1
|
Josic U, Teti G, Ionescu A, Maravic T, Mazzitelli C, Cokic S, Van Meerbeek B, Falconi M, Brambilla E, Mazzoni A, Breschi L. Cytotoxicity and microbiological behavior of universal resin composite cements. Dent Mater 2024; 40:1515-1523. [PMID: 39054113 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2024.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the cytotoxicity on human dental pulp cells (HDPCs) and Streptococcus mutans (S.mutans) biofilm formation on universal resin composite cements (UCs). METHODS Three UCs (RelyX Universal, 3 M Oral Care - RXU; Panavia SA Cement Universal, Kuraray Noritake - PSAU; SoloCem, Coltene - SCM) and one 'gold-standard' multi-step cement (Panavia V5, Kuraray Noritake - PV5) were used following two polymerization protocols (light-cured - LC; self-cured - SC). Cytotoxicity (MTT) tests were performed after 1, 3 and 7 days of direct contact. Carboxy-2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate was used to detect the release of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and interleukin 6 (IL-6) expression was analyzed by IL-6 proquantum high sensitivity immunoassay. S. mutans biofilms were grown on UCs samples in a bioreactor for 24 h, then adherent viable biomass was assessed using MTT assay. For microbiological procedures, half of UCs samples underwent accelerated aging. Data were statistically analyzed (α = 0.05). RESULTS The highest cytotoxicity was observed for PSAU SC, RXU SC, and PV5 SC at day 1, then for SC RXU after 3 days, and SC PSAU, LC PV5 and SCM after 1-week (p < 0.05). There was no increase in IL-6 expression after 1 day, while it increased depending on the group at 3 and 7 days. The highest ROS expression after 12 h was recorded for PSAU SC, PV5 SC and PV5 LC. Biofilm formation was as follows: RXU > > PSAU = PV5 > SCM, while light-curing systematically decreased biofilm formation (≈-33 %). Aging leveled out differences between UCs and between polymerization protocols. SIGNIFICANCE The choice of cement brand, rather than category, and polymerization protocol influence cell viability and microbiological behavior. Light-curing is beneficial for reducing the harmful pulpal effect that UCs may possess.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Uros Josic
- Department for Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Gabriella Teti
- Department for Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Andrei Ionescu
- Oral Microbiology and Biomaterials Laboratory, Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Tatjana Maravic
- Department for Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Claudia Mazzitelli
- Department for Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Stevan Cokic
- KU Leuven (University of Leuven), Department of Oral Health Sciences, BIOMAT & University Hospitals Leuven (UZ Leuven), Dentistry, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Bart Van Meerbeek
- KU Leuven (University of Leuven), Department of Oral Health Sciences, BIOMAT & University Hospitals Leuven (UZ Leuven), Dentistry, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mirella Falconi
- Department for Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Eugenio Brambilla
- Oral Microbiology and Biomaterials Laboratory, Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Annalisa Mazzoni
- Department for Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Breschi
- Department for Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Panio A, Ionescu AC, La Ferla B, Zoia L, Savadori P, Tartaglia GM, Brambilla E. Cellulose Nanocrystals Show Anti-Adherent and Anti-Biofilm Properties against Oral Microorganisms. Bioengineering (Basel) 2024; 11:355. [PMID: 38671777 PMCID: PMC11048519 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering11040355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) are cellulose-derived nanomaterials that can be easily obtained, e.g., from vegetable waste produced by circular economies. They show promising antimicrobial activity and an absence of side effects and toxicity. This study investigated the ability of CNCs to reduce microbial adherence and biofilm formation using in vitro microbiological models reproducing the oral environment. Microbial adherence by microbial strains of oral interest, Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans, was evaluated on the surfaces of salivary pellicle-coated enamel disks in the presence of different aqueous solutions of CNCs. The anti-biofilm activity of the same CNC solutions was tested against S. mutans and an oral microcosm model based on mixed plaque inoculum using a continuous-flow bioreactor. Results showed the excellent anti-adherent activity of the CNCs against the tested strains from the lowest concentration tested (0.032 wt. %, p < 0.001). Such activity was significantly higher against S. mutans than against C. albicans (p < 0.01), suggesting a selective anti-adherent activity against pathogenic strains. At the same time, there was a minimal, albeit significant, anti-biofilm activity (0.5 and 4 wt. % CNC solution for S. mutans and oral microcosm, respectively, p = 0.01). This makes CNCs particularly interesting as anticaries agents, encouraging their use in the oral field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Panio
- Oral Microbiology and Biomaterials Laboratory, Department of Biomedical, Surgical, and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Via Pascal, 36, 20133 Milan, Italy; (A.P.); (E.B.)
- Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20100 Milan, Italy; (P.S.); (G.M.T.)
| | - Andrei C. Ionescu
- Oral Microbiology and Biomaterials Laboratory, Department of Biomedical, Surgical, and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Via Pascal, 36, 20133 Milan, Italy; (A.P.); (E.B.)
- Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20100 Milan, Italy; (P.S.); (G.M.T.)
| | - Barbara La Ferla
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, Piazza dell’Ateneo Nuovo, 1, 20126 Milan, Italy; (B.L.F.); (L.Z.)
| | - Luca Zoia
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, Piazza dell’Ateneo Nuovo, 1, 20126 Milan, Italy; (B.L.F.); (L.Z.)
| | - Paolo Savadori
- Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20100 Milan, Italy; (P.S.); (G.M.T.)
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical, and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Via Della Commenda, 10/12, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Gianluca M. Tartaglia
- Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20100 Milan, Italy; (P.S.); (G.M.T.)
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical, and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Via Della Commenda, 10/12, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Eugenio Brambilla
- Oral Microbiology and Biomaterials Laboratory, Department of Biomedical, Surgical, and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Via Pascal, 36, 20133 Milan, Italy; (A.P.); (E.B.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Hamza B, Eliades T, Attin T, Schwendener S, Karygianni L. Initial bacterial adherence and biofilm formation on novel restorative materials used in paediatric dentistry. Dent Mater 2024; 40:573-579. [PMID: 38350744 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2024.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the initial bacterial adherence and biofilm formation on novel restorative materials in paediatric dentistry and compare the results to stainless steel crown and primary enamel. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty-five samples (Diameter = 4 mm) from five restorative materials (Tetric Power Fill light cured for 3 s or 10 s, Fuji II LC, Equia Forte HT Fil, Cention Forte, Stainless-steel crown) and primary enamel were prepared. Four samples served for recording of surface roughness (Ra) using a contact profilometer, 21 samples were incubated in stimulated human saliva for 2 h (initial bacterial adherence) and 72 h (biofilm formation) and served to determine ion releasing and bacterial growth. After 2 and 72 h, the number of colony-forming units (CFU) per ml was counted and expressed in Log10 CFU/ml. Data were analysed with two-way ANOVA and Tuckey's multiple comparisons test (p < 0.05). RESULTS All tested materials showed similar initial bacterial adherence (p > 0.1). Stainless steel crown showed statistically significantly less biofilm formation than all other tested materials (p ≤ 0.02), except for Fuji II LC (p = 0.06). In terms of biofilm formation, the differences between all tested materials were not statistically significant (p ≥ 0.9). SIGNIFICANCE Novel restorative materials in paediatric dentistry show similar initial bacterial adherence and biofilm formation. However, compared to other restorative materials, stainless steel crowns demonstrate the lowest level of biofilm formation. Ion-releasing materials may not necessarily show better antimicrobial properties than conventional materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Blend Hamza
- Clinic of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Theodore Eliades
- Clinic of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Attin
- Clinic of Conservative and Preventive Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sybille Schwendener
- Clinic of Conservative and Preventive Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Lamprini Karygianni
- Clinic of Conservative and Preventive Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Alharbi G, Al Nahedh HN, Al-Saud LM, Shono N, Maawadh A. Effect of different finishing and polishing systems on surface properties of universal single shade resin-based composites. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:197. [PMID: 38326838 PMCID: PMC10848531 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-03958-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recently, universal single-shade resin composites have become increasingly available in the dental market. The modification of their composition can have an inadvertent effect on their physical and surface properties, and subsequently determinantal effect on their clinical function and longevity. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of different finishing and polishing (F/P) systems on surface roughness (Ra), surface gloss (GU), and Vickers microhardness (VMH) of universal single-shade RBCs. MATERIALS AND METHODS Four commercial RBCs were used; the universal single-shade RBCs were Omnichroma, Charisma® Diamond ONE, and Vittra APS Unique, and a conventional nanocomposite Filtek™ Z250 XT was used as a control. The 3 F/P systems were Sof-Lex™ XT, Enhance®/PoGo®, and Diacomp® Plus Twist. A total of 160 discs were used for the 3 F/P system groups for all RBCs (n = 10). After F/P, the Ra, GU, and VMH were assessed. The data were analyzed using 2-way ANOVA at p-value < 0.05. RESULTS Significant differences were found among the four RBCs and the 3 F/P systems (p < .000). Omnichroma showed the lowest Ra and acceptable GU, but the lowest VMH. Charisma showed the highest Ra, acceptable GU, and VMH. Vittra showed acceptable Ra, GU, and VMH and Filtek showed the highest GU, VMH, and acceptable Ra. CONCLUSION Although conventional nanohybrid RBC (Filtek Z250 XT) showed better GU and VMH values, the universal single-shade RBCs demonstrated comparable surface properties. The highest GU & VMH and lowest Ra were achieved by Diacomp followed by Enhance and Soflex.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ghada Alharbi
- Department of Restorative Dental Science, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, P.O. Box 60169, Riyadh, 11545, Saudi Arabia.
- Department of Clinical Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Box 84428, Riyadh, PO, 11671, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Hend Na Al Nahedh
- Department of Restorative Dental Science, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, P.O. Box 60169, Riyadh, 11545, Saudi Arabia
| | - Loulwa M Al-Saud
- Department of Restorative Dental Science, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, P.O. Box 60169, Riyadh, 11545, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nourah Shono
- Department of Restorative Dental Science, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, P.O. Box 60169, Riyadh, 11545, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Maawadh
- Department of Restorative Dental Science, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, P.O. Box 60169, Riyadh, 11545, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Shou Y, Deng L, Huang X, Peng X, Zhou X, Wang Z, Huang Y, Yang B, Wang H, Zhang M, Cheng L. Effects of Bio-Aging on Mechanical Properties and Microbial Behavior of Different Resin Composites. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1125. [PMID: 37509161 PMCID: PMC10377581 DOI: 10.3390/biom13071125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Revised: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Under challenging oral environments, the overall performance of resin composites is affected by bio-aging. This study investigated the effects of saliva biofilm-induced bio-aging on the mechanical properties and microbial behavior of composites with different filler types. Microhybrid, nanohybrid, nano-filled and nano-filled flowable composites were bio-aged with saliva biofilm for 30 days. Surface morphology, roughness, mechanical and aesthetic properties were determined. A 48 h saliva biofilm model was used to evaluate the microbial behavior of different composites in vitro. Biofilm metabolic activity, lactic acid production and live/dead bacterial staining were tested. Six volunteers were selected to wear intra-oral appliances with composite slabs for 24 h and biofilms were collected and analyzed using 16S rRNA sequencing to assess the biofilm formation over those materials in situ. Although there were increasing trends, surface roughness, water resorption and material solubility had no significant changes for all groups after bio-aging (p > 0.05). There were no significant changes in elastic modulus for all groups after aging (p > 0.05). However, a decrease in flexural strength in all groups was observed (p < 0.05), except for the nanoflow composite group (p > 0.05). The Vickers hardness remained stable in all groups after aging (p > 0.05), except for the nano-filled group (p < 0.05). The nanoflow composite showed distinct color changes compared to the micro-hybrid group after aging (p < 0.05). Biofilm metabolic activity and lactic acid production in vitro increased slightly after bio-aging in all groups, but with no statistical significance (p > 0.05). The Shannon index diversity of biofilms in situ decreased after aging (p < 0.05), while no significant difference was shown in species composition at the genus level in all groups (p > 0.05). Resin composites with different sized fillers displayed a relatively stable mechanical performance and uncompromised microbial behavior both in vitro and in situ after 30 days of bio-aging. Based on the results, composites with different filler types can be selected flexibly according to clinical needs. However, a longer time for bio-aging is still needed to confirm the mechanical properties and microbial behaviors of composites in the long run.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuke Shou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Lanzhi Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xiaoyu Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xinyu Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xinxuan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yannan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Bina Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Haohao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Min Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Lei Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Alshamrani A, Alhotan A, Owais A, Ellakwa A. The Clinical Potential of 3D-Printed Crowns Reinforced with Zirconia and Glass Silica Microfillers. J Funct Biomater 2023; 14:jfb14050267. [PMID: 37233377 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14050267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of 3D-printed crown resin materials with improved mechanical and physical properties is an area of growing interest in dentistry. This study aimed to develop a 3D-printed crown resin material modified with zirconia glass (ZG) and glass silica (GS) microfillers to enhance overall mechanical and physical properties. A total of 125 specimens were created and divided into five groups: control unmodified resin, 5% either ZG or GS reinforced 3D-printed resin, and 10% either ZG or GS reinforced 3D-printed resin. The fracture resistance, surface roughness, and translucency parameter were measured, and fractured crowns were studied under a scanning electron microscope. The results showed that 3D-printed parts that were strengthened with ZG and GS microfillers demonstrated comparable mechanical performance to unmodified crown resin but resulted in greater surface roughness, and only the group that contained 5% ZG showed an increase in translucency. However, it should be noted that increased surface roughness may impact the aesthetics of the crowns, and further optimisation of microfillers concentrations may be necessary. These findings suggest that the newly developed dental-based resins that incorporate microfillers could be suitable for clinical applications, but further studies are necessary to optimise the nanoparticle concentrations and investigate their long-term clinical outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah Alshamrani
- Oral Rehabilitation & Dental Biomaterial and Bioengineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- Department of Dental Health, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh P.O. Box 12372, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz Alhotan
- Department of Dental Health, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh P.O. Box 12372, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Owais
- The X-ray Spectroscopy Node, Sydney Analytical, Core Research Facilities, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Ayman Ellakwa
- Oral Rehabilitation & Dental Biomaterial and Bioengineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Hu H, Burrow MF, Leung WK. Proteomic profile of in situ acquired pellicle on tooth and restorative material surfaces. J Dent 2023; 129:104389. [PMID: 36526084 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2022.104389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate and compare the proteomic profile of acquired pellicle on smooth bovine tooth and tooth-coloured restorative materials, including resin composite (RC), glass ionomer cement (GIC), and casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate modified GIC (CPP-ACP GIC). METHODS Two-hour in situ pellicles on tooth/materials specimens mounted in oral appliances worn by ten healthy adults were investigated. Pellicle proteins and corresponding unstimulated whole saliva were quantitatively analysed through liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. RESULTS Significantly higher amounts of protein were adsorbed onto tooth surface than restorative materials tested (4.11 ± 0.69 vs. 2.54 ± 0.38/2.98 ± 0.80/3.01 ± 0.37 µg, RC/GIC/CPP-ACP GIC). From the ten participants, 1,444 (487-1,086/person), 1,454 (645-1,051/person), 1,731 (454-1,475/person), or 1,597 (423-1,261/person) pellicle proteins were detected at least once on bovine tooth, RC, GIC, or CPP-ACP GIC, respectively, and with 1,072 (304-793/person) salivary proteins identified. Comparative quantification revealed minor differences between tooth and restorative materials pellicle profiles. High inter-individual variations in pellicle protein composition were demonstrated. Compared to the salivary protein profile, 214/57 proteins showed significantly increased/decreased abundance in pellicle formed on at least one substrate (fold change > 3.325/fold change < 0.301). Gene Ontology enrichment analysis showed some pellicle proteins detected with increased affinity to tooth/material surface were identified as being related to "calcium-dependent protein binding" or "cell-cell adhesion mediator activity". CONCLUSION Similar protein quantity and composition was observed in 2 h in situ pellicles formed on different smooth restorative material surfaces. The proteomic profile of pellicles appeared distinct from that of the corresponding unstimulated whole saliva. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Host backgrounds appeared more influential on the proteomic profile of the in situ acquired pellicle than the underlying substrate characteristics among systemically and orally healthy adults. Pellicle proteins preferentially adsorbed on tooth/materials were putatively associated with calcium ion homeostasis or host-microbiota interaction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongying Hu
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, 34 Hospital Road, Sai Ying Pun, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Michael Francis Burrow
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, 34 Hospital Road, Sai Ying Pun, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Wai Keung Leung
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, 34 Hospital Road, Sai Ying Pun, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Novel Dental Restorative Solutions for Natural Teeth and Implants. BIOENGINEERING (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 9:bioengineering9120772. [PMID: 36550979 PMCID: PMC9774112 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering9120772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The long-term survival of restorations in the oral cavity has always been one of the most significant challenges in modern dental practice [...].
Collapse
|
9
|
Hasan J, Bright R, Hayles A, Palms D, Zilm P, Barker D, Vasilev K. Preventing Peri-implantitis: The Quest for a Next Generation of Titanium Dental Implants. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2022; 8:4697-4737. [PMID: 36240391 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.2c00540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Titanium and its alloys are frequently the biomaterial of choice for dental implant applications. Although titanium dental implants have been utilized for decades, there are yet unresolved issues pertaining to implant failure. Dental implant failure can arise either through wear and fatigue of the implant itself or peri-implant disease and subsequent host inflammation. In the present report, we provide a comprehensive review of titanium and its alloys in the context of dental implant material, and how surface properties influence the rate of bacterial colonization and peri-implant disease. Details are provided on the various periodontal pathogens implicated in peri-implantitis, their adhesive behavior, and how this relationship is governed by the implant surface properties. Issues of osteointegration and immunomodulation are also discussed in relation to titanium dental implants. Some impediments in the commercial translation for a novel titanium-based dental implant from "bench to bedside" are discussed. Numerous in vitro studies on novel materials, processing techniques, and methodologies performed on dental implants have been highlighted. The present report review that comprehensively compares the in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies of titanium and its alloys for dental implants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jafar Hasan
- Academic Unit of STEM, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia
| | - Richard Bright
- Academic Unit of STEM, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia.,College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park 5042, South Australia, Australia
| | - Andrew Hayles
- Academic Unit of STEM, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia.,College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park 5042, South Australia, Australia
| | - Dennis Palms
- Academic Unit of STEM, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia.,College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park 5042, South Australia, Australia
| | - Peter Zilm
- Adelaide Dental School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, South Australia, Australia
| | - Dan Barker
- ANISOP Holdings, Pty. Ltd., 101 Collins St, Melbourne VIC, 3000 Australia
| | - Krasimir Vasilev
- Academic Unit of STEM, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia.,College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park 5042, South Australia, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Eslemez Topcu E, Şahin O, Köroğlu A, Cömert F, Yilmaz B. Surface roughness and Streptococcus mutans adhesion on surface sealant agent coupled interim crown materials after dynamic loading. BMC Oral Health 2022; 22:299. [PMID: 35854282 PMCID: PMC9295459 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-022-02323-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background With the application of surface sealant agents, smooth surfaces can be achieved in a shorter time when compared with conventional polishing. However, studies on the performance of these agents against chewing forces are not many. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the surface roughness and Streptococcus mutans adhesion on surface sealent coupled interim prosthetic materials after chewing simulation. Methods One hundred and twelve specimens were fabricated from two poly(methyl methacrylate) (Tab 2000, Dentalon Plus) and two bis-acryl (Tempofit, Protemp 4) interim crown materials and divided into 4 groups (n = 7) according to applied surface treatment: conventional polishing (control) and 3 surface sealant (Palaseal, Optiglaze, Biscover) coupling methods. The surface roughness values (Ra) were measured with a profilometer before (Ra0) and after aging through dynamic loading in a multifunctional chewing simulator for 10,000 cycles at 50 N load combined with integral thermocycling (between 5 and 55 °C) (Ra1). Specimens were incubated with Streptococcus mutans suspension and the total number of adherent bacteria was calculated by multiplying the counted bacterial colonies with the dilution coefficient.
Results Surface sealant agent application significantly decreased the surface roughness compared with conventionally polished specimens, except for Optiglaze or BisCover LV applied Protemp 4 and Palaseal or Biscover LV applied Tempofit. Surface roughness after dynamic loading showed a statistically significant increase in all groups, except for the control groups of Tab 2000 and Protemp 4. A positive correlation was found between surface roughness values of interim prosthodontic materials and the quantitiy of Streptococcus Mutans. Conclusions Even though surface sealant agent application significantly decreased the surface roughness compared with conventionally polished specimens, dynamic loading significantly increased the surface roughness of all surface sealant coupled materials. The Ra values of all test groups were higher than the plaque accumulation threshold (0.20 µm). Streptococcus mutans adhered more on rougher surfaces.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Onur Şahin
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Alanya Alaaddin Keykubat University, 07490, Antalya, Turkey.
| | - Ayşegül Köroğlu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Zonguldak Bülent Ecevit University, 67600, Zonguldak, Turkey
| | - Füsun Cömert
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Zonguldak Bülent Ecevit University, 67600, Zonguldak, Turkey
| | - Burak Yilmaz
- Department of Reconstructive Dentistry and Gerodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, 3012, Bern, Switzerland.,Department of Restorative, Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, 3012, Bern, Switzerland.,Division of Restorative and Prosthetic Dentistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Paolone G, Mazzitelli C, Josic U, Scotti N, Gherlone E, Cantatore G, Breschi L. Modeling Liquids and Resin-Based Dental Composite Materials—A Scoping Review. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15113759. [PMID: 35683057 PMCID: PMC9181045 DOI: 10.3390/ma15113759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Several lubricant materials can be used to model resin-based composites (RBCs) during restorative procedures. Clinically, instruments or brushes are wet with bonding agents (BAs) or modeling liquids (MLs) for sculpturing purposes. However, a knowledge gap exists on their effects on the mechanical properties of RBCs, requiring greater insight. Five databases were searched, including 295 in vitro studies on the use of lubricant materials for modeling RBCs during restorative procedures. Only articles in the English language were included, with no limits on the publication date. The last piece of research was dated 24 March 2022. In total, 16 studies were included in the review process, together with a paper retrieved after screening references. A total of 17 BAs and 7 MLs were investigated. Tensile (n = 5), flexural strength (n = 2), water sorption (n = 2), color stability (n = 8) and translucency (n = 3), micro-hardness (n = 4), roughness (n = 3), degree of conversion (n = 3), and monomer elution (n = 2) tests were carried out. In general, a maximum of 24 h of artificial storage was performed (n = 13), while four papers tested the specimens immediately. The present review identifies the possibilities and limitations of modeling lubricants used during restorative procedures on the mechanical, surface, and optical properties of RBCs. Clinicians should be aware that sculpturing RBCs with modeling resins might influence the composite surface properties in a way that is material-dependent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gaetano Paolone
- Dental School, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Vita-Salute University, 20132 Milan, Italy; (E.G.); (G.C.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Claudia Mazzitelli
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (DIBINEM), Alma Mater University of Bologna, Via S. Vitale 59, 40125 Bologna, Italy; (C.M.); (U.J.); (L.B.)
| | - Uros Josic
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (DIBINEM), Alma Mater University of Bologna, Via S. Vitale 59, 40125 Bologna, Italy; (C.M.); (U.J.); (L.B.)
| | - Nicola Scotti
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Dental School Lingotto, University of Turin, Via Nizza 230, 10126 Turin, Italy;
| | - Enrico Gherlone
- Dental School, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Vita-Salute University, 20132 Milan, Italy; (E.G.); (G.C.)
| | - Giuseppe Cantatore
- Dental School, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Vita-Salute University, 20132 Milan, Italy; (E.G.); (G.C.)
| | - Lorenzo Breschi
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (DIBINEM), Alma Mater University of Bologna, Via S. Vitale 59, 40125 Bologna, Italy; (C.M.); (U.J.); (L.B.)
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Özarslan M, Bilgili Can D, Avcioglu NH, Çalışkan S. Effect of different polishing techniques on surface properties and bacterial adhesion on resin-ceramic CAD/CAM materials. Clin Oral Investig 2022; 26:5289-5299. [PMID: 35474553 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-022-04497-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study is to evaluate the adhesion of Streptococcus mutans on the surface of CAD/CAM materials with various surface treatments. METHODS Vita Enamic, Lava Ultimate, and Cerasmart materials were used in this study. A total of 90 samples were prepared (n = 10). After various finishing and polishing procedures (non-polished, manual polished, and glazed), surface roughness (SR) measurements, surface free energy (SFE), and elemental and topographic analysis with FIB-SEM/EDX were used to evaluate the samples' surface properties. To improve bacterial adhesion, CAD/CAM materials were covered with sterile artificial saliva containing mucin for pellicle formation and incubated for 1 h at 37 °C. Bacteria were then inoculated into the pellicle-coated specimens, and incubation was performed at 37 °C for 24 h. Bacterial adhesion was determined as × 105 CFU/mL and monitored using FIB-SEM analysis. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to statistically analyze the normality of the distribution; the groups were then compared using one-way ANOVA and Tukey's test. RESULTS The SR of the control group was statistically higher in all materials (p < 0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in SR between all materials in the non-polished and manual polished groups (p > 0.05). The Vita Enamic control group exhibited the highest SFE value. The highest S. mutans adhesion was observed in non-polished (p < 0.05). Vita Enamic samples had higher CFU than other groups. CONCLUSIONS Non-polished surfaces showed higher SR and bacterial adhesion. Polishing processes affected the surface properties and bacterial adhesion. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Care must be taken in polishing restorations to minimize the risk of bacterial adhesion and recurrent caries. TRIAL REGISTRATION In this study, the materials used for dental treatments are in vitro evaluated. Due to that, this study is not registered to clinical trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Merve Özarslan
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Dilber Bilgili Can
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Van Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, 65080, Turkey.
| | - Nermin Hande Avcioglu
- Biology Department, Biotechnology Section, Faculty of Science, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Seçil Çalışkan
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Paolone G, Formiga S, De Palma F, Abbruzzese L, Chirico L, Scolavino S, Goracci C, Cantatore G, Vichi A. Color stability of resin-based composites: Staining procedures with liquids-A narrative review. J ESTHET RESTOR DENT 2022; 34:865-887. [PMID: 35396818 DOI: 10.1111/jerd.12912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Revised: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to review the experimental staining procedures performed in in-vitro studies for evaluating color stability of resin-based composites used for direct restorations. OVERVIEW A review was performed with the purpose to identify in vitro procedures carried out to establish staining and color stability of resin-based composites used for direct restorations. A literature search was performed on four online databases (PubMed, Scopus, Embase and Web of Science) for articles published from January 1st 2001 till March 20th 2021, using a combination of free words and Medical Subject Headings (MESH) terms: "Composite Resins" AND "Color Stability" OR "Staining." Two reviewers screened titles and/or abstracts of 1728 unique studies. In total, 208 studies were selected for full-text reading, from which 178 were included in the review. The assessed variables were specimen dimensions, shape, and surface finishing; time before immersion; staining media type, dwell time, temperature and renewal interval; type of composite; color and translucency assessment parameters and measuring system. One hundred and seventy-eight articles analyzed color stability with staining liquids. Coffee was the most used staining medium (n = 102), followed by tea (n = 61), and red wine (n = 55). A disc-shaped specimen was used in most studies (n = 170) with a 2 mm thickness (n = 116). Spectrophotometers were the most used color assessment devices (n = 154), followed by colorimeters (n = 17). Color differences were quantified with ΔE (n = 154), ΔE00 (n = 23). Acceptability and or perceptibility thresholds were also taken into consideration (n = 126). CONCLUSIONS The large variety of staining procedure suggests the need for standardization. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Aesthetic failure due to discoloration is a relevant clinical problem. Evaluating benefits and drawbacks of resin based composites artificial staining procedures will improve to predict materials clinical performances.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gaetano Paolone
- Dental School, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Vita-Salute University, Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Formiga
- Dental School, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Vita-Salute University, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca De Palma
- Dental School, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Vita-Salute University, Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Abbruzzese
- Dental School, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Vita-Salute University, Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Chirico
- Dental School, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Vita-Salute University, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Cecilia Goracci
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Cantatore
- Dental School, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Vita-Salute University, Milan, Italy
| | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Pietrzykowska E, Romelczyk-Baishya B, Chodara A, Koltsov I, Smogór H, Mizeracki J, Pakieła Z, Łojkowski W. Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Inverse Nanocomposite Made from Polylactide and Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles. MATERIALS 2021; 15:ma15010184. [PMID: 35009328 PMCID: PMC8745816 DOI: 10.3390/ma15010184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Polymer nanocomposites have been extensively researched for a variety of applications, including medical osteoregenerative implants. However, no satisfactory solution has yet been found for regeneration of big, and so-called critical, bone losses. The requirement is to create a resorbable material which is characterised by optimum porosity, sufficient strength, and elastic modulus matching that of the bone, thus stimulating tissue regrowth. Inverse nanocomposites, where the ceramic content is larger than the polymer content, are a recent development. Due to their high ceramic content, they may offer the required properties for bone implants, currently not met by polymer nanocomposites with a small number of nanoparticles. This paper presents inverse nanocomposites composed of bioresorbable nano crystalline hydroxyapatite (HAP NPs) and polylactide (PLLA), produced by cryomilling and a warm isostatic pressing method. The following compositions were studied: 25%, 50%, and 75% of HAP NPs by volume. The mechanical properties and structure of these composites were examined. It was discovered that 50% volume content was optimal as far as compressive strength and porosity are concerned. The inverse nanocomposite with 50% nanoceramics volume displayed a compressive strength of 99 ± 4 MPa, a contact angle of 50°, and 25% porosity, which make this material a candidate for further studies as a bioresorbable bone implant.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elżbieta Pietrzykowska
- Institute of High Pressure Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sokolowska 29/37, 01-142 Warsaw, Poland; (A.C.); (I.K.); (J.M.); (W.Ł.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-22-228-760
| | - Barbara Romelczyk-Baishya
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, Woloska 141, 02-507 Warsaw, Poland; (B.R.-B.); (Z.P.)
| | - Agnieszka Chodara
- Institute of High Pressure Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sokolowska 29/37, 01-142 Warsaw, Poland; (A.C.); (I.K.); (J.M.); (W.Ł.)
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, Woloska 141, 02-507 Warsaw, Poland; (B.R.-B.); (Z.P.)
| | - Iwona Koltsov
- Institute of High Pressure Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sokolowska 29/37, 01-142 Warsaw, Poland; (A.C.); (I.K.); (J.M.); (W.Ł.)
| | - Hilary Smogór
- NETZSCH Instrumenty, Halicka 9, 31-036 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Jan Mizeracki
- Institute of High Pressure Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sokolowska 29/37, 01-142 Warsaw, Poland; (A.C.); (I.K.); (J.M.); (W.Ł.)
| | - Zbigniew Pakieła
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, Woloska 141, 02-507 Warsaw, Poland; (B.R.-B.); (Z.P.)
| | - Witold Łojkowski
- Institute of High Pressure Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sokolowska 29/37, 01-142 Warsaw, Poland; (A.C.); (I.K.); (J.M.); (W.Ł.)
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Gad El-Rab SMF, Ashour AA, Basha S, Alyamani AA, Felemban NH, Enan ET. Well-Orientation Strategy Biosynthesis of Cefuroxime-Silver Nanoantibiotic for Reinforced Biodentine™ and Its Dental Application against Streptococcus mutans. Molecules 2021; 26:6832. [PMID: 34833924 PMCID: PMC8622780 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26226832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Dental caries results from the bacterial pathogen Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) and is the maximum critical reason for caries formation. Consequently, the present study aims to evaluate the antibacterial activity of a newly synthesized nanoantibiotic-Biodentine formulation. The silver nanoparticles (ROE-AgNPs) were biosynthesized from the usage of Rosmarinus officinalis L. extract (ROE) and conjugated with cefuroxime to form Cefuroxime-ROE-AgNPs. Using Biodentine™ (BIOD), five groups of dental materials were prepared, in which Group A included conventional BIOD, Group B included BIOD with ROE-AgNPs, Groups C and D included BIOD with Cefuroxime-ROE-AgNPs at concentrations of 0.5% and 1.5% cefuroxime, respectively, and Group E included BIOD with 1.5% cefuroxime. The synthesized ROE-AgNPs or Cefuroxime-ROE-AgNPs were characterized for conjugating efficiency, morphology, particle size, and in vitro release. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the cefuroxime, ROE-AgNPs, and Cefuroxime-ROE-AgNPs were additionally evaluated against cefuroxime resistant S. mutans, which furthered antibacterial efficacy of the five groups of dental materials. The UV-Visible spectrum showed the ROE-AgNPs or Cefuroxime-ROE-AgNPs peaks and their formation displayed through transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern, and Fourier transforms infrared (FTIR) analysis. The end result of Cefuroxime-ROE-AgNPs showed conjugating efficiency up to 79%. Cefuroxime-ROE-AgNPs displayed the highest antibacterial efficacy against S. mutans as compared to cefuroxime or ROE-AgNPs alone. Moreover, the MIC of ROE-AgNPs and Cefuroxime-ROE-AgNPs was detected against S. mutans to be 25 and 8.5 μg/mL, respectively. Consequently, Cefuroxime-ROE-AgNPs displayed that a decrease in the MIC reached to more than three-fold less than MIC of ROE-AgNPs on the tested strain. Moreover, Cefuroxime-ROE-AgNPs/BIOD was employed as a novel dental material that showed maximum antimicrobial activity. Groups C and D of novel materials showed inhibitory zones of 19 and 26 mm, respectively, against S. mutans and showed high antimicrobial rates of 85.78% and 91.17%, respectively. These data reinforce the utility of conjugating cefuroxime with ROE-AgNPs to retrieve its efficiency against resistant S. mutant. Moreover, the nanoantibiotic delivered an advantageous antibacterial effect to BIOD, and this may open the door for future conjugation therapy of dental materials against bacteria that cause dental caries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sanaa M. F. Gad El-Rab
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Taif University, Taif 21974, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut 71516, Egypt
| | - Amal A. Ashour
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, Oral Pathology Division, Faculty of Dentistry, Taif University, Taif 26571, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Sakeenabi Basha
- Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Taif University, Taif 26571, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Amal Ahmed Alyamani
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Taif University, Taif 21974, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Nayef H. Felemban
- Preventive Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Taif University, Taif 26571, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Enas Tawfik Enan
- Dental Biomaterials, Faculty of Dentistry, Taif University, Taif 26571, Saudi Arabia;
- Dental Biomaterials, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35511, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Influence of Curing Time on the Microbiological Behavior of Bulk-Fill Nanohybrid Resin Composites. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13172948. [PMID: 34502989 PMCID: PMC8434565 DOI: 10.3390/polym13172948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This in vitro study aimed to evaluate the influence of curing time on surface characteristics and microbiological behavior of three bulk-fill resin-based composites (RBCs). Materials were light-cured for either 10 s or 80 s, then finished using a standard clinical procedure. They were characterized by surface morphology (SEM), surface elemental composition (EDS), surface roughness (SR), and surface free energy (SFE). Microbiological behavior was assessed as S. mutans adherence (2 h) and biofilm formation (24 h) using a continuous-flow bioreactor. Statistical analysis included a two-way ANOVA and Tukey’s test (p < 0.05). Materials differed substantially as filler shape, dimension, elemental composition and resin matrix composition. Significant differences between materials were found for SR, SFE, and microbiological behavior. Such differences were less pronounced or disappeared after prolonged photocuring. The latter yielded significantly lower adherence and biofilm formation on all tested materials, similar to conventional RBCs. Improved photoinitiators and UDMA-based resin matrix composition may explain these results. No correlation between surface characteristics and microbiological behavior can explain the similar microbiological behavior of bulk-fill materials after prolonged photocuring. This different performance of bulk-fill materials compared with conventional RBCs, where surface characteristics, especially surface chemistry, influence microbiological behavior, may have important implications for secondary caries occurrence and restoration longevity.
Collapse
|
17
|
The "Pre-Finishing" Approach in Direct Anterior Restorations. A Case Series. Dent J (Basel) 2021; 9:dj9070079. [PMID: 34356195 PMCID: PMC8307093 DOI: 10.3390/dj9070079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In esthetic restorations of anterior teeth the clinician has to manage several aspects in order to have a predictable outcome. A deep knowledge of the anatomy as well as the adhesive procedures and the optical properties of resin-based composites are mandatory to achieve esthetic results. Contemporary restorative materials present either several shades and different translucency properties and therefore they are able to mimic teeth’s optical behavior thus providing a natural aspect to anterior restorations. The wrong thickness of different composite layers may provide unpleasant results such as low value (grayish) restorations that often requires reintervention. A precise step-by-step procedure is therefore mandatory to provide the proper shade at the correct place. There is therefore the need of some corrections and adjustments during the layer procedure in order to avoid errors in shade positioning that could affect final result. The authors present a case series (six clinical cases) treated with the proposed technique with up to five years follow-up.
Collapse
|
18
|
Association of Graphene Silver Polymethyl Methacrylate (PMMA) with Photodynamic Therapy for Inactivation of Halitosis Responsible Bacteria in Denture Wearers. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11071643. [PMID: 34201467 PMCID: PMC8305032 DOI: 10.3390/nano11071643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
(1) Background: Poor hygiene and denture presence in the oral cavity are factors that favor bacterial accumulation, the cause of halitosis and of various oral and general diseases. Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the possibility of inactivating bacteria associated with halitosis in acrylic denture wearers using polymethyl methacrylate resin enhanced with graphene silver nanoparticles and the effect of the resin association with extra oral photodynamic therapy. (2) Methods: Graphene silver nanoparticles in 1 and 2 wt% were added to a commercial acrylic resin powder. Three study groups containing samples from the three different materials were established. The first group was not exposed to the light treatment, and the other two were exposed to red light (laser and light emitting diode) after photosensitizer placement on the disk’s surface. Samples were incubated with Porphyromonas gingivalis and Enterococcus faecalis. (3) Results: For both bacterial strains, inhibition zones were obtained, showing significant differences for the light-treated samples. (4) Conclusions: Denture resins with antibacterial properties associated with extra oral photodynamic therapy exhibited enhanced antibacterial effects. The procedure could be used as a safer and more efficient alternative technique against halitosis and oral infections in denture wearers.
Collapse
|
19
|
Dietary Fluoride Intake by Children: When to Use a Fluoride Toothpaste? INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18115791. [PMID: 34071256 PMCID: PMC8198230 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18115791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Fluoride is recommended for its cariostatic effect, but excessive fluoride intake may have health risks. Increased prevalence of dental fluorosis in areas with low fluoride content in drinking water has been attributed to the inappropriate excessive intake of fluoride supplements (tablets and drops) and toothpaste ingestion. The aim of the present study was to estimate the fluoride intake and the risk of fluorosis in children (6 months-6 years) in the Castelli Romani area (province of Rome, Italy), which is volcanic, therefore with a higher concentration of fluorine. Measurements of the fluoride content in drinking water, mineral waters, vegetables and commercial toothpaste for children were performed. The fluoride concentrations of all samples were determined using a Fluoride Ion Selective Electrode (GLP 22, Crison, Esp). Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics. Differences between samples were determined by Student's t-test. The fluoride content in tap water samples collected from public sources averaged from 0.35 to 1.11 ppm. The Pavona area showed the highest content of fluoride with respect to the others (p ≤ 0.05). The fluoride content in mineral water samples averaged from 0.07 to 1.50 ppm. The fluoride content of some vegetables showed increased mean values when compared to control vegetables (p ≤ 0.05). Within the limitations of the present study, considerations should be made when prescribing fluoride toothpaste for infants (6 months-4 years) in the areas with high fluoride content, because involuntary ingestion is consistent.
Collapse
|
20
|
Direct Esthetic Composite Restorations in Anterior Teeth: Managing Symmetry Strategies. Symmetry (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/sym13050797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel procedure for symmetric and consistent layer thickness management in esthetic direct restoration of anterior teeth is presented. For the purpose of obtaining a satisfactory final outcome of an esthetic direct restoration, it is crucial to standardize either margin preparation design and dentin and enamel layer thickness. Leaving too much space for the final translucent layer may lead in fact to “low value—gray” restorations if not correctly managed. The most common tool used to check layer thickness is the sagittal silicone index, which is reliable but involves planning; therefore, it requires two stages appointments. In this clinical case, a novel procedure is used to prepare, to model and to check thickness of composite shades in a single appointment, thus providing a symmetric esthetic outcome. A healthy 21-year-old woman referred to our dental office for the esthetic rehabilitation of both maxillary central incisors. The correct composite bilateral and symmetric layer thickness management provided a predictable esthetic outcome of the restorations. The main objective of this case presentation is to describe a novel technique that is able to save chair-time and dental laboratory costs during direct restorations in anterior teeth.
Collapse
|
21
|
Muduroglu R, Ionescu AC, Del Fabbro M, Scolavino S, Brambilla E. Distribution of adhesive layer in class II composite resin restorations before/after interproximal matrix application. J Dent 2020; 103:103494. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2020.103494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
|
22
|
Sterzenbach T, Helbig R, Hannig C, Hannig M. Bioadhesion in the oral cavity and approaches for biofilm management by surface modifications. Clin Oral Investig 2020; 24:4237-4260. [PMID: 33111157 PMCID: PMC7666681 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-020-03646-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND All soft and solid surface structures in the oral cavity are covered by the acquired pellicle followed by bacterial colonization. This applies for natural structures as well as for restorative or prosthetic materials; the adherent bacterial biofilm is associated among others with the development of caries, periodontal diseases, peri-implantitis, or denture-associated stomatitis. Accordingly, there is a considerable demand for novel materials and coatings that limit and modulate bacterial attachment and/or propagation of microorganisms. OBJECTIVES AND FINDINGS The present paper depicts the current knowledge on the impact of different physicochemical surface characteristics on bioadsorption in the oral cavity. Furthermore, it was carved out which strategies were developed in dental research and general surface science to inhibit bacterial colonization and to delay biofilm formation by low-fouling or "easy-to-clean" surfaces. These include the modulation of physicochemical properties such as periodic topographies, roughness, surface free energy, or hardness. In recent years, a large emphasis was laid on micro- and nanostructured surfaces and on liquid repellent superhydrophic as well as superhydrophilic interfaces. Materials incorporating mobile or bound nanoparticles promoting bacteriostatic or bacteriotoxic properties were also used. Recently, chemically textured interfaces gained increasing interest and could represent promising solutions for innovative antibioadhesion interfaces. Due to the unique conditions in the oral cavity, mainly in vivo or in situ studies were considered in the review. CONCLUSION Despite many promising approaches for modulation of biofilm formation in the oral cavity, the ubiquitous phenomenon of bioadsorption and adhesion pellicle formation in the challenging oral milieu masks surface properties and therewith hampers low-fouling strategies. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Improved dental materials and surface coatings with easy-to-clean properties have the potential to improve oral health, but extensive and systematic research is required in this field to develop biocompatible and effective substances.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Torsten Sterzenbach
- Clinic of Operative and Pediatric Dentistry, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany.
| | - Ralf Helbig
- Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Straße 6, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Christian Hannig
- Clinic of Operative and Pediatric Dentistry, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Matthias Hannig
- Clinic of Operative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, University Hospital, Saarland University, Building 73, 66421, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Tu Y, Wang Y, Su L, Shao B, Duan Z, Deng S. In vivo Microbial Diversity Analysis on Different Surfaces of Dental Restorative Materials via 16S rDNA Sequencing. Med Sci Monit 2020; 26:e923509. [PMID: 32627765 PMCID: PMC7362708 DOI: 10.12659/msm.923509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study aimed to provide precise material selection guidance for proper clinical restoration and treatment of plaque-related oral diseases, such as dental caries and periodontal diseases. Material/Methods Four groups (n=24) of restorative material sheets (n=24) were prepared using 3M Z350 composite resin (ZR), zinc phosphate cement (ZPC), glass-ionomer (GI), and ICON permeable resin (IPR). Six volunteers wore a plaque-collection device equipped with the 4 restorative material sheets for 48 hours. Plaque samples were collected, and Miseq sequencing was applied to obtain template DNA fragments for microbial diversity analysis. The data were analyzed with nonparametric tests. Results The microbial diversity on the ZPC surface was significantly lower than that on GI and IPR surfaces. The abundance of Firmicutes and Streptococcus on the ZPC surface was significantly higher than on the surfaces of GI and IPR. In contrast, the abundance of Porphyromonas on the surface of ZPC was significantly lower than that on GI and IPR surfaces. (P<0.05). Conclusions The results of the present study might serve as a basis for material selection under different oral microbial conditions to provide more accurate treatments and restorative procedures in the oral cavity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Tu
- Department of Endodontics, The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (mainland).,Department of Endodontics, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Stomatology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (mainland)
| | - Yuan Wang
- Department of Endodontics, The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (mainland).,Department of Endodontics, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Stomatology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (mainland)
| | - Lingkai Su
- Department of Endodontics, The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (mainland).,Department of Endodontics, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Stomatology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (mainland)
| | - Beibei Shao
- Department of Stomatology, Luoyang Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Luoyang, Henan, China (mainland)
| | - Zhuhui Duan
- Department of Endodontics, The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (mainland).,Department of Endodontics, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Stomatology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (mainland).,Department of Stomatology, Luoyang Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Luoyang, Henan, China (mainland)
| | - Shuli Deng
- Department of Endodontics, The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (mainland).,Department of Endodontics, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Stomatology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (mainland)
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Resin composite blocks for dental CAD/CAM applications reduce biofilm formation in vitro. Dent Mater 2020; 36:603-616. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2020.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
25
|
Bilgili D, Dündar A, Barutçugil Ç, Tayfun D, Özyurt ÖK. Surface properties and bacterial adhesion of bulk-fill composite resins. J Dent 2020; 95:103317. [PMID: 32165185 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2020.103317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of the present study was to evaluate the Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus mitis adhesion and related surface properties of bulk-fill resin composite. METHODS Four novel bulk-fill composite with different composition were used; Sonic Fill-2 (KSF), Filtek BulkFill (FBF), Admira Fusion X-tra (AFX), Beautifil Bulk Restorative (SBB) and a control group (glass) were included in the study. After standardized surface polishing procedure, surface properties of composite specimens were evaluated using surface roughness (SR) measurements by a profilometer, hydrophobicity and surface free energy (SFE) analyses, elemental and topographic analyses by SEM-EDS. To evaluate the bacterial adhesion, composite specimens were immersed in artificial saliva and mucin for pellicle development. After 1-h immersion, bacterial suspension was added to the pellicle-coated specimens, which were incubated at 37 °C in 5% CO2 atmosphere for 24 h. Adhered bacteria counts were determined as x108 Cfu/ml. Bacterial adhesion was also investigated using confocal laser scanning microscopy. RESULTS No statistically significant differences were found among bulk fill composites in terms of surface roughness while glass showed the lowest Ra values. The lowest contact angle values were found in the control group and Sonic Fill-2 while the highest SFE values were observed in these materials. No statistically significant differences were found between the S. mutans counts. For S. Mitis adhesion, the highest value was found in Sonic Fill-2 and no significant differences were observed between the other groups. CONCLUSIONS SR of bulk-fill composite resins had no effect on bacterial adhesion. However, bacterial adhesion increased with higher SFE values. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Although the surface roughness of composites used in the study is similar, in clinically, S. mitis adhesion may be more in the KSF group because of high surface free energy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ayşe Dündar
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Çağatay Barutçugil
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey.
| | | | - Özlem Koyuncu Özyurt
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
BRITO ACM, BEZERRA IM, BORGES MHDS, SILVA RDOD, GOMES FILHO FN, ALMEIDA LDFDD. Adesão de biofilmes monoespécie de Streptococcus mutans e Candida albicans em diferentes superfícies de resinas compostas convencionais e bulk fill. REVISTA DE ODONTOLOGIA DA UNESP 2020. [DOI: 10.1590/1807-2577.01520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Resumo Introdução As resinas compostas são alternativas restauradoras, porém sua superfície pode favorecer o acúmulo de biofilme. Objetivo Analisar in vitro a adesão de biofilmes de Streptococcus mutans (UA159) e Candida albicans (ATCC 90028) em superfícies de resinas compostas convencionais e bulk fill. Material e método Foram utilizadas quatro marcas de resinas compostas e bulk fill: Aura Bulk Fill - SDI®; Premisa - Kerr®; Opallis- FGM®, e Filtek bulk fill flow - 3M®. Utilizou-se saliva artificial para formação da película salivar, por 60 min a 37 °C. O inóculo foi padronizado em 1×108 UFC/mL para S. mutans e 1×106 UFC/mL para C. albicans. Os espécimes (n=8/grupo) foram acondicionados em placas de 24 poços, com BHI suplementado com sacarose para as bactérias, e RPMI 1640, para os fungos. A formação do biofilme foi avaliada considerando as unidades formadoras de colônia (UFC/mL).Os dados foram analisados por ANOVA e Tukey (p<0,05). Resultado Para os biofilmes de S. mutans, não houve diferença significativa na contagem de UFC/mL entre os diferentes tipos de resina (p=0,119). Na contagem de UFC/mL para biofilme de Candida, as médias variaram entre 7,78 e 8,34. Houve diferença significativa entre as marcas, especialmente entre as resinas convencionais e bulk fill. Conclusão O presente estudo demonstra que não há diferença na adesão para biofilmes de S. mutans. Porém, há diferença na adesão da C. albicans na superfície de diferentes resinas compostas.
Collapse
|