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Lim SN, Woon XR, Goh EC, Ng JC, Ang SY, Lim TJ, Allen PF. Accuracy of Dental Symptom Checker Web Application in the Singapore Military Population. Int Dent J 2024:S0020-6539(24)00199-0. [PMID: 39107150 DOI: 10.1016/j.identj.2024.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/09/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Symptom checkers (SCs) are virtual health aids to assist laypersons in self-assessing dental complaints. This study aimed to investigate the triage performance, clinical efficacy, and user-perceived utility of a prototype dental SC, Toothbuddy, in assessing unscheduled dental complaints in Singapore. METHODS A pilot trial was conducted amongst all unscheduled dental attendees to military dental facilities in Singapore from January to May 2023. The accuracy of Toothbuddy to tele-triage dental conditions into 3 categories-routine, urgent, and emergency-was determined. Based on the patient-reported symptoms input, clinical recommendations were provided to users for each category. Thereafter, all dental attendees were clinically assessed to determine the definitive category. Finally, a user questionnaire assessed the application's functionality and utility and the user's satisfaction. Sensitivity and specificity analyses were performed. RESULTS During the study, 588 patients with unscheduled dental visits presented. Of these cases, 275 (46.8%) were evaluated to be routine dental conditions for which treatment could be delayed or self-managed, 243 (41.3%) required urgent dental care, and 60 (10.2%) required emergency dental intervention. The accuracy of Toothbuddy in identifying the correct category was 79.6% (468/588). Sensitivity and specificity in categorising routine vs non-routine conditions were 94.5% (95% confidence interval, 92.0%-97.1%) and 74.0% (95% confidence interval, 68.8%-79.2%), respectively. The app was generally well received and rated highly. CONCLUSIONS Preliminary data suggest that Toothbuddy can perform accurate dental self-assessment for a suitable range of common dental concerns and this is a promising platform for virtual advice on spontaneous dental issues. Furthermore, dental facilities are typically not sized to handle the large volumes of unplanned dental visits that may occur in the military population. SC apps to self-manage or delay treatment without adversely affecting disease prognosis may preserve the limited bandwidth of dental facilities in providing acute care and managing true dental emergencies expediently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songping Nicholas Lim
- Division of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Dental Branch, Singapore Armed Forces Medical Corps, Singapore.
| | | | | | | | | | - Teong Joe Lim
- Dental Branch, Singapore Armed Forces Medical Corps, Singapore; Clover Dental (AMK Central) PTE, Ltd, Singapore
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Kargozar S, Jadidfard MP. Teledentistry accuracy for caries diagnosis: a systematic review of in-vivo studies using extra-oral photography methods. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:828. [PMID: 39039499 PMCID: PMC11265175 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04564-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dental caries is a global public health concern, and early detection is essential. Traditional methods, particularly visual examination, face access and cost challenges. Teledentistry, as an emerging technology, offers the possibility to overcome such barriers, and it must be given high priority for assessment to optimize the performance of oral healthcare systems. The aim of this study was to systematically review the literature evaluating the diagnostic accuracy of teledentistry using photographs taken by Digital Single Lens Reflex (DSLR) and smartphone cameras against visual clinical examination in either primary or permanent dentition. METHODS The review followed PRISMA-DTA guidelines, and the PubMed, Scopus, and Embase databases were searched through December 2022. Original in-vivo studies comparing dental caries diagnosis via images taken by DSLR or smartphone cameras with clinical examination were included. The QUADAS-2 was used to assess the risk of bias and concerns regarding applicability. Meta-analysis was not performed due to heterogeneity among the studies. Therefore, the data were analyzed narratively by the research team. RESULTS In the 19 studies included, the sensitivity and specificity ranged from 48 to 98.3% and from 83 to 100%, respectively. The variability in performance was attributed to factors such as study design and diagnostic criteria. Specific tooth surfaces and lesion stages must be considered when interpreting outcomes. Using smartphones for dental photography was common due to the convenience and accessibility of these devices. The employment of mid-level dental providers for remote screening yielded comparable results to those of dentists. Potential bias in patient selection was indicated, suggesting a need for improvements in study design. CONCLUSION The diagnostic accuracy of teledentistry for caries detection is comparable to that of traditional clinical examination. The findings establish teledentistry's effectiveness, particularly in lower income settings or areas with access problems. While the results of this review is promising, conducting several more rigorous studies with well-designed methodologies can fully validate the diagnostic accuracy of teledentistry for dental caries to make oral health care provision more efficient and equitable. REGISTRATION This study was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42023417437).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanaz Kargozar
- Department of Community Oral Health, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad-Pooyan Jadidfard
- Department of Community Oral Health, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Dental Research Center, Research Institute of Dental Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Goffin G, Carter N, Sari Widyarman A, Erri Astoeti T, Kabir Bulbul H, Puplampu P, Berrezouga L, Trong Hung H. Role of teledentistry in enabling improved oral care outcomes. Br Dent J 2024; 236:162-168. [PMID: 38332075 DOI: 10.1038/s41415-024-7055-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Nowadays, the link between oral health and general health is clearly understood and supported by many global bodies, including the World Health Organisation. Yet, oral diseases remain prevalent worldwide, necessitating a practical approach. This opinion paper seeks to clarify the role of teledentistry as an adjunct for improving oral health when access to oral care services is one of the major concerns.While prevention is the best option, many people lack regular oral care access, missing vital maintenance for mouth and body health. Limited evidence-based education further hinders effective oral hygiene routines. This holds true for remote/rural populations, low socioeconomic groups and individuals with physical/mental disabilities which could make visiting a dental practice more difficult.We examined recent teledentistry publications, highlighting outcomes and suggesting evidence-backed oral health guidance via tailored teledentistry models. Two virtual roundtables were conducted with a global working group experienced in teledentistry and dental access barriers. This panel was made up of representatives from the UK, Belgium, Vietnam, Indonesia, Bangladesh, Ghana and Tunisia.We conclude that teledentistry effectively aids dental referrals, early disease detection, treatment planning, compliance and viability, particularly in regions with limited dental access. The advantage of teledentistry lies in expanding the reach of care. Telehealth and teledentistry are value-driven, yet larger, standardised research is needed to fully harness the potential of teledentistry in bridging underserved populations with oral care experts, ultimately fostering optimal oral health. Education on the capabilities and benefits of teledentistry should become part of the curriculum of future dental professionals and broadly leveraged on continuing education platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guy Goffin
- King´s College London Dental Institute, Dental Innovation and Translation Hub, Centre for Oral, Clinical and Translational Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, Floor 17, Tower Wing, Guy´s Hospital, Great Maze Pound, London, SE1 9RT, UK.
| | - Nigel Carter
- Chief Executive, Oral Health Foundation, Smile House, 2 East Union Street, Rugby, CV22 6AJ, UK
| | | | - Tri Erri Astoeti
- Indonesian Dental Association (PDGI), Jl Utan Kayu Raya No. 5, RW. 5, Utan Kayu Utara, Kec. Matraman, Kota Jakarta Timur, Daerah Khusus Ibukota Jakarta 13120, Indonesia
| | - Humayun Kabir Bulbul
- Principal, Dhaka Dental College, Secretary General, Bangladesh Dental Society, Bangladesh
| | - Paapa Puplampu
- President, Ghana Dental Association, Okuja St, Accra, Ghana
| | - Latifa Berrezouga
- University of Monastir, BP 56 Avenue Taher Hadded, Monastir 5000, Tunisia
| | - Hoang Trong Hung
- Faculty of Odonto-Stomatology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
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Ashtiani GH, Sabbagh S, Moradi S, Azimi S, Ravaghi V. Diagnostic accuracy of tele-dentistry in screening children for dental caries by community health workers in a lower-middle-income country. Int J Paediatr Dent 2024. [PMID: 38196024 DOI: 10.1111/ipd.13157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tele-dentistry can be useful for dental caries screening of children, especially in lower-middle-income countries (LMICs). AIM To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of mobile phone photographs taken by a community health worker (CHW) for caries detection in Iran. DESIGN Children aged 6-12 years were visually examined by a paediatric dentist. Following dental examinations, intraoral photographs were taken by a trained CHW. Two remote dentists assessed intraoral photographs for dental caries. Diagnostic accuracy of tele-dentistry for caries detection was evaluated. In addition, the questionnaire about oral health and parents' views towards tele-dentistry was prepared. RESULTS One hundred thirty-one children aged 8.74 ± 1.62 years participated. The caries prevalence was 30% for the whole dentition. Tele-dentistry demonstrated high accuracy, with a sensitivity exceeding 80% and specificity exceeding 90%. The inter-rater reliability for remote dentists' assessments to the gold standard dental examination ranged from substantial to almost perfect (kappa: 75%-93%). Additionally, 80% of parents whose children participated in this study had positive views towards tele-dentistry. CONCLUSION Tele-dentistry was shown to be an alternative approach to clinical examinations for caries detection among school children. Employing non-dental care professionals in tele-dentistry has been emerged as a reliable and cost-effective approach, especially in LMICs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gelareh Haghi Ashtiani
- Institute of Dentistry, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Sedigheh Sabbagh
- Dental Materials Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Dental Research Center, Research Institute of Dental Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sara Moradi
- Department of Health Research Methods, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Somayyeh Azimi
- School of Human Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Vahid Ravaghi
- School of Dentistry, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
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Alshammari A, Almaktoom I. Teledentistry Awareness and Knowledge Among Dental Practitioners and Patients in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Clin Cosmet Investig Dent 2023; 15:321-331. [PMID: 38050576 PMCID: PMC10693765 DOI: 10.2147/ccide.s427142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Studies show that Teledentistry helps enhance communication between dental peers and patients and improves time management and education. The knowledge and awareness of Teledentistry levels need to be measured for a wider adaption. This study aimed to explore the knowledge and awareness of Teledentistry among dental practitioners and patients who live in Jeddah City, Saudi Arabia. Patients and Methods This study is a descriptive cross-sectional study with two participant groups. It uses five-point Likert-type quantitative, valid, and reliable questionnaires, one for dental providers and one for patients. The providers' questionnaire covers four domains: (1) Teledentistry system effectiveness to improve practice, (2) Teledentistry system usefulness for the dental practice, (3) Teledentistry system usefulness for patients, and (4) Concerns about confidentiality and security of Teledentistry. The patients' questionnaire covers two domains: (1) Patients who have previous experience in Teledentistry and (2) Patients who did not have previous experience in Teledentistry. The Institutional Review Board (IRB) approved this study and distributed it at teaching, governmental hospitals, and private dental clinics. Convenience and snowball sampling were used to collect responses. All consent forms have been collected from the participants. Results A total of 512 responses were collected using Google Forms, 203 from the dental healthcare provider and 309 from the patients. The collected data were coded and analyzed using Microsoft Excel and SPSS. More than 60% of dentists believe in the worth of Teledentistry, which helps patient education, monitors patients' conditions, and improves the services provided to patients in remote areas. Also, more than 70% of patients believe that Teledentistry can significantly save time and money, and more than half wish that Teledentistry be applied to all hospitals. Conclusion Dentists and patients generally showed optimism and support for the Teledentistry concept, in addition to how Teledentistry can be beneficial for both dentists and patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulwahhab Alshammari
- Health Informatics Department, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), Ministry of the National Guard-Health Affairs(MNGHA), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahem Almaktoom
- Health Informatics Department, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), Ministry of the National Guard-Health Affairs(MNGHA), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Azimi S, Fernando C, Estai M, Patel J, Silva D, Tennant M. Experience of primary caregivers in utilising an mHealth application for remote dental screening in preschool children. AUST HEALTH REV 2023; 47:545-552. [PMID: 37580061 DOI: 10.1071/ah23110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
Objectives This study aimed to address the acceptance of mHealth applications for a dental screening app that facilitates patient information entry and captures dental photos remotely to assist in caries diagnosis in preschool children in Australia. Methods All participants were recruited through the ORIGINS Project, a community-based interventional birth cohort study in Western Australia. Forty-two primary caregivers, who were the users of a teledental screening app, were given a questionnaire with 17 questions; these were constructed based on the theme of the Technology Acceptance Model: perceived ease of use (PE), perceived usefulness (PU), behavioural intention to adopt (BI), anxiety (ANX), attitude toward a behaviour (ATB), and self-efficacy (SE). Cronbach's alpha was estimated to determine internal consistency. Path analysis was employed to quantify the relationship between each theme. Results The mean values for most themes indicated high satisfaction with the intervention among caregivers (scores out of 5): PE (4.54 ± 0.55), PU (4.65 ± 0.49), BI (4.40 ± 0.65), ATB (4.23 ± 0.70), SE (4.36 ± 0.64). Results indicated high consistency in response in the PE, PU, ATB, and SE (α = 0.74-0.84) and moderate consistency was observed in ANX and BI (α = 0.50-0.62). The overall intention of using the dental screening app was significantly related to both PU and ATB (P Conclusion The perceived usefulness and attitude toward behaviours influenced the overall behavioural intention of the participants to use the telehealth model in dental screening. Recognising these relationships indicates community readiness for implementing the telehealth application in the dental program and enables identification of areas for improving its diffusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somayyeh Azimi
- School of Human Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Chrishan Fernando
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Curtin University, Building 405, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia
| | - Mohamed Estai
- School of Human Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia; and The Australian e-Health Research Centre, CSIRO, Kensington, WA, Australia
| | - Jilen Patel
- Dental School, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Desiree Silva
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia; and Joondalup Health Campus, Joondalup, WA, Australia; and Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Marc Tennant
- School of Human Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia; and School of Allied Health, University of Western Australia, Crawley, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
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Xiao J, Kopycka-Kedzierawski D, Ragusa P, Mendez Chagoya LA, Funkhouser K, Lischka T, Wu TT, Fiscella K, Kar KS, Al Jallad N, Rashwan N, Ren J, Meyerowitz C. Acceptance and Usability of an Innovative mDentistry eHygiene Model Amid the COVID-19 Pandemic Within the US National Dental Practice-Based Research Network: Mixed Methods Study. JMIR Hum Factors 2023; 10:e45418. [PMID: 37594795 PMCID: PMC10474507 DOI: 10.2196/45418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Amid the COVID-19 pandemic and other possible future infectious disease pandemics, dentistry needs to consider modified dental examination regimens that render quality care and ensure the safety of patients and dental health care personnel (DHCP). OBJECTIVE This study aims to assess the acceptance and usability of an innovative mDentistry eHygiene model amid the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS This pilot study used a 2-stage implementation design to assess 2 critical components of an innovative mDentistry eHygiene model: virtual hygiene examination (eHygiene) and patient self-taken intraoral images (SELFIE), within the National Dental Practice-Based Research Network. Mixed methods (quantitative and qualitative) were used to assess the acceptance and usability of the eHygiene model. RESULTS A total of 85 patients and 18 DHCP participated in the study. Overall, the eHygiene model was well accepted by patients (System Usability Scale [SUS] score: mean 70.0, SD 23.7) and moderately accepted by dentists (SUS score: mean 51.3, SD 15.9) and hygienists (SUS score: mean 57.1, SD 23.8). Dentists and patients had good communication during the eHygiene examination, as assessed using the Dentist-Patient Communication scale. In the SELFIE session, patients completed tasks with minimum challenges and obtained diagnostic intraoral photos. Patients and DHCP suggested that although eHygiene has the potential to improve oral health care services, it should be used selectively depending on patients' conditions. CONCLUSIONS The study results showed promise for the 2 components of the eHygiene model. eHygiene offers a complementary modality for oral health data collection and examination in dental offices, which would be particularly useful during an infectious disease outbreak. In addition, patients being able to capture critical oral health data in their home could facilitate dental treatment triage and oral health self-monitoring and potentially trigger oral health-promoting behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Xiao
- Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States
| | | | - Patricia Ragusa
- Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States
| | | | | | - Tamara Lischka
- Kaiser Permanente Center for Health Research, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Tong Tong Wu
- Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Kevin Fiscella
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Kumari Saswati Kar
- Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Nisreen Al Jallad
- Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Noha Rashwan
- Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Johana Ren
- River Campus, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Cyril Meyerowitz
- Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States
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Valizadeh-Haghi H, Valizadeh-Haghi S, Naslseraji N, Zandian H. Smartphone Photography as a Teledentistry Method to Evaluate Anterior Composite Restorations. Int J Dent 2023; 2023:3171140. [PMID: 37469491 PMCID: PMC10353899 DOI: 10.1155/2023/3171140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Today, teledentistry have gain more attention than past due to the advances in technology. The aim of this study was to compare the use of smartphone photography as a method in teledentistry with the face-to-face examination in the evaluation of anterior composite restorations. Materials and Methods In this study, photographs of 24 composite restorations in patients attended to the clinic of Ardabil Dental School were obtained using a smartphone without any additional equipment and sent by email to 10 remote observers. As a gold standard method, these restorations were evaluated by an experienced expert in restorative dentistry a face-to-face examination. In both methods FDI criteria were used to evaluate the restorations and classified them as acceptable or not. Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, and diagnostic accuracy of the photographic method relative to face-to-face method were calculated. Furthermore the Mann-Whitney U test was used to statistically compare the two methods in detail. Results The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of the smartphone photography method was 69.35%, 48.72%, 87.34%, and 23.75%, respectively. A diagnostic accuracy of 65.97% was obtained. Statistically, in overall the photographic method rated the restorations as better than they were in reality (face-to-face examination) (p = 0.002). Conclusions The diagnostic accuracy of the method of evaluating anterior composite restorations by smartphone photography was moderate and the use of this method in teledentistry, although was promising, needs to be improved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haleh Valizadeh-Haghi
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Safa Valizadeh-Haghi
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Nasim Naslseraji
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Hamed Zandian
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
- Centre for Public Health and Wellbeing, School of Health and Social Wellbeing, College of Health, Science and Society, University of the West of England, Bristol, UK
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Kayalar E, Küçükkurt B. Applications and effectiveness of teledentistry in orthodontic practice during the COVID-19 restrictions. J World Fed Orthod 2023:S2212-4438(23)00035-8. [PMID: 37179245 PMCID: PMC10174472 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejwf.2023.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to identify the areas of application for teledentistry and analyze its effectiveness in orthodontic practice during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS A total of 233 patients (159 women, 74 men) receiving orthodontic treatment were included. During the COVID-19 restriction period, patients were given teledentistry appointments. During these video conferences, remote orthodontic checkups were performed by one orthodontist, who asked the patients for photos or videos. The applications carried out during the interviews were recorded, classified, and analyzed. In addition, clinical emergency patients were identified. After the teledentistry consultations, two different questionnaires were presented to the patients, depending on their attendance at teledentistry appointments, and the results were statistically evaluated. RESULTS In all, 21.25% of the patients were identified as having clinical emergencies, including injury because of damage from brackets and wires; 10% of them reported bracket breakage; 17.5% were encouraged to use intermaxillary elastics; and 3.75% were in pain. However, 50% of them were found to be unproblematic. A total of 91% of the participants in the survey reported that online checkups were sufficient to understand and resolve their symptoms. However, 28% wanted to communicate with orthodontists by video call or with photos instead of meeting face to face (65.5%) when unexpected problems arose during the COVID-19 pandemic. CONCLUSIONS Teledentistry can be an effective method for motivating patients who are undergoing orthodontic treatments that require cooperation. It is also an effective way of understanding the patients' symptoms and reducing the risk of cross-infection by identifying patients who will require face-to-face emergency treatment during pandemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emre Kayalar
- Lecturer, Discipline of Orthodontics and Paediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Assistant Professor, Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul Aydin University, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Berkan Küçükkurt
- PhD Candidate, Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul Aydin University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Aktas N, Palaz ZH, Akal N. Teledentistry in pediatric dentistry: Postgraduate dental students' knowledge, practice, and attitudes. Digit Health 2023; 9:20552076231205285. [PMID: 37786404 PMCID: PMC10541737 DOI: 10.1177/20552076231205285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to investigate postgraduate pediatric dental students' knowledge, practice, and attitudes toward teledentistry and identify potential applications of this technology in pediatric dentistry. Methods An online questionnaire was sent to all students through Google Forms. The questionnaire included questions about socio-demographic information, knowledge, practice, and attitudes regarding teledentistry and the use of teledentistry during coronavirus disease 2019. Results Before the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, only 8.2% of students knew teledentistry. However, this increased to 45% after the pandemic, with differences depending on the student's clinical experience. Teledentistry was reported as useful for medicine taking, follow-up consultations, and diagnosing soft tissue problems. Conclusions Integrating teledentistry topics into the dental curriculum can increase awareness and adoption of this technology in pediatric dentistry. Dental students need to be aware of its potential applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nagehan Aktas
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Zeliha H Palaz
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Nese Akal
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
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Muacevic A, Adler JR, Bains R, Singh A, Manar M, Kumar A. The Efficacy of Dental Caries Telediagnosis Using Smartphone: A Diagnostic Study in Geriatric Patients. Cureus 2023; 15:e33256. [PMID: 36741615 PMCID: PMC9891317 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.33256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and aim The major barrier to oral health care for geriatrics is access to dental care. Teledentistry is the field of dentistry that uses telecommunication with digital imaging for the exchange of valid information for diagnosis, treatment, and continuing dental education, enabling some means of approach to oral health care. This study aimed to assess the accuracy of diagnosing dental caries in the older age group by examining intraoral photographs taken by smartphone camera compared with standard clinical dental examination. Methods and material A calibrated dentist examined 18 patients aged 60-75 for six variables: sound tooth, decayed tooth, filled tooth with and without caries, missing tooth, and the presence of prosthesis. Intraoral photographs of each patient were taken using a smartphone. The photographs were then sent to six different examiners through WhatsApp. The accuracy of the diagnosis was measured by applying Cohen's kappa, sensitivity, and specificity. Fleiss' kappa was used to measure the agreement index using the software R (R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria) version 4.2.1. Results The overall agreement between the tele-examiners and the control was measured, with the kappa scores ranging from 0.897 to 0.921, and the mean kappa score was 0.909. There was high specificity and sensitivity in the value observed. The agreement index, measured through Fleiss' kappa for six teeth conditions, reported the perfect agreement (0.867) among six examiners. Conclusions Under the limitations of the study, teledentistry using a mobile phone has acceptable accuracy for diagnosing caries in the older age group compared to a standard clinical dental examination.
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Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Antibiotic Prescribing by Dentists in Galicia, Spain: A Quasi-Experimental Approach. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11081018. [PMID: 36009887 PMCID: PMC9404831 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11081018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Antibiotic resistance is one of the most pressing public health problems. Health authorities, patients, and health professionals, including dentists, are all involved in its development. COVID-19 pandemic restrictions on dental care may have had repercussions on antibiotic prescribing by dentists. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on antibiotic prescribing by dentists, and to review antibiotic consumption according to the WHO Access, Watch, Reserve classification. We conducted a natural, before-and-after, quasi-experimental study, using antibiotic prescription data covering the period from January 2017 to May 2021. A segmented regression analysis with interrupted time series data was used to analyse the differences between the numbers of defined daily doses (DDD) of antibiotics prescribed monthly. The outcomes showed an immediate significant decrease in overall antibiotic prescribing by primary-care dentists during lockdown, followed by a non-significant upward trend for the next year. This same pattern was, likewise, observed for Access and Watch antibiotics. COVID-19 pandemic restrictions on dental care influenced the prescription of antibiotics. During confinement, an initial decrease was observed, this trend changed when in person consultations were recovered. It might be beneficial to analyse the prescription of antibiotics using the WHO AWaRe classification, in order to monitor their appropriate use.
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Awareness regarding Teledentistry among Dental Professionals in Malaysia. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:3750556. [PMID: 35909481 PMCID: PMC9328987 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3750556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Objective. Teledentistry is considered to be a technological advancement in providing dental care to patients while effectively addressing the time management. Furthermore, the pandemic of COVID-19 has been here for quite long now, forcing the dental practitioners to ponder upon other methods of healthcare delivery apart from the traditional in-office direct clinical examination. The aim of this study was to explore the perceptions of dental professionals of Malaysia regarding teledentistry, which can act as a future pedestal for improvements in virtual dental practice and patient care. Materials and Methods. It was a descriptive, cross-sectional study involving an electronic survey of a sample of dental professionals of Malaysia. A prevalidated, 26-item, 5-point Likert-scale questionnaire was used in assessing the perceptions of dental professionals regarding teledentistry in four domains: existing concerns about teledentistry use, the potential of teledentistry in improving practice, usefulness of teledentistry for dental practice, and its usefulness for patients. Statistical analyses involved descriptive statistics which included frequency distributions. Results. An overall response rate of 31.0% was observed with 310 dental practitioners participating in the survey. More than 60% of respondents agreed that teledentistry would benefit the dental practice through enhancement of communication with peers, guidance, and new patients’ referral. However, a substantial proportion of practitioners (70-80%) expressed uncertainty with accuracy of diagnosis, technical reliability, and privacy. Conclusion. Generally, the results of this study point towards the readiness of dental professionals of Malaysia to engage in teledentistry practice. However, further work needs to be done to assess the commercial feasibility of teledentistry, not only in Malaysia but also in other parts of the world. To start with, directed campaigns in reference to teledentistry are necessary to educate dentists and the public about the technology and its potential.
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Raja KP, Pal A, Nayak SU, Pai K, Shenoy R. Teledentistry: a new oral care delivery tool among Indian dental professionals - a questionnaire study. F1000Res 2022; 11:666. [PMID: 36249998 PMCID: PMC9471219 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.122058.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The sudden massive spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has led to a major public health emergency and changed the scene of the health care globally. During the COVID-19 pandemic, most dental treatment procedures were considered as major sources of infection transmission. Thus, the current survey aimed at evaluating knowledge, awareness and attitude of dental professional of India towards teledentistry. Methods: A pre structured questionnaire was framed and distributed among 600 dental professionals of India using email, WhatsApp and other social media modes. SPSS version 17 was used for data analysis. The Chi-Square, student t test and one way ANOVA test were applied to assess the association between qualification, type of practice and participant response. Logistic regression analysis was also carried out. Results: In total, 431 dental professionals completed the survey. Overall, 94.7% of dental professionals were aware about teledentistry and agreed it is useful in fulfilling needs of the community at great amount. A statistically significant difference was found for questions related to the application of teledentistry for all branches, whether it is a good tool to assess oral hygiene in remote areas and its usefulness in training in primary health care centre when comparison was done among dental professionals and specialist in different branches of dentistry. Conclusions: Within the limits of the study, findings show that study participants exhibited good knowledge and awareness regarding teledentistry. The participants exhibited positive attitude towards teledentistry but at the same time expressed the uncertainty in challenges which they may face in teledentistry. Lack of training, advanced infrastructure, good connectivity and network are main issues they were concerned about. The other important point of concern is many participants felt teledentistry cannot be applied for all branches of dentistry. Future research should focus on this aspect of teledentistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kishan Paul Raja
- Periodontology, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Mangalore Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Aindrila Pal
- Periodontology, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Mangalore Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Sangeeta Umesh Nayak
- Periodontology, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Mangalore Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Keshava Pai
- Psychiatry, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Karnataka, India
| | - Ramya Shenoy
- Public Health Dentistry, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Mangalore Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
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Ciardo A, Sonnenschein SK, Simon MM, Ruetters M, Spindler M, Ziegler P, Reccius I, Spies AN, Kykal J, Baumann EM, Fackler S, Büsch C, Kim TS. Remote assessment of DMFT and number of implants with intraoral digital photography in an elderly patient population – a comparative study. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0268360. [PMID: 35580131 PMCID: PMC9113588 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0268360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives
This comparative study aimed to evaluate intraoral digital photography (IODP) as assessment-tool for DMFT and number of implants (IMPL) compared to clinical diagnosis (CLIN) in an elderly population with high restorative status. Secondary research questions were whether an additional evaluation of panoramic radiographs (PAN-X) or raters’ clinical experience influence the agreement.
Methods
Fifty patients (70.98±7.60 years) were enrolled for standardized CLIN and IODP. The clinical reference examiner and ten blinded raters evaluated the photographs without and with a PAN-X regarding DMFT and IMPL. CLIN were used as reference standard and differences to IODP and IODP-PAN-X findings were analysed descriptively. To assess intra-rater agreement, pairwise Gwet’s AC1s of the three diagnostic methods CLIN, IODP and IODP+PAN-X were calculated.
Results
Compared to a DMFT of 22.10±3.75 (CLIN), blinded raters evaluated a DMFT of 21.54±3.40 (IODP) and 22.12±3.45 (IODP+PAN-X). Mean values for “Decayed” were 0.18±0.52 (CLIN), 0.45±0.46 (IODP) and 0.48±0.47 (IODP-PAN-X), while 11.02±5.97 (CLIN), 10.66±5.78 (IODP) and 10.93±5.91 (IODP+PAN-X) were determined for “Missing” and 10.90±5.61 (CLIN), 10.43±4.85 (IODP) and 10.71±5.11 (IODP+PAN-X) for “Filled”. IMPL were 0.78±2.04 (CLIN), 0.58±1.43 (IODP), 0.78±2.04 (IODP+PAN-X). Gwet’s AC1 using the mode of the blinded raters’ assessment of "Decayed", "Missing" and IMPL compared to CLIN ranged from 0.81 to 0.89 (IODP) and 0.87 to 1.00 (IODP+PAN-X), while for "Filled" and DMFT they were 0.29 and 0.36 (IODP) as well as 0.33 and 0.36 (IODP+PAN-X), respectively. Clinical experience did not influence the agreement.
Conclusions
Assessment of “Decayed”, “Missing” and IMPL by IODP showed almost perfect agreement, whereas of “Filled” and DMFT revealed fair to moderate agreement with clinical findings. Additional PAN-X-evaluation increased agreement compared to IODP-diagnostics alone. IODP for the assessment of DMFT and IMPL might be a suitable method in large-scale epidemiological studies, considering high agreement in total values and miscellaneous agreement at patient-level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Ciardo
- Section of Periodontology, Department of Conservative Dentistry, Clinic for Oral, Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Sarah K. Sonnenschein
- Section of Periodontology, Department of Conservative Dentistry, Clinic for Oral, Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marlinde M. Simon
- Section of Periodontology, Department of Conservative Dentistry, Clinic for Oral, Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Maurice Ruetters
- Section of Periodontology, Department of Conservative Dentistry, Clinic for Oral, Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marcia Spindler
- Section of Periodontology, Department of Conservative Dentistry, Clinic for Oral, Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Philipp Ziegler
- Section of Periodontology, Department of Conservative Dentistry, Clinic for Oral, Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ingvi Reccius
- Section of Periodontology, Department of Conservative Dentistry, Clinic for Oral, Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Alexander-Nicolaus Spies
- Section of Periodontology, Department of Conservative Dentistry, Clinic for Oral, Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jana Kykal
- Section of Periodontology, Department of Conservative Dentistry, Clinic for Oral, Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Clinic for Oral, Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Eva-Marie Baumann
- Section of Periodontology, Department of Conservative Dentistry, Clinic for Oral, Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Clinic for Oral, Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Susanne Fackler
- Section of Periodontology, Department of Conservative Dentistry, Clinic for Oral, Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christopher Büsch
- Institute of Medical Biometry, Ruprecht-Karls University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ti-Sun Kim
- Section of Periodontology, Department of Conservative Dentistry, Clinic for Oral, Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
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Soegyanto AI, Wimardhani YS, Maharani DA, Tennant M. Indonesian Dentists' Perception of the Use of Teledentistry. Int Dent J 2022; 72:674-681. [PMID: 35568528 PMCID: PMC9485514 DOI: 10.1016/j.identj.2022.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Teledentistry is the use of information and communication technology to provide dental services from distant locations. The use of teledentistry is highly beneficial in the COVID-19 pandemic era. Objective This study aimed to explore Indonesian dentists’ perceptions of the use of teledentistry in their daily practice and the benefits for patients. Methods This was a descriptive cross-sectional study comprising an electronic survey of Indonesian dentists. We used a cross-cultural, adapted questionnaire that consisted of 26 items and 5-point Likert scale questions that evaluated dentist perception in the following 4 domains: usefulness of teledentistry for dental practice, usefulness of teledentistry to improve practices, usefulness of teledentistry for patients, and dentists who had concerns about the use of teledentistry. Results A total of 652 dentists from 34 provinces in Indonesia participated in this study. The majority of respondents agreed about the usefulness of teledentistry in dental practice, especially for saving time, compared to referral letters (87%). Most respondents recognised the utility of teledentistry for improving dental practice and its benefits for patients. Nevertheless, most of the dentists had concerns about teledentistry in terms of digital forgery concern (74.2%) and technical incompatibility (71.8%). Conclusions Indonesian dentists reported their positive perception of the usefulness of teledentistry for improving dental practice and benefits for patients, although some concerns were still present. Further studies on the application of teledentistry in Indonesia are still needed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Diah Ayu Maharani
- Department of Preventive and Public Health Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Marc Tennant
- School of Human Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
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Chaudhary FA, Ahmad B, Javed MQ, Mustafa S, Fazal A, Javaid MM, Siddiqui AA, Alam MK, Ud Din S. Teledentistry awareness, its usefulness, and challenges among dental professionals in Pakistan and Saudi Arabia. Digit Health 2022; 8:20552076221089776. [PMID: 35355810 PMCID: PMC8958680 DOI: 10.1177/20552076221089776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study aims to describe the perception of dental professionals in Pakistan and Saudi Arabia (SA) towards the practice of teledentistry, its usefulness and challenges. Methods A cross-sectional study was carried out among 190 dentists from January 2021 to April 2021. The participants were included in the study using snowball sampling method. A 26-item adopted questionnaire was distributed using different social media channels. Chi-square test was used for analysis. Results Out of 190 participants, 46.3% were from Pakistan and 53.7% were from SA. The majority of participants in both countries agreed that teledentistry would enhance guidelines and advice (74.2%), improve peer-to-peer interaction (79.5%) and make patient's referrals more efficient (75.8%). For the usefulness, most participants agree that it is economical for the patients (61.1%), improves communication (74.7%), helps in educating the patients (86.3%), avoid unnecessary travel (76.8%), helps monitoring (71.6%), and benefits patients in remote areas (74.7%); however, more Pakistani participants perceived that time spent with the patient would increase compared to SA participants (p < 0.001) and a higher proportion of SA participants believe that it helps in communication and monitoring of patients (p < 0.001) than Pakistani participants. Regarding the challenges in the use of teledentistry, few participants think that it violates the patient's privacy (22.6%) or is difficult to use (14.7%) or have distrust towards the teledentistry equipment (24.2%). Conclusion The results indicated a high awareness and a positive attitude towards teledentistry, and its adaptation in their dental practice in both countries. However, limited infrastructure, set-up cost, and information technology (IT) literacy are the main challenges in integrating teledentistry which can be overcome by strategic government initiatives, policies, and programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farooq Ahmad Chaudhary
- School of Dentistry (SOD), Federal Medical Teaching Institution/PIMS, Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Medical University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Basaruddin Ahmad
- School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Qasim Javed
- Department of Conservative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Qassim University, Al-Qassim, Saudia Arabia
| | - Saeed Mustafa
- School of Dentistry (SOD), Federal Medical Teaching Institution/PIMS, Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Medical University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Ayesha Fazal
- School of Dentistry (SOD), Federal Medical Teaching Institution/PIMS, Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Medical University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Mohsin Javaid
- School of Dentistry (SOD), Federal Medical Teaching Institution/PIMS, Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Medical University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Ammar Ahmed Siddiqui
- College of Dentistry, Bakhtawar Amin Medical and Dental College, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Mohammad Khursheed Alam
- Preventive Dentistry Department, College of Dentistry, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shahab Ud Din
- School of Dentistry (SOD), Federal Medical Teaching Institution/PIMS, Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Medical University, Islamabad, Pakistan
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Hariyani N, Shanbhag N, Wijayati E, Prananta A, Setyowati D, Palupi R. Teledentistry and online referral system in Indonesian primary health care center during the COVID-19 pandemic: A narrative review. J Int Soc Prev Community Dent 2022; 12:385-392. [DOI: 10.4103/jispcd.jispcd_244_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Nassani MZ, Al-Maweri SA, AlSheddi A, Alomran A, Aldawsari MN, Aljubarah A, Almuhanna AM, Almutairi NM, Alsalhani AB, Noushad M. Teledentistry-Knowledge, Practice, and Attitudes of Dental Practitioners in Saudi Arabia: A Nationwide Web-Based Survey. Healthcare (Basel) 2021; 9:healthcare9121682. [PMID: 34946408 PMCID: PMC8701844 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare9121682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The present survey assessed the knowledge, attitudes, and practice of teledentistry (TD) among dental practitioners in Saudi Arabia. This questionnaire-based cross-sectional study was conducted with dental interns and practicing dentists in Saudi Arabia. An online questionnaire was sent to all potential respondents. Questions related to knowledge, practice, attitudes, and training regarding TD were presented. A total of 603 (227 dental interns, 376 practicing dentists) completed the questionnaire. Generally, the participants revealed poor knowledge and practice of TD, with only 38% having heard about TD and only one-quarter of the sample (23.2%) reporting practicing TD at their current workplace. However, most of the participants expressed positive attitudes and a willingness to practice TD in the future. Specialists and those in practice for >5 years showed significantly better knowledge and practice of TD than general dentists and those with lesser clinical experience (p < 0.01). While only one-fifth of the participants (20.2%) reported having attended a workshop/lecture about TD, the majority (69.7%) felt that they needed training on TD. The results revealed poor knowledge, practice, and training with regard to TD among practicing dentists in Saudi Arabia. However, the positive attitude expressed by most of the participants towards practicing TD in the future is an encouraging sign for dental educators and planners of oral health care. Continuous education through periodic workshops and training courses on TD is crucial to improve dentists’ knowledge, practice, and attitudes towards TD. Integration of TD topics into undergraduate/postgraduate curricula is highly recommended. Special attention should be directed to training general dental practitioners and junior dentists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Zakaria Nassani
- Department of Restorative and Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Dar Al Uloom University, Riyadh 13314, Saudi Arabia;
- Correspondence: or
| | | | - Abdullah AlSheddi
- Family Dentistry Resident, Vision College of Dentistry and Nursing, Vision Colleges, Riyadh 13226, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Ali Alomran
- Cham Dental Clinic, AlKhobar 32253, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.); (A.M.A.)
| | - Mohammed Nasser Aldawsari
- The Internship Program, Vision College of Dentistry and Nursing, Vision Colleges, Riyadh 13226, Saudi Arabia; (M.N.A.); (A.A.)
| | - Ahmed Aljubarah
- The Internship Program, Vision College of Dentistry and Nursing, Vision Colleges, Riyadh 13226, Saudi Arabia; (M.N.A.); (A.A.)
| | | | | | - Anas B. Alsalhani
- Department of Oral Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, Vision College of Dentistry and Nursing, Vision Colleges, Riyadh 13226, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohammed Noushad
- Department of Restorative and Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Dar Al Uloom University, Riyadh 13314, Saudi Arabia;
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Automated caries detection in vivo using a 3D intraoral scanner. Sci Rep 2021; 11:21276. [PMID: 34711853 PMCID: PMC8553860 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-00259-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of 3D intraoral scanners (IOS) and software that can support automated detection and objective monitoring of oral diseases such as caries, tooth wear or periodontal diseases, is increasingly receiving attention from researchers and industry. This study clinically validates an automated caries scoring system for occlusal caries detection and classification, previously defined for an IOS system featuring fluorescence (TRIOS 4, 3Shape TRIOS A/S, Denmark). Four algorithms (ALG1, ALG2, ALG3, ALG4) are assessed for the IOS; the first three are based only on fluorescence information, while ALG4 also takes into account the tooth color information. The diagnostic performance of these automated algorithms is compared with the diagnostic performance of the clinical visual examination, while histological assessment is used as reference. Additionally, possible differences between in vitro and in vivo diagnostic performance of the IOS system are investigated. The algorithms show comparable in vivo diagnostic performance to the visual examination with no significant difference in the area under the ROC curves (\documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$p>0.05$$\end{document}p>0.05). Only minor differences between their in vitro and in vivo diagnostic performance are noted but no significant differences in the area under the ROC curves, (\documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$p>0.05$$\end{document}p>0.05). This novel IOS system exhibits encouraging performance for clinical application on occlusal caries detection and classification. Different approaches can be investigated for possible optimization of the system.
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21
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Tan SHX, Lee CKJ, Yong CW, Ding YY. Scoping review: Facilitators and barriers in the adoption of teledentistry among older adults. Gerodontology 2021; 38:351-365. [PMID: 34523172 DOI: 10.1111/ger.12588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE/BACKGROUND Access to oral health care among older adults is a key issue in society, which has been exacerbated by social distancing measures and lockdowns during the COVID-19 pandemic. Older adults would greatly benefit from teledentistry, yet little information exists on the enablers and challenges of adopting this technology for use with this group. The aim of this scoping review is to summarise the applications and key factors associated with the adoption of teledentistry among older adults. MATERIALS AND METHODS This scoping review was developed in accordance with Arksey and O'Malley's five-stage framework and the Joanna Briggs Institute scoping review protocol guidelines. Publications on teledentistry involving direct clinical services for older adults aged 60 and above were included. Publications that focused solely on teleeducation were excluded. A systematic search was carried out on major electronic databases until 25 August 2020. Out of 1084 articles screened, 25 articles were included. Facilitators and barriers were categorised using the socio-ecological model. RESULTS/DISCUSSION Teleconsultation and telediagnosis were the most reported applications of teledentistry among older adults. Reported policy-level factors were data privacy issues (n = 7) and regulations (n = 17). Community-level facilitators and barriers included the availability of resources (n = 15) and support (n = 3). Familiar care settings (n = 2) and effective administration (n = 20) were key organisational-level factors. Staff attitudes and education (n = 23) and individual patient knowledge, attitudes and practices (n = 10) can influence teledentistry adoption while complex medical conditions (n = 8) may pose a challenge. CONCLUSION Key factors in the uptake of teledentistry among older adults span across policy, community, organisational, interpersonal and individual factors. Commonly reported barriers included technical issues, lack of funding, consent issues and cognitive impairments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon Hui Xuan Tan
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,School of Health and Social Sciences (Oral Health Therapy), Nanyang Polytechnic, Singapore, Singapore.,Policy Research and Evaluation Division, Ministry of Health, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Chee Weng Yong
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, National University Centre for Oral Health Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yew Yoong Ding
- Geriatric Education and Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Geriatric Medicine, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
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Thomas N, Kay E, Witton R, Quinn C. Comparison of a full arch digital photographic assessment of caries prevalence in 5-year-old children to an established visual assessment method: a cross-sectional study. BDJ Open 2021; 7:32. [PMID: 34433801 PMCID: PMC8387399 DOI: 10.1038/s41405-021-00087-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Digital epidemiology in dental disease screening has a number of advantages which warrant further exploration. Aim This study aimed to test the examination accuracy of digital images to evaluate child oral health by comparing the new method to a gold standard method. It also investigated the levels of diagnostic accuracy between different examiners, including dental care professionals and a lay examiner, when quantifying dental disease using images. Methods A calibrated dental examiner inspected forty 5-year-olds. In addition, three sets of digital images were taken per child. These images were assessed by six examiners. Sensitivity and specificity of caries diagnosis and inter-examiner reliability were calculated to compare the caries scores derived from examination of the images to those of the gold standard examinations. Results The mean values for sensitivity and specificity scores were 48.0% and 99.1%, respectively. The mean value for kappa showed moderate agreement between 0.43 and 0.73 (0.57). Mean values for agreement using intra-class coefficients were excellent (0.78) and good (0.73) for dt and dmft, respectively. No statistical difference in the validity of the caries scores was shown between the different image assessors. Conclusions These data demonstrate the feasibility of using digital images to screen child oral health and for nondental professionals to be recruited to carry out digital epidemiology for the oral health surveillance of children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Thomas
- Faculty of Health, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK.
| | - Elizabeth Kay
- Faculty of Health, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK
| | - Robert Witton
- Faculty of Health, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK
| | - Cath Quinn
- Faculty of Health, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK
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Giraudeau N, Duflos C, Moncayo C, Marin G, Baccino E, Martrille L, Inquimbert C. Teledentistry and forensic odontology: Cross-sectional observational comparative pilot study. Forensic Sci Int 2021; 326:110932. [PMID: 34343941 DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2021.110932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Forensic dentistry is the branch of forensic science concerned with the study of teeth and jaws. To facilitate the work of experts, new comparative identification tools are emerging, with digital techniques such as the intra-oral camera, which are revolutionising current techniques in forensic dentistry. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to evaluate the diagnostic quality of the post-mortem odontogram carried out remotely via a video of the oral cavity using an intra-oral camera. The gold standard is the post-mortem odontogram obtained via the standard identification technique during the clinical examination. MATERIALS AND METHODS 25 deceased patients were included in the study and the data were collected in the Forensic Medicine and Thanatology Department at the University Hospital of Montpellier. The protocol was divided into three stages: the gold standard consultation, the recording of videos with the Soprocare® camera, and the remote analysis of the images obtained. The gold standard consultation and the remote analysis were carried out by two separate dental surgeons responsible for completing a clinical file, used to establish the odontogram of the deceased patient. RESULTS The study was carried out on 25 deceased subjects, between 13 May and 12 June 2019. Our sample was composed of 68% men and 32% women. A sensitivity threshold of 0.97 was observed for the performance of the odontogram, i.e., for all the teeth actually present in the mouth for all subjects in the study, 97% of them were identified with the videos taken using the intraoral camera. The examination with the intra-oral camera demonstrated a good diagnostic performance in the detection of missing teeth with a PPV of 97.9% and a NPV of 98.2%. Practitioner became more skilled at recording the videos with the intra-oral camera. One can therefore note an ease in the handling of this digital tool, which gradually improved with the number of subjects included in the study CONCLUSIONS: The Soprocare® intraoral camera has an acceptable diagnostic validity in establishing the odontogram of the deceased. It enables fundamental elements to be detected with optimal efficiency. However, several points still need to be improved, in order to make the use of the camera during data collection as easy and efficient as possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Giraudeau
- CEPEL, UMR 5112, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France; Dental department, University Hospital of Montpellier, Univ Montpellier, Montpellier, France.
| | - C Duflos
- Service Clinical Research and Epidemiology Unit, Medical Information Department, CHU Montpellier, Univ Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - C Moncayo
- Dental department, University Hospital of Montpellier, Univ Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - G Marin
- Service Clinical Research and Epidemiology Unit, Medical Information Department, CHU Montpellier, Univ Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - E Baccino
- Forensic Medicine Unit, CHU de Montpellier, Univ Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - L Martrille
- Forensic Medicine Unit, CHU de Montpellier, Univ Montpellier, Montpellier, France; Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, EFS, ADES, Marseille, France
| | - C Inquimbert
- Dental department, University Hospital of Montpellier, Univ Montpellier, Montpellier, France; Systematic Health Care, EA 4129, University of Lyon 1, Lyon, France
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Pentti L, Kämppi A, Kukkola K, Mäkynen A, Kaikkonen V, Bulygin G, Molkoselkä E, Anttonen V, Tanner T. Can health kiosks be used to identify oral health care needs? A pilot study. Acta Odontol Scand 2021; 79:370-376. [PMID: 33378624 DOI: 10.1080/00016357.2020.1867765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate the reliability of digital imaging for detecting restorative treatment need among individuals in their 20s by comparing the outcome of digital imaging with clinical caries findings at the patient level. MATERIAL AND METHODS Five intraoral clinical daylight and digital fluorescence images were taken extraorally of 21 patients. A clinical examination was then performed by a trained and calibrated dentist. Additionally, the patients answered a multiple-choice questionnaire about their health habits. The images were analysed and caries findings were recorded. For statistical analysis, sensitivity and specificity were calculated. Results were shown as ROC curves and AUC values. All analyses were done using SPSS (version 24.0, Chicago, IL). RESULTS Caries lesions were most often detected in molars and least often in canines. When using the clinical status as gold standard, digital imaging gave an AUC value of 0.617, whereas the outcome by questionnaire gave an AUC value of 0.719. When using the combined outcome of digital imaging and the questionnaire, the AUC value was 0.694 with clinical validation. CONCLUSIONS It can be concluded that health kiosks may help to reduce the number of patients waiting for dental treatment; more specifically, the questionnaire with individual feedback may provide a new instrument for providing instructions for homecare online. However, the camera system must be developed further, and dentists and dental hygienists require training to analyse the images.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Pentti
- Research Unit of Oral Health Sciences, Department of Cariology, Endodontology and Paediatric Dentistry, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Antti Kämppi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Katri Kukkola
- Optoelectronics and Measurement Techniques Unit, Faculty of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Anssi Mäkynen
- Optoelectronics and Measurement Techniques Unit, Faculty of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Ville Kaikkonen
- Optoelectronics and Measurement Techniques Unit, Faculty of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Gleb Bulygin
- Optoelectronics and Measurement Techniques Unit, Faculty of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Eero Molkoselkä
- Optoelectronics and Measurement Techniques Unit, Faculty of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Vuokko Anttonen
- Research Unit of Oral Health Sciences, Department of Cariology, Endodontology and Paediatric Dentistry, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Tarja Tanner
- Research Unit of Oral Health Sciences, Department of Cariology, Endodontology and Paediatric Dentistry, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
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Davies A, Howells R, Lee SMG, Sweet CJ, Dominguez-Gonzalez S. Implementation of photographic triage in a paediatric dental, orthodontic, and maxillofacial department during COVID-19. Int J Paediatr Dent 2021; 31:547-553. [PMID: 33369779 DOI: 10.1111/ipd.12773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 12/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND During the COVID-19 pandemic, limitations were placed on face-to-face encounters in dentistry and oral and maxillofacial surgery (OMFS) in order to promote physical distancing and reduce viral propagation. To facilitate continued assessment of dental, orthodontic, and maxillofacial emergencies, a photographic triage system was initiated at Alder Hey Children's Hospital (AHCH). We will discuss the benefits this system offers at a patient, clinician, departmental, and NHS service level. AIM To share our experience of photographic triage during the first 3 months of COVID-19 lockdown, lessons learned, and recommendations. DESIGN Prospective data collection over 3 months. RESULTS 220 photographic referrals were received, and swelling (30%) and dental trauma (27%) were the most common presenting complaints. 57% of referrals were not seen, 23% were seen semi-urgently, and 20% booked for outpatient review. Of those seen, 7 children were seen elsewhere and 44 were seen face-to-face at AHCH, with 8 being admitted. CONCLUSION Photographic triage reduced physical encounters and proved useful in training junior staff, assessment of new patient referrals, and first on-call from home. Implementation should be considered throughout dental, orthodontic, and OMFS departments nationwide. In the event of a COVID-19 resurgence or emergence of a new pandemic, photographic triage could facilitate physical distancing and service provision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Davies
- Alder Hey Children's Hospital, Liverpool, UK
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Fernández CE, Maturana CA, Coloma SI, Carrasco-Labra A, Giacaman RA. Teledentistry and mHealth for Promotion and Prevention of Oral Health: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. J Dent Res 2021; 100:914-927. [PMID: 33769123 DOI: 10.1177/00220345211003828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The dental profession has experienced a dramatic acceleration in the use of communication systems and information-based technologies over recent years, originating new paradigms for the prevention and promotion of oral health. The purpose of this systematic review was to determine the effect of teledentistry-based (telematic) strategies, reported in randomized controlled trials and quasi-randomized trials, with a focus on oral health prevention and promotion-related outcomes in patients of all ages. We searched Medline via PubMed, SCOPUS, and Web of Science from inception until August 2020, regardless of the language of publication. We selected studies for inclusion and conducted data extraction, assessed risk of bias (Cochrane tool), and evaluated the certainty of the evidence (GRADE approach) in duplicate and independently. Out of 898 potentially eligible references, we selected 43 for full-text screening, of which 19 studies proved eligible: 18 randomized controlled trials and 1 quasi-randomized study. Virtual interventions were mostly asynchronous via apps (n = 9), text messages (n = 9), or computer-aided learning (n = 1). The use of teledentistry as compared with conventional strategies may result in a large reduction in the plaque index (standardized mean difference, -1.18; 95% CI, -1.54 to -0.82; I2 = 92%; low certainty) and will likely result in a large reduction in the gingival index (standardized mean difference, -2.17; 95% CI, -3.15 to -1.19; I2 = 97%; moderate certainty) and in the incidence of white spot lesions (risk ratio, 0.48; 95% CI, 0.35 to 0.66; I2 = 0%; moderate certainty), with an increased effect over time. Evidence suggests that teledentistry, particularly mHealth (messages and apps), is a promising clinical tool for preventing and promoting oral health, especially under the accelerated virtualization of dentistry. Future studies should include a broader spectrum of the population, including adults and elders, to better inform policy and implementation of teledentistry (PROSPERO: CRD42020192685).
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Affiliation(s)
- C E Fernández
- Cariology Unit, Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - C A Maturana
- Cariology Unit, Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - S I Coloma
- Cariology Unit, Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - A Carrasco-Labra
- Department of Evidence Synthesis and Translation Research, Science and Research Institute, American Dental Association, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Health Science, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - R A Giacaman
- Cariology Unit, Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Talca, Talca, Chile
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Detection of Dental Caries and Cracks with Quantitative Light-Induced Fluorescence in Comparison to Radiographic and Visual Examination: A Retrospective Case Study. SENSORS 2021; 21:s21051741. [PMID: 33802443 PMCID: PMC7959286 DOI: 10.3390/s21051741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to present an optimal diagnostic protocol by comparing and analyzing a conventional examination and the quantitative light-induced fluorescence (QLF) technique. Selected were 297 teeth of 153 patients to take QLF images and bitewing radiographs. Occlusal dental caries, proximal dental caries and cracks were evaluated and scored using QLF, X-ray and/or visual criteria. The sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve (AUC) of a receiver operating characteristic analysis were calculated. Two fluorescence parameters (|ΔFmax| and ΔRmax) were utilized to evaluate the fluorescence pattern according to the severity of lesions based on QLF or X-ray criteria. QLF showed higher scores for detecting occlusal dental caries and cracks than the conventional method. ΔRmax increased more clearly than ΔFmax did with occlusal dental caries. The |ΔFmax| values of occlusal dental caries, proximal dental caries and cracks showed good AUC levels (0.84, 0.81 and 0.83, respectively). The ΔRmax of occlusal dental caries showed the highest AUC (0.91) and the ΔRmax of proximal dental caries showed a fail level (0.59) compared to bitewing radiographs. The QLF image could visualize and estimate the degree of occlusal dental caries or cracks. Consequently, the QLF technique may be an adjunct tool to conventional methods for the detection of occlusal caries and peripheral cracks.
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Plaza-Ruíz SP, Barbosa-Liz DM, Agudelo-Suárez AA. Impact of COVID-19 on the Knowledge and Attitudes of Dentists toward Teledentistry. JDR Clin Trans Res 2021; 6:268-278. [PMID: 33632011 DOI: 10.1177/2380084421998632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has created a new scenario for dental practice, and teledentistry (TD) is a field of relevance for dentists. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the knowledge, practices, and expectations of dentists toward TD and its association with sociodemographic variables. METHODS A cross-sectional survey was administered to dentists in Colombia as part of global research on the impact of COVID-19 on dentistry. The core questionnaire included 5 additional questions on TD that were added by the Colombian research team in 5 domains about TD: Q1, knowledge; Q2, practices; Q3, expectations; Q4, usefulness; and Q5, reimbursement. Sociodemographic variables were also measured. The questionnaire was validated in a pilot test and administered via digital media. Descriptive and bivariate analysis for sociodemographic and TD variables were done. For the evaluation of the chances of a determined answer, an ordinal multinomial logistic regression (Q1 and Q2) and binomial logistic regression (Q3 and Q5) analyses were made. RESULTS In total, 5,370 dentists answered the survey (women: 3,878; mean age: 45 y). The response rate of the survey was 16.84%. Knowledge and practice of TD before the COVID-19 pandemic were both low (25.75% and 12.42%, respectively); however, since the beginning of the current pandemic, knowledge increased by 62.72% and practice by 42.53%. Some 93.1% of respondents considered that TD could be useful in their clinical practice, and 59.55% would consider practicing it after the pandemic. A high number of dentists (88.58%) did not charge for these services. Logistic regressions showed significant differences according to sociodemographic variables. CONCLUSIONS The COVID-19 pandemic has had a great impact on TD, increasing knowledge and practice significantly. Dentists expect to continue practicing TD in the future. However, some geographical, technological, and attitudinal barriers need to be broken down to increase daily use of TD. KNOWLEDGE TRANSFER STATEMENT This article provides an overview about the impact of COVID-19 pandemic in the knowledge and attitudes about teledentistry (TD) in general dentists and both clinical and nonclinical specialists. Although some barriers to the use of TD continue, this pandemic brought with it a new scenario for dental practice, which must be implemented through training for professionals to increase its use.
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Affiliation(s)
- S P Plaza-Ruíz
- Orthodontic Postgraduate Program, Faculty of Dentistry, Fundación Universitaria CIEO-UniCIEO, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - D M Barbosa-Liz
- Orthodontic Postgraduate Program, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Antioquia, Medellin, Colombia
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Surdu S, Langelier M. Teledentistry: Increasing utilisation of oral-health services for children in rural areas. J Telemed Telecare 2020; 29:41-49. [DOI: 10.1177/1357633x20965425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Introduction The objective of this study was to evaluate factors influencing utilisation of follow-up oral-health services in general dentistry clinics among children subsequent to a teledentistry consultation and treatment with a paediatric dental specialist. Methods Conducted in 2017, the study included 144 children living in rural upstate New York who experienced a teledentistry consultation in 2015–2016 at one of several local general dentistry clinics. A remotely located paediatric dental specialist provided consultation services in the teledentistry visit and treatment services in the specialty dental clinic. Associations between follow-up services at the general dentistry clinics and patients’ characteristics, specialty treatment recommendations, case-management services, timeliness of treatments and travel distances were evaluated. Results The study results indicated that most children completed a treatment plan (97.2%) at the specialty clinic and subsequently accessed follow-up oral-health services at one of the local general dentistry clinics (77.1%) where teledentistry services were provided. Children’s utilisation of follow-up services in general dentistry clinics was associated with a shorter time to specialty treatment ( p = 0.013) and fewer case-management contacts ( p = 0.004). Children who had a longer time to treatment initiation ( p < 0.001) or completion ( p = 0.043) required significantly more case-management services than other children. Discussion The study found that case severity and compliance with treatment were predictors of utilisation of oral-health services in general dentistry clinics. An additional finding was that case-management interventions were important in facilitating specialty dental care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Surdu
- Center for Health Workforce Studies, School of Public Health, University at Albany, State University of New York, USA
| | - Margaret Langelier
- Center for Health Workforce Studies, School of Public Health, University at Albany, State University of New York, USA
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Al-Khalifa KS, AlSheikh R. Teledentistry awareness among dental professionals in Saudi Arabia. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0240825. [PMID: 33057381 PMCID: PMC7561132 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0240825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Teledentistry is believed to improve dentalcare provided to patients and time management efficiency. In addition, teledentistry can be a useful tool for peer education, consultations and ensures proper channeling for referrals. Objective This study aimed to explore Saudi Arabian dental professionals' perceptions of teledentistry's benefits in improving dental practice and patient care. Methods A descriptive cross-sectional study involving an electronic survey of a sample of Saudi Arabian dental professionals. A validated 26-item, 5-point Likert-scale questionnaire was used to assess perceptions of dental professionals in four domains: usefulness of teledentistry for patients, the usefulness of teledentistry for dental practice; the potential of teledentistry to improve practice; and existing concerns about the use of teledentistry. Statistical analyses involved descriptive statistics, bivariate analysis using SPSS software. Significant differences were considered at a p-value of 0.05. Results With an overall response rate of 28.6%, 286 dental professionals participated in the study. More than 70% of respondents agreed or strongly agreed that teledentistry would improve dental practice through enhancing communication with peers, guidance and referral of new patients. A substantial proportion of respondents (60–70%) expressed uncertainty with technical reliability, privacy and diagnostic accuracy. The participants' qualification was statistically significant with usefulness of teledentistry for patients (p = 0.027), while work experience in years was statistically significant with both usefulness of teledentistry for dental practice and patients (p = 0.046 and <0.0001 respectively). Conclusion Generally, the feedback gained by this study showed readiness of the dental professionals to be engaged in the teledentistry approach. Further investigation of the business model of teledentistry is needed to understand the readiness and challenges. Directed campaign to educate dentists and the public of the technology and it is potential is necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalifa S. Al-Khalifa
- Preventive Dental Sciences Department, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
- * E-mail:
| | - Rasha AlSheikh
- Restorative Dental Sciences Department, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
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31
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Aboalshamat KT. Awareness of, Beliefs about, Practices of, and Barriers to Teledentistry among Dental Students and the Implications for Saudi Arabia Vision 2030 and Coronavirus Pandemic. J Int Soc Prev Community Dent 2020; 10:431-437. [PMID: 33042884 PMCID: PMC7523925 DOI: 10.4103/jispcd.jispcd_183_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Saudi Arabia launched multiple initiatives to overcome the problem of health-care access. The recent coronavirus pandemic created urgent demand to deal with the problem using nonconventional venues such as telehealth and teledentistry. This study aimed to investigate teledentistry knowledge, attitudes, and practices, and barriers to its use among dental students and teaching staff in Makkah province, Saudi Arabia. Materials and Methods: A total of 314 dental students participated in this cross-sectional study. Data were collected using a validated self-reported questionnaire to measure teledentistry awareness, attitude, practices, and barriers to teledentistry. The study was approved by Umm Al-Qura University, Saudi Arabia. Results: Only 17.2% were aware of the term “teledentistry.” However, after it was explained, participants were able to correctly answer 25.16%–62.42% of items about teledentistry. A total of 67.83% would practice teledentistry, and 70.7% support using teledentistry on a national scale for Vision 2030. Only 25.16% used teledentistry before, but 56.05% did dental consultations via smartphone. The most common barriers were patient satisfaction requiring a dentist’s physical presence, violation of patient privacy, and low levels of population education. Conclusion: Dental students seem to know little about teledentistry. However, they are open to learning and using it. It is encouraged to include the topic in continuing dental education, including how to use it during health disasters such as the coronavirus pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalid T Aboalshamat
- Dental Public Health Division, Department of Preventative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Head of Medicine and Medical Science Research Center, Deanship of Scientific Research, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
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Alabdullah JH, Van Lunen BL, Claiborne DM, Daniel SJ, Yen CJ, Gustin TS. Application of the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology model to predict dental students' behavioral intention to use teledentistry. J Dent Educ 2020; 84:1262-1269. [PMID: 32705688 DOI: 10.1002/jdd.12304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Teledentistry is an innovative technology that can be used to improve access to care and oral health outcomes. Dental students' intention to use teledentistry after completing dental school has not been investigated. PURPOSE The unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT) was used to predict intentions to use teledentistry among 4th-year U.S. dental students. METHODS A cross-sectional approach was performed for a 7-week period in Spring 2019. All U.S. dental schools (N = 66) were invited to participate and 16 schools agreed to participate. An anonymous survey link was emailed to academic deans for dissemination to students. A total of 1416 4th-year dental students received the anonymous survey link and 210 students completed the survey (response rate = 14.8%). The survey included questions and scales that measured the UTAUT constructs of performance expectancy (PE), effort expectancy (EE), social influence (SI), facilitating conditions (FC), and behavioral intentions (BI). Data were analyzed using SPSS version 24. The study was deemed exempt by institutional review board. RESULTS The dental students' BI to use teledentistry was significantly predicted by PE (R2 = 33%, P < 0.01), EE (R2 = 24%, P < 0.01), SI (R2 = 24%, P < 0.01), and FC (R2 = 14%, P < 0.01). The UTAUT model was statistically significant in predicting the BI and explained 40% of BI variance (R2 = .40, P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Dental students' perceptions about PE, EE, SI, and FC were associated with BI. Therefore, exposure to teledentistry while in dental school could increase the likelihood of use as a practicing provider.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jafar H Alabdullah
- Health Services Research Department, School of Health Sciences, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia, USA
| | - Bonnie L Van Lunen
- College of the Health Sciences, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia, USA
| | - Denise M Claiborne
- Gene W. Hirschfeld School of Dental Hygiene, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia, USA
| | - Susan J Daniel
- Department of Periodontology at College of Dentistry, Memphis, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Tennessee, USA
| | - Cherng-Jyh Yen
- Department of Educational Foundations and Leadership, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia, USA
| | - Tina S Gustin
- School of Nursing, College of Health Sciences, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia, USA
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Estai M, Kanagasingam Y, Mehdizadeh M, Vignarajan J, Norman R, Huang B, Spallek H, Irving M, Arora A, Kruger E, Tennant M. Teledentistry as a novel pathway to improve dental health in school children: a research protocol for a randomised controlled trial. BMC Oral Health 2020; 20:11. [PMID: 31937284 PMCID: PMC6961289 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-019-0992-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite great improvement in child oral health, some children subgroups still suffer from higher levels of dental caries. Geographic and socioeconomic barriers and the lack of access to dental care services are among common reasons for poor oral health in children. Historically in Australia, oral health therapists or dental therapists have been responsible for providing dental care for school children through the School Dental Services (SDS). The current SDS has been unable to provide sustainable dental care to all school children due to a reduction in workforce participation and limited resources. We propose a paradigm shift in the current service through the introduction of user-friendly technology to provide a foundation for sustainable dental care for school children. METHODS/DESIGN We describe an ongoing parallel, two-armed, non-inferiority randomised controlled trial that compares routine and teledental pathway of dental care in children aged 4-15 years (n = 250). Participating schools in Western Australia will be randomly assigned to the control or teledental group, approximately three schools in each group with a maximum of 45 children in each school. All participants will first receive a standard dental examination to identify those who require urgent referrals and then their teeth will be photographed using a smartphone camera. At the baseline, children in the control group will receive screening results and advice on the pathway of dental care based on the visual dental screening while children in the teledental group will receive screening results based on the assessment of dental images. At 9 months follow-up, all participants will undergo a final visual dental screening. The primary outcomes include decay experience and proportion of children become caries active. The secondary outcomes include the diagnostic performance of photographic dental assessment and costs comparison of two pathways of dental care. DISCUSSION The current project seeks to take advantage of mobile technology to acquire dental images from a child's mouth at school settings and forwarding images electronically to an offsite dental practitioner to assess and prepare dental recommendations remotely. Such an approach will help to prioritise high-risk children and provide them with a quick treatment pathway and avoid unnecessary referrals or travel. TRIAL REGISTRATION Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry, ACTRN12619001233112. Registered 06 September 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Estai
- The Australian e-Health Research Centre, CSIRO, 147 Underwood Avenue, Floreat WA, Perth, 6014, Australia.
- School of Human Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia.
| | - Yogesan Kanagasingam
- The Australian e-Health Research Centre, CSIRO, 147 Underwood Avenue, Floreat WA, Perth, 6014, Australia
| | - Maryam Mehdizadeh
- The Australian e-Health Research Centre, CSIRO, 147 Underwood Avenue, Floreat WA, Perth, 6014, Australia
| | - Janardhan Vignarajan
- The Australian e-Health Research Centre, CSIRO, 147 Underwood Avenue, Floreat WA, Perth, 6014, Australia
| | - Richard Norman
- School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - Boyen Huang
- School of Dentistry and Health Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Orange, Australia
| | - Heiko Spallek
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Dentistry, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Michelle Irving
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Dentistry, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Amit Arora
- Translational Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown Campus, NSW, Australia
- School of Health Sciences, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown Campus, NSW, Australia
- Oral Health Services, Sydney Local Health District and Sydney Dental Hospital, NSW Health, Surry Hills, NSW, Australia
- Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, Sydney Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Estie Kruger
- School of Human Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Marc Tennant
- School of Human Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
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da Costa CB, Peralta FDS, Ferreira de Mello ALS. How Has Teledentistry Been Applied in Public Dental Health Services? An Integrative Review. Telemed J E Health 2019; 26:945-954. [PMID: 31573410 DOI: 10.1089/tmj.2019.0122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: There are inequities in the provision of oral health care, and a large proportion of the population face challenges in accessing public dental health care options. Introduction: Teledentistry (TD), a new branch of telemedicine dedicated to dentistry, is a potential approach that can be used to overcome these challenges. Therefore, the purpose of this integrative review was to collect information regarding the inclusion of the application of TD tools in the public dental health services. Methods: Five electronic databases (PubMed/Medline, Virtual Health Library, CINAHL, Scopus, and Web of Science) were searched for relevant articles if they reported on original data related to the use of TD in public dental health services. Results/Discussion: Twenty-four studies met the inclusion criteria and were, consequently, included in the review. Our key findings indicated that TD can be used for training and continuing education of professionals, for remote patient care, to exchange information among health professionals, and orientation. It increases the access to dental care and enables general practitioners to interact with specialties. The benefits include cost-effective health equity services, improve dental knowledge, and reduce consultation waiting time. However, despite the advances made with the use of this technology, there are still some obstacles to overcome, such as limited infrastructure, low levels of motivation and the lack of compliance, professional resistance, and legal and security issues. Conclusion: TD may be very a useful tool for dental public health increasing the quality of the care by improving access, professional education, and patient satisfaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Böhm da Costa
- Post Graduation Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Felipe da Silva Peralta
- Post Graduation Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
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Comparing the outcomes of gold-standard dental examinations with photographic screening by mid-level dental providers. Clin Oral Investig 2018; 23:2383-2387. [DOI: 10.1007/s00784-018-2700-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Is it feasible to use smartphone images to perform telediagnosis of different stages of occlusal caries lesions? PLoS One 2018; 13:e0202116. [PMID: 30188900 PMCID: PMC6126822 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0202116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to compare the performance of two different models of smartphone and a conventional camera with that of direct clinical examination in detecting caries lesions at different stages of progression in deciduous molars. The photographic equipment consisted of two smartphones (iPhone and Nexus 4) and a conventional macro camera setup. First, in the laboratory phase of the study, we compared the images of 20 exfoliated primary teeth having caries lesions at different stages. Then, in the clinical phase of the study, the images of 119 primary molars from fifteen children (3 to 6 years old) were used. All of the photographic images were taken using the previously described devices. In both groups, two examiners, blinded to the photographic equipment used, assessed the images independently on a computer screen, and classified them according to the International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS). The teeth were then examined directly by two other experienced examiners, and the consensus reached was considered the reference standard. Parameters of validity, such as percentage of correct answers, agreement with the reference standard, sensitivity, specificity and inter-examiner agreement (using the weighted kappa test) were calculated. The examiners performed similarly in both in vitro and in vivo studies. Inter-examiner reliability was approximately 0.7 for all the devices in the laboratory setting, and for the macro camera photography system in the clinical setting, but it was approximately 0.9 for the iPhone and Nexus images taken in vivo. With regard to the percentage of correct answers, the highest values were observed for sound and extensive caries lesions in both laboratory and clinical settings. The percentage of correct answers for initial and moderate lesions was particularly low in the clinical evaluation, irrespective of the camera devices used. Therefore, we concluded that photographic diagnosis using smartphone images is feasible and accurate for distinguishing sound tooth surfaces from extensive caries lesions; however, photographic images are not a good method for accurately detecting initial and moderate caries lesions.
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AlShaya MS, Assery MK, Pani SC. Reliability of mobile phone teledentistry in dental diagnosis and treatment planning in mixed dentition. J Telemed Telecare 2018; 26:45-52. [PMID: 30134778 DOI: 10.1177/1357633x18793767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of the study was to test the reliability of mobile phone teledentistry in the diagnosis and treatment planning of dental caries of children in mixed dentition. METHODS A total of 57 cases, aged 6-12 years, among six examiners were used yielding 342 comparisons. The patients were examined by a dentist who was calibrated in the recording of oral findings in children using the World Health Organization (WHO) oral health assessment form for children (version 2013), which served as the gold standard for diagnosis. Six paediatric dentists calibrated using the same WHO form served as the teledentistry group and made their diagnoses using only the images sent to them without the use of radiographs. The pictures obtained were stored on an online cloud platform (Google Drive). The sharing links for these pictures were forwarded to participating dentists using a social media application (WhatsApp Messenger, Facebook Corp., Mountain View, CA). RESULTS This study showed greater sensitivity than specificity, and though both sensitivity and specificity were constantly above 80%, it can be stated that the current model has a higher chance of false positive results than false negative results. The reliability of teledentistry in this study is greater in primary teeth than in permanent teeth. DISCUSSION Although the use of teledentistry without radiographs is not as accurate as clinical examination, mobile phone teledentistry offers acceptable reliability for the initial diagnosis of caries in children.
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Jung EH, Lee ES, Jung HI, Kang SM, de Josselin de Jong E, Kim BI. Development of a fluorescence-image scoring system for assessing noncavitated occlusal caries. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2018; 21:36-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2017.10.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Revised: 09/09/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Miladinović M, Živković D. Most recent advancements in teledentistry. PRAXIS MEDICA 2018. [DOI: 10.5937/pramed1802063m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
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Khan A, Thapa JR, Zhang D. Preventive Dental Checkups and Their Association With Access to Usual Source of Care Among Rural and Urban Adult Residents. J Rural Health 2017; 33:419-426. [PMID: 28905468 DOI: 10.1111/jrh.12271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2017] [Revised: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to assess the relationship between rural or urban residence and having a usual source of care (USC), and the utilization of preventive dental checkups among adults. METHODS Cross-sectional analysis was conducted using data from the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey 2012. We performed a logit regression on the relationship between rural and urban residence, having a USC, and having at least 1 dental checkup in the past year, adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics and health status. FINDINGS After controlling for covariates, rural adult residents had significantly lower odds of having at least 1 dental checkup per year compared to their urban counterparts (odds ratio [OR] = 0.73, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.62-0.86, P < .001). Additionally, individuals with a USC had higher odds of having at least 1 dental checkup per year (OR = 1.76, 95% CI: 1.59-1.95, P < .001). Among both rural and urban residents, having a USC was significantly associated with an 11% (95% CI = 9%-13%) increase in the probability of having a preventive dental checkup within a year. CONCLUSIONS Individuals with a USC were more likely to obtain a preventive dental visit, with similar effects in rural and urban settings. We attributed the lower odds of having a checkup in rural regions to the lower density of oral health care providers in these areas. Integration of rural oral health care into primary care may help mitigate the challenges due to a shortage of oral health care providers in rural areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aishah Khan
- Department of Health Policy and Management, College of Public Health, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia
| | - Janani R Thapa
- Department of Health Policy and Management, College of Public Health, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia
| | - Donglan Zhang
- Department of Health Policy and Management, College of Public Health, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia
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Estai M, Bunt SM, Kruger E, Tennant M. The use of mobile health applications in school dental screening. Aust Dent J 2017; 62:394-396. [DOI: 10.1111/adj.12527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M Estai
- International Research Collaborative, Oral Health, and Equity; School of Human Sciences; University of Western Australia; Crawley Western Australia Australia
| | - SM Bunt
- International Research Collaborative, Oral Health, and Equity; School of Human Sciences; University of Western Australia; Crawley Western Australia Australia
| | - E Kruger
- International Research Collaborative, Oral Health, and Equity; School of Human Sciences; University of Western Australia; Crawley Western Australia Australia
| | - M Tennant
- International Research Collaborative, Oral Health, and Equity; School of Human Sciences; University of Western Australia; Crawley Western Australia Australia
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Emami E, Kadoch N, Homayounfar S, Harnagea H, Dupont P, Giraudeau N, Mariño R. Patient satisfaction with E-Oral Health care in rural and remote settings: a systematic review protocol. Syst Rev 2017; 6:174. [PMID: 28851449 PMCID: PMC5576324 DOI: 10.1186/s13643-017-0550-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Individuals living in rural and remote settings face oral health problems and access-to-care barriers due to the shortage of oral health care providers in these areas, geographic remoteness, lack of appropriate infrastructure and lower socio-economic status. E-Oral Health technology could mitigate these barriers by providing the delivery of some aspects of health care and exchange of information across geographic distances. This review will systematically evaluate the literature on patient satisfaction with received E-Oral Health care in rural and remote communities. METHODS This systematic review will include interventional and observational studies in which E-Oral Health technology is used as an intervention in rural and remote communities of any country worldwide. Conventional oral health care will be used as a comparator when provided. Patient satisfaction with received E-Oral Health care will be considered as a primary outcome for this review. Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, MEDLINE, EMBASE and Global Health will be searched using a comprehensive search strategy. Two review authors will independently screen results to identify potentially eligible studies and independently extract the data from the included studies. A third author will resolve any discrepancies between reviewers. Two independent researchers will assess the risk of bias and the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation. DISCUSSION The potential implications and benefits of E-Oral Health care can inform policymakers and health care professionals to take advantage of this technology to address health care challenges in these areas. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION PROSPERO CRD42016039942 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Emami
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada. .,School of Public Health, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada. .,Public Health Research Institute, Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada. .,Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
| | - Naomi Kadoch
- Faculty of Dentistry, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | | | - Hermina Harnagea
- School of Public Health, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Patrice Dupont
- Health Sciences Library, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | - Nicolas Giraudeau
- Faculty of Odontology, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Rodrigo Mariño
- Melbourne Dental School, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
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Estai M, Kanagasingam Y, Tennant M, Bunt S. A systematic review of the research evidence for the benefits of teledentistry. J Telemed Telecare 2017; 24:147-156. [PMID: 28118778 DOI: 10.1177/1357633x16689433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Objective This review is designed to inform future decisions about the benefits of integrating teledentistry into routine health services, by presenting an overview of the evidence for the effectiveness and economic impact of teledentistry. Methods Two reviewers searched PubMed, EMBASE and CINAHL databases through November 2016 to identify published peer-reviewed studies in English. Teledentistry studies were included if they were; (a) controlled (randomised or non-randomised) assessment studies; and (b) compared outcomes of a teledentistry intervention in terms of clinical or economic evaluation with the outcomes of traditional clinical alternatives. The quality of the studies was evaluated using a quality appraisal tool that considered study performance and design. Results This review identified 385 publications, of which 217 full-text articles were retrieved for further inspection. Of these, only 11 articles met the inclusion criteria. Nine of the included articles showed some clinical outcomes; the other two were primarily economic analyses. The balance of these studies assesed the efficacy of teledentistry interventions rather than their effectiveness. Four studies (36%) achieved higher quality scores and have greater potential to influence health-care decision-making. To date, the most convincing published evidence regarding the efficacy of teledentistry was provided by studies on paediatric dentistry, orthodontics and oral medicine. The economic analysis referred only to cost-minimisation, suggesting that the use of teleconsultation in dentistry can be cost-saving when compared to a conventional consultation. However, high-quality economic studies on teledentistry are rare. Conclusion There is emerging evidence supporting the efficacy of teledentistry. However, there is not yet enough conclusive evidence, particularly for its effectiveness, cost-effectiveness and long-term use, to make evidence-based policy decisions on teledentistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Estai
- 1 International Research Collaborative-Oral Health and Equity: School of Anatomy, Physiology and Human Biology, University of Western Australia, Australia
| | | | - Marc Tennant
- 1 International Research Collaborative-Oral Health and Equity: School of Anatomy, Physiology and Human Biology, University of Western Australia, Australia
| | - Stuart Bunt
- 1 International Research Collaborative-Oral Health and Equity: School of Anatomy, Physiology and Human Biology, University of Western Australia, Australia
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