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Lindhardt JH, Holm PE, Zhu YG, Lu C, Hansen HCB. Plant-substrate biochar properties critical for mediating reductive debromination of 1,2-dibromoethane. J Environ Sci (China) 2025; 147:1-10. [PMID: 39003031 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2023.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2024]
Abstract
Dibromoethane is a widespread, persistent organic pollutant. Biochars are known mediators of reductive dehalogenation by layered FeII-FeIII hydroxides (green rust), which can reduce 1,2-dibromoethane to innocuous bromide and ethylene. However, the critical characteristics that determine mediator functionality are lesser known. Fifteen biochar substrates were pyrolyzed at 600 °C and 800 °C, characterized by elemental analysis, X-ray photo spectrometry C and N surface speciation, X-ray powder diffraction, specific surface area analysis, and tested for mediation of reductive debromination of 1,2-dibromoethane by a green rust reductant under anoxic conditions. A statistical analysis was performed to determine the biochar properties, critical for debromination kinetics and total debromination extent. It was shown that selected plant based biochars can mediate debromination of 1,2-dibromoethane, that the highest first order rate constant was 0.082/hr, and the highest debromination extent was 27% in reactivity experiments with 0.1 µmol (20 µmol/L) 1,2-dibromoethane, ≈ 22 mmol/L FeIIGR, and 0.12 g/L soybean meal biochar (7 days). Contents of Ni, Zn, N, and P, and the relative contribution of quinone surface functional groups were significantly (p < 0.05) positively correlated with 1,2-dibromoethane debromination, while adsorption, specific surface area, and the relative contribution of pyridinic N oxide surface groups were significantly negatively correlated with debromination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan H Lindhardt
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark; Key lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; Sino-Danish Center for education and research, China and Denmark, Dalgas Avenue 4, DK-8000 Aarhus C., Denmark.
| | - Peter E Holm
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark; Sino-Danish Center for education and research, China and Denmark, Dalgas Avenue 4, DK-8000 Aarhus C., Denmark
| | - Yong-Guan Zhu
- Key lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; Sino-Danish Center for education and research, China and Denmark, Dalgas Avenue 4, DK-8000 Aarhus C., Denmark
| | - Changyong Lu
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Hans Christian B Hansen
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark; Sino-Danish Center for education and research, China and Denmark, Dalgas Avenue 4, DK-8000 Aarhus C., Denmark
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Ouyang Q, Tobler DJ, Deng J, Huang L, Jakobsen R, Hansen HCB. Fast degradation of vinyl chloride by green rust and nitrogen-doped graphene. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 931:172825. [PMID: 38692311 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Carbonaceous materials catalyze reductive dechlorination of chlorinated ethylenes (CEs) by iron(II) materials providing a new approach for the remediation of CE polluted groundwater. While most CEs are reduced via β-elimination, vinyl chloride (VC), the most toxic and recalcitrant CE, degrades by hydrogenolysis. The significance of carbon catalysts for reduction of VC is well documented for iron(0) systems, but hardly investigated with iron(II) materials as reductants. In this study, a layered iron(II)‑iron(III) hydroxide sulfate (green rust) was used as reductant for VC, with an N-doped graphene (NG), prepared by co-pyrolysis of graphene and urea, as catalyst. VC (80 μM) was completely reduced to ethylene within 336 h in the presence of 5 g Fe/L GR and 5 g/L NG pyrolyzed at 950 °C, following pseudo-first-order kinetics with a rate constant of 0.017 h-1. Dosing experiments demonstrated that dechlorination of VC takes place on the NG phase. Monitoring of hydrogen formation, cyclic voltammetry, and quenching experiments demonstrated that atomic hydrogen contributes significantly to the dehalogenation reaction, where NG is critical for formation of atomic hydrogen. CE competition experiments demonstrated the presence of specific VC reduction sites with hydrogenolysis being unaffected by concurrent β-elimination reactions. The system exhibited excellent performance in natural groundwaters and in comparison with iron(0) systems. This study demonstrates that GR + NG is a promising system for remediation of VC contaminated groundwater, and the mechanistic part of the study can be used as a reference for subsequent studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Ouyang
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark.
| | - Dominique J Tobler
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Jia Deng
- School of Civil Engineering, Wuhan University, No. 8, East Lake South Road, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Lizhi Huang
- School of Civil Engineering, Wuhan University, No. 8, East Lake South Road, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Rasmus Jakobsen
- Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland, Øster Voldgade 10, 1350 København K, Denmark
| | - Hans Chr B Hansen
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
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Zhang X, Jia Q, Wu F, Zhu L, Huang LZ. Charging and discharging of humic acid geobattery induced by green rust and oxygenation: Impact on the fate and degradation of tribromophenol in redox-alternating groundwater environments. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 458:131872. [PMID: 37379598 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
Humic acid (HA) and ferrous minerals (e.g. green rust, GR) are abundant in groundwater. HA acts as a geobattery that take up and release electrons in redox-alternating groundwater environments. However, the impact of this process on the fate and transformation of groundwater pollutants is not fully understood. In this work, we found that the adsorption of HA on GR inhibited the adsorption of tribromophenol (TBP) under anoxic conditions. Meanwhile, GR could donate electrons to HA, causing the electron donating capacity of HA rapidly increase from 12.7% to 27.4% in 5 min. The electron transfer process from GR to HA significantly increased the yield of hydroxyl radicals (•OH) and the degradation efficiency of TBP during GR-involved dioxygen activation process. Compared to the limited electronic selectivity (ES) of GR for •OH production (ES = 0.83%), GR-reduced HA improves the ES by an order of magnitude (ES = 8.4%). HA-involved dioxygen activation process expands the •OH generation interface from solid phase to aqueous phase, which is conducive to the degradation of TBP. This study not only deepens our understanding on the role of HA in •OH production during GR oxygenation, but also provides a promising approach for groundwater remediation under redox-fluctuating conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejie Zhang
- School of Civil Engineering, Wuhan University, No. 8, East Lake South Road, Wuhan 430072, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, 430072, PR China
| | - Qianqian Jia
- School of Civil Engineering, Wuhan University, No. 8, East Lake South Road, Wuhan 430072, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, 430072, PR China
| | - Feng Wu
- School of Resources and Environmental Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Liandong Zhu
- School of Resources and Environmental Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Li-Zhi Huang
- School of Civil Engineering, Wuhan University, No. 8, East Lake South Road, Wuhan 430072, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, 430072, PR China.
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Zhang X, Deng J, Jia Q, Ji B, Dai Y, Huang LZ. Mineralization of tribromophenol under anoxic/oxic conditions in the presence of copper(II) doped green rust: Importance of sequential reduction-oxidation process. WATER RESEARCH 2022; 222:118959. [PMID: 35964514 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.118959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The groundwater environment often undergoes the transition from anoxic to oxic due to natural processes or human activities, but the influence of this transition on the fate of groundwater contaminates are not entirely understood. In this work, the degradation of tribromophenol (TBP) in the presence of environmentally relevant iron (oxyhydr)oxides (green rust, GR) and trace metal ions Cu(II) under anoxic/oxic-alternating conditions was investigated. Under anoxic conditions, GR-Cu(II) reduced TBP to 4-BP completely within 7 h while GR only had an adsorption effect on TBP. Under oxic conditions, GR-Cu(II) could generate •OH via dioxygen activation, which resulted in the oxidative transformation of TBP. Sixty-five percentage of TBP mineralization was achieved via a sequential reduction-oxidation process, which was not achieved through single reduction or oxidation process. The produced Cu(I) in GR-Cu(II) enhanced not only the reductive dehalogenation under anoxic conditions, but also the O2 activation under oxic conditions. Thus, the fate of TBP in anoxic/oxic-alternating groundwater environment is greatly influenced by the presence of GR-Cu(II). The sequential reduction-oxidation degradation of TBP by GR-Cu(II) is promising for future remediation of TBP-contaminated groundwater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejie Zhang
- School of Civil Engineering, Wuhan University, No. 8, East Lake South Road, Wuhan 430072, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, 430072, PR China
| | - Jia Deng
- School of Civil Engineering, Wuhan University, No. 8, East Lake South Road, Wuhan 430072, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, 430072, PR China
| | - Qianqian Jia
- School of Civil Engineering, Wuhan University, No. 8, East Lake South Road, Wuhan 430072, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, 430072, PR China
| | - Bingbing Ji
- School of Resources and Environmental Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Yitao Dai
- Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Li-Zhi Huang
- School of Civil Engineering, Wuhan University, No. 8, East Lake South Road, Wuhan 430072, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, 430072, PR China.
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Zhang X, Jia Q, Deng J, Wu F, Huang LZ. Interaction between green rust and tribromophenol under anoxic, oxic and anoxic-to-oxic conditions: Adsorption, desorption and oxidative degradation. WATER RESEARCH 2022; 217:118398. [PMID: 35413564 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.118398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Revised: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
As a reductive Fe(II)-bearing mineral, green rust (GR) is able to reduce halogenated compounds in anoxic subsurface environments. The redox condition of subsurface environment often changes from anoxic to oxic due to natural and anthropogenic disturbances, but the interaction of GR with halogenated compounds in oxic, and anoxic-to-oxic transition conditions has not been studied. This study reveals that GR can sequester TBP for a short time (4 to 10 h) under anoxic conditions. Later, GR undergoes structural transformation to ferrihydrite and magnetite with the desorption of TBP. GR-derived iron (hydr)oxides can generate 33.8 μM of •OH upon 50 h exposure to dioxygen, which leads to 67% of oxidative degradation of TBP. The anoxic-to-oxic transition during the TBP adsorption process initiates the TBP desorption immediately, and also results in the oxidative degradation of TBP via the production of •OH. The oxygenation of GR immediately forms magnetite which activate dioxygen to produce •OH. Also, the GR-derived magnetite acts as a Fe(II) source, and free Fe(II) in solution and Fe(II) adsorbed on magnetite surface both contribute to dioxygen activation. This work provides vital evidence on the role of GR in the fate and transformation of TBP in redox alternating subsurface environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejie Zhang
- School of Civil Engineering, Wuhan University, No. 8, East Lake South Road, Wuhan, 430072, China; State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, 430072, China
| | - Qianqian Jia
- School of Civil Engineering, Wuhan University, No. 8, East Lake South Road, Wuhan, 430072, China; State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, 430072, China
| | - Jia Deng
- School of Civil Engineering, Wuhan University, No. 8, East Lake South Road, Wuhan, 430072, China; State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, 430072, China
| | - Feng Wu
- School of Resources and Environmental Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Li-Zhi Huang
- School of Civil Engineering, Wuhan University, No. 8, East Lake South Road, Wuhan, 430072, China; State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, 430072, China.
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Li Y, Cai M, Ji B, Wu F, Huang LZ. Pyridinic nitrogen enables dechlorination of trichloroethylene to acetylene by green rust: Performance, mechanism and applications. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 824:153825. [PMID: 35157856 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Carbonous materials were found to catalyze the dechlorination of trichloroethylene (TCE) by green rust (GR), but the catalytic mechanism was not fully understood. We have developed a facile ball milling method to synthesize N-doped graphene (NG) with various N species, catalyzing fast dechlorination of TCE to acetylene by GR with the highest acetylene production rate of ~0.1 d-1. The adsorption of TCE onto NG is mainly derived from the graphene region of NG, and high pyridinic N is essential for the enhanced TCE reduction by GR. Oxygen species did not enhance the TCE reduction in GR/NG system. High dechlorination rates are correlated to a high amount of defect in NG and a high electron conductivity of NG. Pyridinic N has the highest adsorption energy for TCE among all the N species, which leads to the highest catalytic performance. High electrochemically active surface area resulted from the high content of pyridinic N facilitate the NG-catalyzed dechlorination. The acetylene production rate in real groundwater is still around one-third of that in ultrapure water. This work not only reveals the catalytic mechanism of NG-catalyzed dechlorination by GR, but also provide a feasible approach for practical remediations of TCE-contaminated groundwater using GR-NG mixture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueqi Li
- School of Civil Engineering, Wuhan University, No. 8, East Lake South Road, Wuhan, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, 430072, PR China
| | - Minjuan Cai
- School of Resources and Environmental Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Bingbing Ji
- School of Resources and Environmental Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Feng Wu
- School of Resources and Environmental Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Li-Zhi Huang
- School of Civil Engineering, Wuhan University, No. 8, East Lake South Road, Wuhan, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, 430072, PR China.
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Lu Y, Hu Y, Tang L, Xie Q, Liu Q, Zhong L, Fu L, Fan C. Effects and mechanisms of modified biochars on microbial iron reduction of Geobacter sulfurreducens. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 283:130983. [PMID: 34153910 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Biochar was proved as an electron shuttle to facilitate extracellular electron transfer (EET) of electrochemically active bacteria (EAB); however, its underlying mechanism was not fully understood. In this study, we aimed to further explore how the regulation of surface functional groups of biochar would affect the microbial iron reduction process of Geobacter sulfurreducens as a typical EAB. Two modified biochars were achieved after HNO3 (NBC) and NaBH4 (RBC) pretreatments, and a control biochar was produced after deionized water (WBC) washing. Results showed that WBC and RBC significantly accelerated microbial iron reduction of G. sulfurreducens PCA, while had no effect in the final Fe (II) minerals (e.g., vivianite and green rust (CO32-)). Besides, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area, electron spin resonance (ESR) and electrochemical measurements showed that larger surface area, lower redox potential, and more redox-active groups (e.g., aromatic structures and quinone/hydroquinone moieties) in RBC explained its better electron transfer performance comparing to WBC. Interestingly, NBC completely suppressed the Fe (III) reduction process, mainly due to the production of reactive oxygen species which inhibited the growth of G. sulfurreducens PCA. Overall, this work paves a feasible way to regulate the surface functional groups for biochar, and comprehensively revealed its effect on EET process of microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Lu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, Hunan, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, Hunan, China.
| | - Yingju Hu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, Hunan, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, Hunan, China
| | - Lin Tang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, Hunan, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, Hunan, China.
| | - Qingqing Xie
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, Hunan, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, Hunan, China
| | - Qian Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, Hunan, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, Hunan, China
| | - Linrui Zhong
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, Hunan, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, Hunan, China
| | - Leiling Fu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, Hunan, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, Hunan, China
| | - Changzheng Fan
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, Hunan, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, Hunan, China
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Zhao J, Xiong S, Ai J, Wu J, Huang LZ, Yin W. Stabilized green rusts for aqueous Cr(VI) removal: Fast kinetics, high iron utilization rate and anti-acidification. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 262:127853. [PMID: 32777616 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 07/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Green rusts (GRs) are redox active towards contaminants but they are not stable for long distance transport during the soil and groundwater remediation. In this study, green rust chloride (GR) was stabilized by selected regents, including silicate (Si), phosphate (P), fulvic acid (FA), carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and bone char (BC), then these stabilized GR, collectively named GR-X, would be further applied for Cr(VI) removal from aqueous solution. The stabilization experiment demonstrated that the release of Fe(II) from GR was effectively suppressed by above reagents, enabling at least 50% lower Fe(II) leaching from the stabilized GR-X than that from the pristine GR. The intact hexagonal GR plates and crystallinity were also confirmed by the SEM images and XRD patterns after storage for 7 days, indicating the stable structure of GR-X was remained. In the Cr(VI) removal tests, Cr(VI) was eliminated by GR-X in seconds with a Fe(II) utilization efficiency over 90%. The Cr species examination demonstrated that the GR-X was able to transfer Cr(VI) into stable Cr(III)-Fe(III) precipitates (Fe-Mn oxides fraction). After Cr(VI) removal tests, all reactors were exposed to the air for 1 week to monitor pH fluctuation and evaluated the risk of acidification. The results indicate that, except for GR-Si system, the other post-remediation systems are stable and the pH buffering ability of GR-X could avoid acidification and lower the Cr leaching risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxin Zhao
- School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China
| | - Shuting Xiong
- School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China
| | - Jing Ai
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, DK-1871, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Jinhua Wu
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Li-Zhi Huang
- School of Civil Engineering, Wuhan University, No. 8, East Lake South Road, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Weizhao Yin
- School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China.
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Yin W, Fang Z, Huang J, Li P, Zhong J, Chiang P, Wu J. Effects of seepage velocity and concentration on chromium(VI) removal in abiotic and biotic iron columns. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY 2020; 49:654-662. [PMID: 33016401 DOI: 10.1002/jeq2.20018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Continuous-flow iron and bio-iron columns were used to evaluate the effects of seepage velocity and concentration on Cr(VI) removal from groundwater. Solid-phase analysis showed that microorganisms accelerated iron corrosion by excreting extracellular polymeric substances and generated highly reactive minerals containing Fe(II), which gave the bio-iron column a longer life span and enhanced capacity for Cr(VI) removal via enhanced adsorption and reduction by reactive minerals. The bio-iron column showed much higher Cr(VI) removal capacity than the iron column with increasing Cr(VI) loading, which was obtained by increasing the seepage velocity or influent Cr(VI) concentration from 95 to 1138 m yr-1 and from 5 to 40 mg L-1 , respectively. When the Cr(VI) loading varied in a range of 0 to 10 mg L-1 h-1 , the bio-iron column had a 60% longer longevity and one- to sixfold higher Cr(VI) elimination capacity than the iron column. This result indicated that, under fluctuating hydraulic conditions [e.g., seepage velocity and Cr(VI) concentration], the presence of microorganisms can significantly boost Cr(VI) removal using Fe0 -based permeable reactive barriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weizhao Yin
- School of Environment and Energy, South China Univ. of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
- School of Environment, Jinan Univ., Guangzhou, 510632, PR China
| | - Zhanqiang Fang
- School of Chemistry and Environment, South China Normal Univ., Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Jingling Huang
- School of Environment and Energy, South China Univ. of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Ping Li
- School of Environment and Energy, South China Univ. of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Jiawei Zhong
- School of Environment and Energy, South China Univ. of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Penchi Chiang
- School of Environment and Energy, South China Univ. of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Jinhua Wu
- School of Environment and Energy, South China Univ. of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Eco-Remediation of Guangdong Regular Higher Education Institutions, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
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Su M, Yin W, Liu L, Li P, Fang Z, Fang Y, Chiang P, Wu J. Enhanced Cr(VI) stabilization in soil by carboxymethyl cellulose-stabilized nanosized Fe 0 (CMC-nFe 0) and mixed anaerobic microorganisms. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2020; 257:109951. [PMID: 31868635 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.109951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Revised: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A collaborative system of carboxymethyl cellulose stabilized nanosized zero-valent iron (CMC-nFe0) and microorganisms was set up to enhance the stabilization of Cr(VI) in soil. In comparison with an aqueous-bound Cr(VI) removal of 18.9% in the nFe0 system, a higher Cr(VI) removal of 68.9% was achieved in the nFe0 and microorganisms system after 14 d remediation because the microorganisms on the nFe0 surface promoted nFe0 corrosion and enhanced abiotic and biotic Cr(VI) stabilization by generating highly active minerals such as magnetite, lepidocrocite and green rust on the nFe0 surface. As a stabilizing agent for nFe0 and an organic substrate for microorganisms, CMC on the nFe0 surface not only enhanced the dispersion of nFe0, but also boosted the activity of microorganisms, resulting in a promotion of 0.9 and 0.5 times higher aqueous-bound Cr(VI) removal via the improvement of nFe0 and microorganisms respectively, thus a total 4 times higher aqueous-bound Cr(VI) removal of 95.3% was achieved in the CMC-nFe0 and microorganisms system as compared to the nFe0 system. After 14 d remediation, easily available species of Cr(VI) and Crtotal, such as water soluble (WS), exchangeable (EX) and bounded to carbonates (CB), were mainly transformed to less available Fe-Mn oxides-bounded (OX) and residual (RS) species because of the production of ferrochrome precipitates (CrxFe1-xOOH or CrxFe1-x(OH)3). Besides, the stabilization of Cr(VI) in the CMC-nFe0 and microorganisms system was pH-dependent and it increased with CMC-nFe0 dosage. Due to excellent Cr(VI) stabilization and Cr immobilization, coupled CMC-nFe0 and anaerobic microorganisms process is of great potential in remediating Cr(VI)-containing soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Su
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Weizhao Yin
- School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China
| | - Li Liu
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Ping Li
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Zhanqiang Fang
- School of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Yili Fang
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Penchi Chiang
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Jinhua Wu
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China; The Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China; The Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Eco-Remediation of Guangdong Regular Higher Education Institutions, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China.
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11
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Huang T, Song D, Wang G, Li G, Geng C, Yao C, Liu W, Zhang S. High adsorption performance of synthesized hexametaphosphate green rust towards Cr(VI) removal and its mechanism explorations. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2019; 252:109642. [PMID: 31586745 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.109642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Revised: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Hexametaphosphate intercalated green rust (hexa-P GR) was fabricated by a coprecipitation process in an anaerobic environment to improve the adsorption of hexa-P GR for Cr(VI) and the total Cr under various aqueous conditions. Three kinetic models including the pseudo-first-order, intraparticle, and Elovich were appropriate in describing the adsorption of hexa-P GR towards Cr(VI) and the total Cr. The maximum mono-layer adsorption capacities (mg/g) of hexa-P GR for Cr(VI) at pH of 2 and 7 were 87.64 and 92.25, respectively, with the theoretical maximum capacity (mg/g) of 52.73 being obtained at pH of 7. Some competing cations existing in solutions such as Al3+, Ca2+, and Mg2+ would consume more hexa-P GR to remove Cr species. The neutral and weak alkaline environment was conducive to the hexa-P GR reuse, while the strong alkaline environment was beneficial to the removal of the total Cr. The orthogonal variables including the initial pH, the flow rate, and the Cr(VI) concentration all significantly influenced Cr removal. The sequences of reaction pathways referring to the adsorption of hexa-P GR differently occurred in various pH conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Huang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, 215500, China; Suzhou Key Laboratory of Functional Ceramic Materials, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu, 215500, China.
| | - Dongping Song
- School of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, 215500, China; Suzhou Key Laboratory of Functional Ceramic Materials, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu, 215500, China.
| | - Guangshuai Wang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, 215500, China
| | - Gen Li
- School of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, 215500, China
| | - Cong Geng
- School of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, 215500, China
| | - Chen Yao
- School of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, 215500, China
| | - Wanhui Liu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, 215500, China; Suzhou Key Laboratory of Functional Ceramic Materials, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu, 215500, China.
| | - Shuwen Zhang
- Nuclear Resources Engineering College, University of South China, 421001, China
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12
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Fang L, Xu L, Liu C, Li J, Huang LZ. Enhanced reactivity and mechanisms of copper nanoparticles modified green rust for p-nitrophenol reduction. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2019; 129:299-307. [PMID: 31150972 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.05.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Revised: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This paper describes the reduction of p-nitrophenol by green rusts (GRs) interlayered with common inorganic anions (Cl-, SO42- and CO32-). Modifying of GRs with zero-valent Cu nanoparticles (Cu0 NPs) can greatly enhance the reductive reactivity of GRs via the formation of a galvanic couple between the GRs and the Cu0 NPs, as confirmed by an increased corrosion current. The direct addition of Cu0 NPs excludes the possible formation of less active mono-valent Cu in the GRs/Cu2+ system. Oxidation of GRs does not occur upon the addition of Cu0 NPs, thus a decline in electron transfer from the oxidized GRs to the Cu0 NPs is avoided. The optimum Cu0 NPs loading on GRCl is 0.5% wt. The GRCl/Cu0 NPs retains high reactivity in the studied pH range from 7 to 10, while the presence of NO3-, PO43-, SO42-, CO32- and humic acid inhibits PNP reduction by the GRCl and GRCl/Cu0 NPs. The GRCl/Cu0 NPs system is less susceptible to the presence of CO32- and humic acid compared to the pure GRCl system due to the migration of the PNP reduction sites from the GRs to the Cu0 NPs. This work sheds light on a new strategy for enhancing GR-based materials for use in groundwater remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Fang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Guangdong Institute of Eco-Environmental Science & Technology, , No. 808, Tianyuan Road, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Ling Xu
- Faculty of Material Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, No. 388, Lumo Road, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Chengshuai Liu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Guangdong Institute of Eco-Environmental Science & Technology, , No. 808, Tianyuan Road, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Ji Li
- Faculty of Material Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, No. 388, Lumo Road, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Li-Zhi Huang
- School of Civil Engineering, Wuhan University, No. 8, East Lake South Road, Wuhan, 430072, PR China.
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13
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Kovalska N, Pfaffeneder-Kmen M, Tsyntsaru N, Mann R, Henrikas Cesiulis, Hansal W, Kautek W. The role of glycine in the iron-phosphorous alloy electrodeposition. Electrochim Acta 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2019.03.203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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14
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Qiu H, Wang X, Cen J, Shi P, Fan J, Min Y, Xu Q. A novel path to prepare Fe/Al–layered double hydroxide nanosheets by sacrificial double anodes for the treatment of Cr-containing wastewater. J Colloid Interface Sci 2019; 542:73-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2019.01.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2018] [Revised: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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15
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Onoguchi A, Granata G, Haraguchi D, Hayashi H, Tokoro C. Kinetics and mechanism of selenate and selenite removal in solution by green rust-sulfate. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2019; 6:182147. [PMID: 31183139 PMCID: PMC6502383 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.182147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
This work investigated the removal of selenite and selenate from water by green rust (GR) sulfate. Selenite was immobilized by simple adsorption onto GR at pH 8, and by adsorption-reduction at pH 9. Selenate was immobilized by adsorption-reduction to selenite and zero valent selenium (Se0) at both pH 8 and 9. In the process, GR oxidized to a mixture of goethite (FeOOH) and magnetite (Fe3O4). The kinetics of selenite and selenate sorption at the GR-water interface was described through a pseudo-second-order model. X-ray absorption spectroscopy data enabled to elucidate the concentration profiles of Se and Fe species in the solid phase and allowed to distinguish two removal mechanisms, namely adsorption and reduction. Selenite and selenate were reduced by GR through homogeneous solid-phase reaction upon adsorption and by heterogeneous reaction at the solid-liquid interface. The selenite reduced through heterogeneous reduction with GR was adsorbed onto GR but not reduced further. The redox reaction between GR and selenite/selenate was kinetically described through an irreversible second-order bimolecular reaction model based on XAFS concentration profiles. Although the redox reaction became faster at pH 9, simple adsorption was always the fastest removal mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aina Onoguchi
- Department of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Waseda University, Okubo 3-4-1, Shinjuku, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
| | - Giuseppe Granata
- Department of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Waseda University, Okubo 3-4-1, Shinjuku, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
| | - Daisuke Haraguchi
- Central Research Institute, Mitsubishi Materials Corporation, 15-2, Fukimatsu, Onahama, Iwaki, Fukushima 971-8101, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Hayashi
- Central Research Institute, Mitsubishi Materials Corporation, 15-2, Fukimatsu, Onahama, Iwaki, Fukushima 971-8101, Japan
| | - Chiharu Tokoro
- Department of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Waseda University, Okubo 3-4-1, Shinjuku, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
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16
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Sun X, Liu Z, Zheng Z, Yu H, Zeng D. Improved adsorption of Congo red by nanostructured flower-like Fe(II)-Fe(III) hydroxy complex. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2018; 78:506-514. [PMID: 30207992 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2018.303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Amorphous Fe(II)-Fe(III) hydroxy complex with flower-like nanostructure was synthesized by ferric reduction using a microwave-assisted ethylene glycol approach. Here we investigated the correlation between its chemical composition and the removal rate for Congo red (CR) dye. The results showed that the amorphous complex had similar reduction and anion exchange capacities to the green rust. Due to the synergistic effect of attractive electrostatic interaction, anion exchange, ferrous redox and hydrogen bonding, the Fe(II)-Fe(III) hydroxy complex exhibited strong adsorption of CR with an estimated adsorption capacity up to 513 mg g-1. In contrast, the Fe(III) hydroxy complex had an adsorption capacity of 296 mg g-1 because of the predominant mechanism based on the electrostatic interaction. The present study provides a facile synthesis of nanostructured iron hydroxy complex, with superior performance in adsorbing CR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Sun
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China E-mail:
| | - Zhongwu Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China E-mail:
| | - Zhigang Zheng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China E-mail:
| | - Hongya Yu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China E-mail:
| | - Dechang Zeng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China E-mail:
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17
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Russell MJ. Green Rust: The Simple Organizing 'Seed' of All Life? Life (Basel) 2018; 8:E35. [PMID: 30150570 PMCID: PMC6161180 DOI: 10.3390/life8030035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Revised: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Korenaga and coworkers presented evidence to suggest that the Earth's mantle was dry and water filled the ocean to twice its present volume 4.3 billion years ago. Carbon dioxide was constantly exhaled during the mafic to ultramafic volcanic activity associated with magmatic plumes that produced the thick, dense, and relatively stable oceanic crust. In that setting, two distinct and major types of sub-marine hydrothermal vents were active: ~400 °C acidic springs, whose effluents bore vast quantities of iron into the ocean, and ~120 °C, highly alkaline, and reduced vents exhaling from the cooler, serpentinizing crust some distance from the heads of the plumes. When encountering the alkaline effluents, the iron from the plume head vents precipitated out, forming mounds likely surrounded by voluminous exhalative deposits similar to the banded iron formations known from the Archean. These mounds and the surrounding sediments, comprised micro or nano-crysts of the variable valence FeII/FeIII oxyhydroxide known as green rust. The precipitation of green rust, along with subsidiary iron sulfides and minor concentrations of nickel, cobalt, and molybdenum in the environment at the alkaline springs, may have established both the key bio-syntonic disequilibria and the means to properly make use of them-the elements needed to effect the essential inanimate-to-animate transitions that launched life. Specifically, in the submarine alkaline vent model for the emergence of life, it is first suggested that the redox-flexible green rust micro- and nano-crysts spontaneously precipitated to form barriers to the complete mixing of carbonic ocean and alkaline hydrothermal fluids. These barriers created and maintained steep ionic disequilibria. Second, the hydrous interlayers of green rust acted as engines that were powered by those ionic disequilibria and drove essential endergonic reactions. There, aided by sulfides and trace elements acting as catalytic promoters and electron transfer agents, nitrate could be reduced to ammonia and carbon dioxide to formate, while methane may have been oxidized to methyl and formyl groups. Acetate and higher carboxylic acids could then have been produced from these C1 molecules and aminated to amino acids, and thence oligomerized to offer peptide nests to phosphate and iron sulfides, and secreted to form primitive amyloid-bounded structures, leading conceivably to protocells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Russell
- Planetary Chemistry and Astrobiology, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109-8099, USA.
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18
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Yin W, Ai J, Huang LZ, Tobler DJ, B Hansen HC. A Silicate/Glycine Switch To Control the Reactivity of Layered Iron(II)-Iron(III) Hydroxides for Dechlorination of Carbon Tetrachloride. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2018; 52:7876-7883. [PMID: 29905472 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.8b02020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Layered FeII-FeIII hydroxide chloride (chloride green rust, GRCl) has high reactivity toward reducible pollutants such as chlorinated solvents. However, this reactive solid is prone to dissolution, and hence loss of reactivity, during storage and handling. In this study, adsorption of silicate (Si) to GRCl was tested for its ability to minimize GRCl dissolution and to inhibit reduction of carbon tetrachloride (CT). Silicate adsorbed with high affinity to GRCl yielding a sorption maximum of 0.026 g of Si/g of GRCl. In the absence of Si, the pseudo-first-order rate constant for CT dehalogenation by GRCl was 2.1 h-1, demonstrating very high reactivity of GRCl but with substantial FeII dissolution up to 2.5 mM. When Si was adsorbed to GRCl, CT dehalogenation was blocked and FeII dissolution extent was reduced by a factor of 28. The addition of glycine (Gly) was tested for reactivation of the Si-blocked GRCl for CT dehalogenation. At 30 mM Gly, partial reactivation of the GRCl was observed with pseudo-first-order rate constant for CT reduction of 0.075 h-1. This blockage and reactivation of GRCl reactivity demonstrates that it is possible to design a switch for GRCl to control its stability and reactivity under anoxic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weizhao Yin
- School of Environment , Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632 , China
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences , University of Copenhagen , Thorvaldsensvej 40 , DK-1871 Frederiksberg C , Denmark
| | - Jing Ai
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences , University of Copenhagen , Thorvaldsensvej 40 , DK-1871 Frederiksberg C , Denmark
| | - Li-Zhi Huang
- School of Civil Engineering , Wuhan University , No. 8, East Lake South Road , Wuhan , China
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center , Aarhus University , Gustav Wieds Vej 14 , DK-8000 Aarhus C , Denmark
| | - Dominique J Tobler
- Nano-Science Center, Department of Chemistry , University of Copenhagen , Universitetsparken 5 , DK-2100 , København Ø , Denmark
| | - Hans Christian B Hansen
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences , University of Copenhagen , Thorvaldsensvej 40 , DK-1871 Frederiksberg C , Denmark
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Koilraj P, Sasaki K. Eco-Friendly Alkali-Free Arginine-Assisted Hydrothermal Synthesis of Different Layered Double Hydroxides and Their Chromate Adsorption/Reduction Efficiency. ChemistrySelect 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201702134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Paulmanickam Koilraj
- Department of Earth Resources Engineering, Faculty of Engineering; Kyushu University; Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
| | - Keiko Sasaki
- Department of Earth Resources Engineering, Faculty of Engineering; Kyushu University; Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
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20
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Yin W, Strobel BW, B Hansen HC. Amino Acid-Assisted Dehalogenation of Carbon Tetrachloride by Green Rust: Inhibition of Chloroform Production. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2017; 51:3445-3452. [PMID: 28244752 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.6b06244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Layered FeII-FeIII hydroxides (green rusts, GRs) are promising reactants for reductive dechlorination of chlorinated solvents due to high reaction rates and the opportunity to inject reactive slurries of the compounds into contaminant plumes. However, it is necessary to develop strategies that reduce the formation of toxic byproducts such as chloroform (CF). In this study, carbon tetrachloride (CT) dehalogenation by the chloride form of GR (GRCl) was tested in the presence of glycine (GLY) and other selected amino acids. GLY, alanine (ALA), and serine (SER) all resulted in remarkable suppression of CF formation with only ∼10% of CF recovery while sarcosine (SAR) showed insignificant effects. For two nonamino acid buffers, TRIS had little effect while HEPES resulted in a 40 times lower rate constant compared to experiments in which no buffer was added. The FeII complexing properties of the amino acids and buffers caused variable extents of GRCl dissolution which was linearly correlated with CF suppression and dehalogenation rate. We hypothesize that the CF suppression seen for amino acids is caused by stabilization of carbene intermediates via the carbonyl group. Different effects on CF suppression and CT dehalogenation rate were expected because of the different structural and chemical properties of the amino acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weizhao Yin
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen , Thorvaldsensvej 40, Frederiksberg C, DK-1871, Denmark
| | - Bjarne W Strobel
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen , Thorvaldsensvej 40, Frederiksberg C, DK-1871, Denmark
| | - Hans Christian B Hansen
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen , Thorvaldsensvej 40, Frederiksberg C, DK-1871, Denmark
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