1
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Wang T, Huang R, Chen HL, Xu KM, Wu LG, Chen KP, Wu JC. Comparative study of reactive oxygen species and tetracycline degradation pathways in catalytic peroxodisulfate activation by asymmetric mesoporous TiO 2 and the corresponding controlled-release materials. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 348:123813. [PMID: 38537801 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
The removal of trace amounts of antibiotics from water environments while simultaneously avoiding potential environmental hazards during the treatment is still a challenge. In this work, green, harmless, and novel asymmetric mesoporous TiO2 (A-mTiO2) was combined with peroxodisulfate (PDS) as active components in a controlled-release material (CRM) system for the degradation of tetracycline (TC) in the dark. The formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the degradation pathways of TC during catalytic PDS activation by A-mTiO2 powder catalysts and the CRMs were thoroughly studied. Due to its asymmetric mesoporous structure, there were abundant Ti3+/Ti4+ couples and oxygen vacancies in A-mTiO2, resulting in excellent activity in the activation of PDS for TC degradation, with a mineralization rate of 78.6%. In CRMs, ROS could first form during PDS activation by A-mTiO2 and subsequently dissolve from the CRMs to degrade TC in groundwater. Due to the excellent performance and good stability of A-mTiO2, the resulting constructed CRMs could effectively degrade TC in simulated groundwater over a long period (more than 20 days). From electron paramagnetic resonance analysis and TC degradation experiments, it was interesting to find that the ROS formed during PDS activation by A-mTiO2 powder catalysts and CRMs were different, but the degradation pathways for TC were indeed similar in the two systems. In PDS activation by A-mTiO2, besides the free hydroxyl radical (·OH), singlet oxygen (1O2) worked as a major ROS participating in TC degradation. For CRMs, the immobilization of A-mTiO2 inside CRMs made it difficult to capture superoxide radicals (·O2-), and continuously generate 1O2. In addition, the formation of sulfate radicals (·SO4-), and ·OH during the release process of CRMs was consistent with PDS activation by the A-mTiO2 powder catalyst. The eco-friendly CRMs had a promising potential for practical application in the remediation of organic pollutants from groundwater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Rui Huang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Hua-Li Chen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, 310018, China.
| | - Kun-Miao Xu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Li-Guang Wu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Kou-Ping Chen
- School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Ji-Chun Wu
- School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
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2
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Zhang B, Liang P, Zhang X, Wang J, Zhang C, Xiong M, He X. Lattice oxygen activation of MnO 2 by CeO 2 for the improved degradation of bisphenol A in the peroxymonosulfate-based oxidation. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 660:703-715. [PMID: 38271806 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.01.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
The structure of MnO2 was modified by constructing the composites CeO2/ MnO2 via a facile hydrothermal method. The catalytic performance of optimal composite (Mn-Ce10) in peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activation for the degradation of bisphenol A (BPA) is approximately three times higher than that of MnO2 alone. The average valence of manganese in CeO2/MnO2 is lowered compared to MnO2, which induces the generation of more free radicals, such as OH and SO4•-. In addition, the composite exhibits a higher concentration of oxygen vacancies than MnO2, facilitating bondingwith PMS to produce more singlet oxygen (1O2). Moreover, the incorporation of CeO2 activates the lattice oxygen of MnO2, improving its oxidative ability. Consequently, approximately 48% of BPA decomposition in 10min is attributed to direct oxidation in the Mn-Ce10/PMS system, whereas only 36% occurs in 30min for the MnO2/PMS system. Simulation results confirm weakened Mn-O covalency and elongated Mn-O bonds due to the activation of lattice oxygen in CeO2/MnO2, demonstrating that PMS tends to be adsorbed on the composite rather than on MnO2. This work establishes a relationship between lattice oxygen and the degradation pathway, offering a novel approach for the targeted regulation of catalytic oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bolun Zhang
- School of Applied Physics and Materials, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, China
| | - Ping Liang
- School of Applied Physics and Materials, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, China.
| | - Xinxin Zhang
- School of Applied Physics and Materials, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, China
| | - Jie Wang
- School of Applied Physics and Materials, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, China
| | - Chi Zhang
- School of Applied Physics and Materials, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, China
| | - Mo Xiong
- MOE Key Laboratory for Non-Equilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xin He
- School of Applied Physics and Materials, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, China.
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3
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Yang J, Gao Y, Song T, Ye J, Zhao L, Su R. Tetracycline removal using NaIO 4 activated by MnSO 4: Design and optimization via response surface methodology. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2024; 89:1082-1093. [PMID: 38423618 PMCID: wst_2024_047 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2024.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
The appearance of recalcitrant organic pollutants such as antibiotics in water bodies has gained a lot of attention owing to their adverse effects on organisms and humans. The current study aims to develop a novel approach to eliminate antibiotic tetracycline (TC) from a synthetic aqueous solution based on the advanced oxidation process triggered by MnSO4-catalyzed NaIO4. A single-factor experiment was performed to observe the impact of pH, NaIO4 concentration, and MnSO4 dosage on TC decomposition, and a three-factor, three-level response surface experiment with TC removal rate as the dependent variable was designed based on the range of factors determined from the single-factor experiment. The single-factor experiment revealed that the ranges of pH, NaIO4 concentration, and MnSO4 dosage need to be further optimized. ANOVA (analysis of variance) results showed that the data from the response surface experiment were consistent with the quadratic model with high R2 (0.9909), and the predicted values were very close to the actual values. After optimization by response surface methodology, the optimal condition obtained was pH = 6.7, [NaIO4] = 0.39 mM, and [MnSO4] = 0.12 mM, corresponding to a TC removal of 96.56%. This optimization condition was fully considered to save the dosage of the high-priced chemical NaIO4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyi Yang
- College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Liaoning University of Technology, Jinzhou 121001, China E-mail:
| | - Yanjiao Gao
- College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Liaoning University of Technology, Jinzhou 121001, China
| | - Tiehong Song
- Key Laboratory of Songliao Aquatic Environment, Ministry of Education, Jilin Jianzhu University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Jian Ye
- School of Resource, Environment and Safety Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Lihong Zhao
- College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Liaoning University of Technology, Jinzhou 121001, China
| | - Rui Su
- College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Liaoning University of Technology, Jinzhou 121001, China
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4
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Rayaroth MP, Aravind UK, Boczkaj G, Aravindakumar CT. Singlet oxygen in the removal of organic pollutants: An updated review on the degradation pathways based on mass spectrometry and DFT calculations. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 345:140203. [PMID: 37734498 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
The degradation of pollutants by a non-radical pathway involving singlet oxygen (1O2) is highly relevant in advanced oxidation processes. Photosensitizers, modified photocatalysts, and activated persulfates can generate highly selective 1O2 in the medium. The selective reaction of 1O2 with organic pollutants results in the evolution of different intermediate products. While these products can be identified using mass spectrometry (MS) techniques, predicting a proper degradation mechanism in a 1O2-based process is still challenging. Earlier studies utilized MS techniques in the identification of intermediate products and the mechanism was proposed with the support of theoretical calculations. Although some reviews have been reported on the generation of 1O2 and its environmental applications, a proper review of the degradation mechanism by 1O2 is not yet available. Hence, we reviewed the possible degradation pathways of organic contaminants in 1O2-mediated oxidation with the support of density functional theory (DFT). The Fukui function (FF, f-, f+, and f0), HOMO-LUMO energies, and Gibbs free energies obtained using DFT were used to identify the active site in the molecule and the degradation mechanism, respectively. Electrophilic addition, outer sphere type single electron transfer (SET), and addition to the hetero atoms are the key mechanisms involved in the degradation of organic contaminants by 1O2. Since environmental matrices contain several contaminants, it is difficult to experiment with all contaminants to identify their intermediate products. Therefore, the DFT studies are useful for predicting the intermediate compounds during the oxidative removal of the contaminants, especially for complex composition wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoj P Rayaroth
- Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences, 60 Bigelow Dr, East Boothbay, ME, 04544, USA.
| | - Usha K Aravind
- School of Environmental Studies, Cochin University of Science & Technology (CUSAT), Kochi 682022, Kerala, India
| | - Grzegorz Boczkaj
- Gdansk University of Technology, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Department of Sanitary Engineering, 80-233, Gdansk, G. Narutowicza 11/12 Str, Poland; EkoTech Center, Gdansk University of Technology, G. Narutowicza St. 11/12, 80-233 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Charuvila T Aravindakumar
- School of Environmental Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam 686560, Kerala, India; Inter University Instrumentation Centre (IUIC), Mahatma Gandhi University (MGU), Kottayam 686560, Kerala, India.
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5
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Zhang Q, Wang J, Wei Z, Li Y, Li W, Yang X, Wu X. S modified manganese oxide for high efficiency of peroxydisulfate activation: Critical role of S and mechanism. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 328:138563. [PMID: 37028724 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Mn2O3 as a typical Mn based semiconductor has attracted growing attention due to its peculiar 3d electron structure and stability, and the multi-valence Mn on the surface is the key to peroxydisulfate activation. Herein, an octahedral structure of Mn2O3 with (111) exposed facet was synthesized by a hydrothermal method, which was further sulfureted to obtained a variable-valent Mn oxide for the high activation efficiency of peroxydisulfate under the light emitting diode irradiation. The degradation experiments showed that under the irradiation of 420 nm light, S modified manganese oxide showed an excellent removal for tetracycline within 90 min, which is about 40.4% higher than that of pure Mn2O3. In addition, the degradation rate constant k of S modified sample increased 2.17 times. Surface sulfidation not only increased the active sites and oxygen vacancies on the pristine Mn2O3 surface, but also changed the electronic structure of Mn due to the introduce of surface S2-. This modification accelerated the electronic transmission during the degradation process. Meanwhile, the utilization efficiency of photogenerated electrons was greatly improved under light. Besides, the S modified manganese oxide had an excellent reuse performance after four cycles. The scavenging experiments and EPR analyses showed that •OH and 1O2 were the main reactive oxygen species. This study therefore provides a new avenue for further developing manganese-based catalysts towards high activation efficiency for peroxydisulfate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingwen Zhang
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Jinpeng Wang
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Zhenlun Wei
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yubiao Li
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| | - Wanqing Li
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Xu Yang
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Xiaoyong Wu
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China.
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Tan Z, Tan J, Yang Z, Sun W, Guo A, Wang J, Li Y, Lin X. Stable and recyclable FeS-CMC-based peroxydisulfate activation for effective bisphenol A reduction: performance and mechanism. CHEMOSPHERE 2023:139129. [PMID: 37279822 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a novel material, iron sulfide modified by sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (FeS-CMC), was successfully synthetized for peroxydisulfate (PDS) activation to remove bisphenol A (BPA). Characterization results showed that FeS-CMC had more attachment sites for PDS activation due to its higher specific surface area. A stronger negative potential contributed to preventing nanoparticles from reuniting in the reaction and improving the interparticle electrostatic interactions of the materials. Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR) analysis of FeS-CMC suggested that the coordination of the ligand for combining sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) with FeS was monodentate. A total of 98.4% BPA was decomposed by the FeS-CMC/PDS system after 20 min under optimized conditions (pH = 3.60, [FeS-CMC] = 0.05 g/L and [PDS] = 0.88 mM). The isoelectric point (pHpzc) of FeS-CMC is 5.20, and FeS-CMC contributed to reducing BPA under acidic conditions but showed a negative effect under basic conditions. The presence of HCO3-, NO3- and HA inhibited BPA degradation by FeS-CMC/PDS, while excess Cl- accelerated the reaction. FeS-CMC exhibited excellent performance in oxidation resistance with a final removal degree of 95.0%, while FeS was only 20.0%. Furthermore, FeS-CMC showed excellent reusability and still reached 90.2% after triple reusability experiments. The study confirmed that the homogeneous reaction was the primary part of the system. Surface-bound Fe(II) and S (-II) were found to be the major electron donors during activation, and the reduction of S (-II) contributed to the cycle of Fe(III)/Fe(II). Sulfate radicals (SO4•-), hydroxyl radicals (•OH), superoxide radicals (O2•-) and singlet oxygen (1O2) were produced at the surface of FeS-CMC and accelerated the decomposition of BPA. This study offered a theoretical basis for improving the oxidation resistance and reusability of iron-based materials in the presence of advanced oxidation processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijun Tan
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, PR China; College of Natural Resources and Environment, Joint Institute for Environmental Research & Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China
| | - Jiaqu Tan
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, PR China; College of Natural Resources and Environment, Joint Institute for Environmental Research & Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China
| | - Zijiang Yang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, PR China; College of Natural Resources and Environment, Joint Institute for Environmental Research & Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China
| | - Wenxin Sun
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, PR China
| | - Aiying Guo
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, PR China
| | - Jinjin Wang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, PR China; College of Natural Resources and Environment, Joint Institute for Environmental Research & Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China.
| | - Yongtao Li
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, PR China; College of Natural Resources and Environment, Joint Institute for Environmental Research & Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China
| | - Xueming Lin
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural & Rural Pollution Abatement and Environmental Safety, Guangzhou 510642, PR China; College of Natural Resources and Environment, Joint Institute for Environmental Research & Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China.
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7
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Fenton-like oxidation mechanism for simultaneous removal of estriol and ethinyl estradiol by green synthesized Mn3O4 NPs. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.121978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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8
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Mn2O3@Mn5O8 as an efficient catalyst for the degradation of organic contaminants in aqueous media through sulfite activation. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.121717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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9
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Achieving a “all in one” Fe/Tm-MOFs with controllable photothermal and catalytic performance for imaging-guided multi-modal synergetic therapy. J Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 623:124-134. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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10
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Wang B, Wang Y. A comprehensive review on persulfate activation treatment of wastewater. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 831:154906. [PMID: 35364155 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
With increasingly serious environmental pollution and the production of various wastewater, water pollutants have posed a serious threat to human health and the ecological environment. The advanced oxidation process (AOP), represented by the persulfate (PS) oxidation process, has attracted increasing attention because of its economic, practical, safety and stability characteristics, opening up new ideas in the fields of wastewater treatment and environmental protection. However, PS does not easily react with organic pollutants and usually needs to be activated to produce oxidizing active substances such as sulfate radicals (SO4-) and hydroxyl radicals (OH) to degrade them. This paper summarizes the research progress of PS activation methods in the field of wastewater treatment, such as physical activation (e.g., thermal, ultrasonic, hydrodynamic cavitation, electromagnetic radiation activation and discharge plasma), chemical activation (e.g., alkaline, electrochemistry and catalyst) and the combination of the different methods, putting forward the advantages, disadvantages and influencing factors of various activation methods, discussing the possible activation mechanisms, and pointing out future development directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baowei Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, China.
| | - Yu Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, China
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11
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Zhou S, Wang G, Wang D, Chang X, Huang L, Zhao R, Sun X, Li Z. Application and enhancement of mediumpressure ultraviolet activated peroxydisulfate in treating incineration leachate. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.121015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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12
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González-González RB, Rodríguez-Hernández JA, Araújo RG, Sharma P, Parra-Saldívar R, Ramirez-Mendoza RA, Bilal M, Iqbal HMN. Prospecting carbon-based nanomaterials for the treatment and degradation of endocrine-disrupting pollutants. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 297:134172. [PMID: 35248594 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The presence of endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) in water resources has significant negative implications for the environment. Traditional technologies implemented for water treatment are not completely efficient for removing EDCs from water. Therefore, research on sustainable remediation has been mainly directed to novel decontamination approaches including nano-remediation. This emerging technology employs engineered nanomaterials to clean up the environment quickly, efficiently, and sustainably. Thus, nanomaterials have contributed to a wide variety of remediation techniques like adsorption, filtration, coagulation/flocculation, and so on. Among the vast diversity of decontamination technologies catalytic advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) outstand as simple, clean, and efficient alternatives. A vast diversity of catalysts has been developed demonstrating high efficiencies; however, the search for novel catalysts with enhanced performances continues. In this regard, nanomaterials used as nanocatalysts are exhibiting enhanced performances on AOPs due to their special nanostructures and larger specific surface areas. Therefore, in this review we summarize, compare, and discuss the recent advances on nanocatalysts, catalysts doped with metal-based nanomaterials, and catalysts doped with carbon-based nanomaterials on the degradation of EDCs. Finally, further research opportunities are identified and discussed to achieve the real application of nanomaterials to efficiently degrade EDCs from water resources.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rafael G Araújo
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Monterrey, 64849, Mexico
| | - Pooja Sharma
- Department of Environmental Microbiology, School for Environmental Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar (A Central) University, Lucknow, 226 025, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | | | | | - Muhammad Bilal
- School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian, 223003, China
| | - Hafiz M N Iqbal
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Monterrey, 64849, Mexico.
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13
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Gan P, Zhang Z, Hu Y, Li Y, Ye J, Tong M, Liang J. Insight into the role of Fe in the synergetic effect of persulfate/sulfite and Fe 2O 3@g-C 3N 4 for carbamazepine degradation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 819:152787. [PMID: 34990657 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In this work, the role of Fe in the synergetic effect of persulfate/sulfite and Fe2O3@g-C3N4 (FCN) for carbamazepine (CBZ) degradation was studied. Unexpectedly, Fe2O3 in FCN plays very different roles for sulfite [S(IV)] and persulfate (PS) activation. Specifically, since photo-generated holes (h+) can transform S(IV) into SO4-, and photo-generated electrons (e-) can accelerate Fe(III) reduction which promotes transition metal based S(IV) activation, a synergetic effect of photocatalysis and Fe is observed in FCN/S(IV)/vis system. In contrast, in FCN/PS/vis system, both Fe(III)/Fe(II) cycle and PS activation compete for e-. Since PS is a stronger electron acceptor, Fe(III) reduction by e- is limited. Therefore, the contribution of Fe2O3 in FCN/S(IV)/vis system is 3 times higher than that in FCN/PS/vis system. Initial pH affects CBZ removal by changing surface charge of catalysts and oxidants species, while the effect varies for different catalysts and oxidants. This study provides new insight into the synergetic effect of photocatalysis and transition metal for SO4- generation, which contributes to catalyst design for environmental application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Gan
- Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China; Chengdu Surveying Geotechnical Research Institute Co., Ltd. of MCC, Sichuan 610023, PR China
| | - Zihang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China
| | - Yating Hu
- Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China
| | - Yunyi Li
- Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China
| | - Jiangyu Ye
- Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China
| | - Meiping Tong
- The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China
| | - Jialiang Liang
- Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China.
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14
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Developing the large-area manganese-based catalytic ceramic membrane for peroxymonosulfate activation: Applications in degradation of endocrine disrupting compounds in drinking water. J Memb Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2022.120602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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15
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Xu C, Yang G, Li J, Zhang S, Fang Y, Peng F, Zhang S, Qiu R. Efficient purification of tetracycline wastewater by activated persulfate with heterogeneous Co-V bimetallic oxides. J Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 619:188-197. [PMID: 35395537 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.03.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The persistence and wide dispersion of antibiotics have a severe impact on the ecological environment. Developing an effective method with universal applicability to remove pollutants is pretty necessary. Herein, a bimetallic oxides (Co3V2O8) heterogeneous material was successfully prepared and used to activate the persulfate (PS) for purification of tetracycline (TC) wastewater. By exploring the reaction conditions and influencing factors, the removal rate of 50 mg⋅L-1 TC reached 87.1% by Co3V2O8/PS system, and the reaction rate constant was up to 0.0271 min-1. As a highly efficient catalyst for the activation of PS, Co3V2O8/PS system produces radicals of SO4•-, •OH, •O2- and 1O2 in the reaction process due to the Co(II) and V(IV) exchange electrons with S2O82- and O2. Simultaneously, the internal electron exchange occurs between Co(II)/Co(III) and V(IV)/V(V), which stabilizes the content of Co(II) and V(IV). This work provides a novel activator for PS activation to degrade contaminants and contributes to a better understanding of the PS activation mechanism by transition compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanyi Xu
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Guanrong Yang
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Jie Li
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Shanqing Zhang
- Centre for Clean Environment and Energy and School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD 4222, Australia
| | - Yueping Fang
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Feng Peng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Shengsen Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Rongliang Qiu
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
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16
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Tang X, Yu C, Lei Y, Wang Z, Wang C, Wang J. A novel chitosan-urea encapsulated material for persulfate slow-release to degrade organic pollutants. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 426:128083. [PMID: 34923382 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.128083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
A novel eco-friendly material (CS-U@PS) for persulfate slow-release to effectively degrade organic pollutants (methyl orange and pyrene) was synthesized using chitosan and urea as the encapsulated framework materials via an emulsion cross-linking method for the first time. The obtained CS-U@PS exhibits spherical shapes with a uniform size of approximately 2-3 µm according to the particle-size distribution and SEM image results. The slow-release mechanism was proposed through a kinetics model study and the Ritger-Peppas model fit well (r2 = 0.9699) to indicate that the slow-release process is non-Fickian diffusion. The influences of urea and PS dosages and oxidative conditions on methyl orange degradation were studied, and all the results suggested that urea played an important role in PS slow-release and can also catalyze the activation of PS by iron to further produce radicals and improve the removal efficiency of pollutants. A pyrene removal rate of 90.53% was achieved in aqueous solutions and an above 80% removal rate was obtained in weakly acidic or neutral soil environments by CS-U@PS activated by Fe2+ with citric acid as the chelating agent. Therefore, the fabricated slow-release oxidation materials exhibit application potential for the remediation of organic polluted groundwater and soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejiao Tang
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Urban Environmental Pollution Diagnosis and Remediation Technology Engineering Center, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, PR China.
| | - Congya Yu
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Urban Environmental Pollution Diagnosis and Remediation Technology Engineering Center, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, PR China
| | - Yuanyuan Lei
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Urban Environmental Pollution Diagnosis and Remediation Technology Engineering Center, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, PR China
| | - Zhen Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, PR China
| | - Cuiping Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Urban Environmental Pollution Diagnosis and Remediation Technology Engineering Center, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, PR China
| | - Jingang Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, PR China.
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17
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Pang H, Liu L, Bai Z, Chen R, Tang H, Cai Y, Yu S, Hu B, Wang X. Fabrication of sulfide nanoscale zero-valent iron and heterogeneous Fenton-like degradation of 2,4-Dichlorophenol. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2021.120408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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18
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Wen Y, Huang CH, Ashley DC, Meyerstein D, Dionysiou DD, Sharma VK, Ma X. Visible Light-Induced Catalyst-Free Activation of Peroxydisulfate: Pollutant-Dependent Production of Reactive Species. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:2626-2636. [PMID: 35119268 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c06696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Activation of peroxydisulfate (PDS, S2O82-) via various catalysts to degrade pollutants in water has been extensively investigated. However, catalyst-free activation of PDS by visible light has been largely ignored. This paper reports effective visible light activation of PDS without any additional catalyst, leading to the degradation of a wide range of organic compounds of high environmental and human health concerns. Importantly, the formation of reactive species is distinctively different in the PDS visible light system with and without pollutants [e.g., atrazine (ATZ)]. In addition to SO4•- generated via S2O82- dissociation under visible light irradiation, O2•- and 1O2 are also produced in both systems. However, in the absence of ATZ, H2O2 and O2•- are key intermediates and precursors for 1O2, whereas in the presence of ATZ, a different pathway was followed to produce O2•- and 1O2. Both radical and nonradical processes contribute to the degradation of ATZ in the PDS visible light system. The active role of 1O2 in the degradation of ATZ besides SO4•- is manifested by the enhanced degradation of contaminants and electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy measurements in D2O.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinghao Wen
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Ching-Hua Huang
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Daniel C Ashley
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Spelman College, Atlanta, Georgia 30314, United States
| | - Dan Meyerstein
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel 40700, United States
| | - Dionysios D Dionysiou
- Environmental Engineering and Science Program, Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, 705 Engineering Research Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, United States
| | - Virender K Sharma
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Xingmao Ma
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
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19
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Özcan S, Yıldırım D, Çıldıroğlu HÖ, Polat M, Hamaloğlu KÖ, Tosun RB, Kip Ç, Tuncel A. Monodisperse-porous Mn 5O 8 microspheres as an efficient catalyst for fast degradation of organic pollutants via peroxymonosulfate activation. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj00778a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Monodisperse-porous Mn5O8 microspheres with multiple oxidation states were used as a highly stable, efficient heterogeneous catalyst for the fast degradation of organic pollutants via peroxymonosulfate activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sinem Özcan
- Chemical Enginering Department, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Duygu Yıldırım
- Chemical Enginering Department, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | - Mustafa Polat
- Department of Physics Engineering, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | | | - Çiğdem Kip
- Chemical Enginering Department, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ali Tuncel
- Chemical Enginering Department, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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20
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Qin Y, Li X, Wang L, Luo J, Li Y, Yao C, Xiao Z, Zhai S, An Q. Valuable cobalt/biochar with enriched surface oxygen-containing groups prepared from bio-waste shrimp shell for efficient peroxymonosulfate activation. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2021.119901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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21
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Li X, Ye Z, Liao F, Xie S, Ye L, Wang Y, Wang Y, Huang J, Liu Y. Degradation of Aqueous Quinoline Using Persulfate Activated by
γ
‐Fe
2
O
3
@Carbon Composites and Enhanced by UV Irradiation. ChemistrySelect 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202102770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojuan Li
- Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Rural Waste Recycling Technology College of Environment & Safety Engineering Fuzhou University Fuzhou 350116 China
| | - Ziyu Ye
- Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Rural Waste Recycling Technology College of Environment & Safety Engineering Fuzhou University Fuzhou 350116 China
| | - Fengzhen Liao
- Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Rural Waste Recycling Technology College of Environment & Safety Engineering Fuzhou University Fuzhou 350116 China
| | - Shuhan Xie
- Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Rural Waste Recycling Technology College of Environment & Safety Engineering Fuzhou University Fuzhou 350116 China
| | - Lanmei Ye
- Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Rural Waste Recycling Technology College of Environment & Safety Engineering Fuzhou University Fuzhou 350116 China
| | - Yongjing Wang
- Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Rural Waste Recycling Technology College of Environment & Safety Engineering Fuzhou University Fuzhou 350116 China
| | - Yonghao Wang
- Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Rural Waste Recycling Technology College of Environment & Safety Engineering Fuzhou University Fuzhou 350116 China
| | - Jian Huang
- Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Rural Waste Recycling Technology College of Environment & Safety Engineering Fuzhou University Fuzhou 350116 China
| | - Yifan Liu
- Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Rural Waste Recycling Technology College of Environment & Safety Engineering Fuzhou University Fuzhou 350116 China
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22
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Oyekunle DT, Cai J, Gendy EA, Chen Z. Impact of chloride ions on activated persulfates based advanced oxidation process (AOPs): A mini review. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 280:130949. [PMID: 34162111 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Chloride ion (Cl-) is ever-present in aquatic environments. Different Cl- concentration have been reported in industrial water (760 mM), surface water (<21 mM), seawater (540 mM) and groundwater (<21 mM) which could potentially accumulate into large concentrations in the sea. This mini-review examines more than 200 studies and found that Cl- ions can react with strong oxidants (SO4•-, •OH, and HSO5-) generated from persulfate activation, inducing the formation of chlorine radicals, that can either (1) directly react with organics or (2) generate chlorine radicals that can participate in the conversion of the organic substrate. Although the impact of chloride radicals have been identified as either negligible, positive, or negative (inhibitive) at different Cl- concentrations, only a few studies have considered the possible generation of chlorinated by-products. Another essential detail that is often neglected is the mutagenicity and toxicity of these products, as only a few studies have reported on the biotoxicity, AOX (adsorbable organic halogen) and the degree of mineralization of Cl- containing persulfate activated AOPs (Advanced Oxidation Process). Future studies need to consider the chemical analysis of the degradation products as well as the mutagenicity, toxicity and the biological effects pre and post-oxidation process. This evaluation will address several key issues including the properties, occurrence, and toxicity of the chlorinated products, which can significantly benefit its application in a large-scale environmental application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel T Oyekunle
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, PR China; Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Covenant University, Ota, 112233, Nigeria.
| | - Jiayi Cai
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, PR China
| | - Eman A Gendy
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, PR China
| | - Zhuqi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, PR China.
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23
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Jia D, Hanna K, Mailhot G, Brigante M. A Review of Manganese(III) (Oxyhydr)Oxides Use in Advanced Oxidation Processes. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26195748. [PMID: 34641291 PMCID: PMC8510277 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26195748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The key role of trivalent manganese (Mn(III)) species in promoting sulfate radical-based advanced oxidation processes (SR-AOPs) has recently attracted increasing attention. This review provides a comprehensive summary of Mn(III) (oxyhydr)oxide-based catalysts used to activate peroxymonosulfate (PMS) and peroxydisulfate (PDS) in water. The crystal structures of different Mn(III) (oxyhydr)oxides (such as α-Mn2O3, γ-MnOOH, and Mn3O4) are first introduced. Then the impact of the catalyst structure and composition on the activation mechanisms are discussed, as well as the effects of solution pH and inorganic ions. In the Mn(III) (oxyhydr)oxide activated SR-AOPs systems, the activation mechanisms of PMS and PDS are different. For example, both radical (such as sulfate and hydroxyl radical) and non-radical (singlet oxygen) were generated by Mn(III) (oxyhydr)oxide activated PMS. In comparison, the activation of PDS by α-Mn2O3 and γ-MnOOH preferred to form the singlet oxygen and catalyst surface activated complex to remove the organic pollutants. Finally, research gaps are discussed to suggest future directions in context of applying radical-based advanced oxidation in wastewater treatment processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daqing Jia
- Institut de Chimie de Clermont-Ferrand, Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, Clermont Auvergne INP SIGMA Clermont, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (D.J.); (G.M.)
| | - Khalil Hanna
- École Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes, Université Rennes, CNRS, ISCR–UMR6226, F-35000 Rennes, France;
- Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), MESRI, 1 rue Descartes, 75231 Paris, France
| | - Gilles Mailhot
- Institut de Chimie de Clermont-Ferrand, Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, Clermont Auvergne INP SIGMA Clermont, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (D.J.); (G.M.)
| | - Marcello Brigante
- Institut de Chimie de Clermont-Ferrand, Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, Clermont Auvergne INP SIGMA Clermont, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (D.J.); (G.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-047-340-5514
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24
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Khan A, Zhang K, Taraqqi-A-Kamal A, Wang X, Chen Y, Zhang Y. Degradation of antibiotics in aqueous media using manganese nanocatalyst-activated peroxymonosulfate. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 599:805-818. [PMID: 33989933 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.04.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
ε-MnO2 effectively activates peroxymonosulfate (PMS) for the efficient degradation of emerging pollutants. ε-MnO2 was synthesized by a facile thermal-treatment method and its long-term stability and efficiency for the elimination of emerging pollutants, including sulfamethoxazole (SMX), sulfachloropyridazine (SCP), sulfamethazine (SMT), ciprofloxacin (CIP), and azithromycin (AZI), from aqueous media were evaluated. ε-MnO2 was found to activate PMS more efficiently than α-MnO2, β-MnO2, or δ-MnO2, owing to its high - OH-group content, unique structure, and high surface area. Sulfate (SO4•-), hydroxyl (•OH), and superoxide (O2•-) radicals, as well as singlet oxygen (1O2) were generated, with O2•- acting as the 1O2 precursor. The ε-MnO2/PMS system proved to be effective in the pH range of 3.5-9.0 and the rate of SMX degradation was not significantly affected by the presence of inorganic anions or natural organic matter. The proposed pathway for the activation of PMS by ε-MnO2 includes inner-sphere interactions between ε-MnO2 and PMS, and electron transfer to PMS via the MnIII ↔ MnIV redox cycle, which generates reactive oxygen species. These findings provide new insight into PMS activation by less-toxic metal oxides as catalysts and demonstrate that Mn-based materials can be used to effectively treat water matrices containing emerging pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aimal Khan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Kaikai Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - A Taraqqi-A-Kamal
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Xiaoguang Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Yong Chen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Yanrong Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, PR China.
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