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Colombini A, Lopa S, Libonati F, Talò G, Mareschi K, Marini E, Mangiavini L, Raffo V, Moretti M, de Girolamo L. Low-density cultured cartilage cells expanded in platelet lysate present distinct features to develop an innovative clinical treatment for diffuse cartilage lesions. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 2024. [PMID: 38842036 DOI: 10.1002/ksa.12305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Chondrocyte-based cell therapies are effective for the treatment of chondral lesions, but remain poorly indicated for diffuse lesions in the context of early osteoarthritis (OA). The aim of this study was to develop a protocol to obtain chondroprogenitor cells suitable for the treatment of diffuse chondral lesions within early OA. METHODS Cartilage cells were expanded at low density in human platelet lysate (hPL). A test was performed to exclude senescence. The expression of surface cluster of differentiation 146, cluster of differentiation 166, major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-I and MHC-II and of genes of interest were evaluated, as well as the trophic potential of these cells, by the assessment of lubricin and matrix production. The immunomodulatory potential was assessed through their co-culture with macrophages. RESULTS Cartilage cells expanded at low density in hPL showed higher proliferation rate than standard-density cells, no replicative senescence, low immunogenicity and expression of lubricin. Moreover, they presented an increased expression of chondrogenic and antihypertrophic markers, as well as a superior matrix deposition if compared to cells cultured at standard density. Cartilage cells induced on macrophages an upregulation of CD206, although a higher increase of CD163 expression was observed in the presence of low-density cells. CONCLUSIONS These findings lay the grounds to explore the clinical usefulness of low-density cultured cartilage cells to treat diffuse lesions in early OA joints for both autologous and allogenic use. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Not applicable.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Silvia Lopa
- Cell and Tissue Engineering Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Libonati
- Orthopaedic Biotechnology Lab, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Talò
- Cell and Tissue Engineering Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan, Italy
| | - Katia Mareschi
- Department of Public Health and Paediatrics, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy Laboratory, Paediatric Onco-Haematology Division, Regina Margherita Children's Hospital, City of Health and Science of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Elena Marini
- Department of Public Health and Paediatrics, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Laura Mangiavini
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milano, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche per la Salute, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Raffo
- Orthopaedic Biotechnology Lab, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Moretti
- Cell and Tissue Engineering Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan, Italy
- Regenerative Medicine Technologies Laboratory, Laboratories for Translational Research (LRT), Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale (EOC), Bellinzona, Switzerland
- Service of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Department of Surgery, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale (EOC), Lugano, Switzerland
- Euler Institute, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera italiana (USI), Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Laura de Girolamo
- Orthopaedic Biotechnology Lab, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan, Italy
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Lopa S, Libonati F, Mareschi K, Talò G, Brambilla S, Raffo V, Labanca L, Zagra L, Moretti M, de Girolamo L, Colombini A. Using Macrophage Polarization in Human Platelet Lysate to Test the Immunomodulatory Potential of Cells for Clinical Use. Biomedicines 2024; 12:833. [PMID: 38672188 PMCID: PMC11048141 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12040833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Macrophage-based co-cultures are used to test the immunomodulatory function of candidate cells for clinical use. This study aimed to characterize a macrophage polarization model using human platelet lysate (hPL) as a GMP-compliant alternative to Fetal Bovine Serum (FBS). Primary human monocytes were differentiated into unpolarized (M0) or polarized (M1, M2a, and M2c) macrophages in an hPL- or FBS-based medium. The protein secretion profiles and expression of phenotypic markers (CD80 for M1, CD206 for M2a, and CD163 for M2c) were analyzed. Subsequently, chondrocytes were tested in an hPL-based co-culture model to assess their immunomodulatory function in view of their possible use in patients with osteoarthritis. The results showed similar marker regulation between hPL and FBS cultures, but lower basal levels of CD206 and CD163 in hPL-cultured macrophages. Functional co-culture experiments with chondrocytes revealed increased CD206 expression both in hPL and in FBS, indicating an interaction between macrophages and chondrocytes. While markers in FBS-cultured macrophages were confirmed in hPL-cultured cells, the interpretation of marker modulation in immunomodulatory assays with hPL-based cultures should be carried out cautiously due to the observed differences in the basal marker levels for CD206 and CD163. This research underscores the utility of hPL as a GMP-compliant alternative to FBS for macrophage-based co-cultures and highlights the importance of understanding marker expressions in different culture conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Lopa
- Cell and Tissue Engineering Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Via C. Belgioioso 173, 20157 Milan, Italy; (S.L.); (G.T.); (S.B.)
| | - Francesca Libonati
- Orthopaedic Biotechnology Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Via C. Belgioioso 173, 20157 Milan, Italy; (F.L.); (V.R.); (A.C.)
| | - Katia Mareschi
- Department of Public Health and Paediatrics, University of Turin, Via Verdi 8, 10124 Turin, Italy;
- Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy Laboratory, Paediatric Onco-Haematology Division, Regina Margherita Children’s Hospital, City of Health and Science of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Talò
- Cell and Tissue Engineering Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Via C. Belgioioso 173, 20157 Milan, Italy; (S.L.); (G.T.); (S.B.)
| | - Stefania Brambilla
- Cell and Tissue Engineering Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Via C. Belgioioso 173, 20157 Milan, Italy; (S.L.); (G.T.); (S.B.)
| | - Vincenzo Raffo
- Orthopaedic Biotechnology Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Via C. Belgioioso 173, 20157 Milan, Italy; (F.L.); (V.R.); (A.C.)
| | - Luciana Labanca
- Blood Component Production and Validation Center, City of Health and Science of Turin, S. Anna Hospital, 10126 Turin, Italy;
| | - Luigi Zagra
- Hip Department, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Via C. Belgioioso 173, 20157 Milan, Italy;
| | - Matteo Moretti
- Cell and Tissue Engineering Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Via C. Belgioioso 173, 20157 Milan, Italy; (S.L.); (G.T.); (S.B.)
- Regenerative Medicine Technologies Laboratory, Laboratories for Translational Research (LRT), Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale (EOC), Via F. Chiesa 5, CH-6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland
- Service of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Department of Surgery, EOC, Via Tesserete 46, CH-6900 Lugano, Switzerland
- Euler Institute, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera Italiana (USI), Via la Santa 1, CH-6962 Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Laura de Girolamo
- Orthopaedic Biotechnology Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Via C. Belgioioso 173, 20157 Milan, Italy; (F.L.); (V.R.); (A.C.)
| | - Alessandra Colombini
- Orthopaedic Biotechnology Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Via C. Belgioioso 173, 20157 Milan, Italy; (F.L.); (V.R.); (A.C.)
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Xu J, Zhao B, Lin W, Liu Y, Zhang X, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Liu W, Seriwatanachai D, Yuan Q. Periplaneta americana extract promotes osteoblast differentiation of human alveolar bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. Oral Dis 2023; 29:3540-3550. [PMID: 36516336 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aims to investigate the effects of Traditional Chinese medicine, Periplaneta americana extract (PAE), on osteoblast differentiation of human alveolar bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hABMMSCs). MATERIALS AND METHODS Human alveolar bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells were treated with different concentrations of PAE. Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay and transwell migration assay were conducted to evaluate cell proliferation and migration, respectively. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining, ALP activity assay, and Alizarin red S staining were performed to detect osteogenesis in hABMMSCs. In addition, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and western blot (WB) assay were performed to evaluate expression levels of osteogenic markers. Finally, RNA sequencing analysis and WB were carried out to elucidate the underlying mechanism. RESULTS A total of 0.1 mg/ml PAE promoted cell proliferation and migration. PAE also increased ALP activity and mineralized nodule formation of hABMMSCs. In addition, PAE upregulated the expression of osteogenesis-related genes (RUNX2, COL1A1, and BGLAP). RNA-sequencing analysis revealed that PAE activated the focal adhesion signaling pathway. Treatment with Defactinib, an inhibitor of FAK, attenuated the effects induced by PAE. CONCLUSIONS PAE could enhance osteoblast differentiation of hABMMSCs through focal adhesion signaling pathway, suggesting a therapeutic potential for the alveolar bone defect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Disease, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Disease, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Weimin Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Disease, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuting Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Disease, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Disease, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Disease, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanjun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Disease, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Weiqing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Disease, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | | | - Quan Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Disease, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Oral Implantology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Ali HRW, Suliman S, Osman TAH, Carrasco M, Bruland O, Costea DE, Ræder H, Mustafa K. Xeno-free generation of human induced pluripotent stem cells from donor-matched fibroblasts isolated from dermal and oral tissues. Stem Cell Res Ther 2023; 14:199. [PMID: 37559144 PMCID: PMC10410907 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03403-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) can be generated from various somatic cells and can subsequently be differentiated to multiple cell types of the body. This makes them highly promising for cellular therapy in regenerative medicine. However, to facilitate their clinical use and to ensure safety, iPS culturing protocols must be compliant with good manufacturing practice guidelines and devoid of xenogenic products. Therefore, we aimed to compare the efficiency of using humanized culture conditions, specifically human platelet lysate to fetal bovine serum, for iPS generation from different sources, and to evaluate their stemness. METHODS iPS were generated via a platelet lysate or fetal bovine serum-based culturing protocol from matched dermal, buccal and gingival human fibroblasts, isolated from healthy donors (n = 2) after informed consent, via episomal plasmid transfection. Pluripotency, genotype and phenotype of iPS, generated by both protocols, were then assessed by various methods. RESULTS More attempts were generally required to successfully reprogram xeno-free fibroblasts to iPS, as compared to xenogenic cultured fibroblasts. Furthermore, oral fibroblasts generally required more attempts for successful iPS generation as opposed to dermal fibroblasts. Morphologically, all iPS generated from fibroblasts formed tight colonies surrounded by a reflective "whitish" outer rim, typical for iPS. They also expressed pluripotency markers at both gene (SOX2, OCT4, NANOG) and protein level (SOX2, OCT4). Upon stimulation, all iPS showed ability to differentiate into the three primary germ layers via expression of lineage-specific markers for mesoderm (MESP1, OSR1, HOPX), endoderm (GATA4) and ectoderm (PAX6, RAX). Genome analysis revealed several amplifications and deletions within the chromosomes of each iPS type. CONCLUSIONS The xeno-free protocol had a lower reprogramming efficiency compared to the standard xenogenic protocol. The oral fibroblasts generally proved to be more difficult to reprogram than dermal fibroblasts. Xeno-free dermal, buccal and gingival fibroblasts can successfully generate iPS with a comparable genotype/phenotype to their xenogenic counterparts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan R W Ali
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, Centre for Translational Oral Research (TOR), University of Bergen, 5009, Bergen, Norway
| | - Salwa Suliman
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, Centre for Translational Oral Research (TOR), University of Bergen, 5009, Bergen, Norway
| | - Tarig Al-Hadi Osman
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, Centre for Translational Oral Research (TOR), University of Bergen, 5009, Bergen, Norway
| | - Manuel Carrasco
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Centre for Cancer Biomarkers, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Ove Bruland
- Department of Medical Genetics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Daniela-Elena Costea
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Centre for Cancer Biomarkers, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Gade Laboratory for Pathology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Helge Ræder
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
- Department of Pediatrics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.
| | - Kamal Mustafa
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, Centre for Translational Oral Research (TOR), University of Bergen, 5009, Bergen, Norway.
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5
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Delabie W, De Bleser D, Vandewalle V, Vandekerckhove P, Compernolle V, Feys HB. Single step method for high yield human platelet lysate production. Transfusion 2023; 63:373-383. [PMID: 36426732 PMCID: PMC10099704 DOI: 10.1111/trf.17188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to develop a single step method for the production of human platelet lysate (hPL). The method must result in high hPL yields, be closed system and avoid heparin use. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS The method aimed at using glass beads and calcium. An optimal concentration of calcium and glass beads was determined by serial dilution. This was translated to a novel method and compared to known methods: freeze-thawing and high calcium. Quality outcome measures were transmittance, fibrinogen and growth factor content, and cell doubling time. RESULTS An optimal concentration of 5 mM Ca2+ and 0.2 g/ml glass beads resulted in hPL with yields of 92% ± 1% (n = 50) independent of source material (apheresis or buffy coat-derived). The transmittance was highest (56% ± 9%) compared to known methods (<39%). The fibrinogen concentration (7.0 ± 1.1 μg/ml) was well below the threshold, avoiding the need for heparin. Growth factor content was similar across hPL production methods. The cell doubling time of adipose derived stem cells was 25 ± 1 h and not different across methods. Batch consistency was determined across six batches of hPL (each n = 25 constituting concentrates) and was <11% for all parameters including cell doubling time. Calcium precipitation formed after 4 days of culturing stem cells in media with hPL prepared by the high (15 mM) Ca2+ method, but not with hPL prepared by glass bead method. DISCUSSION The novel method transforms platelet concentrates to hPL with little hands-on time. The method results in high yield, is closed system, without heparin and non-inferior to published methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Willem Delabie
- Transfusion Research Center, Belgian Red Cross-Flanders, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Dominique De Bleser
- Transfusion Innovation Center, Belgian Red Cross-Flanders, Ghent, Belgium.,Blood Services, Belgian Red Cross-Flanders, Mechelen, Belgium
| | - Vicky Vandewalle
- Transfusion Innovation Center, Belgian Red Cross-Flanders, Ghent, Belgium.,Blood Services, Belgian Red Cross-Flanders, Mechelen, Belgium
| | - Philippe Vandekerckhove
- Blood Services, Belgian Red Cross-Flanders, Mechelen, Belgium.,Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Global Health, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Veerle Compernolle
- Transfusion Research Center, Belgian Red Cross-Flanders, Ghent, Belgium.,Transfusion Innovation Center, Belgian Red Cross-Flanders, Ghent, Belgium.,Blood Services, Belgian Red Cross-Flanders, Mechelen, Belgium.,Department of Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Hendrik B Feys
- Transfusion Research Center, Belgian Red Cross-Flanders, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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A New Human Platelet Lysate for Mesenchymal Stem Cell Production Compliant with Good Manufacturing Practice Conditions Preserves the Chemical Characteristics and Biological Activity of Lyo-Secretome Isolated by Ultrafiltration. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23084318. [PMID: 35457134 PMCID: PMC9030891 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23084318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, we proposed a Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP)-compliant production process for freeze-dried mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-secretome (lyo-secretome): after serum starvation, the cell supernatant was collected, and the secretome was concentrated by ultrafiltration and freeze-dried, obtaining a standardized ready-to-use and stable powder. In this work, we modified the type of human platelet lysate (HPL) used as an MSC culture supplement during the lyo-secretome production process: the aim was to verify whether this change had an impact on product quality and also whether this new procedure could be validated according to GMP, proving the process robustness. MSCs were cultured with two HPLs: the standard previously validated one (HPL-E) and the new one (HPL-S). From the same pool of platelets, two batches of HPL were obtained: HPL-E (by repeated freezing and thawing cycles) and HPL-S (by adding Ca-gluconate to form a clot and its subsequent mechanical wringing). Bone marrow MSCs from three donors were separately cultured with the two HPLs until the third passage and then employed to produce lyo-secretome. The following indicators were selected to evaluate the process performance: (i) the lyo-secretome quantitative composition (in lipids and proteins), (ii) the EVs size distribution, and (iii) anti-elastase and (iv) immunomodulant activity as potency tests. The new HPL supplementation for MSCs culture induced only a few minimal changes in protein/lipid content and EVs size distribution; despite this, it did not significantly influence biological activity. The donor intrinsic MSCs variability in secretome secretion instead strongly affected the quality of the finished product and could be mitigated by concentrating the final product to reach a determined protein (and lipid) concentration. In conclusion, the modification of the type of HPL in the MSCs culture during lyo-secretome production induces only minimal changes in the composition but not in the potency, and therefore, the new procedure can be validated according to GMP.
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Palombella S, Perucca Orfei C, Castellini G, Gianola S, Lopa S, Mastrogiacomo M, Moretti M, de Girolamo L. Systematic review and meta-analysis on the use of human platelet lysate for mesenchymal stem cell cultures: comparison with fetal bovine serum and considerations on the production protocol. Stem Cell Res Ther 2022; 13:142. [PMID: 35379348 PMCID: PMC8981660 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-022-02815-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) culturing for cell therapies needs a step forward to be routinely used in clinical settings. Main concerns regard the use of animal origin reagents, in particular supplementing the culture medium with FBS. Lately, Human Platelet Lysate (HPL) has been proposed as animal-free alternative, described as an excellent supplement for culturing MSCs. The aim of this systematic review was to analyze the current literature on the effect of HPL and FBS on ASCs and BMSCs. The primary outcome was the proliferation rate of cells cultured with FBS and HPL. Differences in terms of doubling time (DT) and population doubling (PD) were evaluated by meta-analysis, subgrouping data according to the cell type. A total of 35 articles were included. BMSCs and ASCs were used in 65.7% (23) and 28.6% (10) studies, respectively. Only two studies included both cell types. Overall, 22 studies were eligible for the meta-analysis. Among them, 9 articles described ASCs and 13 BMSCs. The results showed that BMSCs and ASCs cultured with 10% HPL and 5% HPL have lower DT and higher PD compared to cells cultured with 10% FBS. A possible correlation between the DT decrease and the application of at least 3 freeze/thaw cycles to induce platelet lysis was found. Additionally, HPL increased VEGF secretion and maintained the immuno-modulatory abilities for both cell types. The clarification reported here of the higher efficiency of HPL compared to FBS can help the transition of the scientific community towards clinical-related procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Palombella
- Cell and Tissue Engineering Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, 20161, Milan, Italy
| | - Carlotta Perucca Orfei
- Laboratorio di Biotecnologie Applicate all'Ortopedia, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, 20161, Milan, Italy
| | - Greta Castellini
- Unit of Clinical Epidemiology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, 20161, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Gianola
- Unit of Clinical Epidemiology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, 20161, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Lopa
- Cell and Tissue Engineering Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, 20161, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Matteo Moretti
- Cell and Tissue Engineering Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, 20161, Milan, Italy.,Regenerative Medicine Technologies Laboratory, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Laboratories for Translational Research (LRT), 6500, Bellinzona, Switzerland.,Department of Surgery, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Service of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, 6962, Lugano, Switzerland.,Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Euler Institute, USI, 6900, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Laura de Girolamo
- Laboratorio di Biotecnologie Applicate all'Ortopedia, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, 20161, Milan, Italy.
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A New Human Platelet Lysate for Mesenchymal Stem Cell Production Compliant with Good Manufacturing Practice Conditions. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23063234. [PMID: 35328655 PMCID: PMC8953582 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23063234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are classified as advanced therapy medicinal products, a new category of GMP (good manufacturing practice)-compliant medicines for clinical use. We isolated MSCs from 5 bone marrow (BM) samples using human platelet lysate (HPL) instead of foetal bovine serum (FBS). We used a new method of HPL production consisting of treating platelet (PLTs) pools with Ca-Gluconate to form a gel clot, then mechanically squeezing to release growth factors. We compared the new HPL (HPL-S) with the standard (HPL-E) obtained by freezing/thawing cycles and by adding heparin. HPL-S had not PLTs and fibrinogen but the quantity of proteins and growth factors was comparable to HPL-E. Therefore, HPL-S needed fewer production steps to be in compliance with GMP conditions. The number of colonies forming unit-fibroblasts (CFU-F) and the maintenance of stem markers showed no significant differences between MSCs with HPL-E and HPL-S. The cumulative population doubling was higher in MSCs with HPL-E in the earlier passages, but we observed an inverted trend of cell growth at the fourth passage. Immunophenotypic analysis showed a significant lower expression of HLA-DR in the MSCs with HPL-S (1.30%) than HPL-E (14.10%). In conclusion, we demonstrated that HPL-S is an effective alternative for MSC production under GMP conditions.
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Canosa S, Mareschi K, Marini E, Carosso AR, Castiglia S, Rustichelli D, Ferrero I, Gennarelli G, Bussolati B, Nocifora A, Asnaghi V, Bergallo M, Isidoro C, Benedetto C, Revelli A, Fagioli F. A Novel Xeno-Free Method to Isolate Human Endometrial Mesenchymal Stromal Cells (E-MSCs) in Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) Conditions. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23041931. [PMID: 35216052 PMCID: PMC8876308 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23041931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The cyclic regeneration of human endometrium is guaranteed by the proliferative capacity of endometrial mesenchymal stromal cells (E-MSCs). Due to this, the autologous infusion of E-MSCs has been proposed to support endometrial growth in a wide range of gynecological diseases. We aimed to compare two different endometrial sampling methods, surgical curettage and vacuum aspiration biopsy random assay (VABRA), and to validate a novel xeno-free method to culture human E-MSCs. Six E-MSCs cell samples were isolated after mechanical tissue homogenization and cultured using human platelet lysate. E-MSCs were characterized for the colony formation capacity, proliferative potential, and multilineage differentiation. The expression of mesenchymal and stemness markers were tested by FACS analysis and real-time PCR, respectively. Chromosomal alterations were evaluated by karyotype analysis, whereas tumorigenic capacity and invasiveness were tested by soft agar assay. Both endometrial sampling techniques allowed efficient isolation and expansion of E-MSCs using a xeno-free method, preserving their mesenchymal and stemness phenotype, proliferative potential, and limited multi-lineage differentiation ability during the culture. No chromosomal alterations and invasive/tumorigenic capacity were observed. Herein, we report the first evidence of efficient E-MSCs isolation and culture in Good Manufacturing Practice compliance conditions, suggesting VABRA endometrial sampling as alternative to surgical curettage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Canosa
- Gynecology and Obstetrics 1U, Physiopathology of Reproduction and IVF Unit, S. Anna Hospital, Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy; (S.C.); (A.R.C.); (G.G.); (C.B.); (A.R.)
| | - Katia Mareschi
- Department of Public Health and Paediatrics, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy; (E.M.); (M.B.); (F.F.)
- Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy Laboratory, Paediatric Onco-Haematology Division, Regina Margherita Children’s Hospital, City of Health and Science of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy; (S.C.); (D.R.); (I.F.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-(011)-313-5420
| | - Elena Marini
- Department of Public Health and Paediatrics, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy; (E.M.); (M.B.); (F.F.)
| | - Andrea Roberto Carosso
- Gynecology and Obstetrics 1U, Physiopathology of Reproduction and IVF Unit, S. Anna Hospital, Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy; (S.C.); (A.R.C.); (G.G.); (C.B.); (A.R.)
| | - Sara Castiglia
- Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy Laboratory, Paediatric Onco-Haematology Division, Regina Margherita Children’s Hospital, City of Health and Science of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy; (S.C.); (D.R.); (I.F.)
| | - Deborah Rustichelli
- Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy Laboratory, Paediatric Onco-Haematology Division, Regina Margherita Children’s Hospital, City of Health and Science of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy; (S.C.); (D.R.); (I.F.)
| | - Ivana Ferrero
- Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy Laboratory, Paediatric Onco-Haematology Division, Regina Margherita Children’s Hospital, City of Health and Science of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy; (S.C.); (D.R.); (I.F.)
| | - Gianluca Gennarelli
- Gynecology and Obstetrics 1U, Physiopathology of Reproduction and IVF Unit, S. Anna Hospital, Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy; (S.C.); (A.R.C.); (G.G.); (C.B.); (A.R.)
| | - Benedetta Bussolati
- Molecular Biotechnology Centre, Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy;
| | - Alberto Nocifora
- Department of Oncology, Pathology Unit, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy;
| | - Valentina Asnaghi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical Genetics Division, City of Health and Science of Torino, 10124 Torino, Italy;
| | - Massimiliano Bergallo
- Department of Public Health and Paediatrics, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy; (E.M.); (M.B.); (F.F.)
- Paediatric Laboratory Regina Margherita Children’s Hospital, City of Health and Science of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Ciro Isidoro
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, 13100 Novara, Italy;
| | - Chiara Benedetto
- Gynecology and Obstetrics 1U, Physiopathology of Reproduction and IVF Unit, S. Anna Hospital, Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy; (S.C.); (A.R.C.); (G.G.); (C.B.); (A.R.)
| | - Alberto Revelli
- Gynecology and Obstetrics 1U, Physiopathology of Reproduction and IVF Unit, S. Anna Hospital, Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy; (S.C.); (A.R.C.); (G.G.); (C.B.); (A.R.)
| | - Franca Fagioli
- Department of Public Health and Paediatrics, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy; (E.M.); (M.B.); (F.F.)
- Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy Laboratory, Paediatric Onco-Haematology Division, Regina Margherita Children’s Hospital, City of Health and Science of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy; (S.C.); (D.R.); (I.F.)
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10
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A comparative study of pathogen inactivation technologies in human platelet lysate and its optimal efficiency in human placenta-derived stem cells culture. J Virol Methods 2022; 302:114478. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2022.114478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Revised: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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11
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Meftahpour V, Malekghasemi S, Baghbanzadeh A, Aghebati-Maleki A, Pourakbari R, Fotouhi A, Aghebati-Maleki L. Platelet lysate: a promising candidate in regenerative medicine. Regen Med 2021; 16:71-85. [PMID: 33543999 DOI: 10.2217/rme-2020-0065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Human platelet lysate has attracted much interest from many researchers as it is growth-factor rich for cell expansion, which is employed as a new therapeutic strategy. Not only are human platelet lysates used for cell therapy, but they are also used for the completion of basal media in mesenchymal stem cell cultures. Due to the presence of a large number of growth factors, platelet lysates have potential roles in wound healing, treatment of ocular graft-versus-host disease, osteoarthritis, Parkinson's disease, tendon regeneration, infertility, androgenetic alopecia, nerve repair and regenerative tissue, such as bone regeneration. In this review, we summarize that platelet lysates could be valuable candidates for the treatment of a variety of diseases in regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vafa Meftahpour
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 51656 65811, Iran
| | - Somaiyeh Malekghasemi
- Department of Basic Oncology, Oncology Institute, Hacettepe University, Sihhiye, Ankara, TR-06100, Turkey
| | - Amir Baghbanzadeh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 51656 65811, Iran
| | - Ali Aghebati-Maleki
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 51656 65811, Iran
| | - Ramin Pourakbari
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 51656 65811, Iran
| | - Ali Fotouhi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 51656 65811, Iran
| | - Leili Aghebati-Maleki
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 51656 65811, Iran.,Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 51656 65811, Iran
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12
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Guiotto M, Raffoul W, Hart AM, Riehle MO, di Summa PG. Human platelet lysate to substitute fetal bovine serum in hMSC expansion for translational applications: a systematic review. J Transl Med 2020; 18:351. [PMID: 32933520 PMCID: PMC7493356 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-020-02489-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Foetal bovine serum (FBS), is the most commonly used culture medium additive for in vitro cultures, despite its undefined composition, its potential immunogenicity and possible prion/zoonotic transmission. For these reasons, significant efforts have been targeted at finding a substitute, such as serum free-media or human platelet-lysates (hPL). Our aim is to critically appraise the state-of-art for hPL in the published literature, comparing its impact with FBS. MATERIALS AND METHODS In June 2019 a systematic search of the entire Web of Science, Medline and PubMed database was performed with the following search terms: (mesenchymal stem cells) AND (fetal bovine serum OR fetal bovine calf) AND (human platelet lysate). Excluded from this search were review articles that were published before 2005, manuscripts in which mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were not from human sources, and when the FBS controls were missing. RESULTS Based on our search algorithm, 56 papers were selected. A review of these papers indicated that hMSCs cultured with hPL showed a spindle-shaped elongated morphology, had higher proliferation indexes, similar cluster of differentiation (CD) markers and no significant variation in differentiation lineage (osteocyte, adipocyte, and chondrocyte) compared to those cultured with FBS. Main sources of primary hMSCs were either fat tissue or bone marrow; in a few studies cells isolated from alternative sources showed no relevant difference in their response. CONCLUSION Despite the difference in medium choice and a lack of standardization of hPL manufacturing, the majority of publications support that hPL was at least as effective as FBS in promoting adhesion, survival and proliferation of hMSCs. We conclude that hPL should be considered a viable alternative to FBS in hMSCs culture-especially with a view for their clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Guiotto
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Hand Surgery, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland. .,Centre for the Cellular Microenvironment, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
| | - W Raffoul
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Hand Surgery, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - A M Hart
- Centre for the Cellular Microenvironment, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.,Canniesburn Plastic Surgery Unit, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, UK
| | - M O Riehle
- Centre for the Cellular Microenvironment, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - P G di Summa
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Hand Surgery, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
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13
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Human Platelet Lysate Supports Efficient Expansion and Stability of Wharton's Jelly Mesenchymal Stromal Cells via Active Uptake and Release of Soluble Regenerative Factors. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21176284. [PMID: 32877987 PMCID: PMC7503902 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21176284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 08/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Manufacturing of mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC)-based therapies for regenerative medicine requires the use of suitable supply of growth factors that enhance proliferation, cell stability and potency during cell expansion. Human blood derivatives such as human platelet lysate (hPL) have emerged as a feasible alternative for cell growth supplement. Nevertheless, composition and functional characterization of hPL in the context of cell manufacturing is still under investigation, particularly regarding the content and function of pro-survival and pro-regenerative factors. We performed comparative analyses of hPL, human serum (hS) and fetal bovine serum (FBS) stability and potency to support Wharton’s jelly (WJ) MSC production. We demonstrated that hPL displayed low inter-batch variation and unique secretome profile that was not present in hS and FBS. Importantly, hPL-derived factors including PDGF family, EGF, TGF-alpha, angiogenin and RANTES were actively taken up by WJ-MSC to support efficient expansion. Moreover, hPL but not hS or FBS induced secretion of osteoprotegerin, HGF, IL-6 and GRO-alpha by WJ-MSC during the expansion phase. Thus, hPL is a suitable source of factors supporting viability, stability and potency of WJ-MSC and therefore constitutes an essential raw material that in combination with WJ-MSC introduces a great opportunity for the generation of potent regenerative medicine products.
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14
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Mareschi K, Castiglia S, Adamini A, Rustichelli D, Marini E, Banche Niclot AGS, Bergallo M, Labanca L, Ferrero I, Fagioli F. Inactivated Platelet Lysate Supports the Proliferation and Immunomodulant Characteristics of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells in GMP Culture Conditions. Biomedicines 2020; 8:biomedicines8070220. [PMID: 32708843 PMCID: PMC7400095 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8070220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) isolated from bone marrow (BM-MSCs) are considered advanced therapy medicinal products (ATMPs) and need to be produced according to good manufacturing practice (GMP) in their clinical use. Human platelet lysate (HPL) is a good GMP-compliant alternative to animal serum, and we have demonstrated that after pathogen inactivation with psoralen, it was safer and more efficient to use psoralen in the production of MSCs following GMP guidelines. In this study, the MSCs cultivated in fetal bovine serum (FBS-MSC) or inactivated HPL (iHPL-MSC) were compared for their immunomodulatory properties. We studied the effects of MSCs on (1) the proliferation of total lymphocytes (Ly) and on naïve T Ly subsets induced to differentiate in Th1 versus Th2 Ly; (2) the immunophenotype of different T-cell subsets; (3) and the cytokine release to verify Th1, Th2, and Th17 polarization. These were analyzed by using an in vitro co-culture system. We observed that iHPL-MSCs showed the same immunomodulatory properties observed in the FBS-MSC co-cultures. Furthermore, a more efficient effect on the increase of naïve T- cells and in the Th1 cytokine release from iHPL was observed. This study confirms that iHPL, used as a medium supplement, may be considered a good alternative to FBS for a GMP-compliant MSC expansion, and also to preserve their immunomodulatory proprieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katia Mareschi
- Department of Public Health and Paediatrics, The University of Turin, Piazza Polonia 94, 10126 Torino, Italy; (E.M.); (A.G.S.B.N); (M.B.); (F.F.)
- Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy Laboratory, Paediatric Onco-Haematology Division, Regina Margherita Children’s Hospital, City of Health and Science of Turin, 10126 Torino, Italy; (S.C.); (A.A.); (D.R.); (I.F.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-11-3135420
| | - Sara Castiglia
- Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy Laboratory, Paediatric Onco-Haematology Division, Regina Margherita Children’s Hospital, City of Health and Science of Turin, 10126 Torino, Italy; (S.C.); (A.A.); (D.R.); (I.F.)
| | - Aloe Adamini
- Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy Laboratory, Paediatric Onco-Haematology Division, Regina Margherita Children’s Hospital, City of Health and Science of Turin, 10126 Torino, Italy; (S.C.); (A.A.); (D.R.); (I.F.)
| | - Deborah Rustichelli
- Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy Laboratory, Paediatric Onco-Haematology Division, Regina Margherita Children’s Hospital, City of Health and Science of Turin, 10126 Torino, Italy; (S.C.); (A.A.); (D.R.); (I.F.)
| | - Elena Marini
- Department of Public Health and Paediatrics, The University of Turin, Piazza Polonia 94, 10126 Torino, Italy; (E.M.); (A.G.S.B.N); (M.B.); (F.F.)
| | - Alessia Giovanna Santa Banche Niclot
- Department of Public Health and Paediatrics, The University of Turin, Piazza Polonia 94, 10126 Torino, Italy; (E.M.); (A.G.S.B.N); (M.B.); (F.F.)
| | - Massimiliano Bergallo
- Department of Public Health and Paediatrics, The University of Turin, Piazza Polonia 94, 10126 Torino, Italy; (E.M.); (A.G.S.B.N); (M.B.); (F.F.)
| | - Luciana Labanca
- Blood Component Production and Validation Center, City of Health and Science of Turin, S. Anna Hospital, 10126 Turin, Italy;
| | - Ivana Ferrero
- Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy Laboratory, Paediatric Onco-Haematology Division, Regina Margherita Children’s Hospital, City of Health and Science of Turin, 10126 Torino, Italy; (S.C.); (A.A.); (D.R.); (I.F.)
| | - Franca Fagioli
- Department of Public Health and Paediatrics, The University of Turin, Piazza Polonia 94, 10126 Torino, Italy; (E.M.); (A.G.S.B.N); (M.B.); (F.F.)
- Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy Laboratory, Paediatric Onco-Haematology Division, Regina Margherita Children’s Hospital, City of Health and Science of Turin, 10126 Torino, Italy; (S.C.); (A.A.); (D.R.); (I.F.)
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15
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Suliman S, Ali HRW, Karlsen TA, Amiaud J, Mohamed-Ahmed S, Layrolle P, Costea DE, Brinchmann JE, Mustafa K. Impact of humanised isolation and culture conditions on stemness and osteogenic potential of bone marrow derived mesenchymal stromal cells. Sci Rep 2019; 9:16031. [PMID: 31690774 PMCID: PMC6831606 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-52442-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Therapeutic potential of human bone marrow stromal/stem cells (hBMSC) must be developed using well defined xenogenic-free conditions. hBMSC were isolated from healthy donors (n = 3) using different isolation and expansion methods. Donor I was isolated and expanded by either bone marrow directly seeded and cells expanded in 10% AB human serum (AB) +5 ng/ml fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF2) [Direct(AB + FGFlow)] or Ammonium-Chloride-Potassium Lysing Buffer was used before the cells were expanded in 10% AB +5 ng/ml FGF-2 [ACK(AB + FGFlow)] or Lymphoprep density gradient medium was used before the cells were expanded in 10% AB +5 ng/ml FGF2 [Lympho(AB + FGFlow)] or bone marrow directly seeded and cells expanded in 10% pooled platelet lysate plasma (PL) + heparin (2 I/U/mL) [Direct(PL)]. Groups for donors II and III were: Direct(AB + FGFlow) or 10% AB +10 ng/ml FGF2 [Direct(AB + FGFhigh)] or Direct(PL). HBMSCs were assessed for viability, multi-potency, osteogenic, inflammatory response and replicative senescence in vitro after 1 and 3 weeks. Pre-selected culture conditions, Direct(AB + FGFhigh) or Direct(PL), were seeded on biphasic calcium phosphate granules and subcutaneously implanted in NOD/SCID mice. After 1 and 11 weeks, explants were analysed for inflammatory and osteogenic response at gene level and histologically. To identify implanted human cells, in situ hybridisation was performed. hBMSC from all conditions showed in vitro multi-lineage potency. hBMSCs expanded in PL expressed stemness markers in vitro at significantly higher levels. Generally, cells expanded in AB + FGF2 conditions expressed higher osteogenic markers after 1 week both in vitro and in vivo. After 11 weeks in vivo, Direct(AB + FGFhigh) formed mature ectopic bone, compared to immature mineralised tissues formed by Direct(PL) implants. Mouse responses showed a significant upregulation of IL-1α and IL-1β expression in Direct(PL). After 1 week, human cells were observed in both groups and after 11 weeks in Direct(AB + FGFhigh) only. To conclude, results showed a significant effect of the isolation methods and demonstrated a relatively consistent pattern of efficacy from all donors. A tendency of hBMSC expanded in PL to retain a more stem-like phenotype elucidates their delayed differentiation and different inflammatory expressions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salwa Suliman
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, Centre for Clinical Dental Research, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
| | - Hassan R W Ali
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, Centre for Clinical Dental Research, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Tommy A Karlsen
- Norwegian Center for Stem Cell Research, Department of Immunology, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jerome Amiaud
- INSERM, UMR 1238, PHY-OS, Laboratory of Bone Sarcomas and Remodeling of Calcified Tissues, Faculty of Medicine, University of Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Samih Mohamed-Ahmed
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, Centre for Clinical Dental Research, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Pierre Layrolle
- INSERM, UMR 1238, PHY-OS, Laboratory of Bone Sarcomas and Remodeling of Calcified Tissues, Faculty of Medicine, University of Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Daniela E Costea
- Gade Laboratory for Pathology, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Pathology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- Centre for Cancer Biomarkers, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Jan E Brinchmann
- Norwegian Center for Stem Cell Research, Department of Immunology, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kamal Mustafa
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, Centre for Clinical Dental Research, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
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16
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Guadix JA, López-Beas J, Clares B, Soriano-Ruiz JL, Zugaza JL, Gálvez-Martín P. Principal Criteria for Evaluating the Quality, Safety and Efficacy of hMSC-Based Products in Clinical Practice: Current Approaches and Challenges. Pharmaceutics 2019; 11:pharmaceutics11110552. [PMID: 31652984 PMCID: PMC6921040 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics11110552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells (hMSCs) play an important role as new therapeutic alternatives in advanced therapies and regenerative medicine thanks to their regenerative and immunomodulatory properties, and ability to migrate to the exact area of injury. These properties have made hMSCs one of the more promising cellular active substances at present, particularly in terms of the development of new and innovative hMSC-based products. Currently, numerous clinical trials are being conducted to evaluate the therapeutic activity of hMSC-based products on specific targets. Given the rapidly growing number of hMSC clinical trials in recent years and the complexity of these products due to their cellular component characteristics and medicinal product status, there is a greater need to define more stringent, specific, and harmonized requirements to characterize the quality of the hMSCs and enhance the analysis of their safety and efficacy in final products to be administered to patients. These requirements should be implemented throughout the manufacturing process to guarantee the function and integrity of hMSCs and to ensure that the hMSC-based final product consistently meets its specifications across batches. This paper describes the principal phases involved in the design of the manufacturing process and updates the specific technical requirements needed to address the appropriate clinical use of hMSC-based products. The challenges and limitations to evaluating the safety, efficacy, and quality of hMSCs have been also reviewed and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Antonio Guadix
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Málaga, Instituto Malagueño de Biomedicina (IBIMA), Campus de Teatinos s/n, Málaga E-29071, Spain.
- BIONAND, Centro Andaluz de Nanomedicina y Biotecnología (Junta de Andalucía, Universidad de Málaga), c/ Severo Ochoa nº25, Campanillas, Málaga E-29590, Spain.
| | - Javier López-Beas
- Andalusian Center for Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine (CABIMER), University of Pablo de Olavide-University of Seville-CSIC, Seville 41092, Spain.
| | - Beatriz Clares
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Granada E-18071, Spain.
| | - José Luis Soriano-Ruiz
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Granada E-18071, Spain.
| | - José Luis Zugaza
- Department of Genetics, Physical Anthropology and Animal Physiology, University of the Basque Country, Leioa E-48940, Spain.
- Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, Bizkaia Science and Technology Park, building 205, Zamudio E-48170, Spain.
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, María Díaz de Haro 3, Bilbao E-48013, Spain.
| | - Patricia Gálvez-Martín
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Granada E-18071, Spain.
- R&D Human Health, Bioibérica S.A.U., Barcelona E-08029, Spain.
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17
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Bieback K, Fernandez-Muñoz B, Pati S, Schäfer R. Gaps in the knowledge of human platelet lysate as a cell culture supplement for cell therapy: a joint publication from the AABB and the International Society for Cell & Gene Therapy. Transfusion 2019; 59:3448-3460. [PMID: 31412158 DOI: 10.1111/trf.15483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Karen Bieback
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine and Immunology, Flowcore Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, German Red Cross Blood Service Baden-Württemberg-Hessen gGmbH, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Beatriz Fernandez-Muñoz
- Unidad de Producción y Reprogramación Celular (UPRC)/Laboratorio Andaluz de Reprogramación Celular (LARCEL), Sevilla, Spain.,Iniciativa Andaluza de Terapias Avanzadas, Sevilla, Spain.,IBiS, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Shibani Pati
- Blood Systems Research Institute (BSRI), Blood Systems Inc. (BSI), and the University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Richard Schäfer
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine and Immunohaematology, German Red Cross Blood Donor Service Baden-Württemberg-Hessen gGmbH, Goethe University Hospital, Frankfurt, Germany
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18
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Bieback K, Fernandez-Muñoz B, Pati S, Schäfer R. Gaps in the knowledge of human platelet lysate as a cell culture supplement for cell therapy: a joint publication from the AABB and the International Society for Cell & Gene Therapy. Cytotherapy 2019; 21:911-924. [PMID: 31307904 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2019.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Revised: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Fetal bovine serum (FBS) is used as a growth supplement in a wide range of cell culture applications for cell-based research and therapy. However, as a xenogenic product, FBS can potentially transmit prions and adventitious viruses as well as induce undesirable immunologic reactions. In addition, the use of bovine fetuses for FBS production raises concerns as society looks for ways to replace animal testing and reduce the use of animal products for scientific purposes, in particular for the manufacture of clinical products intended for human use. Until chemically defined media are available for these purposes, human platelet lysate (hPL) has been introduced as an attractive alternative for replacing FBS as a cell culture supplement. hPL is a human product that can be produced from outdated platelets avoiding ethical, medical and animal welfare concerns. An increasing number of studies demonstrate that hPL can promote cell growth similarly or even better than FBS in specific cell types. Due to increasing interest in hPL, the AABB and the International Society of Cell Therapy (ISCT) established a joint working group to address its potential. With this article, we aim to present an overview of hPL, identifying the gaps in information on how hPL is produced and tested and the barriers to its translational use in the production of clinical-grade cell therapy products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Bieback
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine and Immunology, Flowcore Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, German Red Cross Blood Service Baden-Württemberg - Hessen gGmbH, Mannheim, Germany.
| | - Beatriz Fernandez-Muñoz
- Unidad de Producción y Reprogramación Celular (UPRC)/Laboratorio Andaluz de Reprogramación Celular (LARCEL), Sevilla, Spain; Iniciativa Andaluza de Terapias Avanzadas, Sevilla, Spain; IBiS, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Shibani Pati
- Blood Systems Research Institute (BSRI), Blood Systems Inc. (BSI) and University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Richard Schäfer
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine and Immunohaematology, German Red Cross Blood Donor Service Baden-Württemberg-Hessen gGmbH, Goethe University Hospital, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
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19
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Viau S, Eap S, Chabrand L, Lagrange A, Delorme B. Viral inactivation of human platelet lysate by gamma irradiation preserves its optimal efficiency in the expansion of human bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells. Transfusion 2019; 59:1069-1079. [PMID: 30793328 DOI: 10.1111/trf.15205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Revised: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human platelet lysate (hPL) represents a powerful medium supplement for human mesenchymal stromal cell (hMSC) expansion. The recently published general chapters of the Pharmacopeia require the addition of a step of viral inactivation during the production process of such raw biological material used for cell-based medicinal products. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS The ability of gamma irradiation to inactivate viruses from a panel representative of the virus diversity was evaluated. The impact of gamma irradiation on hPL composition and efficiency as a supplement for hMSC culture was evaluated. RESULTS An efficient inactivation of all the viruses tested was demonstrated, with the minimum reduction factors obtained being superior to 4.5 log10 for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis A virus (HAV) and superior to 5 log10 for bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV), pseudorabies virus (PRV) and porcine parvovirus (PPV). The gamma irradiation did not affect the content in interesting biochemical factors for cell culture or in growth factors (GF), except to basic fibroblast GF (bFGF) whereas it highly impacted the contents in the factors involved in the coagulation cascade. Finally, gamma irradiated hPL remained as efficient as non-irradiated hPL for the proliferation, clonogenic potential, differentiation potential, and immunosuppressive properties of hMSCs. CONCLUSION The feasibility of using gamma irradiation to efficiently inactivate viruses in hPL while maintaining its optimal efficacy as a supplement for hMSC expansion was demonstrated. Such an inactivated hPL represents a very attractive raw material for the efficient production of safe cellular therapy products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Viau
- Biotherapy Division, Macopharma, Mouvaux, France
| | - Sandy Eap
- Biotherapy Division, Macopharma, Mouvaux, France
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20
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Titanium Surface Properties Influence the Biological Activity and FasL Expression of Craniofacial Stromal Cells. Stem Cells Int 2019; 2019:4670560. [PMID: 30733806 PMCID: PMC6348805 DOI: 10.1155/2019/4670560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 10/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) can be easily isolated form craniofacial bones during routine dentistry procedures. Due to their embryological origin from neural crest, they represent a suitable cell population to study cell-biomaterial interaction in the craniofacial field, including osteoinductive/osteointegrative processes. The biological and immunomodulatory properties of MSCs may be influenced by chemistry and topography of implant surfaces. We investigated if and how three different titanium surfaces, machined (MCH), sandblasted with resorbable blasting medium (RBM), and Ca++-nanostructured (NCA), may affect biological activity, osseointegration, and immunomodulatory properties of craniofacial MSCs. Cell proliferation, morphology, osteogenic markers, and FasL were evaluated on MSCs isolated from the mandibular bone after seeding on these three different surfaces. No statistically significant differences in cell proliferation were observed whereas different morphologies and growth patterns were detected for each type of surface. No difference in the expression of osteogenic markers was revealed. Interestingly, FasL expression, involved in the immunomodulatory activity of stem cells, was influenced by surface properties. Particularly, immunofluorescence analysis indicated that FasL expression increased on MCH surface compared to the others confirming the suggested role of FasL in promoting osteogenic differentiation. Titanium surface treatments and topography might reflect different biological behaviours of craniofacial MSCs and influence their osseointegration/immunomodulation properties.
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21
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In Vitro Mesenchymal Progenitor Cell Expansion is a Predictor of Transplant-related Mortality and acute GvHD III-IV After Bone Marrow Transplantation in Univariate Analysis: A Large Single-Center Experience. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2019; 41:42-46. [PMID: 30113355 DOI: 10.1097/mph.0000000000001281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are multipotent stem cells able to differentiate into mesenchymal origin tissue and support the growth of hematopoietic stem cells. In order to understand the role of MSCs infused in bone marrow grafts, 53 consecutive patients were analyzed for engraftment, acute and chronic graft-versus-host disease (GvHD), transplant-related mortality (TRM), relapse incidence, and overall survival. The MSC content was measured as MSC expansion at the second passage. When in vitro-expanded MSC (cumulative population doubling at second passage, cPDp2) values were stratified according to the median value (2.2-fold increase), the univariate analysis showed a significant difference in TRM (23% vs. 3.8%, P=0.05.) and in acute GvHD III-IV incidence (12% vs. 4%, P=0.04), while the multivariate analysis did not confirm its independent role. No clinical parameters in donors and recipients were identified as predictors of cPDp2 expansion. Our study suggests a role for short-term ex vivo-expanded MSCs in reduced aGVHD III-IV incidence and TRM in univariate analysis. A multicenter, larger study is warranted to confirm these data.
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22
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Bandeiras C, Cabral JM, Finkelstein SN, Ferreira FC. Modeling biological and economic uncertainty on cell therapy manufacturing: the choice of culture media supplementation. Regen Med 2018; 13:917-933. [PMID: 30488770 DOI: 10.2217/rme-2018-0034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of autologous cell therapy manufacturing in xeno-free conditions. MATERIALS & METHODS Published data on the isolation and expansion of mesenchymal stem/stromal cells introduced donor, multipassage and culture media variability on cell yields and process times on adherent culture flasks to drive cost simulation of a scale-out campaign of 1000 doses of 75 million cells each in a 400 square meter Good Manufacturing Practices facility. RESULTS & CONCLUSION Passage numbers in the expansion step are strongly associated with isolation cell yield and drive cost increases per donor of $1970 and 2802 for fetal bovine serum and human platelet lysate. Human platelet lysate decreases passage numbers and process costs in 94.5 and 97% of donors through lower facility and labor costs. Cost savings are maintained with full equipment depreciation and higher numbers of cells per dose, highlighting the number of cells per passage step as the key cost driver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cátia Bandeiras
- Department of Bioengineering and iBB - Institute for Bioengineering & Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal.,The Discoveries Centre for Regenerative & Precision Medicine, Lisbon Campus, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal.,Institute for Data, Systems & Society, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 50 Ames Street, Cambridge MA 02139, USA.,Division of Clinical Informatics, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston MA 02215, USA
| | - Joaquim Ms Cabral
- Department of Bioengineering and iBB - Institute for Bioengineering & Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal.,The Discoveries Centre for Regenerative & Precision Medicine, Lisbon Campus, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Stan N Finkelstein
- Institute for Data, Systems & Society, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 50 Ames Street, Cambridge MA 02139, USA.,Division of Clinical Informatics, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston MA 02215, USA
| | - Frederico Castelo Ferreira
- Department of Bioengineering and iBB - Institute for Bioengineering & Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal.,The Discoveries Centre for Regenerative & Precision Medicine, Lisbon Campus, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal
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23
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Chen MS, Wang TJ, Lin HC, Burnouf T. Four types of human platelet lysate, including one virally inactivated by solvent-detergent, can be used to propagate Wharton jelly mesenchymal stromal cells. N Biotechnol 2018; 49:151-160. [PMID: 30465908 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2018.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Revised: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
There is accumulating experimental evidence that human platelet lysate (HPL) made from platelet concentrates can replace fetal bovine serum (FBS) as a xeno-free clinical-grade supplement of growth media to expand mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs). However, uncertainties exist in regard to impacts that various manufacturing methods of HPL can exert on the expansion and differentiation capacity of MSCs. In particular, there is a need to evaluate the possibility of implementing virus-inactivation treatment during HPL production to ensure optimal safety of industrial HPL pools. Expired human platelet concentrates from four different donors were pooled and subjected to freeze-thaw cycles (-80/+37 °C), followed or not by serum-conversion by calcium chloride, heat-treatment at 56 °C for 30 min, or solvent-detergent (S/D) virus inactivation. The concentrations of total proteins, growth factors and fibrinogen, and the chemical compositions of the HPLs were characterized. The impact of HPL supplementation on the cell morphology, doubling time, immunophenotype and trilineage differentiation capacity of Wharton jelly MSCs (WJMSCs) were compared over five passages, using FBS as a control and normalizing the protein content. Data showed that WJMSCs expanded equally well, exhibited a typical fibroblast morphology, had short doubling times, maintained their immunophenotypes, and differentiated into chondrocyte, osteocyte, and adipocyte lineages in all HPL-supplemented media, all of which were more effective than FBS. In conclusion, we found minimal detectable impact of the HPL manufacturing process, including S/D virus inactivation, on the suitability of expanding WJMSCs in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Sheng Chen
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Jen Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsiu-Chen Lin
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Clinical Pathology, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Thierry Burnouf
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; International PhD Program in Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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24
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Analysis of Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Engraftment After Allogeneic HSCT in Pediatric Patients: A Large Multicenter Study. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2018; 40:e486-e489. [PMID: 30188352 DOI: 10.1097/mph.0000000000001305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) role after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is still a matter of debate; in particular, MSC engraftment in recipient bone marrow (BM) is unclear. A total of 46 patients were analyzed for MSC and hemopoietic stem cell engraftment after HSCT. The majority of patients had the BM as the stem cell source, and acute leukemia was the main indication for HSCT. Mesenchymal and hematopoietic stem cell chimerism analysis was carried out through specific polymorphic tandemly repeated regions. All patients reached complete donor engraftment; no evidence of donor-derived MSC engraftment was noted. Our data indicate that MSCs after HSCT remain of recipient origin despite the following: (i) myeloablative conditioning; (ii) the stem cell source; (iii) the interval from HSCT to BM analysis; (iv) the underlying disease before HSCT; and (v) the patients' or the donors' age at HSCT.
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25
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da Silva LQ, Montalvão SADL, Justo-Junior ADS, Cunha Júnior JLR, Huber SC, Oliveira CC, Annichino-Bizzacchi JM. Platelet-rich plasma lyophilization enables growth factor preservation and functionality when compared with fresh platelet-rich plasma. Regen Med 2018; 13:775-784. [DOI: 10.2217/rme-2018-0035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims: To compare levels and activity of the growth factors between fresh and lyophilized platelet-rich plasma (PRP). Methods: Analysis of platelet concentration using fibroblast and human umbilical vein endothelial cell cultures were compared between fresh and lyophilized PRP obtained from peripheral blood. Results: After lyophilization, 54% of platelets were intact whereas the fresh showed no aggregation with agonists (levels under 20%). The concentration of growth factors (VEGF, EGF, TGF-β and PDGF) in both products were similar. Fresh and lyophilized PRPs induced proliferation in the fibroblasts at 24 h (0.303 vs 0.300, respectively). Conclusion: Lyophilized PRP appears to be an alternative to fresh PRP and the results evidenced the role of growth factors as a key element in the activity of this product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letícia Queiroz da Silva
- Hemocentro, Haemostasis Laboratory, State University of Campinas–UNICAMP. 13083-970, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Amauri da Silva Justo-Junior
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas–UNICAMP. 13083-970, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Stephany Cares Huber
- Hemocentro, Haemostasis Laboratory, State University of Campinas–UNICAMP. 13083-970, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carolina Caliári Oliveira
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas–UNICAMP. 13083-970, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
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26
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Jacquot C, Delaney M. Pathogen-inactivated blood products for pediatric patients: blood safety, patient safety, or both? Transfusion 2018; 58:2095-2101. [DOI: 10.1111/trf.14811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Revised: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cyril Jacquot
- Divisions of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine; Children's National Health System; Washington DC
- Departments of Pathology & Pediatrics, School of Medicine and Health Sciences; The George Washington University; Washington DC
| | - Meghan Delaney
- Divisions of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine; Children's National Health System; Washington DC
- Departments of Pathology & Pediatrics, School of Medicine and Health Sciences; The George Washington University; Washington DC
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27
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Castiglia S, Adamini A, Rustichelli D, Castello L, Mareschi K, Pinnetta G, Leone M, Mandese A, Ferrero I, Mesiano G, Fagioli F. Cytokines induced killer cells produced in good manufacturing practices conditions: identification of the most advantageous and safest expansion method in terms of viability, cellular growth and identity. J Transl Med 2018; 16:237. [PMID: 30157948 PMCID: PMC6116438 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-018-1613-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cells are a very promising cell population raising growing interest in the field of cellular antitumor therapy. The aim of our study was to validate the most advantageous expansion method for this advanced therapy medicinal product (ATMP) and to translate it from preclinical field to good manufacturing practices (GMP). GMP ensures that ATMP are consistently produced and controlled to the quality standards required to their intended use. For this reason, the use of the xenogenic sera tended to be minimized by GMP for their high variability and the associated risk of transmitting infectious agents. Results We decided to replace Fetal Bovine Serum (FBS), largely used as medium supplement for CIKs expansion, with other culture media. Firstly, Human Serum (HS) and Human Pool Plasma (HPP) were tested as medium supplements giving not compliant results to acceptance criteria, established for CIKs, probably for the great batch to batch variability. Consequently, we decided to test three different serum free expansion media: X-VIVO 15, (largely used by other groups) and Tex Macs and Cell Genix GMP SCGM: two GMP manufactured media. We performed a validation consisting in three run-sand even if the small number of experiments didn’t permit us to obtained statistical results we demonstrated that both X-VIVO 15 and Tex Macs fulfilled the quality standards in terms of cellular growth, viability and identity while Cell Genix GMP SCGM resulted not compliant as it caused some technical problems such as high mortality. Conclusion In conclusion, these preclinical validation data lay the bases for a GMP-compliant process to improve the CIKs expansion method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Castiglia
- City of Health and Science Hospital of Turin, Pediatric Oncoematology, Regina Margherita Children's Hospital, Piazza Polonia 94, 10126, Turin, Italy.
| | - Aloe Adamini
- City of Health and Science Hospital of Turin, Pediatric Oncoematology, Regina Margherita Children's Hospital, Piazza Polonia 94, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Deborah Rustichelli
- City of Health and Science Hospital of Turin, Pediatric Oncoematology, Regina Margherita Children's Hospital, Piazza Polonia 94, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Laura Castello
- City of Health and Science Hospital of Turin, Pediatric Oncoematology, Regina Margherita Children's Hospital, Piazza Polonia 94, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Katia Mareschi
- City of Health and Science Hospital of Turin, Pediatric Oncoematology, Regina Margherita Children's Hospital, Piazza Polonia 94, 10126, Turin, Italy.,Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Turin, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Pinnetta
- City of Health and Science Hospital of Turin, Pediatric Oncoematology, Regina Margherita Children's Hospital, Piazza Polonia 94, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Marco Leone
- City of Health and Science Hospital of Turin, Pediatric Oncoematology, Regina Margherita Children's Hospital, Piazza Polonia 94, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Alessandra Mandese
- City of Health and Science Hospital of Turin, Pediatric Oncoematology, Regina Margherita Children's Hospital, Piazza Polonia 94, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Ivana Ferrero
- City of Health and Science Hospital of Turin, Pediatric Oncoematology, Regina Margherita Children's Hospital, Piazza Polonia 94, 10126, Turin, Italy.,Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Turin, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | | | - Franca Fagioli
- City of Health and Science Hospital of Turin, Pediatric Oncoematology, Regina Margherita Children's Hospital, Piazza Polonia 94, 10126, Turin, Italy.,Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Turin, 10126, Turin, Italy
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28
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Becherucci V, Piccini L, Casamassima S, Bisin S, Gori V, Gentile F, Ceccantini R, De Rienzo E, Bindi B, Pavan P, Cunial V, Allegro E, Ermini S, Brugnolo F, Astori G, Bambi F. Human platelet lysate in mesenchymal stromal cell expansion according to a GMP grade protocol: a cell factory experience. Stem Cell Res Ther 2018; 9:124. [PMID: 29720245 PMCID: PMC5930506 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-018-0863-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Revised: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of platelet lysate (PL) for the ex-vivo expansion of mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) was initially proposed by Doucet et al. in 2005, as an alternative to animal serum. Moreover, regulatory authorities discourage the use of fetal bovine serum (FBS) or other animal derivatives, to avoid risk of zoonoses and xenogeneic immune reactions. Even if many studies investigated PL composition, there still are some open issues related to its use in ex-vivo MSC expansion, especially according to good manufacturing practice (GMP) grade protocols. METHODS As an authorized cell factory, we report our experience using standardized PL produced by Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Meyer Transfusion Service for MSC expansion according to a GMP grade clinical protocol. As suggested by other authors, we performed an in-vitro test on MSCs versus MSCs cultured with FBS that still represents the best way to test PL batches. We compared 12 MSC batches cultured with DMEM 5% PL with similar batches cultured with DMEM 10% FBS, focusing on the MSC proliferation rate, MSC surface marker expression, MSC immunomodulatory and differentiation potential, and finally MSC relative telomere length. RESULTS Results confirmed the literature data as PL increases cell proliferation without affecting the MSC immunophenotype, immunomodulatory potential, differentiation potential and relative telomere length. CONCLUSIONS PL can be considered a safe alternative to FBS for ex-vivo expansion of MSC according to a GMP grade protocol. Our experience confirms the literature data: a large number of MSCs for clinical applications can be obtained by expansion with PL, without affecting the MSC main features. Our experience underlines the benefits of a close collaboration between the PL producers (transfusion service) and the end users (cell factory) in a synergy of skills and experiences that can lead to standardized PL production.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Luisa Piccini
- Cell Factory Meyer, "A. Meyer" University Children's Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Serena Casamassima
- Cell Factory Meyer, "A. Meyer" University Children's Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Silvia Bisin
- Cell Factory Meyer, "A. Meyer" University Children's Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Valentina Gori
- Cell Factory Meyer, "A. Meyer" University Children's Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Francesca Gentile
- Cell Factory Meyer, "A. Meyer" University Children's Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Riccardo Ceccantini
- Cell Factory Meyer, "A. Meyer" University Children's Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Elena De Rienzo
- Cell Factory Meyer, "A. Meyer" University Children's Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Barbara Bindi
- Transfusion Medicine and Cell Therapy Unit, "A. Meyer" University Children's Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Paola Pavan
- Transfusion Medicine and Cell Therapy Unit, "A. Meyer" University Children's Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Vanessa Cunial
- Transfusion Medicine and Cell Therapy Unit, "A. Meyer" University Children's Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Elisa Allegro
- Transfusion Medicine and Cell Therapy Unit, "A. Meyer" University Children's Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Stefano Ermini
- Transfusion Medicine and Cell Therapy Unit, "A. Meyer" University Children's Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Francesca Brugnolo
- Cell Factory Meyer, "A. Meyer" University Children's Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Astori
- Advanced Cellular Therapy Laboratory, Department of Cellular Therapy and Hematology, San Bortolo Hospital, Vicenza, Italy
| | - Franco Bambi
- Cell Factory Meyer, "A. Meyer" University Children's Hospital, Florence, Italy
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29
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Haack-Sørensen M, Juhl M, Follin B, Harary Søndergaard R, Kirchhoff M, Kastrup J, Ekblond A. Development of large-scale manufacturing of adipose-derived stromal cells for clinical applications using bioreactors and human platelet lysate. Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation 2018; 78:293-300. [PMID: 29661028 DOI: 10.1080/00365513.2018.1462082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
In vitro expanded adipose-derived stromal cells (ASCs) are a useful resource for tissue regeneration. Translation of small-scale autologous cell production into a large-scale, allogeneic production process for clinical applications necessitates well-chosen raw materials and cell culture platform. We compare the use of clinical-grade human platelet lysate (hPL) and fetal bovine serum (FBS) as growth supplements for ASC expansion in the automated, closed hollow fibre quantum cell expansion system (bioreactor). Stromal vascular fractions were isolated from human subcutaneous abdominal fat. In average, 95 × 106 cells were suspended in 10% FBS or 5% hPL medium, and loaded into a bioreactor coated with cryoprecipitate. ASCs (P0) were harvested, and 30 × 106 ASCs were reloaded for continued expansion (P1). Feeding rate and time of harvest was guided by metabolic monitoring. Viability, sterility, purity, differentiation capacity, and genomic stability of ASCs P1 were determined. Cultivation of SVF in hPL medium for in average nine days, yielded 546 × 106 ASCs compared to 111 × 106 ASCs, after 17 days in FBS medium. ASCs P1 yields were in average 605 × 106 ASCs (PD [population doublings]: 4.65) after six days in hPL medium, compared to 119 × 106 ASCs (PD: 2.45) in FBS medium, after 21 days. ASCs fulfilled ISCT criteria and demonstrated genomic stability and sterility. The use of hPL as a growth supplement for ASCs expansion in the quantum cell expansion system provides an efficient expansion process compared to the use of FBS, while maintaining cell quality appropriate for clinical use. The described process is an obvious choice for manufacturing of large-scale allogeneic ASC products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mandana Haack-Sørensen
- a Cardiology Stem Cell Centre, The Heart Centre, Rigshospitalet Copenhagen University Hospital , Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - Morten Juhl
- a Cardiology Stem Cell Centre, The Heart Centre, Rigshospitalet Copenhagen University Hospital , Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - Bjarke Follin
- a Cardiology Stem Cell Centre, The Heart Centre, Rigshospitalet Copenhagen University Hospital , Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - Rebekka Harary Søndergaard
- a Cardiology Stem Cell Centre, The Heart Centre, Rigshospitalet Copenhagen University Hospital , Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - Maria Kirchhoff
- b Department of Clinical Genetics , Rigshospitalet Copenhagen University Hospital , Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - Jens Kastrup
- a Cardiology Stem Cell Centre, The Heart Centre, Rigshospitalet Copenhagen University Hospital , Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - Annette Ekblond
- a Cardiology Stem Cell Centre, The Heart Centre, Rigshospitalet Copenhagen University Hospital , Copenhagen , Denmark
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30
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Haack-Sørensen M, Ekblond A, Kastrup J. Cryopreservation and Revival of Human Mesenchymal Stromal Cells. Methods Mol Biol 2017; 1416:357-74. [PMID: 27236683 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-3584-0_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Cell-based therapy is a promising and innovative new treatment for different degenerative and autoimmune diseases, and mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) from the bone marrow have demonstrated great therapeutic potential due to their immunosuppressive and regenerative capacities.The establishment of methods for large-scale expansion of clinical-grade MSCs in vitro has paved the way for their therapeutic use in clinical trials. However, the clinical application of MSCs also requires cryopreservation and banking of the cell products. To preserve autologous or allogeneic MSCs for future clinical applications, a reliable and effective cryopreservation method is required.Developing a successful cryopreservation protocol for clinical stem cell products, cryopreservation media, cryoprotectant agents (CPAs), the freezing container, the freezing temperature, and the cooling and warming rate are all aspects which should be considered.A major challenge is the selection of a suitable cryoprotectant which is able to penetrate the cells and yet has low toxicity.This chapter focuses on recent technological developments relevant for the cryopreservation of MSCs using the most commonly used cryopreservation medium containing DMSO and animal serum or human-derived products for research use and the animal protein-free cryopreservation media CryoStor (BioLife Solutions) for clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mandana Haack-Sørensen
- Cardiology Stem Cell Centre, The Heart Centre, Rigshospitalet Copenhagen University Hospital, Juliane Mariesvej 20, 9302, Copenhagen Ø, 2100, Denmark.
| | - Annette Ekblond
- Cardiology Stem Cell Centre, The Heart Centre, Rigshospitalet Copenhagen University Hospital, Juliane Mariesvej 20, 9302, Copenhagen Ø, 2100, Denmark
| | - Jens Kastrup
- Cardiology Stem Cell Centre, The Heart Centre, Rigshospitalet Copenhagen University Hospital, Juliane Mariesvej 20, 9302, Copenhagen Ø, 2100, Denmark
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31
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Chisini LA, Conde MCM, Grazioli G, Martin ASS, Carvalho RVD, Nör JE, Demarco FF. Venous Blood Derivatives as FBS-Substitutes for Mesenchymal Stem Cells: A Systematic Scoping Review. Braz Dent J 2017; 28:657-668. [PMID: 29211118 DOI: 10.1590/0103-6440201701646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the biological properties of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) are well-characterized in vitro, MSC clinical application is still far away to be achieved, mainly due to the need of xenogeneic substances for cell expansion, such as fetal bovine serum (FBS). FBS presents risks regarding pathogens transmissions and internalization of animal's proteins, which can unleash antigenic responses in patients after MSC implantation. A wide range of venous blood derivatives (VBD) has been reported as FBS substitutes showing promising results. Thus, the aim of this study was to conduct a systematic scoping review to analyze whether VBD are effective FBS substitutes for MSC ex vivo expansion. The search was performed in SciVerse ScopusTM, PubMed, Web of ScienceTM, BIREME, Cochrane library up to January 2016. The keywords were selected using MeSH and entry terms. Two independent reviewers scrutinized the records obtained considering specific inclusion criteria. The included studies were evaluated in accordance with a modified Arksey and O' Malley's framework. From 184 found studies, 90 were included. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSC) were presented in most of these studies. Overall, VBD allowed for either, maintenance of MCS's fibroblast-like morphology, high proliferation, high colony-formation ability and maintenance of multipotency. Besides. MSC expanded in VBD supplements presented higher mitogen activity than FBS. VBD seems to be excellent xeno-free serum for ex vivo expansion of mesenchymal stem cells. However, an accentuated heterogeneity was observed between the carried out protocols for VBD isolation did not allowing for direct comparisons between the included studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiz A Chisini
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, Dental School, UFPel - Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Marcus C M Conde
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, School of Dentistry, UNIVATES - Universidade do Vale do Taquari, Lajeado, Brazil
| | | | - Alissa S San Martin
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, Dental School, UFPel - Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Jacques E Nör
- Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences and Endodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Flávio F Demarco
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, Dental School, UFPel - Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
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Xeno-Free Strategies for Safe Human Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cell Expansion: Supplements and Coatings. Stem Cells Int 2017; 2017:6597815. [PMID: 29158740 PMCID: PMC5660800 DOI: 10.1155/2017/6597815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Human mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (hMSCs) have generated great interest in regenerative medicine mainly due to their multidifferentiation potential and immunomodulatory role. Although hMSC can be obtained from different tissues, the number of available cells is always low for clinical applications, thus requiring in vitro expansion. Most of the current protocols for hMSC expansion make use of fetal bovine serum (FBS) as a nutrient-rich supplement. However, regulatory guidelines encourage novel xeno-free alternatives to define safer and standardized protocols for hMSC expansion that preserve their intrinsic therapeutic potential. Since hMSCs are adherent cells, the attachment surface and cell-adhesive components also play a crucial role on their successful expansion. This review focuses on the advantages/disadvantages of FBS-free media and surfaces/coatings that avoid the use of animal serum, overcoming ethical issues and improving the expansion of hMSC for clinical applications in a safe and reproducible way.
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Drew VJ, Barro L, Seghatchian J, Burnouf T. Towards pathogen inactivation of red blood cells and whole blood targeting viral DNA/RNA: design, technologies, and future prospects for developing countries. BLOOD TRANSFUSION = TRASFUSIONE DEL SANGUE 2017; 15:512-521. [PMID: 28488960 PMCID: PMC5649960 DOI: 10.2450/2017.0344-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Accepted: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Over 110 million units of blood are collected yearly. The need for blood products is greater in developing countries, but so is the risk of contracting a transfusion-transmitted infection. Without efficient donor screening/viral testing and validated pathogen inactivation technology, the risk of transfusion-transmitted infections correlates with the infection rate of the donor population. The World Health Organization has published guidelines on good manufacturing practices in an effort to ensure a strong global standard of transfusion and blood product safety. Sub-Saharan Africa is a high-risk region for malaria, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B virus and syphilis. Southeast Asia experiences high rates of hepatitis C virus. Areas with a tropical climate have an increased risk of Zika virus, Dengue virus, West Nile virus and Chikungunya, and impoverished countries face economical limitations which hinder efforts to acquire the most modern pathogen inactivation technology. These systems include Mirasol® Pathogen Reduction Technology, INTERCEPT®, and THERAFLEX®. Their procedures use a chemical and ultraviolet or visible light for pathogen inactivation and significantly decrease the threat of pathogen transmission in plasma and platelets. They are licensed for use in Europe and are used in several other countries. The current interest in the blood industry is the development of pathogen inactivation technologies that can treat whole blood (WB) and red blood cell (RBC). The Mirasol system has recently undergone phase III clinical trials for treating WB in Ghana and has demonstrated some efficacy toward malaria inactivation and low risk of adverse effects. A 2nd-generation of the INTERCEPT® S-303 system for WB is currently undergoing a phase III clinical trial. Both methodologies are applicable for WB and components derived from virally reduced WB or RBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor J. Drew
- International PhD Program of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan
| | - Lassina Barro
- International PhD Program of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan
- National Center of Blood Transfusion, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso, United Kingdom
| | - Jerard Seghatchian
- International Consultancy in Blood Components Quality Improvement/Safety, Audit/Inspection and DDR Strategy, London, United Kingdom
| | - Thierry Burnouf
- International PhD Program of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan
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Pathogen reduction through additive-free short-wave UV light irradiation retains the optimal efficacy of human platelet lysate for the expansion of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0181406. [PMID: 28763452 PMCID: PMC5538655 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0181406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2016] [Accepted: 06/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We recently developed and characterized a standardized and clinical grade human Platelet Lysate (hPL) that constitutes an advantageous substitute for fetal bovine serum (FBS) for human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSC) expansion required in cell therapy procedures, avoiding xenogenic risks (virological and immunological) and ethical issues. Because of the progressive use of pathogen-reduced (PR) labile blood components, and the requirement of ensuring the viral safety of raw materials for cell therapy products, we evaluated the impact of the novel procedure known as THERAFLEX UV-Platelets for pathogen reduction on hPL quality (growth factors content) and efficacy (as a medium supplement for hMSC expansion). This technology is based on short-wave ultraviolet light (UV-C) that induces non-reversible damages in DNA and RNA of pathogens while preserving protein structures and functions, and has the main advantage of not needing the addition of any photosensitizing additives (that might secondarily interfere with hMSCs). Methodology / Principal findings We applied the THERAFLEX UV-Platelets procedure on fresh platelet concentrates (PCs) suspended in platelet additive solution and prepared hPL from these treated PCs. We compared the quality and efficacy of PR-hPL with the corresponding non-PR ones. We found no impact on the content of five cytokines tested (EGF, bFGF, PDGF-AB, VEGF and IGF-1) but a significant decrease in TGF-ß1 (-21%, n = 11, p<0.01). We performed large-scale culture of hMSCs from bone marrow (BM) during three passages and showed that hPL or PR-hPL at 8% triggered comparable BM-hMSC proliferation as FBS at 10% plus bFGF. Moreover, after proliferation of hMSCs in an hPL- or PR-hPL-containing medium, their profile of membrane marker expression, their clonogenic potential and immunosuppressive properties were maintained, in comparison with BM-hMSCs cultured under FBS conditions. The potential to differentiate towards the adipogenic and osteogenic lineages of hMSCs cultured in parallel in the three conditions also remained identical. Conclusion / Significance We demonstrated the feasibility of using UV-C-treated platelets to subsequently obtain pathogen-reduced hPL, while preserving its optimal quality and efficacy for hMSC expansion in cell therapy applications.
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Tozetti PA, Caruso SR, Mizukami A, Fernandes TR, da Silva FB, Traina F, Covas DT, Orellana MD, Swiech K. Expansion strategies for human mesenchymal stromal cells culture under xeno-free conditions. Biotechnol Prog 2017; 33:1358-1367. [DOI: 10.1002/btpr.2494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2016] [Revised: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia Aparecida Tozetti
- Hemotherapy Center of Ribeirão Preto; Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo; Ribeirão Preto SP Brazil
| | - Samia Rigotto Caruso
- Hemotherapy Center of Ribeirão Preto; Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo; Ribeirão Preto SP Brazil
| | - Amanda Mizukami
- Hemotherapy Center of Ribeirão Preto; Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo; Ribeirão Preto SP Brazil
| | - Taisa Risque Fernandes
- Hemotherapy Center of Ribeirão Preto; Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo; Ribeirão Preto SP Brazil
| | - Fernanda Borges da Silva
- Dept. of Internal Medicine; Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo; Ribeirão Preto SP Brazil
| | - Fabiola Traina
- Dept. of Internal Medicine; Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo; Ribeirão Preto SP Brazil
| | - Dimas Tadeu Covas
- Hemotherapy Center of Ribeirão Preto; Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo; Ribeirão Preto SP Brazil
- Dept. of Internal Medicine; Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo; Ribeirão Preto SP Brazil
| | - Maristela Delgado Orellana
- Hemotherapy Center of Ribeirão Preto; Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo; Ribeirão Preto SP Brazil
| | - Kamilla Swiech
- Dept. of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto; University of São Paulo; Ribeirão Preto SP Brazil
- Hemotherapy Center of Ribeirão Preto; Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo; Ribeirão Preto SP Brazil
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Girdlestone J. Mesenchymal stromal cells with enhanced therapeutic properties. Immunotherapy 2016; 8:1405-1416. [DOI: 10.2217/imt-2016-0098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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Sellberg F, Berglund E, Ronaghi M, Strandberg G, Löf H, Sommar P, Lubenow N, Knutson F, Berglund D. Composition of growth factors and cytokines in lysates obtained from fresh versus stored pathogen-inactivated platelet units. Transfus Apher Sci 2016; 55:333-337. [DOI: 10.1016/j.transci.2016.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2016] [Revised: 08/29/2016] [Accepted: 08/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Liu Y, Liu H, Liu H, He P, Li J, Liu X, Chen L, Wang M, Xi J, Wang H, Zhang H, Zhu Y, Zhu W, Ning J, Guo C, Sun C, Zhang M. Dendritic cell-activated cytokine-induced killer cell-mediated immunotherapy is safe and effective for cancer patients >65 years old. Oncol Lett 2016; 12:5205-5210. [PMID: 28105230 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2016.5337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2015] [Accepted: 08/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Individuals >65 years old account for a large proportion of cancer patients, and usually have poor prognoses due to relative weaker physiological function and lower drug tolerance. To characterize the efficacy and safety of dendritic cell (DC)-activated cytokine-induced killer cell (CIK)-mediated treatment, and develop an adoptive immunotherapy for cancer patients >65 years old, a retrospective study was performed in 58 cancer sufferers who received 1-4 cycles of DC-activated CIK (DC-CIK) treatment and evaluated the response (tumor remission rate) and toxicity (side effects to the treatment). The present results showed that DCs and CIKs could be expanded rapidly in vitro, and following co-culture with DCs, the population of cluster of differentiation (CD) 3+, CD3+CD4+, CD3+CD8+ and CD3+CD56+ CIKs was significantly increased compared to CIKs without DC activation (P=0.044). In addition, DC-CIK infusion produced marked clinical outcomes, resulting in an objective remission rate, overall clinical benefit rate and Karnofsky performance status of 44.83, 75.86 and 87.28±5.46%, respectively, which was significantly improved compared with prior to treatment (P<0.05). Additionally, subsequent to two cycles of this immunotherapy, several tumor marker expression levels declined, returning to the normal range. The proportion of CD3+CD4+ (P=0.017) and CD3+CD8+ (P=0.023) lymphocytes, and the population of CD4/CD8 cells (P=0.024) were also increased. In conclusion, the present study suggests that the immunotherapy mediated by DC-CIK is safe and effective for cancer patients aged >65 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfeng Liu
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China; Department of Hematology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Haibo Liu
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China; Biological Immune Therapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Hausheng Liu
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China; Biological Immune Therapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Pengcheng He
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China; Biological Immune Therapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China; Biological Immune Therapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Xin Liu
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China; Biological Immune Therapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Limei Chen
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China; Biological Immune Therapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Mengchang Wang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China; Biological Immune Therapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Jiejing Xi
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China; Biological Immune Therapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Huaiyu Wang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China; Biological Immune Therapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Haitao Zhang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China; Biological Immune Therapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Ying Zhu
- Biological Immune Therapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Wei Zhu
- Biological Immune Therapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Jing Ning
- Biological Immune Therapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Caili Guo
- Biological Immune Therapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Chunhong Sun
- Biological Immune Therapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Mei Zhang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China; Biological Immune Therapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
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Potency testing of mesenchymal stromal cell growth expanded in human platelet lysate from different human tissues. Stem Cell Res Ther 2016; 7:122. [PMID: 27557940 PMCID: PMC4997686 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-016-0383-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2016] [Revised: 07/14/2016] [Accepted: 08/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have been largely investigated, in the past decade, as potential therapeutic strategies for various acute and chronic pathological conditions. MSCs isolated from different sources, such as bone marrow (BM), umbilical cord tissue (UCT) and adipose tissue (AT), share many biological features, although they may show some differences on cumulative yield, proliferative ability and differentiation potential. The standardization of MSCs growth and their functional amplification is a mandatory objective of cell therapies. The aim of this study was to evaluate the cumulative yield and the ex vivo amplification potential of MSCs obtained from various sources and different subjects, using defined culture conditions with a standardized platelet lysate (PL) as growth stimulus. Methods MSCs isolated from BM, UCT and AT and expanded in human PL were compared in terms of cumulative yield and growth potential per gram of starting tissue. MSCs morphology, phenotype, differentiation potential, and immunomodulatory properties were also investigated to evaluate their biological characteristics. Results The use of standardized PL-based culture conditions resulted in a very low variability of MSC growth. Our data showed that AT has the greater capacity to generate MSC per gram of initial tissue, compared to BM and UCT. However, UCT-MSCs replicated faster than AT-MSCs and BM-MSCs, revealing a greater proliferation capacity of this source irrespective of its lower MSC yield. All MSCs exhibited the typical MSC phenotype and the ability to differentiate into all mesodermal lineages, while BM-MSCs showed the most prominent immunosuppressive effect in vitro. Conclusions The adoption of standardized culture conditions may help researchers and clinicians to reveal particular characteristics and inter-individual variability of MSCs sourced from different tissues. These data will be beneficial to set the standards for tissue collection and MSCs clinical-scale expansion both for cell banking and for cell-based therapy settings.
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Astori G, Amati E, Bambi F, Bernardi M, Chieregato K, Schäfer R, Sella S, Rodeghiero F. Platelet lysate as a substitute for animal serum for the ex-vivo expansion of mesenchymal stem/stromal cells: present and future. Stem Cell Res Ther 2016; 7:93. [PMID: 27411942 PMCID: PMC4944312 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-016-0352-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of fetal bovine serum (FBS) as a cell culture supplement is discouraged by regulatory authorities to limit the risk of zoonoses and xenogeneic immune reactions in the transplanted host. Additionally, FBS production came under scrutiny due to animal welfare concerns. Platelet derivatives have been proposed as FBS substitutes for the ex-vivo expansion of mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) since platelet-derived growth factors can promote MSC ex-vivo expansion. Platelet-derived growth factors are present in platelet lysate (PL) obtained after repeated freezing–thawing cycles of the platelet-rich plasma or by applying physiological stimuli such as thrombin or CaCl2. PL-expanded MSCs have been used already in the clinic, taking advantage of their faster proliferation compared with FBS-expanded preparations. Should PL be applied to other biopharmaceutical products, its demand is likely to increase dramatically. The use of fresh platelet units for the production of PL raises concerns due to limited availability of platelet donors. Expired units might represent an alternative, but further data are needed to define safety, including pathogen reduction, and functionality of the obtained PL. In addition, relevant questions concerning the definition of PL release criteria, including concentration ranges of specific growth factors in PL batches for various clinical indications, also need to be addressed. We are still far from a common definition of PL and standardized PL manufacture due to our limited knowledge of the mechanisms that mediate PL-promoting cell growth. Here, we concisely discuss aspects of PL as MSC culture supplement as a preliminary step towards an agreed definition of the required characteristics of PL for the requirements of manufacturers and users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Astori
- Advanced Cellular Therapy Laboratory, Department of Cellular Therapy and Hematology, San Bortolo Hospital, Via Rodolfi 37, 36100, Vicenza, Italy.
| | - Eliana Amati
- Advanced Cellular Therapy Laboratory, Department of Cellular Therapy and Hematology, San Bortolo Hospital, Via Rodolfi 37, 36100, Vicenza, Italy
| | - Franco Bambi
- Transfusion Medicine and Cell Therapy, "A. Meyer" University Children's Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Martina Bernardi
- Advanced Cellular Therapy Laboratory, Department of Cellular Therapy and Hematology, San Bortolo Hospital, Via Rodolfi 37, 36100, Vicenza, Italy.,Hematology Project Foundation, Contrà S. Francesco 41, Vicenza, Italy
| | - Katia Chieregato
- Advanced Cellular Therapy Laboratory, Department of Cellular Therapy and Hematology, San Bortolo Hospital, Via Rodolfi 37, 36100, Vicenza, Italy.,Hematology Project Foundation, Contrà S. Francesco 41, Vicenza, Italy
| | - Richard Schäfer
- Department of Cell Therapeutics & Cell Processing, Institute for Transfusion Medicine and Immunohaematology, German Red Cross Blood Donor Service, Baden-Württemberg-Hessen gGmbH, Goethe-University Hospital, Sandhofstrasse 1, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Sabrina Sella
- Advanced Cellular Therapy Laboratory, Department of Cellular Therapy and Hematology, San Bortolo Hospital, Via Rodolfi 37, 36100, Vicenza, Italy
| | - Francesco Rodeghiero
- Advanced Cellular Therapy Laboratory, Department of Cellular Therapy and Hematology, San Bortolo Hospital, Via Rodolfi 37, 36100, Vicenza, Italy.,Hematology Project Foundation, Contrà S. Francesco 41, Vicenza, Italy
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Kao YC, Bailey A, Samminger B, Tanimoto J, Burnouf T. Removal process of prion and parvovirus from human platelet lysates used as clinical-grade supplement for ex vivo cell expansion. Cytotherapy 2016; 18:911-24. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2016.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2015] [Revised: 02/26/2016] [Accepted: 04/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Muraglia A, Todeschi MR, Papait A, Poggi A, Spanò R, Strada P, Cancedda R, Mastrogiacomo M. Combined platelet and plasma derivatives enhance proliferation of stem/progenitor cells maintaining their differentiation potential. Cytotherapy 2016; 17:1793-806. [PMID: 26589754 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2015.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2015] [Revised: 08/31/2015] [Accepted: 09/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AIMS Platelet derivatives have been proposed as alternatives to animal sera given that for cell therapy applications, the use of fetal bovine/calf serum (FBS/FCS) is subjected to severe limitations for safety and ethical concerns. We developed a cell culture medium additive obtained by the combination of two blood-derived standardized components. METHODS A platelet lysate (PL) and a platelet-poor plasma (PPP) were produced in a lyophilized form. Each component was characterized for its growth factor content (platelet-derived growth factor-BB/vascular endothelial growth factor). PL and PPP were used as single components or in combination in different ratio at cumulative 5% final concentration in the culture medium. RESULTS The single components were less effective than the component combination. In primary cell cultures (bone marrow stromal cells, adipose derived adult stem cells, osteoblasts, chondrocytes, umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stromal cells, lymphocytes), the PL/PPP supplement promoted an increased cell proliferation in respect to the standard FCS culture in a dose-dependent manner, maintaining the cell functionality, clonogenicity, phenotype and differentiative properties throughout the culture. At a different component ratio, the supplement was also used to support proliferation of a cell line (U-937). CONCLUSIONS The PL/PPP supplement is an efficient cell culture medium additive that can replace FCS to promote cell proliferation. It can outdo FCS, especially when adopted in primary cultures from tissue biopsies. Moreover, the dual component nature of the supplement allows the researcher to determine the more appropriate ratio of the two components for the nutritional and functional requirements of the cell type of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Andrea Papait
- DIMES, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy; IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genoa, Italy
| | - Alessandro Poggi
- IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genoa, Italy
| | - Raffaele Spanò
- DIMES, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy; IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genoa, Italy
| | - Paolo Strada
- IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genoa, Italy
| | - Ranieri Cancedda
- DIMES, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy; IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genoa, Italy
| | - Maddalena Mastrogiacomo
- DIMES, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy; IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genoa, Italy.
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Standardizing Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stromal Cells for Translation to Clinical Use: Selection of GMP-Compliant Medium and a Simplified Isolation Method. Stem Cells Int 2016; 2016:6810980. [PMID: 26966439 PMCID: PMC4757747 DOI: 10.1155/2016/6810980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2015] [Accepted: 12/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Umbilical cord derived mesenchymal stromal cells (UC-MSCs) are a focus for clinical translation but standardized methods for isolation and expansion are lacking. Previously we published isolation and expansion methods for UC-MSCs which presented challenges when considering good manufacturing practices (GMP) for clinical translation. Here, a new and more standardized method for isolation and expansion of UC-MSCs is described. The new method eliminates dissection of blood vessels and uses a closed-vessel dissociation following enzymatic digestion which reduces contamination risk and manipulation time. The new method produced >10 times more cells per cm of UC than our previous method. When biographical variables were compared, more UC-MSCs per gram were isolated after vaginal birth compared to Caesarian-section births, an unexpected result. UC-MSCs were expanded in medium enriched with 2%, 5%, or 10% pooled human platelet lysate (HPL) eliminating the xenogeneic serum components. When the HPL concentrations were compared, media supplemented with 10% HPL had the highest growth rate, smallest cells, and the most viable cells at passage. UC-MSCs grown in 10% HPL had surface marker expression typical of MSCs, high colony forming efficiency, and could undergo trilineage differentiation. The new protocol standardizes manufacturing of UC-MSCs and enables clinical translation.
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Mareschi K, Castiglia S, Sanavio F, Rustichelli D, Muraro M, Defedele D, Bergallo M, Fagioli F. Immunoregulatory effects on T lymphocytes by human mesenchymal stromal cells isolated from bone marrow, amniotic fluid, and placenta. Exp Hematol 2016; 44:138-150.e1. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2015.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2015] [Revised: 09/22/2015] [Accepted: 10/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Abstract
Biomaterials have played an increasingly prominent role in the success of biomedical devices and in the development of tissue engineering, which seeks to unlock the regenerative potential innate to human tissues/organs in a state of deterioration and to restore or reestablish normal bodily function. Advances in our understanding of regenerative biomaterials and their roles in new tissue formation can potentially open a new frontier in the fast-growing field of regenerative medicine. Taking inspiration from the role and multi-component construction of native extracellular matrices (ECMs) for cell accommodation, the synthetic biomaterials produced today routinely incorporate biologically active components to define an artificial in vivo milieu with complex and dynamic interactions that foster and regulate stem cells, similar to the events occurring in a natural cellular microenvironment. The range and degree of biomaterial sophistication have also dramatically increased as more knowledge has accumulated through materials science, matrix biology and tissue engineering. However, achieving clinical translation and commercial success requires regenerative biomaterials to be not only efficacious and safe but also cost-effective and convenient for use and production. Utilizing biomaterials of human origin as building blocks for therapeutic purposes has provided a facilitated approach that closely mimics the critical aspects of natural tissue with regard to its physical and chemical properties for the orchestration of wound healing and tissue regeneration. In addition to directly using tissue transfers and transplants for repair, new applications of human-derived biomaterials are now focusing on the use of naturally occurring biomacromolecules, decellularized ECM scaffolds and autologous preparations rich in growth factors/non-expanded stem cells to either target acceleration/magnification of the body's own repair capacity or use nature's paradigms to create new tissues for restoration. In particular, there is increasing interest in separating ECMs into simplified functional domains and/or biopolymeric assemblies so that these components/constituents can be discretely exploited and manipulated for the production of bioscaffolds and new biomimetic biomaterials. Here, following an overview of tissue auto-/allo-transplantation, we discuss the recent trends and advances as well as the challenges and future directions in the evolution and application of human-derived biomaterials for reconstructive surgery and tissue engineering. In particular, we focus on an exploration of the structural, mechanical, biochemical and biological information present in native human tissue for bioengineering applications and to provide inspiration for the design of future biomaterials.
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Panchalingam KM, Jung S, Rosenberg L, Behie LA. Bioprocessing strategies for the large-scale production of human mesenchymal stem cells: a review. Stem Cell Res Ther 2015; 6:225. [PMID: 26597928 PMCID: PMC4657237 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-015-0228-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs), also called mesenchymal stromal cells, have been of great interest in regenerative medicine applications because of not only their differentiation potential but also their ability to secrete bioactive factors that can modulate the immune system and promote tissue repair. This potential has initiated many early-phase clinical studies for the treatment of various diseases, disorders, and injuries by using either hMSCs themselves or their secreted products. Currently, hMSCs for clinical use are generated through conventional static adherent cultures in the presence of fetal bovine serum or human-sourced supplements. However, these methods suffer from variable culture conditions (i.e., ill-defined medium components and heterogeneous culture environment) and thus are not ideal procedures to meet the expected future demand of quality-assured hMSCs for human therapeutic use. Optimizing a bioprocess to generate hMSCs or their secreted products (or both) promises to improve the efficacy as well as safety of this stem cell therapy. In this review, current media and methods for hMSC culture are outlined and bioprocess development strategies discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishna M Panchalingam
- Pharmaceutical Production Research Facility, Schulich School of Engineering, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Sunghoon Jung
- Pharmaceutical Production Research Facility, Schulich School of Engineering, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Lawrence Rosenberg
- Department of Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, 845 Rue Sherbrooke Quest, Montreal, QC, H3G 1A4, Canada.,Jewish General Hospital, 3755 Chemin de la Côte-Ste-Catherine Road, Montreal, QC, H3T 1E2, Canada
| | - Leo A Behie
- Pharmaceutical Production Research Facility, Schulich School of Engineering, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 1N4, Canada.
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Laner-Plamberger S, Lener T, Schmid D, Streif DA, Salzer T, Öller M, Hauser-Kronberger C, Fischer T, Jacobs VR, Schallmoser K, Gimona M, Rohde E. Mechanical fibrinogen-depletion supports heparin-free mesenchymal stem cell propagation in human platelet lysate. J Transl Med 2015; 13:354. [PMID: 26554451 PMCID: PMC4641400 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-015-0717-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2015] [Accepted: 10/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Pooled human platelet lysate (pHPL) is an efficient alternative to xenogenic supplements for ex vivo expansion of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in clinical studies. Currently, porcine heparin is used in pHPL-supplemented medium to prevent clotting due to plasmatic coagulation factors. We therefore searched for an efficient and reproducible medium preparation method that avoids clot formation while omitting animal-derived heparin. Methods We established a protocol to deplete fibrinogen by clotting of pHPL in medium, subsequent mechanical hydrogel disruption and removal of the fibrin pellet. After primary culture, bone-marrow and umbilical cord derived MSCs were tested for surface markers by flow cytometry and for trilineage differentiation capacity. Proliferation and clonogenicity were analyzed for three passages. Results The proposed clotting procedure reduced fibrinogen more than 1000-fold, while a volume recovery of 99.5 % was obtained. All MSC types were propagated in standard and fibrinogen-depleted medium. Flow cytometric phenotype profiles and adipogenic, osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation potential in vitro were independent of MSC-source or medium type. Enhanced proliferation of MSCs was observed in the absence of fibrinogen but presence of heparin compared to standard medium. Interestingly, this proliferative response to heparin was not detected after an initial contact with fibrinogen during the isolation procedure. Conclusions Here, we present an efficient, reproducible and economical method in compliance to good manufacturing practice for the preparation of MSC media avoiding xenogenic components and suitable for clinical studies. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12967-015-0717-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Laner-Plamberger
- Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria. .,Department of Blood Group Serology and Transfusion Medicine, Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University, Lindhofstrasse 20-22, 5020, Salzburg, Austria.
| | - Thomas Lener
- Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria. .,Department of Blood Group Serology and Transfusion Medicine, Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University, Lindhofstrasse 20-22, 5020, Salzburg, Austria.
| | - Doris Schmid
- Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria. .,Department of Blood Group Serology and Transfusion Medicine, Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University, Lindhofstrasse 20-22, 5020, Salzburg, Austria.
| | - Doris A Streif
- Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria. .,Department of Blood Group Serology and Transfusion Medicine, Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University, Lindhofstrasse 20-22, 5020, Salzburg, Austria.
| | - Tina Salzer
- Department of Blood Group Serology and Transfusion Medicine, Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University, Lindhofstrasse 20-22, 5020, Salzburg, Austria.
| | - Michaela Öller
- Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria. .,Department of Blood Group Serology and Transfusion Medicine, Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University, Lindhofstrasse 20-22, 5020, Salzburg, Austria.
| | | | - Thorsten Fischer
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria.
| | - Volker R Jacobs
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria.
| | - Katharina Schallmoser
- Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria. .,Department of Blood Group Serology and Transfusion Medicine, Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University, Lindhofstrasse 20-22, 5020, Salzburg, Austria.
| | - Mario Gimona
- Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria. .,Department of Blood Group Serology and Transfusion Medicine, Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University, Lindhofstrasse 20-22, 5020, Salzburg, Austria.
| | - Eva Rohde
- Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria. .,Department of Blood Group Serology and Transfusion Medicine, Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University, Lindhofstrasse 20-22, 5020, Salzburg, Austria.
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Burnouf T, Strunk D, Koh MBC, Schallmoser K. Human platelet lysate: Replacing fetal bovine serum as a gold standard for human cell propagation? Biomaterials 2015; 76:371-87. [PMID: 26561934 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2015.10.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 318] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2015] [Revised: 10/16/2015] [Accepted: 10/26/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The essential physiological role of platelets in wound healing and tissue repair builds the rationale for the use of human platelet derivatives in regenerative medicine. Abundant growth factors and cytokines stored in platelet granules can be naturally released by thrombin activation and clotting or artificially by freeze/thaw-mediated platelet lysis, sonication or chemical treatment. Human platelet lysate prepared by the various release strategies has been established as a suitable alternative to fetal bovine serum as culture medium supplement, enabling efficient propagation of human cells under animal serum-free conditions for a multiplicity of applications in advanced somatic cell therapy and tissue engineering. The rapidly increasing number of studies using platelet derived products for inducing human cell proliferation and differentiation has also uncovered a considerable variability of human platelet lysate preparations which limits comparability of results. The main variations discussed herein encompass aspects of donor selection, preparation of the starting material, the possibility for pooling in plasma or additive solution, the implementation of pathogen inactivation and consideration of ABO blood groups, all of which can influence applicability. This review outlines the current knowledge about human platelet lysate as a powerful additive for human cell propagation and highlights its role as a prevailing supplement for human cell culture capable to replace animal serum in a growing spectrum of applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thierry Burnouf
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Dirk Strunk
- Experimental & Clinical Cell Therapy Institute, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria; Spinal Cord Injury & Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria.
| | - Mickey B C Koh
- Blood Services Group, Health Sciences Authority, Singapore; Department for Hematology, St George's Hospital and Medical School, London, UK
| | - Katharina Schallmoser
- Spinal Cord Injury & Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria; Department for Blood Group Serology and Transfusion Medicine, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria.
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