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Wu J, Feng Y, Wang Y, He X, Chen Z, Lan D, Wu X, Wen J, Tsung A, Wang X, Ma J, Wu Y. MG53 binding to CAV3 facilitates activation of eNOS/NO signaling pathway to enhance the therapeutic benefits of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells in diabetic wound healing. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 136:112410. [PMID: 38843641 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/17/2024]
Abstract
Impaired wound healing in diabetes results from a complex interplay of factors that disrupt epithelialization and wound closure. MG53, a tripartite motif (TRIM) family protein, plays a key role in repairing cell membrane damage and facilitating tissue regeneration. In this study, bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) were transduced with lentiviral vectors overexpressing MG53 to investigate their efficacy in diabetic wound healing. Using a db/db mouse wound model, we observed that BMSCs-MG53 significantly enhanced diabetic wound healing. This improvement was associated with marked increase in re-epithelialization and vascularization. BMSCs-MG53 promoted recruitment and survival of BMSCs, as evidenced by an increase in MG53/Ki67-positive BMSCs and their improved response to scratch wounding. The combination therapy also promoted angiogenesis in diabetic wound tissues by upregulating the expression of angiogenic growth factors. MG53 overexpression accelerated the differentiation of BMSCs into endothelial cells, manifested as the formation of mature vascular network structure and a remarkable increase in DiI-Ac-LDL uptake. Our mechanistic investigation revealed that MG53 binds to caveolin-3 (CAV3) and subsequently increases phosphorylation of eNOS, thereby activating eNOS/NO signaling. Notably, CAV3 knockdown reversed the promoting effects of MG53 on BMSCs endothelial differentiation. Overall, our findings support the notion that MG53 binds to CAV3, activates eNOS/NO signaling pathway, and accelerates the therapeutic effect of BMSCs in the context of diabetic wound healing. These insights hold promise for the development of innovative strategies for treating diabetic-related impairments in wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junwei Wu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yiyuan Feng
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xiangfei He
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zheyu Chen
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Dongyang Lan
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xinchao Wu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jianguo Wen
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Allan Tsung
- Division of Surgical Sciences, Department of Surgery, University of Virginia, VA, USA
| | - Xinxin Wang
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
| | - Jianjie Ma
- Division of Surgical Sciences, Department of Surgery, University of Virginia, VA, USA.
| | - Yudong Wu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
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Choudhury S, Madhu Krishna M, Sen D, Ghosh S, Basak P, Das A. 3D Porous Polymer Scaffold-Conjugated KGF-Mimetic Peptide Promotes Functional Skin Regeneration in Chronic Diabetic Wounds. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:37418-37434. [PMID: 38980153 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c02633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
The re-epithelialization process gets severely dysregulated in chronic nonhealing diabetic foot ulcers/wounds. Keratinocyte growth factor (KGF or FGF-7) is the major modulator of the re-epithelialization process, which regulates the physiological phenotypes of cutaneous keratinocytes. The existing therapeutic strategies of growth factor administration have several limitations. To overcome these, we have designed a KGF-mimetic peptide (KGFp, 13mer) based on the receptor interaction sites in murine KGF. KGFp enhanced migration and transdifferentiation of mouse bone marrow-derived MSCs toward keratinocyte-like cells (KLCs). A significant increase in the expression of skin-specific markers Bnc1 (28.5-fold), Ck5 (14.6-fold), Ck14 (26.1-fold), Ck10 (187.7-fold), and epithelial markers EpCam (23.3-fold) and Cdh1 (64.2-fold) was associated with the activation of ERK1/2 and STAT3 molecular signaling in the KLCs. Further, to enhance the stability of KGFp in the wound microenvironment, it was conjugated to biocompatible 3D porous polymer scaffolds without compromising its active binding sites followed by chemical characterization using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, field-emission scanning electron microscopy, dynamic mechanical analysis, and thermogravimetry. In vitro evaluation of the KGFp-conjugated 3D polymer scaffolds revealed its potential for transdifferentiation of MSCs into KLCs. Transplantation of allogeneic MSCGFP using KGFp-conjugated 3D polymer scaffolds in chronic nonhealing type 2 diabetic wounds (db/db transgenic, 50-52 weeks old male mice) significantly enhanced re-epithelialization-mediated wound closure rate (79.3%) as compared to the control groups (Untransplanted -22.4%, MSCGFP-3D polymer scaffold -38.5%). Thus, KGFp-conjugated 3D porous polymer scaffolds drive the fate of the MSCs toward keratinocytes that may serve as potential stem cell delivery platform technology for tissue engineering and transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subholakshmi Choudhury
- Department of Applied Biology, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, Telangana, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Mangali Madhu Krishna
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Department of Polymers and Functional Materials, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, Telangana, India
| | - Debanjan Sen
- BCDA College of Pharmacy and Technology, Hridaypur, Kolkata 700127, West Bengal, India
| | - Subhash Ghosh
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Department of Organic Synthesis and Process Chemistry, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, Telangana, India
| | - Pratyay Basak
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Department of Polymers and Functional Materials, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, Telangana, India
| | - Amitava Das
- Department of Applied Biology, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, Telangana, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Chawla S, Choudhury S, Das A. Bioengineered MSC GFPCxcr2-Mmp13 Transplantation Alleviates Hepatic Fibrosis by Regulating Mammalian Target of Rapamycin Signaling. Antioxid Redox Signal 2024; 41:110-137. [PMID: 38183635 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2023.0390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
Aims: Hepatic fibrosis is the pathological change during chronic liver diseases (CLD) that turns into cirrhosis if not reversed timely. Allogenic mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy is an alternative to liver transplantation for CLD. However, poor engraftment of the transplanted MSCs limits their therapeutic efficacy. MSCs express chemokine receptors that regulate their physiology. We observed several-fold increased expressions of Cxcl3 and decreased expression of Mmp13 in the fibrotic liver. Therefore, we bioengineered MSCs with stable overexpression of Cxcr2 (CXCL3-cognate receptor) and Mmp13, collagenase (MSCGFPCxcr2-Mmp13). Results: The CXCL3/CXCR2 axis significantly increased migration through the activation of AKT/ERK/mTOR signaling. These bioengineered MSCs transdifferentiated into hepatocyte-like cells (MSCGFPCxcr2-Mmp13-HLCs) that endured the drug-/hepatotoxicant-induced toxicity by significantly increasing the antioxidants-Nrf2 and Sod2, while decreasing the apoptosis-Cyt C, Casp3, Casp9, and drug-metabolizing enzyme-Cyp1A1, Cyp1A2, Cyp2E1 markers. Therapeutic transplantation of MSCGFPCxcr2-Mmp13 abrogated AAP-/CCl4-induced hepatic fibrosis in mice by CXCR2-mediated targeted engraftment and MMP-13-mediated reduction in collagen. Mechanistically, induction of CXCL3/CXCR2 axis-activated mTOR-p70S6K signaling led to increased targeted engraftment and modulation of the oxidative stress by increasing the expression and activity of nuclear Nrf2 and SOD2 expression in the regenerated hepatic tissues. A marked change in the fate of transplanted MSCGFPCxcr2-Mmp13 toward hepatocyte lineage demonstrated by co-immunostaining of GFP/HNF4α along with reduced COL1α1 facilitated the regeneration of the fibrotic liver. Innovation and Conclusions: Our study suggests the therapeutic role of allogenic Cxcr2/Mmp13-bioengineered MSC transplantation decreases the hepatic oxidative stress as an effective translational therapy for hepatic fibrosis mitigation-mediated liver regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilpa Chawla
- Department of Applied Biology, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Subholakshmi Choudhury
- Department of Applied Biology, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Amitava Das
- Department of Applied Biology, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
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Choudhury S, Dhoke NR, Chawla S, Das A. Bioengineered MSC Cxcr2 transdifferentiated keratinocyte-like cell-derived organoid potentiates skin regeneration through ERK1/2 and STAT3 signaling in diabetic wound. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:172. [PMID: 38597972 PMCID: PMC11006766 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-05057-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Skin regeneration is severely compromised in diabetic foot ulcers. Allogeneic mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) transplantation is limited due to the poor engraftment, mitogenic, and differentiation potential in the harsh wound microenvironment. Thus, to improve the efficacy of cell therapy, the chemokine receptor Cxcr2 was overexpressed in MSCs (MSCCxcr2). CXCL2/CXCR2 axis induction led to the enhanced proliferation of MSCs through the activation of STAT3 and ERK1/2 signaling. Transcriptional upregulation of FGFR2IIIb (KGF Receptor) promoter by the activated STAT3 and ERK1/2 suggested trans-differentiation of MSCs into keratinocytes. These stable MSCCxcr2 in 2D and 3D (spheroid) cell cultures efficiently transdifferentiated into keratinocyte-like cells (KLCs). An in vivo therapeutic potential of MSCCxcr2 transplantation and its keratinocyte-specific cell fate was observed by accelerated skin tissue regeneration in an excisional splinting wound healing murine model of streptozotocin-induced type 1 diabetes. Finally, 3D skin organoids generated using MSCCxcr2-derived KLCs upon grafting in a relatively avascular and non-healing wounds of type 2 diabetic db/db transgenic old mice resulted in a significant enhancement in the rate of wound closure by increased epithelialization (epidermal layer) and endothelialization (dermal layer). Our findings emphasize the therapeutic role of the CXCL2/CXCR2 axis in inducing trans-differentiation of the MSCs toward KLCs through the activation of ERK1/2 and STAT3 signaling and enhanced skin regeneration potential of 3D organoids grafting in chronic diabetic wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subholakshmi Choudhury
- Department of Applied Biology, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad, 500007, TS, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Neha R Dhoke
- Department of Applied Biology, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad, 500007, TS, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Shilpa Chawla
- Department of Applied Biology, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad, 500007, TS, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Amitava Das
- Department of Applied Biology, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad, 500007, TS, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
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Bajetto A, Pattarozzi A, Sirito R, Barbieri F, Florio T. Metformin potentiates immunosuppressant activity and adipogenic differentiation of human umbilical cord-mesenchymal stem cells. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 124:111078. [PMID: 37844465 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.111078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
Metformin, a first-line drug for type-2 diabetes, displays pleiotropic effects on inflammation, aging, and cancer. Obesity triggers a low-grade chronic inflammation leading to insulin resistance, characterized by increased pro-inflammatory cytokines produced by adipocytes and infiltrated immune cells, which contributes to metabolic syndrome. We investigated metformin's differentiation and immunoregulatory properties of human umbilical cord-mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSC), as cellular basis of its beneficial role in metabolic dysfunctions. Isolation, characterization and multilineage differentiation of UC-MSC were performed using standard protocols and flow-cytometry. Metformin effects on UC-MSC growth was assessed by colony formation and MTT assay, gene and protein expression by qRT-PCR, and western blot analysis. Proliferation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) co-cultured with metformin-treated UC-MSC-conditioned media was evaluated by dye dilution assay. We show that metformin decreases proliferation and colony formation of UC-MSCs and enhances their adipogenic lineage commitment. Metformin (3 mM) increases PPARγ and downregulates FABP4 mRNA both in basal and in adipogenic culture conditions; however, the modulation of PPARγ expression is unrelated to the antiproliferative effects. Moreover, metformin inhibits UC-MSC inflammatory activity reducing the expression of IL-6, MCP-1, and COX-2. Conditioned media, collected from metformin-treated UC-MSCs, down-regulate CD3+ T lymphocyte growth in stimulated PBMCs and, in particular, reduce the CD8+ T cell population. These results indicate that metformin may favor new adipocyte formation and potentiate immune suppressive properties of UC-MSCs. Thus, adipose tissue regeneration and anti-inflammatory activity may represent possible mechanisms by which metformin exerts its positive effect on lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Bajetto
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Alessandra Pattarozzi
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Rodolfo Sirito
- Section of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, International Evangelical Hospital, 16122 Genova, Italy
| | - Federica Barbieri
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Tullio Florio
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy; IRCCS, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy.
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6
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Urzì O, Gasparro R, Costanzo E, De Luca A, Giavaresi G, Fontana S, Alessandro R. Three-Dimensional Cell Cultures: The Bridge between In Vitro and In Vivo Models. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12046. [PMID: 37569426 PMCID: PMC10419178 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Although historically, the traditional bidimensional in vitro cell system has been widely used in research, providing much fundamental information regarding cellular functions and signaling pathways as well as nuclear activities, the simplicity of this system does not fully reflect the heterogeneity and complexity of the in vivo systems. From this arises the need to use animals for experimental research and in vivo testing. Nevertheless, animal use in experimentation presents various aspects of complexity, such as ethical issues, which led Russell and Burch in 1959 to formulate the 3R (Replacement, Reduction, and Refinement) principle, underlying the urgent need to introduce non-animal-based methods in research. Considering this, three-dimensional (3D) models emerged in the scientific community as a bridge between in vitro and in vivo models, allowing for the achievement of cell differentiation and complexity while avoiding the use of animals in experimental research. The purpose of this review is to provide a general overview of the most common methods to establish 3D cell culture and to discuss their promising applications. Three-dimensional cell cultures have been employed as models to study both organ physiology and diseases; moreover, they represent a valuable tool for studying many aspects of cancer. Finally, the possibility of using 3D models for drug screening and regenerative medicine paves the way for the development of new therapeutic opportunities for many diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ornella Urzì
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics (Bi.N.D), Section of Biology and Genetics, University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy; (O.U.); (R.G.); (E.C.); (R.A.)
| | - Roberta Gasparro
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics (Bi.N.D), Section of Biology and Genetics, University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy; (O.U.); (R.G.); (E.C.); (R.A.)
| | - Elisa Costanzo
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics (Bi.N.D), Section of Biology and Genetics, University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy; (O.U.); (R.G.); (E.C.); (R.A.)
| | - Angela De Luca
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, SC Scienze e Tecnologie Chirurgiche, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (A.D.L.); (G.G.)
| | - Gianluca Giavaresi
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, SC Scienze e Tecnologie Chirurgiche, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (A.D.L.); (G.G.)
| | - Simona Fontana
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics (Bi.N.D), Section of Biology and Genetics, University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy; (O.U.); (R.G.); (E.C.); (R.A.)
| | - Riccardo Alessandro
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics (Bi.N.D), Section of Biology and Genetics, University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy; (O.U.); (R.G.); (E.C.); (R.A.)
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7
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Oliinyk D, Eigenberger A, Felthaus O, Haerteis S, Prantl L. Chorioallantoic Membrane Assay at the Cross-Roads of Adipose-Tissue-Derived Stem Cell Research. Cells 2023; 12:cells12040592. [PMID: 36831259 PMCID: PMC9953848 DOI: 10.3390/cells12040592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
With a history of more than 100 years of different applications in various scientific fields, the chicken chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay has proven itself to be an exceptional scientific model that meets the requirements of the replacement, reduction, and refinement principle (3R principle). As one of three extraembryonic avian membranes, the CAM is responsible for fetal respiration, metabolism, and protection. The model provides a unique constellation of immunological, vascular, and extracellular properties while being affordable and reliable at the same time. It can be utilized for research purposes in cancer biology, angiogenesis, virology, and toxicology and has recently been used for biochemistry, pharmaceutical research, and stem cell biology. Stem cells and, in particular, mesenchymal stem cells derived from adipose tissue (ADSCs) are emerging subjects for novel therapeutic strategies in the fields of tissue regeneration and personalized medicine. Because of their easy accessibility, differentiation profile, immunomodulatory properties, and cytokine repertoire, ADSCs have already been established for different preclinical applications in the files mentioned above. In this review, we aim to highlight and identify some of the cross-sections for the potential utilization of the CAM model for ADSC studies with a focus on wound healing and tissue engineering, as well as oncological research, e.g., sarcomas. Hereby, the focus lies on the combination of existing evidence and experience of such intersections with a potential utilization of the CAM model for further research on ADSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmytro Oliinyk
- Department of Plastic, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauss-Allee 11, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
- Correspondence:
| | - Andreas Eigenberger
- Department of Plastic, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauss-Allee 11, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Oliver Felthaus
- Department of Plastic, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauss-Allee 11, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Silke Haerteis
- Institute for Molecular and Cellular Anatomy, Faculty for Biology and Preclinical Medicine, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Lukas Prantl
- Department of Plastic, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauss-Allee 11, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
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Azari Z, Nazarnezhad S, Webster TJ, Hoseini SJ, Brouki Milan P, Baino F, Kargozar S. Stem Cell-Mediated Angiogenesis in Skin Tissue Engineering and Wound Healing. Wound Repair Regen 2022; 30:421-435. [PMID: 35638710 PMCID: PMC9543648 DOI: 10.1111/wrr.13033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The timely management of skin wounds has been an unmet clinical need for centuries. While there have been several attempts to accelerate wound healing and reduce the cost of hospitalisation and the healthcare burden, there remains a lack of efficient and effective wound healing approaches. In this regard, stem cell‐based therapies have garnered an outstanding position for the treatment of both acute and chronic skin wounds. Stem cells of different origins (e.g., embryo‐derived stem cells) have been utilised for managing cutaneous lesions; specifically, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) isolated from foetal (umbilical cord) and adult (bone marrow) tissues paved the way to more satisfactory outcomes. Since angiogenesis plays a critical role in all four stages of normal wound healing, recent therapeutic approaches have focused on utilising stem cells for inducing neovascularisation. In fact, stem cells can promote angiogenesis via either differentiation into endothelial lineages or secreting pro‐angiogenic exosomes. Furthermore, particular conditions (e.g., hypoxic environments) can be applied in order to boost the pro‐angiogenic capability of stem cells before transplantation. For tissue engineering and regenerative medicine applications, stem cells can be combined with specific types of pro‐angiogenic biocompatible materials (e.g., bioactive glasses) to enhance the neovascularisation process and subsequently accelerate wound healing. As such, this review article summarises such efforts emphasising the bright future that is conceivable when using pro‐angiogenic stem cells for treating acute and chronic skin wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoleikha Azari
- Department of Anatomy and cell Biology, School of Medicine, MashhadUniversity of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Simin Nazarnezhad
- Tissue Engineering Research Group (TERG), Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Seyed Javad Hoseini
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Nanotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Peiman Brouki Milan
- Cellular and Molecular Research Centre, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Francesco Baino
- Institute of Materials Physics and Engineering, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, Torino, Italy
| | - Saeid Kargozar
- Tissue Engineering Research Group (TERG), Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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9
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Flores AI, Pipino C, Jerman UD, Liarte S, Gindraux F, Kreft ME, Nicolas FJ, Pandolfi A, Tratnjek L, Giebel B, Pozzobon M, Silini AR, Parolini O, Eissner G, Lang-Olip I. Perinatal derivatives: How to best characterize their multimodal functions in vitro. Part C: Inflammation, angiogenesis, and wound healing. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:965006. [PMID: 35992360 PMCID: PMC9386263 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.965006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Perinatal derivatives (PnD) are birth-associated tissues, such as placenta, umbilical cord, amniotic and chorionic membrane, and thereof-derived cells as well as secretomes. PnD play an increasing therapeutic role with beneficial effects on the treatment of various diseases. The aim of this review is to elucidate the modes of action of non-hematopoietic PnD on inflammation, angiogenesis and wound healing. We describe the source and type of PnD with a special focus on their effects on inflammation and immune response, on vascular function as well as on cutaneous and oral wound healing, which is a complex process that comprises hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation (including epithelialization, angiogenesis), and remodeling. We further evaluate the different in vitro assays currently used for assessing selected functional and therapeutic PnD properties. This review is a joint effort from the COST SPRINT Action (CA17116) with the intention to promote PnD into the clinics. It is part of a quadrinomial series on functional assays for validation of PnD, spanning biological functions, such as immunomodulation, anti-microbial/anti-cancer activities, anti-inflammation, wound healing, angiogenesis, and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana I. Flores
- Regenerative Medicine Group, Research Institute Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, Spain
| | - Caterina Pipino
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University G. d’Annunzio Chieti-Pescara, StemTech Group, Chieti, Italy
| | - Urška Dragin Jerman
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Cell Biology, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Sergio Liarte
- Laboratorio de Regeneración, Oncología Molecular y TGF-β, IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
- *Correspondence: Günther Eissner, ; Sergio Liarte,
| | - Florelle Gindraux
- Service de Chirurgie Maxillo-Faciale, Stomatologie et Odontologie Hospitalière, CHU Besançon, Besançon, France
- Laboratoire de Nanomédecine, Imagerie, Thérapeutique EA 466, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | - Mateja Erdani Kreft
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Cell Biology, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Francisco J. Nicolas
- Laboratorio de Regeneración, Oncología Molecular y TGF-β, IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
| | - Assunta Pandolfi
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University G. d’Annunzio Chieti-Pescara, StemTech Group, Chieti, Italy
| | - Larisa Tratnjek
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Cell Biology, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Bernd Giebel
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Michela Pozzobon
- Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy and Foundation Institute of Pediatric Research Fondazione Città Della Speranza, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Ornella Parolini
- Department of Life Science and Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “Agostino Gemelli” IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Günther Eissner
- Systems Biology Ireland, School of Medicine, Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- *Correspondence: Günther Eissner, ; Sergio Liarte,
| | - Ingrid Lang-Olip
- Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
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10
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Pichlsberger M, Jerman UD, Obradović H, Tratnjek L, Macedo AS, Mendes F, Fonte P, Hoegler A, Sundl M, Fuchs J, Schoeberlein A, Kreft ME, Mojsilović S, Lang-Olip I. Systematic Review of the Application of Perinatal Derivatives in Animal Models on Cutaneous Wound Healing. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:742858. [PMID: 34631683 PMCID: PMC8498585 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.742858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Knowledge of the beneficial effects of perinatal derivatives (PnD) in wound healing goes back to the early 1900s when the human fetal amniotic membrane served as a biological dressing to treat burns and skin ulcerations. Since the twenty-first century, isolated cells from perinatal tissues and their secretomes have gained increasing scientific interest, as they can be obtained non-invasively, have anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, and anti-fibrotic characteristics, and are immunologically tolerated in vivo. Many studies that apply PnD in pre-clinical cutaneous wound healing models show large variations in the choice of the animal species (e.g., large animals, rodents), the choice of diabetic or non-diabetic animals, the type of injury (full-thickness wounds, burns, radiation-induced wounds, skin flaps), the source and type of PnD (placenta, umbilical cord, fetal membranes, cells, secretomes, tissue extracts), the method of administration (topical application, intradermal/subcutaneous injection, intravenous or intraperitoneal injection, subcutaneous implantation), and the type of delivery systems (e.g., hydrogels, synthetic or natural biomaterials as carriers for transplanted cells, extracts or secretomes). This review provides a comprehensive and integrative overview of the application of PnD in wound healing to assess its efficacy in preclinical animal models. We highlight the advantages and limitations of the most commonly used animal models and evaluate the impact of the type of PnD, the route of administration, and the dose of cells/secretome application in correlation with the wound healing outcome. This review is a collaborative effort from the COST SPRINT Action (CA17116), which broadly aims at approaching consensus for different aspects of PnD research, such as providing inputs for future standards for the preclinical application of PnD in wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie Pichlsberger
- Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Urška Dragin Jerman
- Institute of Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Hristina Obradović
- Group for Hematology and Stem Cells, Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Larisa Tratnjek
- Institute of Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Ana Sofia Macedo
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Department of Chemical Sciences-Applied Chemistry Lab, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Francisca Mendes
- iBB-Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Department of Bioengineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.,Associate Laboratory i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy at Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Pedro Fonte
- iBB-Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Department of Bioengineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.,Associate Laboratory i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy at Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.,Center for Marine Sciences (CCMar), Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal.,Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal
| | - Anja Hoegler
- Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Monika Sundl
- Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Julia Fuchs
- Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Andreina Schoeberlein
- Department of Obstetrics and Feto-maternal Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Mateja Erdani Kreft
- Institute of Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Slavko Mojsilović
- Group for Hematology and Stem Cells, Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ingrid Lang-Olip
- Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
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11
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Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation for Ischemic Diseases: Mechanisms and Challenges. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2021; 18:587-611. [PMID: 33884577 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-021-00334-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Revised: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic diseases are conditions associated with the restriction or blockage of blood supply to specific tissues. These conditions can cause moderate to severe complications in patients, and can lead to permanent disabilities. Since they are blood vessel-related diseases, ischemic diseases are usually treated with endothelial cells or endothelial progenitor cells that can regenerate new blood vessels. However, in recent years, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have shown potent bioeffects on angiogenesis, thus playing a role in blood regeneration. Indeed, MSCs can trigger angiogenesis at ischemic sites by several mechanisms related to their trans-differentiation potential. These mechanisms include inhibition of apoptosis, stimulation of angiogenesis via angiogenic growth factors, and regulation of immune responses, as well as regulation of scarring to suppress blood vessel regeneration when needed. However, preclinical and clinical trials of MSC transplantation in ischemic diseases have shown some limitations in terms of treatment efficacy. Such studies have emphasized the current challenges of MSC-based therapies. Treatment efficacy could be enhanced if the limitations were better understood and potentially resolved. This review will summarize some of the strategies by which MSCs have been utilized for ischemic disease treatment, and will highlight some challenges of those applications as well as suggesting some strategies to improve treatment efficacy.
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12
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Mankuzhy PD, Ramesh ST, Thirupathi Y, Mohandas PS, Chandra V, Sharma TG. The preclinical and clinical implications of fetal adnexa derived mesenchymal stromal cells in wound healing therapy. Wound Repair Regen 2021; 29:347-369. [PMID: 33721373 DOI: 10.1111/wrr.12911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 12/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) isolated from fetal adnexa namely amniotic membrane/epithelium, amniotic fluid and umbilical cord have hogged the limelight in recent times, as a proposed alternative to MSCs from conventional sources. These cells which are identified as being in a developmentally primitive state have many advantages, the most important being the non-invasive nature of their isolation procedures, absence of ethical concerns, proliferation potential, differentiation abilities and low immunogenicity. In the present review, we are focusing on the potential preclinical and clinical applications of different cell types of fetal adnexa, in wound healing therapy. We also discuss the isolation-culture methods, cell surface marker expression, multi-lineage differentiation abilities, immune-modulatory capabilities and their homing property. Different mechanisms involved in the wound healing process and the role of stromal cells in therapeutic wound healing are highlighted. Further, we summarize the findings of the cell delivery systems in skin lesion models and paracrine functions of their secretome in the wound healing process. Overall, this holistic review outlines the research findings of fetal adnexa derived MSCs, their usefulness in wound healing therapy in human as well as in veterinary medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratheesh D Mankuzhy
- Department of Physiology, Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Pookode, Wayanad, Kerala, India
| | - Sreekumar T Ramesh
- Department of Physiology, Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Pookode, Wayanad, Kerala, India
| | - Yasotha Thirupathi
- Physiology & Climatology Division, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute (Deemed University), Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ponny S Mohandas
- Consultant Gynecologist, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Meditrina Hospital, Ayathil, Kollam, Kerala, India
| | - Vikash Chandra
- Physiology & Climatology Division, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute (Deemed University), Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Taru Guttula Sharma
- Physiology & Climatology Division, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute (Deemed University), Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh, India
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13
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Celecoxib alleviates pathological cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis via M1-like macrophage infiltration in neonatal mice. iScience 2021; 24:102233. [PMID: 33748715 PMCID: PMC7967012 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.102233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac hypertrophy is an adaptive response to all forms of heart disease, including hypertension, myocardial infarction, and cardiomyopathy. Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) overexpression results in inflammatory response, cardiac cell apoptosis, and hypertrophy in adult heart after injury. However, immune response-mediated cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis have not been well documented in injured neonatal heart. This study showed that cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis are significantly attenuated in celecoxib (a selective COX-2 inhibitor)-treated P8 ICR mice after cryoinjury. Molecular and cellular profiling of immune response shows that celecoxib inhibits the production of cytokines and the expression of adhesion molecular genes, increases the recruitment of M1-like macrophage at wound site, and alleviates cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis. Furthermore, celecoxib administration improves cardiac function at 4 weeks after injury. These results demonstrate that COX-2 inhibition promotes the recruitment of M1-like macrophages during early wound healing, which may contribute to the suppression of cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis after injury. Cryoinjury successfully induces cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis in P8 ICR mice COX-2 inhibition alleviates cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis after cryoinjury MCP-1 significantly increases in COX-2 inhibition COX-2 inhibition improves cardiac repair in P8 ICR mice by recruiting M1-like macrophages
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14
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Kaushik V, Singh A, Arya A, Sindhu SC, Sindhu A, Singh A. Enhanced production of cordycepin in Ophiocordyceps sinensis using growth supplements under submerged conditions. BIOTECHNOLOGY REPORTS (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2020; 28:e00557. [PMID: 33294405 PMCID: PMC7691154 DOI: 10.1016/j.btre.2020.e00557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2020] [Revised: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Cordycepin is a crucial bioactive compound produced by the fungus Cordyceps spp. Its therapeutic potential has been recognized for a wide range of biological properties such as anticancer, anti-diabetic, antidepressant, antioxidant, immunomodulation, etc. Moreover, its human random clinical trials depicted a promising anti-inflammatory activity that reduced the airway inflammation remarkably in asthmatic patients. But its overexploitation and low production of cordycepin in naturally growing biomass are insufficient to meet its existing market demand for its therapeutic use. Therefore, strategies for enhancement of cordycepin production in Cordyceps spp. are warranted. However, specifically, wild type Ophiocordyceps sinensis possesses a very low content of cordycepin and has restricted growth in natural mycelial biomass. To overcome these limitations, this study attempted to enhance cordycepin production in its mycelial biomass in vitro under submerged conditions by adding various growth supplements. The effect of these growth supplements was evaluated by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) which demonstrated that among nucleosides- hypoxanthine and adenosine; amino acids-glycine and glutamine; plant hormones- 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) and 3-indoleacetic acid (IAA); vitamin-thiamine (B1) from each group of growth supplements yielded a higher amount of cordycepin with 466.48 ± 3.88, 380.23 ± 1.78, 434.97 ± 2.32, 269.78 ± 2.92, 227.61 ± 2.34, 226.02 ± 1.69 and 185.26 ± 2.35 mg/L respectively as compared to control with 13.66 ± 0.64 mg/L. Further, at the transcriptional level, quantitative real time-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis of genes associated with metabolism and cordycepin biosynthesis depicted significant upregulation of major downstream genes- NT5E, RNR, purA, and ADEK which corroborated well with RP-HPLC analysis. Taken together, the present study identified growth supplements as potential precursors to activate the cordycepin biosynthesis pathway leading to improved cordycepin production in O. sinensis.
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Key Words
- ANOVA, Analysis of Variance
- Cordycepin biosynthesis pathway
- Cordycepin production
- Growth supplements
- KH2PO4, Potassium dihydrogen phosphate
- Medicinal mushroom
- MgSO4, Magnesium sulfate
- Mycelial biomass
- RP-HPLC, Reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography
- SDA, Sabouraud dextrose agar
- SEM, Standard error mean
- cDNA, Complementary deoxyribonucleic acid
- dNTP, Deoxyribonucleotide triphosphate
- mRNA, Messenger ribonucleic acid
- mTOR, Mammalian target of rapamycin
- qRT-PCR, Quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikas Kaushik
- Department of Biotechnology, Deenbandhu Chhotu Ram University of Science and Technology, Murthal, 131039, Sonepat, Haryana, India
| | - Amanvir Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Deenbandhu Chhotu Ram University of Science and Technology, Murthal, 131039, Sonepat, Haryana, India
| | - Aditi Arya
- Department of Biotechnology, Deenbandhu Chhotu Ram University of Science and Technology, Murthal, 131039, Sonepat, Haryana, India
| | - Sangeeta Chahal Sindhu
- Department of Foods and Nutrition, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, 125004, Haryana, India
| | - Anil Sindhu
- Department of Biotechnology, Deenbandhu Chhotu Ram University of Science and Technology, Murthal, 131039, Sonepat, Haryana, India
| | - Ajay Singh
- Haryana Agro Industries Corporation, Research and Development Centre, Murthal, 131039, Sonepat, Haryana, India
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15
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Advances in generation of three-dimensional skin equivalents: pre-clinical studies to clinical therapies. Cytotherapy 2020; 23:1-9. [PMID: 33189572 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2020.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The inability of two-dimensional cell culture systems to adequately map the structure and function of complex organs like skin necessitates the development of three-dimensional (3D) skin models. A diverse range of 3D skin equivalents have been developed over the last few decades for studying complex properties of skin as well as for drug discovery and clinical applications for skin regeneration in chronic wounds, such as diabetic foot ulcers, where the normal mechanism of wound healing is compromised. These 3D skin substitutes also serve as a suitable alternative to animal models in industrial applications and fundamental research. With the emergence of tissue engineering, new scaffolds and matrices have been integrated into 3D cell culture systems, along with gene therapy approaches, to increase the efficacy of transplanted cells in skin regeneration. This review summarizes recent approaches to the development of skin equivalents as well as different models for studying skin diseases and properties and current therapeutic applications of skin substitutes.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinical studies have shown that celecoxib can significantly inhibit the development of tumors, and basic experiments and in vitro experiments also provide a certain basis, but it is not clear how celecoxib inhibits tumor development in detail. METHODS A literature search of all major academic databases was conducted (PubMed, China National Knowledge Internet (CNKI), Wan-fang, China Science and Technology Journal Database (VIP), including the main research on the mechanisms of celecoxib on tumors. RESULTS Celecoxib can intervene in tumor development and reduce the formation of drug resistance through multiple molecular mechanisms. CONCLUSION Celecoxib mainly regulates the proliferation, migration, and invasion of tumor cells by inhibiting the cyclooxygenases-2/prostaglandin E2 signal axis and thereby inhibiting the phosphorylation of nuclear factor-κ-gene binding, Akt, signal transducer and activator of transcription and the expression of matrix metalloproteinase 2 and matrix metalloproteinase 9. Meanwhile, it was found that celecoxib could promote the apoptosis of tumor cells by enhancing mitochondrial oxidation, activating mitochondrial apoptosis process, promoting endoplasmic reticulum stress process, and autophagy. Celecoxib can also reduce the occurrence of drug resistance by increasing the sensitivity of cancer cells to chemotherapy drugs.
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17
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Kaushik K, Das A. TWIST1-Reprogrammed Endothelial Cell Transplantation Potentiates Neovascularization-Mediated Diabetic Wound Tissue Regeneration. Diabetes 2020; 69:1232-1247. [PMID: 32234721 DOI: 10.2337/db20-0138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Hypovascularized diabetic nonhealing wounds are due to reduced number and impaired physiology of endogenous endothelial progenitor cell (EPC) population that limits their recruitment and mobilization at the wound site. For enrichment of the EPC repertoire from nonendothelial precursors, abundantly available mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) were reprogrammed into induced endothelial cells (iEC). We identified cell signaling molecular targets by meta-analysis of microarray data sets. BMP-2 induction leads to the expression of inhibitory Smad 6/7-dependent negative transcriptional regulation of ID1, rendering the latter's reduced binding to TWIST1 during transdifferentiation of Wharton jelly-derived MSC (WJ-MSC) into iEC. TWIST1, in turn, regulates endothelial gene transcription, positively of proangiogenic KDR and negatively, in part, of antiangiogenic SFRP4 Twist1 reprogramming enhanced the endothelial lineage commitment of WJ-MSC and increased the vasculogenic potential of reprogrammed endothelial cells (rEC). Transplantation of stable TWIST1 rEC into a type 1 and 2 diabetic full-thickness splinted wound healing murine model enhanced the microcirculatory blood flow and accelerated the wound tissue regeneration. An increased or decreased colocalization of GFP with KDR/SFRP4 and CD31 in the regenerated diabetic wound bed with TWIST1 overexpression or silencing (piLenti-TWIST1-shRNA-GFP), respectively, further confirmed improved neovascularization. This study depicted the reprogramming of WJ-MSC into rEC using unique transcription factor TWIST1 for an efficacious cell transplantation therapy to induce neovascularization-mediated diabetic wound tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Komal Kaushik
- Department of Applied Biology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology Campus, Hyderabad, India
| | - Amitava Das
- Department of Applied Biology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology Campus, Hyderabad, India
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18
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Merckx G, Tay H, Lo Monaco M, van Zandvoort M, De Spiegelaere W, Lambrichts I, Bronckaers A. Chorioallantoic Membrane Assay as Model for Angiogenesis in Tissue Engineering: Focus on Stem Cells. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2020; 26:519-539. [PMID: 32220219 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2020.0048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Tissue engineering aims to structurally and functionally regenerate damaged tissues, which requires the formation of new blood vessels that supply oxygen and nutrients by the process of angiogenesis. Stem cells are a promising tool in regenerative medicine due to their combined differentiation and paracrine angiogenic capacities. The study of their proangiogenic properties and associated potential for tissue regeneration requires complex in vivo models comprising all steps of the angiogenic process. The highly vascularized extraembryonic chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) of fertilized chicken eggs offers a simple, easy accessible, and cheap angiogenic screening tool compared to other animal models. Although the CAM assay was initially primarily performed for evaluation of tumor growth and metastasis, stem cell studies using this model are increasing. In this review, a detailed summary of angiogenic observations of different mesenchymal, cardiac, and endothelial stem cell types and derivatives in the CAM model is presented. Moreover, we focus on the variation in experimental setup, including the benefits and limitations of in ovo and ex ovo protocols, diverse biological and synthetic scaffolds, imaging techniques, and outcome measures of neovascularization. Finally, advantages and disadvantages of the CAM assay as a model for angiogenesis in tissue engineering in comparison with alternative in vivo animal models are described. Impact statement The chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay is an easy and cheap screening tool for the angiogenic properties of stem cells and their associated potential in the tissue engineering field. This review offers an overview of all published angiogenic studies of stem cells using this model, with emphasis on the variation in used experimental timeline, culture protocol (in ovo vs. ex ovo), stem cell type (derivatives), scaffolds, and outcome measures of vascularization. The purpose of this overview is to aid tissue engineering researchers to determine the ideal CAM experimental setup based on their specific study goals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Greet Merckx
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Biomedical Research Institute (BIOMED), Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Hanna Tay
- Department of Morphology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Melissa Lo Monaco
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Biomedical Research Institute (BIOMED), Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium.,Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Sciences, Integrated Veterinary Research Unit-Namur Research Institute for Life Science (IVRU-NARILIS), University of Namur, Namur, Belgium
| | - Marc van Zandvoort
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, School for Cardiovascular Diseases CARIM and School for Oncology and Development GROW, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Ward De Spiegelaere
- Department of Morphology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Ivo Lambrichts
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Biomedical Research Institute (BIOMED), Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Annelies Bronckaers
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Biomedical Research Institute (BIOMED), Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
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19
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Dhoke NR, Kaushik K, Das A. Cxcr6-Based Mesenchymal Stem Cell Gene Therapy Potentiates Skin Regeneration in Murine Diabetic Wounds. Mol Ther 2020; 28:1314-1326. [PMID: 32112713 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2020.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapies for wound healing are often compromised due to low recruitment and engraftment of transplanted cells, as well as delayed differentiation into cell lineages for skin regeneration. An increased expression of chemokine ligand CXCL16 in wound bed and its cognate receptor, CXCR6, on murine bone-marrow-derived MSCs suggested a putative therapeutic relevance of exogenous MSC transplantation therapy. Induction of the CXCL16-CXCR6 axis led to activation of focal adhesion kinase (FAK), Src, and extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2 (ERK1/2)-mediated matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)-2 promoter regulation and expression, the migratory signaling pathways in MSC. CXCL16 induction also increased the transdifferentiation of MSCs into endothelial-like cells and keratinocytes. Intravenous transplantation of allogenic stable MSCs with Cxcr6 gene therapy potentiated skin tissue regeneration by increasing recruitment and engraftment as well as neovascularization and re-epithelialization at the wound site in excisional splinting wounds of type I and II diabetic mice. This study suggests that activation of the CXCL16-CXCR6 axis in bioengineered MSCs with Cxcr6 overexpression provides a promising therapeutic approach for the treatment of diabetic wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha R Dhoke
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500 007, TS, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-IICT Campus, Hyderabad 500 007, TS, India
| | - Komal Kaushik
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500 007, TS, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-IICT Campus, Hyderabad 500 007, TS, India
| | - Amitava Das
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500 007, TS, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-IICT Campus, Hyderabad 500 007, TS, India.
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20
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Kaushik K, Das A. Endothelial progenitor cell therapy for chronic wound tissue regeneration. Cytotherapy 2019; 21:1137-1150. [PMID: 31668487 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2019.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Revised: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Despite advancements in wound care, healing of chronic diabetic wounds remains a great challenge for the clinical fraternity because of the intricacies of the healing process. Due to the limitations of existing treatment strategies for chronic wounds, stem/progenitor cell transplantation therapies have been explored as an alternative for tissue regeneration at the wound site. The non-healing phenotype of chronic wounds is directly associated with lack of vascularization. Therefore, endothelial progenitor cell (EPC) transplantation is proving to be a promising approach for the treatment of hypo-vascular chronic wounds. With the existing knowledge in EPC biology, significant efforts have been made to enrich EPCs at the chronic wound site, generating EPCs from somatic cells, induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) using transcription factors, or from adult stem cells using chemicals/drugs for use in transplantation, as well as modulating the endogenous dysfunctional/compromised EPCs under diabetic conditions. This review mainly focuses on the pre-clinical and clinical approaches undertaken to date with EPC-based translational therapy for chronic diabetic as well as non-diabetic wounds to evaluate their vascularity-mediated regeneration potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Komal Kaushik
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-IICT Campus, Hyderabad, India
| | - Amitava Das
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-IICT Campus, Hyderabad, India.
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