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Hulaniuk ML, Mojsiejczuk L, Jauk F, Remondegui C, Mammana L, Bouzas MB, Zapiola I, Ferro MV, Ajalla C, Blejer J, Alter A, Acevedo ME, Rodríguez E, Fernández R, Bartoli S, Volonteri V, Kohan D, Elsner B, Bürgesser MV, Reynaud AL, Sánchez M, González C, García Rivello H, Corach D, Caputo M, Trinks J. Genetic diversity and phylogeographic analysis of human herpesvirus type 8 (HHV-8) in two distant regions of Argentina: Association with the genetic ancestry of the population. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2020; 85:104523. [PMID: 32890766 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2020.104523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The genetic diversity of persistent infectious agents, such as HHV-8, correlates closely with the migration of modern humans out of East Africa which makes them useful to trace human migrations. However, there is scarce data about the evolutionary history of HHV-8 particularly in multiethnic Latin American populations. OBJECTIVES The aims of this study were to characterize the genetic diversity and the phylogeography of HHV-8 in two distant geographic regions of Argentina, and to establish potential associations with pathogenic conditions and the genetic ancestry of the population. STUDY DESIGN A total of 101 HIV-1 infected subjects, 93 Kaposi's Sarcoma (KS) patients and 411 blood donors were recruited in the metropolitan (MET) and north-western regions of Argentina (NWA). HHV-8 DNA was detected by ORF-26 PCR in whole blood, saliva and FFPE tissues. Then, ORF-26 and ORF-K1 were analyzed for subtype assignment. Mitochondrial DNA and Y chromosome haplogroups, as well as autosomal ancestry markers were evaluated in samples in which subtypes could be assigned. Phylogeographic analysis was performed in the ORF-K1 sequences from this study combined with 388 GenBank sequences. RESULTS HHV-8 was detected in 50.7%, 59.2% and 8% of samples from HIV-1 infected subjects, KS patients and blood donors, respectively. ORF-K1 phylogenetic analyses showed that subtypes A (A1-A5), B1, C (C1-C3) and F were present in 46.9%, 6.25%, 43.75% and 3.1% of cases, respectively. Analyses of ORF-26 fragment revealed that 81.95% of strains were subtypes A/C followed by J, B2, R, and K. The prevalence of subtype J was more commonly observed among KS patients when compared to the other groups. Among KS patients, subtype A/C was more commonly detected in MET whereas subtype J was the most frequent in NWA. Subtypes A/C was significantly associated with Native American maternal haplogroups (p = 0.004), whereas subtype J was related to non-Native American haplogroups (p < 0.0001). Sub-Saharan Africa, Europe and Latin America were the most probable locations from where HHV-8 was introduced to Argentina. CONCLUSIONS These results give evidence of the geographic circulation of HHV-8 in Argentina, suggest the association of ORF-26 subtype J with KS development and provide new insights about its relationship with ancient and modern human migrations and identify the possible origins of this virus in Argentina.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Laura Hulaniuk
- Instituto de Medicina Traslacional e Ingeniería Biomédica (IMTIB), CONICET, Instituto Universitario del Hospital Italiano (IUHI), Hospital Italiano (HIBA), Argentina
| | - Laura Mojsiejczuk
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Instituto de Investigaciones en Bacteriología y Virología Molecular (IBaViM), Buenos Aires, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina
| | - Federico Jauk
- Servicio de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Carlos Remondegui
- Servicio de Infectología y Medicina Tropical, Hospital San Roque, San Salvador de Jujuy, Argentina
| | - Lilia Mammana
- Unidad de Virología - División Análisis Clínicos, Hospital de Infecciosas "F. J. Muñiz", Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Belén Bouzas
- Unidad de Virología - División Análisis Clínicos, Hospital de Infecciosas "F. J. Muñiz", Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Inés Zapiola
- Unidad de Virología - División Análisis Clínicos, Hospital de Infecciosas "F. J. Muñiz", Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Verónica Ferro
- Servicio de Infectología y Medicina Tropical, Hospital San Roque, San Salvador de Jujuy, Argentina
| | - Claudia Ajalla
- Servicio de Infectología y Medicina Tropical, Hospital San Roque, San Salvador de Jujuy, Argentina
| | | | - Adriana Alter
- Fundación Hemocentro Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | | | | | - Sonia Bartoli
- Servicio de Hemoterapia, Hospital "Pablo Soria", San Salvador de Jujuy, Argentina
| | - Victoria Volonteri
- Servicio de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Dana Kohan
- Centro Privado de Patología, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Boris Elsner
- Centro Privado de Patología, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Ana Laura Reynaud
- Laboratorio de Patología y Citopatología, San Salvador de Jujuy, Argentina
| | - Marisa Sánchez
- Servicio de Infectología, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Carlos González
- Servicio de Hemoterapia, Hospital de Infecciosas "F. J. Muñiz", Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Hernán García Rivello
- Servicio de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Daniel Corach
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina; Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología, Biotecnología y Genética, Cátedra de Genética Forense y Servicio de Huellas Digitales Genéticas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mariela Caputo
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina; Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología, Biotecnología y Genética, Cátedra de Genética Forense y Servicio de Huellas Digitales Genéticas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Julieta Trinks
- Instituto de Medicina Traslacional e Ingeniería Biomédica (IMTIB), CONICET, Instituto Universitario del Hospital Italiano (IUHI), Hospital Italiano (HIBA), Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina.
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Pérez CL, Tous MI. Diversity of human herpesvirus 8 genotypes in patients with AIDS and non-AIDS associated Kaposi's sarcoma, Castleman's disease and primary effusion lymphoma in Argentina. J Med Virol 2017; 89:2020-2028. [PMID: 28617968 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.24876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2017] [Accepted: 06/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
HHV-8 genotypes are distributed heterogeneously worldwide. The variable K1 gene and the conserved ORF26E region serve to genotype. The aim of the study was to characterize HHV-8 isolates from patients with AIDS, classical, and iatrogenic KS, primary effusion lymphoma and Castleman's disease and one organ donor from Argentina by analysis of ORFK1 and ORF26E regions. DNA was extracted from fresh or paraffin embedded biopsies, blood, and saliva samples and submitted to HHV-8 PCR. Phylogenetic analyses of ORFK1 showed that subtypes C (C1, C2, and C3), B1 and A (A1, A2, and A3) were present in 70.8%, 16.7%, and 12.5% of cases, respectively. Analyses of ORF26E fragment revealed that most strains (45.8%) were subtype A/C while the remaining fall into K, J, B2, R, and D subtypes. Linkage between ORFK1-ORF26E subtypes corresponded to reported relationships, except for one strain that clustered with B1 (K1 African) and D (ORF26E Asian-Pacific) subtypes. This research reveals predominance of subtype C, a broad spectrum of HHV-8 genotypes and reports the first isolation of the African B genotype in Argentina.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celeste Luján Pérez
- Tissue Culture Service Virology Department INEI-ANLIS "Dr C G Malbrán", Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mónica I Tous
- Tissue Culture Service Virology Department INEI-ANLIS "Dr C G Malbrán", Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Starita N, Di Monta G, Cerasuolo A, Marone U, Anniciello AM, Botti G, Buonaguro L, Buonaguro FM, Tornesello ML. Effect of electrochemotherapy on human herpesvirus 8 kinetics in classic Kaposi sarcoma. Infect Agent Cancer 2017. [PMID: 28649271 PMCID: PMC5477158 DOI: 10.1186/s13027-017-0147-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Electrochemotherapy (ECT) has shown to be an effective treatment for cutaneous and subcutaneous Kaposi sarcoma (KS) lesions. However, no study has investigated the impact of ECT treatment on the kinetics of human herpesvirus type 8 (HHV8), which is considered the necessary causal agent of KS. We aimed to evaluate HHV8 viral load and expression levels in patients affected by classic KS who received one or more ECT treatments and have been followed semi annually for up to four years. METHODS A total of 27 classic KS patients were enrolled in this study. Tumour biopsies and blood samples were obtained before ECT treatment. Additional blood samples were collected at six month intervals for 12-48 months. HHV8 viral load and expression profiles of latent (ORF72 and ORF73) and lytic (K2, K8, K8.1, K10/K10.1, K10.5/K10.6 and ORF16) genes were assessed in all samples by real-time PCR. HHV8 ORF26 and K1 regions were amplified and subjected to direct nucleotide sequencing followed by phylogenetic analysis for variant identification. RESULTS All KS biopsies and 46.4% of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) collected before ECT treatment were positive for HHV8 DNA. Viral load ranged from 0.02 to 2.3 copies per cell in KS lesions and 3.0 × 10-7 to 6.9 × 10-4 copies per cell in PBMCs. Overall, latent ORF72 and ORF73 as well as lytic K2, K8 and K10/K10.1 were expressed in all KS biopsies. ORF16 mRNA was detected in 71.4% and both K8.1 and K10.5/K10.6 mRNAs in 57.1% of KS samples. The ORF72, ORF73 and K2 transcripts were amplified in 37.5%, 25% and 25% of PBMCs collected before ECT, respectively. After the first ECT session, complete response was achieved in 20 out of 27 (74.1%) patients and HHV8 DNA was detected in four out of 27 (14.8%) PBMC samples at six month follow up. Phylogenetic analysis of ORF26 amplimers showed that most viral variants belonged to A/C (82.3%), and few to C2 (5.9%) or C3 (11.8%) subtype. The K1/VR1 variants fell into A (33.3%) and C (66.7%) HHV8 clade. No correlation was found between HHV8 subtypes and ECT complete response. CONCLUSIONS ECT therapy has a significant effect on HHV8 kinetics in patients with classic KS. The complete remission of patients was accompanied by clearance of circulating virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noemy Starita
- Molecular Biology and Viral Oncology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS "Fond. G. Pascale", 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Gianluca Di Monta
- Department of Surgery "Melanoma, Soft Tissues, Head and Neck, Skin Cancers", Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS "Fond. G. Pascale", Naples, Italy
| | - Andrea Cerasuolo
- Molecular Biology and Viral Oncology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS "Fond. G. Pascale", 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Ugo Marone
- Department of Surgery "Melanoma, Soft Tissues, Head and Neck, Skin Cancers", Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS "Fond. G. Pascale", Naples, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Anniciello
- Department of Pathology, Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS "Fond. G. Pascale", Naples, Italy
| | - Gerardo Botti
- Department of Pathology, Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS "Fond. G. Pascale", Naples, Italy
| | - Luigi Buonaguro
- Molecular Biology and Viral Oncology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS "Fond. G. Pascale", 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Franco M Buonaguro
- Molecular Biology and Viral Oncology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS "Fond. G. Pascale", 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Lina Tornesello
- Molecular Biology and Viral Oncology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS "Fond. G. Pascale", 80131 Naples, Italy
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High Prevalence of Human Herpesvirus 8 Infection in Diabetes Type 2 Patients and Detection of a New Virus Subtype. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2016; 973:41-51. [PMID: 27864801 DOI: 10.1007/5584_2016_73] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
The prevalence of Human Herpesvirus 8 (HHV8) DNA and antiviral antibodies in Diabetes type 2 (DM2) and control subjects was studied, in order to confirm a possible link between DM2 and HHV8 infection. The HHV8-DNA from diabetic patients was typed for detecting possible genomic differences with known HHV8 reference viruses.DM2 patients and healthy controls were examined for the presence of HHV8 DNA into the peripheral blood lymphocytes. Both anti-lytic and latent phase antibodies were detected in HHV8 positive and negative diabetic patients, as well in a number of controls. The HHV8 ORF K1 and ORF 26 genes from DM2 patients were typed and matched to reference strains.A significant prevalence of HHV8 DNA in DM2 subjects versus healthy controls was detected (about 58 % against 27 %). Anti-lytic phase, but not anti-latent phase antibodies, were significantly increased in DM2 patients versus controls. In addition, about 30 % of HHV8 strains isolated from DM2 lymphocytes showed consistent differences in the ORF 26 gene sequence, so that a new HHV8 subtype was proposed. These findings give additional support to the hypothesis that HHV8 could be considered an additional risk factor for DM2 onset.
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Identification of Human Herpesvirus 8 Sequences in Conjunctiva Intraepithelial Neoplasia and Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Ugandan Patients. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:801353. [PMID: 26509162 PMCID: PMC4609772 DOI: 10.1155/2015/801353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2015] [Revised: 06/18/2015] [Accepted: 06/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The incidence of squamous cell carcinoma of the conjunctiva is particularly high in sub-Saharan Africa with temporal trends similar to those of Kaposi sarcoma (KS). Human herpesvirus type 8 (HHV8), has not yet been investigated in conjunctiva tumors. In this study biopsies and PBMCs of conjunctiva neoplasia patients along with nonneoplastic conjunctiva tissues have been analyzed for HHV8 sequences by PCR targeting ORF26. All amplimers were subjected to nucleotide sequencing followed by phylogenetic analysis. HHV8 DNA has been identified in 12 out of 48 (25%) HIV-positive, and in 2 out of 24 (8.3%) HIV-negative conjunctiva neoplastic tissues and in 4 out of 33 (12.1%) PBMC samples from conjunctiva neoplasia diseased patients as well as in 4 out of 60 (6.7%) nontumor conjunctiva tissues. The viral load ranged from 1 to 400 copies/105 cells. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the majority of HHV8 ORF26 amplimers clustered with subtypes R (n = 11) and B2 (n = 6). This variant distribution is in agreement with that of HHV8 variants previously identified in Ugandan KS cases. The presence of HHV8 in conjunctiva tumors from HIV-positive patients warrants further studies to test whether HHV8 products released by infected cells may have paracrine effects on the growth of conjunctiva lesions.
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Uppal T, Jha HC, Verma SC, Robertson ES. Chromatinization of the KSHV Genome During the KSHV Life Cycle. Cancers (Basel) 2015; 7:112-42. [PMID: 25594667 PMCID: PMC4381254 DOI: 10.3390/cancers7010112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2014] [Accepted: 01/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) belongs to the gamma herpesvirus family and is the causative agent of various lymphoproliferative diseases in humans. KSHV, like other herpesviruses, establishes life-long latent infection with the expression of a limited number of viral genes. Expression of these genes is tightly regulated by both the viral and cellular factors. Recent advancements in identifying the expression profiles of viral transcripts, using tilling arrays and next generation sequencing have identified additional coding and non-coding transcripts in the KSHV genome. Determining the functions of these transcripts will provide a better understanding of the mechanisms utilized by KSHV in altering cellular pathways involved in promoting cell growth and tumorigenesis. Replication of the viral genome is critical in maintaining the existing copies of the viral episomes during both latent and lytic phases of the viral life cycle. The replication of the viral episome is facilitated by viral components responsible for recruiting chromatin modifying enzymes and replication factors for altering the chromatin complexity and replication initiation functions, respectively. Importantly, chromatin modification of the viral genome plays a crucial role in determining whether the viral genome will persist as latent episome or undergo lytic reactivation. Additionally, chromatinization of the incoming virion DNA, which lacks chromatin structure, in the target cells during primary infection, helps in establishing latent infection. Here, we discuss the recent advancements on our understating of KSHV genome chromatinization and the consequences of chromatin modifications on viral life cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timsy Uppal
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Nevada, 1664 N Virginia Street, MS 320, Reno, NV 89557, USA.
| | - Hem C Jha
- Department of Microbiology and the Tumor Virology Program of the Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, 201E Johnson Pavilion, 3610 Hamilton Walk, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| | - Subhash C Verma
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Nevada, 1664 N Virginia Street, MS 320, Reno, NV 89557, USA.
| | - Erle S Robertson
- Department of Microbiology and the Tumor Virology Program of the Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, 201E Johnson Pavilion, 3610 Hamilton Walk, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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Xu H, Zhou P, Ti Y, Jia F. Quantitative assessment of the association between HDMX polymorphism and sarcoma. Cell Biochem Biophys 2014; 70:1671-6. [PMID: 24972690 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-014-0111-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
To investigate the effects of the HDMX polymorphism on sarcoma risk. Relevant studies were identified by searching the PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases. Data were extracted by two independent investigators. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using a fixed-effects model to assess the association between the HDMX polymorphism and sarcoma risk. We also conducted heterogeneity test, sensitivity analysis, and publication bias test. A meta-analysis of four published case-control studies involving 1,115 subjects (379 cases and 736 controls) showed no statistical association between the HDMX polymorphism and sarcoma risk (ORTT vs. GG 0.88, 95 % CI 0.68-1.14, P heterogeneity 0.819; ORTT + TG vs. GG 0.95, 95 % CI 0.79-1.15, P heterogeneity 0.937; ORTT vs. TG + GG 0.82, 95 % CI 0.65-1.04, P heterogeneity 0.589; ORT allele vs. G allele 0.91, 95 % CI 0.79-1.05, P heterogeneity 0.727; ORTG vs. GG 0.95, 95 % CI 0.74-1.22, P heterogeneity = 0.869). This null result did not alter when data were stratified according to ethnicity. Our meta-analysis indicates that the HDMX polymorphism is unlikely to contribute to individual susceptibility to sarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haidong Xu
- Department of Orthopedics of Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University, School of Medicine, 305 Zhongshan East Rd, Nanjing, 210002, China
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Ruocco E, Ruocco V, Tornesello ML, Gambardella A, Wolf R, Buonaguro FM. Kaposi's sarcoma: etiology and pathogenesis, inducing factors, causal associations, and treatments: facts and controversies. Clin Dermatol 2013; 31:413-422. [PMID: 23806158 PMCID: PMC7173141 DOI: 10.1016/j.clindermatol.2013.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Kaposi's sarcoma (KS), an angioproliferative disorder, has a viral etiology and a multifactorial pathogenesis hinged on an immune dysfunction. The disease is multifocal, with a course ranging from indolent, with only skin manifestations to fulminant, with extensive visceral involvement. In the current view, all forms of KS have a common etiology in human herpesvirus (HHV)-8 infection, and the differences among them are due to the involvement of various cofactors. In fact, HHV-8 infection can be considered a necessary but not sufficient condition for the development of KS, because further factors (genetic, immunologic, and environmental) are required. The role of cofactors can be attributed to their ability to interact with HHV-8, to affect the immune system, or to act as vasoactive agents. In this contribution, a survey of the current state of knowledge on many and various factors involved in KS pathogenesis is carried out, in particular by highlighting the facts and controversies about the role of some drugs (quinine analogues and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors) in the onset of the disease. Based on these assessments, it is possible to hypothesize that the role of cofactors in KS pathogenesis can move toward an effect either favoring or inhibiting the onset of the disease, depending on the presence of other agents modulating the pathogenesis itself, such as genetic predisposition, environmental factors, drug intake, or lymph flow disorders. It is possible that the same agents may act as either stimulating or inhibiting cofactors according to the patient’s genetic background and variable interactions. Treatment guidelines for each form of KS are outlined, because a unique standard therapy for all of them cannot be considered due to KS heterogeneity. In most cases, therapeutic options, both local and systemic, should be tailored to the patient’s peculiar clinical conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Ruocco
- Department of Dermatology, Second University of Naples, via S. Pansini, 5 - 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Ruocco
- Department of Dermatology, Second University of Naples, via S. Pansini, 5 - 80131 Naples, Italy.
| | - Maria Lina Tornesello
- Molecular Biology and Viral Oncology and AIDS Reference Centre, National Cancer Institute, "Fondazione Pascale," via M. Semmola - 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Alessio Gambardella
- Department of Dermatology, Second University of Naples, via S. Pansini, 5 - 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Ronni Wolf
- Dermatology Unit, Kaplan Medical Center, Rehovot 76100 Israel; The School of Medicine, Hebrew University and Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Franco M Buonaguro
- Molecular Biology and Viral Oncology and AIDS Reference Centre, National Cancer Institute, "Fondazione Pascale," via M. Semmola - 80131 Naples, Italy
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Kourí V, Martínez PA, Capó V, Blanco O, Rodríguez ME, Jiménez N, Fleites G, Caballero I, Dovigny MC, Alemán Y, Correa C, Pérez L, Soto Y, Cardellá L, Álvarez A, Nambiar S, Hengge U. Kaposi’s Sarcoma and Human Herpesvirus 8 in Cuba: Evidence of subtype B expansion. Virology 2012; 432:361-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2012.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2012] [Revised: 06/14/2012] [Accepted: 06/16/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Jalilvand S, Tornesello ML, Buonaguro FM, Buonaguro L, Naraghi ZS, Shoja Z, Ziaee AA, Hamkar R, Shahmahmoodi S, Nategh R, Mokhtari-Azad T. Molecular epidemiology of human herpesvirus 8 variants in Kaposi's sarcoma from Iranian patients. Virus Res 2011; 163:644-9. [PMID: 21963664 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2011.09.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2011] [Revised: 09/16/2011] [Accepted: 09/16/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) is a rare cancer in Iran and there is no epidemiological and molecular information about HHV-8 variants circulating among the Iranian population. In this study HHV-8 sequences have been analyzed in 43 cutaneous KS biopsies from Iranian patients mainly affected by classic KS. DNA samples were subjected to PCR amplification of HHV-8 ORF26, T0.7 and K1 followed by direct nucleotide sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. The analysis of ORF26 showed that 30 (69.8%) and 13 (30.2%) samples belonged to subtypes A/C and K, respectively. In general, the clustering of HHV-8 T0.7 variants paralleled that of ORF26. Genotyping of K1 sequences showed that the majority of samples (39 out of 41) fall into the large C clade with only 2 belonging to the A clade. In conclusion, HHV-8 variants identified among classic Iranian KS are largely related to Eurasian genotypes previously identified in KS from Mediterranean, Middle East, and East Asian regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somayeh Jalilvand
- School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Ramos da Silva S, Ferraz da Silva AP, Bacchi MM, Bacchi CE, Elgui de Oliveira D. KSHV genotypes A and C are more frequent in Kaposi sarcoma lesions from Brazilian patients with and without HIV infection, respectively. Cancer Lett 2011; 301:85-94. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2010.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2010] [Revised: 10/09/2010] [Accepted: 10/13/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Shin YC, Jones LR, Manrique J, Lauer W, Carville A, Mansfield KG, Desrosiers RC. Glycoprotein gene sequence variation in rhesus monkey rhadinovirus. Virology 2010; 400:175-86. [PMID: 20172576 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2010.01.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2009] [Revised: 11/05/2009] [Accepted: 01/26/2010] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Gene sequences for seven glycoproteins from 20 independent isolates of rhesus monkey rhadinovirus (RRV) and of the corresponding seven glycoprotein genes from nine strains of the Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) were obtained and analyzed. Phylogenetic analysis revealed two discrete groupings of RRV gH sequences, two discrete groupings of RRV gL sequences and two discrete groupings of RRV gB sequences. We called these phylogenetic groupings gH(a), gH(b), gL(a), gL(b), gB(a) and gB(b). gH(a) was always paired with gL(a) and gH(b) was always paired with gL(b) for any individual RRV isolate. Since gH and gL are known to be interacting partners, these results suggest the need of matching sequence types for function of these cooperating proteins. gB phylogenetic grouping was not associated with gH/gL phylogenetic grouping. Our results demonstrate two distinct, distantly-related phylogenetic groupings of gH and gL of RRV despite a remarkable degree of sequence conservation within each individual phylogenetic group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young C Shin
- New England Primate Research Center, Harvard Medical School, Southborough, MA 01772-9102, USA
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Tornesello ML, Biryahwaho B, Downing R, Hatzakis A, Alessi E, Cusini M, Ruocco V, Katongole-Mbidde E, Loquercio G, Buonaguro L, Buonaguro FM. Human herpesvirus type 8 variants circulating in Europe, Africa and North America in classic, endemic and epidemic Kaposi's sarcoma lesions during pre-AIDS and AIDS era. Virology 2010; 398:280-9. [PMID: 20079510 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2009.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2009] [Revised: 10/30/2009] [Accepted: 12/02/2009] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Human herpesvirus-8 (HHV-8) variants have been found heterogeneously distributed among human populations living in diverse geographic regions, but their differential pathogenicity in Kaposi's sarcoma development remains controversial. In the present study, HHV-8 variant distribution has been analyzed in classic, iatrogenic, endemic as well as epidemic Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) during pre-AIDS and AIDS period (1971-2008) in countries with different KS incidence rate. DNA samples from cutaneous KS lesions of 68 patients living in Africa (n=23, Cameroon, Kenya and Uganda), Europe (n=34, Greece and Italy) and North America (n=11) have been subjected to PCR amplification of HHV-8 ORF 26, T0.7, K1 and K14.1/15, followed by direct nucleotide sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. Among the 23 African samples, the majority of HHV-8 ORF 26 variants clustered with the subtype R (n=12) and B (n=5). Conversely, the viral sequences obtained from 45 European and North European tumors belonged mainly to subtype A/C (n=36). In general, HHV-8 and K1 variant clustering paralleled that of ORF 26 and T0.7. Genotyping of the K14.1/15 loci revealed a large predominance of P subtype in all tumors. In conclusion, comparison of the HHV-8 sequences from classic or endemic versus AIDS-associated KS showed a strong linkage of the HHV-8 variants with specific populations, which has not changed during AIDS epidemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Lina Tornesello
- Molecular Biology and Viral Oncology and AIDS Reference Centre, National Cancer Institute "Fondazione Pascale", Cappella Cangiani, 80131 Naples, Italy
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Zong JC, Arav-Boger R, Alcendor DJ, Hayward GS. Reflections on the interpretation of heterogeneity and strain differences based on very limited PCR sequence data from Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus genomes. J Clin Virol 2007; 40:1-8. [PMID: 17698410 PMCID: PMC2084348 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcv.2007.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2006] [Revised: 06/26/2007] [Accepted: 06/27/2007] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Ever since the original identification of fragments of KSHV DNA in Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) tissue by Chang et al. in 1994, PCR has been used successfully and extensively to detect the virus in clinical samples from the accepted etiological diseases of KS, PEL and MCD. However, a number of other clinical and epidemiological studies claiming evidence for KSHV in multiple myeloma or sarcoid and more recently in primary pulmonary hypertension, as well as claims about the biological significance of DNA sequence polymorphisms based just on small ORF26 PCR DNA fragments have not been convincing. Here, we evaluate the validity and interpretations of previous results in the context of both the observed rates and global patterns of sequence variability within an extended ORF26 locus, as well as from the perspective of the overall levels of KSHV variability found after sampling multiple loci across the complete KSHV genome. The results cast doubts on most claims for biological significance for these polymorphisms, which instead correlate with viral subtype clustering arising from geographic and ethnic divergence of the ancestral human hosts. In addition, we describe several observations that help to explain likely sources of the often either unexpectedly high or unexpectedly low levels of sporadic variability seen in the PCR DNA sequence data reported in some of those studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Chao Zong
- Viral Oncology Program, Department of Oncology, Blunting Blaustein Cancer Research Building, Sydney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231-1000, United States
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