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Zhang W, He Y, Xing X, Wang Y, Li Q, Wang L, Zhu Y. In-depth insight into the effects of intrinsic calcium compounds on the pyrolysis of hazardous petrochemical sludge. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 455:131593. [PMID: 37172378 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
To understand the potential effects of intrinsic calcium compounds on sludge pyrolysis, the pyrolysis behavior of petrochemical sludge (PS), calcium carbonate blend PS (CaPS), and decalcified PS (DePS) were investigated using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and in-situ Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy coupled with pyrolysis-gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS). The TGA results indicated that decalcification increased and decreased the energy barriers of PS decomposition in ranges 200-350 °C and 350-600 °C, respectively. In contrast, copyrolysis with CaCO3 decreased the activation energy (E) of the pseudoreaction phase 2 (PH2) and altered the mechanism model. Meanwhile, during copyrolysis, char deposition and interaction hindered CaCO3 decomposition. The two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy results, on the other hand, showed that the reaction priority of O-containing groups and CH- vibration of methyl groups were affected by both decalcification and CaCO3 copyrolysis. The Py-GC/MS results indicated that the three sludges mainly released hydrocarbons, N-containing organics, alcohols, aldehydes, and acids. During pyrolysis, CaCO3 also played a neutralization role, which reduced the release of pyrolytic acidic products. In addition, the increase of the pyrolysis temperature increased the hydrocarbon content. This research will guide the industrial application of sludge pyrolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqi Zhang
- School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Organic solid wastes deeply treatment and hydrogen production, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yahui He
- School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Organic solid wastes deeply treatment and hydrogen production, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xinxin Xing
- School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Organic solid wastes deeply treatment and hydrogen production, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yinfeng Wang
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Organic solid wastes deeply treatment and hydrogen production, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Qiyuan Li
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales (UNSW), Kensington, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Lei Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuezhao Zhu
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Organic solid wastes deeply treatment and hydrogen production, Jiangsu, China
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Ly HV, Kwon B, Kim J, Oh C, Hwang HT, Lee JS, Kim SS. Effects of torrefaction on product distribution and quality of bio-oil from food waste pyrolysis in N 2 and CO 2. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2022; 141:16-26. [PMID: 35085867 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2022.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Waste food utilization to produce bio-oil through pyrolysis has received increasing attention. The feedstock can be utilized more efficiently as its properties are upgraded. In this work, the mixed food waste (MFW) was pretreated via torrefaction at moderate temperatures (250-275 °C) under an inert atmosphere before fast pyrolysis. The pyrolysis of torrified MFW (T-MFW) was performed in a bubbling fluidized-bed reactor (FBR) to study the influence of torrefaction on the pyrolysis product distribution and bio-oil compositions. The highest liquid yield of 39.54 wt% was observed at a pyrolysis temperature of 450℃. The torrefaction has a significant effect on the pyrolysis process of MFW. After torrefaction, the higher heating values (HHVs) of the pyrolysis bio-oils (POs) ranged from 31.51 to 34.34 MJ/kg, which were higher than those of bio-oils from raw MFW (27.69-31.58 MJ/kg). The POs mainly contained aliphatic hydrocarbons (alkenes and ketones), phenolic, and N-containing derivatives. The pyrolysis of T-MFW was also carried out under the CO2 atmosphere. The application of CO2 as a carrier gas resulted in a decrease in the liquid yield and an increase in the gas product yield. In addition, the carbon and nitrogen content of POs increased, whereas the oxygen was reduced via the release of moisture and CO. Using CO2 in pyrolysis inhibited the generation of nitriles derivatives in POs, which are harmful to the environment. These results indicated that the application of CO2 to the thermal treatment of T-MFW could be feasible in energy production as well as environmental pollution control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoang Vu Ly
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kangwon National University, 346, Joongang-ro, Samcheok, Gangwon-do 25913, Korea; Department of Chemical Engineering (Integrated Engineering), Kyung Hee University, 1732 Daegyeong-daero, Giheung-gu, Yongin, Gyeonggi-do 17104, Korea
| | - Byeongwan Kwon
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kangwon National University, 346, Joongang-ro, Samcheok, Gangwon-do 25913, Korea
| | - Jinsoo Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering (Integrated Engineering), Kyung Hee University, 1732 Daegyeong-daero, Giheung-gu, Yongin, Gyeonggi-do 17104, Korea.
| | - Changho Oh
- Daekyung Esco, M-1903, 32, Songdowahak-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21984, Korea
| | - Hyun Tae Hwang
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Kentucky, 4810 Alben Barkley Drive, Paducah, KY 42002, USA
| | - Jung Suk Lee
- Department of Mechatronics, Inha Technical College, 100 Inha-Ro, Namgu, Incheon 22212, Korea
| | - Seung-Soo Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kangwon National University, 346, Joongang-ro, Samcheok, Gangwon-do 25913, Korea.
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Park C, Choi H, Andrew Lin KY, Kwon EE, Lee J. COVID-19 mask waste to energy via thermochemical pathway: Effect of Co-Feeding food waste. ENERGY (OXFORD, ENGLAND) 2021; 230:120876. [PMID: 33994654 PMCID: PMC8103777 DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2021.120876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
In this study, co-pyrolysis of single-use face mask (for the protection against COVID-19) and food waste was investigated for the purpose of energy and resource valorization of the waste materials. To this end, disposable face mask (a piece of personal protective equipment) was pyrolyzed to produce fuel-range chemicals. The pyrolytic gas evolved from the pyrolysis of the single-use face mask consisted primarily of non-condensable permanent hydrocarbons such as CH4, C2H4, C2H6, C3H6, and C3H8. An increase in pyrolysis temperature enhanced the non-condensable hydrocarbon yields. The pyrolytic gas had a HHV of >40 MJ kg-1. In addition, hydrocarbons with wider carbon number ranges (e.g., gasoline-, jet fuel-, diesel-, and motor oil-range hydrocarbons) were produced in the pyrolysis of the disposable face mask. The yields of the gasoline-, jet fuel-, and diesel-range hydrocarbons obtained from the single-use mask were highest at 973 K. The pyrolysis of the single-use face mask yielded 14.7 wt% gasoline-, 18.4 wt% jet fuel-, 34.1 wt% diesel-, and 18.1 wt% motor oil-range hydrocarbons. No solid char was produced via the pyrolysis of the disposable face mask. The addition of food waste to the pyrolysis feedstock led to the formation of char, but the presence of the single-use face mask did not affect the properties and energy content of the char. More H2 and less hydrocarbons were produced by co-feeding food waste in the pyrolysis of the disposable face mask. The results of this study can contribute to thermochemical management and utilization of everyday waste as a source of energy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chanyeong Park
- Department of Energy Systems Research, Ajou University, 206 World Cup-ro, Suwon, 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Heeyoung Choi
- Department of Environmental and Safety Engineering, Ajou University, 206 World Cup-ro, Suwon, 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Kun-Yi Andrew Lin
- Department of Environmental Engineering & Innovation and Development Center of Sustainable Agriculture, National Chung Hsing University, 250 Kuo-Kuang Road, Taichung, 402, Taiwan
| | - Eilhann E Kwon
- Department of Environment and Energy, Sejong University, 209 Neungdong-ro, Seoul, 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Jechan Lee
- Department of Energy Systems Research, Ajou University, 206 World Cup-ro, Suwon, 16499, Republic of Korea
- Department of Environmental and Safety Engineering, Ajou University, 206 World Cup-ro, Suwon, 16499, Republic of Korea
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Lin J, Sun S, Luo J, Cui C, Ma R, Fang L, Liu X. Effects of oxygen vacancy defect on microwave pyrolysis of biomass to produce high-quality syngas and bio-oil: Microwave absorption and in-situ catalytic. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2021; 128:200-210. [PMID: 34000690 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2021.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This paper proposed to use ferric oxide (Fe2O3) and ferroferric oxide (Fe3O4) as catalysts with both microwave absorption and catalytic properties. Carbon dioxide (CO2) was introduced as the reaction atmosphere to further improve the quality of biofuel produced by microwave pyrolysis of food waste (FW). The results showed the bio-gas yield and the syngas concentration (H2 + CO) increased to 70.34 wt% and 61.50 mol%, respectively, using Fe3O4 as the catalyst. The content of aliphatic hydrocarbons in bio-oil produced with the catalyst Fe2O3 increased to 67.48% and the heating value reached 30.45 MJ/kg. Compared with Fe2O3 catalyst, Fe3O4 exhibited better microwave absorption properties and catalytic properties. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) characterizations confirmed that the crystal surface of Fe3O4 formed more oxygen vacancy defects and unpaired electrons. Additionally, according to the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis, the content of lattice oxygen in Fe3O4 was 14.11%, a value that was much lower than Fe2O3 (38.54%). The oxygen vacancy defects not only improved the efficient utilization of microwave energy but also provided the reactive sites for the reaction between the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and CO2 to generate CO. This paper provides a new perspective for selecting catalysts that have both microwave absorption and catalytic properties during the microwave pyrolysis of biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhao Lin
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Shichang Sun
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; Research Center for Water Science and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, 518055, China
| | - Juan Luo
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Chongwei Cui
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China.
| | - Rui Ma
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
| | - Lin Fang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Xiangli Liu
- Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of Aerospace Detection and Imaging, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518055, China
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Wong SL, Nyakuma BB, Nordin AH, Lee CT, Ngadi N, Wong KY, Oladokun O. Uncovering the dynamics in global carbon dioxide utilization research: a bibliometric analysis (1995-2019). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:13842-13860. [PMID: 33196996 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-11643-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The anthropogenic emission of carbon dioxide (CO2) into the atmosphere is recognized as the main contributor to global climate change. To date, scientists have developed various strategies, including CO2 utilization technologies, to reduce global carbon emissions. This paper presents the global scientific landscape of the CO2 utilization research from 1995 to 2019 based on a bibliometric analysis of 1875 publications extracted from Web of Science. The findings indicate a major increase in the number of publications and citations received from 2015 to 2019, denoting a fast-emerging research trend. The dynamics of global CO2 utilization research is partly driven by China's policies and research funding to promote low-carbon economic development. Applied Energy is recognized as a core journal in this research topic. The utilization of CO2 is a multidisciplinary topic that has progressed by multidimensional collaborations at the country and organizations levels, while the formation of co-authorship networks at the individual level is mostly influenced by the authors' affiliations. Keyword co-occurrence analysis reveals a rapid evolution in the CO2 utilization strategies from chemical fixation in carbonates and epoxides to pilot-scale testing of power-to-gas technologies in Europe and the USA. The development of efficient power-to-fuel technologies and biological utilization routes (using microalgae and bacteria) will probably be the next research priorities in CO2 utilization research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syie Luing Wong
- School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Bemgba Bevan Nyakuma
- School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Abu Hassan Nordin
- School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Chew Tin Lee
- School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia
- Innovation Centre in Agri-Technology for Advanced Bioprocess, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Pagoh, 84600, Pagoh, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Norzita Ngadi
- School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia.
| | - Keng Yinn Wong
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Olagoke Oladokun
- School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia
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Kumar H, Bhardwaj K, Sharma R, Nepovimova E, Kuča K, Dhanjal DS, Verma R, Bhardwaj P, Sharma S, Kumar D. Fruit and Vegetable Peels: Utilization of High Value Horticultural Waste in Novel Industrial Applications. Molecules 2020; 25:E2812. [PMID: 32570836 PMCID: PMC7356603 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25122812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2020] [Revised: 06/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Fruits and vegetables are the highly used food products amongst the horticultural crops. These items are consumed uncooked, nominally cooked or fully cooked, according to their nature and cooking process. With the change in diet habits and rising population, the production, as well as the processing of horticultural crops, has exponentially improved to meet its increasing demand. A large amount of peel waste is generated from fruit and vegetable-based industries and household kitchen and has led to a big nutritional and economic loss and environmental problems. Processing of fruits and vegetables alone generates a significant waste, which amounts to 25-30% of the total product. Most common wastes include pomace, peels, rind and seeds, which are highly rich in valuable bioactive compounds such as carotenoids, enzymes, polyphenols, oils, vitamins and many other compounds. These bioactive compounds show their application in various industries such as food to develop edible films, food industries for probiotics and other industries for valuable products. The utilization of these low-cost waste horticultural wastes for producing the value-added product is a novel step in its sustainable utilization. The present review intends to summarize the different types of waste originating from fruits as well as vegetables peels and highlight their potential in developing edible films, probiotics, nanoparticles, carbon dots, microbial media, biochar and biosorbents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harsh Kumar
- School of Bioengineering & Food Technology, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan-173229, India; (H.K.); (R.S.); (S.S.)
| | - Kanchan Bhardwaj
- School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan-173229, India; (K.B.); (R.V.); (P.B.)
| | - Ruchi Sharma
- School of Bioengineering & Food Technology, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan-173229, India; (H.K.); (R.S.); (S.S.)
| | - Eugenie Nepovimova
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, 50003 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic;
| | - Kamil Kuča
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, 50003 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic;
| | - Daljeet Singh Dhanjal
- School of Biotechnology and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara-144411, Punjab, India;
| | - Rachna Verma
- School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan-173229, India; (K.B.); (R.V.); (P.B.)
| | - Prerna Bhardwaj
- School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan-173229, India; (K.B.); (R.V.); (P.B.)
| | - Somesh Sharma
- School of Bioengineering & Food Technology, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan-173229, India; (H.K.); (R.S.); (S.S.)
| | - Dinesh Kumar
- School of Bioengineering & Food Technology, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan-173229, India; (H.K.); (R.S.); (S.S.)
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Lee DJ, Jeong KH, Lee DH, Lee SH, Jung MW, Jang YN, Jo GG, Kwag JH, Yi H, Park YK, Kwon EE. Catalytic pyrolysis of swine manure using CO 2 and steel slag. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2019; 133:105204. [PMID: 31639602 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.105204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Revised: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Pyrolysis of swine manure (SM) was conducted as a case study to establish an environmentally sound management of livestock manure. To build a more renewable pyrolysis platform for SM, this study selected carbon dioxide (CO2) as the reaction medium. In addition, CO2 was used in pyrolysis of SM to restrict the formation of toxic compounds, such as benzene derivatives and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). A series of thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA) tests was done to understand the thermolysis of SM in the CO2 environment. The TGA tests elucidated no occurrence of heterogeneous reactions between the SM sample and the CO2. Moreover, the TGA tests of SM suggested that SM contains more volatile matter (VM) than lignocellulosic biomass. Non-catalytic transesterification of SM lipids confirmed that the dried SM sample contained 8.85 ± 0.05 wt% of lipids. This study also confirmed that the mechanistic role of CO2 was realized through the gas phase reactions between volatile pyrolysates evolved from the thermolysis of SM and CO2. In summary, CO2 donates O, enhancing the generation of CO through homogeneous reactions. In parallel, this study confirmed that CO2 suppress dehydrogenation. Therefore, the identified gas phase reactions between volatile pyrolysates and CO2 led to the compositional modifications in the condensable pyrolysates. However, such mechanistic features arising from CO2 only initiated at ≥520 °C. To expedite the reaction kinetics of the homogeneous reaction triggered by CO2, steel slag (SS) was used as a catalyst. Hence, the reaction kinetics associated with the mechanistic role of CO2 were substantially enhanced (up to 80%) when SS was used as a catalyst. Therefore, all experimental findings strongly suggest that CO2 can be utilized as a raw material in a thermo-chemical process. More importantly, all observations suggest that CO2 lopping can also be achieved in a thermo-chemical process. Lastly, this study shows that the high Cu content in SM was effectively immobilized through pyrolysis. Conclusively, this study experimentally proved that CO2 could be promising for restricting the formation of toxic pollutant in the thermo-chemical treatment in that CO2 offers an innovative and strategic means for controlling the ratio of C to H. Note that aromaticity and toxicity of chemical compounds are highly contingent on the ratio of C to H.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Jun Lee
- Department of Environment and Energy, Sejong University, Seoul 05005, Republic of Korea; Department of Animal Environment, National Institute of Animal Science (NIAS), Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang-Hwa Jeong
- Department of Animal Environment, National Institute of Animal Science (NIAS), Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Hyun Lee
- Department of Animal Environment, National Institute of Animal Science (NIAS), Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Hyoun Lee
- Department of Animal Environment, National Institute of Animal Science (NIAS), Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Woong Jung
- Department of Animal Environment, National Institute of Animal Science (NIAS), Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu-Na Jang
- Department of Animal Environment, National Institute of Animal Science (NIAS), Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Gwang-Gon Jo
- Department of Animal Environment, National Institute of Animal Science (NIAS), Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Hoon Kwag
- Department of Animal Environment, National Institute of Animal Science (NIAS), Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Haakrho Yi
- Gwangyang Research Group, Research Institute of Industrial Science and Technology, Gwangyang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Kwon Park
- School of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul 02504, Republic of Korea.
| | - Eilhann E Kwon
- Department of Environment and Energy, Sejong University, Seoul 05005, Republic of Korea.
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Kwon EE, Kim S, Lee J. Pyrolysis of waste feedstocks in CO2 for effective energy recovery and waste treatment. J CO2 UTIL 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcou.2019.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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9
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Cho DW, Tsang DCW, Kim S, Kwon EE, Kwon G, Song H. Thermochemical conversion of cobalt-loaded spent coffee grounds for production of energy resource and environmental catalyst. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 270:346-351. [PMID: 30243241 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.09.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Revised: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/08/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Thermochemical conversion of cobalt (Co)-loaded lignin-rich spent coffee grounds (COSCG) was carried out to find the appropriate pyrolytic conditions (atmospheric gas and pyrolytic time) for syngas production (H2 and CO) and fabricate Co-biochar catalyst (CBC) in one step. The use of CO2 as atmospheric gas and 110-min pyrolytic time was optimal for generation of H2 (∼1.6 mol% in non-isothermal pyrolysis for 50 min) and CO (∼4.7 mol% in isothermal pyrolysis for 60 min) during thermochemical process of COSCG. The physicochemical properties of CBC fabricated using optimized pyrolytic conditions for syngas production were scrutinized using various analytical instruments (FE-SEM, TEM, XRD, and XPS). The characterizations exhibited that the catalyst consisted of metallic Co and surface wrinkled carbon layers. As a case study, the catalytic capability of CBC was tested by reducing p-nitrophenol (PNP), and the reaction kinetics of PNP in the presence of CBC was measured from 0.04 to 0.12 s-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Wan Cho
- Department of Environment and Energy, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Daniel C W Tsang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Sohyun Kim
- Department of Environment and Energy, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Eilhann E Kwon
- Department of Environment and Energy, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Gihoon Kwon
- Department of Environment and Energy, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Hocheol Song
- Department of Environment and Energy, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea.
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Choi D, Kim H, Lee SS, Nam IH, Lee J, Kim KH, Kwon EE. Enhanced accessibility of carbon in pyrolysis of brown coal using carbon dioxide. J CO2 UTIL 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcou.2018.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Tan Z, Ye Z, Zhang L, Huang Q. Application of the 15N tracer method to study the effect of pyrolysis temperature and atmosphere on the distribution of biochar nitrogen in the biomass-biochar-plant system. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 622-623:79-87. [PMID: 29202371 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.11.341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Revised: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Biochar nitrogen is key to improving soil fertility, but the distribution of biochar nitrogen in the biomass-biochar-plant system is still unclear. To provide clarity, the 15N tracer method was utilised to study the distribution of biochar nitrogen in the biochar both before and after its addition to the soil. The results can be summarised as follows. 1) The retention rate of 15N in biochar decreases from 45.23% to 20.09% with increasing pyrolysis temperature from 400 to 800°C in a CO2 atmosphere. 2) The retention rate of 15N in biochar prepared in a CO2 atmosphere is higher than that prepared in a N2 atmosphere when the pyrolysis temperature is below 600°C. 3) Not only can biochar N slowly facilitate the adsorption of N by plants but the addition of biochar to the soil can also promote the supply of soil nitrogen to the plant; in contrast, the direct return of wheat straw biomass to the soil inhibits the absorption of soil N by plants. 4) In addition, the distribution of nitrogen was clarified; that is, when biochar was prepared by the pyrolysis of wheat straw at 400°C in a CO2 atmosphere, the biochar retained 45.23% N, and after the addition of this biochar to the soil, 39.99% of N was conserved in the biochar residue, 4.55% was released into the soil, and 0.69% was contained in the wheat after growth for 31days. Therefore, this study very clearly shows the distribution of nitrogen in the biomass-biochar-plant system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongxin Tan
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China.
| | - Zhixiong Ye
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Limei Zhang
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Qiaoyun Huang
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
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Lee SR, Lee J, Lee T, Tsang YF, Jeong KH, Oh JI, Kwon EE. Strategic use of CO 2 for co-pyrolysis of swine manure and coal for energy recovery and waste disposal. J CO2 UTIL 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcou.2017.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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