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Sathyan A, Kurtz I, Rathore P, Emrick T, Schiffman JD. Using Catechol and Zwitterion-Functionalized Copolymers to Prevent Dental Bacterial Adhesion. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2023. [PMID: 37384901 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.3c00371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
In this manuscript, we report the synthesis of zwitterionic copolymers and their ability to form antifouling coatings on porous hydroxyapatite as a mimic of dental coatings. Specifically, we systematically investigated how altering the composition of copolymers of catechol methacrylate (Cat-MA or 2) and methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (2-MPC) with varying catechol-to-zwitterion ratios impacted their adhesive and antifouling properties, allowing for the rational design of functional coatings. Characterization by ellipsometry, contact angle goniometry, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy revealed the presence of hydrophilic copolymer coatings of ∼10 nm thickness. Notably, these copolymers adhered to hydroxyapatite and reduced the level of attachment of both Gram-negative Escherichia coli and Gram-positive Streptococcus oralis. Additionally, in vitro experiments that mimicked the complex mouth environment (i.e., swallowing and using mouthwash) were employed to evaluate S. oralis adhesion, finding that the copolymer coatings reduced the quantity of adhered bacteria. We suggest that these copolymers provide insights into the design of antifouling coatings that are appropriate for use in oral care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashlin Sathyan
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Irene Kurtz
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003-9303, United States
| | - Prerana Rathore
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003-9303, United States
| | - Todd Emrick
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Jessica D Schiffman
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003-9303, United States
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Ma Y, Su C, Yang H, Xu HH, Bai Y, Xu Y, Che X, Zhang N. Influence of resin modified glass ionomer cement incorporating protein-repellent and antimicrobial agents on supragingival microbiome around brackets: an in-vivo split-mouth 3-month study. PeerJ 2023; 11:e14820. [PMID: 36778151 PMCID: PMC9910189 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.14820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To explore the influence of resin modified glass ionomer cement (RMGIC) adhesives containing protein-repellent and quaternary ammonium salt agents on supragingival microbiome, enamel and gingival health around brackets. Materials and Methods Ten patients (21.4 ± 3.5 years) about to receive fixed orthodontics were enrolled in this study. Unilateral upper teeth bonded with RMGIC incorporating 2-Methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC) and Dimethylaminohexadecyl methacrylate (DMAHDM) were regarded as experimental group (RMD), while contralateral upper teeth bonded with RMGIC were control group (RMGIC), using a split-mouth design. Supragingival plaque was collected from both groups before treatment (T0), and at 1 month (T1) and 3 months (T2) of treatment. High-throughput sequencing was performed targeting v3-v4 of 16S rRNA gene. Streptococcus mutans and Fusobacterium nucleatum quantification was done by qPCR analysis. Bracket failures, enamel decalcification index (EDI), DIAGNODent scores (Dd), plaque index (PI) and gingival index (GI) were monitored at indicated time points. Results Within 3 months, alpha and beta diversity of supragingival plaque had no difference between RMGIC and RMD groups. From T0 to T2, the relative abundance of Streptococcus depleted in RMD but remained steady in RMGIC group. Streptococcus, Prevotella, and Fusobacterium became depleted in RMD, Haemophilus and Capnocytophaga became depleted in RMGIC group but Prevotella enriched. Quantification of Fusbacterium nucleatum and Streptococcus mutans showed significant difference between RMGIC and RMD groups at T2. Teeth bonded with RMD had significant lower plaque index (PI) and DIAGNODent (Dd) score at T2, compared with teeth bonded with RMGIC (p < 0.05). No difference in bracket failure rate was examined between both groups (p > 0.05). Conclusion By incorporating MPC and DMAHDM into RMGIC, the material could affect the supragingival microbial composition, inhibit the progress of plaque accumulation as well as the key pathogens S. mutans and F. nucleatum in the early stage of orthodontic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yansong Ma
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Chengjun Su
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Yang
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hockin H.K. Xu
- Center for Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA,Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA,Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, School of Dentistry, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Yuxing Bai
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Xu
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoxia Che
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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He J, Lassila L, Garoushi S, Vallittu P. Tailoring the monomers to overcome the shortcomings of current dental resin composites - review. Biomater Investig Dent 2023; 10:2191621. [PMID: 37090482 PMCID: PMC10120559 DOI: 10.1080/26415275.2023.2191621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Dental resin composites (DRCs) have become the first choice among different restorative materials for direct anterior and posterior restorations in the clinic. Though the properties of DRCs have been improved greatly in recent years, they still have several shortcomings, such as volumetric shrinkage and shrinkage stress, biofilm development, lack of radio-opacity for some specific DRCs, and estrogenicity, which need to be overcome. The resin matrix, composed of different monomers, constitutes the continuous phase and determine the performance of DRCs. Thus, the chemical structure of the monomers plays an important role in modifying the properties of DRCs. Numerous researchers have taken to design and develop novel monomers with specific functions for the purpose of fulfilling the needs in dentistry. In this review, the development of monomers in DRCs were highlighted, especially focusing on strategies aimed at reducing volumetric shrinkage and shrinkage stress, endowing bacteriocidal and antibacterial adhesion activities as well as protein-repelling activity, increasing radio-opacity, and replacing Bis-GMA. The influences of these novel monomers on the properties of DRCs were also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwei He
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Biomaterials Science and Turku Clinical Biomaterials Center-TCBC, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- CONTACT Jingwei He College of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lippo Lassila
- Department of Biomaterials Science and Turku Clinical Biomaterials Center-TCBC, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Sufyan Garoushi
- Department of Biomaterials Science and Turku Clinical Biomaterials Center-TCBC, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Pekka Vallittu
- Department of Biomaterials Science and Turku Clinical Biomaterials Center-TCBC, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Wellbeing Services County of South-West Finland, Turku, Finland
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Yang H, Xie X, Li X, Bai Y. Polymethyl methacrylate resin containing ε-poly-L-lysine and 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine with antimicrobial effects. J Prosthet Dent 2023; 129:228.e1-228.e8. [PMID: 36476985 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2022.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/08/2022]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) is commonly used in dentistry, including as a denture base material. However, the colonization of a PMMA surface by microbial microorganisms could increase the risk of oral diseases such as denture stomatitis and gingivitis. The development of PMMA with antibacterial properties should improve its clinical application, but whether adding ε-poly-L-lysine (ε-PL) and 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC) provides antimicrobial effects is unclear. PURPOSE This in vitro study aimed to develop a novel antibacterial PMMA resin containing the natural nontoxic antibacterial agent ε-PL and the protein repellent agent MPC. The mechanical properties, protein repellency, and antimicrobial activities of the resin were then evaluated. MATERIAL AND METHODS Different mass fractions of ε-PL and MPC were mixed into PMMA as the experimental groups, with unaltered PMMA as the control group. The flexural strength (n=10) and surface roughness (n=6) of the resulting mixtures were measured to determine their mechanical properties. The antiprotein properties were measured by using the micro bicinchoninic acid method (n=6). The antimicrobial effect of the resin was assessed using live/dead staining (n=6) and methyltransferase (MTT) assays (n=10). According to the variance homogeneity and normal distribution results, 1-way analysis of variance followed by the Tukey honestly significant difference test or the Welch test and the Games-Howell test were used (α=.05 for all tests). RESULTS No significant differences were found in the flexural strength values and surface roughness of the specimens containing 1.5% MPC and 1.5% ε-PL compared with those of the control (P>.05). The addition of ε-PL to the PMMA resin alone significantly increased its bactericidal properties (P<.05). Adding both ε-PL and MPC further increased the antibacterial activity of the PMMA resin without increasing protein adhesion more than in the control group. CONCLUSIONS The incorporation of both ε-PL and MPC into PMMA improved its antibacterial capacity without affecting its mechanical properties and did not increase protein adhesion. Therefore, the novel PMMA fabricated in this study shows promise for dental applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Yang
- Dental student, Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Xianju Xie
- Associate Professor, Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Xiaowei Li
- Assistant Professor, Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Yuxing Bai
- Professor, Dean, Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, PR China.
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Manso AP, Leite ML, Comeau P, Dietrich C, Ghaffari S, Lange D, Branda N. Exploring the use of a Ruthenium complex incorporated into a methacrylate-based dental material for antimicrobial photodynamic therapy. J Appl Biomater Funct Mater 2022; 20:22808000221112989. [PMID: 35856607 DOI: 10.1177/22808000221112989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the effects of a blue light photosensitizer (PS), Ruthenium II complex (Ru), on the chemical, physical, mechanical, and antimicrobial properties of experimental dental resin blends. METHODS The experimental resin (BisEMA, TEEGDMA, HPMA, ethanol, and photoinitiator) was loaded with Ru at 0.00%, 0.07%, 0.14%, 0.28%, 0.56%, 1.12%, 1.2%, 1.5%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9%, or 10% w/w. Samples were evaluated for the degree of conversion (DC) after 30 and 60 s curing-time (n = 6). Selected formulations (0.00%, 0.28%, 0.56%, 1.12%) were further tested for shear bond strength (SBS) (n = 15); flexural strength (FS) (n = 12); and antimicrobial properties (CFUs), in dark and light conditions. These latter tests were performed on specimens stored for 24-h or 2-month in 37°C water. Water sorption (WS) and solubility (SL) tests were also performed (n = 12). Data were analyzed either by a one- or two-factor general linear model (α = 0.05). RESULTS Overall, Ru concentration above 1.2% resulted in reduced DC. In SBS results, only the 1.12%Ru resin blend samples had statistically lower values compared to the 0.00%Ru resin blend at 24-h storage (p = 0.004). In addition, no differences in SBS were detected among the experimental groups after 2-month storage in water. Meanwhile, FS increased for all experimental groups under similar aging conditions (p < 0.001). Antimicrobial properties were improved upon inclusion of Ru and application of light (p < 0.001 for both) at 24-h and 2-month storage. Lastly, no detectable changes in WS or SL were observed for the Ru-added resins compared to the 0.00%Ru resin blend. However, the 0.28% Ru blend presented significantly higher WS compared to the 0.56% Ru blend (p = 0.007). CONCLUSIONS Stable SBS, improved FS, and sustained antimicrobial properties after aging gives significant credence to our approach of adding the Ruthenium II complex into dental adhesive resin blends intended for an aPDT approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Pigozzo Manso
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Maria Luísa Leite
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Patricia Comeau
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Claudia Dietrich
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Sahand Ghaffari
- Department of Urological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Dirk Lange
- Department of Urological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Neil Branda
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
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Balhaddad AA, Garcia IM, Mokeem L, Alsahafi R, Collares FM, Sampaio de Melo MA. Metal Oxide Nanoparticles and Nanotubes: Ultrasmall Nanostructures to Engineer Antibacterial and Improved Dental Adhesives and Composites. Bioengineering (Basel) 2021; 8:146. [PMID: 34677219 PMCID: PMC8533246 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering8100146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Advances in nanotechnology have unlocked exclusive and relevant capabilities that are being applied to develop new dental restorative materials. Metal oxide nanoparticles and nanotubes perform functions relevant to a range of dental purposes beyond the traditional role of filler reinforcement-they can release ions from their inorganic compounds damaging oral pathogens, deliver calcium phosphate compounds, provide contrast during imaging, protect dental tissues during a bacterial acid attack, and improve the mineral content of the bonding interface. These capabilities make metal oxide nanoparticles and nanotubes useful for dental adhesives and composites, as these materials are the most used restorative materials in daily dental practice for tooth restorations. Secondary caries and material fractures have been recognized as the most common routes for the failure of composite restorations and bonding interface in the clinical setting. This review covers the significant capabilities of metal oxide nanoparticles and nanotubes incorporated into dental adhesives and composites, focusing on the novel benefits of antibacterial properties and how they relate to their translational applications in restorative dentistry. We pay close attention to how the development of contemporary antibacterial dental materials requires extensive interdisciplinary collaboration to accomplish particular and complex biological tasks to tackle secondary caries. We complement our discussion of dental adhesives and composites containing metal oxide nanoparticles and nanotubes with considerations needed for clinical application. We anticipate that readers will gain a complete picture of the expansive possibilities of using metal oxide nanoparticles and nanotubes to develop new dental materials and inspire further interdisciplinary development in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulrahman A. Balhaddad
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 34212, Saudi Arabia
- Program in Dental Biomedical Science, School of Dentistry, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA;
| | - Isadora M. Garcia
- Dental Materials Department, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90035-003, RS, Brazil; (I.M.G.); (F.M.C.)
| | - Lamia Mokeem
- Program in Dental Biomedical Science, School of Dentistry, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA;
| | - Rashed Alsahafi
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 24381, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Fabrício Mezzomo Collares
- Dental Materials Department, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90035-003, RS, Brazil; (I.M.G.); (F.M.C.)
| | - Mary Anne Sampaio de Melo
- Program in Dental Biomedical Science, School of Dentistry, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA;
- Operative Dentistry Division, General Dentistry Department University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
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Fischer NG, Aparicio C. The salivary pellicle on dental biomaterials. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2021; 200:111570. [PMID: 33460965 PMCID: PMC8005451 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2021.111570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The salivary pellicle, an adlayer formed by adsorption of salivary components on teeth and dental biomaterials, has direct consequences on basic outcomes of dentistry. Here, we provide an overview of salivary pellicle formation processes with a critical focus on dental biomaterials. We describe and critique the array of salivary pellicle measurement techniques. We also discuss factors that may affect salivary pellicle formation and the heterogeneity of the published literature describing salivary pellicle formation on dental biomaterials. Finally, we survey the many effects salivary pellicles have on dental biomaterials and highlight its implications on design criteria for dental biomaterials. Future investigations may lead to rationally designed dental biomaterials to control the salivary pellicle and enhance material function and patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas G Fischer
- MDRCBB, Minnesota Dental Research Center for Biomaterials and Biomechanics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, 55455, USA
| | - Conrado Aparicio
- MDRCBB, Minnesota Dental Research Center for Biomaterials and Biomechanics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, 55455, USA.
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Bajunaid SO, Baras BH, Balhaddad AA, Weir MD, Xu HHK. Antibiofilm and Protein-Repellent Polymethylmethacrylate Denture Base Acrylic Resin for Treatment of Denture Stomatitis. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14051067. [PMID: 33668779 PMCID: PMC7956622 DOI: 10.3390/ma14051067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Candida albicans (C. albicans) biofilm is a common etiological factor in denture stomatitis. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of incorporating 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC) as a protein repellent into a new high-impact denture acrylic (HIPA) resin on the surface roughness, solution pH, and C. albicans biofilm adhesion to the denture base. The new acrylic denture resin base was formulated by mixing MPC into HIPA resin at mass fractions of 1.5%, 3%, and 4.5%. Surface roughness was measured using a Mitutoyo surface roughness tester. C. albicans biofilm growth and viability were assessed via colony forming unit counts. The pH of the biofilm growth medium was measured using a digital pH meter. Adding MPC to the HIPA resin at percentages of 1.5% and 3% increased the roughness values significantly (p < 0.05), while adding 4.5% MPC resulted in no difference in roughness values to that of the control group (p > 0.05). All experimental groups demonstrated neutral pH values (pH ≅ 7) and were not significantly different from each other (p > 0.05). Incorporating 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine at 4.5% resulted in a significant (≅1 log) colony-forming unit reduction compared with the control group with 0% MPC (p < 0.05). A fungal-retarding denture acrylic resin was developed through the incorporation of MPC for its protein-repelling properties. This newly developed denture acrylic material has the potential to prevent oral microbial infections, such as denture stomatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salwa O. Bajunaid
- Department of Prosthetic Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh 60169-15, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Bashayer H. Baras
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh 60169-15, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence:
| | - Abdulrahman A. Balhaddad
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (A.A.B.); (M.D.W.); (H.H.K.X.)
| | - Michael D. Weir
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (A.A.B.); (M.D.W.); (H.H.K.X.)
| | - Hockin H. K. Xu
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (A.A.B.); (M.D.W.); (H.H.K.X.)
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Mangal U, Kwon JS, Choi SH. Bio-Interactive Zwitterionic Dental Biomaterials for Improving Biofilm Resistance: Characteristics and Applications. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E9087. [PMID: 33260367 PMCID: PMC7730019 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21239087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Biofilms are formed on surfaces inside the oral cavity covered by the acquired pellicle and develop into a complex, dynamic, microbial environment. Oral biofilm is a causative factor of dental and periodontal diseases. Accordingly, novel materials that can resist biofilm formation have attracted significant attention. Zwitterionic polymers (ZPs) have unique features that resist protein adhesion and prevent biofilm formation while maintaining biocompatibility. Recent literature has reflected a rapid increase in the application of ZPs as coatings and additives with promising outcomes. In this review, we briefly introduce ZPs and their mechanism of antifouling action, properties of human oral biofilms, and present trends in anti-biofouling, zwitterionic, dental materials. Furthermore, we highlight the existing challenges in the standardization of biofilm research and the future of antifouling, zwitterated, dental materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Utkarsh Mangal
- Department of Orthodontics, Institute of Craniofacial Deformity, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Korea;
| | - Jae-Sung Kwon
- Department and Research Institute of Dental Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul 03722, Korea;
- BK21 FOUR Project, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Sung-Hwan Choi
- Department of Orthodontics, Institute of Craniofacial Deformity, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Korea;
- BK21 FOUR Project, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul 03722, Korea
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Khan AS, Ur Rehman S, AlMaimouni YK, Ahmad S, Khan M, Ashiq M. Bibliometric Analysis of Literature Published on Antibacterial Dental Adhesive from 1996-2020. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2848. [PMID: 33260410 PMCID: PMC7761276 DOI: 10.3390/polym12122848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2020] [Revised: 11/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the current state of research on antibacterial dental adhesives. The interest in this field can be drawn from an increasing number of scholarly works in this area. However, there is still a lack of quantitative measurement of this topic. The main aim of this study was to consolidate the research published on the antibacterial adhesive from 1996 to 2020 in Web of Science indexed journals. The bibliometric method, a quantitative study of investigating publishing trends and patterns, was used for this study. The result has shown that a gradual increase in research was found, whereby a substantial increase was observed from 2013. A total of 248 documents were published in 84 journals with total citations of 5107. The highly cited articles were published mainly in Q1 category journals. Most of the published articles were from the USA, China, and other developed countries; however, some developing countries contributed as well. The authorship pattern showed an interdisciplinary and collaborative approach among researchers. The thematic evaluation of keywords along with a three-factor analysis showed that 'antibacterial adhesives' and 'quaternary ammonium' have been used commonly. This bibliometric analysis can provide direction not only to researchers but also to funding organizations and policymakers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Samad Khan
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Shafiq Ur Rehman
- Deanship of Library Affairs, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Yara Khalid AlMaimouni
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Shakil Ahmad
- Central Library, Prince Sultan University, Riyadh 11586, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Maria Khan
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Health Sciences, Lahore 54000, Pakistan;
| | - Murtaza Ashiq
- Islamabad Model College for Boys, H-9, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan;
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Yu Z, Tao S, Xu HHK, Weir MD, Fan M, Liu Y, Zhou X, Liang K, Li J. Rechargeable adhesive with calcium phosphate nanoparticles inhibited long-term dentin demineralization in a biofilm-challenged environment. J Dent 2020; 104:103529. [PMID: 33189801 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2020.103529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aims to investigate the long-term demineralization-inhibition capability of a rechargeable adhesive with nanoparticles of amorphous calcium phosphate (NACP) on dentin in a biofilm-challenged environment. METHODS The NACP adhesive was immersed in a pH 4 solution to exhaust calcium (Ca) and phosphate (P) ions and then recharged with Ca and P ions. Dentin samples were demineralized underStreptococcus mutans biofilms for 24 h and randomly divided into two groups: (1) dentin control, (2) dentin with recharged NACP adhesives. Each day, all the samples were immersed in brain heart infusion broth with 1% sucrose (BHIS) for 4 h, and then in artificial saliva (AS) for 20 h. This cycle was repeated for 10 days. The pH of BHIS, the Ca and P ions content of the BHIS and AS were measured daily. After 10 days, the lactic acid production and colony-forming units of the biofilms were tested. The changes of remineralization/demineralization were also analyzed. RESULTS Dentin in the control group showed further demineralization. The recharged NACP adhesive neutralized acids, increasing the pH to above 5, and released large amounts of Ca and P ions each day. The recharged NACP adhesive decreased the production of lactic acid (P < 0.05), inhibited dentin demineralization and sustained the dentin hardness in the biofilm-challenged environment, showing an excellent long-term demineralization-inhibition capability. CONCLUSIONS The NACP adhesive could continuously inhibit dentin demineralization in a biofilm-challenged environment by recharging with Ca and P ions. SIGNIFICANCE The rechargeable NACP adhesive could provide long-term dentin bond protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaohan Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Siying Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Hockin H K Xu
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Michael D Weir
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Menglin Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yifang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xuedong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Kunneng Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
| | - Jiyao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
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Ishihara K, Kozaki Y, Inoue Y, Fukazawa K. Biomimetic phospholipid polymers for suppressing adsorption of saliva proteins on dental hydroxyapatite substrate. J Appl Polym Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/app.49812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiko Ishihara
- Department of Materials Engineering, School of Engineering The University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan
| | - Yoichiro Kozaki
- Department of Materials Engineering, School of Engineering The University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan
| | - Yuuki Inoue
- Department of Materials Engineering, School of Engineering The University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan
| | - Kyoko Fukazawa
- Department of Materials Engineering, School of Engineering The University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan
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Mitwalli H, Alsahafi R, Balhaddad AA, Weir MD, Xu HHK, Melo MAS. Emerging Contact-Killing Antibacterial Strategies for Developing Anti-Biofilm Dental Polymeric Restorative Materials. Bioengineering (Basel) 2020; 7:E83. [PMID: 32751652 PMCID: PMC7552663 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering7030083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Polymeric materials are the first choice for restoring tooth cavities, bonding tooth-colored fillings, sealing root canal systems, and many other dental restorative applications. However, polymeric materials are highly susceptible to bacterial attachment and colonization, leading to dental diseases. Many approaches have been investigated to minimize the formation of biofilms over polymeric restorative materials and at the tooth/material interfaces. Among them, contact-killing compounds have shown promising results to inhibit dental biofilms. Contact-killing compounds can be immobilized within the polymer structure, delivering a long-lasting effect with no leaching or release, thus providing advantages compared to release-based materials. This review discusses cutting-edge research on the development of contact-killing compounds in dental restorative materials to target oral pathogens. Contact-killing compounds in resin composite restorations, dental adhesives, root canal sealers, denture-based materials, and crown cements have all demonstrated promising antibacterial properties. Contact-killing restorative materials have been found to effectively inhibit the growth and activities of several oral pathogens related to dental caries, periodontal diseases, endodontic, and fungal infections. Further laboratory optimization and clinical trials using translational models are needed to confirm the clinical applicability of this new generation of contact-killing dental restorative materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba Mitwalli
- Program in Biomedical Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (H.M.); (R.A.); (A.A.B.); (M.D.W.)
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rashed Alsahafi
- Program in Biomedical Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (H.M.); (R.A.); (A.A.B.); (M.D.W.)
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 24381, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahman A. Balhaddad
- Program in Biomedical Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (H.M.); (R.A.); (A.A.B.); (M.D.W.)
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University, Dammam 34212, Saudi Arabia
| | - Michael D. Weir
- Program in Biomedical Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (H.M.); (R.A.); (A.A.B.); (M.D.W.)
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, School of Dentistry, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Hockin H. K. Xu
- Program in Biomedical Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (H.M.); (R.A.); (A.A.B.); (M.D.W.)
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, School of Dentistry, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
- Center for Stem Cell Biology; Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Mary Anne S. Melo
- Program in Biomedical Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (H.M.); (R.A.); (A.A.B.); (M.D.W.)
- Division of Operative Dentistry, Department of General Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
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Noree S, Thongthai P, Kitagawa H, Imazato S, Iwasaki Y. Reduction of Acidic Erosion and Oral Bacterial Adhesion through the Immobilization of Zwitterionic Polyphosphoesters on Mineral Substrates. CHEM LETT 2019. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.190709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Susita Noree
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Kansai University, 3-3-35 Yamate-cho, Suita, Osaka 564-0836, Japan
| | - Pasiree Thongthai
- Department of Biomaterials Science, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, 1-8 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Haruaki Kitagawa
- Department of Biomaterials Science, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, 1-8 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Satoshi Imazato
- Department of Biomaterials Science, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, 1-8 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
- Department of Advanced Functional Materials Science, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, 1-8 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Iwasaki
- Faculty of Chemistry, Materials and Bioengineering, Kansai University, 3-3-35 Yamate-cho, Suita, Osaka 564-0836, Japan
- ORDIST, Kansai University, 3-3-35 Yamate-cho, Suita, Osaka 564-0836, Japan
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15
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Poly(amido amine) and rechargeable adhesive containing calcium phosphate nanoparticles for long-term dentin remineralization. J Dent 2019; 85:47-56. [PMID: 31034857 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2019.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2019] [Revised: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objective of the present study was to investigate long-term dentin remineralization via the combination of poly(amido amine) (PAMAM) with a novel rechargeable adhesive containing nanoparticles of amorphous calcium phosphate (NACP). METHODS The NACP adhesive was immersed in lactic acid at pH 4 to exhaust its calcium (Ca) and phosphate (P) ion release, and then recharged with Ca and P ions. Dentin samples were pre-demineralized with 37% phosphoric acid, and then divided into four groups: (1) dentin control, (2) dentin treated with PAMAM, (3) dentin with recharged NACP adhesive, (4) dentin with PAMAM + recharged NACP adhesive. In group (2) and (4), the PAMAM-coated dentin was immersed in phosphate-buffered saline with vigorous shaking for 77 days to accelerate any detachment of the PAMAM macromolecules from the demineralized dentin. Samples were treated with a cyclic remineralization/demineralization regimen for 21 days. RESULTS After 77 days of fluid flow challenge, the immersed PAMAM still retained its nucleation template function. The recharged NACP adhesive possessed sustained ion re-release and acid-neutralization capability, both of which did not decrease with repeated recharge and re-release cycles. The immersed PAMAM with the recharged NACP adhesive achieved long-term dentin remineralization, and restored dentin hardness to that of healthy dentin. CONCLUSIONS The PAMAM + NACP adhesive completely remineralizes pre-demineralized dentin even after long-term fluid challenges and provides long-term remineralization to protect tooth structures. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE The novel PAMAM + NACP adhesive provides long-term bond protection and caries inhibition to increase the longevity of resin-based restorations.
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Kwon JS, Lee MJ, Kim JY, Kim D, Ryu JH, Jang S, Kim KM, Hwang CJ, Choi SH. Novel anti-biofouling light-curable fluoride varnish containing 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine to prevent enamel demineralization. Sci Rep 2019; 9:1432. [PMID: 30723241 PMCID: PMC6363795 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-38255-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
We evaluated the efficacy of light-curable fluoride varnish (LCFV) that contains 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC) in terms of anti-biofouling properties and prevention of tooth enamel demineralization. MPC was mixed with and incorporated into LCFV at 0 (control), 1.5, 3.0, 5.0, 10.0, 20.0, and 40.0 weight percentage (wt%). Addition of high wt% of MPC resulted in increased film thickness and decreased the degree of conversion, indicating loss of the advantageous properties of LCFV. Addition of 1.5, 3, or 5 wt% MPC significantly reduced the amount of bovine serum albumin adsorbed from a solution and proteins adsorbed from brain heart infusion medium compared to the control (P < 0.001). A similar pattern was observed for bacterial adhesion: significantly less Streptococcus mutans cells adhered on the surface of LCFV with 1.5, 3, or 5 wt% MPC (P < 0.001) than on the control, and similar results were obtained for Actinomyces naeslundii and Streptococcus sanguinis adherence to LCFV with 3 wt% MPC. Finally, bacterial adhesion, surface microhardness loss, and the depth of demineralization were substantially lower on bovine tooth enamel surface coated with LCFV containing 3 wt% of MPC than in the control treatment (0 wt% MPC). Therefore, this novel LCFV containing a low concentration of MPC (e.g., 3 wt%) would be effective in anti-biofouling while maintaining the important advantageous features of light-curable fluoride in preventing demineralization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Sung Kwon
- Department and Research Institute of Dental Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung-Jin Lee
- Department and Research Institute of Dental Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Young Kim
- Department of Orthodontics, Institute of Craniofacial Deformity, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dohyun Kim
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Hyun Ryu
- Department and Research Institute of Dental Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,BK21 PLUS Project, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungil Jang
- BK21 PLUS Project, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Oral Biology, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang-Mahn Kim
- Department and Research Institute of Dental Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chung-Ju Hwang
- Department of Orthodontics, Institute of Craniofacial Deformity, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Hwan Choi
- Department of Orthodontics, Institute of Craniofacial Deformity, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Kwon JS, Lee MJ, Kim JY, Kim D, Ryu JH, Jang S, Kim KM, Hwang CJ, Choi SH. Novel anti-biofouling bioactive calcium silicate-based cement containing 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0211007. [PMID: 30653611 PMCID: PMC6336247 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0211007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcium silicate-based cements (CSCs) are commonly used for endodontic procedures; however, their antibacterial effects are limited. The objective of this study was to develop a 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC)-incorporated CSC with improved antibacterial properties, while maintaining the original advantageous features of CSC. MPC was incorporated into a commercial CSC (Endocem MTA) at 0 wt% (control), 1.5%, 3.0 wt%, 5.0 wt%, 7.5 wt%, and 10 wt%. The setting time, compressive strength, water sorption, and glycerol contact angle were measured. Protein absorption was measured and bacterial adhesion on the surface was evaluated using Enterococcus faecalis. The bactericidal effect was examined by the disc diffusion test. Mineralization ability was assessed based on calcium ion deposition, as assessed by alizarin red staining, after immersion into Hank's balanced salt solution for 7 days. High concentrations of MPC in CSC (7.5 wt% and 10 wt%) increased the setting time, reduced compressive strength, and reduced wettability. MPC (3 wt%) had greater protein repellent and anti-biofouling effects than those of control and test materials (P < 0.001). However, no bactericidal effect was observed for any control or test materials. There was greater calcium ion deposition on the surface of MPC-supplemented CSC than on the control (P < 0.001). The addition of 3 wt% MPC polymer to CSC confers protein-repellent properties and reduced bacterial attachment, with the potential for improved mineralization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Sung Kwon
- Department and Research Institute of Dental Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung-Jin Lee
- Department and Research Institute of Dental Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Young Kim
- Department of Orthodontics, Institute of Craniofacial Deformity, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dohyun Kim
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Hyun Ryu
- Department and Research Institute of Dental Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- BK21 PLUS Project, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungil Jang
- BK21 PLUS Project, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Oral Biology, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang-Mahn Kim
- Department and Research Institute of Dental Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chung-Ju Hwang
- Department of Orthodontics, Institute of Craniofacial Deformity, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Hwan Choi
- Department of Orthodontics, Institute of Craniofacial Deformity, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail:
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18
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Xiao S, Wang H, Liang K, Tay F, Weir MD, Melo MAS, Wang L, Wu Y, Oates TW, Ding Y, Xu HHK. Novel multifunctional nanocomposite for root caries restorations to inhibit periodontitis-related pathogens. J Dent 2018; 81:17-26. [PMID: 30552930 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2018.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Revised: 12/02/2018] [Accepted: 12/08/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objectives of this study were to: (1) develop a novel multifunctional composite with nanoparticles of silver (NAg), 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC), dimethylaminohexadecyl methacrylate (DMAHDM) and nanoparticles of amorphous calcium phosphate (NACP); and (2) investigate biofilm-inhibition via the multifunctional nanocomposite against three species of periodontal pathogens for the first time. METHODS The multifunctional nanocomposite was fabricated by incorporating NAg, MPC, DMAHDM and NACP into the resin consisting of pyromellitic glycerol dimethacrylate (PMDGDM) and ethoxylated bisphenol A dimethacrylate (EBPADMA). Three species (Porphyromonas gingivalis, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and Fusobacterium nucleatum) were tested for metabolic activity (MTT), live/dead staining, polysaccharide production and colony-forming units (CFU) of biofilms grown on resins. RESULTS Incorporation of 0.08% to 0.12% NAg, 3% MPC, 3% DMAHDM and 30% NACP did not compromise the mechanical properties of the composite (p > 0.1). The multifunctional nanocomposite reduced protein adsorption to nearly 1/10 of that of a commercial control (p < 0.05). For all three species, the biofilm CFU was reduced by about 5 and 1 orders of magnitude via the nanocomposite containing NAg + MPC + DMAHDM, compared to commercial control and the composite with MPC + DMAHDM, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The novel multifunctional nanocomposite achieved the greatest reduction in metabolic activity, polysaccharide and biofilm growth of three periodontal pathogens. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE The strongly-antibacterial, multifunctional composite is promising for treating root lesions, alleviating periodontitis and protecting the periodontal tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shimeng Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Dept. of Periodontology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, China; Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Haohao Wang
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA; State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Dept. of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, China
| | - Kunneng Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Dept. of Periodontology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, China; Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.
| | - Franklin Tay
- Department of Endodontics, Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Michael D Weir
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Mary Anne S Melo
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA; VIP Integrated Department, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130011, China
| | - Yafei Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Dept. of Periodontology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, China
| | - Thomas W Oates
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Yi Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Dept. of Periodontology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, China.
| | - Hockin H K Xu
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA; Center for Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA; Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.
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Cao L, Xie X, Wang B, Weir MD, Oates TW, Xu HHK, Zhang N, Bai Y. Protein-repellent and antibacterial effects of a novel polymethyl methacrylate resin. J Dent 2018; 79:39-45. [PMID: 30248381 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2018.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Revised: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Heat-cured resins are commonly used in orthodontics; however, there is a high incidence of caries, periodontal diseases and denture-induced stomatitis. The objectives of this study were to: (1) develop a new bioactive polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) resin containing 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC) and quaternary ammonium dimethylaminohexadecyl methacrylate (DMAHDM), and (2) investigate the effects on mechanical properties, protein-repellency and antibacterial properties. METHODS MPC and DMAHDM were mixed into a commercial acrylic resin (Nature Cryl™ MC). Mechanical properties were measured in three-point flexure. Surface roughness was assessed using atomic force microscopy (AFM). Protein adsorption onto the PMMA resin was measured using a micro bicinchoninic acid (BCA) method. A human saliva microcosm model was used to investigate the live/dead staining and metabolic activity of the biofilms. RESULTS Incorporation of 3% MPC and 1.5% DMAHDM into PMMA resin achieved protein repellent and antibacterial capabilities, without compromising the mechanical properties. PMMA resin with 3% MPC + 1.5% DMAHDM had protein adsorption that was 1/6 that of a commercial control (p < 0.05). The PMMA resin with 3% MPC + 1.5% DMAHDM had much greater reduction in biofilm growth than using MPC or DMAHDM alone (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS A bioactive PMMA resin with a combination of strong protein-repellent and antibacterial capabilities was developed for the first time. The new resin greatly reduced the biofilm growth and metabolic activity, without compromising its mechanical properties. SIGNIFICANCE Novel PMMA resin is promising for applications in orthodontic retainers and orthodontic appliances to reduce biofilm activity and protein adsorption around the resin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Cao
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Xianju Xie
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China; Department of Orthodontics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116011, China
| | - Michael D Weir
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Thomas W Oates
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Hockin H K Xu
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; Center for Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Ning Zhang
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Yuxing Bai
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China.
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20
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Li Y, Hu X, Xia Y, Ji Y, Ruan J, Weir MD, Lin X, Nie Z, Gu N, Masri R, Chang X, Xu HHK. Novel magnetic nanoparticle-containing adhesive with greater dentin bond strength and antibacterial and remineralizing capabilities. Dent Mater 2018; 34:1310-1322. [PMID: 29935766 PMCID: PMC6103821 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2018.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2018] [Revised: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES A nanoparticle-doped adhesive that can be controlled with magnetic forces was recently developed to deliver drugs to the pulp and improve adhesive penetration into dentin. However, it did not have bactericidal and remineralization abilities. The objectives of this study were to: (1) develop a magnetic nanoparticle-containing adhesive with dimethylaminohexadecyl methacrylate (DMAHDM), amorphous calcium phosphate nanoparticles (NACP) and magnetic nanoparticles (MNP); and (2) investigate the effects on dentin bond strength, calcium (Ca) and phosphate (P) ion release and anti-biofilm properties. METHODS MNP, DMAHDM and NACP were mixed into Scotchbond SBMP at 2%, 5% and 20% by mass, respectively. Two types of magnetic nanoparticles were used: acrylate-functionalized iron nanoparticles (AINPs); and iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs). Each type was added into the resin at 1% by mass. Dentin bonding was performed with a magnetic force application for 3min, provided by a commercial cube-shaped magnet. Dentin shear bond strengths were measured. Streptococcus mutans biofilms were grown on resins, and metabolic activity, lactic acid and colony-forming units (CFU) were determined. Ca and P ion concentrations in, and pH of biofilm culture medium were measured. RESULTS Magnetic nanoparticle-containing adhesive using magnetic force increased the dentin shear bond strength by 59% over SBMP Control (p<0.05). Adding DMAHDM and NACP did not adversely affect the dentin bond strength (p>0.05). The adhesive with MNP+DMAHDM+NACP reduced the S. mutans biofilm CFU by 4 logs. For the adhesive with NACP, the biofilm medium became a Ca and P ion reservoir. The biofilm culture medium of the magnetic nanoparticle-containing adhesive with NACP had a safe pH of 6.9, while the biofilm medium of commercial adhesive had a cariogenic pH of 4.5. SIGNIFICANCE Magnetic nanoparticle-containing adhesive with DMAHDM and NACP under a magnetic force yielded much greater dentin bond strength than commercial control. The novel adhesive reduced biofilm CFU by 4 logs and increased the biofilm pH from a cariogenic pH 4.5-6.9, and therefore is promising to enhance the resin-tooth bond, strengthen tooth structures, and suppress secondary caries at the restoration margins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuncong Li
- Clinical Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, China; Department of Prosthodontics, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, China; Department of Advanced Oral Sciences & Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Xiaoyi Hu
- Clinical Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, China; Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, China
| | - Yang Xia
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences & Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Yadong Ji
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences & Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Jianping Ruan
- Clinical Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, China
| | - Michael D Weir
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences & Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Xiaoying Lin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Zhihong Nie
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Ning Gu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210096, China
| | - Radi Masri
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences & Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
| | - Xiaofeng Chang
- Clinical Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, China.
| | - Hockin H K Xu
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences & Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; University of Maryland Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
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Al-Qarni FD, Tay F, Weir MD, Melo MAS, Sun J, Oates TW, Xie X, Xu HHK. Protein-repelling adhesive resin containing calcium phosphate nanoparticles with repeated ion-recharge and re-releases. J Dent 2018; 78:91-99. [PMID: 30153499 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2018.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2018] [Revised: 08/05/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objectives were to develop a calcium (Ca) and phosphate (P) ion-rechargeable and protein-repellent adhesive containing nanoparticles of amorphous calcium phosphate (NACP) and 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC), and investigate the MPC effects on ion recharge and re-releases for the first time. METHODS Pyromellitic glycerol dimethacrylate and ethoxylated bisphenol-A dimethacrylate were used to fabricate adhesive PEHB. Six adhesives were tested: (1) Scotchbond (SBMP); (2) PEHB, (3) PEHB + 20%NACP; (4) PEHB + 30%NACP; (5) PEHB + 20%NACP+3%MPC; (6) PEHB + 30%NACP+3%MPC. Dentin shear bond strength, Ca/P ion release, recharge and re-release, and protein adsorption were measured. A microcosm biofilm model was tested for lactic-acid production and colony-forming units (CFU). RESULTS Adding NACP + MPC did not negatively affect dentin bond strength (p > 0.1). With increasing the number of recharge/re-release cycles, the Ca/P ion re-release reached similarly higher levels (p > 0.1), indicating long-term remineralization capability. One recharge enabled the adhesives to have continued re-releases for 21 days. Incorporation of 3% MPC yielded 10-fold decrease in protein adsorption, and 1-2 log decrease in biofilm CFU. CONCLUSIONS The new rechargeable adhesive with MPC + 30%NACP greatly reduced protein adsorption, biofilm growth and lactic acid. Incorporation of MPC did not compromise the excellent Ca/P ion release, rechargeability, and dentin bond strength. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Novel bioactive adhesive containing MPC + NACP is promising to repel proteins and bacteria, and inhibit secondary caries at the restoration margins. The method of NACP + MPC to combine CaP-recharge and protein-repellency is applicable to the development of a new generation of materials including composites and cements to suppress oral biofilms and plaque formation and protect tooth structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faisal D Al-Qarni
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences & Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Substitutive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Franklin Tay
- Department of Endodontics, Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Michael D Weir
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences & Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Mary A S Melo
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences & Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jirun Sun
- Volpe Research Center, American Dental Association Foundation, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, 20899, USA
| | - Thomas W Oates
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences & Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Xianju Xie
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences & Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Hockin H K Xu
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences & Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, USA; Center for Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA; Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.
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Türkcan İ, Nalbant AD, Bat E, Akca G. Examination of 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine polymer coated acrylic resin denture base material: surface characteristics and Candida albicans adhesion. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2018; 29:107. [PMID: 29971499 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-018-6116-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC) polymer coating with various concentrations onto acrylic resin denture base material on surface characteristics such as contact angle and surface roughness and on Candida albicans adhesion which is the major factor of denture stomatitis. Specimens, prepared from heat-polymerized acrylic denture base material, were divided into control and three test groups, randomly. Surfaces of the specimens in test groups were coated with poly(MPC) (PMPC) by graft polymerization of MPC in different concentrations (0.25 mol/L; 0.50 mol/L and 0.75 mol/L), while no surface treatment was applied to the control group. Contact angles and surface roughness were examined, and chemical composition of the surfaces was analyzed by Attenuated Total Reflectance-Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) to verify the presence of PMPC coatings. Then, specimens were incubated with C. albicans for 18 h and the number of adhered cells was determined. Upon PMPC coating, the contact angle values statistically decreased, but no difference was found in surface roughness values. A statistically significant decrease was observed in C. albicans adhesion in parallel with the increase in the MPC polymer concentration. There was no significant difference between 0.50 mol/L and 0.75 mol/L groups in terms of adhesion. These findings indicated that graft polymerization of MPC on acrylic denture base material reduces the adhesion of C. albicans, and may be evaluated as a coating for prevention of denture stomatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- İrem Türkcan
- Özel Çankaya Hikmet Bozyel Oral and Dental Health Policlinic, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - A Dilek Nalbant
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Prosthodontics, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Erhan Bat
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gülçin Akca
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Microbiology, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
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Nanostructured Polymeric Materials with Protein-Repellent and Anti-Caries Properties for Dental Applications. NANOMATERIALS 2018; 8:nano8060393. [PMID: 29865184 PMCID: PMC6027387 DOI: 10.3390/nano8060393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2018] [Revised: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Dental caries is prevalent worldwide. Tooth cavity restorations cost more than $46 billion annually in the United States alone. The current generation of esthetic polymeric restorations have unsatisfactory failure rates. Replacing the failed restorations accounts for 50–70% of all the restorations. This article reviewed developments in producing a new generation of bioactive and therapeutic restorations. This includes: Protein-repellent and anti-caries polymeric dental composites, especially the use of 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC) and dimethylaminododecyl methacrylate (DMAHDM); protein-repellent adhesives to greatly reduce biofilm acids; bioactive cements to inhibit tooth lesions; combining protein-repellency with antibacterial nanoparticles of silver; tooth surface coatings containing calcium phosphate nanoparticles for remineralization; therapeutic restorations to suppress periodontal pathogens; and long-term durability of bioactive and therapeutic dental polymers. MPC was chosen due to its strong ability to repel proteins. DMAHDM was selected because it had the most potent antibacterial activity when compared to a series of antibacterial monomers. The new generation of materials possessed potent antibacterial functions against cariogenic and periodontal pathogens, and reduced biofilm colony-forming units by up to 4 logs, provided calcium phosphate ions for remineralization and strengthening of tooth structures, and raised biofilm pH from a cariogenic pH 4.5 to a safe pH 6.5. The new materials achieved a long-term durability that was significantly beyond current commercial control materials. This new generation of bioactive and nanostructured polymers is promising for wide applications to provide therapeutic healing effects and greater longevity for dental restorations.
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Ishihara K, Fukazawa K, Inoue Y, Koyama J, Mori Y, Kinoshita T, Hiranuma K, Yasuda N. Reliable surface modification of dental plastic substrates to reduce biofouling with a photoreactive phospholipid polymer. J Appl Polym Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/app.46512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiko Ishihara
- Department of Materials Engineering; University of Tokyo; 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-Ku Tokyo 113-8656 Japan
| | - Kyoko Fukazawa
- Department of Materials Engineering; University of Tokyo; 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-Ku Tokyo 113-8656 Japan
| | - Yuuki Inoue
- Department of Materials Engineering; University of Tokyo; 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-Ku Tokyo 113-8656 Japan
| | - Jun Koyama
- Department of Dentistry and Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery; Jichi Medical University; 3311-1 Yakusiji, Simotsuke 329-0498 Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Mori
- Department of Dentistry and Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery; Jichi Medical University; 3311-1 Yakusiji, Simotsuke 329-0498 Japan
| | - Toru Kinoshita
- Kinoshita Dental Clinic; 3-12-7 Nishiogi-Kita Suginami 167-0042 Tokyo Japan
| | - Katsumi Hiranuma
- Department of Dentistry and Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery; Jichi Medical University; 3311-1 Yakusiji, Simotsuke 329-0498 Japan
- Kinoshita Dental Clinic; 3-12-7 Nishiogi-Kita Suginami 167-0042 Tokyo Japan
| | - Noboru Yasuda
- Kinoshita Dental Clinic; 3-12-7 Nishiogi-Kita Suginami 167-0042 Tokyo Japan
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Dental Composite Formulation Design with Bioactivity on Protein Adsorption Combined with Crack-Healing Capability. J Funct Biomater 2017; 8:jfb8030040. [PMID: 28880246 PMCID: PMC5618291 DOI: 10.3390/jfb8030040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2017] [Revised: 08/28/2017] [Accepted: 08/30/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Short Title Protein-repellent dental composite with crack-healing ability Abstract Fracture and secondary caries are the primary reasons for the failure of dental restorations. To face this omnipresent problem, we report the formulation design and synthesis of a protein-resistant dental composite composed of 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC) that also can self-repair damage and recover the load-bearing capability via microencapsulated triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA) and N,N-dihydroxy ethyl-p-toluidine (DHEPT). The bioactivity of the resulting MPC-microencapsulated TEGDMA-DHEPT was evaluated on protein adsorption through early bacterial attachment. Its mechanical properties were also investigated, including self-healing assessment. Microcapsules of poly (urea-formaldehyde) (PUF) were synthesized by incorporating a TEGDMA-DHEPT healing liquid. A set of composites that contained 7.5% of MPC, 10% of microcapsules, and without MPC/microcapsules were also prepared as controls. The two distinct characteristics of strong protein repellency and load-bearing recovery were achieved by the combined strategies. The novel dual composite with a combination of protein-repellent MPC and PUF microcapsules for restoring microcracks is a promising strategy for dental restorations to address the two main challenges of fracture and secondary caries. The new dual composite formulation design has the potential to improve the longevity of dental restorations significantly.
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Song L, Ye Q, Ge X, Misra A, Tamerler C, Spencer P. Probing the neutralization behavior of zwitterionic monomer-containing dental adhesive. Dent Mater 2017; 33:564-574. [PMID: 28366234 PMCID: PMC5480395 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2017.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2016] [Revised: 01/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the polymerization kinetics, neutralization behavior, and mechanical properties of amine-functionalized dental adhesive cured in the presence of zwitterionic monomer, methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC). METHODS The control adhesive was a mixture based on HEMA/BisGMA/2-N-morpholinoethyl methacrylate (MEMA) (40/30/30, w/w/w). The control and experimental formulations containing MPC were characterized with regard to water miscibility of liquid resins, photopolymerization kinetics, water sorption and solubility, dynamic mechanical properties and leachables from the polymers (aged in ethanol). The neutralization behavior of the adhesives was determined by monitoring the pH of lactic acid (LA) solution. RESULTS The water miscibility decreased with increasing MPC amount. The water sorption of experimental copolymer specimen was greater than the control. The addition of 8wt% water led to improved photo-polymerization efficiency for experimental formulations at MPC of 2.5 and 5wt%, and significant reduction in the cumulative amounts of leached HEMA, BisGMA, and MEMA, i.e. 90, 60 and 50% reduction, respectively. The neutralization rate of MPC-containing adhesive was faster than control. The optimal MPC concentration in the formulations was 5wt%. SIGNIFICANCE Incompatibility between MEMA and MPC led to a decrease in water miscibility of the liquid resins. Water (at 8wt%) in the MPC-containing formulations (2.5-5wt% MPC) led to higher DC, faster RPmax and significant reduction in leached HEMA, BisGMA, and MEMA. The neutralization rate was enhanced with the addition of MPC in the amine-containing formulation. Promoting the neutralization capability of dentin adhesives could play an important role in reducing recurrent decay at the composite/tooth interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linyong Song
- University of Kansas, Bioengineering Research Center, 1530 W. 15th Street, Lawrence, KS 66045-7609, USA
| | - Qiang Ye
- University of Kansas, Bioengineering Research Center, 1530 W. 15th Street, Lawrence, KS 66045-7609, USA.
| | - Xueping Ge
- University of Kansas, Bioengineering Research Center, 1530 W. 15th Street, Lawrence, KS 66045-7609, USA
| | - Anil Misra
- University of Kansas, Bioengineering Research Center, 1530 W. 15th Street, Lawrence, KS 66045-7609, USA; University of Kansas, Department of Civil Engineering, 1530 W. 15th Street, Lawrence, KS 66045-7609, USA
| | - Candan Tamerler
- University of Kansas, Bioengineering Research Center, 1530 W. 15th Street, Lawrence, KS 66045-7609, USA; University of Kansas, Department of Mechanical Engineering, 1530 W. 15th Street, Lawrence, KS 66045-7609, USA
| | - Paulette Spencer
- University of Kansas, Bioengineering Research Center, 1530 W. 15th Street, Lawrence, KS 66045-7609, USA; University of Kansas, Department of Mechanical Engineering, 1530 W. 15th Street, Lawrence, KS 66045-7609, USA.
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27
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Xie X, Wang L, Xing D, Zhang K, Weir MD, Liu H, Bai Y, Xu HHK. Novel dental adhesive with triple benefits of calcium phosphate recharge, protein-repellent and antibacterial functions. Dent Mater 2017; 33:553-563. [PMID: 28356216 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2017.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2016] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A new adhesive containing nanoparticles of amorphous calcium phosphate (NACP) with calcium (Ca) and phosphate (P) ion rechargeability was recently developed; however, it was not antibacterial. The objectives of this study were to: (1) develop a novel adhesive with triple benefits of Ca and P ion recharge, protein-repellent and antibacterial functions via dimethylaminohexadecyl methacrylate (DMAHDM) and 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC); and (2) investigate dentin bond strength, protein adsorption, Ca and P ion concentration, microcosm biofilm response and pH properties. METHODS MPC, DMAHDM and NACP were mixed into a resin consisting of ethoxylated bisphenol A dimethacrylate (EBPADMA), pyromellitic glycerol dimethacrylate (PMGDM), 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) and bisphenol A glycidyl dimethacrylate (BisGMA). Protein adsorption was measured using a micro bicinchoninic acid method. A human saliva microcosm biofilm model was tested on resins. Colony-forming units (CFU), live/dead assay, metabolic activity, Ca and P ion concentration and biofilm culture medium pH were determined. RESULTS The adhesive with 5% MPC+5% DMAHDM+30% NACP inhibited biofilm growth, reducing biofilm CFU by 4 log, compared to control (p<0.05). Dentin shear bond strengths were similar (p>0.1). Biofilm medium became a Ca and P ion reservoir having ion concentration increasing with NACP filler level. The adhesive with 5% MPC+5% DMAHDM+30% NACP maintained a safe pH>6, while commercial adhesive had a cariogenic pH of 4. SIGNIFICANCE The new adhesive with triple benefits of Ca and P ion recharge, protein-repellent and antibacterial functions substantially reduced biofilm growth, reducing biofilm CFU by 4 orders of magnitude, and yielding a much higher pH than commercial adhesive. This novel adhesive is promising to protect tooth structures from biofilm acids. The method of using NACP, MPC and DMAHDM is promising for application to other dental materials to combat caries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianju Xie
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Department of Endodontics, Periodontics and Prosthodontics, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Endodontics, Periodontics and Prosthodontics, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; VIP Integrated Department, Stomatological Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Dan Xing
- Department of Endodontics, Periodontics and Prosthodontics, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; Department of Dentistry, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing, China
| | - Ke Zhang
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Department of Endodontics, Periodontics and Prosthodontics, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Michael D Weir
- Department of Endodontics, Periodontics and Prosthodontics, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Huaibing Liu
- L.D. Caulk Division, Dentsply Sirona Restorative, Milford, DE 19963, USA
| | - Yuxing Bai
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Hockin H K Xu
- Department of Endodontics, Periodontics and Prosthodontics, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; Center for Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, MD 21250, USA.
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Do Dental Resin Composites Accumulate More Oral Biofilms and Plaque than Amalgam and Glass Ionomer Materials? MATERIALS 2016; 9:ma9110888. [PMID: 28774007 PMCID: PMC5457238 DOI: 10.3390/ma9110888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2016] [Revised: 10/25/2016] [Accepted: 10/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
A long-time drawback of dental composites is that they accumulate more biofilms and plaques than amalgam and glass ionomer restorative materials. It would be highly desirable to develop a new composite with reduced biofilm growth, while avoiding the non-esthetics of amalgam and low strength of glass ionomer. The objectives of this study were to: (1) develop a protein-repellent composite with reduced biofilms matching amalgam and glass ionomer for the first time; and (2) investigate their protein adsorption, biofilms, and mechanical properties. Five materials were tested: A new composite containing 3% of protein-repellent 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC); the composite with 0% MPC as control; commercial composite control; dental amalgam; resin-modified glass ionomer (RMGI). A dental plaque microcosm biofilm model with human saliva as inoculum was used to investigate metabolic activity, colony-forming units (CFU), and lactic acid production. Composite with 3% MPC had flexural strength similar to those with 0% MPC and commercial composite control (p > 0.1), and much greater than RMGI (p < 0.05). Composite with 3% MPC had protein adsorption that was only 1/10 that of control composites (p < 0.05). Composite with 3% MPC had biofilm CFU and lactic acid much lower than control composites (p < 0.05). Biofilm growth, metabolic activity and lactic acid on the new composite with 3% MPC were reduced to the low level of amalgam and RMGI (p > 0.1). In conclusion, a new protein-repellent dental resin composite reduced oral biofilm growth and acid production to the low levels of non-esthetic amalgam and RMGI for the first time. The long-held conclusion that dental composites accumulate more biofilms than amalgam and glass ionomer is no longer true. The novel composite is promising to finally overcome the major biofilm-accumulation drawback of dental composites in order to reduce biofilm acids and secondary caries.
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Kang S, Lee M, Kang M, Noh M, Jeon J, Lee Y, Seo JH. Development of anti-biofouling interface on hydroxyapatite surface by coating zwitterionic MPC polymer containing calcium-binding moieties to prevent oral bacterial adhesion. Acta Biomater 2016; 40:70-77. [PMID: 26961806 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2016.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2015] [Revised: 01/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The purpose of the present study is to synthesize a 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC) polymer capable of being immobilized on the tooth surface to prevent oral bacterial adhesion. The strategy is to develop an MPC-based polymer with Ca(2+)-binding moieties, i.e., phosphomonoester groups, for stronger binding with hydroxyapatite (HA) of the tooth surface. To this end, a 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphate (MOEP) monomer was synthesized and copolymerized with MPC by free radical polymerization. The coating efficiency of the synthesized polymer, MPC-ran-MOEP (abbreviated as PMP) with varied composition, onto a HA surface was estimated by means of contact angle measurement and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The anti-biofouling nature of PMP-coated HA surfaces was estimated by analyzing protein adsorption, cell adhesion, and Streptococcus mutans adhesion. As a result, HA surface coated with a copolymer containing around 50% MPC (PMP50) showed the best performance in preventing protein adsorption and the downstream cell and bacterial adhesion. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Preparation of anti-biofouling surface on the tooth enamel is the key technique to prevent dental and periodontal diseases, which are closely related with the biofilm formation that induced by the adsorption of salivary proteins and the adhesion of oral bacteria on the tooth surface. In this research, a PMP copolymer with an optimized ratio of zwitterionic and Ca(2+)-binding moieties could form a highly effective and robust anti-biofouling surface on HA surfaces by a simple coating method. The PMP-coated surface with high stability can provide a new strategy for an anti-adsorptive and anti-bacterial platform in dentistry and related fields.
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Zhang N, Chen C, Weir MD, Bai Y, Xu HHK. Antibacterial and protein-repellent orthodontic cement to combat biofilms and white spot lesions. J Dent 2015; 43:1529-38. [PMID: 26427311 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2015.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2015] [Revised: 09/23/2015] [Accepted: 09/25/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES White spot lesions are the most undesired side-effect of fixed orthodontic treatments. The objectives of this study were to combine nanoparticles of silver (NAg) with 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC) to develop a modified resin-modified glass ionomer cement (RMGI) as orthodontic cement with double benefits of antibacterial and protein-repellent capabilities for the first time. METHODS NAg and MPC were incorporated into a commercial RMGI. Another commercial orthodontic adhesive also served as control. Enamel shear bond strengths (SBS) were determined. Protein adsorption was measured via a micro bicinchoninic acid method. A dental plaque microcosm biofilm model with human saliva as inoculum was tested. Biofilms adherent on the cement samples and planktonic bacteria in the culture medium away from the cement surfaces were both evaluated for bacterial metabolic activity, colony-forming units (CFU), and lactic acid production. RESULTS Adding 0.1% NAg and 3% MPC to RMGI, and water-aging for 30 days, did not adversely affect the SBS, compared to the unmodified RMGI control (p>0.1). The modified RMGI containing 0.1% NAg and 3% MPC achieved the greatest reduction in protein adsorption, bacterial adhesion, CFU, metabolic activity and lactic acid production. The RMGI containing 0.1% NAg and 3% MPC inhibited not only the bacteria on its surface, but also the bacteria away from the surface in the culture medium. CONCLUSIONS The incorporation of double agents (antibacterial NAg+protein-repellent MPC) into RMGI achieved much stronger inhibition of biofilms than using each agent alone. The novel antibacterial and protein-repellent RMGI with substantially-reduced biofilm acids is promising as an orthodontic cement to combat white spot lesions in enamel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Zhang
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering Division, School of Dentistry, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Chen Chen
- Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering Division, School of Dentistry, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Michael D Weir
- Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering Division, School of Dentistry, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Yuxing Bai
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Hockin H K Xu
- Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering Division, School of Dentistry, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; Center for Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, MD 21250, USA.
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Zhang N, Melo MAS, Chen C, Liu J, Weir MD, Bai Y, Xu HHK. Development of a multifunctional adhesive system for prevention of root caries and secondary caries. Dent Mater 2015; 31:1119-31. [PMID: 26187532 PMCID: PMC4665983 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2015.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2014] [Revised: 02/17/2015] [Accepted: 06/19/2015] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objectives of this study were to: (1) develop a novel adhesive for prevention of tooth root caries and secondary caries by possessing a combination of protein-repellent, antibacterial, and remineralization capabilities for the first time; and (2) investigate the effects of 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC), dimethylaminohexadecyl methacrylate (DMAHDM), and nanoparticles of amorphous calcium phosphate (NACP) on dentin bond strength, protein-repellent properties, and dental plaque microcosm biofilm response. METHODS MPC, DMAHDM and NACP were added into Scotchbond Multi-Purpose primer and adhesive. Dentin shear bond strengths were measured. Adhesive coating thickness, surface texture and dentin-adhesive interfacial structure were examined. Protein adsorption onto adhesive resin surface was determined by the micro bicinchoninic acid method. A human saliva microcosm biofilm model was used to investigate biofilm metabolic activity, colony-forming unit (CFU) counts, and lactic acid production. RESULTS The resin with 7.5% MPC+5% DMAHDM+30% NACP did not adversely affect dentin shear bond strength (p>0.1). The resin with 7.5% MPC+5% DMAHDM+30% NACP produced a coating on root dentin with a thickness of approximately 70μm and completely sealed all the dentinal tubules. The resin with 7.5% MPC+5% DMAHDM+30% NACP had 95% reduction in protein adsorption, compared to SBMP control (p<0.05). The resin with 7.5% MPC+5% DMAHDM+30% NACP was strongly antibacterial, with biofilm CFU being four orders of magnitude lower than that of SBMP control. Significance The novel multifunctional adhesive with strong protein-repellent, antibacterial and remineralization properties is promising to coat tooth roots to prevent root caries and secondary caries. The combined use of MPC, DMAHDM and NACP may have wide applicability to bonding agents, cements, sealants and composites to inhibit caries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Zhang
- Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering Division, Department of Endodontics, Prosthodontics and Operative Dentistry, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Mary A S Melo
- Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering Division, Department of Endodontics, Prosthodontics and Operative Dentistry, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Chen Chen
- Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering Division, Department of Endodontics, Prosthodontics and Operative Dentistry, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jason Liu
- Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering Division, Department of Endodontics, Prosthodontics and Operative Dentistry, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Michael D Weir
- Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering Division, Department of Endodontics, Prosthodontics and Operative Dentistry, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Yuxing Bai
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Hockin H K Xu
- Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering Division, Department of Endodontics, Prosthodontics and Operative Dentistry, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; Center for Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, MD 21250, USA.
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Zhang N, Weir MD, Romberg E, Bai Y, Xu HHK. Development of novel dental adhesive with double benefits of protein-repellent and antibacterial capabilities. Dent Mater 2015; 31:845-54. [PMID: 25990262 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2015.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2014] [Revised: 01/15/2015] [Accepted: 04/24/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Secondary caries at the tooth-restoration margins remains a main reason for restoration failure. The objectives of this study were to: (1) combine protein-repellent 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC) with quaternary ammonium dimethylaminohexadecyl methacrylate (DMAHDM) to develop a new dental adhesive with double benefits of protein-repellent and antibacterial capabilities for the first time; and (2) investigate the effects on protein adsorption, anti-biofilm activity, and dentin bond strength. METHODS MPC and DMAHDM were incorporated into Scotchbond Multi-Purpose (SBMP) primer and adhesive. Dentin shear bond strengths were measured using extracted human molars. Protein adsorption onto the adhesive resin surfaces was determined by the micro bicinchoninic acid (BCA) method. A dental plaque microcosm biofilm model with human saliva as inoculum was used to investigate biofilm metabolic activity, colony-forming unit (CFU) counts, lactic acid production and live/dead staining of biofilms on resins. RESULTS Incorporation of 7.5% MPC and 5% DMAHDM into primer and adhesive did not adversely affect the dentin shear bond strength (p>0.1). The resin with 7.5% MPC+5% DMAHDM had protein adsorption that was nearly 20-fold less than SBMP control (p<0.05). The resin with 7.5% MPC+5% DMAHDM had much stronger antibacterial effects than using MPC or DMAHDM alone (p<0.05). Biofilm CFU counts on the resin with 7.5% MPC+5% DMAHDM were reduced by more than 4 orders of magnitude, compared to SBMP control. SIGNIFICANCE The use of double agents (protein-repellent MPC+antibacterial DMAHDM) in dental adhesive achieved much stronger inhibition of biofilms than using each agent alone. The novel protein-repellent and antibacterial bonding agent is promising to reduce biofilm/plaque buildup and reduce recurrent caries at the tooth-restoration margins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Zhang
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China; Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering Division, Department of Endodontics, Prosthodontics and Operative Dentistry, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Michael D Weir
- Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering Division, Department of Endodontics, Prosthodontics and Operative Dentistry, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Elaine Romberg
- Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering Division, Department of Endodontics, Prosthodontics and Operative Dentistry, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Yuxing Bai
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China.
| | - Hockin H K Xu
- Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering Division, Department of Endodontics, Prosthodontics and Operative Dentistry, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; Center for Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, MD 21250, USA.
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Zhang N, Zhang K, Melo MAS, Chen C, Fouad AF, Bai Y, Xu HHK. Novel protein-repellent and biofilm-repellent orthodontic cement containing 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2015; 104:949-59. [PMID: 25970092 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.33444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2014] [Revised: 03/03/2015] [Accepted: 04/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The objectives of this study were to develop the first protein-repellent resin-modified glass ionomer cement (RMGI) by incorporating 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC) for orthodontic applications, and to investigate the MPC effects on protein adsorption, biofilm growth, and enamel bond strength. MPC was incorporated into RMGI at 0% (control), 1.5%, 3%, and 5% by mass. Specimens were stored in water at 37°C for 1 and 30 days. Enamel shear bond strength (SBS) was measured, and the adhesive remnant index (ARI) scores were assessed. Protein adsorption onto the specimens was determined by a micro bicinchoninic acid method. A dental plaque microcosm biofilm model with human saliva as inoculum was used. The results showed that adding 3% of MPC into RMGI did not significantly reduce the SBS (p > 0.1). There was no significant loss in SBS for RMGI containing 3% MPC after water-aging for 30 days, as compared to 1 day (p > 0.1). RMGI with 3% MPC had protein adsorption that was 1/10 that of control. RMGI with 3% MPC greatly reduced the bacterial adhesion, and lactic acid production and colony-forming units of biofilms, while substantially increasing the medium solution pH containing biofilms. The protein-repellent and biofilm-repellent effects were not decreased after water-aging for 30 days. In conclusion, the MPC-containing RMGI is promising to reduce biofilms and white spot lesions without compromising orthodontic bracket-enamel bond strength. The novel protein-repellent method may have applicability to other orthodontic cements, dental composites, adhesives, sealants, and cements to repel proteins and biofilms. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 104B: 949-959, 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Zhang
- Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering Division, Department of Endodontics, Prosthodontics and Operative Dentistry, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, Maryland, 21201.,Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ke Zhang
- Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering Division, Department of Endodontics, Prosthodontics and Operative Dentistry, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, Maryland, 21201.,Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Mary Anne S Melo
- Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering Division, Department of Endodontics, Prosthodontics and Operative Dentistry, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, Maryland, 21201
| | - Chen Chen
- Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering Division, Department of Endodontics, Prosthodontics and Operative Dentistry, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, Maryland, 21201.,State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ashraf F Fouad
- Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering Division, Department of Endodontics, Prosthodontics and Operative Dentistry, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, Maryland, 21201
| | - Yuxing Bai
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hockin H K Xu
- Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering Division, Department of Endodontics, Prosthodontics and Operative Dentistry, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, Maryland, 21201.,Center for Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, 21201.,Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, 21201.,Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, Maryland, 21250
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