1
|
Ding Z, Cui J, Zhang Q, Feng J, Du B, Xue G, Yan C, Gan L, Fan Z, Feng Y, Zhao H, Xu Z, Yu Z, Fu T, Zhang R, Cui X, Tian Z, Chen J, Chen Y, Li Z, Zhong X, Lin Y, Yuan J. Detecting and quantifying Veillonella by real-time quantitative PCR and droplet digital PCR. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 108:45. [PMID: 38175238 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12861-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Veillonella spp. are Gram-negative opportunistic pathogens present in the respiratory, digestive, and reproductive tracts of mammals. An abnormal increase in Veillonella relative abundance in the body is closely associated with periodontitis, inflammatory bowel disease, urinary tract infections, and many other diseases. We designed a pair of primers and a probe based on the 16S rRNA gene sequences of Veillonella and conducted real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) and droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) to quantify the abundance of Veillonella in fecal samples. These two methods were tested for specificity and sensitivity using simulated clinical samples. The sensitivity of qPCR was 100 copies/μL, allowing for the accurate detection of a wide range of Veillonella concentrations from 103 to 108 CFU/mL. The sensitivity of ddPCR was 11.3 copies/μL, only allowing for the accurate detection of Veillonella concentrations from 101 to 104 CFU/mL because of the limited number of droplets generated by ddPCR. ddPCR is therefore more suitable for the detection of low-abundance Veillonella samples. To characterize the validity of the assay system, clinical samples from children with inflammatory bowel disease were collected and analyzed, and the results were verified using isolation methods. We conclude that molecular assays targeting the 16S rRNA gene provides an important tool for the rapid diagnosis of chronic and infectious diseases caused by Veillonella and also supports the isolation and identification of Veillonella for research purposes. KEY POINTS: • With suitable primer sets, the qPCR has a wider detection range than ddPCR. • ddPCR is suitable for the detection of low-abundance samples. • Methods successfully guided the isolation of Veillonella in clinical sample.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zanbo Ding
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- Department of Bacteriology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Jinghua Cui
- Department of Bacteriology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Qun Zhang
- Department of Bacteriology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Junxia Feng
- Department of Bacteriology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Bing Du
- Department of Bacteriology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Guanhua Xue
- Department of Bacteriology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Chao Yan
- Department of Bacteriology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Gan
- Department of Bacteriology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Zheng Fan
- Department of Bacteriology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Yanling Feng
- Department of Bacteriology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Hanqing Zhao
- Department of Bacteriology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Ziying Xu
- Department of Bacteriology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Zihui Yu
- Department of Bacteriology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Tongtong Fu
- Department of Bacteriology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of Bacteriology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaohu Cui
- Department of Bacteriology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Ziyan Tian
- Department of Bacteriology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Jinfeng Chen
- Department of Bacteriology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Yujie Chen
- Department of Bacteriology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Zhoufei Li
- Department of Bacteriology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Xuemei Zhong
- Gastroenterology Department, Children's Hospital of Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China.
| | - Yanbing Lin
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.
| | - Jing Yuan
- Department of Bacteriology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zheng J, Wang X, Zhang T, Jiang J, Wu J. Comparative characterization of supragingival plaque microbiomes in malocclusion adult female patients undergoing orthodontic treatment with removable aligners or fixed appliances: a descriptive cross-sectional study. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 14:1350181. [PMID: 38803569 PMCID: PMC11129559 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1350181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study aimed to explore the effects of removable aligners and fixed appliances on the supragingival bacterial communities in adult female patients undergoing orthodontic treatment. Methods Supragingival plaque samples from 48 female individuals underwent microbiome analysis (16S rRNA gene sequencing) using PacBio Sequel sequencing. The study included 13 adults without orthodontic treatment needs as the control group (Group C), and 35 patients with comparable initial orthodontic conditions who received treatment at a university clinic in Beijing, China. The treatment involved either traditional fixed brackets (Group B, n = 17) or Invisalign® aligners (Group AT, n = 18). Bioinformatics methods were used for data analysis. Results From the 48 plaque samples, a total of 334,961 valid reads were obtained, averaging 6,978 sequences per sample. The 16S rDNA sequences were classified into 25,727 amplicon sequence variants (ASVs). Significant variances in alpha and beta diversity among the groups were noted. Group B microbiome exhibited an increased presence of Gram-negative bacteria. At the phylum level, Actinobacteriota was significantly more prevalent in Group C samples, while Bacteroidota was enriched in Group B samples. Family-level relative abundance analysis showed a notable increase in Saccharibacteria (formerly TM7) and Prevotellaceae in Group B. Genus-level analysis revealed a significant rise in Lautropia in Group AT. Fixed orthodontic appliances were linked to oral microbiome changes, notably an enhanced relative abundance of anaerobes, including periodontal pathogens. Conclusion The observation points to the impact of orthodontic appliance on the oral microbial community, highlighting the difference between traditional braces (Group B) and clear aligners (Group AT)in terms of the predominance of anaerobic and gram negative bacteria. This emphasizes the importance of considering the microbiological effects when choosing orthodontic appliance and underscores the need for tailored oral hygiene practices for individuals undergoing these treatments. This research might provide insights that could assist in the development of innovative cleaning techniques and antibacterial materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiajia Zheng
- First Clinical Division, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing, China
| | - Xiujing Wang
- First Clinical Division, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing, China
| | - Jiuhui Jiang
- Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing, China
| | - Jiaqi Wu
- First Clinical Division, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Alhulaefi SS, Watson AW, Ramsay SE, Jakubovics NS, Matu J, Griffiths A, Kimble R, Siervo M, Brandt K, Shannon OM. Effects of dietary nitrate supplementation on oral health and associated markers of systemic health: a systematic review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2024:1-16. [PMID: 38733290 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2024.2351168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
Poor oral health can impact an individual's ability to eat and has been associated with an increased risk of non-communicable diseases. While the benefits of nitrate consumption on oral health were first proposed more than 20 years ago, no systematic review has been published examining effects of dietary nitrate on oral health. This systematic review investigated the effects of dietary nitrate on markers of oral health in vivo in randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Five databases (PubMed, The Cochrane Library, CINAHL, MEDLINE, and SPORTDiscus) were searched from inception until March 2023. Nine articles reporting data on 284 participants were included. Dietary nitrate was provided via beetroot juice in most studies. The duration of the interventions ranged from one day to six weeks. Dietary nitrate supplementation increased the relative abundance of several individual bacterial genera including Neisseria and Rothia. Dietary nitrate supplementation increased salivary pH and decreased salivary acidification following consumption of a sugar-sweetened beverage. Furthermore, dietary nitrate supplementation resulted in a decrease in the gingival inflammation index. The results of this systematic review suggest that dietary nitrate could represent a potential nutritional strategy to positively modify oral health by impacting the oral microbiome, altering salivary pH, and minimizing gingival inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shatha S Alhulaefi
- Human Nutrition & Exercise Research Centre, Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Department of Nutrition, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anthony W Watson
- Human Nutrition & Exercise Research Centre, Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Sheena E Ramsay
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Nick S Jakubovics
- School of Dental Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Jamie Matu
- School of Health, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, UK
| | | | - Rachel Kimble
- Division of Sport, Exercise and Health, Health and Life Sciences, University of the West of Scotland, Glasgow, UK
| | - Mario Siervo
- School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Kirsten Brandt
- Human Nutrition & Exercise Research Centre, Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Oliver M Shannon
- Human Nutrition & Exercise Research Centre, Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Tang Y, Nie H, Zhang Y, Wei Y, Huang Y, Zhuang Y, Yang W, Zhu Y. Effects of Sjogren's syndrome and high sugar diet on oral microbiome in patients with rampant caries: a clinical study. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:361. [PMID: 38515087 PMCID: PMC10956276 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04150-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to assess the composition of the oral microbial flora of adults with rampant caries in China to provide guidance for treatment. PATIENTS AND METHODS Sixty human salivary and supragingival plaque samples were collected. They were characterized into four groups: patients with rampant caries with Sjogren's syndrome (RC-SS) or high-sugar diet (RC-HD), common dental caries (DC), and healthy individuals (HP). The 16S rRNA V3-V4 region of the bacterial DNA was detected by Illumina sequencing. PCoA based on OTU with Bray-Curtis algorithm, the abundance of each level, LEfSe analysis, network analysis, and PICRUSt analysis were carried out between the four groups and two sample types. Clinical and demographic data were compared using analysis of variance (ANOVA) or the nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis rank-sum test, depending on the normality of the data, using GraphPad Prism 8 (P < 0.05). RESULTS OTU principal component analysis revealed a significant difference between healthy individuals and those with RC-SS. In the saliva of patients with rampant caries, the relative abundance of Firmicutes increased significantly at the phylum level. Further, Streptocpccus, Veillonella, Prevotella, and Dialister increased, while Neisseria and Haemophilus decreased at the genus level. Veillonella increased in the plaque samples of patients with rampant caries. CONCLUSION Both salivary and dental plaque composition were significantly different between healthy individuals and patients with rampant caries. This study provides a microbiological basis for exploring the etiology of rampant caries. CLINICAL RELEVANCE This study provides basic information on the flora of the oral cavity in adults with rampant caries in China. These findings could serve as a reference for the treatment of this disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yifei Tang
- Department of Endodontic, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Research Institute of Stomatology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hua Nie
- Department of Endodontic, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Research Institute of Stomatology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Endodontic, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Research Institute of Stomatology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuan Wei
- Department of Endodontic, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Research Institute of Stomatology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yequan Huang
- Department of Endodontic, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Research Institute of Stomatology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuan Zhuang
- Department of Endodontic, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Research Institute of Stomatology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Weidong Yang
- Department of Endodontic, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Research Institute of Stomatology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Yanan Zhu
- Department of Endodontic, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Research Institute of Stomatology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Tian J, Zhao B, Wang J, Du W, Ma W, Xia B, Xu H, Chen T, He X, Qin M. The short-term impact of comprehensive caries treatment on the supragingival microbiome of severe early childhood caries. Int J Paediatr Dent 2024. [PMID: 38173170 DOI: 10.1111/ipd.13151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Children affected by severe early childhood caries (S-ECC) usually need comprehensive caries treatment due to the extensive of caries. How the oral microbiome changes after caries therapy within the short-term warrant further study. AIM This study aimed to investigate the short-term impact of comprehensive caries treatment on the supragingival plaque microbiome of S-ECC children. DESIGN Thirty-three children aged 2-4 years with severe caries (dt > 7) were recruited. Comprehensive caries treatment was performed under general anesthesia in one session and included restoration, pulp treatment, extraction, and fluoride application. Supragingival plaque was sampled pre- and 1-month posttreatment. The genomic DNA of the supragingival plaque was extracted, and bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing was performed. RESULTS Our data showed that the microbial community evenness significantly decreased posttreatment. Furthermore, comprehensive caries treatment led to more diverse microbial structures among the subjects. The interbacterial interactions reflected by the microbial community's co-occurrence network tended to be less complex posttreatment. Caries treatment increased the relative abundance of Corynebacterium matruchotii, Corynebacterium durum, Actinomyces naeslundii, and Saccharibacteria HMT-347, as well as Aggregatibacter HMT-458 and Haemophilus influenzae. Meanwhile, the relative abundance of Streptococcus mutans, three species from Leptotrichia, Neisseria bacilliformis, and Provotella pallens significantly decreased posttreatment. CONCLUSION Our results suggested that comprehensive caries treatment may contribute to the reconstruction of a healthier supragingival microbiome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Tian
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Bingqian Zhao
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Jingyan Wang
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Wenbin Du
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wenli Ma
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Xia
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - He Xu
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Tsute Chen
- Department of Microbiology, The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Xuesong He
- Department of Microbiology, The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Man Qin
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Bhaumik D, Salzman E, Davis E, Blostein F, Li G, Neiswanger K, Weyant R, Crout R, McNeil D, Marazita M, Foxman B. Plaque Microbiome in Caries-Active and Caries-Free Teeth by Dentition. JDR Clin Trans Res 2024; 9:61-71. [PMID: 36154330 PMCID: PMC10725180 DOI: 10.1177/23800844221121260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Describe associations between dental caries and dental plaque microbiome, by dentition and family membership. METHODS This cross-sectional analysis included 584 participants in the Center for Oral Health Research in Appalachia Cohort 1 (COHRA1). We sequenced the 16S ribosomal RNA gene (V4 region) of frozen supragingival plaque, collected 10 y prior, from 185 caries-active (enamel and dentinal) and 565 caries-free (no lesions) teeth using the Illumina MiSeq platform. Sequences were filtered using the R DADA2 package and assigned taxonomy using the Human Oral Microbiome Database. RESULTS Microbiomes of caries-active and caries-free teeth were most similar in primary dentition and least similar in permanent dentition, but caries-active teeth were significantly less diverse than caries-free teeth in all dentition types. Streptococcus mutans had greater relative abundance in caries-active than caries-free teeth in all dentition types (P < 0.01), as did Veillonella dispar in primary and mixed dentition (P < 0.01). Fusobacterium sp. HMT 203 had significantly higher relative abundance in caries-free than caries-active teeth in all dentition types (P < 0.01). In a linear mixed model adjusted for confounders, the relative abundance of S. mutans was significantly greater in plaque from caries-active than caries-free teeth (P < 0.001), and the relative abundance of Fusobacterium sp. HMT 203 was significantly lower in plaque from caries-active than caries-free teeth (P < 0.001). Adding an effect for family improved model fit for Fusobacterium sp. HMT 203 but notS. mutans. CONCLUSIONS The diversity of supragingival plaque composition from caries-active and caries-free teeth changed with dentition, but S. mutans was positively and Fusobacterium sp. HMT 203 was negatively associated with caries regardless of dentition. There was a strong effect of family on the associations of Fusobacterium sp. HMT 203 with the caries-free state, but this was not true for S. mutans and the caries-active state. KNOWLEDGE TRANSFER STATEMENT Patients' and dentists' concerns about transmission of bacteria within families causing caries should be tempered by the evidence that some shared bacteria may contribute to good oral health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D. Bhaumik
- Center of Molecular and Clinical Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases, Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - E. Salzman
- Center of Molecular and Clinical Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases, Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - E. Davis
- Center of Molecular and Clinical Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases, Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - F. Blostein
- Center of Molecular and Clinical Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases, Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - G. Li
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - K. Neiswanger
- Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - R.J. Weyant
- Dental Public Health, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - R. Crout
- Department of Periodontics, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - D.W. McNeil
- Departments of Psychology and Dental Practice & Rural Health, and Center for Oral Health Research in Appalachia, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - M.L. Marazita
- Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences; Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health; Clinical and Translational Science, School of Medicine University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - B. Foxman
- Center of Molecular and Clinical Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases, Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zhou S, He TC, Zhang Y, Zhang H. Comparison of the main pathogenic microorganisms of various common oral diseases in children and adults. PEDIATRIC DISCOVERY 2023; 1:e35. [PMID: 38371743 PMCID: PMC10874635 DOI: 10.1002/pdi3.35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
The microorganisms in the human body gradually change and maintain a dynamic balance with the development of physiology and pathology. Oral microbiota is one of the most important microbiota in human body. It is not only closely related to the occurrence and development of oral diseases, but also plays an important role in the overall health. In childhood, the population of oral microorganisms is relatively small, but with the growth of age and tooth development, the species and quantity of oral microorganisms are gradually increasing. Different oral diseases also have their corresponding main microorganisms, and these dominant microorganisms change at different stages of the disease. In this review, we summarized and compared the main pathogenic microorganisms of several common oral diseases in children and adults. In addition, the possible association and difference between adults and children of the main pathogenic microorganisms in different stages of the same or different diseases are also discussed in order to provide research data for the development and diagnosis of common oral diseases in children and adults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siqi Zhou
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, The Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, The Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Tong-Chuan He
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Yuxin Zhang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, The Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, The Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hongmei Zhang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, The Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, The Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Cortez TV, Godoy EP, Paschoini VL, Corona SAM, Borsatto MC, Souza-Gabriel AE. Clinical performance of sealants under different humidity control conditions: a split-mouth 1-year randomized trial. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent 2023; 24:769-777. [PMID: 37749313 DOI: 10.1007/s40368-023-00843-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Sealants are an effective method of prevention and treatment for early caries lesions. This study analyzed the 1-year clinical performance of resin-based and ionomeric sealants applied to permanent teeth under different humidity conditions. METHODS The investigation was a triple-blind randomized clinical trial (RCT) with a four arms split-mouth design, divided according to the sealant protocol: (1) Resin-based sealant applied with rubber dam isolation, (2) Resin-based sealant applied with cotton rolls isolation, (3) Ionomeric sealant applied with rubber dam isolation and (4) Ionomeric sealant applied with cotton rolls isolation. Fifty-eight patients started the study (232 teeth), and 47 (188 teeth) remained until the 1-year recall. The modified USPHS criteria were used in the analyzes to investigate surface texture, retention and the presence of secondary caries lesions around the sealants; in the following periods: baseline, after 3, 6, 9, and 12 months by two calibrated examiners. Data were analyzed by the Mann-Whitney and Friedman tests. RESULTS There was no difference between the types of sealants (p > 0.05). The type of humidity control influenced the superficial texture (p = 0.0012) and the retention of sealants (p = 0.0023). The sealant displacement was greater under cotton rolls isolation. Only one active caries lesion in enamel was found in the 9th month. CONCLUSION It may be concluded that sealants effectively prevented caries, even when they were partially or totally lost, regardless of the material. The rubber dam isolation with a rubber dam promoted lower surface roughness and improved the retention rates. International Clinical Trials Registry Platform: #1111-1215-2832 (07/26/2018).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T V Cortez
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo - Café Av,, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14040-904, Brazil
| | - E P Godoy
- Department of Basic and Oral Biology, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo - Café Av, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14040-904, Brazil
| | - V L Paschoini
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo - Café Av,, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14040-904, Brazil.
| | - S A M Corona
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo - Café Av,, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14040-904, Brazil
| | - M C Borsatto
- School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, University de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - A E Souza-Gabriel
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo - Café Av,, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14040-904, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Lundtorp Olsen C, Massarenti L, Vendius VFD, Gürsoy UK, Van Splunter A, Bikker FJ, Gürsoy M, Damgaard C, Markvart M, Belstrøm D. Probiotics Partly Suppress the Impact of Sugar Stress on the Oral Microbiota-A Randomized, Double-Blinded, Placebo-Controlled Trial. Nutrients 2023; 15:4810. [PMID: 38004205 PMCID: PMC10675525 DOI: 10.3390/nu15224810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim was to test if probiotics counteract oral dysbiosis during 14 days of sugar stress and subsequently help restore oral homeostasis. Eighty healthy individuals received either probiotics (n = 40) or placebo lozenges (n = 40) for 28 days and rinsed with a 10% sucrose solution 6-8 times during the initial 14 days of the trial. Saliva and supragingival samples were collected at baseline, day 14, and day 28. Saliva samples were analyzed for levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, albumin, and salivary enzyme activity. The supragingival microbiota was characterized according to the Human Oral Microbiome Database. After 14 days of sugar stress, the relative abundance of Porphyromonas species was significantly higher (p = 0.03) and remained significantly elevated at day 28 in the probiotic group compared to the placebo group (p = 0.004). At day 28, the relative abundance of Kingella species was significantly higher in the probiotic group (p = 0.03). Streptococcus gordinii and Neisseria elongata were associated with the probiotic group on day 28, while Streptococcus sobrinus was associated with the placebo group on day 14 and day 28. On day 28, the salivary albumin level was significantly lower in the probiotic group. The present study demonstrates a potential stabilizing effect on the supragingival microbiota mediated by consumption of probiotics during short-term sugar stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christine Lundtorp Olsen
- Section for Clinical Oral Microbiology, Department of Odontology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; (V.F.D.V.); (M.M.); (D.B.)
- ADM Denmark A/S, 3390 Hundested, Denmark
| | - Laura Massarenti
- Section for Oral Biology and Immunopathology, Department of Odontology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; (L.M.); (C.D.)
| | - Vincent Frederik Dahl Vendius
- Section for Clinical Oral Microbiology, Department of Odontology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; (V.F.D.V.); (M.M.); (D.B.)
| | - Ulvi Kahraman Gürsoy
- Department of Periodontology, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland; (U.K.G.); (M.G.)
| | - Annina Van Splunter
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Academic Center for Dentistry Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam and VU University Amsterdam, 1081 LA Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (A.V.S.); (F.J.B.)
| | - Floris J. Bikker
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Academic Center for Dentistry Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam and VU University Amsterdam, 1081 LA Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (A.V.S.); (F.J.B.)
| | - Mervi Gürsoy
- Department of Periodontology, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland; (U.K.G.); (M.G.)
| | - Christian Damgaard
- Section for Oral Biology and Immunopathology, Department of Odontology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; (L.M.); (C.D.)
| | - Merete Markvart
- Section for Clinical Oral Microbiology, Department of Odontology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; (V.F.D.V.); (M.M.); (D.B.)
| | - Daniel Belstrøm
- Section for Clinical Oral Microbiology, Department of Odontology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; (V.F.D.V.); (M.M.); (D.B.)
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Gilbert Klaczko C, Alkhars N, Zeng Y, Klaczko M, Gill A, Kopycka-Kedzierawski D, Jusko T, Sohn M, Xiao J, Gill S. The Oral Microbiome and Cross-Kingdom Interactions during Pregnancy. J Dent Res 2023; 102:1122-1130. [PMID: 37431832 PMCID: PMC10552463 DOI: 10.1177/00220345231176459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Pregnancy initiates a temporary transition in the maternal physiological state, with a shift in the oral microbiome and a potential increase in frequency of oral diseases. The risk of oral disease is higher among populations of Hispanic and Black women and those with lower socioeconomic status (low SES), demonstrating a need for intervention within these high-risk populations. To further our understanding of the oral microbiome of high-risk pregnant women, we characterized the oral microbiome in 28 nonpregnant and 179 pregnant low-SES women during their third trimester living in Rochester, New York. Unstimulated saliva and supragingival plaque samples were collected cross-sectionally, followed by assessment of the bacterial (16S ribosomal RNA) and fungal (18S ITS) microbiota communities. Trained and calibrated dentists performed oral examinations to determine the number of decayed teeth and plaque index. Initially, plaque from 28 nonpregnant women and 48 pregnant women were compared; these data showed significant differences in bacterial abundances based on pregnancy status. To further our understanding of the oral microbiome within the pregnant population, we next examined the oral microbiome within this population based on several variables. Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus oralis, and Lactobacillus were associated with a greater number of decayed teeth. The composition of fungal communities differed between plaque and saliva, demonstrating 2 distinct "mycotypes" that were represented by a greater abundance of Candida in plaque and Malassezia in saliva. Veillonella rogosae, a common oral bacterium, was negatively associated with both plaque index and salivary Candida albicans colonization by culture data. This was further emphasized by in vitro inhibition of C. albicans by V. rogosae. Identification of interactions between the bacterial or fungal oral communities revealed that V. rogosae was positively associated with the oral commensal Streptococcus australis and negatively with the cariogenic Lactobacillus genus, suggesting V. rogosae as a potential biomarker of a noncariogenic oral microbiome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C. Gilbert Klaczko
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA
- Translational Biomedical Science Program, Clinical and Translational Science Institute, University of Rochester School of Medicine & Dentistry, USA
| | - N. Alkhars
- Translational Biomedical Science Program, Clinical and Translational Science Institute, University of Rochester School of Medicine & Dentistry, USA
- Department of General Dental Practice, Faculty of Dentistry, Kuwait University, Kuwait
| | - Y. Zeng
- Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - M.E. Klaczko
- Chemistry Department, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - A.L. Gill
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - D.T. Kopycka-Kedzierawski
- Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - T.A. Jusko
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - M.B. Sohn
- Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - J. Xiao
- Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - S.R. Gill
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
AL-KEBSI BLA, KARS G, ÖZER H, GÜNER ŞN. Unraveling the impact of primary immunodeficiency disorders on the microbiota of dental caries in children through 16S rRNA gene-based metagenomic analysis. Turk J Med Sci 2023; 53:1512-1522. [PMID: 38813004 PMCID: PMC10763755 DOI: 10.55730/1300-0144.5719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Background/aim Dental caries is a frequently occurring and multifactorial chronic disease in children resulting from the interaction of cariogenic bacteria and host susceptibility. The aim of this study was to elucidate the impacts of primary immunodeficiency disorders (PIDs) on microbiota of dental caries in children by 16S rRNA gene-based metagenomic analysis. Materials and methods Enrolled in this study were 15 children with primary PID with caries (PID group) and 15 healthy children with caries as a control (CG). The DMFT index, saliva flow rate, and buffering capacity of each participant were assessed before the metagenomic analyses were conducted. For taxonomic profiling, the reads were obtained by high-throughput sequencing of the V3-V4 hypervariable region of 16S rRNA. Results The DMFT score, saliva flow rate, and buffering capacity of the groups were similar. The flow rate and buffering capacity had no correlation with the number of species with 95% confidence. The metagenomic analysis resulted in the identification of 2440 bacterial species in all of the samples. Among the 50 most prevalent species present at ≥1% relative abundance, Prevotella melaninogenica and Prevotella salivae were differentially more abundant in the PID group. The PID group and CG showed similar species richness and evenness, but 4 of the 5 samples with the highest Shannon-Weiner and Inverse Simpson indices belonged to the PID group. The Spearman test results for correlation of the species in the PID subgroups showed that Prevotella oris had a positively correlated relationship with both Scardovia wiggsiae and Saccharibacteria genera incertae sedis. Conclusion This study provided insight into the caries microbiota of children with immunodeficiency diseases. Differentially abundant species, novel bacterial associations, and unique bacterial species were disclosed in the PID samples, indicating the role of the immune system in altering the caries microbiota. The prominent bacterial species and associations in the PID group should be suspected in regard to their link with present or future diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bushra Lutf Ahmed AL-KEBSI
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya,
Turkiye
| | - Gökhan KARS
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya,
Turkiye
| | - Hazal ÖZER
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya,
Turkiye
| | - Şükrü Nail GÜNER
- Department of Pediatric Immunology and Allergy, Meram Medical School, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya,
Turkiye
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
You Y, Yin M, Zheng X, Liang Q, Zhang H, Wu BL, Xu W. Saccharibacteria (TM7), but not other bacterial taxa, are associated with childhood caries regardless of age in a South China population. PeerJ 2023; 11:e15605. [PMID: 37397017 PMCID: PMC10309052 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.15605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Human microbiome dysbiosis is related to various human diseases, and identifying robust and consistent biomarkers that apply in different populations is a key challenge. This challenge arises when identifying key microbial markers of childhood caries. Methods We analyzed unstimulated saliva and supragingival plaque samples from children of different ages and sexes, performed 16S rRNA gene sequencing, and sought to identify whether consistent markers exist among subpopulations by using a multivariate linear regression model. Results We found that Acinetobacter and Clostridiales bacterial taxa were associated with caries in plaque and saliva, respectively, while Firmicutes and Clostridia were found in plaque isolated from children of different ages in preschool and school. These identified bacterial markers largely differ between different populations, leaving only Saccharibacteria as a significant caries-associated phylum in children. Saccharibacteria is a newly identified phylum, and our taxonomic assignment database could not be used to identify its specific genus. Conclusion Our data indicated that, in a South China population, oral microbial signatures for dental caries show age and sex differences, but Saccharibacteria might be a consistent signal and worth further investigation, considering the lack of research on this microbe.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang You
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Shenzhen Stomatology Hospital (Pingshan), Southern Medical University, ShenZhen, GuangDong, China
| | - Meixiang Yin
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Shenzhen Stomatology Hospital (Pingshan), Southern Medical University, ShenZhen, GuangDong, China
- Department of Stomatology, Shenzhen Samii Medical Center, ShenZhen, GuangDong, China
| | - Xiao Zheng
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Shenzhen Stomatology Hospital (Pingshan), Southern Medical University, ShenZhen, GuangDong, China
| | - Qiuying Liang
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Shenzhen Stomatology Hospital (Pingshan), Southern Medical University, ShenZhen, GuangDong, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Shenzhen Stomatology Hospital (Pingshan), Southern Medical University, ShenZhen, GuangDong, China
| | - Bu-Ling Wu
- Department of Endodontics, Shenzhen Stomatology Hospital (Pingshan), Southern Medical University, ShenZhen, GuangDong, China
| | - Wenan Xu
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Shenzhen Stomatology Hospital (Pingshan), Southern Medical University, ShenZhen, GuangDong, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Zhang JS, Chen Z, Chu CH, Yu OY. Effect of silver diamine fluoride upon the microbial community of carious lesions: A scoping review. J Dent 2023; 134:104554. [PMID: 37220834 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2023.104554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To explore the effects of silver diamine fluoride (SDF) on the microbial community of carious lesions. DATA Original studies evaluating the effect of SDF treatment on the microbial community of human carious lesions were included. SOURCES A systematic search of English-language publications was performed in PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, and Web of Science. Gray literature was searched in ClinicalTrials.gov and Google Scholar. STUDY SELECTION/RESULTS This review included seven publications reporting the effects of SDF on microbial community of dental plaque or carious dentin, including the microbial biodiversity, relative abundance of microbial taxa, and predicted functional pathways of the microbial community. The studies on microbial community of dental plaque reported that SDF did not have a significant effect on both the within-community species diversity (alpha-diversity) and inter-community microbial compositional dissimilarity (beta-diversity) of the plaque microbial communities. However, SDF changed the relative abundance of 29 bacterial species of plaque community, inhibited carbohydrate transportation and interfered with the metabolic functions of the plaque microbial community. A study on the microbial community in dentin carious lesions reported that SDF affected its beta-diversity and changed the relative abundance of 14 bacterial species. CONCLUSION SDF showed no significant effects on the biodiversity of the plaque microbial community but changed the beta-diversity of the carious dentin microbial community. SDF could change the relative abundance of certain bacterial species in the dental plaque and the carious dentin. SDF could also affect the predicted functional pathways of the microbial community. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE This review provided comprehensive evidence on the potential effect of SDF treatment on the microbial community of carious lesions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Josie Shizhen Zhang
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, 34 Hospital Road, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Zigui Chen
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, 34 Hospital Road, Hong Kong SAR, China; Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Chun-Hung Chu
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, 34 Hospital Road, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ollie Yiru Yu
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, 34 Hospital Road, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Zheng L, Cao T, Xiong P, Ma Y, Wei L, Wang J. Characterization of the oral microbiome and gut microbiome of dental caries and extrinsic black stain in preschool children. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1081629. [PMID: 37065128 PMCID: PMC10103904 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1081629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
IntroductionA lower prevalence of dental caries (hereafter termed “caries”) has been observed in children with dental extrinsic black stain (EBS).MethodsWe investigated the epidemiologic characterization of EBS and explored the possible role of the oral microbiome (OM) and gut microbiome (GM) in EBS formation and caries prevention. In an epidemiologic survey, 2,675 children aged 3–6 years were included. Thirty-eight of these children (7 children had both caries and EBS, 10 had EBS only, 11 had caries only, and 10 were healthy children) were recruited for 16S rRNA sequencing and collection of samples of supragingival plaque and feces. Collected plaque samples were divided into four groups: BCP (EBS+, caries+), BP (EBS+, caries−), CP (EBS−, caries+), and P (EBS−, caries−). Fecal samples were also divided into four groups: BCF (EBS+, caries+), BF (EBS+, caries−), CF (EBS−, caries+), and F (EBS−, caries−).ResultsEBS was observed in 12.10% of this population. Children with EBS had a significantly reduced prevalence of caries and a lower mean value of decayed–missing–filled teeth (dmft; p < 0.01). According to analyses of dental plaque, the P group had the most complex microbiome. The BCP group exhibited greater operational taxonomic unit (OTU) richness but a reduced evenness compared with the BP group, and the CP group showed greater OTU richness than the BP group. At the genus level, higher abundance of Actinomyces and Cardiobacterium species was observed in the BCP group. Higher abundance of Lautropia and Pesudopropionibacteriumin species was observed in the BP group compared with P and CP groups, respectively (p < 0.05). Veillonella species were significantly more common in P and CP groups than in BP groups, whereas Porphyromonas and Fusobacterium species were more common in the CP group (p < 0.05). With regard to the GM, the CF group exhibited greater OTU diversity than the BF group. The GM in the BCF group exhibited the most complex relationships across all fecal groups. GM groups could be distinguished by various unique biomarkers, such as Escherichia and Shigella species in the BCF group, Agathobacter and Ruminococcus species in the CF group, Lactobacillus species in the BF group, and Roseburia species in the F group. Our results suggest that EBS is a possible protective factor against early-childhood caries. Dental plaque and the GM may be relevant to EBS in primary dentition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luoyuan Zheng
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University,, Wenzhou, China
| | - Tingting Cao
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University,, Wenzhou, China
| | - Puling Xiong
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University,, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yulian Ma
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University,, Wenzhou, China
| | - Limin Wei
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Limin Wei, ; Jianfeng Wang,
| | - Jianfeng Wang
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Limin Wei, ; Jianfeng Wang,
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Sharma G, Garg N, Hasan S, Saffarini D, Shirodkar S. Fumarate and nitrite reduction by Prevotella nigrescens and Prevotella buccae isolated from Chronic Periodontitis patients. Microb Pathog 2023; 176:106022. [PMID: 36739100 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2023.106022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study is an investigation of anaerobic nitrite and fumarate reduction/respiration abilities of two characterised Prevotella species namely Prevotella nigrescens (SS6B) and Prevotella buccae (GS6B) isolated from the periodontal pockets of chronic periodontitis (ChP) patients. METHODS Isolation and identification of the periodontal bacteria from 20 patients showing clinical symptoms of ChP. Characterisation of anaerobic nitrite and fumarate reduction was done in P. nigrescens (SS6B) and P. buccae (GS6B) using reduction assays, inhibition assays with use of specific inhibitors, growth assays and enzyme activity assays. Degenerate PCR was used to detect and amplify nitrite reductase (nrfA) and fumarate reductase (frdA) gene sequences in these Prevotella isolates. In addition, molecular and in silico analysis of the amplified anaerobic reductase gene sequences was performed using NCBI conserved domain analysis, Interpro database and MegaX. RESULTS We provided experimental evidence for presence of active nitrite and fumarate reductase activities through enzyme activity, reduction, inhibitor and growth assays. Moreover, we were able to detect presence of 505 bps nrfA gene fragment and 400 bps frdA gene fragment in these Prevotella spp. These fragments show similarity to multiheme ammonia forming cytochrome c nitrite reductases and fumarate reductases flavoprotein subunit, respectively. CONCLUSION Anaerobic nitrite and fumarate respiration abilities in P. nigrescens and P. buccae isolates appear to be important for detoxification process and growth, respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Geetika Sharma
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh Noida Campus, Noida, 201313, India
| | - Nancy Garg
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh Noida Campus, Noida, 201313, India
| | - Shamimul Hasan
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Daad Saffarini
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Wisconsin Milwaukee, 3209 N. Maryland Ave Milwaukee, WI, 53211, USA
| | - Sheetal Shirodkar
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh Noida Campus, Noida, 201313, India.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Khalaf ME, Karched M, Shawaf NA, Qudeimat MA. In vitro investigation of the impact of contemporary restorative materials on cariogenic bacteria counts and gene expression. J Dent 2023; 133:104486. [PMID: 36997083 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2023.104486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to compare the antibacterial effect of different fluoride-containing and bioactive restorative materials, and their effect on the expression of specific biofilm-associated genes and therefore the caries process. MATERIALS AND METHODS The restorative materials utilized in this study included: 1. Filtek Z250, 2. Fuji II LC, 3. Beautifil II, 4. ACTIVA, and 5. Biodentine. For each material, disc-shaped specimens were prepared. The inhibitory effects against Streptococcus mutans, Lactobacillus acidophilus, and Leptotrichia shahii were tested. After incubation for 24 hours and 1 week, colony-forming units (CFUs) were enumerated. From the plates dedicated for biomass quantification and RNA purification, the target glucosyltransferase B (gtfB) and glucan-binding protein B (gbpB) genes were chosen for S. mutans. For L. acidophilus, a gene involved in exopolysaccharide synthesis (epsB) was chosen. RESULTS Except for Filtek Z250, all four materials showed statistically significant inhibitory effects on the biofilms of all three species. When biofilms were grown in the presence of the same four materials, the expression of S. mutans gtfB and gbpB genes, was significantly reduced. For L. acidophilus, the decrease in the expression of gtfB gene in the presence of ACTIVA was the highest change seen. The epsB gene expression also decreased. Compared to fluoride-releasing materials, bioactive materials had more inhibitory effect against L. acidophilus, both at 24 hours and 1 week. CONCLUSIONS Both fluoride releasing and bioactive materials exhibited a significant inhibitory effect on the biofilm growth. The expression of the targeted biofilm-associated genes was downregulated by both material groups. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE The findings from this study give insight into the antibacterial effect of fluoride-containing and bioactive materials which would help to reduce the chances for secondary caries and therefore increase the lifetime of dental restorations placed for patients.
Collapse
|
17
|
Zhang J, Liu W, Shi L, Liu X, Wang M, Li W, Yu D, Wang Y, Zhang J, Yun K, Yan J. The Effects of Drug Addiction and Detoxification on the Human Oral Microbiota. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0396122. [PMID: 36722952 PMCID: PMC10100366 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.03961-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Drug addiction can powerfully and chronically damage human health. Detoxification contributes to health recovery of the body. It is well established that drug abuse is associated with poor oral health in terms of dental caries and periodontal diseases. We supposed that drug addiction and detoxification might have significant effects on the oral microbiota. To test the hypothesis, we assessed the effects of drug (heroin and methylamphetamine) addiction/detoxification on the oral microbiota based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing by an observational investigation, including 495 saliva samples from participants. The oral microbial compositions differed between non-users, current and former drug users. Lower alpha diversities were observed in current drug users, with no significant differences between non-users and former drug users. Heroin and METH addiction can cause consistent variations in several specific phyla, such as the enrichment of Acidobacteria and depletion of Proteobacteria and Tenericutes. Current drug users had significantly lower relative abundances of Neisseria subflava and Haemophilus parainfluenzae compared to non-users and former drug users. The result of random forest prediction model suggested that the oral microbiota has a powerful classification potential for distinguishing current drug users from non-users and former drug users. A cooccurrence network analysis showed that current drug users had more complex oral microbial networks and lower functional modularity. Overall, our study suggested that drug addiction may damage the balance of the oral microbiota. These results may have benefits for further understanding the effects of addiction-related oral microbiota on the health of drug users and promoting the microbiota to serve as a potential tool for accurate forensic identification. IMPORTANCE Drug addiction has serious negative consequences for human health and public security. The evidence indicates that drug abuse can cause poor oral health. In the current study, we observed that drug addiction caused oral microbial dysbiosis. Detoxication have positive effects on the recovery of oral microbial community structures to some extent. Understanding the effects of drug addiction and detoxification on oral microbial communities will promote a more rational approach for recovering the oral function and health of drug users. Furthermore, specific microbial species might be considered biomarkers that could provide information regarding drug abuse status for saliva left at crime scenes. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the role of the oral microbiota in drug addiction and detoxification. Our findings give new clues to understand the association between drug addiction and oral health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhang
- Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenli Liu
- Beijing Center for Physical and Chemical Analysis, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Linyu Shi
- Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu Liu
- Beijing Center for Physical and Chemical Analysis, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengchun Wang
- Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Wanting Li
- Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Daijing Yu
- Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaya Wang
- Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- Beijing Center for Physical and Chemical Analysis, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Keming Yun
- Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiangwei Yan
- Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Yang H, Ma Y, Xie X, Wang H, Li X, Fang D, Bai Y. Candida albicans enriched in orthodontic derived white spot lesions and shaped focal supragingival bacteriome. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1084850. [PMID: 36760510 PMCID: PMC9902512 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1084850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
White spot lesions (WSLs) are common enamel infectious diseases in fixed orthodontic treatment, which might attribute to the dysbiosis of oral microbiome. However, the correlation of Candida albicans with oral bacteriome in WSLs still remains unrevealed. This study investigated the carriage of C. albicans and how it shaped the bacterial community in disease or healthy supragingival plaque, to explore the potential role of interkingdom interaction in orthodontic WSLs. In this study, 31 patients with WSLs (WSLs) and 23 healthy patients (Health) undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment were enrolled. The supragingival microbiota in both groups were determined using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Colonization and abundance of C. albicans in the plaque were determined via culture-dependent and -independent methods. Among WSLs patients, the correlation of C. albicans and bacteriome was analyzed under QIIME2-based bioinformatics and Spearman's correlation coefficient. The raw reads were deposited into the NCBI Sequence Read Archive (SRA) database (Accession Number: SRP404186). Significant differences in microbial diversity as well as composition were observed between WSLs and Health groups. Leptotrichia remarkably enriched in the WSLs group, while Neisseria and Cardiobacterium significantly enriched in the Health group. In addition, 45% of WSLs patients were C. albicans carriers but none in patients without WSLs. Among all WSLs patients, beta diversity and microbial composition were distinguished between C. albicans carriers and non-carriers. In C. albicans carriers, Corynebacterium matruchotii and Streptococcus mutans significantly enriched whereas Saccharibacteria_TM7_G-1 significantly depleted. The abundance of C. albicans was positively associated with bacteria such as Streptococcus mutans, while the negative correlation was detected between C. albicans and several bacteria such as Cardiobacterium hominis and Streptococcus sanguinis. Our study elucidated the distinguished supragingival plaque microbiome between orthodontic patients with and without WSLs. C. albicans frequently existed and enriched in orthodontic derived WSLs. The carriage of C. albicans shape plaque bacterial community in demineralized lesions and might play roles in WSLs pathogenesis.
Collapse
|
19
|
Developed and Validated Capillary Isotachophoresis Method for the Rapid Determining Organic Acids in Children's Saliva. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28031092. [PMID: 36770757 PMCID: PMC9920431 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28031092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the current challenges facing researchers is the search for alternative biological material, as opposed to routinely and invasively collected (such as blood), as the analysis of the former would provide information about the state of human health, allowing for the diagnosis of diseases in their early stages. With the search for disease biomarkers in alternative materials, the development of newer analytical solutions has been observed. This study aims to develop a reliable analytical method using the capillary isotachophoresis technique for the determination of organic acids in children's saliva, the presence/elevation of which can be used in the future for diagnostic purposes. Organic acids such as formic, lactic, acetic, propionic, and butyric acid, were determined in the saliva of healthy children without carious lesions. The limit of quantification determined in the validation process was found to vary from 0.05 to 1.56 mg/L, the recoveries at the two levels were determined to vary between 90% and 110% for level I, while for level II the corresponding values of 75% and 106% were found; the presentation, expressed as relative standard deviation values (RSD), did not exceed 5%. The parameters determined while validating the results method indicated that the obtained are reliable. The Red-Green-Blue (RGB) additive color model was used for the evaluation of the method. This comparative analysis allowed us to define the color of the method, which expresses whether it meets the given assumptions and requirements. According to the RGB model, the isotachophoresis method developed requires less reagent input, shorter sample preparation times, and results with lower energy consumption. Thus, the subject procedure may provide an alternative, routine tool for determining organic acids in human saliva, to be applied in the diagnosing of diseases of various etiological origins.
Collapse
|
20
|
Téllez Corral MA, Herrera Daza E, Cuervo Jimenez HK, Bravo Becerra MDM, Villamil JC, Hidalgo Martinez P, Roa Molina NS, Otero L, Cortés ME, Parra Giraldo CM. Cryptic Oral Microbiota: What Is Its Role as Obstructive Sleep Apnea-Related Periodontal Pathogens? INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:1740. [PMID: 36767109 PMCID: PMC9913967 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20031740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Periodontitis has been commonly linked to periodontopathogens categorized in Socransky's microbial complexes; however, there is a lack of knowledge regarding "other microorganisms" or "cryptic microorganisms", which are rarely thought of as significant oral pathogens and have been neither previously categorized nor connected to illnesses in the oral cavity. This study hypothesized that these cryptic microorganisms could contribute to the modulation of oral microbiota present in health or disease (periodontitis and/or obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients). For this purpose, the presence and correlation among these cultivable cryptic oral microorganisms were identified, and their possible role in both conditions was determined. Data from oral samples of individuals with or without periodontitis and with or without OSA were obtained from a previous study. Demographic data, clinical oral characteristics, and genera and species of cultivable cryptic oral microorganisms identified by MALDI-TOF were recorded. The data from 75 participants were analyzed to determine the relative frequencies of cultivable cryptic microorganisms' genera and species, and microbial clusters and correlations tests were performed. According to periodontal condition, dental-biofilm-induced gingivitis in reduced periodontium and stage III periodontitis were found to have the highest diversity of cryptic microorganism species. Based on the experimental condition, these findings showed that there are genera related to disease conditions and others related to healthy conditions, with species that could be related to different chronic diseases being highlighted as periodontitis and OSA comorbidities. The cryptic microorganisms within the oral microbiota of patients with periodontitis and OSA are present as potential pathogens, promoting the development of dysbiotic microbiota and the occurrence of chronic diseases, which have been previously proposed to be common risk factors for periodontitis and OSA. Understanding the function of possible pathogens in the oral microbiota will require more research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mayra A. Téllez Corral
- Centro de Investigaciones Odontológicas, Facultad de Odontología, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá D.C. 110231, Colombia
- Unidad de Investigación en Proteómica y Micosis Humanas, Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá D.C. 110231, Colombia
- Faculty of Dentistry and Innovation Technology Graduate Program, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Eddy Herrera Daza
- Departamento de Matemáticas, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá D.C. 110231, Colombia
| | - Hayde K. Cuervo Jimenez
- Unidad de Investigación en Proteómica y Micosis Humanas, Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá D.C. 110231, Colombia
| | - María del Mar Bravo Becerra
- Unidad de Investigación en Proteómica y Micosis Humanas, Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá D.C. 110231, Colombia
| | - Jean Carlos Villamil
- Centro de Investigaciones Odontológicas, Facultad de Odontología, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá D.C. 110231, Colombia
| | - Patricia Hidalgo Martinez
- Sleep Clinic, Hospital Universitario San Ignacio and Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá D.C. 110231, Colombia
| | - Nelly S. Roa Molina
- Centro de Investigaciones Odontológicas, Facultad de Odontología, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá D.C. 110231, Colombia
| | - Liliana Otero
- Centro de Investigaciones Odontológicas, Facultad de Odontología, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá D.C. 110231, Colombia
| | - María E. Cortés
- Faculty of Dentistry and Innovation Technology Graduate Program, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Claudia M. Parra Giraldo
- Unidad de Investigación en Proteómica y Micosis Humanas, Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá D.C. 110231, Colombia
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasilogía, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Zhang Q, Guan L, Guo J, Chuan A, Tong J, Ban J, Tian T, Jiang W, Wang S. Application of fluoride disturbs plaque microecology and promotes remineralization of enamel initial caries. J Oral Microbiol 2022; 14:2105022. [PMID: 35923900 PMCID: PMC9341347 DOI: 10.1080/20002297.2022.2105022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The caries-preventive effect of topical fluoride application has been corroborated by a number of clinical studies. However, the effect of fluoride on oral microecology remains unclear. Objective To monitor the effect of fluoride on dental plaque microecology and demineralization/remineralization balance of enamel initial caries. Methods Three-year-old children were enrolled and treated with fluoride at baseline and 6 months. International Caries Detection and Assessment System II indices of 52 subjects were measured at baseline, 3, 6, and 12 months. Supragingival plaque samples of 12 subjects were collected at baseline, 3 and 14 days for 16S rRNA sequencing. Results Changes in microbial community structure were observed at 3 days after fluoridation. Significant changes in the relative abundance of microorganisms were observed after fluoride application, especially Capnocytophaga, unidentified Prevotellaceae and Rothia. Functional prediction revealed that cell movement, carbohydrate and energy metabolism were affected significantly after fluoride application. Fluoride significantly inhibited enamel demineralization and promoted remineralization of early demineralized caries enamel at 3 months. Conclusion Fluoride application significantly inhibited the progression of enamel initial caries and reversed the demineralization process, possibly by disturbing dental plaque microecology and modulating the physicochemical action of demineralization/remineralization. This deepened our understanding of caries-preventive effects and mechanisms of fluoride.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qianxia Zhang
- Department of Operative Dentistry & Endodontics, State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, PR China
| | - Lingxia Guan
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, PR China
| | - Jing Guo
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, PR China
| | - Aiyun Chuan
- Department of Operative Dentistry & Endodontics, State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, PR China
| | - Juan Tong
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, PR China
| | - Jinghao Ban
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, PR China
| | - Tian Tian
- Department of VIP Dental Care, State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Dental Materials and Advanced Manufacture, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, PR China
| | - Wenkai Jiang
- Department of Operative Dentistry & Endodontics, State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, PR China
| | - Shengchao Wang
- Department of Operative Dentistry & Endodontics, State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Ammar N, El-Tekeya MM, Essa S, Essawy MM, Talaat DM. Antibacterial effect and impact on caries activity of nanosilver fluoride and silver diamine fluoride in dentin caries of primary teeth: a randomized controlled clinical trial. BMC Oral Health 2022; 22:657. [PMID: 36585664 PMCID: PMC9805097 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-022-02697-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of silver diamine fluoride (SDF) in caries treatment in children has increased despite the disadvantage of causing tooth discoloration. Nanosilver fluoride (NSF) is a possible alternative. This study aimed to assess the antibacterial effect of NSF and SDF and their impact on the activity of dentin caries in primary teeth. METHODS Synthesis and characterization of the physical and biological properties of NSF were conducted. Fifty children aged 4-6 years with dentin caries (active caries corresponding to ICDAS code 5) in deciduous teeth were randomly assigned to treatment by NSF or SDF. Baseline assessment of Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) and lactobacilli counts as CFU/mL in caries lesions was done, followed by the application of the agents. After one month, microbiological samples were recollected, and lesion activity was reassessed. Groups were compared using Mann-Whitney and Chi-Square tests, while intragroup comparisons were done using Wilcoxon and McNemar tests. Multilevel logistic regression analysis was used to assess the effect of different variables on the outcomes. RESULTS There were 130 teeth in 50 children; mean ± SD age = 4.75 ± 0.76 years, 63% were posterior teeth. At the one-month follow-up appointment, both groups showed a significant decrease from baseline bacterial counts. There was a significant difference in the reduction of S. mutans between NSF and SDF (21.3% and 10.5%, respectively, p = 0.002), while not in lactobacilli (13.9% and 6.0%, respectively, p = 0.094). In both groups, there was a significant reduction in the number of active caries from baseline (p < 0.0001) with no significant difference between groups (percentage inactive = 64.4% and 63.4%, p = 0.903). Multilevel regression revealed non-significant differences in S. mutans and lactobacilli counts (AOR 1.281, p = 0.737 and 1.888, p = 0.341, respectively), and in the number of inactive lesions (AOR 1.355, p = 0.731) between groups. CONCLUSION The short-term antibacterial efficacy of NSF was similar to that of SDF. In both groups there was a significant reduction of S. mutans and lactobacilli counts in active dentin caries, and two-thirds of the lesions became inactive with no differences between the two interventions. Further research is needed to investigate the long-term efficacy of NSF and its suitability for clinical use in caries management. TRIAL REGISTRATION This trial was prospectively registered on the clinicaltrials.gov registry with ID: NCT05221749 on 03/02/2022.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nour Ammar
- grid.7155.60000 0001 2260 6941Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Magda M. El-Tekeya
- grid.7155.60000 0001 2260 6941Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Sara Essa
- grid.7155.60000 0001 2260 6941Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Marwa M. Essawy
- grid.7155.60000 0001 2260 6941Department of Oral Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt ,grid.7155.60000 0001 2260 6941Center of Excellence for Research in Regenerative Medicine and Applications (CERRMA), Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Dalia M. Talaat
- grid.7155.60000 0001 2260 6941Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Wenyan H, Pujue Z, Yuhang H, Zhenni L, Yuejun W, Wenbin W, Ziling L, Pathak JL, Sujuan Z. The impact of Er:YAG laser combined with fluoride treatment on the supragingival plaque microbiome in children with multiple caries: a dynamic study. BMC Oral Health 2022; 22:537. [PMID: 36424564 PMCID: PMC9685943 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-022-02537-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As a minimally invasive tool for caries prevention tool, the pulsed erbium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet (Er:YAG) laser is being used in a large number of studies. Microorganisms are extremely vital in the occurrence and development of dental caries. However, the impact of Er:YAG laser irradiation combined with fluoride on the dynamic microbial changes that occur in dental plaques is still uncertain. In this study, we examined the effect of an Er:YAG laser combined with fluorine on supragingival microbial composition and diversity in children with multiple caries. METHODS In this study, dental plaque samples (n = 48) were collected from 12 children with over 8 filled teeth. Supragingival plaques from left mandibular molars before (CB) and after fluoride treatment (CA) and right mandibular molars before (EB) and after fluoride+Er:YAG laser treatment (EA) were collected from each patient. In CB and EB groups, the samples were collected just before the treatments. In CA and EA groups, the samples were collected 1 month after treatments. Then, all specimens were subjected to 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing to investigate the changes in microbial composition and diversity in mandibular molar supragingival plaques before and after fluoride or fluoride+Er:YAG laser treatment. RESULTS The dental plaque microbial diversity was higher in the EA group than in the EB group (baseline levels), and the microbial composition changed in EA group compared with EB group (P < 0.05). The levels of microorganisms associated with caries occurrence, including Proteobacteria, Fusobacteria, and Bacteroidetes, declined, while the levels of Faecacterium, Fastidiosipila, Vibrio, and Shewanella increased in EA group compared with EB group. The declines in Firmicutes, Streptococcus, Fusobacterium, and Veillonella levels were significantly lower in the EA group than in the CA group. CONCLUSION The combined application of the Er:YAG laser and fluoride may be more effective than using fluoride alone in reducing the proportion of cariogenic bacteria, increasing the diversity of plaque microorganisms, and further promoting the microecological balance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huang Wenyan
- grid.410737.60000 0000 8653 1072Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, 510182 Guangdong China
| | - Zheng Pujue
- grid.410737.60000 0000 8653 1072Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, 510182 Guangdong China
| | - Huang Yuhang
- grid.410737.60000 0000 8653 1072Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, 510182 Guangdong China
| | - Liu Zhenni
- grid.410737.60000 0000 8653 1072Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, 510182 Guangdong China
| | - Wu Yuejun
- grid.410737.60000 0000 8653 1072Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, 510182 Guangdong China
| | - Wu Wenbin
- grid.410737.60000 0000 8653 1072Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, 510182 Guangdong China
| | - Li Ziling
- grid.410737.60000 0000 8653 1072Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, 510182 Guangdong China
| | - Janak L. Pathak
- grid.410737.60000 0000 8653 1072Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, 510182 Guangdong China
| | - Zeng Sujuan
- grid.410737.60000 0000 8653 1072Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, 510182 Guangdong China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Korona-Glowniak I, Skawinska-Bednarczyk A, Wrobel R, Pietrak J, Tkacz-Ciebiera I, Maslanko-Switala M, Krawczyk D, Bakiera A, Borek A, Malm A, Mielnik-Blaszczak M. Streptococcus sobrinus as a Predominant Oral Bacteria Related to the Occurrence of Dental Caries in Polish Children at 12 Years Old. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph192215005. [PMID: 36429724 PMCID: PMC9690266 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192215005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Dental caries is listed by the WHO as one of the major non-communicable diseases that need to be prevented and treated. The aim of the study was to evaluate the prevalence and severity of caries expressed as the Decayed, Missing and Filled Permanent Teeth (DMFT) index in 12-year-old Polish children and to verify bacterial species related to the occurrence of dental caries. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis of DNA isolated from saliva samples was performed to detect 8 cariogenic and periopathogenic bacterial strains. A total of 118 Polish children were enrolled in the study. They had low mean DMFT scores of 1.58 ± 1.98. The prevalence of dental caries in the children tested was low (53.4%), with a tendency to decrease compared to previous oral surveys. Bacterial abundance of other species in the dental caries and caries-free groups did not differ; however, periopathogenic Prevotella pallens, Fusobacterium nucleatum along with cariogenic Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus fermentum were significantly strongly correlated in the caries-active subjects. The prevalence of S. sobrinus was significantly higher in children with dental caries (p = 0.023) and correlated with higher DMFT. It may temporarily play an important role in the initiation of the cariogenic process or in its enhancement due to an ecological imbalance in dental microbiota.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Izabela Korona-Glowniak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | | | - Rafal Wrobel
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Justyna Pietrak
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | | | | | - Dorota Krawczyk
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Adrian Bakiera
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Anna Borek
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Anna Malm
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Abram AM, Szewczyk MM, Park SG, Sam SS, Eldana HB, Koria FJ, Ferracciolo JM, Young LA, Qadir H, Bonham AJ, Yang F, Zora JS, Abdulelah SA, Patel NA, Koleilat A, Saleh MA, Alhabeil JA, Khan S, Tripathi A, Palanci JG, Krukonis ES. A Co-Association of Streptococcus mutans and Veillonella parvula/dispar in Root Caries Patients and In Vitro Biofilms. Infect Immun 2022; 90:e0035522. [PMID: 36129298 PMCID: PMC9584289 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00355-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Root caries in geriatric patients is a growing problem as more people are maintaining their natural teeth into advanced age. We determined the levels of various bacterial species previously implicated in root caries disease or health using quantitative real-time PCR in a pilot study of 7 patients with 1 to 4 root caries lesions per person. Levels of 12 different species on diseased roots compared to healthy (contralateral control) roots were measured. Four species were found at significantly higher levels on diseased roots (Streptococcus mutans, Veillonella parvula/dispar, Actinomyces naeslundii/viscosus, and Capnocytophaga granulosa) compared across all plaque samples. The level of colonization by these species varied dramatically (up to 1,000-fold) between patients, indicating different patients have different bacteria contributing to root caries disease. Neither of the two species previously reported to correlate with healthy roots (C. granulosa and Delftia acidovorans) showed statistically significant protective roles in our population, although D. acidovorans showed a trend toward higher levels on healthy teeth (P = 0.08). There was a significant positive correlation between higher levels of S. mutans and V. parvula/dispar on the same diseased teeth. In vitro mixed biofilm studies demonstrated that co-culturing S. mutans and V. parvula leads to a 50 to 150% increase in sucrose-dependent biofilm mass compared to S. mutans alone, depending on the growth conditions, while V. parvula alone did not form in vitro biofilms. The presence of V. parvula also decreased the acidification of S. mutans biofilms when grown in artificial saliva and enhanced the health of mixed biofilms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amber M. Abram
- Department of Biology, University of Detroit Mercy, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | | | - Seon G. Park
- University of Detroit Mercy School of Dentistry, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Sumita S. Sam
- University of Detroit Mercy School of Dentistry, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Haya B. Eldana
- Department of Biology, University of Detroit Mercy, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Fadi J. Koria
- Department of Biology, University of Detroit Mercy, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | | | - Laura A. Young
- University of Detroit Mercy School of Dentistry, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Hina Qadir
- University of Detroit Mercy School of Dentistry, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Aaron J. Bonham
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Fei Yang
- Natural Products Discovery Core, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Jonathan S. Zora
- University of Detroit Mercy School of Dentistry, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Sara A. Abdulelah
- University of Detroit Mercy School of Dentistry, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Neil A. Patel
- University of Detroit Mercy School of Dentistry, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Ayah Koleilat
- University of Detroit Mercy School of Dentistry, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Malaka A. Saleh
- University of Detroit Mercy School of Dentistry, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Jamal A. Alhabeil
- University of Detroit Mercy School of Dentistry, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Shameel Khan
- University of Detroit Mercy School of Dentistry, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Ashootosh Tripathi
- Natural Products Discovery Core, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - John G. Palanci
- Division of Restorative Dentistry, University of Detroit Mercy School of Dentistry, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Eric S. Krukonis
- Division of Integrated Biomedical Sciences, University of Detroit Mercy School of Dentistry, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Oral Microbiome and Dental Caries Development. Dent J (Basel) 2022; 10:dj10100184. [PMID: 36285994 PMCID: PMC9601200 DOI: 10.3390/dj10100184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Dental caries remains the most prevalent oral disease worldwide. The development of dental caries is highly associated with the microbiota in the oral cavity. Microbiological research of dental caries has been conducted for over a century, with conventional culture-based methods and targeted molecular methods being used in order to identify the microorganisms related to dental caries. These methods’ major limitation is that they can identify only part of the culturable microorganisms in the oral cavity. Introducing sequencing-based technology and bioinformatics analysis has boosted oral microbiome research and greatly expanded the understanding of complex oral microbiology. With the continuing revolution of molecular technologies and the accumulated sequence data of the oral microbiome, researchers have realized that microbial composition alone may be insufficient to uncover the relationship between caries and the microbiome. Most updated evidence has coupled metagenomics with transcriptomics and metabolomics techniques in order to comprehensively understand the microbial contribution to dental caries. Therefore, the objective of this article is to give an overview of the research of the oral microbiome and the development of dental caries. This article reviews the classical concepts of the microbiological aspect of dental caries and updates the knowledge of caries microbiology with the results of current studies on the oral microbiome. This paper also provides an update on the caries etiological theory, the microorganisms related to caries development, and the shifts in the microbiome in dental caries development.
Collapse
|
27
|
D’Agostino S, Ferrara E, Valentini G, Stoica SA, Dolci M. Exploring Oral Microbiome in Healthy Infants and Children: A Systematic Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:11403. [PMID: 36141674 PMCID: PMC9517473 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191811403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Recent advances in the development of next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies, such as the 16S rRNA gene sequencing, have enabled significant progress in characterizing the architecture of the oral microbiome. Understanding the taxonomic and functional components of the oral microbiome, especially during early childhood development, is becoming critical for identifying the interactions and adaptations of bacterial communities to dynamic conditions that may lead to the dysfunction of the host environment, thereby contributing to the onset and/or progression of a wide range of pathological conditions. We aimed to provide a comprehensive overview of the most recent evidence from studies of the oral microbiome of infants and young children, focusing on the development of oral microbiome in the window of birth to 18 years, focusing on infants. A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, WOS, and the WHO clinical trial website for relevant articles published between 2006 to 2022 to identify studies that examined genome-wide transcriptome of the oral microbiome in birth, early childhood, and adolescence performed via 16s rRNA sequence analysis. In addition, the references of selected articles were screened for other relevant studies. This systematic review was performed in accordance PRISMA guidelines. Data extraction and quality assessment were independently conducted by two authors, and a third author resolved discrepancies. Overall, 34 studies were included in this systematic review. Due to a considerable heterogeneity in study population, design, and outcome measures, a formal meta-analysis was not carried out. The current evidence indicates that a core microbiome is present in newborns, and it is stable in species number. Disparity about delivery mode influence are found. Further investigations are needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Silvia D’Agostino
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University A. Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Ferrara
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University G. d’Annunzio, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Giulia Valentini
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University G. d’Annunzio, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Sorana Andreea Stoica
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University G. d’Annunzio, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Marco Dolci
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University G. d’Annunzio, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Pang L, Zhi Q, Jian W, Liu Z, Lin H. The Oral Microbiome Impacts the Link between Sugar Consumption and Caries: A Preliminary Study. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14183693. [PMID: 36145068 PMCID: PMC9503897 DOI: 10.3390/nu14183693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The excessive and frequent intake of refined sugar leads to caries. However, the relationship between the amount of sugar intake and the risk of caries is not always consistent. Oral microbial profile and function may impact the link between them. This study aims to identify the plaque microbiota characteristics of caries subjects with low (CL) and high (CH) sugar consumption, and of caries-free subjects with low (FL) and high sugar (FH) consumption. Methods: A total of 40 adolescents were enrolled in the study, and supragingival plaque samples were collected and subjected to metagenomic analyses. The caries status, sugar consumption, and oral-health behaviors of the subjects were recorded. Results: The results indicate that the CL group showed a higher abundance of several cariogenic microorganisms Lactobacillus, A. gerencseriae, A. dentails, S. mutans, C. albicans, S. wiggsiae and P. acidifaciens. C. gingivalis, and P. gingivalis, which were enriched in the FH group. In terms of gene function, the phosphotransferase sugar uptake system, phosphotransferase system, and several two-component responses–regulator pairs were enriched in the CL group. Conclusion: Overall, our data suggest the existence of an increased cariogenic microbial community and sugar catabolism potential in the CL group, and a healthy microbial community in the FH group, which had self-stabilizing functional potential.
Collapse
|
29
|
Morillo-Lopez V, Sjaarda A, Islam I, Borisy GG, Mark Welch JL. Corncob structures in dental plaque reveal microhabitat taxon specificity. MICROBIOME 2022; 10:145. [PMID: 36064650 PMCID: PMC9446765 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-022-01323-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The human mouth is a natural laboratory for studying how bacterial communities differ across habitats. Different bacteria colonize different surfaces in the mouth-teeth, tongue dorsum, and keratinized and non-keratinized epithelia-despite the short physical distance between these habitats and their connection through saliva. We sought to determine whether more tightly defined microhabitats might have more tightly defined sets of resident bacteria. A microhabitat may be characterized, for example, as the space adjacent to a particular species of bacterium. Corncob structures of dental plaque, consisting of coccoid bacteria bound to filaments of Corynebacterium cells, present an opportunity to analyze the community structure of one such well-defined microhabitat within a complex natural biofilm. Here, we investigate by fluorescence in situ hybridization and spectral imaging the composition of the cocci decorating the filaments. RESULTS The range of taxa observed in corncobs was limited to a small subset of the taxa present in dental plaque. Among four major groups of dental plaque streptococci, two were the major constituents of corncobs, including one that was the most abundant Streptococcus species in corncobs despite being relatively rare in dental plaque overall. Images showed both Streptococcus types in corncobs in all individual donors, suggesting that the taxa have different ecological roles or that mechanisms exist for stabilizing the persistence of functionally redundant taxa in the population. Direct taxon-taxon interactions were observed not only between the Streptococcus cells and the central corncob filament but also between Streptococcus cells and the limited subset of other plaque bacteria detected in the corncobs, indicating species ensembles involving these taxa as well. CONCLUSIONS The spatial organization we observed in corncobs suggests that each of the microbial participants can interact with multiple, albeit limited, potential partners, a feature that may encourage the long-term stability of the community. Additionally, our results suggest the general principle that a precisely defined microhabitat will be inhabited by a small and well-defined set of microbial taxa. Thus, our results are important for understanding the structure and organizing principles of natural biofilms and lay the groundwork for future work to modulate and control biofilms for human health. Video Abstract.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Viviana Morillo-Lopez
- Josephine Bay Paul Center for Comparative Molecular Biology and Evolution, Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA
| | - Alexandra Sjaarda
- Josephine Bay Paul Center for Comparative Molecular Biology and Evolution, Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA
| | - Imon Islam
- Josephine Bay Paul Center for Comparative Molecular Biology and Evolution, Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA
| | - Gary G. Borisy
- Present Address: Department of Microbiology, The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA
| | - Jessica L. Mark Welch
- Josephine Bay Paul Center for Comparative Molecular Biology and Evolution, Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA
- Present Address: Department of Microbiology, The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Li Q, Zhou F, Su Z, Li Y, Li J. Corynebacterium matruchotii: A Confirmed Calcifying Bacterium With a Potentially Important Role in the Supragingival Plaque. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:940643. [PMID: 35875585 PMCID: PMC9298747 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.940643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Corynebacterium matruchotii is a reported calcifying bacterium that can usually be isolated from dental calculus and induce mineralization in vitro. In recent years, based on in situ hybridization probe and sequencing technology, researchers have discovered the central "pillar" role of C. matruchotii in supragingival plaque, and many studies focused on bacterial interactions in the biofilm structure dominated by C. matruchotii have been conducted. Besides, C. matruchotii seems to be an indicator of "caries-free" oral status according to imaging and sequencing studies. Therefore, in this review, we summarize C. matruchotii 's role in supragingival plaque based on the structure, interactions, and potential connections with oral diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qinyang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Fangjie Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhifei Su
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuqing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiyao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Wang Y, Zhang Y, Pan T, Lin H, Zhou Y. Metabolic differences of the oral microbiome related to dental caries - A pilot study. Arch Oral Biol 2022; 141:105471. [PMID: 35689993 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2022.105471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to investigate the composition and functions discrepancy of supragingival plaque associated with active deciduous teeth caries in mixed dentitions. DESIGN Thirty-three subjects with mixed dentition participated in this study. Children with deciduous teeth caries (dt ≥ 3) were recruited to the caries group, whereas children without deciduous teeth caries (dt = 0) were recruited to the caries-free group. Plaque were collected from deciduous teeth surface and permanent teeth surface respectively. A total of 66 samples of dental plaque were collected and conserved. Illumina 16S rRNA sequencing and diversity analysis were performed for microbiome. Untargeted liquid chromatograph-mass (LC-MS) and partial least squares discriminant analysis were performed for metabolome. RESULTS A dominant microbiome of 8 phyla and 22 genera were detected. The alpha diversity indices did not detect differences between the caries and caries-free groups (p > 0.05). Beta diversity analysis showed that the microbiota composition was similar between subgroups. Comparative analysis at genus level did not detect difference between caries and caries-free subgroups. The metabolomics analysis yielded 419 biochemical metabolites, 56 of which were related to caries status. Metabolites in glucose metabolism and byproducts of oxidative stress were identified as related to dental caries in mixed dentition. Dominant bacteria are positively correlated with metabolites, such as Streptococcus and organic acids. CONCLUSIONS The upgrade of glucose metabolism and oxidative stress was observed in caries status. Functions discrepancy of oral microbiome may be more pronounced than the composition of oral microbiome with active dental caries in mixed dentitions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yinuo Wang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory for Dental Disease Prevention and Control, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Yuwen Zhang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory for Dental Disease Prevention and Control, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Ting Pan
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory for Dental Disease Prevention and Control, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Huancai Lin
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory for Dental Disease Prevention and Control, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Yan Zhou
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory for Dental Disease Prevention and Control, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Könönen E, Fteita D, Gursoy UK, Gursoy M. Prevotella species as oral residents and infectious agents with potential impact on systemic conditions. J Oral Microbiol 2022; 14:2079814. [DOI: 10.1080/20002297.2022.2079814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Eija Könönen
- Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Dareen Fteita
- Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Ulvi K. Gursoy
- Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Mervi Gursoy
- Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Saeed NK, Al-Beltagi M, Bediwy AS, El-Sawaf Y, Toema O. Gut microbiota in various childhood disorders: Implication and indications. World J Gastroenterol 2022; 28:1875-1901. [PMID: 35664966 PMCID: PMC9150060 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v28.i18.1875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Gut microbiota has a significant role in gut development, maturation, and immune system differentiation. It exerts considerable effects on the child's physical and mental development. The gut microbiota composition and structure depend on many host and microbial factors. The host factors include age, genetic pool, general health, dietary factors, medication use, the intestine's pH, peristalsis, and transit time, mucus secretions, mucous immunoglobulin, and tissue oxidation-reduction potentials. The microbial factors include nutrient availability, bacterial cooperation or antagonism, and bacterial adhesion. Each part of the gut has its microbiota due to its specific characteristics. The gut microbiota interacts with different body parts, affecting the pathogenesis of many local and systemic diseases. Dysbiosis is a common finding in many childhood disorders such as autism, failure to thrive, nutritional disorders, coeliac disease, Necrotizing Enterocolitis, helicobacter pylori infection, functional gastrointestinal disorders of childhood, inflammatory bowel diseases, and many other gastrointestinal disorders. Dysbiosis is also observed in allergic conditions like atopic dermatitis, allergic rhinitis, and asthma. Dysbiosis can also impact the development and the progression of immune disorders and cardiac disorders, including heart failure. Probiotic supplements could provide some help in managing these disorders. However, we are still in need of more studies. In this narrative review, we will shed some light on the role of microbiota in the development and management of common childhood disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nermin Kamal Saeed
- Medical Microbiology Section, Department of Pathology, Salmaniya Medical Complex, Ministry of Health, Manama 12, Bahrain
- Microbiology Section, Department of Pathology, Irish Royal College of Surgeon, Busaiteen 15503, Bahrain
| | - Mohammed Al-Beltagi
- Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center, Arabian Gulf University, Dr. Sulaiman Al Habib Medical Group, Manama 26671, Bahrain
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta 31511, Egypt
| | - Adel Salah Bediwy
- Department of Chest Disease, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt
- Department of Pulmonology, University Medical Center, Arabian Gulf University, Dr. Sulaiman Al Habib Medical Group, Manama 26671, Bahrain
| | - Yasser El-Sawaf
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt
- Department of Gastroenterology, University Medical Center, Arabian Gulf University, Dr. Sulaiman Al-Habib Medical Group, Manama 26671, Bahrain
| | - Osama Toema
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta 31511, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Zhang Y, Fang J, Yang J, Gao X, Dong L, Zheng X, Sun L, Xia B, Zhao N, Ma Z, Wang Y. Streptococcus mutans-associated bacteria in dental plaque of severe early childhood caries. J Oral Microbiol 2022; 14:2046309. [PMID: 35251525 PMCID: PMC8896182 DOI: 10.1080/20002297.2022.2046309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) is a potential pathogenic bacteria of dental caries. However, the level of S. mutans is low in some children with severe early childhood caries (SECC) Aim To evaluate the effect of S. mutans level on dental microbiome and cariogenesis. Methods The oral microbiota was compared between caries-free group (CF) and SECC group.16S rRNA gene sequencing was used for S. mutans level bacterial community analysis. The candidate bacteria that were closely related with S. mutans abundance were identified and confirmed by absolute quantitative real-time PCR in clinical dental plaque samples from CF and SECC groups. Results Through in-depth analysis of dental plaque microorganism, Leptotrichia, Selenomonas and Prevotella_7 were found in the S. mutans-low group (p < 0.05) and Porphyromonas, Selenomonas_3 were found in the S. mutans-high group (p < 0.05). Through quantitative real-time PCR, Leptotrichia, Selenomonas and Prevotella_7 were identified as the potential biomarkers of SECC when S. mutans was at a low level. Conclusion Leptotrichia, Selenomonas and Prevotella_7 are identified as potential biomarkers in SECC with a low abundance or without S. mutans. Our study may shed light on the understanding of caries occurrence in SECC with low abundance of S. mutans. Abbreviations S. mutans, Streptococcus mutans; CF, caries-free; SECC, severe early childhood caries; ECC, early childhood caries; rRNA, ribosome RNA; qPCR, Quantitative real-time PCR; OTUs, operational taxonomic units; ANOVA, analysis of variance; LDA, Linear discriminant analysis; LEfSe, Linear discriminant analysis effect size; COG, Groups of proteins; NMDS, Non-MetricMulti-Dimensional Scaling; IL-1β, interleukin −1β; IL-6, interleukin-6; IL-8, interleukin-8; IL-10, interleukin-10.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yixin Zhang
- Central Laboratory Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Jiakun Fang
- Office of Operations Management, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Jingyi Yang
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaolei Gao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Liying Dong
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Xuan Zheng
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Liangjie Sun
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Xia
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Na Zhao
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Biomaterials Sciences, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zeyun Ma
- Department of VIP Service, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Yixiang Wang
- Central Laboratory Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Tu Y, Zhou Z, Shu C, Zhou Y, Zhou X. The Crosstalk Between Saliva Bacteria and Fungi in Early Childhood Caries. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:845738. [PMID: 35237536 PMCID: PMC8884336 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.845738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Early childhood caries (ECC) is the most prevalent oral disease in children, which greatly affects the quality of life and health condition of the patients. Although co-infection of oral streptococci and fungi has been well recognized in the development of ECC, the correlation between other core members of oral mycobiome and ECC progression remains unclear. In the current study, saliva samples obtained from severe ECC (SECC), ECC, and caries-free children were collected, and both V3–V4 16S rRNA and ITS1 rRNA gene amplicon sequencing were performed to investigate the salivary bacterial and fungal profiles. Significant alteration of salivary fungal community in SECC/ECC children was observed compared with the caries-free control. The typing analysis determined the fungal community into five fungal types, which influenced the structure of salivary bacteria. By performing Spearman correlation analysis, carious phenotypes were positively related to Fusobacterium but negatively linked to Neocosmospora, and a significant correlation of cross-kingdom taxonomic pairs was identified. Our work demonstrated the interactions between oral bacteria and fungi at the community level, which may advance our knowledge on the etiological role of bacteria/fungi in the development of ECC and promote better management of this disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ye Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhiyan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chang Shu
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Yuan Zhou, ; Xuedong Zhou,
| | - Xuedong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Yuan Zhou, ; Xuedong Zhou,
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Dame-Teixeira N, de Lima AKA, Do T, Stefani CM. Meta-Analysis Using NGS Data: The Veillonella Species in Dental Caries. FRONTIERS IN ORAL HEALTH 2022; 2:770917. [PMID: 35048071 PMCID: PMC8757819 DOI: 10.3389/froh.2021.770917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives: In light of recent technological advances in Next-generation sequencing (NGS) and the accumulation of large, publicly available oral microbiome datasets, the need for meta-analysing data on caries microbiome is becoming feasible and essential. A consensus on the identification of enriched organisms in cariogenic dysbiotic biofilms would be reached. For example, members of the Veillonella genus have been detected in caries biofilms, and may have an underestimated contribution to the dysbiotic process. Hence, we aimed to determine the abundance of Veillonella species in dental caries in studies using NGS data. Materials and Methods: Analysis was performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (registered at PROSPERO: CRD42020204150). Studies investigating microbial composition in saliva, dental biofilm, or carious dentin were included. Six databases and grey literature were searched. Two independent reviewers selected the papers and assessed the methodological quality. Results: Searches retrieved 1,323 titles, from which 38 studies were included in a qualitative synthesis, comprising a total of 1,374 caries and 745 caries-free individuals. Most studies analysed 16S rRNA amplicons, and only 5 studies used shotgun metagenomics and metatranscriptomics. A geographical bias was observed. The methodological quality was downrated in 81.5% of the studies due to the lack of criteria for defining cases and standard criteria used for measurement of the condition in a reliable way. Six studies on early childhood caries (ECC) were meta-analysed, confirming a significant enrichment of Veillonella spp. in caries-associated biofilms (but not saliva) when compared to caries-free controls [mean difference: 2.22 (0.54–3.90); p = 0.01]. Conclusions:Veillonella spp. is more abundant in individuals suffering with ECC when compared to caries-free controls (very low evidence certainty), and should be considered for further studies to observe their metabolism in dental caries. There is an urgent need for a consensus in methodologies used to allow for more rigorous comparison between NGS studies, particularly including clinical data and details of caries diagnosis, as they are currently scarce. Inconsistent reporting on the NGS data affected the cross-study comparison and the biological connexions of the relative abundances on caries microbiome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naile Dame-Teixeira
- Department of Dentistry, School of Health Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil.,Division of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | | | - Thuy Do
- Division of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Cristine Miron Stefani
- Department of Dentistry, School of Health Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Berezovsky B, Bencko V. Oral health in a context of public health: prevention-related issue. Cent Eur J Public Health 2022; 29:317-321. [PMID: 35026072 DOI: 10.21101/cejph.a6940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
This publication analyses current literary knowledge on selected topics in the fields of oral health and pathology, with a particular emphasis on the potential roles of the oral microbiome and preventative approaches to oral afflictions. An important association with floral dysbiosis has been documented in important oral conditions, sometimes as a predisposing factor and at other times as a result thereof. However, much remains to be elucidated regarding the specific mechanisms at play, as well as their meaning in clinical practice. Continued research into the pathophysiology of certain oral diseases is of particular importance considering how widespread they are. A specific emphasis should be placed on understanding the exact mechanisms through which the microbiota facilitates health, and when disturbed, sickness. And perhaps of most importance is the implementation of knowledge already acquired on disease prevention if the burden of oral diseases worldwide is to decline in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Betty Berezovsky
- Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimír Bencko
- Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Xue M, Wang Q, Zhang Y, Pang B, Yang M, Deng X, Zhang Z, Niu W. Factors Associated With Lower Respiratory Tract Infection Among Chinese Students Aged 6-14 Years. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:911591. [PMID: 35783299 PMCID: PMC9243225 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.911591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS We employed machine-learning methods to explore data from a large survey on students, with the goal of identifying and validating a thrifty panel of important factors associated with lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI). METHODS Cross-sectional cluster sampling was performed for a survey of students aged 6-14 years who attended primary or junior high school in Beijing within January, 2022. Data were collected via electronic questionnaires. Statistical analyses were completed using the PyCharm (Edition 2018.1 x64) and Python (Version 3.7.6). RESULTS Data from 11,308 students (5,527 girls and 5,781 boys) were analyzed, and 909 of them had LRTI with the prevalence of 8.01%. After a comprehensive evaluation, the Gaussian naive Bayes (gNB) algorithm outperformed the other machine-learning algorithms. The gNB algorithm had accuracy of 0.856, precision of 0.140, recall of 0.165, F1 score of 0.151, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) of 0.652. Using the optimal gNB algorithm, top five important factors, including age, rhinitis, sitting time, dental caries, and food or drug allergy, had decent prediction performance. In addition, the top five factors had prediction performance comparable to all factors modeled. For example, under the sequential deep-learning model, the accuracy and loss were separately gauged at 92.26 and 25.62% when incorporating the top five factors, and 92.22 and 25.52% when incorporating all factors. CONCLUSIONS Our findings showed the top five important factors modeled by gNB algorithm can sufficiently represent all involved factors in predicting LRTI risk among Chinese students aged 6-14 years.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mei Xue
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,Department of Pediatrics, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Qiong Wang
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,Department of Pediatrics, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yicheng Zhang
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,Department of Pediatrics, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Bo Pang
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,Department of Pediatrics, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Min Yang
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,Department of Pediatrics, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangling Deng
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,Department of Pediatrics, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhixin Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China.,International Medical Services, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wenquan Niu
- Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Pang L, Wang Y, Ye Y, Zhou Y, Zhi Q, Lin H. Metagenomic Analysis of Dental Plaque on Pit and Fissure Sites With and Without Caries Among Adolescents. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:740981. [PMID: 34778105 PMCID: PMC8579706 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.740981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Caries is one of the most prevalent infectious diseases worldwide and is driven by the dysbiosis of dental biofilms adhering to tooth surfaces. The pits and fissured surfaces are the most susceptible sites of caries. However, information on the taxonomic composition and functional characteristics of the plaque microbiota in the pit and fissure sites is very limited. This study aimed to use metagenomic sequencing analyses to investigate the relationship between the plaque microbiome in the pit and fissure site and caries in adolescents. A total of 20 adolescents with active pit and fissure surface caries were involved as well as 20 age-matched, caries-free teenagers for control tests. Plaque samples were collected from the pit and fissure site and were subjected to metagenomic analyses, in which the microbial communities were investigated. Our results showed that the microbiota diversity was similar between those two groups. At the species level, the relative abundances of A. gerencseriae, P. acidifaciens, P. multisaccharivorax, S. oralis, S. mutans, and P. denticolens were higher in the caries-active group. N. elongata, C. hominis, and A. johnsonii were relatively more abundant in the caries-free groups. Functional analysis suggested that the metabolic pathway was the most abundant pathway, and the functional traits of the level 2 pathways included amino acid metabolism, metabolism of cofactors, and vitamins and carbohydrate metabolism. Our results also revealed that the caries group displayed several alterations in metabolic pathways, including enriched functions in carbohydrate digestion and absorption. This study suggested that in addition to the specific anatomical structures of the pit and fissured surfaces, the fundamental differences in the plaque microbiome may also be related to the susceptibility of pit and fissure caries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liangyue Pang
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yinuo Wang
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yun Ye
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan Zhou
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qinghui Zhi
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huancai Lin
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Lin B, Li R, Handley TN, Wade JD, Li W, O’Brien-Simpson NM. Cationic Antimicrobial Peptides Are Leading the Way to Combat Oropathogenic Infections. ACS Infect Dis 2021; 7:2959-2970. [PMID: 34587737 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.1c00424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Oral dental infections are one of the most common diseases affecting humans, with caries and periodontal disease having the highest incidence. Caries and periodontal disease arise from infections caused by oral bacterial pathogens. Current misuse and overuse of antibiotic treatments have led to the development of antimicrobial resistance. However, recent studies have shown that cationic antimicrobial peptides are a promising family of antibacterial agents that are active against oral pathogenic bacteria and also possess less propensity for development of antimicrobial resistance. This timely Review has a focus on two primary subjects: (i) the oral bacterial pathogens associated with dental infections and (ii) the current development of antimicrobial peptides targeting oral pathogens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bruce Lin
- The Bio21 Institute of Molecular Science and Biotechnology, Melbourne Dental School, Centre for Oral Health Research, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Rong Li
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry & Pharmacology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Thomas N.G. Handley
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - John D. Wade
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
- School of Chemistry, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Wenyi Li
- The Bio21 Institute of Molecular Science and Biotechnology, Melbourne Dental School, Centre for Oral Health Research, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Neil M. O’Brien-Simpson
- The Bio21 Institute of Molecular Science and Biotechnology, Melbourne Dental School, Centre for Oral Health Research, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Wu TT, Xiao J, Sohn MB, Fiscella KA, Gilbert C, Grier A, Gill AL, Gill SR. Machine Learning Approach Identified Multi-Platform Factors for Caries Prediction in Child-Mother Dyads. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:727630. [PMID: 34490147 PMCID: PMC8417465 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.727630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Untreated tooth decays affect nearly one third of the world and is the most prevalent disease burden among children. The disease progression of tooth decay is multifactorial and involves a prolonged decrease in pH, resulting in the demineralization of tooth surfaces. Bacterial species that are capable of fermenting carbohydrates contribute to the demineralization process by the production of organic acids. The combined use of machine learning and 16s rRNA sequencing offers the potential to predict tooth decay by identifying the bacterial community that is present in an individual’s oral cavity. A few recent studies have demonstrated machine learning predictive modeling using 16s rRNA sequencing of oral samples, but they lack consideration of the multifactorial nature of tooth decay, as well as the role of fungal species within their models. Here, the oral microbiome of mother–child dyads (both healthy and caries-active) was used in combination with demographic–environmental factors and relevant fungal information to create a multifactorial machine learning model based on the LASSO-penalized logistic regression. For the children, not only were several bacterial species found to be caries-associated (Prevotella histicola, Streptococcus mutans, and Rothia muciloginosa) but also Candida detection and lower toothbrushing frequency were also caries-associated. Mothers enrolled in this study had a higher detection of S. mutans and Candida and a higher plaque index. This proof-of-concept study demonstrates the significant impact machine learning could have in prevention and diagnostic advancements for tooth decay, as well as the importance of considering fungal and demographic–environmental factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tong Tong Wu
- Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Jin Xiao
- Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Michael B Sohn
- Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Kevin A Fiscella
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Christie Gilbert
- Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Alex Grier
- Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Ann L Gill
- Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Steve R Gill
- Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Lee E, Park S, Um S, Kim S, Lee J, Jang J, Jeong HO, Shin J, Kang J, Lee S, Jeong T. Microbiome of Saliva and Plaque in Children According to Age and Dental Caries Experience. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:diagnostics11081324. [PMID: 34441259 PMCID: PMC8393408 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11081324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Dental caries are one of the chronic diseases caused by organic acids made from oral microbes. However, there was a lack of knowledge about the oral microbiome of Korean children. The aim of this study was to analyze the metagenome data of the oral microbiome obtained from Korean children and to discover bacteria highly related to dental caries with machine learning models. Saliva and plaque samples from 120 Korean children aged below 12 years were collected. Bacterial composition was identified using Illumina HiSeq sequencing based on the V3–V4 hypervariable region of the 16S rRNA gene. Ten major genera accounted for approximately 70% of the samples on average, including Streptococcus, Neisseria, Corynebacterium, and Fusobacterium. Differential abundant analyses revealed that Scardovia wiggsiae and Leptotrichia wadei were enriched in the caries samples, while Neisseria oralis was abundant in the non-caries samples of children aged below 6 years. The caries and non-caries samples of children aged 6–12 years were enriched in Streptococcus mutans and Corynebacterium durum, respectively. The machine learning models based on these differentially enriched taxa showed accuracies of up to 83%. These results confirmed significant alterations in the oral microbiome according to dental caries and age, and these differences can be used as diagnostic biomarkers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eungyung Lee
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Dental Research Institute, Pusan National University Dental Hospital, Yangsan 50612, Korea; (E.L.); (J.S.)
| | - Suhyun Park
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Information-Bio Convergence Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Korea; (S.P.); (S.K.); (J.L.); (J.J.); (H.-o.J.)
| | | | - Seunghoon Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Information-Bio Convergence Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Korea; (S.P.); (S.K.); (J.L.); (J.J.); (H.-o.J.)
| | - Jaewoong Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Information-Bio Convergence Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Korea; (S.P.); (S.K.); (J.L.); (J.J.); (H.-o.J.)
| | - Jinho Jang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Information-Bio Convergence Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Korea; (S.P.); (S.K.); (J.L.); (J.J.); (H.-o.J.)
| | - Hyoung-oh Jeong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Information-Bio Convergence Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Korea; (S.P.); (S.K.); (J.L.); (J.J.); (H.-o.J.)
| | - Jonghyun Shin
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Dental Research Institute, Pusan National University Dental Hospital, Yangsan 50612, Korea; (E.L.); (J.S.)
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Institute of Translational Dental Science, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea
| | - Jihoon Kang
- Helixco Inc., Ulsan 44919, Korea;
- Correspondence: (J.K.); (S.L.); (T.J.); Tel.: +82-52-262-0991 (J.K.); +82-52-217-2663 (S.L.); +82-55-360-5181 (T.J.)
| | - Semin Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Information-Bio Convergence Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Korea; (S.P.); (S.K.); (J.L.); (J.J.); (H.-o.J.)
- Correspondence: (J.K.); (S.L.); (T.J.); Tel.: +82-52-262-0991 (J.K.); +82-52-217-2663 (S.L.); +82-55-360-5181 (T.J.)
| | - Taesung Jeong
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Dental Research Institute, Pusan National University Dental Hospital, Yangsan 50612, Korea; (E.L.); (J.S.)
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Institute of Translational Dental Science, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea
- Correspondence: (J.K.); (S.L.); (T.J.); Tel.: +82-52-262-0991 (J.K.); +82-52-217-2663 (S.L.); +82-55-360-5181 (T.J.)
| |
Collapse
|