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A Comparative View on Molecular Alterations and Potential Therapeutic Strategies for Canine Oral Melanoma. Vet Sci 2021; 8:vetsci8110286. [PMID: 34822659 PMCID: PMC8619620 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci8110286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Canine oral melanoma (COM) is a highly aggressive tumour associated with poor prognosis due to metastasis and resistance to conventional anti-cancer therapies. As with human mucosal melanoma, the mutational landscape is predominated by copy number aberrations and chromosomal structural variants, but differences in study cohorts and/or tumour heterogeneity can lead to discordant results regarding the nature of specific genes affected. This review discusses somatic molecular alterations in COM that result from single nucleotide variations, copy number changes, chromosomal rearrangements, and/or dysregulation of small non-coding RNAs. A cross-species comparison highlights notable recurrent aberrations, and functionally grouping dysregulated proteins reveals unifying biological pathways that may be critical for oncogenesis and metastasis. Finally, potential therapeutic strategies are considered to target these pathways in canine patients, and the benefits of collaboration between science, medical, and veterinary communities are emphasised.
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Garden OA, Volk SW, Mason NJ, Perry JA. Companion animals in comparative oncology: One Medicine in action. Vet J 2018; 240:6-13. [PMID: 30268334 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2018.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Revised: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Comparative oncology is poised to have a far-reaching impact on both animals and human beings with cancer. The field is gaining momentum and has repeatedly proven its utility in various aspects of oncology, including study of the genetics, development, progression, immunology and therapy of cancer. Companion animals provide many advantages over both traditional rodent models and human beings for studying cancer biology and accelerating the development of novel anti-cancer therapies. In this review, several examples of the ability of companion animals with spontaneous cancers to fill a unique niche in the field of oncology are discussed. In addition, potential caveats of the use of companion animals in research are reviewed, as well as ethical considerations and efforts to standardize veterinary clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- O A Garden
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Advanced Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| | - S W Volk
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Advanced Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - N J Mason
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Advanced Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - J A Perry
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Advanced Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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SAITO TERUYOSHI, TAMURA DAI, NAKAMURA TATSURO, MAKITA YUKIHISA, ARIYAMA HITOMI, KOMIYAMA KEIJI, YOSHIHARA TOMOKO, ASANO RYUJI. 4-Methylumbelliferone leads to growth arrest and apoptosis in canine mammary tumor cells. Oncol Rep 2012; 29:335-42. [DOI: 10.3892/or.2012.2100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2012] [Accepted: 09/26/2012] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Zhao P, Astruc D. Docetaxel nanotechnology in anticancer therapy. ChemMedChem 2012; 7:952-72. [PMID: 22517723 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201200052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2012] [Revised: 03/16/2012] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Taxanes have been recognized as a family of very efficient anticancer drugs, but the formulation in use for the two main taxanes-Taxol for paclitaxel and Taxotere for docetaxel-have shown dramatic side effects. Whereas several new formulations for paclitaxel have recently appeared, such as Abraxane and others currently in various phases of clinical trials, there is no new formulation in clinical trials for the other main taxane, docetaxel, except BIND-014, a polymeric nanoparticle, which recently entered phase I clinical testing. Therefore, we review herein the state of the art and recent abundance in published results of academic approaches toward nanotechnology-based drug-delivery systems containing nanocarriers and targeting agents for docetaxel formulations. These efforts will certainly enrich the spectrum of docetaxel treatments in the near future. Taxotere's systemic toxicity, low water solubility, and other side effects are significant problems that must be overcome. To avoid the limitations of docetaxel in clinical use, researchers have developed efficient drug-delivery assemblies that consist of a nanocarrier, a targeting agent, and the drug. A wide variety of such engineered nanosystems have been shown to transport and eventually vectorize docetaxel more efficiently than Taxotere in vitro, in vivo, and in pre-clinical administration. Recent progress in drug vectorization has involved a combined therapy and diagnostic ("theranostic") approach in a single drug-delivery vector and could significantly improve the efficiency of such an anticancer drug as well as other drug types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengxiang Zhao
- ISM, UMR CNRS No. 5255, Univ. Bordeaux, 33405 Talence Cedex, France
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Guedan S, Rojas JJ, Gros A, Mercade E, Cascallo M, Alemany R. Hyaluronidase expression by an oncolytic adenovirus enhances its intratumoral spread and suppresses tumor growth. Mol Ther 2010; 18:1275-83. [PMID: 20442708 DOI: 10.1038/mt.2010.79] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Successful virotherapy requires efficient virus spread within tumors. We tested whether the expression of hyaluronidase, an enzyme which dissociates the extracellular matrix (ECM), could enhance the intratumoral distribution of an oncolytic adenovirus and improve its therapeutic activity. As a proof of concept, we demonstrated that intratumoral coadministration of hyaluronidase in mice-bearing tumor xenografts improves the antitumor activity of an oncolytic adenovirus. Next, we constructed a replication-competent adenovirus expressing a soluble form of the human sperm hyaluronidase (PH20) under the control of the major late promoter (MLP) (AdwtRGD-PH20). Intratumoral treatment of human melanoma xenografts with AdwtRGD-PH20 resulted in degradation of hyaluronan (HA), enhanced viral distribution, and induced tumor regression in all treated tumors. Finally, the PH20 cDNA was inserted in an oncolytic adenovirus that selectively kills pRb pathway-defective tumor cells. The antitumoral activity of the novel oncolytic adenovirus expressing PH20 (ICOVIR17) was compared to that of the parental virus ICOVIR15. ICOVIR17 showed more antitumor efficacy following intratumoral and systemic administration in mice with prestablished tumors, along with an improved spread of the virus within the tumor. Importantly, a single intravenous dose of ICOVIR17 induced tumor regression in 60% of treated tumors. These results indicate that ICOVIR17 is a promising candidate for clinical testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Guedan
- Translational Research Laboratory, IDIBELL-Institut Català d'Oncologia, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
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Paltian V, Alldinger S, Baumgärtner W, Wohlsein P. Expression of CD44 in Canine Mammary Tumours. J Comp Pathol 2009; 141:237-47. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2009.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2008] [Revised: 04/30/2009] [Accepted: 05/12/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Zanna G, Fondevila D, Bardagí M, Docampo MJ, Bassols A, Ferrer L. Cutaneous mucinosis in shar-pei dogs is due to hyaluronic acid deposition and is associated with high levels of hyaluronic acid in serum. Vet Dermatol 2008; 19:314-8. [PMID: 18786151 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3164.2008.00703.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Cutaneous mucinosis affects primarily shar-pei dogs. Hyaluronic acid (HA) is considered to be the main component of mucin and CD44 is the major cell surface receptor of HA, necessary for its uptake and catabolism. The aims of this study were to identify the composition of the mucin in cutaneous mucinosis of shar-pei dogs, investigate the correlation between the deposition of HA and the expression of CD44, and determine whether shar-pei dogs with cutaneous mucinosis presented with elevated levels of serum HA. In skin biopsies, the mucinous material was stained intensely with Alcian blue and bound strongly by the hyaluronan-binding protein. No correlation was found between the degree of HA deposition in the dermis and the expression of CD44 in the skin of shar-pei dogs affected or unaffected by cutaneous mucinosis. A clear positive correlation was found between the existence of clinical mucinosis and the serum HA concentration. In control dogs, serum HA ranged from 155.53 to 301.62 microg L(-1) in shar-pei dogs; without mucinosis it ranged from 106.72 to 1251.76 microg L(-1) and in shar-pei dogs with severe mucinosis it ranged between 843.51 to 2330.03 microg L(-1). Altogether, the results reported here suggest that mucinosis of shar-pei dogs is probably the consequence of a genetic defect in the metabolism of HA.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Zanna
- Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
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Abstract
Cutaneous canine melanomas are usually benign in contrast to human malignant melanoma. However, the canine oropharyngeal, uveal, and mucocutaneous neoplasms are aggressive and have metastatic potential. Surgery and to a lesser extent radiotherapy and chemotherapy are widely adopted treatments but are seldom curative in advanced stages. The similarities between human and canine melanoma make spontaneous canine melanoma an excellent disease model for exploring novel therapies. Herein, we report the first 2 adenovector CD40L immunogene (AdCD40L) treatments of aggressive canine malignant melanoma. Case no. 1 was an advanced stage III oral melanoma that was cured from malignant melanoma with 2 intratumor AdCD40L injections before cytoreductive surgery. After treatment, the tumor tissue was infiltrated with T lymphocytes and B lymphocytes suggesting immune activation. This dog survived 401 days after the first round of gene therapy and was free of melanoma at autopsy. Case no. 2 had a conjunctival malignant melanoma with a rapid progression. This case was treated with 6 AdCD40L injections over 60 days. One hundred and twenty days after start of gene therapy and 60 days after the last injection, the tumor had regressed dramatically, and the dog had a minimal tumor mass and no signs of progression or metastasis. Our results indicate that AdCD40L immunogene therapy is beneficial in canine malignant melanoma and could be considered for human malignant melanoma as well.
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Silver DL, Hou L, Somerville R, Young ME, Apte SS, Pavan WJ. The secreted metalloprotease ADAMTS20 is required for melanoblast survival. PLoS Genet 2008; 4:e1000003. [PMID: 18454205 PMCID: PMC2265537 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1000003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2007] [Accepted: 01/22/2008] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
ADAMTS20 (Adisintegrin-like and metalloprotease domain with thrombospondin type-1 motifs) is a member of a family of secreted metalloproteases that can process a variety of extracellular matrix (ECM) components and secreted molecules. Adamts20 mutations in belted (bt) mice cause white spotting of the dorsal and ventral torso, indicative of defective neural crest (NC)-derived melanoblast development. The expression pattern of Adamts20 in dermal mesenchymal cells adjacent to migrating melanoblasts led us to initially propose that Adamts20 regulated melanoblast migration. However, using a Dct-LacZ transgene to track melanoblast development, we determined that melanoblasts were distributed normally in whole mount E12.5 bt/bt embryos, but were specifically reduced in the trunk of E13.5 bt/bt embryos due to a seven-fold higher rate of apoptosis. The melanoblast defect was exacerbated in newborn skin and embryos from bt/bt animals that were also haploinsufficient for Adamts9, a close homolog of Adamts20, indicating that these metalloproteases functionally overlap in melanoblast development. We identified two potential mechanisms by which Adamts20 may regulate melanoblast survival. First, skin explant cultures demonstrated that Adamts20 was required for melanoblasts to respond to soluble Kit ligand (sKitl). In support of this requirement, bt/bt;Kit(tm1Alf)/+ and bt/bt;Kitl(Sl)/+ mice exhibited synergistically increased spotting. Second, ADAMTS20 cleaved the aggregating proteoglycan versican in vitro and was necessary for versican processing in vivo, raising the possibility that versican can participate in melanoblast development. These findings reveal previously unrecognized roles for Adamts proteases in cell survival and in mediating Kit signaling during melanoblast colonization of the skin. Our results have implications not only for understanding mechanisms of NC-derived melanoblast development but also provide insights on novel biological functions of secreted metalloproteases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debra L. Silver
- Genetic Disease Research Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Ling Hou
- Genetic Disease Research Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Robert Somerville
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic Foundation-ND20, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Mary E. Young
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic Foundation-ND20, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Suneel S. Apte
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic Foundation-ND20, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - William J. Pavan
- Genetic Disease Research Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
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Docampo MJ, Rabanal RM, Miquel-Serra L, Hernández D, Domenzain C, Bassols A. Altered expression of versican and hyaluronan in melanocytic tumors of dogs. Am J Vet Res 2007; 68:1376-85. [DOI: 10.2460/ajvr.68.12.1376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Ganesh T. Improved biochemical strategies for targeted delivery of taxoids. Bioorg Med Chem 2007; 15:3597-623. [PMID: 17419065 PMCID: PMC2374751 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2007.03.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2006] [Revised: 03/13/2007] [Accepted: 03/14/2007] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Paclitaxel (Taxol) and docetaxel (Taxotere) are very important anti-tumor drugs in clinical use for cancer. However, their clinical utility is limited due to systemic toxicity, low solubility and inactivity against drug resistant tumors. To improve chemotherapeutic levels of these drugs, it would be highly desirable to design strategies which bypass the above limitations. In this respect various prodrug and drug targeting strategies have been envisioned either to improve oral bioavailability or tumor specific delivery of taxoids. Abnormal properties of cancer cells with respect to normal cells have guided in designing of these protocols. This review article records the designed biochemical strategies and their biological efficacies as potential taxoid chemotherapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thota Ganesh
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, 1515 Dickey Drive, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
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Jing XN, Zhang L, Wang Y, Mao HT, Wen PE, Li DH, Cui SL, Gu HT. Inhibitory and apoptosis-inducing effects of CD44 antisense oligodeoxyribonucleotides on human gastric cancer cell line MGC80-3. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2004; 12:2551-2554. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v12.i11.2551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To study the role and mechanism of antisense oligodeoxyribonucleotides (ASODN) on proliferation and apoptosis of MGC80-3 cells.
METHODS: Flow cytometry was used to detect CD44, Fas expression and apoptosis of MGC80-3 cells. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay was used to examine CD44 mRNA level; MTT assay was used to detect cell proliferation.
RESULTS: CD44 mRNA and CD44 protein expression in MGC80-3 cells was blocked and down-regulated after transfected with CD44ASODN (1.6 μmol/L). CD44ASODN inhibited the growth of MGC80-3 cells with depression ratios of 31.0%, 46.3% (P < 0.01), and 49.6% (P < 0.01) at 48 h, 72 h, and 96 h respectively in a time-dependant manner. With the existence of hyaluronic acid, CD44ASODN improved Fas expression in MGC80-3 cells from 6.7% to 16.8% (P < 0.01). At the same time, it enhanced the susceptibility of MGC80-3 cells to Fas mAb and the apoptotic rate of the cells increased from 0% to 26.5% (P < 0.01).
CONCLUSION: CD44ASODN can down-regulate the expression of CD44 mRNA and protein, inhibit MGC80-3 cell proliferation and promote apoptosis induced by Fas mAb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Ning Jing
- Institute of Basic Medicine, Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Jinan 250062, Shandong Province, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Institute of Basic Medicine, Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Jinan 250062, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yun Wang
- Institute of Basic Medicine, Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Jinan 250062, Shandong Province, China
| | - Hai-Ting Mao
- Institute of Basic Medicine, Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Jinan 250062, Shandong Province, China
| | - Pei-E Wen
- Institute of Basic Medicine, Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Jinan 250062, Shandong Province, China
| | - Deng-Hua Li
- Institute of Basic Medicine, Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Jinan 250062, Shandong Province, China
| | - Shu-Ling Cui
- Institute of Basic Medicine, Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Jinan 250062, Shandong Province, China
| | - Hong-Tao Gu
- Institute of Basic Medicine, Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Jinan 250062, Shandong Province, China
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