1
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Kim JG, Kim HB, Jeong WG, Lee KH, Baek K. Electrochemical oxidation and mechanism of sulfanilamide from groundwater in a flow-through system using carbon fiber (CF) anode. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 349:140817. [PMID: 38040260 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
Metal-based anodes have been used for a long time in the electrochemical oxidation processes to remediate groundwater. However, the high cost of this technique as well as the release of potentially toxic metals (ex, lead), are major barriers being fully implemented. As an alternative of metal-based anodes, in recent years, carbon-based anodes have been paid attention due to their eco-friendliness and cost-effectiveness. This study evaluated the oxidation performance of carbon fiber (CF) anode in a flow-through system. The CF anode degraded 45-87% of the target pollutant (sulfanilamide), depending on the current intensity applied. However, no further degradation of sulfanilamide was observed after the cathode, indicating that sulfanilamide degradation occurred mainly at the anode. This study also determined the effect of electrolytes on electrochemical oxidation using chloride (Cl-), sulfate (SO42-), bicarbonate (CO3-), and synthetic groundwater. Cl- and SO42- electrolytes were converted electrochemically into active species, thereby enhancing sulfanilamide degradation, while the bicarbonate and groundwater electrolytes inhibited oxidation performance by scavenging hydroxyl radicals. A series of scavenger tests and characterization showed that the direct oxidation and hydroxyl radicals involved the sulfanilamide degradation. Especially, the production of hydroxyl radicals is more favorable in high currents than in low currents. That is, CF anode contributed to the degradation by direct oxidation of carbon-based electrodes and generation of hydroxyl radicals. In summary, this study highlights how a CF anode is capable of effectively degrading organic pollutants via anodic oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong-Gook Kim
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, 02115, MA, USA; Department of Environment and Energy (BK21 FOUR) and Soil Environment Research Center, Jeonbuk National University, 567 Baekje-daero, Deokjin, Jeonju, Jeollabukdo, 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Bin Kim
- Water Cycle Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Gune Jeong
- Department of Environment and Energy (BK21 FOUR) and Soil Environment Research Center, Jeonbuk National University, 567 Baekje-daero, Deokjin, Jeonju, Jeollabukdo, 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Keun-Heon Lee
- Humas Co. Ltd., 26-77 Gajeongbuk-ro, Jang-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kitae Baek
- Department of Environment and Energy (BK21 FOUR) and Soil Environment Research Center, Jeonbuk National University, 567 Baekje-daero, Deokjin, Jeonju, Jeollabukdo, 54896, Republic of Korea.
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2
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Wei J, Liu Y, Wu X. A cyclone reactor of electrochemical advanced oxidation processes using PbO 2 anode and H 2O 2 electrosynthesis cathode. WATER RESEARCH 2023; 245:120629. [PMID: 37717333 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.120629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemical advanced oxidation processes are promising tools for pollution abatement but most still lack practical engineering attempts and devices. A type of process intensification reactor for the electrochemical advanced oxidation processes is developed here. The cyclone continuous flow electrochemical reactor adopts a PbO2 anode and H2O2 electrosynthesis cathode together. A lab-scale cyclone continuous flow electrochemical reactor is fabricated and simulated, which is evaluated using the H-acid wastewater. The contributions of the PbO2 anode and H2O2 electrosynthesis cathode to pollutant degradation are discussed particularly. A 3-D model is developed to provide a visualized perspective on the reactor performances, including flow distribution, mass transfer, and current distribution. Pronounced signals of powerful radicals can be detected for the PbO2H2O2 cyclone reactor, including •OH, SO4•-, and 1O2. It exhibits excellent performances on mass transfer, electrical properties, organic degradation, and space-time yield. Such a strategy presents a promising engineering solution for scale-up and further development toward industrial application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jucai Wei
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Yun Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, PR China; Hubei HuaDeLai (HDL) Co., Ltd, Wuhan 430023, PR China
| | - Xu Wu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, PR China; Hubei HuaDeLai (HDL) Co., Ltd, Wuhan 430023, PR China.
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3
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Zhao Y, Zhang M, Zhao H, Zeng Z, Xia C, Yang T. In Situ Growth of Nano-MoS 2 on Graphite Substrates as Catalysts for Hydrogen Evolution Reaction. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:4627. [PMID: 37444940 DOI: 10.3390/ma16134627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
In order to synthesize a high-efficiency catalytic electrode for hydrogen evolution reactions, nano-MoS2 was deposited in situ on the surface of graphite substrates via a one-step hydrothermal method. The effects of the reactant concentration on the microstructure and the electrocatalytic characteristics of the nano-MoS2 catalyst layers were investigated in detail. The study results showed that nano-MoS2 sheets with a thickness of about 10 nm were successfully deposited on the surface of the graphite substrates. The reactant concentration had an important effect on uniform distribution of the catalyst layers. A higher or lower reactant concentration was disadvantageous for the electrochemical performance of the nano-MoS2 catalyst layers. The prepared electrode had the best electrocatalytic activity when the thiourea concentration was 0.10 mol·L-1. The minimum hydrogen evolution reaction overpotential was 196 mV (j = 10 mV·cm-2) and the corresponding Tafel slope was calculated to be 54.1 mV·dec-1. Moreover, the prepared electrode had an excellent cycling stability, and the microstructure and the electrocatalytic properties of the electrode had almost no change after 2000 cycles. The results of the present study are helpful for developing low-cost and efficient electrode material for hydrogen evolution reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Laminating Fabrication and Interface Control Technology for Advanced Materials, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China
| | - Mingyang Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Laminating Fabrication and Interface Control Technology for Advanced Materials, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China
| | - Huimin Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Laminating Fabrication and Interface Control Technology for Advanced Materials, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China
| | - Zhiqiang Zeng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Laminating Fabrication and Interface Control Technology for Advanced Materials, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China
| | - Chaoqun Xia
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Laminating Fabrication and Interface Control Technology for Advanced Materials, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China
| | - Tai Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Laminating Fabrication and Interface Control Technology for Advanced Materials, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China
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Huang X, Song M, Zhang J, Shen T, Luo G, Wang D. Recent Advances of Electrocatalyst and Cell Design for Hydrogen Peroxide Production. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2023; 15:86. [PMID: 37029260 PMCID: PMC10082148 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-023-01044-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemical synthesis of H2O2 via a selective two-electron oxygen reduction reaction has emerged as an attractive alternative to the current energy-consuming anthraquinone process. Herein, the progress on electrocatalysts for H2O2 generation, including noble metal, transition metal-based, and carbon-based materials, is summarized. At first, the design strategies employed to obtain electrocatalysts with high electroactivity and high selectivity are highlighted. Then, the critical roles of the geometry of the electrodes and the type of reactor in striking a balance to boost the H2O2 selectivity and reaction rate are systematically discussed. After that, a potential strategy to combine the complementary properties of the catalysts and the reactor for optimal selectivity and overall yield is illustrated. Finally, the remaining challenges and promising opportunities for high-efficient H2O2 electrochemical production are highlighted for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Huang
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, People's Republic of China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Processing and Application of Catalytic Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huanggang Normal University, Huanggang, 438000, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Song
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Shen
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Guanyu Luo
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Deli Wang
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, People's Republic of China.
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Qi H, Ren W, Shi X, Sun Z. Hydrothermally modified graphite felt as the electro-Fenton cathode for effective degradation of diuron: The acceleration of Fe2+ regeneration and H2O2production. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.121724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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6
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Three-dimensional functional carbon nanotube architecture as a highly efficient and active indirect catalyst for degradation of 4-chlorophenol. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.121277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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An J, Feng Y, Zhao Q, Wang X, Liu J, Li N. Electrosynthesis of H 2O 2 through a two-electron oxygen reduction reaction by carbon based catalysts: From mechanism, catalyst design to electrode fabrication. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND ECOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 11:100170. [PMID: 36158761 PMCID: PMC9488048 DOI: 10.1016/j.ese.2022.100170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is an efficient oxidant with multiple uses ranging from chemical synthesis to wastewater treatment. The in-situ H2O2 production via a two-electron oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) will bring H2O2 beyond its current applications. The development of carbon materials offers the hope for obtaining inexpensive and high-performance alternatives to substitute noble-metal catalysts in order to provide a full and comprehensive picture of the current state of the art treatments and inspire new research in this area. Herein, the most up-to-date findings in theoretical predictions, synthetic methodologies, and experimental investigations of carbon-based catalysts are systematically summarized. Various electrode fabrication and modification methods were also introduced and compared, along with our original research on the air-breathing cathode and three-phase interface theory inside a porous electrode. In addition, our current understanding of the challenges, future directions, and suggestions on the carbon-based catalyst designs and electrode fabrication are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingkun An
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Academy of Environment and Ecology, Tianjin University, No. 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Yujie Feng
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Academy of Environment and Ecology, Tianjin University, No. 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300072, China
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, No. 73 Huanghe Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Qian Zhao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, Nankai University, No. 38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Xin Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, Nankai University, No. 38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Jia Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Academy of Environment and Ecology, Tianjin University, No. 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Nan Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Academy of Environment and Ecology, Tianjin University, No. 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300072, China
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8
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Wang S, Liu H, Ye D, Lan Q, Zhu X, Yang Y, Chen R, Liao Q. Oxygen self-doping formicary-like electrocatalyst with ultrahigh specific surface area derived from waste pitaya peels for high-yield H2O2 electrosynthesis and efficient electro-Fenton degradation. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.120687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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9
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Effective and continuous degradation of levofloxacin via the graphite felt electrode loaded with Fe3O4. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2021.119902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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10
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Xu H, Guo H, Chai C, Li N, Lin X, Xu W. Anodized graphite felt as an efficient cathode for in-situ hydrogen peroxide production and Electro-Fenton degradation of rhodamine B. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 286:131936. [PMID: 34426276 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This work investigated that the graphite felt anodized by NaOH, NH4HCO3, or H2SO4 aqueous, and then as the cathode materials for in-situ hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) production and its employed for rhodamine B (RhB) degradation via Electro-Fenton (EF) process. At -0.60 V (vs. SCE), after 120 min electrolysis, the H2O2 yield by graphite felt which anodized by 0.2 M H2SO4 achieved up 110.5 mg L-1 in 0.05 M Na2SO4 electrolyte. Compared with the raw graphite felt used for cathode, the H2O2 yield increased by 15.85 times under the same conditions. The results of Raman spectroscopy demonstrated that graphite felt anodized by H2SO4 solution can be achieved the highest defect degree. For the degradation of RhB, the cathode which anodized by H2SO4 solution has the highest removal rate. For the degradation rate of RhB, the effect of applied current density, Fe2+ ions concentration, pH value were investigated. In addition, suggested that the efficient Fe3+ reduction reaction on the cathode surface was an important reason of the high efficiency of RhB degradation. 5-times continuous runs indicated that the modified cathode has remarkable stability and reusability during the EF process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hu Xu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, 730070, Gansu, China
| | - Hongkai Guo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, 730070, Gansu, China
| | - Changsheng Chai
- School of Bailie Mechanical Engineering, Lanzhou City University, Lanzhou, 730070, Gansu, China
| | - Na Li
- Gansu HaoShi Carbon Fiber Co., LTD, Baiying, 730900, Gansu, China
| | - Xueyong Lin
- Gansu HaoShi Carbon Fiber Co., LTD, Baiying, 730900, Gansu, China
| | - Weijun Xu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, 730070, Gansu, China.
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11
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Gu Y, Wu S, Cao Y, Liu M, Chen S, Quan X, Yu H. Construction of a Microchannel Aeration Cathode for Producing H 2O 2 via Oxygen Reduction Reaction. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:56045-56053. [PMID: 34787395 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c14969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemical oxygen reduction is a promising method for in situ H2O2 production. Its important precondition is that dissolved oxygen molecules have to diffuse to and arrive at the cathode surface for reacting with electrons. Obviously, shortening the diffusion distance is beneficial to improve the reaction efficiency. In this study, a novel microchannel aeration mode was proposed to confine the diffusion distance of O2 to the micrometer level. For this mode, an aeration cathode was fabricated from a carbon block with microchannel arrays. The diameter of each channel was only 10-40 μm. Oxygen will be pumped into every microchannel from the top entry, while an aqueous solution will permeate into microchannels through the bottom entry and pores in the channel wall. This microchannel aeration cathode exhibited a H2O2 yield of up to 4.34 mg h-1 cm-2, about eight times higher than that of the common bubbling aeration mode. The corresponding energy consumption was only 7.35 kWh kg-1, which was superior to most reported results. In addition to H2O2, this aeration cathode may also produce •OH via a one-electron reduction of H2O2. In combination with H2O2 and •OH, phenol, sulfamethoxazole, and atrazine were degraded effectively. We expect that this microchannel aeration cathode may inspire researchers focused on H2O2 production, water pollutant control, and other multiphase interfacial reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuwei Gu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Shuai Wu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Yujia Cao
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Meng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Shuo Chen
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Xie Quan
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Hongtao Yu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
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12
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Zhou W, Meng X, Gao J, Sun F, Zhao G. Janus graphite felt cathode dramatically enhance the H2O2 yield from O2 electroreduction by the hydrophilicity-hydrophobicity regulation. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 278:130382. [PMID: 33823343 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) electrosynthesis from 2-electron O2 reduction reaction (2eORR) is widely regarded as a promising alternative to the current industry-dominant anthraquinone process. Design and fabrication of effective, low-cost carbon-based electrodes is one of the priorities. Many previous work well confirmed that hydrophilic carbon-based electrodes are preferable for 2eORR. Here, we proposed a strategy of hydrophilicity-hydrophobicity regulation. By using commercially available graphite felt (GF) as electrodes, we showed that both hydrophilic GF, hydrophobic GF, and Janus GF yielded significantly higher H2O2 production, which is 7.3 times, 7.6 times, and 7.7 times higher than the original GF, respectively. Results showed that currents and stirring rates affect the H2O2 yields. The enhancement of hydrophilic GF is due to the incorporation of oxygen-containing functional groups, while the hydrophobic and Janus GF comes from the locally confined O2 bubbles, which built a gas-liquid-solid interface inside GF and thus enhance the H2O2 formation kinetics. Finally, the effectiveness of the hydrophilicity-hydrophobicity regulation concept was tested in Electro-Fenton process by removing typical dyes and antibiotics. This work supply an effective but facile strategy to enhance the performance of carbon-based electrodes towards 2eORR by regulating the micro-environment of electrodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhou
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China.
| | - Xiaoxiao Meng
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China.
| | - Jihui Gao
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Fei Sun
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Guangbo Zhao
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China
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13
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Midassi S, Bedoui A, Bensalah N. Efficient degradation of chloroquine drug by electro-Fenton oxidation: Effects of operating conditions and degradation mechanism. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 260:127558. [PMID: 32693256 PMCID: PMC7351021 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2020] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
In this work, the degradation of chloroquine (CLQ), an antiviral and antimalarial drug, using electro-Fenton oxidation was investigated. Due to the importance of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) generation during electro-Fenton oxidation, effects of pH, current density, molecular oxygen (O2) flow rate, and anode material on H2O2 generation were evaluated. H2O2 generation was enhanced by increasing the current density up to 60 mA/cm2 and the O2 flow rate up to 80 mL/min at pH 3.0 and using carbon felt cathode and boron-doped diamond (BDD) anode. Electro-Fenton-BDD oxidation achieved the total CLQ depletion and 92% total organic carbon (TOC) removal. Electro-Fenton-BDD oxidation was more effective than electro-Fenton-Pt and anodic oxidation using Pt and BDD anodes. The efficiency of CLQ depletion by electro-Fenton-BDD oxidation raises by increasing the current density and Fe2+ dose; however it drops with the increase of pH and CLQ concentration. CLQ depletion follows a pseudo-first order kinetics in all the experiments. The identification of CLQ degradation intermediates by chromatography methods confirms the formation of 7-chloro-4-quinolinamine, oxamic, and oxalic acids. Quantitative amounts of chlorides, nitrates, and ammonium ions are released during electro-Fenton oxidation of CLQ. The high efficiency of electro-Fenton oxidation derives from the generation of hydroxyl radicals from the catalytic decomposition of H2O2 by Fe2+ in solution, and the electrogeneration of hydroxyl and sulfates radicals and other strong oxidants (persulfates) from the oxidation of the electrolyte at the surface BDD anode. Electro-Fenton oxidation has the potential to be an alternative method for treating wastewaters contaminated with CLQ and its derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sondos Midassi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences of Gabes, University of Gabes, Gabes, 6072, Tunisia
| | - Ahmed Bedoui
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences of Gabes, University of Gabes, Gabes, 6072, Tunisia
| | - Nasr Bensalah
- Department of Chemistry and Earth Sciences, College of Arts and Science, Qatar University, PO Box 2713, Doha, Qatar.
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14
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Liu JM, Ji ZY, Shi YB, Yuan P, Guo XF, Zhao LM, Li SM, Li H, Yuan JS. Effective treatment of levofloxacin wastewater by an electro-Fenton process with hydrothermal-activated graphite felt as cathode. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 266:115348. [PMID: 32841862 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The performance of the cathode significantly affects the ability of the electro-Fenton (EF) process to degrade chemicals. In this study, a simple method to modify the graphite felt (GF) cathode was proposed, i.e. oxidizing GF by hydrothermal treatment in nitric acid. The surface physical and electrochemical properties of modified graphite felt were characterized by several techniques: scanning electron microscope (SEM), water contact angle, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Raman spectroscopy and linear scanning voltammetry (LSV). Compared with an unmodified GF (GF-0), the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) activity of a modified GF was significantly improved due to the introduction of more oxygen-containing functional groups (OGs). Furthermore, the results showed that GF was optimally modified after 9 h (GF-9) of treatment. As an example, the H2O2 generation by GF-9 was 2.26 times higher than that of GF-0. After optimizing the process parameters, which include the initial Fe2+ concentration and current density, the apparent degradation rate constant of levofloxacin (LEV) could reach as high as 0.40 min-1. Moreover, the total organic carbon (TOC) removal rate and mineralization current efficiency (MCE) of the modified cathode were much higher than that of the GF-0. Conclusively, GF-9 is a promising cathode for the future development in organic pollutant removal via EF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Ming Liu
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Energy Conservation in Chemical Process Integration and Resources Utilization, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300130, China; Engineering Research Center of Seawater Utilization of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300130, China; Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center of Modern Marine Chemical Technology, Tianjin, 300130, China
| | - Zhi-Yong Ji
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Energy Conservation in Chemical Process Integration and Resources Utilization, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300130, China; Engineering Research Center of Seawater Utilization of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300130, China; Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center of Modern Marine Chemical Technology, Tianjin, 300130, China.
| | - Ya-Bin Shi
- Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center of Modern Marine Chemical Technology, Tianjin, 300130, China; Department of Chemical Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University Haibin College, Huanghua, 061199, China
| | - Peng Yuan
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Energy Conservation in Chemical Process Integration and Resources Utilization, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300130, China; Engineering Research Center of Seawater Utilization of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300130, China; Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center of Modern Marine Chemical Technology, Tianjin, 300130, China
| | - Xiao-Fu Guo
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Energy Conservation in Chemical Process Integration and Resources Utilization, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300130, China; Engineering Research Center of Seawater Utilization of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300130, China; Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center of Modern Marine Chemical Technology, Tianjin, 300130, China
| | - Li-Ming Zhao
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Energy Conservation in Chemical Process Integration and Resources Utilization, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300130, China; Engineering Research Center of Seawater Utilization of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300130, China; Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center of Modern Marine Chemical Technology, Tianjin, 300130, China
| | - Shu-Ming Li
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Energy Conservation in Chemical Process Integration and Resources Utilization, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300130, China; Engineering Research Center of Seawater Utilization of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300130, China; Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center of Modern Marine Chemical Technology, Tianjin, 300130, China
| | - Hong Li
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Energy Conservation in Chemical Process Integration and Resources Utilization, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300130, China; Engineering Research Center of Seawater Utilization of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300130, China; Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center of Modern Marine Chemical Technology, Tianjin, 300130, China
| | - Jun-Sheng Yuan
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Energy Conservation in Chemical Process Integration and Resources Utilization, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300130, China; Engineering Research Center of Seawater Utilization of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300130, China; Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center of Modern Marine Chemical Technology, Tianjin, 300130, China
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15
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Ding J, Dong L, Geng Y, Huang H, Zhao G, Jiang J, Qiu S, Yuan Y, Zhao Q. Modification of graphite felt doped with nitrogen and boron for enhanced removal of dimethyl phthalate in peroxi-coagulation system and mechanisms. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:18810-18821. [PMID: 32207015 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-08384-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
To enhance the generation of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), a modified graphite felt cathode doped with nitrogen and boron was developed and used in peroxi-coagulation system to degrade dimethyl phthalate (DMP). After a simple modification method, the yield of H2O2 on cathode increased from 9.39 to 152.8 mg/L, with current efficiency increased from 1.61 to 70.3%. Complete degradation of DMP and 80% removal of TOC were achieved within 2 h at the optimal condition with pH of 5, cathodic potential of - 0.69 V (vs. SCE), oxygen aeration, and electrode gap of 1 cm. Possible mechanism with synergistic effect of electro-Fenton and electrocoagulation process in the peroxi-coagulation system was revealed via quenching experiments. The prospect of this system in the effluent of landfill leachate and domestic sewage was studied, achieving 50% and 61% of DMP removal in 2 h. This efficient system with simple modified cathode had promising prospects in practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Langang Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Yuxuan Geng
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Huibin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Guanshu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Junqiu Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Shan Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Yixing Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Qingliang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China.
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16
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Pan G, Sun X, Sun Z. Fabrication of multi-walled carbon nanotubes and carbon black co-modified graphite felt cathode for amoxicillin removal by electrochemical advanced oxidation processes under mild pH condition. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:8231-8247. [PMID: 31900780 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-07358-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) electrogenerated via two-electron oxygen reduction reaction at cathode plays an important role in electrochemical advanced oxidation processes for organic pollutants removal from wastewater. Herein, multi-walled carbon nanotubes and carbon black co-modified graphite felt electrode (MWCNTs-CB/GF) was prepared as an efficient cathode for H2O2 electrogeneration and amoxicillin removal by anodic oxidation with hydrogen peroxide (AO-H2O2) and electro-Fenton (EF) under mild pH condition. Besides, the physicochemical and electrochemical properties of MWCNTs-CB/GF were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, N2 adsorption and desorption experiment, contact angle measurement, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and linear sweep voltammetry. Compared with GF, MWCNTs-CB/GF showed a higher H2O2 generation of 309.0 mg L-1 with a current efficiency of 60.9% (after 120 min) and more effective amoxicillin removal efficiencies of 97.5% (after 120 min) and 98.7% (after 30 min) in AO-H2O2 and EF (with 0.5 mM Fe2+) processes, under the condition of current density 12 mA cm-2 and initial pH 5.5. Meanwhile, the TOC removal efficiency was 45.2% during EF process after 120 min. Anodic oxidation, H2O2 oxidation, and methanol capture indicated that ∙OH generated via electro-activation reaction at MWCNTs-CB/GF and Fenton reaction in solution played the dominant role in amoxicillin removal. Moreover, the TOC removal was associated with ∙OH generated during Fenton reaction in the solution. The major intermediates of AMX degradation by EF process were identified using LC-MS and the possible degradation pathways were proposed containing of β-lactam ring opening, hydroxylation reaction, decarboxylation reaction, methyl groups in the thiazolidine ring oxidation reaction, bond cleavage, and rearrangement processes. All of the above results proved that MWCNTs-CB/GF was an excellent cathode for AMX degradation under mild pH condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guifang Pan
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiuping Sun
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhirong Sun
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, People's Republic of China.
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17
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Jiang B, Wang Y, Wang D, Yao M, Fan C, Dai J. Modifying graphite felt cathode by HNO 3 or KOH to improve the degradation efficiency of electro-Fenton for landfill leachate. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2019; 80:2412-2421. [PMID: 32245933 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2020.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Based on graphite felt (GF), the cathode of an electro-Fenton (EF) system was modified by HNO3 and KOH respectively to improve the degradation efficiency for actual landfill leachate. The results of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectra, Boehm titration experiments, contact angle, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and adsorption experiments illustrated that the surface of the modified GFs had more oxygen-containing functional (OG) groups, and possessed better hydrophilicity and larger specific surface area. In 180 min H2O2 electrogeneration experiments, the cumulative amount of H2O2 produced by unmodified GF (GF-0), HNO3 modified GF (GF-1) and KOH modified GF (GF-2) was 526 mg/L, 891 mg/L and 823 mg/L respectively. In 180 min EF reaction, the removal rate of chemical oxygen demand (COD) in GF-0, GF-1 and GF-2 EF systems was 31.88%, 60.65% and 52.08% respectively; the removal rate of NH4 +-N in GF-0, GF-1 and GF-2 EF systems was 43.37%, 98.10% and 94.81% respectively. In addition, both the performance of GF-1 and GF-2 for Fe2+ regeneration was greatly enhanced, and GF-1 was superior to GF-2. The degradation efficiency for landfill leachate was enhanced obviously by employing the modified EF system, suggesting that the two modified cathodes have great potential in practical production.
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18
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Zhou W, Meng X, Gao J, Alshawabkeh AN. Hydrogen peroxide generation from O 2 electroreduction for environmental remediation: A state-of-the-art review. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 225:588-607. [PMID: 30903840 PMCID: PMC6921702 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.03.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Revised: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The electrochemical production of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) by 2-electron oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is an attractive alternative to the present complex anthraquinone process. The objective of this paper is to provide a state-of-the-arts review of the most important aspects of this process. First, recent advances in H2O2 production are reviewed and the advantages of H2O2 electrogeneration via 2-electron ORR are highlighted. Second, the selectivity of the ORR pathway towards H2O2 formation as well as the development process of H2O2 production are presented. The cathode characteristics are the decisive factors of H2O2 production. Thus the focus is shifted to the introduction of commonly used carbon cathodes and their modification methods, including the introduction of other active carbon materials, hetero-atoms doping (i.e., O, N, F, B, and P) and decoration with metal oxides. Cathode stability is evaluated due to its significance for long-term application. Effects of various operational parameters, such as electrode potential/current density, supporting electrolyte, electrolyte pH, temperature, dissolved oxygen, and current mode on H2O2 production are then discussed. Additionally, the environmental application of electrogenerated H2O2 on aqueous and gaseous contaminants removal, including dyes, pesticides, herbicides, phenolic compounds, drugs, VOCs, SO2, NO, and Hg0, are described. Finally, a brief conclusion about the recent progress achieved in H2O2 electrogeneration via 2-electron ORR and an outlook on future research challenges are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhou
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001 PR China; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Xiaoxiao Meng
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001 PR China
| | - Jihui Gao
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001 PR China.
| | - Akram N Alshawabkeh
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
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19
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Li J, Song D, Du K, Wang Z, Zhao C. Performance of graphite felt as a cathode and anode in the electro-Fenton process. RSC Adv 2019; 9:38345-38354. [PMID: 35540201 PMCID: PMC9075911 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra07525a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Choosing an electrode material with good performance and low cost is of great significance for the practical application of the electro-Fenton process. In this study, graphite felt was systematically studied to determine its application performance in an electro-Fenton system. The influence of operating parameters, pH and voltage, on the H2O2 yield and the evolution of iron ions was investigated, which helped to select the optimal parameter values. The removal rate of methylene blue was 97.8% after 20 min electrolysis under the conditions of 7 V voltage and pH 3. Inhibition experiments showed the graphite felt E-Fenton system mainly relied on the indirect oxidation of ·OH and the direct oxidation of the graphite felt anode to degrade the methylene blue. The graphite felt showed good stability as a cathode during repeated use, but the anode conductivity and catalytic performance were decreased, and the adsorption performance was enhanced. Finally, the graphite felt electrode was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) to preliminarily analyze the reason for the change in anode performance. Choosing an electrode material with good performance and low cost is of great significance for the practical application of the electro-Fenton process.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Junfeng Li
- College of Water Conservancy and Architecture Engineering
- Shihezi University
- Shihezi 832000
- China
| | - Dongbao Song
- College of Water Conservancy and Architecture Engineering
- Shihezi University
- Shihezi 832000
- China
| | - Keqing Du
- College of Water Conservancy and Architecture Engineering
- Shihezi University
- Shihezi 832000
- China
| | - Zhaoyang Wang
- College of Earth and Environmental Science
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou 730000
- PR China
- School of Urban Construction and Environmental Engineering
| | - Chun Zhao
- College of Water Conservancy and Architecture Engineering
- Shihezi University
- Shihezi 832000
- China
- School of Urban Construction and Environmental Engineering
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