concentration curve (median reduction of 45.6%) as exponential covariate (estimate -4.10×10-4 , RSE 17.8%). Apparent regorafenib clearance was 1.94 L/h (RSE 12.1%, IIV 38.1%). Simulation analyses revealed significantly negative associations between capecitabine clearance and regorafenib exposure. CONCLUSIONS This work informs the clinical development of regorafenib and capecitabine combination treatment and underlines the importance to study potential DDI with new anticancer drug combinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduard Schmulenson
- Institute of Pharmacy, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Cédric Bovet
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Regula Theurillat
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Laurent Arthur Decosterd
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Carlo R Largiadèr
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Christophe Prost
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Chantal Csajka
- Clinical Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lausanne University, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Matthias Guckenberger
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Markus Joerger
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Ulrich Jaehde
- Institute of Pharmacy, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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11
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Porcelli L, Di Fonte R, Pierri CL, Fucci L, Saponaro C, Armenio A, Serratì S, Strippoli S, Fasano R, Volpicella M, Daprile R, Tommasi S, Ressa CM, Guida M, Azzariti A. BRAF V600E;K601Q metastatic melanoma patient-derived organoids and docking analysis to predict the response to targeted therapy. Pharmacol Res 2022; 182:106323. [PMID: 35752358 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
The V600E mutation in BRAF is associated with increased phosphorylation of Erk1/2 and high sensitivity to BRAFi/MEKi combination in metastatic melanoma. In very few patients, a tandem mutation in BRAF, V600 and K601, causes a different response to BRAFi/MEKi combination. BRAFV600E;K601Q patient-derived organoids (PDOs) were generated to investigate targeted therapy efficacy and docking analysis was used to assess BRAFV600E;K601Q interactions with Vemurafenib. PDOs were not sensitive to Vemurafenib and Cobimetinib given alone and sensitive to their combination, although not as responsive as BRAFV600E PDOs. The docking analysis justified such a result showing that the tandem mutation in BRAF reduced the affinity for Vemurafenib. Tumor analysis showed that BRAFV600E;K601Q displayed both increased phosphorylation of Erk1/2 at cytoplasmic level and activation of Notch resistance signaling. This prompted us to inhibit Notch signaling with Nirogacestat, achieving a greater antitumor response and providing PDOs-based evaluation of treatment efficacy in such rare metastatic melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letizia Porcelli
- IRCCS Istituto Tumori Giovanni Paolo II, V.le O. Flacco, 65, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Roberta Di Fonte
- IRCCS Istituto Tumori Giovanni Paolo II, V.le O. Flacco, 65, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Ciro L Pierri
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies, Biopharmaceutics, University "Aldo Moro" of Bari, Via E. Orabona, 4, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Livia Fucci
- IRCCS Istituto Tumori Giovanni Paolo II, V.le O. Flacco, 65, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Concetta Saponaro
- IRCCS Istituto Tumori Giovanni Paolo II, V.le O. Flacco, 65, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Andrea Armenio
- IRCCS Istituto Tumori Giovanni Paolo II, V.le O. Flacco, 65, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Simona Serratì
- IRCCS Istituto Tumori Giovanni Paolo II, V.le O. Flacco, 65, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Sabino Strippoli
- IRCCS Istituto Tumori Giovanni Paolo II, V.le O. Flacco, 65, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Rossella Fasano
- IRCCS Istituto Tumori Giovanni Paolo II, V.le O. Flacco, 65, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Mariateresa Volpicella
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies, Biopharmaceutics, University "Aldo Moro" of Bari, Via E. Orabona, 4, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Rossana Daprile
- IRCCS Istituto Tumori Giovanni Paolo II, V.le O. Flacco, 65, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Stefania Tommasi
- IRCCS Istituto Tumori Giovanni Paolo II, V.le O. Flacco, 65, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Cosmo M Ressa
- IRCCS Istituto Tumori Giovanni Paolo II, V.le O. Flacco, 65, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Michele Guida
- IRCCS Istituto Tumori Giovanni Paolo II, V.le O. Flacco, 65, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Amalia Azzariti
- IRCCS Istituto Tumori Giovanni Paolo II, V.le O. Flacco, 65, 70124 Bari, Italy.
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12
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Determination of IQZ23 in rat plasma using LC-MS/MS: consideration for matrix effect and internal standard interference. Bioanalysis 2022; 14:455-465. [PMID: 35484959 DOI: 10.4155/bio-2022-0040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: IQZ23, a novel β-indoloquinazoline derivative, is a potential therapeutic agent for obesity and related metabolic disorders. To assist pharmacokinetics evaluation, a quantitative method for IQZ23 in rat plasma is required. Methods & Results: An LC-MS/MS assay for the determination of IQZ23 in rat plasma was developed and validated for the first time. Chromatographic conditions were optimized to ameliorate matrix effect with direct monitoring of typical phospholipids, including phosphatidylcholine and lysophosphatidylcholine. The structural analog internal standard (SYSU-3d) was set at a proper concentration to avoid analyte sensitivity loss caused by internal standard interference. The well-validated method was employed in the pharmacokinetics study of IQZ23 in Sprague-Dawley rats. Conclusion: This study provided valuable references for the further preclinical study of IQZ23.
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13
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An Easily Expandable Multi-Drug LC-MS Assay for the Simultaneous Quantification of 57 Oral Antitumor Drugs in Human Plasma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13246329. [PMID: 34944950 PMCID: PMC8699473 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13246329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Oral antitumor therapy has significantly improved clinical outcomes in multiple tumor entities. However, following a standard dosing regime, strong interindividual variability in patients’ plasma concentrations can be observed for many oral antitumor drugs. This results in risks of reduced therapeutic effect and increased side effects. Monitoring these variable plasma concentrations is an important tool in evaluating multiple factors influencing drug exposure and, if necessary, adjusting therapeutic doses. Here, we developed a method for the simultaneous measurement of 57 oral antitumor drug plasma concentrations. Detection and quantification were achieved using liquid chromatography coupled to an Orbitrap mass spectrometer, which can be easily expanded to newly approved oral antitumor drugs in the future. Applicability of the method was proven by measuring 71 plasma samples from 39 patients undergoing oral antitumor therapy. In summary, the developed method provides an important tool for exposure measurements of oral antitumor drugs. Abstract Oral anticancer drugs have led to significant improvements in the treatment of multiple tumor entities. However, in patients undergoing oral antitumor therapy, plasma concentrations are highly variable, resulting in risks of reduced therapeutic effects or an increase in side effects. One important tool to reduce this variability is therapeutic drug monitoring. In this work we describe a method to simultaneously quantify the plasma concentrations of 57 oral antitumor agents. Quantification of these drugs was achieved using liquid chromatography coupled to an Orbitrap mass spectrometer. The method was fully validated according to the FDA guidelines and constitutes a simple and robust way for exposure monitoring of a wide variety of oral anticancer drugs. Applicability to clinical routine was demonstrated by the analysis of 71 plasma samples taken from 39 patients. In summary, this new multi-drug method allows simultaneous quantification of 57 oral antitumor drugs, which can be applied to exposure monitoring in clinical studies, taking into account the broad variety of oral antitumor drugs prescribed in clinical routine.
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14
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Bandiera C, Cardoso E, Locatelli I, Digklia A, Zaman K, Diciolla A, Cristina V, Stravodimou A, Veronica AL, Dolcan A, Sarivalasis A, Liapi A, Bouchaab H, Orcurto A, Dotta-Celio J, Peters S, Decosterd L, Widmer N, Wagner D, Csajka C, Schneider MP. Optimizing Oral Targeted Anticancer Therapies Study for Patients With Solid Cancer: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Medication Adherence Program Along With Systematic Collection and Modeling of Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Data. JMIR Res Protoc 2021; 10:e30090. [PMID: 34185020 PMCID: PMC8278299 DOI: 10.2196/30090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The strengthening or substitution of intravenous cytotoxic chemotherapy cycles by oral targeted anticancer therapies, such as protein kinase inhibitors (PKIs), has provided impressive clinical benefits and autonomy as well as a better quality of life for patients with cancer. Despite these advances, adverse event management at home and medication adherence remain challenging. In addition, PKI plasma concentrations vary significantly among patients with cancer receiving the same dosage, which could explain part of the observed variability in the therapeutic response. Objective The aim of this optimizing oral targeted anticancer therapies (OpTAT) study is to optimize and individualize targeted anticancer treatments to improve patient care and self-monitoring through an interprofessional medication adherence program (IMAP) combined with measurement PKI plasma concentrations. Methods The OpTAT study has two parts: (1) a 1:1 randomized medication adherence program, in which the intervention consists of regular motivational interviewing sessions between the patient and the pharmacist, along with the delivery of PKIs in electronic monitors, and (2) a systematic collection of blood samples and clinical and biological data for combined pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic analysis. On the basis of the electronic monitor data, medication adherence will be compared between groups following the three operational definitions: implementation of treatment during the persistent period, persistence with treatment and longitudinal adherence. The implementation will be described using generalized estimating equation models. The persistence of PKI use will be represented using a Kaplan-Meier survival curve. Longitudinal adherence is defined as the product of persistence and implementation. PKI pharmacokinetics will be studied using a population approach. The relationship between drug exposure and efficacy outcomes will be explored using Cox regression analysis of progression-free survival. The relationship between drug exposure and toxicity will be analyzed using a pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic model and by logistic regression analysis. Receiver operating characteristic analyses will be applied to evaluate the best exposure threshold associated with clinical benefits. Results The first patient was included in May 2015. As of June 2021, 262 patients had participated in at least one part of the study: 250 patients gave at least one blood sample, and 130 participated in the adherence study. Data collection is in process, and the final data analysis is planned to be performed in 2022. Conclusions The OpTAT study will inform us about the effectiveness of the IMAP program in patients with solid cancers treated with PKIs. It will also shed light on PKI pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties, with the aim of learning how to adapt the PKI dosage at the individual patient level to increase PKI clinical suitability. The IMAP program will enable interprofessional teams to learn about patients’ needs and to consider their concerns about their PKI self-management, considering the patient as an active partner. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04484064; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04484064. International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/30090
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Affiliation(s)
- Carole Bandiera
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Evelina Cardoso
- Center for Research and Innovation in Clinical Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Isabella Locatelli
- Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Antonia Digklia
- Department of Oncology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Khalil Zaman
- Department of Oncology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Antonella Diciolla
- Department of Oncology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Valérie Cristina
- Department of Oncology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Athina Stravodimou
- Department of Oncology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Aedo Lopez Veronica
- Department of Oncology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ana Dolcan
- Department of Oncology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Apostolos Sarivalasis
- Department of Oncology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Aikaterini Liapi
- Department of Oncology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Hasna Bouchaab
- Department of Oncology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Angela Orcurto
- Department of Oncology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jennifer Dotta-Celio
- Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Solange Peters
- Department of Oncology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Laurent Decosterd
- Service of Clinical Pharmacology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Nicolas Widmer
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Service of Clinical Pharmacology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Pharmacy of the Eastern Vaud Hospitals, Rennaz, Switzerland
| | - Dorothea Wagner
- Department of Oncology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Chantal Csajka
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Center for Research and Innovation in Clinical Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Marie Paule Schneider
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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15
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Determination of dabrafenib and trametinib in serum by dispersive solid phase extraction with multi-walled carbon nanotubes and capillary electrophoresis coupled to ultraviolet/visible detection. Microchem J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2021.106180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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16
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Zhou L, Wang S, Chen M, Huang S, Zhang M, Bao W, Bao A, Zhang P, Guo H, Liu Z, Xie G, Gao J, Wu Z, Lou Y, Fan G. Simultaneous and rapid determination of 12 tyrosine kinase inhibitors by LC-MS/MS in human plasma: Application to therapeutic drug monitoring in patients with non-small cell lung cancer. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2021; 1175:122752. [PMID: 33991955 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2021.122752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, more than 50 tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) was indicated against numerous cancers, especially outstanding advantages in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and several studies have shown that therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) of TKIs can improve treatment efficacy and safety. The present study aimed to develop and validate a LC-MS/MS method for the TDM of 12 TKIs (gefitinib, erlotinib, afatinib, dacomitinib, icotinib, osimertinib, crizotinib, ceritinib, alectinib, dabrafenib, trametinib, anlotinib) in patients with NSCLC. The analytes of interest and internal standard were extracted from human plasma. Salting-out assisted liquid-liquid extraction (SALLE) with 5 M ammonium acetate solution was optimized for method validation and compared to simple protein precipitation (PPT). Chromatographic separation was conducted on Waters X bridge C18 column (100 × 4.6 mm, 3.5 μm) using a gradient elution of acetonitrile/5mM ammonium acetate in pure water with 0.1% (v/v) formic acid at 40 °C within 6 min. The total flow was maintained at 1 mL/min, 30% of the post column flow was split into the mass spectrometer and the rest to waste via a 3-way tee. The mass analysis was performed by positive ion electrospray ionization (ESI) in multiple-reaction monitoring (MRM) mode. The assay was validated based on the guidelines on bioanalytical methods by FDA. This quantification method was proved to be satisfactory in selectivity, accuracy, precision, linearity (r2 > 0.995), recovery, matrix effect and stability and the accuracy was further assessed in plasma with a degree of hemolysis of 4%. The described method to simultaneously quantify the 12 selected anticancer drugs in human plasma was successfully validated and applied to routine TDM of gefitinib, erlotinib, icotinib, osimertinib, crizotinib and anlotinib in cancer patients. TKIs plasma monitoring helps to individualize dose adjustment and manage adverse effects in NSCLC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan Zhou
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, PR China
| | - Shuowen Wang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, PR China
| | - Ming Chen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, PR China
| | - Shiqi Huang
- College of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530001, PR China
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, PR China
| | - Wuping Bao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, PR China
| | - Aihua Bao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, PR China
| | - Pengyu Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, PR China
| | - Haiying Guo
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, PR China
| | - Zhenwei Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, PR China
| | - Guogang Xie
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, PR China
| | - Jianwei Gao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, PR China
| | - Zhenghua Wu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, PR China.
| | - Yuefen Lou
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200434, PR China.
| | - Guorong Fan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, PR China.
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17
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Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Targeted Anticancer Protein Kinase Inhibitors in Routine Clinical Use: A Critical Review. Ther Drug Monit 2021; 42:33-44. [PMID: 31479043 DOI: 10.1097/ftd.0000000000000699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Therapeutic response to oral targeted anticancer protein kinase inhibitors (PKIs) varies widely between patients, with insufficient efficacy of some of them and unacceptable adverse reactions of others. There are several possible causes for this heterogeneity, such as pharmacokinetic (PK) variability affecting blood concentrations, fluctuating medication adherence, and constitutional or acquired drug resistance of cancer cells. The appropriate management of oncology patients with PKI treatments thus requires concerted efforts to optimize the utilization of these drug agents, which have probably not yet revealed their full potential. METHODS An extensive literature review was performed on MEDLINE on the PK, pharmacodynamics, and therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) of PKIs (up to April 2019). RESULTS This review provides the criteria for determining PKIs suitable candidates for TDM (eg, availability of analytical methods, observational PK studies, PK-pharmacodynamics relationship analysis, and randomized controlled studies). It reviews the major characteristics and limitations of PKIs, the expected benefits of TDM for cancer patients receiving them, and the prerequisites for the appropriate utilization of TDM. Finally, it discusses various important practical aspects and pitfalls of TDM for supporting better implementation in the field of cancer treatment. CONCLUSIONS Adaptation of PKIs dosage regimens at the individual patient level, through a rational TDM approach, could prevent oncology patients from being exposed to ineffective or unnecessarily toxic drug concentrations in the era of personalized medicine.
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18
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Sabourian R, Mirjalili SZ, Namini N, Chavoshy F, Hajimahmoodi M, Safavi M. HPLC methods for quantifying anticancer drugs in human samples: A systematic review. Anal Biochem 2020; 610:113891. [PMID: 32763305 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2020.113891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Pharmacokinetic (PK) study of anticancer drugs in cancer patients is highly crucial for dose selection and dosing intervals in clinical applications. Once an anticancer drug is administered, it undergoes various metabolic pathways; to determine these pathways, it is necessary to follow the administered drug in biological samples via different analytical methods. In addition, multi-drug quantification methods in patients undergoing multi-drug regimens of cancer therapy can have several benefits, such as reduced sampling time and analysis costs. In order to collect and categorize these studies, we conducted a systematic review of HPLC methods reported for the analysis of anticancer drugs in biological samples. A systematic search was performed on PubMed Medline, Scopus, and Web of Science databases, and 116 studies were included. In summary of included studies, when the objective of a method was to quantify a single drug, MS, or UV detectors were utilized equivalently. On the other hand, in methods with the aim of quantifying drug and metabolite(s) in a single run, MS detectors were the most utilized. This review can provide a comprehensive insight for researchers prior to developing a quantification method and selecting a detector.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reyhaneh Sabourian
- Drug and Food Control Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyedeh Zohreh Mirjalili
- Drug and Food Control Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Negar Namini
- Drug and Food Control Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fateme Chavoshy
- Drug and Food Control Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mannan Hajimahmoodi
- Drug and Food Control Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Maliheh Safavi
- Department of Biotechnology, Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology (IROST), Tehran, Iran.
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19
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Balakirouchenane D, Khoudour N, Guégan S, Kramkimel N, Franck N, Rodier T, Goldwasser F, Dupin N, Aractingi S, Vidal M, Blanchet B. Simultaneous quantification of dabrafenib, hydroxy-dabrafenib and trametinib in human plasma by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2020; 193:113718. [PMID: 33166838 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2020.113718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
A new liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method for the simultaneous quantification of dabrafenib (DAB), its main metabolite hydroxy-dabrafenib (OHD) and trametinib (TRA) in human plasma has been developed and validated. After addition of internal standard (dabrafenib-d9), extraction was achieved after protein precipitation with acetonitrile containing 1 % (v/v) formic acid. Chromatographic separation was performed on an Accucore® C18 (2.1 × 50 mm; 2.6 μm) column using a gradient elution of water acidified with 0.1 % (v/v) formic acid (A) and acetonitrile containing 0.1 % (v/v) formic acid (B) at a flow rate of 500 μL/min. The calibration ranged from 10 to 2000 ng/mL for DAB and OHD and from 5 to 50 ng/mL for TRA. This method was validated with satisfactory results including good precision (intra- and inter-assay coefficient of variation from 2.0 %-14.9 %) and good accuracy (inter- and intra-day bias between -1.2 % and 10.9 %), as well as long term stability in unprocessed plasma at -20 °C. This newly proposed method is useful for clinical research purposes as well as therapeutic drug monitoring for patients with a Rapidly Accelerated Fibrosarcoma kinase B (BRAF)-mutated cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Balakirouchenane
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacochemistry, Cochin Hospital, AP-HP, CARPEM, 75014 Paris, France; UMR8038 CNRS, U1268 INSERM, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Paris, PRES Sorbonne Paris Cité, CARPEM, 75006 Paris, France.
| | - Nihel Khoudour
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacochemistry, Cochin Hospital, AP-HP, CARPEM, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Sarah Guégan
- Department of Dermatology, Cochin Hospital AP-HP, 75014 Paris, France; Cochin Institute, INSERM U1016, University of Paris, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Nora Kramkimel
- Department of Dermatology, Cochin Hospital AP-HP, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Nathalie Franck
- Department of Dermatology, Cochin Hospital AP-HP, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Thomas Rodier
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacochemistry, Cochin Hospital, AP-HP, CARPEM, 75014 Paris, France; UMR8038 CNRS, U1268 INSERM, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Paris, PRES Sorbonne Paris Cité, CARPEM, 75006 Paris, France
| | | | - Nicolas Dupin
- Department of Dermatology, Cochin Hospital AP-HP, 75014 Paris, France; Cochin Institute, INSERM U1016, University of Paris, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Selim Aractingi
- Department of Dermatology, Cochin Hospital AP-HP, 75014 Paris, France; Cochin Institute, INSERM U1016, University of Paris, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Michel Vidal
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacochemistry, Cochin Hospital, AP-HP, CARPEM, 75014 Paris, France; UMR8038 CNRS, U1268 INSERM, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Paris, PRES Sorbonne Paris Cité, CARPEM, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Benoit Blanchet
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacochemistry, Cochin Hospital, AP-HP, CARPEM, 75014 Paris, France; UMR8038 CNRS, U1268 INSERM, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Paris, PRES Sorbonne Paris Cité, CARPEM, 75006 Paris, France
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20
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Sulochana SP, Trivedi RK, Srinivas NR, Mullangi R. A concise review of bioanalytical methods of small molecule immuno-oncology drugs in cancer therapy. Biomed Chromatogr 2020; 35:e4996. [PMID: 33047346 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.4996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Immuno-oncology (IO) is an emerging option to treat cancer malignancies. In the last two years, IO has accounted for more than 90% of the new active drugs in various therapeutic indications of oncology drug development. Bioanalytical methods used for the quantitation of various IO small molecule drugs have been summarized in this review. The most commonly used are HPLC and LC-MS/MS methods. Determination of IO drugs from biological matrices involves drug extraction from the biological matrix, which is mostly achieved by simple protein precipitation, liquid-liquid extraction and solid-phase extraction. Subsequently, quantitation is usually achieved by LC-MS/MS, but HPLC-UV has also been employed. The bioanalytical methods reported for each drug are briefly discussed and tabulated for easy access. Our review indicates that LC-MS/MS is a versatile and reliable tool for the sensitive, rapid and robust quantitation of IO drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suresh P Sulochana
- Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism Group, University of Mississippi, MS, USA
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21
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Buclin T, Thoma Y, Widmer N, André P, Guidi M, Csajka C, Decosterd LA. The Steps to Therapeutic Drug Monitoring: A Structured Approach Illustrated With Imatinib. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:177. [PMID: 32194413 PMCID: PMC7062864 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Pharmacometric methods have hugely benefited from progress in analytical and computer sciences during the past decades, and play nowadays a central role in the clinical development of new medicinal drugs. It is time that these methods translate into patient care through therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM), due to become a mainstay of precision medicine no less than genomic approaches to control variability in drug response and improve the efficacy and safety of treatments. In this review, we make the case for structuring TDM development along five generic questions: 1) Is the concerned drug a candidate to TDM? 2) What is the normal range for the drug's concentration? 3) What is the therapeutic target for the drug's concentration? 4) How to adjust the dosage of the drug to drive concentrations close to target? 5) Does evidence support the usefulness of TDM for this drug? We exemplify this approach through an overview of our development of the TDM of imatinib, the very first targeted anticancer agent. We express our position that a similar story shall apply to other drugs in this class, as well as to a wide range of treatments critical for the control of various life-threatening conditions. Despite hurdles that still jeopardize progress in TDM, there is no doubt that upcoming technological advances will shape and foster many innovative therapeutic monitoring methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thierry Buclin
- Service of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Yann Thoma
- School of Management and Engineering Vaud (HEIG-VD), University of Applied Science Western Switzerland (HES-SO), Yverdon-les-Bains, Switzerland
| | - Nicolas Widmer
- Service of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland.,Pharmacy of Eastern Vaud Hospitals, Rennaz, Switzerland.,Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Pascal André
- Service of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Monia Guidi
- Service of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland.,Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Chantal Csajka
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Center for Research and Innovation in Clinical Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Laurent A Decosterd
- Service of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
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22
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Krens SD, van der Meulen E, Jansman FGA, Burger DM, van Erp NP. Quantification of cobimetinib, cabozantinib, dabrafenib, niraparib, olaparib, vemurafenib, regorafenib and its metabolite regorafenib M2 in human plasma by UPLC-MS/MS. Biomed Chromatogr 2020; 34:e4758. [PMID: 31758580 PMCID: PMC7065026 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.4758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
A sensitive and selective ultra‐high performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC–MS/MS) method for the simultaneous determination of seven oral oncolytics (two PARP inhibitors, i.e. olaparib and niraparib, and five tyrosine kinase inhibitors, i.e. cobimetinib, cabozantinib, dabrafenib, vemurafenib and regorafenib, plus its active metabolite regorafenib M2) in EDTA plasma was developed and validated. Stable isotope‐labelled internal standards were used for each analyte. A simple protein precipitation method was performed with acetonitrile. The LC–MS/MS system consisted of an Acquity H‐Class UPLC system, coupled to a Xevo TQ‐S micro tandem mass spectrometer. The compounds were separated on a Waters CORTECS UPLC C18 column (2.1 × 50 mm, 1.6 μm particle size) and eluted with a gradient elution system. The ions were detected in the multiple reaction monitoring mode. The method was validated for cobimetinib, cabozantinib, dabrafenib, niraparib, olaparib, vemurafenib, regorafenib and regorafenib M2 over the ranges 6–1000, 100–5000, 10–4000, 200–2000, 200–20,000, 5000–100,000, 500–10,000 and 500–10,000 μg/L, respectively. Within‐day accuracy values for all analytes ranged from 86.8 to 115.0% with a precision of <10.4%. Between‐day accuracy values ranged between 89.7 and 111.9% with a between‐day precision of <7.4%. The developed method was successfully used for guiding therapy with therapeutic drug monitoring in cancer patients and clinical research programs in our laboratory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie D Krens
- Department of Pharmacy, Radboud University Medical Center , Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Eric van der Meulen
- Department of Pharmacy, Radboud University Medical Center , Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Frank G A Jansman
- Department of Pharmacy, Deventer Hospital, Deventer, The Netherlands.,Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - David M Burger
- Department of Pharmacy, Radboud University Medical Center , Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Nielka P van Erp
- Department of Pharmacy, Radboud University Medical Center , Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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23
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Novel high-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry method for simultaneous quantification of BCR-ABL and Bruton’s tyrosine kinase inhibitors and their three active metabolites in human plasma. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2020; 1137:121928. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2019.121928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Revised: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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24
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Janssen JM, de Vries N, Venekamp N, Rosing H, Huitema ADR, Beijnen JH. Development and validation of a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry assay for nine oral anticancer drugs in human plasma. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2019; 174:561-566. [PMID: 31255856 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2019.06.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Revised: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 06/22/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
A liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry assay was developed and validated for the nine oral anticancer agents alectinib, cobimetinib, lenvatinib, nintedanib, osimertinib, palbociclib, ribociclib, vismodegib and vorinostat in order to support therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM). The assay was based on reversed-phase chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry operating in the positive ion mode. The assay was validated based on the guidelines on bioanalytical methods by the US Food and Drug Administration and European Medicines Agency. The method was validated over a linear range of 10-200 ng/mL for alectinib, lenvatinib, nintedanib and vismodegib; 50-1000 ng/mL for cobimetinib and palbociclib; 100-2000 ng/mL for osimertinib; 5.00-100 ng/mL for ribociclib; 25-500 ng/mL for vorinostat. Intra-assay and inter-assay bias was within ±20% for all analytes at the lower limit of quantification and within ±15% at remaining concentrations. Stability experiments showed that osimertinib is unstable in the biomatrix and should be shipped on dry-ice and stored at -20 °C until analysis. All other compounds were stable in the biomatrix. The described TDM method was successfully validated and applied for TDM in patients treated with these KIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie M Janssen
- Department of Pharmacy & Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Niels de Vries
- Department of Pharmacy & Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Nikkie Venekamp
- Department of Pharmacy & Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Hilde Rosing
- Department of Pharmacy & Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Alwin D R Huitema
- Department of Pharmacy & Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Jos H Beijnen
- Department of Pharmacy & Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Clinical Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
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25
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van Nuland M, Rosing H, Schellens JHM, Beijnen JH. Bioanalytical LC-MS/MS validation of therapeutic drug monitoring assays in oncology. Biomed Chromatogr 2019; 34:e4623. [PMID: 31215049 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.4623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Revised: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) has shown to benefit patients treated with drugs of many drug classes, among which is oncology. With an increasing demand for drug monitoring, new assays have to be developed and validated. Guidelines for bioanalytical validation issued by the European Medicines Agency and US Food and Drug Administration are applicable for clinical trials and toxicokinetic studies and demand fully validated bioanalytical methods to yield reliable results. However, for TDM assays a limited validation approach is suggested based on the intended use of these methods. This review presents an overview of publications that describe method validation of assays specifically designed for TDM. In addition to evaluating current practice, we provide recommendations that could serve as a guide for future validations of TDM assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merel van Nuland
- Department of Pharmacy & Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Division of Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hilde Rosing
- Department of Pharmacy & Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jan H M Schellens
- Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Clinical Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jos H Beijnen
- Department of Pharmacy & Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Division of Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Clinical Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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26
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Li YH, Lin QM, Pang NH, Zhang XD, Huang HL, Cai JP, Hu GX. Functional characterization of 27 CYP3A4 protein variants to metabolize regorafenib in vitro. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2019; 125:337-344. [PMID: 31058459 DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.13246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
AIM Regorafenib is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor that is mainly metabolized by CYP3A4. The genetic polymorphism of CYP3A4 would contribute to differences in metabolism of regorafenib. Previously, we had discovered several novel CYP3A4 variants. However, the catalytic characteristics of these 27 CYP3A4 variants on oxidizing regorafenib have not being determined. The purpose of this study was to investigate the catalytic characteristics of 27 CYP3A4 protein variants on the oxidative metabolism of regorafenib in vitro. METHOD Wild-type CYP3A4.1 or other variants was incubated with 0.5-20 μmol/L regorafenib for 30 minutes. After sample processing, regorafenib-N-oxide, a primary metabolite, was detected by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry system. RESULT CYP3A4.20 had no detectable enzyme activity compared with wild-type CYP3A4.1; five variants (CYP3A4.5, .16, .19, .24, .29) exhibited similar clearance value with CYP3A4.1; four variants (CYP3A4.14, .15, .28, .31) displayed increased enzymatic activities, while remaining variants showed markedly decreased intrinsic clearance values. CONCLUSION This study is the first to investigate the function of 27 CYP3A4 protein variants on the metabolism of regorafenib in vitro, and it may provide some valuable information for further research in clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Hui Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Qian-Meng Lin
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Ni-Hong Pang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Dan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Huan-Le Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jian-Ping Cai
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital and Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Ministry of Health, Beijing, China
| | - Guo-Xin Hu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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27
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Hottinger A, Bensaid D, De Micheli R, Moura B, Mokhtari K, Cardoso E, Idbaih A, Stupp R. Leptomeningeal tumor response to combined MAPK/ERK inhibition in V600E-mutated gliomas despite undetectable CSF drug levels. Ann Oncol 2019; 30:155-156. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdy468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
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28
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Wang YK, Xiao XR, Xu KP, Li F. Metabolic profiling of the anti-tumor drug regorafenib in mice. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2018; 159:524-535. [PMID: 30055476 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2018.07.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Revised: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Regorafenib is a novel tyrosine kinase inhibitor, which has been approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of various tumors. The purpose of the present study was to describe the metabolic map of regorafenib, and investigate its effect on liver function. Mass spectrometry-based metabolomics approach integrated with multiple mass defect filter was used to determine the metabolites of regorafenib in vitro incubation mixtures (human liver microsomes and mouse liver microsomes), serum, urine and feces samples from mice treated with 80 mg/kg regorafenib. Eleven metabolites including four novel metabolites were identified in the present investigation. As halogen substituted drug, reductive defluorination and oxidative dechlorination metabolites of regorafenib were firstly report in present study. By screening using recombinant cytochrome P450 s (CYPs), CYP3A4 was found to be the principal isoforms involved in regorafenib metabolism. The predication with a molecular docking model confirmed that regorafenib had potential to interact with the active sites of CYP3A4, CYP3A5 and CYP2D6. Serum chemistry analysis revealed no evidence of hepatic damage from regorafenib exposure. This study provided a global view of regorafenib metabolism and its potential side-effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Kun Wang
- States Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xue-Rong Xiao
- States Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Kang-Ping Xu
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Fei Li
- States Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China.
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29
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Fu Q, Chen M, Hu S, McElroy CA, Mathijssen RH, Sparreboom A, Baker SD. Development and validation of an analytical method for regorafenib and its metabolites in mouse plasma. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2018; 1090:43-51. [PMID: 29783173 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2018.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Revised: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
An analytical method was developed for measuring the effect of OATP1B2 deficiency on plasma levels of the kinase inhibitor regorafenib and its metabolites regorafenib-N-oxide, N-desmethyl-regorafenib-N-oxide, and regorafenib-N-β-glucuronide (RG) in mice. Compounds were separated by liquid chromatography and monitored by a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer in the selected reaction monitoring mode after positive electrospray ionization. All calibration curves were linear in the selected concentration range (R2 ≥ 0.99). The lower limit of quantification was 5 ng/mL for the four analytes. Within-day precisions, between-day precisions, and accuracies were 2.59-6.82%, 3.97-11.3%, and 94.5-111%, respectively. The identification and structure elucidation of RG, isolated from human urine, was performed by NMR. Compared with wild-type mice given regorafenib (10 mg/kg), deficiency of the drug transporter OATP1B2 in vivo had minimal effects on plasma levels of parent drug and the metabolite regorafenib-N-oxide, and N-desmethyl-regorafenib-N-oxide. However, the area under the curve and peak levels of RG were increased by 5.6-fold and 5.1-fold, respectively, in OATP1B2-knockout mice. In conclusion, our analytical method allowed accurate and precise quantitation of regorafenib and its main metabolites in mouse plasma, and is suitable for evaluation of transporter-dependent pharmacokinetic properties of these agents in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Fu
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
| | - Mingqing Chen
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Shuiying Hu
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Craig A McElroy
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Ron H Mathijssen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Alex Sparreboom
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Sharyn D Baker
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA; Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
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