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Virameteekul S, Lees AJ, Bhidayasiri R. Small Particles, Big Potential: Polymeric Nanoparticles for Drug Delivery in Parkinson's Disease. Mov Disord 2024. [PMID: 39077831 DOI: 10.1002/mds.29939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite the availability of a number of efficacious treatments for Parkinson's disease, their limitations and drawbacks, particularly related to low brain bioavailability and associated side effects, emphasize the need for alternative and more effective therapeutic approaches. Nanomedicine, the application of nanotechnology in medicine, has received considerable interest in recent years as a method of effectively delivering potentially therapeutic molecules to the brain. In particular, polymeric nanoparticles, constructed from biodegradable polymer, have shown great promise in enhancing therapeutic efficacy, reducing toxicity, and ensuring targeted delivery. However, their clinical translation remains a considerable challenge. This article reviews recent in vitro and in vivo studies using polymeric nanoparticles as drug and gene delivery systems for Parkinson's disease with their challenges and future directions. We are also particularly interested in the technical properties, mechanism, drugs release patterns, and delivery strategies to overcome the blood-brain barrier. © 2024 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sasivimol Virameteekul
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Reta Lila Weston Institute of Neurological Studies, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
- Chulalongkorn Centre of Excellence for Parkinson's Disease and Related Disorders, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Andrew J Lees
- Reta Lila Weston Institute of Neurological Studies, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Roongroj Bhidayasiri
- Chulalongkorn Centre of Excellence for Parkinson's Disease and Related Disorders, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand
- The Academy of Science, The Royal Society of Thailand, Bangkok, Thailand
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Hawash M, Qneibi M, Natsheh H, Mohammed NH, Hamda LA, Kumar A, Olech B, Dominiak PM, Bdir S, Bdair M. Evaluating the Neuroprotective Potential of Novel Benzodioxole Derivatives in Parkinson's Disease via AMPA Receptor Modulation. ACS Chem Neurosci 2024; 15:2334-2349. [PMID: 38747411 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.4c00163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a significant health issue because it gradually damages the nervous system. α-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptors play a significant role in the development of PD. The current investigation employed hybrid benzodioxole-propanamide (BDZ-P) compounds to get information on AMPA receptors, analyze their biochemical and biophysical properties, and assess their neuroprotective effects. Examining the biophysical characteristics of all the subunits of the AMPA receptor offers insights into the impact of BDZ-P on the desensitization and deactivation rate. It demonstrates a partial improvement in the locomotor capacities in a mouse model of Parkinson's disease. In addition, the in vivo experiment assessed the locomotor activity by utilizing the open-field test. Our findings demonstrated that BDZ-P7 stands out with its remarkable potency, inhibiting the GluA2 subunit nearly 8-fold with an IC50 of 3.03 μM, GluA1/2 by 7.5-fold with an IC50 of 3.14 μM, GluA2/3 by nearly 7-fold with an IC50 of 3.19 μM, and GluA1 by 6.5-fold with an IC50 of 3.2 μM, significantly impacting the desensitization and deactivation rate of the AMPA receptor. BDZ-P7 showed an in vivo impact of partially reinstating locomotor abilities in a mouse model of PD. The results above suggest that the BDZ-P7 compounds show great promise as top contenders for the development of novel neuroprotective therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Hawash
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, P403, Nablus 00970, Palestine
| | - Mohammad Qneibi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, P403, Nablus 00970, Palestine
| | - Hiba Natsheh
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, P403, Nablus 00970, Palestine
| | - Noor Haj Mohammed
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, P403, Nablus 00970, Palestine
| | - Lubaba Abu Hamda
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, P403, Nablus 00970, Palestine
| | - Anil Kumar
- Biological and Chemical Research Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, ul. Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Barbara Olech
- Biological and Chemical Research Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, ul. Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
- Centre of New Technologies, University of Warsaw, ul. S. Banacha 2c, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Paulina Maria Dominiak
- Biological and Chemical Research Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, ul. Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Sosana Bdir
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, P403, Nablus 00970, Palestine
| | - Mohammad Bdair
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, P403, Nablus 00970, Palestine
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Singh K, Gupta JK, Kumar S, Soni U. A Review of the Common Neurodegenerative Disorders: Current Therapeutic Approaches and the Potential Role of Bioactive Peptides. Curr Protein Pept Sci 2024; 25:507-526. [PMID: 38561605 DOI: 10.2174/0113892037275221240327042353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative disorders, which include Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), Huntington's disease (HD), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), represent a significant and growing global health challenge. Current therapies predominantly focus on symptom management rather than altering disease progression. In this review, we discuss the major therapeutic strategies in practice for these disorders, highlighting their limitations. For AD, the mainstay treatments are cholinesterase inhibitors and N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonists. For PD, dopamine replacement therapies, including levodopa, are commonly used. HD is managed primarily with symptomatic treatments, and reusable extends survival in ALS. However, none of these therapies halts or substantially slows the neurodegenerative process. In contrast, this review highlights emerging research into bioactive peptides as potential therapeutic agents. These naturally occurring or synthetically designed molecules can interact with specific cellular targets, potentially modulating disease processes. Preclinical studies suggest that bioactive peptides may mitigate oxidative stress, inflammation, and protein misfolding, which are common pathological features in neurodegenerative diseases. Clinical trials using bioactive peptides for neurodegeneration are limited but show promising initial results. For instance, hemiacetal, a γ-secretase inhibitor peptide, has shown potential in AD by reducing amyloid-beta production, though its development was discontinued due to side effects. Despite these advancements, many challenges remain, including identifying optimal peptides, confirming their mechanisms of action, and overcoming obstacles related to their delivery to the brain. Future research should prioritize the discovery and development of novel bioactive peptides and improve our understanding of their pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. Ultimately, this approach may lead to more effective therapies for neurodegenerative disorders, moving beyond symptom management to potentially modify the course of these devastating diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuldeep Singh
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Jeetendra Kumar Gupta
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Shivendra Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology, Rajiv Academy for Pharmacy, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Urvashi Soni
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Health Sciences and Technology, Dr. Vishwanath Karad MIT World Peace University, Kothrud, Pune, Maharashtra, India
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Kapoor A, Hafeez A, Kushwaha P. Nanocarrier Mediated Intranasal Drug Delivery Systems for the Management of Parkinsonism: A Review. Curr Drug Deliv 2024; 21:709-725. [PMID: 37365787 DOI: 10.2174/1567201820666230523114259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
The transport of drugs to the brain becomes a key concern when treating disorders of the central nervous system. Parkinsonism is one of the major concerns across the world populations, which causes difficulty in coordination and balance. However, the blood-brain barrier is a significant barrier to achieving optimal brain concentration through oral, transdermal, and intravenous routes of administration. The intranasal route with nanocarrier-based formulations has shown potential for managing Parkinsonism disorder (PD). Direct delivery to the brain through the intranasal route is possible via the olfactory and trigeminal pathways using drug-loaded nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems. The critical analysis of reported works demonstrates dose reduction, brain targeting, safety, effectiveness, and stability for drug-loaded nanocarriers. The important aspects of intranasal drug delivery, PD details, and nanocarrier-based intranasal formulations in PD management with a discussion of physicochemical characteristics, cell line studies, and animal studies are the major topics in this review. Patent reports and clinical investigations are summarized in the last sections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Archita Kapoor
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow- 226026, India
| | - Abdul Hafeez
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow- 226026, India Lucknow India
| | - Poonam Kushwaha
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow- 226026, India
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Mohammad, Khan UA, Saifi Z, Bora J, Warsi MH, Abourehab MAS, Jain GK, Kesharwani P, Ali A. Intranasal inorganic cerium oxide nanoparticles ameliorate oxidative stress induced motor manifestations in haloperidol-induced parkinsonism. Inflammopharmacology 2023; 31:2571-2585. [PMID: 37432554 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-023-01274-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
Cerium oxide nanoparticles (CONPs), owing to their radical scavenging property, have recently emerged as a therapeutic candidate for oxidative stress-mediated neurological diseases. However, oral and intravenous administration of CONPs is limited due to their poor physicochemical characteristics, low bioavailability, rapid systemic clearance, poor blood-brain penetration and dose-dependent toxicity. To overcome these challenges, we developed intranasal CONPs and evaluated their potential in the experimental PD model. CONPs were prepared by homogenous precipitation using tween 80 as a stabilizer and methanol/water as solvent. The optimization was done using Central Composite Design (CCD). The CONPs synthesis was confirmed by UV and FTIR. The optimized CONPs were small-sized (105.1 ± 5.78 nm), spherical (TEM), uniform (PDI, 0.119 ± 0.006) and stable (ZP, -22.7 ± 1.02 mV). Energy-dispersive X-ray analysis showed characteristic signals of Ce in developed CONPs. The X-ray diffraction pattern described the cubic fluorite structure and nano-crystalline nature of CONPs. The CONP anti-oxidant activity was found to be 93.60 ± 0.32% at 25 µg/mL concentration. Finally, motor manifestation studies like the forced swim test, locomotor test, akinesia, catalepsy, and muscle coordination test were conducted to assess the motor dysfunctions and behavioral activity in all four animal groups. Results of the in vivo motor manifestation studies in the haloperidol-induced PD rat model showed that co-administration of intranasal CONPs along with a half dose of levodopa resulted in significant protection, and results were significantly different from the untreated group but not significantly different from the healthy group. In conclusion, intranasal CONPs can be useful in ameliorating oxidative stress through their antioxidant effect and could be prospective therapeutics for the treatment of motor manifestations in Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Urooj Ahmed Khan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, DR Ram Manohar Lohia College of Pharmacy, Modinagar, Ghaziabad, 201204, UP, India.
| | - Zoya Saifi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Jinku Bora
- Department of Food Technology, School of Interdisciplinary Sciences and Technology, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Musarrat Husain Warsi
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed A S Abourehab
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gaurav Kumar Jain
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University, New Delhi, 110017, India.
- Center for Advanced Formulation Technology, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University, New Delhi, 110017, India.
| | - Prashant Kesharwani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India.
| | - Asgar Ali
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India.
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Preetam S, Jonnalagadda S, Kumar L, Rath R, Chattopadhyay S, Alghamdi BS, Abuzenadah AM, Jha NK, Gautam A, Malik S, Ashraf GM. Therapeutic potential of lipid nanosystems for the treatment of Parkinson's disease. Ageing Res Rev 2023; 89:101965. [PMID: 37268112 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2023.101965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder. The degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the midbrain is primarily responsible for the onset of the disease. The major challenge faced in the treatment of PD is the blood-brain barrier (BBB), which impedes the delivery of therapeutics to targeted locations. To address this issue, lipid nanosystems have been used for the precise delivery of therapeutic compounds in anti-PD therapy. In this review, we will discuss the application and clinical significance of lipid nanosystem in delivering therapeutic compounds for anti-PD treatment. These medicinal compounds include ropinirole, apomorphine, bromocriptine, astaxanthin, resveratrol, dopamine, glyceryl monooleate, levodopa, N-3,4-bis(pivaloyloxy)- dopamine and fibroblast growth factor, which have significant potential to treat PD in the early stage. This review, in a nutshell, will pave the way for researchers to develop diagnostic and potential therapeutic approaches using nanomedicine to overcome the challenges posed by the BBB in delivering therapeutic compounds for PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subham Preetam
- Institute of Advanced Materials, IAAM, Gammalkilsvägen 18, Ulrika, 59053, Sweden; Centre for Biotechnology, Siksha O Anusandhan (SOA-DU), Bhubaneswar 751030, Odisha, India.
| | - Swathi Jonnalagadda
- School of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Thiruvananthapuram, India.
| | - Lamha Kumar
- School of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Thiruvananthapuram, India.
| | - Rajeswari Rath
- Centre for Biotechnology, Siksha O Anusandhan (SOA-DU), Bhubaneswar 751030, Odisha, India.
| | - Soham Chattopadhyay
- Department of Zoology, Maulana Azad College, Kolkata, Kolkata-700013, West Bengal, India.
| | - Badrah S Alghamdi
- Department of Physiology, Neuroscience Unit, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Pre-Clinical Research Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Adel M Abuzenadah
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Niraj Kumar Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering and Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida 201310, India; Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied & Life Sciences (SALS), Uttaranchal University, Dehradun 248007, India; School of Bioengineering & Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, India; Department of Biotechnology Engineering and Food Technology, Chandigarh University, Mohali, 140413, India.
| | - Akash Gautam
- Centre for Neural and Cognitive Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, India.
| | - Sumira Malik
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Jharkhand, Ranchi, Jharkhand, 834001, India; Guru Nanak College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chakrata Road, Jhajra, Dehradun 248007, India.
| | - Ghulam Md Ashraf
- University of Sharjah, College of Health Sciences, and Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences.
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Naz F, Malik A, Riaz M, Mahmood Q, Mehmood MH, Rasool G, Mahmood Z, Abbas M. Bromocriptine Therapy: Review of mechanism of action, safety and tolerability. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2022; 49:903-922. [DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.13678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Faiza Naz
- Punjab University College of Pharmacy University of the Punjab Lahore Pakistan
| | - Abdul Malik
- College of Pharmacy University of Sargodha Sargodha Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Riaz
- Department of Allied Health Sciences University of Sargodha Sargodha Pakistan
| | - Qaisar Mahmood
- College of Pharmacy University of Sargodha Sargodha Pakistan
| | - Malik Hassan Mehmood
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Government College University Faisalabad Pakistan
| | - Ghulam Rasool
- Department of Allied Health Sciences University of Sargodha Sargodha Pakistan
| | - Zahed Mahmood
- Department of Biochemistry Government College University Faisalabad Pakistan
| | - Mazhar Abbas
- Department of Biochemistry College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences (Jhang Campus) Lahore Pakistan
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Annu, Sartaj A, Qamar Z, Md S, Alhakamy NA, Baboota S, Ali J. An Insight to Brain Targeting Utilizing Polymeric Nanoparticles: Effective Treatment Modalities for Neurological Disorders and Brain Tumor. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:788128. [PMID: 35186901 PMCID: PMC8851324 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.788128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The delivery of therapeutic molecules to the brain remains an unsolved problem to the researchers due to the existence of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), which halts the entry of unwanted substances to the brain. Central nervous system (CNS) disorders, mainly Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, schizophrenia, brain tumors, and stroke, are highly prevalent globally and are a growing concern for researchers due to restricting the delivery of pharmaceutical drugs to the brain. So effective treatment modalities are essential to combat the growing epidemic of CNS diseases. Recently, the growing attention in the field of nanotechnology has gained the faith of researchers for the delivery of therapeutics to the brain by targeting them to the specific target site. Polymeric nanoparticles (PNPs) emerge out to be an instrumental approach in drug targeting to the brain by overcoming the physiological barrier, biomedical barrier, and BBB. Preclinical discovery has shown the tremendous potential and versatility of PNPs in encapsulating several drugs and their targeting to the deepest regions of the brain, thus improving therapeutic intervention of CNS disorders. The current review will summarize advances in the development of PNPs for targeting therapeutics to the brain and the functional and molecular effects obtained in the preclinical model of most common CNS diseases. The advancement of PNPs in clinical practice and their prospect in brain targeting will also be discussed briefly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Ali Sartaj
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Zufika Qamar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Shadab Md
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Center of Excellence for Drug Research and Pharmaceutical Industries, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nabil A. Alhakamy
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Center of Excellence for Drug Research and Pharmaceutical Industries, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sanjula Baboota
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Javed Ali
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, New Delhi, India
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Zhou Z, Sun T, Jiang C. Recent advances on drug delivery nanocarriers for cerebral disorders. Biomed Mater 2021; 16:024104. [PMID: 33455956 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/abdc97] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Pharmacotherapies for brain disorders are generally faced with obstacles from the blood-brain barrier (BBB). There are a variety of drug delivery systems that have been put forward to cross or bypass the BBB with the access to the central nervous system. Brain drug delivery systems have benefited greatly from the development of nanocarriers, including lipids, polymers and inorganic materials. Consequently, various kinds of brain drug delivery nano-systems have been established, such as liposomes, polymeric nanoparticles (PNPs), nanomicelles, nanohydrogels, dendrimers, mesoporous silica nanoparticles and magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles. The characteristics of their carriers and preparations usually differ from each other, as well as their transportation mechanisms into intracerebral lesions. In this review, different types of brain drug delivery nanocarriers are classified and summarized, especially their significant achievements, to present several recommendations and directions for future strategies of cerebral delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, People's Republic of China
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Baskin J, Jeon JE, Lewis SJG. Nanoparticles for drug delivery in Parkinson's disease. J Neurol 2020; 268:1981-1994. [PMID: 33141248 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-020-10291-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Although effective symptomatic treatments for Parkinson's disease (PD) have been available for some time, efficient and well-controlled drug delivery to the brain has proven to be challenging. The emergence of nanotechnology has created new opportunities not only for improving the pharmacokinetics of conventional therapies but also for developing novel treatment approaches and disease modifying therapies. Several exciting strategies including drug carrier nanoparticles targeting specific intracellular pathways and structural reconformation of tangled proteins as well as introducing reprogramming genes have already shown promise and are likely to deliver more tailored approaches to the treatment of PD in the future. This paper reviews the role of nanoparticles in PD including a discussion of both their composition and functional capacity as well as their potential to deliver better therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Baskin
- Parkinson's Disease Research Clinic, Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia.
| | - June Evelyn Jeon
- Parkinson's Disease Research Clinic, Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Simon J G Lewis
- Parkinson's Disease Research Clinic, Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
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