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Onfray C, Thiam A. Biomass-Derived Carbon-Based Electrodes for Electrochemical Sensing: A Review. MICROMACHINES 2023; 14:1688. [PMID: 37763851 PMCID: PMC10538108 DOI: 10.3390/mi14091688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
The diverse composition of biomass waste, with its varied chemical compounds of origin, holds substantial potential in developing low-cost carbon-based materials for electrochemical sensing applications across a wide range of compounds, including pharmaceuticals, dyes, and heavy metals. This review highlights the latest developments and explores the potential of these sustainable electrodes in electrochemical sensing. Using biomass sources, these electrodes offer a renewable and cost-effective route to fabricate carbon-based sensors. The carbonization process yields highly porous materials with large surface areas, providing a wide variety of functional groups and abundant active sites for analyte adsorption, thereby enhancing sensor sensitivity. The review classifies, summarizes, and analyses different treatments and synthesis of biomass-derived carbon materials from different sources, such as herbaceous, wood, animal and human wastes, and aquatic and industrial waste, used for the construction of electrochemical sensors over the last five years. Moreover, this review highlights various aspects including the source, synthesis parameters, strategies for improving their sensing activity, morphology, structure, and functional group contributions. Overall, this comprehensive review sheds light on the immense potential of biomass-derived carbon-based electrodes, encouraging further research to optimize their properties and advance their integration into practical electrochemical sensing devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Onfray
- Programa Institucional de Fomento a la Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación, Universidad Tecnológica Metropolitana, Santiago 8940577, Chile
| | - Abdoulaye Thiam
- Programa Institucional de Fomento a la Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación, Universidad Tecnológica Metropolitana, Santiago 8940577, Chile
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do Vale-Júnior E, de Sousa RA, Antunes RA, do Nascimento JHO, Lima Santos JE, Martínez-Huitle CA, Dos Santos EV. Evaluating the catalytic effect of Fe@Fe 2O 3-modified granulated cork as an innovative heterogeneous catalyst in electro-Fenton degradation of benzoquinone in different aqueous matrices. CHEMOSPHERE 2023:139209. [PMID: 37315857 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Revised: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the potential of a novel biomass-derived cork as a suitable catalyst after its modification with Fe@Fe2O3 for in-situ application in heterogeneous electro-Fenton (HEF) process for benzoquinone (BQ) elimination from water. No attempts on the application of modified granulated cork (GC) as a suspended heterogeneous catalyst in the HEF process for water treatment have been published yet. GC was modified by sonification approach in a FeCl3 + NaBH4 solution to reduce the ferric ions to metallic iron in order to obtain Fe@Fe2O3-modified GC (Fe@Fe2O3/GC). Results clearly demonstrated that this catalyst exhibited excellent electrocatalytic properties, such as a high conductivity as well as relatively high redox current and possessed several active sites for water depollution applications. Using Fe@Fe2O3/GC as catalyst in HEF, 100% of BQ removal was achieved in synthetic solutions by applying 33.3 mA cm-2 after 120 min. Different experimental conditions were tested to determine that best possible conditions can be as follow: 50 mmol L-1 Na2SO4 and 10 mg L-1 of Fe@Fe2O3/GC catalyst using Pt/carbon-PTFE air diffusion cell by applying 33.3 mA cm-2. Nevertheless, when Fe@Fe2O3/GC was used in the HEF approach to depollute real water matrices, no complete BQ concentration was removal achieved after 300 min of treatment, achieving between 80 and 95% of effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edilson do Vale-Júnior
- Renewable Energies and Environmental Sustainability Research Group, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Norte, Campus Universitário, Av. Salgado Filho 3000, Lagoa Nova, CEP 59078-970, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Rainy Alves de Sousa
- Renewable Energies and Environmental Sustainability Research Group, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Norte, Campus Universitário, Av. Salgado Filho 3000, Lagoa Nova, CEP 59078-970, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Renato Altobelli Antunes
- Center for Engineering, Modeling and Applied Social Sciences, Federal University of ABC, Santo André, SP, 09210580, Brazil
| | - Jose Heriberto Oliveira do Nascimento
- Research Group on Innovation in Micro and Nanotechnology - Department of Textile Engineering, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Norte, Campus Universitario, 59072-970, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - José Eudes Lima Santos
- Renewable Energies and Environmental Sustainability Research Group, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Norte, Campus Universitário, Av. Salgado Filho 3000, Lagoa Nova, CEP 59078-970, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil; National Institute for Alternative Technologies of Detection, Toxicological Evaluation and Removal of Mi-cropollutants and Radioactives (INCT-DATREM), Institute of Chemistry, UNESP, P.O. Box 355, 14800 900, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Carlos A Martínez-Huitle
- Renewable Energies and Environmental Sustainability Research Group, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Norte, Campus Universitário, Av. Salgado Filho 3000, Lagoa Nova, CEP 59078-970, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil; National Institute for Alternative Technologies of Detection, Toxicological Evaluation and Removal of Mi-cropollutants and Radioactives (INCT-DATREM), Institute of Chemistry, UNESP, P.O. Box 355, 14800 900, Araraquara, SP, Brazil.
| | - Elisama Vieira Dos Santos
- Renewable Energies and Environmental Sustainability Research Group, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Norte, Campus Universitário, Av. Salgado Filho 3000, Lagoa Nova, CEP 59078-970, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil; National Institute for Alternative Technologies of Detection, Toxicological Evaluation and Removal of Mi-cropollutants and Radioactives (INCT-DATREM), Institute of Chemistry, UNESP, P.O. Box 355, 14800 900, Araraquara, SP, Brazil; School of Science and Technology, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Norte, Campus Universitario, 59072-970, Natal, Brazil.
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de Freitas Araújo KC, de Araújo Costa ECT, de Araújo DM, Santos EV, Martínez-Huitle CA, Castro PS. Probing the Use of Homemade Carbon Fiber Microsensor for Quantifying Caffeine in Soft Beverages. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:1928. [PMID: 36903043 PMCID: PMC10004175 DOI: 10.3390/ma16051928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In the development of electrochemical sensors, carbon micro-structured or micro-materials have been widely used as supports/modifiers to improve the performance of bare electrodes. In the case of carbon fibers (CFs), these carbonaceous materials have received extensive attention and their use has been proposed in a variety of fields. However, to the best of our knowledge, no attempts for electroanalytical determination of caffeine with CF microelectrode (µE) have been reported in the literature. Therefore, a homemade CF-µE was fabricated, characterized, and used to determine caffeine in soft beverage samples. From the electrochemical characterization of the CF-µE in K3Fe(CN)6 10 mmol L-1 plus KCl 100 mmol L-1, a radius of about 6 µm was estimated, registering a sigmoidal voltammetric profile that distinguishes a µE indicating that the mass-transport conditions were improved. Voltammetric analysis of the electrochemical response of caffeine at the CF-µE clearly showed that no effects were attained due to the mass transport in solution. Differential pulse voltammetric analysis using the CF-µE was able to determine the detection sensitivity, concentration range (0.3 to 4.5 µmol L-1), limit of detection (0.13 μmol L-1) and linear relationship (I (µA) = (11.6 ± 0.09) × 10-3 [caffeine, μmol L-1] - (0.37 ± 0.24) × 10-3), aiming at the quantification applicability in concentration quality-control for the beverages industry. When the homemade CF-µE was used to quantify the caffeine concentration in the soft beverage samples, the values obtained were satisfactory in comparison with the concentrations reported in the literature. Additionally, the concentrations were analytically determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). These results show that these electrodes may be an alternative to the development of new and portable reliable analytical tools at low cost with high efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karla Caroline de Freitas Araújo
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Av. Campus Universitário, Av. Salgado Filho 3000, Lagoa Nova, Natal CEP59078-970, RN, Brazil
| | - Emily Cintia Tossi de Araújo Costa
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Av. Campus Universitário, Av. Salgado Filho 3000, Lagoa Nova, Natal CEP59078-970, RN, Brazil
| | - Danyelle Medeiros de Araújo
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Av. Campus Universitário, Av. Salgado Filho 3000, Lagoa Nova, Natal CEP59078-970, RN, Brazil
- National Institute for Alternative Technologies of Detection, Toxicological Evaluation and Removal of Micropollutants and Radioactives (INCT-DATREM), Institute of Chemistry, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Araraquara CEP14800-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Elisama V. Santos
- National Institute for Alternative Technologies of Detection, Toxicological Evaluation and Removal of Micropollutants and Radioactives (INCT-DATREM), Institute of Chemistry, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Araraquara CEP14800-900, SP, Brazil
- School of Science and Technology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Av. Campus Universitário, Av. Salgado Filho 3000, Lagoa Nova, Natal CEP59078-970, RN, Brazil
| | - Carlos A. Martínez-Huitle
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Av. Campus Universitário, Av. Salgado Filho 3000, Lagoa Nova, Natal CEP59078-970, RN, Brazil
- National Institute for Alternative Technologies of Detection, Toxicological Evaluation and Removal of Micropollutants and Radioactives (INCT-DATREM), Institute of Chemistry, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Araraquara CEP14800-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Pollyana Souza Castro
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Av. Campus Universitário, Av. Salgado Filho 3000, Lagoa Nova, Natal CEP59078-970, RN, Brazil
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Tasić ŽZ, Petrović Mihajlović MB, Simonović AT, Radovanović MB, Antonijević MM. Recent Advances in Electrochemical Sensors for Caffeine Determination. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 22:9185. [PMID: 36501886 PMCID: PMC9735645 DOI: 10.3390/s22239185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The determination of target analytes at very low concentrations is important for various fields such as the pharmaceutical industry, environmental protection, and the food industry. Caffeine, as a natural alkaloid, is widely consumed in various beverages and medicines. Apart from the beneficial effects for which it is used, caffeine also has negative effects, and for these reasons it is very important to determine its concentration in different mediums. Among numerous analytical techniques, electrochemical methods with appropriate sensors occupy a special place since they are efficient, fast, and entail relatively easy preparation and measurements. Electrochemical sensors based on carbon materials are very common in this type of research because they are cost-effective, have a wide potential range, and possess relative electrochemical inertness and electrocatalytic activity in various redox reactions. Additionally, these types of sensors could be modified to improve their analytical performances. The data available in the literature on the development and modification of electrochemical sensors for the determination of caffeine are summarized and discussed in this review.
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Fitoz A, Yazan Z. Electrochemical sensing of caffeine in real-life samples and its interaction with calf thymus DNA. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-022-02580-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Self-affinity of AuNPs on polyethyleneimine (PEI) functionalized polypyrrole-derived carbon nanotubes hybrid nanocomposite: A novel interference-free electrochemical sensing platform for caffeine detection. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2022.116882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Yalazan H, Kantekin H, Budak Ö, Koca A. Non-peripheral tetra methoxylated pyrazoline bearing CoII, CuII and MnIIICl phthalocyanines: Syntheses, electrochemistry and spectroelectrochemistry. J Organomet Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2022.122405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Saravanakumar V, Rajagopal V, Kathiresan M, Suryanarayanan V, Anandan S, Ho KC. Cu-MOF derived CuO nanoparticle decorated amorphous carbon as an electrochemical platform for the sensing of caffeine in real samples. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2022.104248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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An electrochemical sensor for caffeine at a carbon nanofiber modified glassy carbon electrode. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-022-01365-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Barros TM, Medeiros de Araújo D, Lemos de Melo AT, Martínez-Huitle CA, Vocciante M, Ferro S, Vieira dos Santos E. An Electroanalytical Solution for the Determination of Pb 2+ in Progressive Hair Dyes Using the Cork-Graphite Sensor. SENSORS 2022; 22:s22041466. [PMID: 35214367 PMCID: PMC8875311 DOI: 10.3390/s22041466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Lead is one of the most toxic metals for living organisms: once absorbed by soft tissues, it is capable of triggering various pathologies, subsequently bioaccumulating in the bones. In consideration of this, its detection and quantification in products for human consumption and use is of great interest, especially if the procedure can be carried out in an easy, reproducible and economical way. This work presents the results of the electroanalytical determination of lead in three different commercial products used as progressive hair dyes. Analyses were performed by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential pulse stripping voltammetry (DPSV) using a composite cork–graphite sensor in 0.5M H2SO4 solution or 0.1M acetate buffer (pH 4.5), in the presence and absence of hair dye samples. The H2SO4 solution gave better results in terms of analyte sensitivity than the acetate buffer electrolyte. In both cases, well-defined signals for lead were obtained by DPSV analyses, enabling the calibration curve and figures of merit to be determined. The limits of detection (LOD) were found to be approximately 1.06 µM and 1.26 µM in H2SO4 and acetate buffer, respectively. The DPSV standard addition method was successfully applied to quantify the lead in hair dye samples, yielding values below 0.45% in Pb. All three analyzed samples were shown to comply with the limit set by the Brazilian Health Regulatory Agency, i.e., 0.6% lead in this type of product. The comparison of the electroanalytical results with those obtained by the reference method, based on the use of inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP–OES), confirmed that the electroanalytical detection approach is potentially applicable as a strategy for quality control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thalita Medeiros Barros
- Laboratório de Eletroquímica Ambiental e Aplicada, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Lagoa Nova, Natal 59.072-900, RN, Brazil; (T.M.B.); (D.M.d.A.); (A.T.L.d.M.); (C.A.M.-H.)
| | - Danyelle Medeiros de Araújo
- Laboratório de Eletroquímica Ambiental e Aplicada, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Lagoa Nova, Natal 59.072-900, RN, Brazil; (T.M.B.); (D.M.d.A.); (A.T.L.d.M.); (C.A.M.-H.)
- Laboratório de Eletroquímica e Química Analítica, Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Naturais, Universidade do Estado do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59.610-210, RN, Brazil
| | - Alana Tamires Lemos de Melo
- Laboratório de Eletroquímica Ambiental e Aplicada, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Lagoa Nova, Natal 59.072-900, RN, Brazil; (T.M.B.); (D.M.d.A.); (A.T.L.d.M.); (C.A.M.-H.)
- Laboratório de Eletroquímica e Química Analítica, Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Naturais, Universidade do Estado do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59.610-210, RN, Brazil
| | - Carlos Alberto Martínez-Huitle
- Laboratório de Eletroquímica Ambiental e Aplicada, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Lagoa Nova, Natal 59.072-900, RN, Brazil; (T.M.B.); (D.M.d.A.); (A.T.L.d.M.); (C.A.M.-H.)
| | - Marco Vocciante
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy;
| | - Sergio Ferro
- Ecas4 Australia Pty Ltd., Mile End South, SA 5031, Australia
- Correspondence: (S.F.); (E.V.d.S.)
| | - Elisama Vieira dos Santos
- Laboratório de Eletroquímica Ambiental e Aplicada, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Lagoa Nova, Natal 59.072-900, RN, Brazil; (T.M.B.); (D.M.d.A.); (A.T.L.d.M.); (C.A.M.-H.)
- Correspondence: (S.F.); (E.V.d.S.)
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Green Composite Sensor for Monitoring Hydroxychloroquine in Different Water Matrix. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14174990. [PMID: 34501080 PMCID: PMC8434169 DOI: 10.3390/ma14174990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), a derivative of 4-aminoquinolone, is prescribed as an antimalarial prevention drug and to treat diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, and systemic lupus erythematosus. Recently, Coronavirus (COVID-19) treatment was authorized by national and international medical organizations by chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine in certain hospitalized patients. However, it is considered as an unproven hypothesis for treating COVID-19 which even itself must be investigated. Consequently, the high risk of natural water contamination due to the large production and utilization of HCQ is a key issue to overcome urgently. In fact, in Brazil, the COVID-19 kit (hydroxychloroquine and/or ivermectin) has been indicated as pre-treatment, and consequently, several people have used these drugs, for longer periods, converting them in emerging water pollutants when these are excreted and released to aquatic environments. For this reason, the development of tools for monitoring HCQ concentration in water and the treatment of polluted effluents is needed to minimize its hazardous effects. Then, in this study, an electrochemical measuring device for its environmental application on HCQ control was developed. A raw cork–graphite electrochemical sensor was prepared and a simple differential pulse voltammetric (DPV) method was used for the quantitative determination of HCQ. Results indicated that the electrochemical device exhibited a clear current response, allowing one to quantify the analyte in the 5–65 µM range. The effectiveness of the electrochemical sensor was tested in different water matrices (in synthetic and real) and lower HCQ concentrations were detected. When comparing electrochemical determinations and spectrophotometric measurements, no significant differences were observed (mean accuracy 3.0%), highlighting the potential use of this sensor in different environmental applications.
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Electrochemical Determination of Lead Using A Composite Sensor Obtained from Low-Cost Green Materials:Graphite/Cork. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11052355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to develop an inexpensive, simple, and highly selective cork-modified carbon paste electrode for the determination of Pb(II) by differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry (DPASV) and square-wave anodic stripping voltammetry (SWASV). Among the cork–graphite electrodes investigated, the one containing 70% w/w carbon showed the highest sensitivity for the determination of Pb(II) in aqueous solutions. Under SWASV conditions, its linear range and relative standard deviation are equal to 1–25 µM and 1.4%, respectively; the limit of detection complies with the value recommended by the World Health Organization. To optimize the operating conditions, the selectivity and accuracy of the analysis were further investigated by SWASV in acidic media. Finally, the electrode was successfully applied for the determination of Pb(II) in natural water samples, proving to be a sensitive electrochemical sensor that meets the stringent environmental control requirements.
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Applicability of Cork as Novel Modifiers to Develop Electrochemical Sensor for Caffeine Determination. MATERIALS 2020; 14:ma14010037. [PMID: 33374209 PMCID: PMC7794975 DOI: 10.3390/ma14010037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This study aims to investigate the applicability of a hybrid electrochemical sensor composed of cork and graphite (Gr) for detecting caffeine in aqueous solutions. Raw cork (RAC) and regranulated cork (RGC, obtained by thermal treatment of RAC with steam at 380 °C) were tested as modifiers. The results clearly showed that the cork-graphite sensors, GrRAC and GrRGC, exhibited a linear response over a wide range of caffeine concentration (5-1000 µM), with R2 of 0.99 and 0.98, respectively. The limits of detection (LOD), estimated at 2.9 and 6.1 µM for GrRAC and GrRGC, suggest greater sensitivity and reproducibility than the unmodified conventional graphite sensor. The low-cost cork-graphite sensors were successfully applied in the determination of caffeine in soft drinks and pharmaceutical formulations, presenting well-defined current signals when analyzing real samples. When comparing electrochemical determinations and high performance liquid chromatography measurements, no significant differences were observed (mean accuracy 3.0%), highlighting the potential use of these sensors to determine caffeine in different samples.
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Venkadesh A, Mathiyarasu J, Radhakrishnan S. Voltammetric Sensing of Caffeine in Food Sample Using Cu‐MOF and Graphene. ELECTROANAL 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.202060488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Venkadesh
- Electrodics and Electrocatalysis Division CSIR-Central Electrochemical Research Institute (CECRI) Karaikudi 630 003 Tamilnadu India
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad 201 002 Uttar Pradesh India
| | - J. Mathiyarasu
- Electrodics and Electrocatalysis Division CSIR-Central Electrochemical Research Institute (CECRI) Karaikudi 630 003 Tamilnadu India
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad 201 002 Uttar Pradesh India
| | - S. Radhakrishnan
- Electrodics and Electrocatalysis Division CSIR-Central Electrochemical Research Institute (CECRI) Karaikudi 630 003 Tamilnadu India
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad 201 002 Uttar Pradesh India
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Henrique JM, Monteiro MK, Cardozo JC, Martínez-Huitle CA, da Silva DR, dos Santos EV. Integrated-electrochemical approaches powered by photovoltaic energy for detecting and treating paracetamol in water. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2020.114734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Morelli DC, Mafra G, Santos AV, Merib J, Carasek E. Designing a green device to BAμE: Recycled cork pellet as extraction phase for the determination of parabens in river water samples. Talanta 2020; 219:121369. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2020.121369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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Monteiro MKS, Santos ECMM, Silva DR, Martínez-Huitle CA, dos Santos EV. Simultaneous determination of paracetamol and caffeine in pharmaceutical formulations and synthetic urine using cork-modified graphite electrodes. J Solid State Electrochem 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10008-020-04722-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Abstract
Green analytical chemistry principles aim to minimize the negative impact of analytical procedures in the environment, which can be considered both at close (to ensure the safety of the analysts) and global (to conserve our natural resources) levels. These principles suggest, among other guidelines, the reduction/minimization of the sample treatment and the use of renewable sources when possible. The first aspect is largely fulfilled by microextraction, which is considered to be among the greenest sample treatment techniques. The second consideration is attainable if natural products are used as raw materials for the preparation of new extraction phases. This strategy is in line with the change in our production system, which is being gradually moved from a linear model (take–make–dispose) to a circular one (including reusing and recycling as key terms). This article reviews the potential of natural products as sorbents in extraction and microextraction techniques from the synergic perspectives of two research groups working on the topic. The article covers the use of unmodified natural materials and the modified ones (although the latter has a less green character) to draw a general picture of the usefulness of the materials.
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Luchiari NDC, da Silva GA, Marasco Júnior CA, de Lima Gomes PCF. Development of miniaturized fluorimetric device for caffeine determination using a smartphone. RSC Adv 2019; 9:35033-35038. [PMID: 35530710 PMCID: PMC9074131 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra06220c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Caffeine is an element that is consumed worldwide. It is present in many products such as beverages, chocolate, coffee, tea, energy drinks and medicines. Portable 3D devices working together with colorimetric and fluorimetric reactions have been able to determine the presence of caffeine in different kinds of samples. Also, digital image-based methods using smartphones have conferred portability and accessibility to miniaturized devices that are innovative and promising options for quick and low cost analyses. This study proposes a miniaturized fluorimetric device to determine caffeine by digital image using a smartphone. The OpenCamera app was used to capture images that were processed using ImageJ software to obtain RGB channels values. The red (R) channel signal intensity was selected as the analytical response. The device developed was applied to determine caffeine in an energy drink and medicines. The method developed presented a linear range from 100 to 600 mg L−1 of caffeine, and quantification (LOQ) and detection (LOD) limits of 100 mg L−1 and 30.0 mg L−1, respectively. The caffeine concentration found in the products analyzed was 328 mg L−1 (±2.5%) for the energy drink, 345 mg L−1 (±15%) for medicine A and 322 mg L−1 (±7.3%) for medicine B. The proposed device presented important characteristics such as low cost, required small volumes of reagents and samples, quick analysis, portability and suitable to be applied in complex matrices. This study proposes a miniaturized fluorimetric device to determine caffeine in an energy drink and medicines by digital image using a smartphone.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Natália da Costa Luchiari
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Unesp, National Institute for Alternative Technologies of Detection, Toxicological Evaluation and Removal of Micropollutants and Radioactives (INCT-DATREM), Institute of Chemistry P.O. Box 355 14800-900 Araraquara (SP) Brazil
| | - Gabrielen Alves da Silva
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Unesp, National Institute for Alternative Technologies of Detection, Toxicological Evaluation and Removal of Micropollutants and Radioactives (INCT-DATREM), Institute of Chemistry P.O. Box 355 14800-900 Araraquara (SP) Brazil
| | - César Augusto Marasco Júnior
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Unesp, National Institute for Alternative Technologies of Detection, Toxicological Evaluation and Removal of Micropollutants and Radioactives (INCT-DATREM), Institute of Chemistry P.O. Box 355 14800-900 Araraquara (SP) Brazil
| | - Paulo Clairmont Feitosa de Lima Gomes
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Unesp, National Institute for Alternative Technologies of Detection, Toxicological Evaluation and Removal of Micropollutants and Radioactives (INCT-DATREM), Institute of Chemistry P.O. Box 355 14800-900 Araraquara (SP) Brazil
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