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Zhang H, Zhang Z, Guo T, Chen G, Liu G, Song Q, Li G, Xu F, Dong X, Yang F, Cao C, Zhong D, Li S, Li Y, Wang M, Li B, Yang L. Annexin A protein family: Focusing on the occurrence, progression and treatment of cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1141331. [PMID: 36936694 PMCID: PMC10020606 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1141331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The annexin A (ANXA) protein family is a well-known tissue-specific multigene family that encodes Ca2+ phospholipid-binding proteins. A considerable amount of literature is available on the abnormal expression of ANXA proteins in various malignant diseases, including cancer, atherosclerosis and diabetes. As critical regulatory molecules in cancer, ANXA proteins play an essential role in cancer progression, proliferation, invasion and metastasis. Recent studies about their structure, biological properties and functions in different types of cancers are briefly summarised in this review. We further discuss the use of ANXA as new class of targets in the clinical diagnosis and treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huhu Zhang
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Basic Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Basic Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Tingting Guo
- Health Science Center, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Guang Chen
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Basic Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Guoxiang Liu
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Basic Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Qinghang Song
- Health Science Center, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Guichun Li
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The People’s Hospital of Zhaoyuan City, Yantai, China
| | - Fenghua Xu
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Basic Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaolei Dong
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Basic Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Fanghao Yang
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Basic Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Can Cao
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Basic Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Di Zhong
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Basic Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Shuang Li
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Basic Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Ya Li
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Basic Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Mengjun Wang
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Basic Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Bing Li
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Basic Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- *Correspondence: Lina Yang, ; Bing Li,
| | - Lina Yang
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Basic Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- *Correspondence: Lina Yang, ; Bing Li,
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Prieto-Fernández L, Menéndez ST, Otero-Rosales M, Montoro-Jiménez I, Hermida-Prado F, García-Pedrero JM, Álvarez-Teijeiro S. Pathobiological functions and clinical implications of annexin dysregulation in human cancers. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:1009908. [PMID: 36247003 PMCID: PMC9554710 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.1009908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Annexins are an extensive superfamily of structurally related calcium- and phospholipid-binding proteins, largely conserved and widely distributed among species. Twelve human annexins have been identified, referred to as Annexin A1-13 (A12 remains as of yet unassigned), whose genes are spread throughout the genome on eight different chromosomes. According to their distinct tissue distribution and subcellular localization, annexins have been functionally implicated in a variety of biological processes relevant to both physiological and pathological conditions. Dysregulation of annexin expression patterns and functions has been revealed as a common feature in multiple cancers, thereby emerging as potential biomarkers and molecular targets for clinical application. Nevertheless, translation of this knowledge to the clinic requires in-depth functional and mechanistic characterization of dysregulated annexins for each individual cancer type, since each protein exhibits varying expression levels and phenotypic specificity depending on the tumor types. This review specifically and thoroughly examines the current knowledge on annexin dysfunctions in carcinogenesis. Hence, available data on expression levels, mechanism of action and pathophysiological effects of Annexin A1-13 among different cancers will be dissected, also further discussing future perspectives for potential applications as biomarkers for early diagnosis, prognosis and molecular-targeted therapies. Special attention is devoted to head and neck cancers (HNC), a complex and heterogeneous group of aggressive malignancies, often lately diagnosed, with high mortality, and scarce therapeutic options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Llara Prieto-Fernández
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Instituto Universitario de Oncología Del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA), University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
- CIBERONC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sofía T. Menéndez
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Instituto Universitario de Oncología Del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA), University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
- CIBERONC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Otero-Rosales
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Instituto Universitario de Oncología Del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA), University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Irene Montoro-Jiménez
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Instituto Universitario de Oncología Del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA), University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
- CIBERONC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Hermida-Prado
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Instituto Universitario de Oncología Del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA), University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
- CIBERONC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juana M. García-Pedrero
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Instituto Universitario de Oncología Del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA), University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
- CIBERONC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- *Correspondence: Juana M. García-Pedrero, ; Saúl Álvarez-Teijeiro,
| | - Saúl Álvarez-Teijeiro
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Instituto Universitario de Oncología Del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA), University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
- CIBERONC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- *Correspondence: Juana M. García-Pedrero, ; Saúl Álvarez-Teijeiro,
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Rachamalla HK, Voshavar C, Arjunan P, Mahalingam G, Chowath RP, Banerjee R, Vemula PK, Marepally S. Skin-Permeable Nano-Lithocholic Lipidoid Efficiently Alleviates Psoriasis-like Chronic Skin Inflammations. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:14859-14870. [PMID: 35347979 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c19180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Long-term application of topical therapeutics for psoriasis has a plethora of side effects. Additionally, skin-permeating agents used in their formulations for deeper dermal delivery damage the skin. To address these limitations, we developed novel lithocholic acid analogues that could form lipid nanoparticles (nano-LCs) spontaneously in the aqueous milieu, permeate through the skin, penetrate the deeper dermal layers, and exert anti-inflammatory effects against psoriasis-like chronic skin inflammations. Prior findings demonstrated that lithocholic acid acts as a vitamin D receptor agonist without affecting the Ca+2 metabolism and also as an antagonist for ephrin type-A receptor 2 (EphA2). Taking cues from the previous findings, lithocholic acid derivatives with twin alkyl chains (LC6, LC8, LC10, and LC-12) were synthesized, nanoparticles (nano-LCs) were prepared, and they were evaluated for their skin permeability and anti-inflammatory properties. Among these nano-LCs, nano-LC10 demonstrated superior anti-inflammatory properties and inhibition of keratinocyte proliferation in various cell-based evaluations. Furthermore, the therapeutic efficiency of nano-LC10 was evaluated in an imiquimod-induced psoriasis-like mouse model and demonstrated comparable efficiency with the standard topical formulation, Sorvate, in reducing skin inflammations. Nano-LC10 also reduced systemic inflammation, organ toxicity, and also proinflammatory serum cytokine levels. Overall, nano-lithocholic lipidoid (nano-LC10) can be a potential novel class of therapeutics for topical application in treating psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chandrashekhar Voshavar
- College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, Florida 32307, United States
| | - Porkizhi Arjunan
- Centre for Stem Cell Research (CSCR) (a Unit of InStem, Bengaluru), CMC Campus, Bagayam, Vellore, Tamil Nadu 632002, India
- Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 76793, India
| | - Gokulnath Mahalingam
- Centre for Stem Cell Research (CSCR) (a Unit of InStem, Bengaluru), CMC Campus, Bagayam, Vellore, Tamil Nadu 632002, India
| | - Rashmi Praksash Chowath
- Centre for Stem Cell Research (CSCR) (a Unit of InStem, Bengaluru), CMC Campus, Bagayam, Vellore, Tamil Nadu 632002, India
| | - Rajkumar Banerjee
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 506007, India
| | - Praveen Kumar Vemula
- Institute for Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine (inStem), UAS-GKVK Campus, Bellary Road, Bengaluru 560065, India
| | - Srujan Marepally
- Centre for Stem Cell Research (CSCR) (a Unit of InStem, Bengaluru), CMC Campus, Bagayam, Vellore, Tamil Nadu 632002, India
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Wang M, Zhao J, Jiang H, Wang X. Tumor-targeted nano-delivery system of therapeutic RNA. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2022; 9:1111-1140. [PMID: 35134106 DOI: 10.1039/d1mh01969d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The birth of RNAi technology has pioneered actionability at the molecular level. Compared to DNA, RNA is less stable and therefore requires more demanding delivery vehicles. With their flexible size, shape, structure, and accessible surface modification, non-viral vectors show great promise for application in RNA delivery. Different non-viral vectors have different ways of binding to RNA. Low immunotoxicity gives RNA significant advantages in tumor treatment. However, the delivery of RNA still has many limitations in vivo. This manuscript summarizes the size-targeting dependence of different organs, followed by a summary of nanovesicles currently in or undergoing clinical trials. It also reviews all RNA delivery systems involved in the current study, including natural, bionic, organic, and inorganic systems. It summarizes the advantages and disadvantages of different delivery methods, which will be helpful for future RNA vehicle design. It is hoped that this will be helpful for gene therapy of clinical tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maonan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics (Chien-Shiung Wu Lab), School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China.
| | - Jingzhou Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics (Chien-Shiung Wu Lab), School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China.
| | - Hui Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics (Chien-Shiung Wu Lab), School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China.
| | - Xuemei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics (Chien-Shiung Wu Lab), School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China.
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Mahalingam G, Rachamalla HK, Arjunan P, Periyasami Y, M S, Thangavel S, Mohankumar KM, Moorthy M, Velayudhan SR, Srivastava A, Marepally S. Optimization of SARS-CoV-2 Pseudovirion Production in Lentivirus Backbone With a Novel Liposomal System. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:840727. [PMID: 35401169 PMCID: PMC8990231 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.840727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to the fast mutating nature of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the development of novel therapeutics, vaccines, and evaluating the efficacies of existing one’s against the mutated strains is critical for containing the virus. Pseudotyped SARS-CoV-2 viruses are proven to be instrumental in evaluating the efficiencies of therapeutics, owing to their ease in application and safety when compared to handling the live virus. However, a comprehensive protocol that includes selecting transfection reagents, validating different packaging systems for high-throughput screening of neutralizing antibodies, is still a requisite. To this end, we designed and synthesized amide linker-based cationic lipids with varying hydrophilic head groups from dimethyl (Lipo-DME) to methyl, ethylhydroxyl (Lipo-MeOH), and diethylhydroxyl (Lipo-DOH) keeping the hydrophobic tail, stearic acid, as constant. Among the liposomal formulations of these lipids, Lipo-DOH was found to be superior in delivering plasmids and demonstrated comparable transfection efficiencies with commercial standard Lipofectamine 3000. We further used Lipo-DOH for lentivirus and SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirion preparation. For comparing different lentivirus packaging systems, we optimized conditions using Addgene and BEI systems and found that the BEI lenti plasmid system was found to be efficient in making lentiviruses using Lipo-DOH. Using the optimized transfection reagent and the lentivirus system, we developed a robust protocol for the generation of SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirions and characterized their infectivity in human ACE2 expressing HEK-293T cells and neutralizing properties in IgG against spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 positive human sera from individuals recovered from COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gokulnath Mahalingam
- Centre for Stem Cell Research (CSCR) (a Unit of InStem, Bengaluru), CMC Campus, Vellore, India
| | | | - Porkizhi Arjunan
- Centre for Stem Cell Research (CSCR) (a Unit of InStem, Bengaluru), CMC Campus, Vellore, India
| | - Yogapriya Periyasami
- Centre for Stem Cell Research (CSCR) (a Unit of InStem, Bengaluru), CMC Campus, Vellore, India
| | - Salma M
- Centre for Stem Cell Research (CSCR) (a Unit of InStem, Bengaluru), CMC Campus, Vellore, India
| | | | | | - Mahesh Moorthy
- Department of Clinical Virology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India
| | - Shaji R. Velayudhan
- Centre for Stem Cell Research (CSCR) (a Unit of InStem, Bengaluru), CMC Campus, Vellore, India
| | - Alok Srivastava
- Centre for Stem Cell Research (CSCR) (a Unit of InStem, Bengaluru), CMC Campus, Vellore, India
| | - Srujan Marepally
- Centre for Stem Cell Research (CSCR) (a Unit of InStem, Bengaluru), CMC Campus, Vellore, India
- *Correspondence: Srujan Marepally,
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6
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Zhang Y, Du T, Chen X. ANXA2P2: A Potential Immunological and Prognostic Signature in Ovarian Serous Cystadenocarcinoma via Pan-Carcinoma Synthesis. Front Oncol 2022; 12:818977. [PMID: 35211410 PMCID: PMC8860902 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.818977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Although the effect of pseudogene ANXA2P2 on some tumors has been reported in a few literatures, the therapeutic potential and prognostic value of ANXA2P2 in ovarian serous cystadenocarcinoma (OV) have not been elucidated. Methods The correlation for ANXA2P2 expression patterns to prognostic characteristics, tumor immune microenvironment, immune cell infiltration level, tumor mutation burden (TMB), tumor microsatellite instability (MSI), drug sensitivity, and pathway function enrichment were investigated in pan-carcinoma via TCGA and GTEx databases. Subsequently, the role of ANXA2P2 expression levels in the pathway enrichments and prognosis prediction in OV were further explored using weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA) analysis, gene mutation analysis, and risk-independent prognostic analysis. Results ANXA2P2 was frequently overexpressed in a variety of tumors compared with normal tissues. The correlation analysis for prognostic characteristics, tumor immune microenvironment, immune cell infiltration level, TMB, MSI, drug sensitivity, and pathway function enrichment revealed that ANXA2P2 expression patterns might deal a significant impact on the pathogenesis, development, and prognosis of various tumors. Then, GSVA, GSEA, WGCNA, gene mutation, and independent prognostic analysis for OV have indicated that high expression in ANXA2P2 could be mostly enriched in TNF-α signaling-via-NF-κB, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, apical junction, IL-6-JAK STAT3 signaling, etc., which were also proved to act as crucial factors on tumorigenesis, development, invasion, and metastasis. The mutation of TP53 (94%), TTN (24%), and CSMD3 (9%) in the biological process of tumor had been confirmed by relevant studies. Finally, the independent prognostic analysis demonstrated that ANXA2P2 expression in OV contributes greatly to the dependability of 3- and 5-year survival prediction. Conclusion In summary, our findings might provide a helpful foundation for prospective explorative researches, afford new strategies for the clinical treatment, deal prognosis prediction, and give new hope for OV patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanna Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ting Du
- Noncoding RNA and Drug Discovery Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiancheng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Rajagopal K, Arjunan P, Marepally S, Madhuri V. Controlled Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells into Hyaline Cartilage in miR-140-Activated Collagen Hydrogel. Cartilage 2021; 13:571S-581S. [PMID: 34581616 PMCID: PMC8804822 DOI: 10.1177/19476035211047627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Hypertrophic cartilage formation is a major setback in mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)-mediated cartilage repair, and overcoming it requires optimization of differentiation. Here, we tested the miR-140 activated collagen hydrogel for the chondrogenic differentiation of MSCs and to produce hyaline cartilage. METHODS Bone marrow MSCs isolated from 3 patients were pretreated with miR-140 and then chondrogenic differentiated. The 3-dimensional (3D) transfection potential of 5 different transfection reagents (Polyethylenimine, Lipofectamine, TransIT-X2, Amide:Cholesterol-based liposomes [AmC] and AmC pegylated with Tocofersolan [AmCTOC]) was compared and the reagent that showed higher green fluorescent protein (GFP) expression was selected. Finally, the collagen hydrogel was activated using miR-140-transfection complex and sustained delivered to MSCs during chondrogenic differentiation. After differentiation, the outcome was assessed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), histology, immunohistochemistry, and compared with scrambled miRNA treated control. RESULTS Pretreatment of MSCs with miR-140 significantly increased the expression of cartilage-specific genes (COL2A1, SOX9, and ACAN) with reduced hypertrophic chondrocyte (COL10A1) marker expression and better safranin-O staining than the control. The AmCTOC liposome showed a significant increase in 3D transfection of GFP expressing plasmid than the others. Furthermore, the knockdown of GAPDH using siRNA in HEK cells and expression of GFP mRNA in human bone marrow MSCs confirmed the 3D-transfection efficiency of AmCTOC. The sustained delivery of miR-140 using activated matrix formed a hyaline cartilage-like tissue with minimal COL10A1 expression in RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry. CONCLUSION Our results demonstrated the therapeutic potential of miR-140-activated hydrogel for MSCs-based cartilage tissue engineering, which could also be used for endogenous stem cells-mediated cartilage repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karthikeyan Rajagopal
- Department of Paediatric
Orthopaedics, Centre for Stem Cell Research, Christian Medical College,
Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India,Department of Paed ortho and
Centre for stem cell research are two different departments in Christian
medical college, Vellore
| | - Porkizhi Arjunan
- Laboratory of Nanobioscience and
Nanobiotechnology, Centre for Stem Cell Research, Christian Medical College,
Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Srujan Marepally
- Laboratory of Nanobioscience and
Nanobiotechnology, Centre for Stem Cell Research, Christian Medical College,
Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Vrisha Madhuri
- Department of Paediatric
Orthopaedics, Centre for Stem Cell Research, Christian Medical College,
Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India,Department of Paed ortho and
Centre for stem cell research are two different departments in Christian
medical college, Vellore,Vrisha Madhuri, Department of
Paediatric Orthopaedics, Christian Medical College, First floor, Paul
Brand Building, Vellore, Tamil Nadu 632004, India.
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8
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Cholesterol Sequestration from Caveolae/Lipid Rafts Enhances Cationic Liposome-Mediated Nucleic Acid Delivery into Endothelial Cells. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26154626. [PMID: 34361779 PMCID: PMC8346983 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26154626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Delivering nucleic acids into the endothelium has great potential in treating vascular diseases. However, endothelial cells, which line the vasculature, are considered as sensitive in nature and hard to transfect. Low transfection efficacies in endothelial cells limit their potential therapeutic applications. Towards improving the transfection efficiency, we made an effort to understand the internalization of lipoplexes into the cells, which is the first and most critical step in nucleic acid transfections. In this study, we demonstrated that the transient modulation of caveolae/lipid rafts mediated endocytosis with the cholesterol-sequestrating agents, nystatin, filipin III, and siRNA against Cav-1, which significantly increased the transfection properties of cationic lipid-(2-hydroxy-N-methyl-N,N-bis(2-tetradecanamidoethyl)ethanaminium chloride), namely, amide liposomes in combination with 1,2-Dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine (DOPE) (AD Liposomes) in liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (SK-Hep1). In particular, nystatin was found to be highly effective with 2–3-fold enhanced transfection efficacy when compared with amide liposomes in combination with Cholesterol (AC), by switching lipoplex internalization predominantly through clathrin-mediated endocytosis and macropinocytosis.
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Antimisiaris S, Marazioti A, Kannavou M, Natsaridis E, Gkartziou F, Kogkos G, Mourtas S. Overcoming barriers by local drug delivery with liposomes. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 174:53-86. [PMID: 33539852 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Localized or topical administration of drugs may be considered as a potential approach for overcoming the problems caused by the various biological barriers encountered in drug delivery. The combination of using localized administration routes and delivering drugs in nanoparticulate formulations, such as liposomes, may have additional advantages. Such advantages include prolonged retention of high drug loads at the site of action and controlled release of the drug, ensuring prolonged therapeutic effect; decreased potential for side-effects and toxicity (due to the high topical concentrations of drugs); and increased protection of drugs from possible harsh environments at the site of action. The use of targeted liposomal formulations may further potentiate any acquired therapeutic advantages. In this review we present the most advanced cases of localized delivery of liposomal formulations of drugs, which have been investigated pre-clinically and clinically in the last ten years, together with the reported therapeutic advantages, in each case.
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10
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Li Z, Yu L, Hu B, Chen L, Jv M, Wang L, Zhou C, Wei M, Zhao L. Advances in cancer treatment: a new therapeutic target, Annexin A2. J Cancer 2021; 12:3587-3596. [PMID: 33995636 PMCID: PMC8120175 DOI: 10.7150/jca.55173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Annexin A2 (ANXA2) is a calcium regulated phospholipid-binding protein. It is expressed in some tumor cells, endothelial cells, macrophages, and mononuclear cells, affecting cell survival and mediating interactions between intercellular and extracellular microenvironment. Aberrant expression of ANXA2 can be used as a potential predictive factor, diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target in cancer therapy. Investigators used various technologies to target ANXA2 in a preclinical model of human cancers and demonstrated encouraging results. In this review article, we discuss the diagnosis and prognosis latent capacity of ANXA2 in progressive cancers, focus on the exploration of restorative interventions targeting ANXA2 in cancer treatment. Further, we comment on a promising candidate therapy that is conceivable for clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zinan Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang City, 110122, Liaoning, China.,Liaoning Engineering Technology Research Center, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang City, 110122, Liaoning, China
| | - Lifeng Yu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang City, 110122, Liaoning, China.,Liaoning Engineering Technology Research Center, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang City, 110122, Liaoning, China
| | - Baohui Hu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang City, 110122, Liaoning, China.,Liaoning Engineering Technology Research Center, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang City, 110122, Liaoning, China
| | - Lianze Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang City, 110122, Liaoning, China.,Liaoning Engineering Technology Research Center, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang City, 110122, Liaoning, China
| | - Mingyi Jv
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang City, 110122, Liaoning, China.,Liaoning Engineering Technology Research Center, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang City, 110122, Liaoning, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang City, 110122, Liaoning, China.,Liaoning Engineering Technology Research Center, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang City, 110122, Liaoning, China
| | - Chenyi Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang City, 110122, Liaoning, China.,Liaoning Engineering Technology Research Center, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang City, 110122, Liaoning, China
| | - Minjie Wei
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang City, 110122, Liaoning, China.,Liaoning Engineering Technology Research Center, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang City, 110122, Liaoning, China.,Liaoning Medical Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Lin Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang City, 110122, Liaoning, China.,Liaoning Engineering Technology Research Center, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang City, 110122, Liaoning, China
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11
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Saito S, Yamamura S, Kohri N, Bai H, Takahashi M, Kawahara M. Requirement for expression of WW domain containing transcription regulator 1 in bovine trophectoderm development. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021; 555:140-146. [PMID: 33813273 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.03.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
WW domain-containing transcription regulator 1 (WWTR1) is one of the primary effectors in the Hippo pathway, which plays essential roles in cell differentiation into trophectoderm (TE) and inner cell mass cell lineages at the blastocyst stage. However, little is known about the roles of WWTR1 in preimplantation development. The present study aimed to explore the significance of WWTR1 expression in preimplantation development using an mRNA knockdown (KD) system in bovine embryos. We first quantitated WWTR1 expression at protein and mRNA levels from fertilization to blastocyst stage. WWTR1 proteins gradually shifted from extranuclear localization during the 16-cell stage to nuclear localization by morula stage. WWTR1 mRNA expression was also transiently upregulated at the 16-cell stage. WWTR1 KD efficiently repressed WWTR1 expression at protein and mRNA levels. The WWTR1 KD embryos developed to the blastocyst stage at rates equivalent to those of controls, but TE cell numbers were significantly decreased. Representative TE-expressed genes, including CDX2 and IFNT were also significantly decreased in WWTR1 KD blastocysts. These results provide the first demonstration that WWTR1 expression is responsible for normal TE cell development in preimplantation embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun Saito
- Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Reproduction, Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Kita 9, Nishi 9, Sapporo, 060-8589, Japan
| | - Shota Yamamura
- Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Reproduction, Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Kita 9, Nishi 9, Sapporo, 060-8589, Japan
| | - Nanami Kohri
- Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Reproduction, Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Kita 9, Nishi 9, Sapporo, 060-8589, Japan
| | - Hanako Bai
- Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Reproduction, Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Kita 9, Nishi 9, Sapporo, 060-8589, Japan
| | - Masashi Takahashi
- Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Reproduction, Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Kita 9, Nishi 9, Sapporo, 060-8589, Japan
| | - Manabu Kawahara
- Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Reproduction, Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Kita 9, Nishi 9, Sapporo, 060-8589, Japan.
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12
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Clinical significance of Annexin A2 expression in oral squamous cell carcinoma and its influence on cell proliferation, migration and invasion. Sci Rep 2021; 11:5033. [PMID: 33658625 PMCID: PMC7930260 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-84675-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common malignant epithelial neoplasm of the head and neck, with poorer prognosis. There is lack of specific targets for diagnosis and treatment of OSCC at present. Annexin A2 (ANXA2) is involved in cell angiogenesis, invasion, proliferation and metastasis. In this study, the significance and effect of ANXA2 on OSCC and OSCC cells were explored from the clinical and basic study. First, ANXA2 expression in OSCC tissues and adjacent non-cancer tissues of 124 patients were detected, and the correlation between ANXA2 expression and clinical parameters were analyzed. The results found that ANXA2 was highly expressed in OSCC tissues, and was associated with the TNM stage, tumor differentiation, lymph node metastasis and poor survival of OSCC patients. The expression of ANXA2 in OSCC cells were higher than the normal oral cells. And knockdown of ANXA2 by transfecting ANXA2-siRNA could suppress the proliferation, migration, and invasion abilities of OSCC cells. Overall, ANXA2 expression is correlated with poor survival of OSCC patients, and silencing of ANXA2 suppress the proliferation, migration and invasion of OSCC cells.
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13
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Duan H, Liu Y, Gao Z, Huang W. Recent advances in drug delivery systems for targeting cancer stem cells. Acta Pharm Sin B 2021; 11:55-70. [PMID: 33532180 PMCID: PMC7838023 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2020.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a subpopulation of cancer cells with functions similar to those of normal stem cells. Although few in number, they are capable of self-renewal, unlimited proliferation, and multi-directional differentiation potential. In addition, CSCs have the ability to escape immune surveillance. Thus, they play an important role in the occurrence and development of tumors, and they are closely related to tumor invasion, metastasis, drug resistance, and recurrence after treatment. Therefore, specific targeting of CSCs may improve the efficiency of cancer therapy. A series of corresponding promising therapeutic strategies based on CSC targeting, such as the targeting of CSC niche, CSC signaling pathways, and CSC mitochondria, are currently under development. Given the rapid progression in this field and nanotechnology, drug delivery systems (DDSs) for CSC targeting are increasingly being developed. In this review, we summarize the advances in CSC-targeted DDSs. Furthermore, we highlight the latest developmental trends through the main line of CSC occurrence and development process; some considerations about the rationale, advantages, and limitations of different DDSs for CSC-targeted therapies were discussed.
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Key Words
- ABC, ATP binding cassette
- AFN, apoferritin
- ALDH, aldehyde dehydrogenase
- BM-MSCs-derived Exos, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells-derived exosomes
- Biomarker
- CAFs, cancer-associated fibroblasts
- CL-siSOX2, cationic lipoplex of SOX2 small interfering RNA
- CMP, carbonate-mannose modified PEI
- CQ, chloroquine
- CSCs, cancer stem cells
- Cancer stem cells
- Cancer treatment
- Cellular level
- DCLK1, doublecortin-like kinase 1
- DDSs, drug delivery systems
- DLE, drug loading efficiency
- DOX, doxorubicin
- DQA-PEG2000-DSPE, dequlinium and carboxyl polyethylene glycol-distearoylphosphatidylethanolamine
- Dex, dexamethasone
- Drug delivery systems
- ECM, extracellular matrix
- EMT, epithelial–mesenchymal transition
- EPND, nanodiamond-Epirubicin drug complex
- EpCAM, epithelial cell adhesion molecule
- GEMP, gemcitabine monophosphate
- GLUT1, glucose ligand to the glucose transporter 1
- Glu, glucose
- HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma
- HH, Hedgehog
- HIF1α, hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha
- HNSCC, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
- IONP, iron oxide nanoparticle
- LAC, lung adenocarcinoma
- LNCs, lipid nanocapsules
- MAPK, mitogen-activated protein kinase
- MB, methylene blue
- MDR, multidrug resistance
- MNP, micellar nanoparticle
- MSNs, mesoporous silica nanoparticles
- Molecular level
- NF-κB, nuclear factor-kappa B
- Nav, navitoclax
- Niche
- PBAEs, poly(β-aminoester)
- PDT, photodynamic therapy
- PEG-PCD, poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(2-methyl-2-carboxyl-propylene carbonate-graft-dodecanol)
- PEG-PLA, poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(d,l-lactide)
- PEG-b-PLA, poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(d,l-lactide)
- PLGA, poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(d,l-lactide-co-glycolide)
- PTX, paclitaxel
- PU-PEI, polyurethane-short branch-polyethylenimine
- SLNs, solid lipid nanoparticles
- SSCs, somatic stem cells
- Sali-ABA, 4-(aminomethyl) benzaldehyde-modified Sali
- TNBC, triple negative breast cancer
- TPZ, tirapazamine
- Targeting strategies
- cRGD, cyclic Arg-Gly-Asp
- iTEP, immune-tolerant, elastin-like polypeptide
- mAbs, monoclonal antibodies
- mPEG-b-PCC-g-GEM-g-DC-g-CAT, poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(2-methyl-2-carboxyl-propylenecarbonate-graft-dodecanol-graft-cationic ligands)
- ncRNA, non-coding RNAs
- uPAR, urokinase plasminogen activator receptor
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxia Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Novel Formulations, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yanhong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Novel Formulations, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Zhonggao Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Novel Formulations, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Wei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Novel Formulations, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
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14
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Andey T, Attah MM, Akwaaba-Reynolds NA, Cheema S, Parvin-Nejad S, Acquaah-Mensah GK. Enhanced immortalization, HUWE1 mutations and other biological drivers of breast invasive carcinoma in Black/African American patients. Gene 2020; 5:100030. [PMID: 32550556 PMCID: PMC7286073 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2020.100030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Black/African-American (B/AA) breast cancer patients tend to have more aggressive tumor biology compared to White/Caucasians. In this study, a variety of breast tumor molecular expression profiles of patients derived from the two racial groupings were investigated. Breast invasive carcinoma sample data (RNASeq version 2, Reverse Phase Protein Array, mutation, and miRSeq data) from the Cancer Genome Atlas were examined. The results affirm that B/AA patients are more likely than Caucasian patients to harbor the aggressive basal-like or the poor prognosis-associated HER2-enriched molecular subtypes of breast cancer. There is also a higher incidence of the triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) among B/AA patients than the general population, a fact reflected in the mutation patterns of genes such as PIK3CA and TP53. Furthermore, an immortalization signature gene set, is enriched in samples from B/AA patients. Among stage III patients, TERT, DRAP1, and PQBP1, all members of the immortalization gene signature set, are among master-regulators with increased activity in B/AA patients. Master-regulators driving differences in expression profiles between the two groups include immortalization markers, senescence markers, and immune response and redox gene products. Differences in expression, between B/AA and Caucasian patients, of RB1, hsa-let-7a, E2F1, c-MYC, TERT, and other biomolecules appear to cooperate to enhance entry into the S-phase of the cell cycle in B/AA patients. Higher expression of miR-221, an oncomiR that facilitates entry into the cell cycle S-phase, is regulated by c-MYC, which is expressed more in breast cancer samples from B/AA patients. Furthermore, the cell migration- and invasion-promoting miRNA, miR-135b, has increased relative expression in B/AA patients. Knock down of the immortalization marker TERT inhibited triple-negative breast cancer cell lines (MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468) cell viability and decreased expression of TERT, MYC and WNT11. For those patients with available survival data, prognosis of stage II patients 50 years of age or younger at diagnosis, was distinctly poorer in B/AA patients. Also associated with this subset of B/AA patients are missense mutations in HUWE1 and PTEN expression loss. Relative to Caucasian non-responders to endocrine therapy, B/AA non-responders show suppressed expression of a signature gene set on which biological processes including signaling by interleukins, circadian clock, regulation of lipid metabolism by PPARα, FOXO-mediated transcription, and regulation of TP53 degradation are over-represented. Thus, we identify molecular expression patterns suggesting diminished response to oxidative stress, changes in regulation of tumor suppressors/facilitators, and enhanced immortalization in B/AA patients are likely important in defining the more aggressive molecular tumor phenotype reported in B/AA patients.
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Key Words
- ARACNe, Algorithm for the Reconstruction of Accurate Cellular Networks
- African
- B/AA, Black/African-American breast cancer patients
- B/AA50, Black/African-American stage II breast invasive carcinoma patients diagnosed at age 50 years or younger
- BrCA, breast invasive carcinoma
- Breast invasive carcinoma
- DE, differential expression
- DM, differential mutation
- EMT, Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition
- GSEA, Gene Set Enrichment Analysis
- Immortalization
- Molecular subtype
- RMA, robust multi-array average
- RPPA, Reverse Phase Protein Array
- Race
- TCGA, the Cancer Genome Atlas
- TNBC, triple-negative breast cancer
- TRN, Transcriptional Regulatory Network
- Triple-negative breast cancer
- VIPER, Virtual Inference of Protein activity by Enriched Regulon Analysis
- W50, White stage II breast invasive carcinoma patients diagnosed at age 50 years or younger
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Affiliation(s)
- Terrick Andey
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, MCPHS University, 19 Foster St, Worcester, MA 01608, USA
| | | | - Nana Adwoa Akwaaba-Reynolds
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, MCPHS University, 19 Foster St, Worcester, MA 01608, USA
| | - Sana Cheema
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, MCPHS University, 19 Foster St, Worcester, MA 01608, USA
| | - Sara Parvin-Nejad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, MCPHS University, 19 Foster St, Worcester, MA 01608, USA
| | - George K. Acquaah-Mensah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, MCPHS University, 19 Foster St, Worcester, MA 01608, USA
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15
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Mohammadinejad R, Dehshahri A, Sagar Madamsetty V, Zahmatkeshan M, Tavakol S, Makvandi P, Khorsandi D, Pardakhty A, Ashrafizadeh M, Ghasemipour Afshar E, Zarrabi A. In vivo gene delivery mediated by non-viral vectors for cancer therapy. J Control Release 2020; 325:249-275. [PMID: 32634464 PMCID: PMC7334939 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.06.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 06/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Gene therapy by expression constructs or down-regulation of certain genes has shown great potential for the treatment of various diseases. The wide clinical application of nucleic acid materials dependents on the development of biocompatible gene carriers. There are enormous various compounds widely investigated to be used as non-viral gene carriers including lipids, polymers, carbon materials, and inorganic structures. In this review, we will discuss the recent discoveries on non-viral gene delivery systems. We will also highlight the in vivo gene delivery mediated by non-viral vectors to treat cancer in different tissue and organs including brain, breast, lung, liver, stomach, and prostate. Finally, we will delineate the state-of-the-art and promising perspective of in vivo gene editing using non-viral nano-vectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Mohammadinejad
- Pharmaceutics Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Ali Dehshahri
- Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Vijay Sagar Madamsetty
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | - Masoumeh Zahmatkeshan
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shima Tavakol
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Pooyan Makvandi
- Institute for Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, National Research Council, IPCB-CNR, Naples, Italy; Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz 6153753843, Iran
| | - Danial Khorsandi
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced, Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14496-14535, Iran; Department of Biotechnology-Biomedicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Abbas Pardakhty
- Pharmaceutics Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Milad Ashrafizadeh
- Department of Basic Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Elham Ghasemipour Afshar
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Ali Zarrabi
- Sabanci University Nanotechnology Research and Application Center (SUNUM), Tuzla, Istanbul 34956, Turkey; Center of Excellence for Functional Surfaces and Interfaces (EFSUN), Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, Tuzla, Istanbul 34956, Turkey.
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16
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Bagde A, Patel N, Patel K, Nottingham E, Singh M. Sustained release dosage form of noscapine HCl using hot melt extrusion (HME) technique: formulation and pharmacokinetics. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2020; 11:1156-1165. [PMID: 32880879 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-020-00838-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Sustained release formulation of noscapine (Nos) HCl could be useful in maintaining plasma Nos HCl level for prolonged period of time, which is important for chemo-sensitization. However, weakly basic drugs like Nos HCl have pH-dependent solubility. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to achieve pH-independent drug release by developing the sustained release dosage form of Nos HCl using biodegradable polymer Eudragit RLPO and FDA-approved pH modifier citric acid (CA) by hot melt extrusion (HME) technique. Nos HCl was successfully formulated using 10% CA with 91.2 ± 1.34% drug recovery through the extruder. X-ray diffraction (XRD) results showed that drug was completely dispersed in the polymer and changed to amorphous from its crystalline form. In vitro drug release studies in pH 6.8 buffer showed that formulation containing 10% CA released 70.99 ± 3.85% drug in 24 h after initial burst release of 40.04 ± 2.39% compared to formulation without CA. Furthermore, in vivo pharmacokinetic data showed the sustained release plasma concentration time curve with significant (p < 0.05) increase in area under curve (AUC) in Nos HCl extrudate compared to Nos HCl solution. Overall, HME can be used to enhance the bioavailability and achieve the pH-independent solubility of weakly basic drugs like Nos HCl. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arvind Bagde
- College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL, 32307, USA
| | - Nilkumar Patel
- College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL, 32307, USA
| | - Ketan Patel
- College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL, 32307, USA.,College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY, 11439, USA
| | - Ebony Nottingham
- College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL, 32307, USA
| | - Mandip Singh
- College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL, 32307, USA.
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17
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Annexin A2 in Inflammation and Host Defense. Cells 2020; 9:cells9061499. [PMID: 32575495 PMCID: PMC7348701 DOI: 10.3390/cells9061499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Annexin A2 (AnxA2) is a multifunctional calcium2+ (Ca2+) and phospholipid-binding protein that is expressed in a wide spectrum of cells, including those participating in the inflammatory response. In acute inflammation, the interaction of AnxA2 with actin and adherens junction VE-cadherins underlies its role in regulating vascular integrity. In addition, its contribution to endosomal membrane repair impacts several aspects of inflammatory regulation, including lysosome repair, which regulates inflammasome activation, and autophagosome biogenesis, which is essential for macroautophagy. On the other hand, AnxA2 may be co-opted to promote adhesion, entry, and propagation of bacteria or viruses into host cells. In the later stages of acute inflammation, AnxA2 contributes to the initiation of angiogenesis, which promotes tissue repair, but, when dysregulated, may also accompany chronic inflammation. AnxA2 is overexpressed in malignancies, such as breast cancer and glioblastoma, and likely contributes to cancer progression in the context of an inflammatory microenvironment. We conclude that annexin AnxA2 normally fulfills a spectrum of anti-inflammatory functions in the setting of both acute and chronic inflammation but may contribute to disease states in settings of disordered homeostasis.
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18
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Xiao L, Jin H, Duan W, Hou Y. Roles of N-terminal Annexin A2 phosphorylation sites and miR-206 in colonic adenocarcinoma. Life Sci 2020; 253:117740. [PMID: 32376265 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Annexin A2 (ANXA2) is closely associated with tumor malignancy and its N-terminus includes a vital domain for its function. The aims are to explore the correlation between the sites (Tyr23, Ser1, Ser11 and Ser25) in the domain and its roles. MAIN METHODS We re-expressed ANXA2 with mutated sites in ANXA2-deleted human colonic adenocarcinoma cell line caco2 (ANXA2-/-caco2). A series of analyses were used to determine the correlation of each site with ANXA2 activation, cell malignancy enhancement and motility-associated microstructural development. Bioinformatics and luciferase reporter assays were employed to validate ANXA2-targeted miRNAs. KEY FINDINGS The in vitro results showed that all single and multiple mutations of the ANXA2 N-terminal sites inhibited ANXA2 phosphorylation at different levels and subsequently inhibited the proliferation, motility, and polymerization of F-actin and β-tubulin in caco2 cells. Motility-associated microstructures were significantly remodeled when these sites were mutated. The forced expression of miR-206 significantly suppressed the proliferation, motility and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of caco2 cells. The in vivo results showed that all the ANXA2 N-terminal site mutations and forced expression of miR-206 significantly inhibited tumor growth. Overall, this study demonstrated that the sites of the ANXA2 N-terminus, especially Tyr23, play crucial roles in maintaining the high malignancy of colonic adenocarcinoma. Furthermore, miR-206 targets ANXA2 and plays a role as a cancer suppressor in colonic adenocarcinoma. SIGNIFICANCE Our study provided evidence that further elucidates the molecular mechanism of ANXA2 and its roles in colonic adenocarcinoma and suggested potential targets of ANXA2 for colonic adenocarcinoma therapy by using miR-206 as a novel strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Xiao
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, 620 West Chang'an Avenue, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710119, China
| | - Huijuan Jin
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, 620 West Chang'an Avenue, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710119, China
| | - Wei Duan
- School of Medicine, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, VIC 3216, Australia
| | - Yingchun Hou
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, 620 West Chang'an Avenue, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710119, China.
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19
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Wu J, Hao Z, Ma C, Li P, Dang L, Sun S. Comparative proteogenomics profiling of non-small and small lung carcinoma cell lines using mass spectrometry. PeerJ 2020; 8:e8779. [PMID: 32351780 PMCID: PMC7183755 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.8779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Evidences indicated that non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) might originate from the same cell type, which however ended up to be two different subtypes of lung carcinoma, requiring different therapeutic regimens. We aimed to identify the differences between these two subtypes of lung cancer by using integrated proteome and genome approaches. Methods and Materials Two representative cell lines for each lung cancer subtype were comparatively analysed by quantitative proteomics, and their corresponding transcriptomics data were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. The integrated analyses of proteogenomic data were performed to determine key differentially expressed proteins that were positively correlated between proteomic and transcriptomic data. Result The proteomics analysis revealed 147 differentially expressed proteins between SCLC and NSCLC from a total of 3,970 identified proteins. Combined with available transcriptomics data, we further confirmed 14 differentially expressed proteins including six known and eight new lung cancer related proteins that were positively correlated with their transcriptomics data. These proteins are mainly involved in cell migration, proliferation, and invasion. Conclusion The proteogenomic data on both NSCLC and SCLC cell lines presented in this manuscript is complementary to existing genomic and proteomic data related to lung cancers and will be crucial for a systems biology-level understanding of the molecular mechanism of lung cancers. The raw mass spectrometry data have been deposited to the ProteomeXchange Consortium via the PRIDE partner repository with the dataset identifier PXD015270.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyu Wu
- College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhifang Hao
- College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Chen Ma
- College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Pengfei Li
- College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Liuyi Dang
- College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shisheng Sun
- College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
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20
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Aareskjold E, Grindheim AK, Hollås H, Goris M, Lillehaug JR, Vedeler A. Two tales of Annexin A2 knock-down: One of compensatory effects by antisense RNA and another of a highly active hairpin ribozyme. Biochem Pharmacol 2019; 166:253-263. [PMID: 31158338 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2019.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Besides altering its own expression during cell transformation, Annexin A2 is upregulated during the progression of many cancer types and also plays key roles during viral infection and multiplication. Consequently, there has been great interest in Annexin A2 as a potential drug target. The successful design of efficient in vivo delivery systems constitutes an obstacle in full exploitation of antisense and RNA-cleaving technologies for the knock-down of specific targets. Efficiency is dependent on the method of delivery and accessibility of the target. Here, hairpin ribozymes and an antisense RNA against rat annexin A2 mRNA were tested for their efficiencies in a T7-driven coupled transcription/translation system. The most efficient ribozyme and antisense RNA were subsequently inserted into a retroviral vector under the control of a tRNA promoter, in a cassette inserted between retroviral Long Terminal Repeats for stable insertion into host DNA. The Phoenix package system based on defective retroviruses was used for virus-mediated gene transfer into PC12 cells. Cells infected with the ribozyme-containing particles died shortly after infection. However, the same ribozyme showed a very high catalytic effect in vitro in cell lysates, explained by its loose hinge helix 2 region. This principle can be transferred to other ribozymes, such as those designed to cleave the guide RNA in the CRISPR/Cas9 technology, as well as to target specific viral RNAs. Interestingly, efficient down-regulation of the expression of Annexin A2 by the antisense RNA resulted in up-regulation of Annexin A7 as a compensatory effect after several cell passages. Indeed, compensatory effects have previously been observed during gene knock-out, but not during knock-down of protein expression. This highlights the problems in interpreting the phenotypic effects of knocking down the expression of a protein. In addition, these data are highly relevant when considering the effects of the CRISPR/Cas9 approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elin Aareskjold
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Jonas Lies vei 91, N-5009 Bergen, Norway
| | - Ann Kari Grindheim
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Jonas Lies vei 91, N-5009 Bergen, Norway
| | - Hanne Hollås
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Jonas Lies vei 91, N-5009 Bergen, Norway
| | - Marianne Goris
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Jonas Lies vei 91, N-5009 Bergen, Norway
| | - Johan R Lillehaug
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Bergen, Thormøhlensgate 55, N-5008 Bergen, Norway
| | - Anni Vedeler
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Jonas Lies vei 91, N-5009 Bergen, Norway.
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Andey T, Bora-Singhal N, Chellappan SP, Singh M. Cationic lipoplexes for treatment of cancer stem cell-derived murine lung tumors. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2019; 18:31-43. [PMID: 30831275 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2019.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2018] [Revised: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Side population (SP) cells with stem-like properties, also known as cancer stem cells (CSC) have been recognized as drivers of the resistance phenotype in many cancers. Central to the characteristic stem-like phenotype of CSCs in cancer is the activity of the SOX2 transcription factor whose upregulation has been associated with enrichment of many oncogenes. This study outlines the fabrication of a lipoplex of SOX2 small interfering RNA (CL-siSOX2) for targeted treatment of SOX2-enriched, CSC-derived orthotopic and xenograft lung tumors in CB-17 SCID mice. CL-siSOX2 induced tumor contraction in cisplatin-naïve and cisplatin-treated groups by 85% and 94% respectively. Reduction in tumor weight and volume following treatment with CL-siSOX2 was associated with reduced protein expression of SOX2 and markers of tumor initiation, inflammation, invasion and metastasis in mice tumor xenografts. In addition, histological staining of lung tumor sections showed reduction in SOX2 expression was associated with inhibition markers of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terrick Andey
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences University, 19 Foster Street, Worcester, MA 01608, USA
| | - Namrata Bora-Singhal
- Department of Tumor Biology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, 12902 USF Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Srikumar P Chellappan
- Department of Tumor Biology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, 12902 USF Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Mandip Singh
- College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA.
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22
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Sharma MC. Annexin A2 (ANX A2): An emerging biomarker and potential therapeutic target for aggressive cancers. Int J Cancer 2018; 144:2074-2081. [PMID: 30125343 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.31817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Revised: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
ANX A2 is an important member of annexin family of proteins expressed on surface of endothelial cells (ECs), macrophages, mononuclear cells and various types of cancer cells. It exhibits high affinity binding for calcium (Ca++ ) and phospholipids. ANX A2 plays an important role in many biological processes such as endocytosis, exocytosis, autophagy, cell-cell communications and biochemical activation of plasminogen. On the cell surface ANX A2 organizes the assembly of plasminogen (PLG) and tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) for efficient conversion of PLG to plasmin, a serine protease. Proteolytic activity of plasmin is required for activation of inactive pro-metalloproteases (pro-MMPs) and latent growth factors for their biological actions. These activation steps are critical for degradation of extracellular matrix (ECM) and basement proteins (BM) for cancer cell invasion and metastasis. Increased expression of ANX A2 protein/gene has been correlated with invasion and metastasis in a variety of human cancers. Moreover, clinical studies have positively correlated ANX A2 protein expression with aggressive cancers and with resistance to anticancer drugs, shorter disease-free survival (DFS), and worse overall survival (OS). The mechanism(s) by which ANX A2 regulates cancer invasion and metastasis are beginning to emerge. Investigators used various technologies to target ANX A2 in preclinical model of human cancers and demonstrated exciting results. In this review article, we analyzed existing literature concurrent with our own findings and provided a critical overview of ANX A2-dependent mechanism(s) of cancer invasion and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahesh C Sharma
- Research Service, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Washington, DC.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, George Washington University, Washington, DC
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Dianat-Moghadam H, Heidarifard M, Jahanban-Esfahlan R, Panahi Y, Hamishehkar H, Pouremamali F, Rahbarghazi R, Nouri M. Cancer stem cells-emanated therapy resistance: Implications for liposomal drug delivery systems. J Control Release 2018; 288:62-83. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2018.08.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Revised: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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24
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Ma S, Lu CC, Yang LY, Wang JJ, Wang BS, Cai HQ, Hao JJ, Xu X, Cai Y, Zhang Y, Wang MR. ANXA2 promotes esophageal cancer progression by activating MYC-HIF1A-VEGF axis. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2018; 37:183. [PMID: 30081903 PMCID: PMC6091180 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-018-0851-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND ANXA2 (Annexin A2) is a pleiotropic calcium-dependent phospholipid binding protein that is abnormally expressed in various cancers. We previously found that ANXA2 is upregulated in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). This study was designed to investigate the functional significance of ANXA2 dysregulation and underlying mechanism in ESCC. METHODS Proliferation, migration, invasion and metastasis assay were performed to examine the functional roles of ANXA2 in ESCC cells in vitro and in vivo. Real-time RT-PCR, immunoblotting, ChIP, reporter assay, confocal-immunofluorescence staining, co-immunoprecipitation and ubiquitination assay were used to explore the molecular mechanism underlying the actions of deregulated ANXA2 in ESCC cells. RESULTS Overexpression of ANXA2 promoted ESCC cells migration and invasion in vitro and metastasis in vivo through activation of the MYC-HIF1A-VEGF cascade. Notably, ANXA2 phosphorylation at Tyr23 by SRC led to its translocation into the nucleus and enhanced the metastatic potential of ESCC cells. Phosphorylated ANXA2 (Tyr23) interacted with MYC and inhibited ubiquitin-dependent proteasomal degradation of MYC protein. Accumulated MYC directly potentiated HIF1A transcription and then activated VEGF expression. Correlation between these molecules were also found in ESCC tissues. Moreover, dasatinib in combination with bevacizumab or ANXA2-siRNA produced potent inhibitory effects on the growth of ESCC xenograft tumors in vivo. CONCLUSIONS This study provides evidence that highly expressed p-ANXA2 (Tyr23) contributes to ESCC progression by promoting migration, invasion and metastasis, and suggests that targeting the SRC-ANXA2-MYC-HIF1A-MYC axis may be an efficient strategy for ESCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sai Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 17 Panjiayuan Nanli, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Chen-Chen Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 17 Panjiayuan Nanli, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100021, China.,Basic Medical College, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, 233003, China
| | - Li-Yan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 17 Panjiayuan Nanli, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Juan-Juan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 17 Panjiayuan Nanli, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Bo-Shi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Hong-Qing Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 17 Panjiayuan Nanli, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Jia-Jie Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 17 Panjiayuan Nanli, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Xin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 17 Panjiayuan Nanli, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Yan Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 17 Panjiayuan Nanli, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 17 Panjiayuan Nanli, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100021, China.
| | - Ming-Rong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 17 Panjiayuan Nanli, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100021, China.
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25
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Rangasami VK, Lohchania B, Voshavar C, Rachamalla HR, Banerjee R, Dhayani A, Thangavel S, Vemula PK, Marepally S. Exploring membrane permeability of Tomatidine to enhance lipid mediated nucleic acid transfections. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2018; 1861:327-334. [PMID: 29902420 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2018.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Revised: 05/05/2018] [Accepted: 06/08/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Intracellular delivery of nucleic acids is one of the critical steps in the transfections. Prior findings demonstrated various strategies including membrane fusion, endosomal escape for the efficient cytoplasmic delivery. In our continuing efforts to improve the nucleic acids transfections, we harnessed cell permeable properties of Tomatidine (T), a steroidal alkaloid abundantly found in green tomatoes for maximizing intracellular delivery of lipoplexes. We doped Tomatidine into liposomes of cationic lipid with amide linker (A) from our lipid library. Six liposomal formulations (AT) of Lipid A (1 mM) with varying concentrations of Tomatidine (0-1 mM) were prepared and evaluated for their transfection efficacies. Owing to its signature characteristic of cell membrane permeability, Tomatidine modulated endocytosis process, enhanced the intracellular delivery of the lipoplexes, and in turn increased the transfection efficacy of cationic liposomes. Our findings provide 'proof of concept' for enhancing transfections in gene delivery applications with Tomatidine in cationic liposomal formulations. These findings can be further applied in lipid mediated gene therapy and drug delivery applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vignesh K Rangasami
- Centre for Stem Cell Research, Christian Medical College Campus, Bagayam, Vellore 632002, India
| | - Brijesh Lohchania
- Centre for Stem Cell Research, Christian Medical College Campus, Bagayam, Vellore 632002, India
| | | | | | - Rajkumar Banerjee
- Biomaterials Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500 007, India
| | - Ashish Dhayani
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine (inStem), GKVK-post, Bellary Road, Bengaluru 560065, India; The School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Thirumalaisamudram, Thanjavur-613401,Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Praveen K Vemula
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine (inStem), GKVK-post, Bellary Road, Bengaluru 560065, India.
| | - Srujan Marepally
- Centre for Stem Cell Research, Christian Medical College Campus, Bagayam, Vellore 632002, India; Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine (inStem), GKVK-post, Bellary Road, Bengaluru 560065, India.
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Akizawa H, Kobayashi K, Bai H, Takahashi M, Kagawa S, Nagatomo H, Kawahara M. Reciprocal regulation of TEAD4 and CCN2 for the trophectoderm development of the bovine blastocyst. Reproduction 2018; 155:563-571. [DOI: 10.1530/rep-18-0043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The first segregation at the blastocyst stage is the symmetry-breaking event to characterize two cell components; namely, inner cell mass (ICM) and trophectoderm (TE). TEA domain transcription factor 4 (TEAD4) is a well-known regulator to determine TE properties of blastomeres in rodent models. However, the roles of bovine TEAD4 in blastocyst development have been unclear. We here aimed to clarify the mechanisms underlining TE characterization by TEAD4 in bovine blastocysts. We first found that theTEAD4mRNA expression level was greater in TE than in ICM, which was further supported by TEAD4 immunofluorescent staining. Subsequently, we examined the expression patterns of TE-expressed genes;CDX2,GATA2andCCN2, in theTEAD4-knockdown (KD) blastocysts. These expression levels significantly decreased in theTEAD4KD blastocysts compared with controls. Of these downregulated genes, theCCN2expression level decreased the most. We further analyzed the expression levels of TE-expressed genes;CDX2,GATA2andTEAD4in theCCN2KD blastocysts. Strikingly, theCCN2KD blastocysts showed the downregulation ofCDX2,GATA2andTEAD4. Furthermore, the ratio of TE-to-ICM cell numbers in theCCN2KD blastocysts significantly decreased compared to controls. To our knowledge, this is the first study showing the regulation ofCCN2expression thoroughTEAD4in mammalian embryos. Not only that, this study also provides evidence that reciprocal regulation ofTEAD4andCCN2is required for TE development with appropriate gene expression in bovine blastocysts.
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27
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Annexin A2-mediated cancer progression and therapeutic resistance in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. J Biomed Sci 2018; 25:30. [PMID: 29598816 PMCID: PMC5877395 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-018-0430-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a head and neck cancer with poor clinical outcomes and insufficient treatments in Southeast Asian populations. Although concurrent chemoradiotherapy has improved recovery rates of patients, poor overall survival and low efficacy are still critical problems. To improve the therapeutic efficacy, we focused on a tumor-associated protein called Annexin A2 (ANXA2). This review summarizes the mechanisms by which ANXA2 promotes cancer progression (e.g., proliferation, migration, the epithelial-mesenchymal transition, invasion, and cancer stem cell formation) and therapeutic resistance (e.g., radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy). These mechanisms gave us a deeper understanding of the molecular aspects of cancer progression, and further provided us with a great opportunity to overcome therapeutic resistance of NPC and other cancers with high ANXA2 expression by developing this prospective ANXA2-targeted therapy.
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Farahmand L, Darvishi B, Salehi M, Samadi Kouchaksaraei S, Majidzadeh-A K. Functionalised nanomaterials for eradication of CSCs, a promising approach for overcoming tumour heterogeneity. J Drug Target 2017; 26:649-657. [DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2017.1405426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Leila Farahmand
- Recombinant Proteins Department, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Behrad Darvishi
- Recombinant Proteins Department, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Malihe Salehi
- Recombinant Proteins Department, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Keivan Majidzadeh-A
- Recombinant Proteins Department, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
- Tasnim Biotechnology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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29
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Singh VK, Saini A, Chandra R. The Implications and Future Perspectives of Nanomedicine for Cancer Stem Cell Targeted Therapies. Front Mol Biosci 2017; 4:52. [PMID: 28785557 PMCID: PMC5520001 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2017.00052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2017] [Accepted: 07/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are believed to exhibit distinctive self-renewal, proliferation, and differentiation capabilities, and thus play a significant role in various aspects of cancer. CSCs have significant impacts on the progression of tumors, drug resistance, recurrence and metastasis in different types of malignancies. Due to their primary role, most researchers have focused on developing anti-CSC therapeutic strategies, and tremendous efforts have been put to explore methods for selective eradication of these therapeutically resistant CSCs. In recent years, many reports have shown the use of CSCs-specific approaches such as ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters, blockade of self-renewal and survival of CSCs, CSCs surface markers targeted drugs delivery and eradication of the tumor microenvironment. Also, various therapeutic agents such as small molecule drugs, nucleic acids, and antibodies are said to destroy CSCs selectively. Targeted drug delivery holds the key to the success of most of the anti-CSCs based drugs/therapies. The convention CSCs-specific therapeutic agents, suffer from various problems. For instance, limited water solubility, small circulation time and inconsistent stability of conventional therapeutic agents have significantly limited their efficacy. Recent advancement in the drug delivery technology has demonstrated that specially designed nanocarrier-based drug delivery approaches (nanomedicine) can be useful in delivering sufficient amount of drug molecules even in the most interiors of CSCs niches and thus can overcome the limitations associated with the conventional free drug delivery methods. The nanomedicine has also been promising in designing effective therapeutic regime against pump-mediated drug resistance (ATP-driven) and reduces detrimental effects on normal stem cells. Here we focus on the biological processes regulating CSCs' drug resistance and various strategies developed so far to deal with them. We also review the various nanomedicine approaches developed so far to overcome these CSCs related issues and their future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vimal K. Singh
- Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological UniversityNew Delhi, India
| | - Abhishek Saini
- Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological UniversityNew Delhi, India
| | - Ramesh Chandra
- Department of Chemistry, University of DelhiNew Delhi, India
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30
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Rui M, Qu Y, Gao T, Ge Y, Feng C, Xu X. Simultaneous delivery of anti-miR21 with doxorubicin prodrug by mimetic lipoprotein nanoparticles for synergistic effect against drug resistance in cancer cells. Int J Nanomedicine 2016; 12:217-237. [PMID: 28115844 PMCID: PMC5221799 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s122171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of drug resistance in cancer cells is one of the major obstacles to achieving effective chemotherapy. We hypothesized that the combination of a doxorubicin (Dox) prodrug and microRNA (miR)21 inhibitor might show synergistic antitumor effects on drug-resistant breast cancer cells. In this study, we aimed to develop new high-density lipoprotein-mimicking nanoparticles (HMNs) for coencapsulation and codelivery of this potential combination. Dox was coupled with a nuclear localization signal (NLS) peptide to construct a prodrug (NLS-Dox), thereby electrostatically condensing miR21 inhibitor (anti-miR21) to form cationic complexes. The HMNs were formulated by shielding these complexes with anionic lipids and Apo AI proteins. We have characterized that the coloaded HMNs had uniformly dispersed distribution, favorable negatively charged surface, and high coencapsulation efficiency. The HMN formulation effectively codelivered NLS-Dox and anti-miR21 into Dox-resistant breast cancer MCF7/ADR cells and wild-type MCF7 cells via a high-density-lipoprotein receptor-mediated pathway, which facilitated the escape of Pgp drug efflux. The coloaded HMNs consisting of NLS-Dox/anti-miR21 demonstrated greater cytotoxicity with enhanced intracellular accumulation in resistant MCF7/ADR cells compared with free Dox solution. The reversal of drug resistance by coloaded HMNs might be attributed to the suppression of miR21 expression and the related antiapoptosis network. Furthermore, the codelivery of anti-miR21 and NLS-Dox by HMNs showed synergistic antiproliferative effects in MCF7/ADR-bearing nude mice, and was more effective in tumor inhibition than other drug formulations. These data suggested that codelivery of anti-miR21 and chemotherapeutic agents by HMNs might be a promising strategy for antitumor therapy, and could restore the drug sensitivity of cancer cells, alter intracellular drug distribution, and ultimately enhance chemotherapeutic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengjie Rui
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Qu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Tong Gao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanru Ge
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunlai Feng
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Ximing Xu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People's Republic of China
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Cui L, Song J, Wu L, Cheng L, Chen A, Wang Y, Huang Y, Huang L. Role of Annexin A2 in the EGF-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition in human CaSki cells. Oncol Lett 2016; 13:377-383. [PMID: 28123570 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2016.5406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2015] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGF-R) signaling pathway is thought to have an important role in the development and progression of several carcinomas, as it is associated with cell proliferation, differentiation and migration. Activation of EGF-R signaling regulates epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-associated invasion and migration in normal and malignant epithelial cells. However, the specific mechanisms have not yet been fully elucidated. The present study utilized wound healing assays, western blotting, flow cytometry and MTT assays to demonstrate that Annexin A2 (ANXA2) is a key regulatory factor in EGF-induced EMT in CaSki cervical cancer cells. Moreover, the increased expression levels of ANXA2 promoted cell viability and migration in human CaSki cells. It was also found that silencing ANXA2 partially reverses EGF-induced EMT and inhibits cell viability and migration in CaSki cells. These findings suggest that ANXA2 is a key regulator of EGF-induced EMT in CaSki cervical cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Cui
- Department of General Surgery, Yichang Central People's Hospital, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei 443002, P.R. China
| | - Jian Song
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
| | - Liting Wu
- Institute of Molecular Biology of Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei 443002, P.R. China
| | - Luhui Cheng
- Department of General Surgery, Yichang Central People's Hospital, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei 443002, P.R. China
| | - Aijun Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Yichang Central People's Hospital, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei 443002, P.R. China
| | - Yanlin Wang
- Institute of Molecular Biology of Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei 443002, P.R. China
| | - Yingdi Huang
- Institute of Molecular Biology of Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei 443002, P.R. China
| | - Liming Huang
- Institute of Molecular Biology of Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei 443002, P.R. China
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32
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Ignjatović NL, Penov-Gaši KM, Wu VM, Ajduković JJ, Kojić VV, Vasiljević-Radović D, Kuzmanović M, Uskoković V, Uskoković DP. Selective anticancer activity of hydroxyapatite/chitosan-poly(d,l)-lactide-co-glycolide particles loaded with an androstane-based cancer inhibitor. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2016; 148:629-639. [PMID: 27694053 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2016.09.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2016] [Revised: 09/15/2016] [Accepted: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In an earlier study we demonstrated that hydroxyapatite nanoparticles coated with chitosan-poly(d,l)-lactide-co-glycolide (HAp/Ch-PLGA) target lungs following their intravenous injection into mice. In this study we utilize an emulsification process and freeze drying to load the composite HAp/Ch-PLGA particles with 17β-hydroxy-17α-picolyl-androst-5-en-3β-yl-acetate (A), a chemotherapeutic derivative of androstane and a novel compound with a selective anticancer activity against lung cancer cells. 1H NMR and 13C NMR techniques confirmed the intact structure of the derivative A following its entrapment within HAp/Ch-PLGA particles. The thermogravimetric and differential thermal analyses coupled with mass spectrometry were used to assess the thermal degradation products and properties of A-loaded HAp/Ch-PLGA. The loading efficiency, as indicated by the comparison of enthalpies of phase transitions in pure A and A-loaded HAp/Ch-PLGA, equaled 7.47wt.%. The release of A from HAp/Ch-PLGA was sustained, neither exhibiting a burst release nor plateauing after three weeks. Atomic force microscopy and particle size distribution analyses were used to confirm that the particles were spherical with a uniform size distribution of d50=168nm. In vitro cytotoxicity testing of A-loaded HAp/Ch-PLGA using MTT and trypan blue dye exclusion assays demonstrated that the particles were cytotoxic to the A549 human lung carcinoma cell line (46±2%), while simultaneously preserving high viability (83±3%) of regular MRC5 human lung fibroblasts and causing no harm to primary mouse lung fibroblasts. In conclusion, composite A-loaded HAp/Ch-PLGA particles could be seen as promising drug delivery platforms for selective cancer therapies, targeting malignant cells for destruction, while having a significantly lesser cytotoxic effect on the healthy cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nenad L Ignjatović
- Institute of Technical Sciences of the Serbian Academy of Science and Arts, Knez Mihailova 35/IV, P.O. Box 377, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Katarina M Penov-Gaši
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Environmental Protection, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 3, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Victoria M Wu
- Advanced Materials and Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Chapman University, 9401 Jeronimo Road, Irvine, CA 92618-1908, USA
| | - Jovana J Ajduković
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Environmental Protection, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 3, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Vesna V Kojić
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Medicine, Oncology Institute of Vojvodina, Dr Goldmana 4, 21204 Sremska Kamenica, Serbia
| | - Dana Vasiljević-Radović
- University of Belgrade, Institute for Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy, Njegoševa 12, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Maja Kuzmanović
- Institute of Technical Sciences of the Serbian Academy of Science and Arts, Knez Mihailova 35/IV, P.O. Box 377, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Vuk Uskoković
- Advanced Materials and Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Chapman University, 9401 Jeronimo Road, Irvine, CA 92618-1908, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois, 851 South Morgan Street, Chicago, IL 60607-7052, USA.
| | - Dragan P Uskoković
- Institute of Technical Sciences of the Serbian Academy of Science and Arts, Knez Mihailova 35/IV, P.O. Box 377, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
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Jeong EH, Kim H, Jang B, Cho H, Ryu J, Kim B, Park Y, Kim J, Lee JB, Lee H. Technological development of structural DNA/RNA-based RNAi systems and their applications. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2016; 104:29-43. [PMID: 26494399 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2015.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2015] [Revised: 09/01/2015] [Accepted: 10/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
RNA interference (RNAi)-based gene therapy has drawn tremendous attention due to its highly specific gene regulation by selective degradation of any target mRNA. There have been multiple reports regarding the development of various cationic materials for efficient siRNA delivery, however, many studies still suffer from the conventional delivery problems such as suboptimal transfection performance, a lack of tissue specificity, and potential cytotoxicity. Despite the huge therapeutic potential of siRNAs, conventional gene carriers have failed to guarantee successful gene silencing in vivo, thus not warranting clinical trials. The relatively short double-stranded structure of siRNAs has resulted in uncompromising delivery formulations, as well as low transfection efficiency, compared with the conventional nucleic acid drugs such as plasmid DNAs. Recent developments in structural siRNA and RNAi nanotechnology have enabled more refined and reliable in vivo gene silencing with multiple advantages over naked siRNAs. This review focuses on recent progress in the development of structural DNA/RNA-based RNAi systems and their potential therapeutic applications. In addition, an extensive list of prior reports on various RNAi systems is provided and categorized by their distinctive molecular characters.
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Akizawa H, Nagatomo H, Odagiri H, Kohri N, Yamauchi N, Yanagawa Y, Nagano M, Takahashi M, Kawahara M. Conserved roles of fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 signaling in the regulation of inner cell mass development in bovine blastocysts. Mol Reprod Dev 2016; 83:516-25. [DOI: 10.1002/mrd.22646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2016] [Accepted: 03/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Akizawa
- Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Reproduction; Research Faculty of Agriculture; Hokkaido University; Sapporo Japan
| | - Hiroaki Nagatomo
- Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Reproduction; Research Faculty of Agriculture; Hokkaido University; Sapporo Japan
| | - Haruka Odagiri
- Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Reproduction; Research Faculty of Agriculture; Hokkaido University; Sapporo Japan
| | - Nanami Kohri
- Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Reproduction; Research Faculty of Agriculture; Hokkaido University; Sapporo Japan
| | - Nobuhiko Yamauchi
- Department of Animal and Marine Bioresource Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture; Kyushu University; Fukuoka Japan
| | - Yojiro Yanagawa
- Laboratory of Theriogenology, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine; Hokkaido University; Sapporo Japan
| | - Masashi Nagano
- Laboratory of Theriogenology, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine; Hokkaido University; Sapporo Japan
| | - Masashi Takahashi
- Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Reproduction; Research Faculty of Agriculture; Hokkaido University; Sapporo Japan
| | - Manabu Kawahara
- Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Reproduction; Research Faculty of Agriculture; Hokkaido University; Sapporo Japan
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Andey T, Patel A, Marepally S, Chougule M, Spencer SD, Rishi AK, Singh M. Formulation, Pharmacokinetic, and Efficacy Studies of Mannosylated Self-Emulsifying Solid Dispersions of Noscapine. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0146804. [PMID: 26757437 PMCID: PMC4710382 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0146804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2015] [Accepted: 12/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To formulate hydroxypropyl methylcellulose-stabilized self-emulsifying solid dispersible carriers of noscapine to enhance oral bioavailability. Methods Formulation of noscapine (Nos) self-emulsifying solid dispersible microparticles (SESDs) was afforded by emulsification using an optimized formula of Labrafil M1944, Tween-80, and Labrasol followed by spray-drying with hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC), with and without mannosamine (Mann-Nos_SESDs and Nos_SESDs respectively); self-microemulsifying liquid dispersions (SMEDDs) with and without mannosamine (Mann-Nos_SMEDDs and Nos_SMEDDs respectively) were also prepared. SMEDDs and SESDs were characterized for size, polydispersity, surface charge, entrapment efficiency, in vitro permeability, in vitro release kinetics, and oral pharmacokinetics in Sprague-Dawley rats (10 mg/kg p.o). The antitumor efficacy of Mann-Nos_SESDs on the basis of chemosensitization to cisplatin (2.0 mg/kg, IV) was investigated in a chemorefractory lung tumor Nu/Nu mouse model up to a maximal oral dose of 300 mg/kg. Results The oil/surfactant/co-surfactant mixture of Labrafil M1944, Tween-80, and Labrasol optimized at weight ratios of 62.8:9.30:27.90% produced stable self-microemulsifying dispersions (SMEDDs) at a SMEDD to water ratio of 1–3:7–9 parts by weight. SMEDDs had hydrodynamic diameters between 231 and 246 nm; surface charges ranged from -16.50 to -18.7 mV; and entrapment efficiencies were between 32 and 35%. SESDs ranged in size between 5.84 and 6.60 μm with surface charges from -10.62 to -12.40 mV and entrapment efficiencies of 30.96±4.66 and 32.05±3.72% (Nos_SESDs and Mann-Nos_SESDs respectively). Mann-Nos_SESDs exhibited saturating uptake across Caco-2 monolayers (Papp = 4.94±0.18 × 10−6 cm/s), with controlled release of 50% of Nos in 6 hr at pH 6.8 following Higuchi kinetics. Mann-Nos_ SESDs was 40% more bioavailable compared to Nos_SESDs; and was effective in sensitizing H1650 SP cells to Cisplatin in vitro and in an orthotopic lung tumor model of H1650 SP origin. Conclusions Mannosylated noscapine self-emulsifying solid dispersions (Mann-Nos_SESDs) are bioavailable and potentiate the antineoplastic effect of cisplatin-based chemotherapy in cisplatin-resistant NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terrick Andey
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences University, 19 Foster Street, Worcester, MA, United States of America
| | - Apurva Patel
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, 1520 South Martin Luther King Jr. Blvd., Tallahassee, FL, United States of America
| | - Srujan Marepally
- Institute for Stem cell biology and Regenerative Medicine (inStem), National Centre for Biological Sciences (NCBS), Bangalore, India
| | - Mahavir Chougule
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Daniel K. Inouye College of Pharmacy, University of Hawaii at Hilo, 200 W. St., Hilo, HI 96720, United States of America
| | - Shawn D. Spencer
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, 1520 South Martin Luther King Jr. Blvd., Tallahassee, FL, United States of America
| | - Arun K. Rishi
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States of America
| | - Mandip Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, 1520 South Martin Luther King Jr. Blvd., Tallahassee, FL, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Godugu C, Doddapaneni R, Patel AR, Singh R, Mercer R, Singh M. Novel Gefitinib Formulation with Improved Oral Bioavailability in Treatment of A431 Skin Carcinoma. Pharm Res 2016; 33:137-54. [PMID: 26286185 PMCID: PMC4774891 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-015-1771-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2015] [Accepted: 08/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Oral administration of anticancer agents presents a series of advantages for patients. However, most of the anticancer drugs have poor water solubility leading to low bioavailability. METHODS Controlled released spray dried matrix system of Gefitinib with hydroxypropyl β-cyclodextrin, chitosan, hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose, vitamin E TPGS, succinic acid were used for the design of formulations to improve the oral absorption of Gefitinib. Spray drying with a customized spray gun which allows simultaneous/pulsatile flow of two different liquid systems through single nozzle was used to prepare Gefitinib spray dried formulations (Gef-SD). Formulation was characterized by in vitro drug release and Caco-2 permeability studies. Pharmacokinetic studies were performed in Sprague Dawley rats. Efficacy of Gef-SD was carried out in A431 xenografts models in nude mice. RESULTS In Gef-SD group 9.14-fold increase in the AUC was observed compared to free Gef. Improved pharmacokinetic profile of Gef-SD translated into increase (1.75 fold compared to Gef free drug) in anticancer effects. Animal survival was significantly increased in Gef formulation treated groups, with superior reduction in the tumor size (1.48-fold) and volumes (1.75-fold) and also increase in the anticancer effects (TUNEL positive apoptotic cells) was observed in Gef-SD treated groups. Further, western blot, immunohistochemical and proteomics analysis demonstrated the increased pharmacodynamic effects of Gef-SD formulations in A431 xenograft tumor models. CONCLUSION Our studies suggested that Gefitinib can be successfully incorporated into control release microparticles based oral formulation with enhanced pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic activity. This study demonstrates the novel application of Gef in A431 tumor models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandraiah Godugu
- College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA
- Department of Regulatory Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, (NIPER), Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Ravi Doddapaneni
- College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA
| | - Apurva R Patel
- College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA
| | - Rakesh Singh
- Translational Science Laboratory, Florida State University, College of Medicine, Tallahassee, Florida, 32306, USA
| | - Roger Mercer
- Translational Science Laboratory, Florida State University, College of Medicine, Tallahassee, Florida, 32306, USA
| | - Mandip Singh
- College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA.
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Shen S, Xia JX, Wang J. Nanomedicine-mediated cancer stem cell therapy. Biomaterials 2015; 74:1-18. [PMID: 26433488 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2015.09.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2015] [Revised: 09/23/2015] [Accepted: 09/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Circumstantial evidence suggests that most tumours are heterogeneous and contain a small population of cancer stem cells (CSCs) that exhibit distinctive self-renewal, proliferation and differentiation capabilities, which are believed to play a crucial role in tumour progression, drug resistance, recurrence and metastasis in multiple malignancies. Given that the existence of CSCs is a primary obstacle to cancer therapy, a tremendous amount of effort has been put into the development of anti-CSC strategies, and several potential approaches to kill therapeutically-resistant CSCs have been explored, including inhibiting ATP-binding cassette transporters, blocking essential signalling pathways involved in self-renewal and survival of CSCs, targeting CSCs surface markers and destroying the tumour microenvironment. Meanwhile, an increasing number of therapeutic agents (e.g. small molecule drugs, nucleic acids and antibodies) to selectively target CSCs have been screened or proposed in recent years. Drug delivery technology-based approaches hold great potential for tackling the limitations impeding clinical applications of CSC-specific agents, such as poor water solubility, short circulation time and inconsistent stability. Properly designed nanocarrier-based therapeutic agents (or nanomedicines) offer new possibilities of penetrating CSC niches and significantly increasing therapeutic drug accumulation in CSCs, which are difficult for free drug counterparts. In addition, intelligent nanomedicine holds great promise to overcome pump-mediated multidrug resistance which is driven by ATP and to decrease detrimental effects on normal somatic stem cells. In this review, we summarise the distinctive biological processes related to CSCs to highlight strategies against inherently drug-resistant CSCs. We then focus on some representative examples that give a glimpse into state-of-the-art nanomedicine approaches developed for CSCs elimination. A perspective on innovative therapeutic strategies and the potential direction of nanomedicine-based CSC therapy in the near future is also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Shen
- The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences and Medical Center, University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, PR China
| | - Jin-Xing Xia
- The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences and Medical Center, University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, PR China.
| | - Jun Wang
- The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences and Medical Center, University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, PR China; Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, PR China; High Magnetic Field Laboratory of CAS, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, PR China.
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Li R, Tan S, Yu M, Jundt MC, Zhang S, Wu M. Annexin A2 Regulates Autophagy in Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infection through the Akt1-mTOR-ULK1/2 Signaling Pathway. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2015; 195:3901-11. [PMID: 26371245 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1500967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2015] [Accepted: 08/06/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Earlier studies reported that a cell membrane protein, Annexin A2 (AnxA2), plays multiple roles in the development, invasion, and metastasis of cancer. Recent studies demonstrated that AnxA2 also functions in immunity against infection, but the underlying mechanism remains largely elusive. Using a mouse infection model, we reveal a crucial role for AnxA2 in host defense against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, as anxa2(-/-) mice manifested severe lung injury, systemic dissemination, and increased mortality compared with wild-type littermates. In addition, anxa2(-/-) mice exhibited elevated inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, and IFN-γ), decreased bacterial clearance by macrophages, and increased superoxide release in the lung. We further identified an unexpected molecular interaction between AnxA2 and Fam13A, which activated Rho GTPase. P. aeruginosa infection induced autophagosome formation by inhibiting Akt1 and mTOR. Our results indicate that AnxA2 regulates autophagy, thereby contributing to host immunity against bacteria through the Akt1-mTOR-ULK1/2 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongpeng Li
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58203; College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing University of Technology, Nanjing 211800, People's Republic of China
| | - Shirui Tan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58203; College of Agriculture, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Yu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58203; Department of Thoracic Oncology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, People's Republic of China; and
| | - Michael C Jundt
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58203
| | - Shuang Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58203; State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Wu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58203;
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Andey T, Sudhakar G, Marepally S, Patel A, Banerjee R, Singh M. Lipid nanocarriers of a lipid-conjugated estrogenic derivative inhibit tumor growth and enhance cisplatin activity against triple-negative breast cancer: pharmacokinetic and efficacy evaluation. Mol Pharm 2015; 12:1105-20. [PMID: 25661724 DOI: 10.1021/mp5008629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the leading cause of malignancies among women globally. The triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) subtype is the most difficult to treat and accounts for 15% of all cases. Targeted therapies have been developed for TNBC but come short of clinical translation due to acquired tumor resistance. An effective therapy against TNBC must combine properties of target specificity, efficient tumor killing, and translational relevance. The objective of this study was to formulate a nontoxic, cationic, lipid-conjugated estrogenic derivative (ESC8), with demonstrated anticancer activity, for oral delivery in mice bearing triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) as xenograft tumors. The in vitro cell viability, Caco-2 permeability, and cell cycle dynamics of ESC8-treated TNBC cells were investigated. ESC8 was formulated as liposomes, solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs), and nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) and characterized for size, zeta potential, entrapment efficiency, size stability, and tumor biodistribution. Pharmacokinetic modeling of plasma concentration-time course data was carried out following intravenous and oral administration in Sprague-Dawley rats. In vivo efficacy investigation of ESC8-SLNC was carried out in Nu/Nu mice bearing MDA-MB-231 TNBC as xenograft tumors, and the molecular dynamics modulating tumor growth inhibition was analyzed by Western blot. In vitro ESC8 inhibited TNBC and non-TNBC cell viability with IC50 ranging from 1.81 to 3.33 μM. ESC8 was superior to tamoxifen and Cisplatin in inhibiting MDA-MB-231 cell viability; and at 2.0 μM ESC8 enhanced Cisplatin cytotoxicity 16-fold. Intravenous ESC8 (2.0 mg/kg) was eliminated at a rate of 0.048 ± 0.01 h(-1) with a half-life of 14.63 ± 2.95 h in rats. ESC8 was orally bioavailable (47.03%) as solid lipid nanoparticles (ESC8-SLN). ESC8-SLN (10 mg/kg/day, ×14 days, p.o.) inhibited breast tumor growth by 74% (P < 0.0001 vs control) in mice bearing MDA-MB-231 cells as xenografts; and when given in combination with Cisplatin (2.0 mg/kg/biweekly, ×2 weeks, IV), tumor growth was inhibited by 87% (P = 0.0002, vs ESC8-SLN; 10 mg/kg/day, ×14 days, p.o). ESC8-SLN tumor growth inhibition was associated with increased expression of p21 and Caspase-9; as well as by inhibition of EGFR, Slug, p-Akt1, Vimentin, NFkβ, and IKKγ. These results show the promise of ESC8 as an oral adjuvant or neoadjuvant against triple negative breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terrick Andey
- †Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, 19 Foster Street, Worcester, Massachusetts 01608, United States
| | - Godeshala Sudhakar
- ‡Biomaterials Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh 500007, India
| | - Srujan Marepally
- §Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine (inStem), NCBS-TIFR, UAS-GKVK, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560067, India
| | | | - Rajkumar Banerjee
- ‡Biomaterials Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh 500007, India
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Malhi S, Gu X. Nanocarrier-mediated drugs targeting cancer stem cells: an emerging delivery approach. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2015; 12:1177-201. [PMID: 25601619 DOI: 10.1517/17425247.2015.998648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cancer stem cells (CSCs) play an important role in the development of drug resistance, metastasis and recurrence. Current conventional therapies do not commonly target CSCs. Nanocarrier-based delivery systems targeting cancer cells have entered a new era of treatment, where specific targeting to CSCs may offer superior outcomes to efficient cancer therapies. AREAS COVERED This review discusses the involvement of CSCs in tumor progression and relevant mechanisms associated with CSCs resistance to conventional chemo- and radio-therapies. It highlights CSCs-targeted strategies that are either under evaluation or could be explored in the near future, with a focus on various nanocarrier-based delivery systems of drugs and nucleic acids to CSCs. Novel nanocarriers targeting CSCs are presented in a cancer-specific way to provide a current perspective on anti-CSCs therapeutics. EXPERT OPINION The field of CSCs-targeted therapeutics is still emerging with a few small molecules and macromolecules currently proving efficacy in clinical trials. However considering the complexities of CSCs and existing delivery difficulties in conventional anticancer therapies, CSC-specific delivery systems would face tremendous technical and clinical challenges. Nanocarrier-based approaches have demonstrated significant potential in specific drug delivery and targeting; their success in CSCs-targeted drug delivery would not only significantly enhance anticancer treatment but also address current difficulties associated with cancer resistance, metastasis and recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarandeep Malhi
- University of Manitoba, College of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences , 750 McDermot Avenue Winnipeg, MB R3E 0H5 , Canada
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Kantara C, O’Connell M, Luthra G, Gajjar A, Sarkar S, Ullrich R, Singh P. Methods for detecting circulating cancer stem cells (CCSCs) as a novel approach for diagnosis of colon cancer relapse/metastasis. J Transl Med 2015; 95:100-12. [PMID: 25347154 PMCID: PMC4281282 DOI: 10.1038/labinvest.2014.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2014] [Revised: 09/23/2014] [Accepted: 09/30/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are believed to be resistant to currently available therapies and may be responsible for relapse of cancer in patients. Measuring circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in the blood of patients has emerged as a non-invasive diagnostic procedure for screening patients who may be at high risk for developing metastatic cancers or relapse of the cancer disease. However, accurate detection of CTCs has remained a problem, as epithelial-cell markers used to date are not always reliable for detecting CTCs, especially during epithelial-mesenchymal transition. As CSCs are required to initiate metastatic tumors, our goal was to optimize and standardize a method for identifying circulating CSCs (CCSCs) in patients, using established CSC markers. Here, we report for the first time the detection of CCSCs in the blood of athymic nude mice, bearing metastatic tumors, and in the blood of patients positive for colonic adenocarcinomas. Using a simple and non-expensive method, we isolated a relatively pure population of CSCs (CD45-/CK19+), free of red blood cells and largely free of contaminating CD45+ white blood cells. Enriched CCSCs from patients with colon adenocarcinomas had a malignant phenotype and co-expressed CSC markers (DCLK1/LGR5) with CD44/Annexin A2. CSCs were not found in the blood of non-cancer patients, free of colonic growths. Enriched CCSCs from colon cancer patients grew primary spheroids, suggesting the presence of tumor-initiating cells in the blood of these patients. In conclusion, we have developed a novel diagnostic assay for detecting CSCs in circulation, which may more accurately predict the risk of relapse or metastatic disease in patients. As CSCs can potentially initiate metastatic growths, patients positive for CCSCs can be treated with inhibitory agents that selectively target CSCs, besides conventional treatments, to reduce the risk of relapse/metastatic disease for improving clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Kantara
- Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, utmbHealth, Galveston, TX
| | - Malaney O’Connell
- Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, utmbHealth, Galveston, TX
| | | | | | | | - Robert Ullrich
- Department of Radiation Oncology, utmbHealth, Galveston, TX
| | - Pomila Singh
- Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, utmbHealth, Galveston, TX
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Reddy TRK, Li C, Guo X, Fischer PM, Dekker LV. Design, synthesis and SAR exploration of tri-substituted 1,2,4-triazoles as inhibitors of the annexin A2-S100A10 protein interaction. Bioorg Med Chem 2014; 22:5378-91. [PMID: 25172147 PMCID: PMC4182301 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2014.07.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2014] [Revised: 07/18/2014] [Accepted: 07/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Recent target validation studies have shown that inhibition of the protein interaction between annexin A2 and the S100A10 protein may have potential therapeutic benefits in cancer. Virtual screening identified certain 3,4,5-trisubstituted 4H-1,2,4-triazoles as moderately potent inhibitors of this interaction. A series of analogues were synthesized based on the 1,2,4-triazole scaffold and were evaluated for inhibition of the annexin A2–S100A10 protein interaction in competitive binding assays. 2-[(5-{[(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)sulfanyl]methyl}-4-(furan-2-ylmethyl)-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)sulfanyl]-N-[4-(propan-2-yl)phenyl]acetamide (36) showed improved potency and was shown to disrupt the native complex between annexin A2 and S100A10.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tummala R K Reddy
- School of Pharmacy, Centre for Biomolecular Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Chan Li
- School of Pharmacy, Centre for Biomolecular Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Xiaoxia Guo
- School of Pharmacy, Centre for Biomolecular Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Peter M Fischer
- School of Pharmacy, Centre for Biomolecular Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Lodewijk V Dekker
- School of Pharmacy, Centre for Biomolecular Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom.
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