1
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Zarghami A, Dolatyari M, Mirtagioglu H, Rostami A. High-efficiency upconversion process in cobalt and neodymium doped graphene QDs for biomedical applications. Sci Rep 2023; 13:10277. [PMID: 37355717 PMCID: PMC10290654 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-37518-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiphoton absorbing upconversion nanoparticles are emerging as bioimaging materials but are limited by the low quantum yield of their visible fluorescence. This article contains colloids of graphene quantum dots (GQDs), Neodymium, and Cobalt doped Graphene Quantum dots (Co-GQDs and Nd-GQDs) surrounded by carboxylic acids are synthesized which especially are suitable for bio applications; in this way, carboxylic acid groups exchanged by Amoxicillin as an antibiotic with bactericidal activity. The XRD diffraction method, TEM microscope, UV-Vis, and photoluminescence spectroscopies characterize the synthesized materials. The synthesized Quantum dots (QDs) exhibit upconversion properties and their emission is centered at 480 nm, but a red shift was observed with the increase of the excitation wavelength. In the emission spectra of synthesized QDs that can be related to the defect levels introduced by passivation of the QDs in the structure, the results show that with the interaction of the surface QDs with more carboxylic groups, the redshift is not observed. As the results indicate an increase in the intensity of upconversion emission is recorded for Co-GQDs and Nd-GQDs. The absolute quantum efficiency (QY) for Co-GQDs and Nd-GQDs were determined to be 41% and 100% more than GQDs respectively. DFT calculations indicate a strong bond between graphene and cobalt and Neodymium atoms. In doped materials, there are trap levels between the band gap of the GQDs which are responsible for increasing the intensity of the upconversion phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armin Zarghami
- Photonics and Nanocrystal Research Lab. (PNRL), University of Tabriz, Tabriz, 5166614761, Iran
| | - Mahboubeh Dolatyari
- SP-EPT Lab., ASEPE Company, Industrial Park of Advanced Technologies, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hamit Mirtagioglu
- Department of Statistics, Faculty of Science and Literature, University of Bitlis Eren, Bitlis, Turkey
| | - Ali Rostami
- Photonics and Nanocrystal Research Lab. (PNRL), University of Tabriz, Tabriz, 5166614761, Iran.
- SP-EPT Lab., ASEPE Company, Industrial Park of Advanced Technologies, Tabriz, Iran.
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2
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Kalluri A, Dharmadhikari B, Debnath D, Patra P, Kumar CV. Advances in Structural Modifications and Properties of Graphene Quantum Dots for Biomedical Applications. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:21358-21376. [PMID: 37360447 PMCID: PMC10286289 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c08183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Graphene quantum dots (GQDs) are carbon-based, zero-dimensional nanomaterials and unique due to their astonishing optical, electronic, chemical, and biological properties. Chemical, photochemical, and biochemical properties of GQDs are intensely being explored for bioimaging, biosensing, and drug delivery. The synthesis of GQDs by top-down and bottom-up approaches, their chemical functionalization, bandgap engineering, and biomedical applications are reviewed here. Current challenges and future perspectives of GQDs are also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankarao Kalluri
- Department
of Material Science, Department of Chemistry, and Department of Molecular and Cell
Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - Bhushan Dharmadhikari
- Department
of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Technology, Minnesota State University, Mankato, Minnesota 56001, USA
| | - Debika Debnath
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Department of
Mechanical Engineering, University of Bridgeport, Bridgeport, Connecticut 06604, USA
| | - Prabir Patra
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Department of
Mechanical Engineering, University of Bridgeport, Bridgeport, Connecticut 06604, USA
| | - Challa Vijaya Kumar
- Department
of Material Science, Department of Chemistry, and Department of Molecular and Cell
Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
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3
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Zhang H, Wang J, Wei S, Wang C, Yin X, Song X, Jiang C, Sun G. Nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dot-based portable fluorescent sensors for the sensitive detection of Fe 3+ and ATP with logic gate operation. J Mater Chem B 2023. [PMID: 37334649 DOI: 10.1039/d3tb00327b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and Fe3+ are important "signaling molecules" in living organisms, and their abnormal concentrations can be used for the early diagnosis of degenerative diseases. Therefore, the development of a sensitive and accurate fluorescent sensor is essential for detecting these signaling molecules in biological matrices. Herein, nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dots (N-GQDs) with cyan fluorescence emission were prepared by thermal cleavage of graphene oxide (GO) with N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) as a solvent. The synergistic effect of static quenching and internal filtration enabled the selective quenching of N-GQD fluorescence by Fe3+. With the introduction of ATP, Fe3+ in the N-GQDs-Fe3+ system formed a more stable complex with ATP via the Fe-O-P bond, thus restoring the fluorescence of the N-GQDs. Fe3+ and ATP were detected in the linear ranges of 0-34 μM and 0-10 μM with the limits of detection (LOD) of 2.38 nM and 1.16 nM, respectively. In addition to monitoring Fe3+ and ATP in mouse serum and urine, the proposed method was also successfully applied for cytoplasmic imaging of 4T1 cells and in vivo imaging of freshwater shrimps. Moreover, the fluorescence and solution color change-based "AND" logic gate was successfully demonstrated in the biological matrix. Importantly, a complete sensing system was constructed by combining the N-GQDs with hydrogel kits and fluorescent flexible films. Thus, the prepared N-GQDs can be expected to serve as a valuable analytical tool for monitoring Fe3+ and ATP concentrations in biological matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyuan Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Life Science, Changchun University of Technology, 2055 Yanan Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China.
- Advanced Institute of Materials Science, Changchun University of Technology, 2055 Yanan Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Jieqiong Wang
- School of Chemistry and Life Science, Changchun University of Technology, 2055 Yanan Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China.
- Advanced Institute of Materials Science, Changchun University of Technology, 2055 Yanan Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Shanshan Wei
- School of Chemistry and Life Science, Changchun University of Technology, 2055 Yanan Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China.
- Advanced Institute of Materials Science, Changchun University of Technology, 2055 Yanan Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Chenzhao Wang
- School of Chemistry and Life Science, Changchun University of Technology, 2055 Yanan Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China.
- Advanced Institute of Materials Science, Changchun University of Technology, 2055 Yanan Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Xiangyu Yin
- School of Chemistry and Life Science, Changchun University of Technology, 2055 Yanan Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China.
- Advanced Institute of Materials Science, Changchun University of Technology, 2055 Yanan Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Xuewei Song
- School of Chemistry and Life Science, Changchun University of Technology, 2055 Yanan Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China.
- Advanced Institute of Materials Science, Changchun University of Technology, 2055 Yanan Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Chunzhu Jiang
- School of Chemistry and Life Science, Changchun University of Technology, 2055 Yanan Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China.
| | - Guoying Sun
- School of Chemistry and Life Science, Changchun University of Technology, 2055 Yanan Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China.
- Advanced Institute of Materials Science, Changchun University of Technology, 2055 Yanan Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
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4
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Barati F, Avatefi M, Moghadam NB, Asghari S, Ekrami E, Mahmoudifard M. A review of graphene quantum dots and their potential biomedical applications. J Biomater Appl 2023; 37:1137-1158. [PMID: 36066191 DOI: 10.1177/08853282221125311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Today, nanobiotechnology is a pioneering technology in biomedicine. Every day, new nanomaterials are synthesized with elevated physiochemical properties for better diagnosis and treatment of diseases. One advancing class of materials is the Graphene family. Among different kinds of graphene derivatives, graphene quantum dots (GQDs) show fantastic optical, electrical, and electrochemical features originating from their unique quantum confinement effect. Due to the distinct properties of GQD, including large surface-to-volume ratio, low cytotoxicity, and easy functionalization, this nanomaterial has gone popular in biomedical field. Herein, a short overview of different strategies developed for GQD synthesis and functionalization is discussed. In the following, the most recent progress of GQD based nanomaterials in different biomedical fields, including bio-imaging, drug/gene delivery, antimicrobial, tissue engineering, and biosensors, are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Barati
- Department of Industrial and Environmental Biotechnology, 48482National Institute for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Manizheh Avatefi
- Department of Industrial and Environmental Biotechnology, 48482National Institute for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Negin Borzooee Moghadam
- Department of Industrial and Environmental Biotechnology, 48482National Institute for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sahar Asghari
- Department of Industrial and Environmental Biotechnology, 48482National Institute for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elena Ekrami
- Department of Industrial and Environmental Biotechnology, 48482National Institute for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Matin Mahmoudifard
- Department of Industrial and Environmental Biotechnology, 48482National Institute for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran
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5
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Gulati S, Baul A, Amar A, Wadhwa R, Kumar S, Varma RS. Eco-Friendly and Sustainable Pathways to Photoluminescent Carbon Quantum Dots (CQDs). NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:554. [PMID: 36770515 PMCID: PMC9920802 DOI: 10.3390/nano13030554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Carbon quantum dots (CQDs), a new family of photoluminescent 0D NPs, have recently received a lot of attention. They have enormous future potential due to their unique properties, which include low toxicity, high conductivity, and biocompatibility and accordingly can be used as a feasible replacement for conventional materials deployed in various optoelectronic, biomedical, and energy applications. The most recent trends and advancements in the synthesizing and setup of photoluminescent CQDs using environmentally friendly methods are thoroughly discussed in this review. The eco-friendly synthetic processes are emphasized, with a focus on biomass-derived precursors. Modification possibilities for creating newer physicochemical properties among different CQDs are also presented, along with a brief conceptual overview. The extensive amount of writings on them found in the literature explains their exceptional competence in a variety of fields, making these nanomaterials promising alternatives for real-world applications. Furthermore, the benefits, drawbacks, and opportunities for CQDs are discussed, with an emphasis on their future prospects in this emerging research field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shikha Gulati
- Department of Chemistry, Sri Venkateswara College, University of Delhi, Delhi 110021, India
| | - Arikta Baul
- Department of Chemistry, Sri Venkateswara College, University of Delhi, Delhi 110021, India
| | - Anoushka Amar
- Department of Chemistry, Sri Venkateswara College, University of Delhi, Delhi 110021, India
| | - Rachit Wadhwa
- Department of Chemistry, Sri Venkateswara College, University of Delhi, Delhi 110021, India
| | - Sanjay Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Sri Venkateswara College, University of Delhi, Delhi 110021, India
| | - Rajender S. Varma
- Institute for Nanomaterials, Advanced Technologies, and Innovation (CxI), Technical University of Liberec (TUL), Studentská 1402/2, 461 17 Liberec, Czech Republic
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6
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Peptide-functionalized graphene oxide quantum dots as colorectal cancer theranostics. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 630:698-713. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.10.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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7
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Suryawanshi R, Kurrey R, Sahu S, Ghosh KK. Facile and scalable synthesis of un-doped, doped and co-doped graphene quantum dots: a comparative study on their impact for environmental applications. RSC Adv 2022; 13:701-719. [PMID: 36605643 PMCID: PMC9782860 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra05275j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, graphene quantum dots (GQDs) received huge attention due to their unique properties and potential applicability in different area. Here, we report simple and facile method for the synthesis of GQDs and their functionalization by doping and co-doping using different heteroatom under the optimized conditions. The doping and co-doping of GQDs using boron and nitrogen have been confirmed by FTIR and TEM. The UV-visible and fluorescence techniques have been used to study the optical properties and stability of functionalized GQDs. Further, the screening for enhancement of quantum yields of all GQDs were performed with fluorescence and UV-visible spectra under the optimized conditions. The average QY was obtained as 16.0%, 83.6%, 18.2% and 29.6% for GQDs, B-GQDs, N-GQDs and B,N-GQDs, respectively. The sensor was used to determine paraoxon in water samples. The LOD was observed to be 1.0 × 10-4 M with linearity range of 0.001 to 0.1 M. The RSD was calculated for the developed B,N-GQDs based sensor and observed to be 2.99% with the regression coefficient as 0.997. All the doped, co-doped and un-doped GQDs possess remarkable properties as a fluorescent probe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reena Suryawanshi
- School of Studies in Chemistry, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla UniversityRaipur-492010ChhattisgarhIndia
| | - Ramsingh Kurrey
- School of Studies in Chemistry, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla UniversityRaipur-492010ChhattisgarhIndia
| | - Sushama Sahu
- School of Studies in Chemistry, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla UniversityRaipur-492010ChhattisgarhIndia
| | - Kallol K. Ghosh
- School of Studies in Chemistry, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla UniversityRaipur-492010ChhattisgarhIndia
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8
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Ratre P, Jain B, Kumari R, Thareja S, Tiwari R, Srivastava RK, Goryacheva IY, Mishra PK. Bioanalytical Applications of Graphene Quantum Dots for Circulating Cell-Free Nucleic Acids: A Review. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:39586-39602. [PMID: 36385871 PMCID: PMC9648045 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c05414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Graphene quantum dots (GQDs) are carbonaceous nanodots that are natural crystalline semiconductors and range from 1 to 20 nm. The broad range of applications for GQDs is based on their unique physical and chemical properties. Compared to inorganic quantum dots, GQDs possess numerous advantages, including formidable biocompatibility, low intrinsic toxicity, excellent dispensability, hydrophilicity, and surface grating, thus making them promising materials for nanophotonic applications. Owing to their unique photonic compliant properties, such as superb solubility, robust chemical inertness, large specific surface area, superabundant surface conjugation sites, superior photostability, resistance to photobleaching, and nonblinking, GQDs have emerged as a novel class of probes for the detection of biomolecules and study of their molecular interactions. Here, we present a brief overview of GQDs, their advantages over quantum dots (QDs), various synthesis procedures, and different surface conjugation chemistries for detecting cell-free circulating nucleic acids (CNAs). With the prominent rise of liquid biopsy-based approaches for real-time detection of CNAs, GQDs-based strategies might be a step toward early diagnosis, prognosis, treatment monitoring, and outcome prediction of various non-communicable diseases, including cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Ratre
- Department
of Molecular Biology, ICMR-National Institute
for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal, 462030, India
| | - Bulbul Jain
- Department
of Molecular Biology, ICMR-National Institute
for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal, 462030, India
| | - Roshani Kumari
- Department
of Molecular Biology, ICMR-National Institute
for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal, 462030, India
| | - Suresh Thareja
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, 151401, India
| | - Rajnarayan Tiwari
- Department
of Molecular Biology, ICMR-National Institute
for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal, 462030, India
| | - Rupesh Kumar Srivastava
- Department
of Biotechnology, All India Institute of
Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Irina Yu Goryacheva
- Department
of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Institute
of Chemistry, Saratov State University, Saratov, 410012, Russia
| | - Pradyumna Kumar Mishra
- Department
of Molecular Biology, ICMR-National Institute
for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal, 462030, India
- E-mail: . Mobile: +91 94799 83943
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9
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Saisree S, Nair JSA, Sandhya KY. Variant solvothermal synthesis of N-GQD for colour tuning emissions and naked eye reversible shade tweaking pH sensing ability. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-022-02376-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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10
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Graphene quantum dots: synthesis, properties, and applications to the development of optical and electrochemical sensors for chemical sensing. Mikrochim Acta 2022; 189:258. [PMID: 35701638 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-022-05353-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
GQDs exhibits exceptional electrochemical activity owing to their active edge sites that make them very attractive for biosensing applications. However, their use in the design of new biosensing devices for application to the detection and quantification of toxins, pathogens, and clinical biomarkers has so far not investigated in detail. In this regard, herein we provide a detailed review on various methodologies employed for the synthesis of GQDs, including bottom-up and top-down approaches, with a special focus on their applications in biosensing via fluorescence, photoluminescence, chemiluminescence, electrochemiluminescence, fluorescence resonance energy transfer, and electrochemical techniques. We believe that this review will shed light on the critical issues and widen the applications of GQDs for the design of biosensors with improved analytical response for future applications. HIGHLIGHTS: • Properties of GQDs play a critical role in biosensing applications. • Synthesis of GQDs using top-down and bottom-up approaches is discussed comprehensively. • Overview of advancements in GQD-based sensors over the last decade. • Methods for the design of selective and sensitive GQD-based sensors. • Challenges and opportunities for future GQD-based sensors.
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11
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Kansara V, Tiwari S, Patel M. Graphene quantum dots: A review on the effect of synthesis parameters and theranostic applications. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2022; 217:112605. [PMID: 35688109 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2022.112605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The rising demand for early-stage diagnosis of diseases such as cancer, diabetes, neurodegenerative can be met with the development of materials offering high sensitivity and specificity. Graphene quantum dots (GQDs) have been investigated extensively for theranostic applications owing to their superior photostability and high aqueous dispersibility. These are attractive for a range of biomedical applications as their physicochemical and optoelectronic properties can be tuned precisely. However, many aspects of these properties remain to be explored. In the present review, we have discussed the effect of synthetic parameters upon their physicochemical characteristics relevant to bioimaging. We have highlighted the effect of particle properties upon sensing of biological molecules through 'turn-on' and 'turn-off' fluorescence and generation of electrochemical signals. After describing the effect of surface chemistry and solution pH on optical properties, an inclusive view on application of GQDs in drug delivery and radiation therapy has been given. Finally, a brief overview on their application in gene therapy has also been included.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vrushti Kansara
- Maliba Pharmacy College, Uka Tarsadia University, Gujarat, India
| | - Sanjay Tiwari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Raebareli, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Mitali Patel
- Maliba Pharmacy College, Uka Tarsadia University, Gujarat, India.
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12
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Yang Z, Xu T, Zhang X, Li H, Jia X, Zhao S, Yang Z, Liu X. Nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dots as fluorescent nanosensor for selective determination and cellular imaging of ClO . SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2022; 271:120941. [PMID: 35114635 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2022.120941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The carbon nanomaterial based fluorescent probes have been widely applied in biological imaging. In the current research, we propose an interesting strategy for selective sensing of hypochlorite (ClO-) by a water-soluble and highly fluorescent nanosensor based on the N-doped carbon quantum dots (CDs) which was fabricated by a facile and environmental friendly hydrothermal approach from polyvinyl pyrrolidone, L-arginine and tryptophan. The structural characteristics of the probe were measured by multitudinous methods which proved the nanometer spherical structure of the probe and the successfully N-doping. Fluorescent investigation demonstrated that the probe is not only highly stable under interferences of pH, ionic strength, and irradiation, but also significantly selective toward ClO- amongst a variety of attractive bioactive species through the fluorescent quenching process which was correlative with the concentration of ClO- and linearly in the range of 0.1-50 μmol·L-1 with the sensitivity of 0.03 μmol·L-1. The probe can also be further illustrated in a prospective application for determination of ClO- in environmental water through both solution response and filer paper sensing. Moreover, the positive biocompatibility and ignorable cytotoxicity made the probe a promising effective agent for detection and visualizing ClO- in living cells which can facilitate the understanding the oxidative stress from the overexpressing ClO-.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Yang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710054, PR China; Key Laboratory of Coal Resources Exploration and Comprehensive Utilization, Ministry of Land and Resources, Xi'an 710012, PR China; Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, PR China.
| | - Tiantian Xu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710054, PR China
| | - Xu Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710054, PR China
| | - Hui Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710054, PR China; Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, PR China
| | - Xiaodan Jia
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710054, PR China; Key Laboratory of Coal Resources Exploration and Comprehensive Utilization, Ministry of Land and Resources, Xi'an 710012, PR China
| | - Shunsheng Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710054, PR China; Key Laboratory of Coal Resources Exploration and Comprehensive Utilization, Ministry of Land and Resources, Xi'an 710012, PR China
| | - Zaiwen Yang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710054, PR China; Key Laboratory of Coal Resources Exploration and Comprehensive Utilization, Ministry of Land and Resources, Xi'an 710012, PR China
| | - Xiangrong Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710054, PR China; Key Laboratory of Coal Resources Exploration and Comprehensive Utilization, Ministry of Land and Resources, Xi'an 710012, PR China
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13
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Khose RV, Bangde P, Bondarde MP, Dhumal PS, Bhakare MA, Chakraborty G, Ray AK, Dandekar P, Some S. Waste derived approach towards wealthy fluorescent N-doped graphene quantum dots for cell imaging and H 2O 2 sensing applications. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2022; 266:120453. [PMID: 34628364 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2021.120453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we report the synthesis of a highly fluorescent nitrogen doped graphene quantum dots (N-GQDs) from waste precursors such as melamine sponge and arjuna bark via a microwave treatment and its functional and morphological characterization using various spectroscopy techniques such as optical, FTIR, XPS and TEM. The as-prepared aqueous N-GQD (dia. 2-3 nm) was used for the bio-imaging application using breast carcinoma cell line (MDA-MB-231) as a model, and the locations of all cells in the cytoplasm as well as nuclei were observed to stain brightly in blue fluorescent color successfully. In addition to that, the aqueous N-GQD showed fluorescence quenching behavior in the presence of hydrogen peroxide, which was exploited to sense H2O2, a probable toxin generated in the diseased cells. Importantly, the cell cytotoxicity was measured and found to be non-toxic (70% survival) to the MDA-MB-231 cells even at very high concentration (∼1.8 mg/ml) of the synthesized N-GQD. This study revealing excellent biocompatibility and imaging of the model cancer cells, and sensing of H2O2 by fluorescent quenching, indicates potential in-vivo cell culture applications of the prepared fluorescent N-GQD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul V Khose
- Department of Speciality Chemicals Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Matunga, Mumbai 400019, India
| | - Prachi Bangde
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Matunga, Mumbai 400019, India
| | - Mahesh P Bondarde
- Department of Speciality Chemicals Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Matunga, Mumbai 400019, India
| | - Pratik S Dhumal
- Department of Speciality Chemicals Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Matunga, Mumbai 400019, India
| | - Madhuri A Bhakare
- Department of Speciality Chemicals Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Matunga, Mumbai 400019, India
| | - Goutam Chakraborty
- Laser and Plasma Technology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
| | - Alok K Ray
- HBNI, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, India; RRF, Laser and Plasma Technology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
| | - Prajakta Dandekar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Matunga, Mumbai 400019, India
| | - Surajit Some
- Department of Speciality Chemicals Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Matunga, Mumbai 400019, India.
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14
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Nandi N, Gaurav S, Sarkar P, Kumar S, Sahu K. Hit Multiple Targets with One Arrow: Pb 2+ and ClO - Detection by Edge Functionalized Graphene Quantum Dots and Their Applications in Living Cells. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2021; 4:7605-7614. [PMID: 35006709 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.1c00867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Recently, multimodal detection of analytes through a single nanoprobe has become an eminent approach for researchers. Herein a fluorescent nanoprobe, functionalized-GQD (F-GQD), has been designed through edge functionalization of graphene quantum dots (GQDs) by 2,6-diaminopyridine molecules. The fluorescence of F-GQD is quite sensitive to medium pH, making it a suitable pH sensor within the pH range 2-6. Interestingly, F-GQD shows dual sensing of Pb2+ and ClO- by entirely different pathways; Pb2+ exhibits fluorescence turn-on performance while ClO- triggers turn-off fluorescence quenching. The fluorescence enhancement may originate from the Pb2+-induced aggregation of the nanodots. The limit of detection (LOD) was also impressive, 1.2 μM and 12.6 nM for Pb2+ and ClO-, respectively. The detailed mechanistic investigations reveal that both dynamic and static quenching effects operate together in the F-GQD-ClO- system. The dynamic quenching was attributed to the energy migration from F-GQD to ClO- through hydrogen bonding interaction (static quenching) between the amine group at the F-GQD surface and ClO-. The F-GQD nanodot reveals excellent sensitivity toward the detection of ClO- in real samples. Moreover, the F-GQDs also serve as multicolor fluorescent probes for cell imaging; the probe can easily penetrate the cell membrane and successfully detect intracellular ClO-.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilanjana Nandi
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India
| | - Shubham Gaurav
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, 781039 Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Priyanka Sarkar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India
| | - Sachin Kumar
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, 781039 Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Kalyanasis Sahu
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India
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15
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Moon BJ, Kim SJ, Lee A, Oh Y, Lee SK, Lee SH, Kim TW, Hong BH, Bae S. Structure-controllable growth of nitrogenated graphene quantum dots via solvent catalysis for selective C-N bond activation. Nat Commun 2021; 12:5879. [PMID: 34620858 PMCID: PMC8497556 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-26122-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Photophysical and photochemical properties of graphene quantum dots (GQDs) strongly depend on their morphological and chemical features. However, systematic and uniform manipulation of the chemical structures of GQDs remains challenging due to the difficulty in simultaneous control of competitive reactions, i.e., growth and doping, and the complicated post-purification processes. Here, we report an efficient and scalable production of chemically tailored N-doped GQDs (NGs) with high uniformity and crystallinity via a simple one-step solvent catalytic reaction for the thermolytic self-assembly of molecular precursors. We find that the graphitization of N-containing precursors during the formation of NGs can be modulated by intermolecular interaction with solvent molecules, the mechanism of wh ich is evidenced by theoretical calculations and various spectroscopic analyses. Given with the excellent visible-light photoresponse and photocatalytic activity of NGs, it is expected that the proposed approach will promote the practical utilization of GQDs for various applications in the near future. Photophysical and photochemical features of graphene quantum dots (GQDs) strongly depend on their chemical nature that remains challenging to be controlled in a systematic and uniform manner. Here the authors report an efficient solvent-catalyst-aided growth of chemically tailored N-doped GQDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byung Joon Moon
- Functional Composite Materials Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do, 55324, Republic of Korea.,Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Jin Kim
- Functional Composite Materials Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do, 55324, Republic of Korea
| | - Aram Lee
- Functional Composite Materials Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do, 55324, Republic of Korea
| | - Yelin Oh
- Functional Composite Materials Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do, 55324, Republic of Korea
| | - Seoung-Ki Lee
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Hyun Lee
- The School of Chemical Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Wook Kim
- Department of Flexible and Printable Electronics, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do, 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Hee Hong
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.,Graphene Research Center, Advanced Institute of Convergence Technology, Seoul National University, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 16229, Republic of Korea
| | - Sukang Bae
- Functional Composite Materials Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do, 55324, Republic of Korea.
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16
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Sohal N, Maity B, Basu S. Recent advances in heteroatom-doped graphene quantum dots for sensing applications. RSC Adv 2021; 11:25586-25615. [PMID: 35478909 PMCID: PMC9037181 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra04248c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Graphene quantum dots (GQDs) are carbon-based fluorescent nanomaterials having various applications due to attractive properties. But the low photoluminescence (PL) yield and monochromatic PL behavior of GQDs put limitations on their real-time applications. Therefore, heteroatom doping of GQDs is recognized as the best approach to modify the optical as well as electronic properties of GQDs by modifying their chemical composition and electronic structure. In this review, the new strategies for preparing the heteroatom (N, B, S, P) doped GQDs by using different precursors and methods are discussed in detail. The particle size, emission wavelength, PL emissive color, and quantum yield of recently developed heteroatom doped GQDs are reported in this article. The investigation of structure, crystalline nature, and composition of heteroatom doped GQDs by various characterization techniques such as high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) are also described. The recent progress on the impact of mono or co-doping of heteroatoms on PL behavior, and optical, electrochemiluminescence (ECL), and electrochemical properties of GQDs is also surveyed. Further, heteroatom doped GQDs with attractive properties used in sensing of various metal ions, biomolecules, small organic molecules, etc. by using various techniques with different limits of detection are also summarized. This review provides progressive trends in the development of heteroatom doped GQDs and their various applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neeraj Sohal
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology Patiala 147004 India
| | - Banibrata Maity
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology Patiala 147004 India
| | - Soumen Basu
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology Patiala 147004 India
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17
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18
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Carbon nanotubes, nanochains and quantum dots synthesized through the chemical treatment of charcoal powder. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.129419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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19
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Lu D, Yin K, Zhao Y, Gao Z, Godbert N, Li H, Li H, Hao J. Facile synthesis of alkylated carbon dots with blue emission in halogenated benzene solvents. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2020.126129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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20
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Outstanding Graphene Quantum Dots from Carbon Source for Biomedical and Corrosion Inhibition Applications: A Review. SUSTAINABILITY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/su13042127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Graphene quantum dots (GQD) is an efficient nanomaterial composed of one or more layers of graphene with unique properties that combine both graphene and carbon dots (CDs). It can be synthesized using carbon-rich materials as precursors, such as graphite, macromolecules polysaccharides, and fullerene. This contribution emphasizes the utilization of GQD-based materials in the fields of sensing, bioimaging, energy storage, and corrosion inhibitors. Inspired by these numerous applications, various synthetic approaches have been developed to design and fabricate GQD, particularly bottom-up and top-down processes. In this context, the prime goal of this review is to emphasize possible eco-friendly and sustainable methodologies that have been successfully employed in the fabrication of GQDs. Furthermore, the fundamental and experimental aspects associated with GQDs such as possible mechanisms, the impact of size, surface alteration, and doping with other elements, together with their technological and industrial applications have been envisaged. Till now, understanding simple photo luminance (PL) operations in GQDs is very critical as well as there are various methods derived from the optical properties of manufactured GQDs can differ. Lack of determining exact size and morphology is highly required without loss of their optical features. Finally, GQDs are promising candidates in the after-mentioned application fields.
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21
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Nitrogen and sulfur co-doped graphene quantum dots/nanocellulose nanohybrid for electrochemical sensing of anti-schizophrenic drug olanzapine in pharmaceuticals and human biological fluids. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 165:2030-2037. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.10.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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22
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Huang X, Tang M. Research advance on cell imaging and cytotoxicity of different types of quantum Dots. J Appl Toxicol 2020; 41:342-361. [DOI: 10.1002/jat.4083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoquan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education; School of Public Health Southeast University Nanjing P.R. China
| | - Meng Tang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education; School of Public Health Southeast University Nanjing P.R. China
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23
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Zhao C, Song X, Liu Y, Fu Y, Ye L, Wang N, Wang F, Li L, Mohammadniaei M, Zhang M, Zhang Q, Liu J. Synthesis of graphene quantum dots and their applications in drug delivery. J Nanobiotechnology 2020; 18:142. [PMID: 33008457 PMCID: PMC7532648 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-020-00698-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
This review focuses on the recent advances in the synthesis of graphene quantum dots (GQDs) and their applications in drug delivery. To give a brief understanding about the preparation of GQDs, recent advances in methods of GQDs synthesis are first presented. Afterwards, various drug delivery-release modes of GQDs-based drug delivery systems such as EPR-pH delivery-release mode, ligand-pH delivery-release mode, EPR-Photothermal delivery-Release mode, and Core/Shell-photothermal/magnetic thermal delivery-release mode are reviewed. Finally, the current challenges and the prospective application of GQDs in drug delivery are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changhong Zhao
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, P. R. China.
- Electronics Materials and Systems Laboratory, Department of Microtechnology and Nanoscience, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Xuebin Song
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, P. R. China
| | - Ya Liu
- Electronics Materials and Systems Laboratory, Department of Microtechnology and Nanoscience, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Yifeng Fu
- Electronics Materials and Systems Laboratory, Department of Microtechnology and Nanoscience, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Lilei Ye
- SHT Smart High-Tech AB, 411 33, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Nan Wang
- SHT Smart High-Tech AB, 411 33, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Fan Wang
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, P. R. China
| | - Lu Li
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, P. R. China
| | - Mohsen Mohammadniaei
- Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, 2800, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Ming Zhang
- Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, 2800, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Qiqing Zhang
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, P. R. China.
| | - Johan Liu
- Electronics Materials and Systems Laboratory, Department of Microtechnology and Nanoscience, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96, Gothenburg, Sweden.
- School of Automation and Mechanical Engineering, SMIT Center, Shanghai University, No 20, Chengzhong Road, Box 808, ShanghaiShanghai, 201800, China.
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24
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Chen L, Zheng F, Yang P, Chen B, Aguilar ZP, Fu F, Xu H. Effects of QDs exposure on the reproductive and embryonic developmental toxicity in mice at various pregnancy stages. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2020; 9:371-378. [PMID: 32905215 DOI: 10.1093/toxres/tfaa034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2020] [Revised: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Quantum dots (QDs) have recently attracted considerable attention in the biomedical fields because of their unique and excellent optical properties. However, information on their health effects, particularly in the reproductive system, is limited. The present study focuses on the effects of intravenous injection of CdSe/ZnS QDs on the reproductive system and embryo development at various stages of pregnancy in mice. The CdSe/ZnS QDs intravenously injected in mice during pregnancy accumulated in the maternal liver, uterus and placenta. This accumulation affected the growth and development of the embryo during the early and middle stages of pregnancy. Moreover, genotoxicity to the placenta after exposure to CdSe/ZnS QDs was demonstrated by the increased expression levels of genes related to oxidative stress and apoptosis and the reduced expression levels of genes related to the nutrient and waste transportation. Alterations in the gene expression levels have hindered the transport of metabolites across the placenta, which in turn affected the ability of the fetus to obtain nutrients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Chen
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330000, China.,State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Fengxia Zheng
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330000, China.,State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Pengfei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Bolu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | | | - Fen Fu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330000, China
| | - Hengyi Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
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25
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Ashraf G, Asif M, Aziz A, Dao AQ, Zhang T, Iftikhar T, Wang Q, Liu H. Facet-energy inspired metal oxide extended hexapods decorated with graphene quantum dots: sensitive detection of bisphenol A in live cells. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:9014-9023. [PMID: 32270807 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr10944g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The development of crystal-facet metal oxide heterostructures has been of great interest owing to their rational design and multifunctional properties at the nanoscale level. Herein, we report a facile solution-based method for the synthesis of single-crystal Cu2O nanostructures (i.e. Cu2O-CuO) as a core. Graphene quantum dots (GQDs) with varying concentrations are fabricated on the surface of Cu2O extended hexapods (EHPs) in ethanol solution at room temperature via self-assembly, where copper acts as a sacrificial model and a stabilizer as well. The Cu2O crystals displayed a good sensing activity toward BPA oxidation owing to their high energy facets, dangling bonds and great proportion of surface copper atoms. Structural, morphological, chemical and vibrational investigations were performed in detail, presenting high crystallinity of hybrid nanocomposites and Cu2O-CuO heterojunction positions along with the growth of GQDs on the core of Cu2O-CuO crystals. The electrochemical sensing performance of the as-fabricated Cu2O-CuO@GQD EHPs was monitored for the determination of bisphenol A (BPA) as an early diagnostic marker and environmental contaminant. The synergistic effects of the boosted surface area, exposed Cu {111} crystallographic planes and mixed copper valences enhance redox reaction kinetics by increasing the electron shuttling rate at the electrode-analyte junction. Benefitting from the improved electrocatalytic activity for BPA oxidation, the electrochemical sensor displayed the lowest limit of detection (≤1 nM), good chemical stability, a broad linear range (2 nM-11 mM), and high sensitivity (636 μA mM-1 cm-2). The Cu2O-CuO@GQD EHP-based sensing platform was used for BPA detection in water and human serum samples. We have also constructed a pioneering electrochemical sensing platform for BPA detection in live cells, which might be used as a marker for early disease diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghazala Ashraf
- Key Laboratory for Large-Format Battery Materials and System, Ministry of Education, Hubei, P. R. China
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26
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Tajik S, Dourandish Z, Zhang K, Beitollahi H, Le QV, Jang HW, Shokouhimehr M. Carbon and graphene quantum dots: a review on syntheses, characterization, biological and sensing applications for neurotransmitter determination. RSC Adv 2020; 10:15406-15429. [PMID: 35495425 PMCID: PMC9052380 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra00799d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuro-transmitters have been considered to be essential biochemical molecules, which monitor physiological and behavioral function in the peripheral and central nervous systems. Thus, it is of high pharmaceutical and biological significance to analyze neuro-transmitters in the biological samples. So far, researchers have devised a lot of techniques for assaying these samples. It has been found that electro-chemical sensors possess features of robustness, selectivity, and sensitivity as well as real-time measurement. Graphene quantum dots (GQDs) and carbon QDs (CQDs) are considered some of the most promising carbon-based nanomaterials at the forefront of this research area. This is due to their characteristics including lower toxicity, higher solubility in various solvents, great electronic features, strong chemical inertness, high specific surface areas, plenty of edge sites for functionalization, and versatility, in addition to their ability to be modified via absorbent surface chemicals and the addition of modifiers or nano-materials. Hence in the present review, the synthesis methods of GQDs and CQDs has been summarized and their characterization methods also been analyzed. The applications of carbon-based QDs (GQDs and CQDs) in biological and sensing areas, such as biological imaging, drug/gene delivery, antibacterial and antioxidant activity, photoluminescence sensors, electrochemiluminescence sensors and electrochemical sensors, have also been discussed. This study then covers sensing features of key neurotransmitters, including dopamine, tyrosine, epinephrine, norepinephrine, serotonin and acetylcholine. Hence, issues and challenges of the GQDs and CQDs were analyzed for their further development. Carbon and graphene quantum dots for biological and sensing applications of neurotransmitters.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Somayeh Tajik
- Research Center for Tropical and Infectious Diseases
- Kerman University of Medical Sciences
- Kerman
- Iran
| | - Zahra Dourandish
- Environment Department
- Institute of Science and High Technology and Environmental Sciences
- Graduate University of Advanced Technology
- Kerman
- Iran
| | - Kaiqiang Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- Research Institute of Advanced Materials
- Seoul National University
- Seoul 08826
- Republic of Korea
| | - Hadi Beitollahi
- Environment Department
- Institute of Science and High Technology and Environmental Sciences
- Graduate University of Advanced Technology
- Kerman
- Iran
| | - Quyet Van Le
- Institute of Research and Development
- Duy Tan University
- Da Nang 550000
- Vietnam
| | - Ho Won Jang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- Research Institute of Advanced Materials
- Seoul National University
- Seoul 08826
- Republic of Korea
| | - Mohammadreza Shokouhimehr
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- Research Institute of Advanced Materials
- Seoul National University
- Seoul 08826
- Republic of Korea
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27
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Samanta P, Kapat K, Maiti S, Biswas G, Dhara S, Dhara D. pH-labile and photochemically cross-linkable polymer vesicles from coumarin based random copolymer for cancer therapy. J Colloid Interface Sci 2019; 555:132-144. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2019.07.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Revised: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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