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Nguyen HH, Shinkuma S, Hayashi R, Katsumi T, Nishiguchi T, Natsuga K, Fujita Y, Abe R. New insight of itch mediators and proinflammatory cytokines in epidermolysis bullosa. JOURNAL OF CUTANEOUS IMMUNOLOGY AND ALLERGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/cia2.12230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hong Ha Nguyen
- Division of Dermatology Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Science Niigata Japan
| | - Satoru Shinkuma
- Division of Dermatology Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Science Niigata Japan
- Department of Dermatology Nara Medical University Kashihara Japan
| | - Ryota Hayashi
- Division of Dermatology Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Science Niigata Japan
| | - Tatsuya Katsumi
- Division of Dermatology Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Science Niigata Japan
| | - Tomoki Nishiguchi
- Division of Dermatology Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Science Niigata Japan
| | - Ken Natsuga
- Department of Dermatology Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine Hokkaido University Sapporo Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Fujita
- Department of Dermatology Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine Hokkaido University Sapporo Japan
- Department of Dermatology Sapporo City General Hospital Sapporo Japan
| | - Riichiro Abe
- Division of Dermatology Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Science Niigata Japan
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Filoni A, Cicco G, Cazzato G, Bosco A, Lospalluti L, Tucci M, Cimmino A, Foti C, Marzullo A, Bonamonte D. Immune Disregulation in Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Patients with Recessive Dystrophic Epidermolysis Bullosa: A Single Pilot Study. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12020213. [PMID: 35207500 PMCID: PMC8877121 DOI: 10.3390/life12020213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is one of the most devastating complications of recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (RDEB). We recently demonstrated a reduction in immune cell peritumoral infiltration in RDEB patients with cSCC, together with a reduction in CD3+, CD4+, CD68+ and CD20 lymphocytes as compared to primary and secondary cSCC in patients without RDEB. Recently, new molecules, such as high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), T cell immunoglobulin, mucin domain 3 (TIM-3) and Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), have been shown to play a role in antitumoral immunity. OBJECTIVE Patients with RDEB are known to be at increased risk of developing skin cancers, including the dreaded squamous cell carcinoma of the. Tendentially, cSCCs that arise in the context of EBDR are more aggressive and lead to statistically significant bad outcomes compared to cSCCs developed on the skin of patients without EBDR. In an attempt to study the microenvironment of these lesions, we conducted an immunohistochemical analysis study of proteins that could be actively involved in the genesis of this type of malignant neoplasms. METHODS In this retrospective study, the OH1-HMGB1-TIM3 activation axis, as correlated to the T lymphocytes cell count, was assessed in biopsy samples from 31 consecutive cases consisting of 12 RDEB patients with cSCC, 12 patients with primary cSCC and 7 RDEB patients with pseudoepitheliomatous cutaneous hyperplasia. Parametric Student's t-test was applied for normally distributed values, such as CD4+ and CD8+, and non-parametric Mann-Whitney test for non-normally distributed values, such as HMGB-1, TIM-3 and HO-1. RESULTS In RDEB patients with cSCC and with pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia, the expression of CD4 T helper lymphocytes was lower than in the peritumoral infiltrate found in primary cSCC. CD8 cytotoxic T lymphocytes were increased in primary cSCC compared to the other two groups. An increased HMGB1 expression was evident in both primary and RDEB cSCC. TIM3 expression was higher in RDEB patients with cSCC compared to the other two groups. A significantly reduced immunohistochemical expression of HO-1 was evident in the tumoral microenvironment of cSCC-RDEB as compared to primary cSCC. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that a reduced immune cell peritumoral infiltration in RDEB patients could be responsible, in the complexity of the mechanisms of carcinogenesis and host response, of the particular aggressiveness of the cSCC of RDEB patients, creating a substrate for greater local immunosuppression, which, potentially, can "open the doors" to development and eventual metastasis by this malignant neoplasm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Filoni
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Biomedical Science and Human Oncology (DIMO), University of Bari ‘Aldo Moro’, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70121 Bari, Italy; (G.C.); (A.B.); (L.L.); (C.F.); (D.B.)
- Section of Dermatology, Perrino Hospital, S.S.7, 72100 Brindisi, Italy
- Correspondence: (A.F.); (G.C.)
| | - Gerolamo Cicco
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Biomedical Science and Human Oncology (DIMO), University of Bari ‘Aldo Moro’, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70121 Bari, Italy; (G.C.); (A.B.); (L.L.); (C.F.); (D.B.)
| | - Gerardo Cazzato
- Section of Pathology, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (DETO), University of Bari ‘Aldo Moro’, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70121 Bari, Italy; (A.C.); (A.M.)
- Correspondence: (A.F.); (G.C.)
| | - Anna Bosco
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Biomedical Science and Human Oncology (DIMO), University of Bari ‘Aldo Moro’, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70121 Bari, Italy; (G.C.); (A.B.); (L.L.); (C.F.); (D.B.)
| | - Lucia Lospalluti
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Biomedical Science and Human Oncology (DIMO), University of Bari ‘Aldo Moro’, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70121 Bari, Italy; (G.C.); (A.B.); (L.L.); (C.F.); (D.B.)
| | - Marco Tucci
- Section of Medical Oncology, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Clinical Oncology (DIMO), University of Bari ‘Aldo Moro’, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70121 Bari, Italy;
| | - Antonietta Cimmino
- Section of Pathology, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (DETO), University of Bari ‘Aldo Moro’, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70121 Bari, Italy; (A.C.); (A.M.)
| | - Caterina Foti
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Biomedical Science and Human Oncology (DIMO), University of Bari ‘Aldo Moro’, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70121 Bari, Italy; (G.C.); (A.B.); (L.L.); (C.F.); (D.B.)
| | - Andrea Marzullo
- Section of Pathology, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (DETO), University of Bari ‘Aldo Moro’, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70121 Bari, Italy; (A.C.); (A.M.)
| | - Domenico Bonamonte
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Biomedical Science and Human Oncology (DIMO), University of Bari ‘Aldo Moro’, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70121 Bari, Italy; (G.C.); (A.B.); (L.L.); (C.F.); (D.B.)
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Evtushenko NA, Beilin AK, Kosykh AV, Vorotelyak EA, Gurskaya NG. Keratins as an Inflammation Trigger Point in Epidermolysis Bullosa Simplex. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222212446. [PMID: 34830328 PMCID: PMC8624175 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222212446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidermolysis bullosa simplex (EBS) is a group of inherited keratinopathies that, in most cases, arise due to mutations in keratins and lead to intraepidermal ruptures. The cellular pathology of most EBS subtypes is associated with the fragility of the intermediate filament network, cytolysis of the basal layer of the epidermis, or attenuation of hemidesmosomal/desmosomal components. Mutations in keratins 5/14 or in other genes that encode associated proteins induce structural disarrangements of different strengths depending on their locations in the genes. Keratin aggregates display impaired dynamics of assembly and diminished solubility and appear to be the trigger for endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress upon being phosphorylated by MAPKs. Global changes in cellular signaling mainly occur in cases of severe dominant EBS mutations. The spectrum of changes initiated by phosphorylation includes the inhibition of proteasome degradation, TNF-α signaling activation, deregulated proliferation, abnormal cell migration, and impaired adherence of keratinocytes. ER stress also leads to the release of proinflammatory danger-associated molecular pattern (DAMP) molecules, which enhance avalanche-like inflammation. Many instances of positive feedback in the course of cellular stress and the development of sterile inflammation led to systemic chronic inflammation in EBS. This highlights the role of keratin in the maintenance of epidermal and immune homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadezhda A. Evtushenko
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ostrovityanova 1, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (N.A.E.); (A.K.B.); (A.V.K.)
| | - Arkadii K. Beilin
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ostrovityanova 1, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (N.A.E.); (A.K.B.); (A.V.K.)
- Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology of Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova 26, 119334 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Anastasiya V. Kosykh
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ostrovityanova 1, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (N.A.E.); (A.K.B.); (A.V.K.)
| | - Ekaterina A. Vorotelyak
- Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology of Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova 26, 119334 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Nadya G. Gurskaya
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ostrovityanova 1, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (N.A.E.); (A.K.B.); (A.V.K.)
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Miklukho-Maklaya 16/10, 117997 Moscow, Russia
- Correspondence:
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Lee GH, Lekwuttikarn R, Tafoya E, Martin M, Sarin KY, Teng JM. Transcriptomic Repositioning Analysis Identifies mTOR Inhibitor as Potential Therapy for Epidermolysis Bullosa Simplex. J Invest Dermatol 2021; 142:382-389. [PMID: 34536484 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2021.07.170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Expression-based systematic drug repositioning has been explored to predict novel treatments for a number of skin disorders. In this study, we utilize this approach to identify, to our knowledge, previously unreported therapies for epidermolysis bullosa simplex (EBS). RNA sequencing analysis was performed on skin biopsies of acute blisters (<1 week old) (n = 9) and nonblistered epidermis (n = 11) obtained from 11 patients with EBS. Transcriptomic analysis of blistered epidermis in patients with EBS revealed a set of 1,276 genes dysregulated in EBS blisters. The IL-6, IL-8, and IL-10 pathways were upregulated in the epidermis from EBS. Consistent with this, predicted upstream regulators included TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, and mTOR. The 1,276 gene EBS blister signature was integrated with molecular signatures from cell lines treated with 2,423 drugs using the Connectivity Map CLUE platform. The mTOR inhibitors and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase inhibitors most opposed the EBS signature. To determine whether mTOR inhibitors could be used clinically in EBS, we conducted an independent pilot study of two patients with EBS treated with topical sirolimus for painful plantar keratoderma due to chronic blistering. Both individuals experienced marked clinical improvement and a notable reduction of keratoderma. In summary, a computational drug repositioning analysis successfully identified, to our knowledge, previously unreported targets in the treatment of EBS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gun Ho Lee
- Harvard Combined Dermatology Residency Training Program, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Dermatology, Stanford Medicine, Stanford University, Redwood City, California, USA
| | - Ramrada Lekwuttikarn
- Department of Dermatology, Stanford Medicine, Stanford University, Redwood City, California, USA; Division of Pediatric Dermatology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Elidia Tafoya
- Department of Dermatology, Stanford Medicine, Stanford University, Redwood City, California, USA
| | - Monica Martin
- Department of Dermatology, Stanford Medicine, Stanford University, Redwood City, California, USA
| | - Kavita Y Sarin
- Department of Dermatology, Stanford Medicine, Stanford University, Redwood City, California, USA
| | - Joyce M Teng
- Department of Dermatology, Stanford Medicine, Stanford University, Redwood City, California, USA.
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Niwamoto T, Handa T, Murase Y, Nakatsuka Y, Tanizawa K, Taguchi Y, Tomioka H, Tomii K, Kita H, Uyama M, Tsuchiya M, Emura M, Kawamura T, Arai N, Arita M, Uno K, Yoshizawa A, Uozumi R, Yamaguchi I, Matsuda F, Chin K, Hirai T. Cutaneous T-cell-attracting chemokine as a novel biomarker for predicting prognosis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: a prospective observational study. Respir Res 2021; 22:181. [PMID: 34158044 PMCID: PMC8218397 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-021-01779-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic, progressive fibrotic lung disease that leads to respiratory failure and death. Although there is a greater understanding of the etiology of this disease, accurately predicting the disease course in individual patients is still not possible. This study aimed to evaluate serum cytokines/chemokines as potential biomarkers that can predict outcomes in IPF patients. Methods A multi-institutional prospective two-stage discovery and validation design using two independent cohorts was adopted. For the discovery analysis, serum samples from 100 IPF patients and 32 healthy controls were examined using an unbiased, multiplex immunoassay of 48 cytokines/chemokines. The serum cytokine/chemokine values were compared between IPF patients and controls; the association between multiplex measurements and survival time was evaluated in IPF patients. In the validation analysis, the cytokines/chemokines identified in the discovery analysis were examined in serum samples from another 81 IPF patients to verify the ability of these cytokines/chemokines to predict survival. Immunohistochemical assessment of IPF-derived lung samples was also performed to determine where this novel biomarker is expressed. Results In the discovery cohort, 18 cytokines/chemokines were significantly elevated in sera from IPF patients compared with those from controls. Interleukin-1 receptor alpha (IL-1Rα), interleukin-8 (IL-8), macrophage inflammatory protein 1 alpha (MIP-1α), and cutaneous T-cell-attracting chemokine (CTACK) were associated with survival: IL-1Rα, hazard ratio (HR) = 1.04 per 10 units, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.01–1.07; IL-8, HR = 1.04, 95% CI 1.01–1.08; MIP-1α, HR = 1.19, 95% CI 1.00–1.36; and CTACK, HR = 1.12 per 100 units, 95% CI 1.02–1.21. A replication analysis was performed only for CTACK because others were previously reported to be potential biomarkers of interstitial lung diseases. In the validation cohort, CTACK was associated with survival: HR = 1.14 per 100 units, 95% CI 1.01–1.28. Immunohistochemistry revealed the expression of CTACK and CC chemokine receptor 10 (a ligand of CTACK) in airway and type II alveolar epithelial cells of IPF patients but not in those of controls. Conclusions CTACK is a novel prognostic biomarker of IPF. Trial registration None (because of no healthcare intervention) Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12931-021-01779-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takafumi Niwamoto
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 54 Shogoin Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Handa
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 54 Shogoin Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan. .,Department of Advanced Medicine for Respiratory Failure, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 54 Shogoin Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan.
| | - Yuko Murase
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 54 Shogoin Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Yoshinari Nakatsuka
- Department of Respiratory Care and Sleep Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 54 Shogoin Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Kiminobu Tanizawa
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 54 Shogoin Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Yoshio Taguchi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tenri Hospital, 200 Mishima-cho, Nara, 632-0015, Japan
| | - Hiromi Tomioka
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kobe City Medical Center West Hospital, 2-4 Ichiban-cho, Nagata-ku, Hyogo, 653-0013, Japan
| | - Keisuke Tomii
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, 2-1-1 Minatojimaminami-machi, Chuou-ku, Hyogo, 650-0047, Japan
| | - Hideo Kita
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Takatsuki Red Cross Hospital, 1-1-1 abuno, Osaka, 569-1045, Japan
| | - Michihiro Uyama
- Respiratory Disease Center, Kitano Hospital, Tazuke Kofukai Medical, Research Institute, 2-4-0 Ohgimachi, Kita-ku, Osaka, 530-8480, Japan
| | - Michiko Tsuchiya
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Otowa Hospital, 2 Otowachinji-cho, Yamashina-ku, Kyoto, 607-8062, Japan
| | - Masahito Emura
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kyoto City Hospital, 1-2 Mibuhigasitakada-cho, nakagyo-ku, Kyoto, 604-8845, Japan
| | - Tetsuji Kawamura
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Himeji Medical Center, 68 Hon-machi, Hyogo, 670-8520, Japan
| | - Naoki Arai
- National Hospital Organization Ibaraki Higashi National Hospital, Terunuma 825, Tokai, Ibaraki, 319-1113, Japan
| | - Machiko Arita
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ohara Healthcare Foundation, Kurashiki Central Hospital, 1-1-1 Miwa, Kurashiki, Okayama, 710-8602, Japan
| | - Kazuko Uno
- Louis Pasteur Center for Medical Research, 103-5 Tanakamonzen-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8225, Japan
| | - Akihiko Yoshizawa
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 54 Shogoin Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Ryuji Uozumi
- Department of Biomedical Statistics and Bioinformatics, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 54 Shogoin Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Izumi Yamaguchi
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 53 Shogoin Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Fumihiko Matsuda
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 53 Shogoin Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Kazuo Chin
- Department of Respiratory Care and Sleep Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 54 Shogoin Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Toyohiro Hirai
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 54 Shogoin Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
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A Review of Acquired Autoimmune Blistering Diseases in Inherited Epidermolysis Bullosa: Implications for the Future of Gene Therapy. Antibodies (Basel) 2021; 10:antib10020019. [PMID: 34067512 PMCID: PMC8161452 DOI: 10.3390/antib10020019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Gene therapy serves as a promising therapy in the pipeline for treatment of epidermolysis bullosa (EB). However, with great promise, the risk of autoimmunity must be considered. While EB is a group of inherited blistering disorders caused by mutations in various skin proteins, autoimmune blistering diseases (AIBD) have a similar clinical phenotype and are caused by autoantibodies targeting skin antigens. Often, AIBD and EB have the same protein targeted through antibody or mutation, respectively. Moreover, EB patients are also reported to carry anti-skin antibodies of questionable pathogenicity. It has been speculated that activation of autoimmunity is both a consequence and cause of further skin deterioration in EB due to a state of chronic inflammation. Herein, we review the factors that facilitate the initiation of autoimmune and inflammatory responses to help understand the pathogenesis and therapeutic implications of the overlap between EB and AIBD. These may also help explain whether corrections of highly immunogenic portions of protein through gene therapy confers a greater risk towards developing AIBD.
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Li B, Peng X, Li H, Chen F, Chen Y, Zhang Y, Le K. The performance of the alarmin HMGB1 in pediatric diseases: From lab to clinic. IMMUNITY INFLAMMATION AND DISEASE 2020; 9:8-30. [PMID: 33140586 PMCID: PMC7860603 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The ubiquitously expressed nonhistone nuclear protein high-mobility group box protein 1 (HMGB1) has different functions related to posttranslational modifications and cellular localization. In the nucleus, HMGB1 modulates gene transcription, replication and DNA repair as well as determines chromosomal architecture. When the post-transcriptional modified HMGB1 is released into the extracellular space, it triggers several physiological and pathological responses and initiates innate immunity through interacting with its reciprocal receptors (i.e., TLR4/2 and RAGE). The effect of HMGB1-mediated inflammatory activation on different systems has received increasing attention. HMGB1 is now considered to be an alarmin and participates in multiple inflammation-related diseases. In addition, HMGB1 also affects the occurrence and progression of tumors. However, most studies involving HMGB1 have been focused on adults or mature animals. Due to differences in disease characteristics between children and adults, it is necessary to clarify the role of HMGB1 in pediatric diseases. METHODS AND RESULTS Through systematic database retrieval, this review aimed to first elaborate the characteristics of HMGB1 under physiological and pathological conditions and then discuss the clinical significance of HMGB1 in the pediatric diseases according to different systems. CONCLUSIONS HMGB1 plays an important role in a variety of pediatric diseases and may be used as a diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target for new strategies for the prevention and treatment of pediatric diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Li
- Department of Cardiology, Children's Hospital of Hebei Province Affiliated to Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Xin Peng
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Affiliated Children's Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - He Li
- Department of Urology Surgery, Qilu Children's Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Fei Chen
- Department of Child Health Care, Qilu Children's Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yuxia Chen
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, and Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Medical Research in Cognitive Development and Learning and Memory Disorders, and Rehabilitation Centre, Children's Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, Yuzhong, China
| | - Yingqian Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Children's Hospital of Hebei Province Affiliated to Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Kai Le
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
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Alexeev V, Salas-Alanis JC, Palisson F, Mukhtarzada L, Fortuna G, Uitto J, South A, Igoucheva O. Pro-Inflammatory Chemokines and Cytokines Dominate the Blister Fluid Molecular Signature in Patients with Epidermolysis Bullosa and Affect Leukocyte and Stem Cell Migration. J Invest Dermatol 2017; 137:2298-2308. [PMID: 28736230 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2017.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2017] [Revised: 06/05/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Hereditary epidermolysis bullosa (EB) is associated with skin blistering and the development of chronic nonhealing wounds. Although clinical studies have shown that cell-based therapies improve wound healing, the recruitment of therapeutic cells to blistering skin and to more advanced skin lesions remains a challenge. Here, we analyzed cytokines and chemokines in blister fluids of patients affected by dystrophic, junctional, and simplex EB. Our analysis revealed high levels of CXCR1, CXCR2, CCR2, and CCR4 ligands, particularly dominant in dystrophic and junctional EB. In vitro migration assays demonstrated the preferential recruitment of CCR4+ lymphocytes and CXCR1+, CXCR2+, and CCR2+ myeloid cells toward EB-derived blister fluids. Immunophenotyping of skin-infiltrating leukocytes confirmed substantial infiltration of EB-affected skin with resting (CD45RA+) and activated (CD45RO+) T cells and CXCR2+ CD11b+ cells, many of which were identified as CD16b+ neutrophils. Our studies also showed that abundance of CXCR2 ligand in blister fluids also creates a favorable milieu for the recruitment of the CXCR2+ stem cells, as validated by in vitro and in-matrix migration assays. Collectively, this study identified several chemotactic pathways that control the recruitment of leukocytes to the EB-associated skin lesions. These chemotactic axes could be explored for the refinement of the cutaneous homing of the therapeutic stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vitali Alexeev
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Jefferson Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Julio Cesar Salas-Alanis
- Department of Basic Sciences, Health Sciences Division, University of Monterrey, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - Francis Palisson
- Facultad de Medicina, Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile
| | - Lila Mukhtarzada
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Jefferson Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Giulio Fortuna
- Department of Diagnostic Science, Louisiana State University School of Dentistry, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Jouni Uitto
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Jefferson Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Andrew South
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Jefferson Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Olga Igoucheva
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Jefferson Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
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