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Zhang B, Mao W, Chen S, Wang X. Characteristics and key driving factors of nitrous oxide emissions from a full-scale landfill leachate treatment system. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 931:172821. [PMID: 38688376 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
The characteristics of N2O emission from a full-scale landfill leachate treatment system were investigated by in-situ monitoring over 1.4 years and driving factors responsible for these emissions were identified by statistical analysis of multidimensional environmental variables. The results showed that the maximum N2O emission flux of 2.21 × 107 mg N·h-1 occurred in the nitrification tanks, where 98.5 % of the total N2O was released, with only 1.5 % of the total N2O emitted from the denitrification tanks. Limited oxygen in nitrification tank was responsible for N2O hotspot. The N2O emissions from the parallel lines A and B (both comprising the primary biochemical system) accounted for 52.6 % and 46.6 %, respectively, while the secondary biochemical system contributed only 0.8 % to the total emissions. Higher nitrite concentration in line A and lower nitrogen loading in the secondary biochemical system caused these discrepancies. We found that during the steady state of leachate treatment, intensive N2O emissions of 253.4-1270.5 kg N·d-1 were measured. The corresponding N2O emission factor (EF) ranged from 8.86 to 49.6 %, much higher than those of municipal wastewater treatment. But N2O EF was inconceivably as low as 0.42 % averagely after system maintenance. Influent with low salinity was the key reason, followed by the high MLSS and varying microbial community after maintenance. The dominant genus shifted from Lentimicrobium and Thauera to Norank-F-Anaerolineaceae and Unclassified-F-Rhodocyclaceae. This study underscores the significance of landfill leachate treatment in urban nitrogen management and provides valuable insights into the characteristics and driving factors of N2O emissions from such systems. The findings offer important references for greenhouse gas emission inventories and strategies for N2O control in full-scale wastewater treatment plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Wenlong Mao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Urban Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, CAS Haixi Industrial Technology Innovation Center in Beilun, Ningbo 315830, China.
| | - Shaohua Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China.
| | - Xiaojun Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China.
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Zhang C, Guo Y, Wang X, Chen S. Temporal and spatial variation of greenhouse gas emissions from a limited-controlled landfill site. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2019; 127:387-394. [PMID: 30954725 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.03.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Revised: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Landfilling biodegradable waste is an important source of global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Among the several types of landfill, limited-controlled landfill is a common method used to dispose of domestic solid waste, especially in developing countries. However, information about GHG emissions from limited-controlled landfill sites has rarely been reported. In this study, the GHG emissions from a typical limited-controlled landfill site were investigated under a regular period for one year. The number and positions of static chambers were arranged according to the guidance on Monitoring Landfill Gas Surface Emissions by the UK Environment Agency to obtain representative data from the heterogeneous surface of the landfill. Inverse distance weighting (IDW) was applied to evaluate and visualise the GHG emissions from the whole landfill surface based on the measurements of distributed static chambers. As an important GHG source of the landfill site, the emissions from the landfill leachate treatment plant were also measured. The results revealed that CH4 and N2O emission fluxes from the landfill area were 1324.73 ± 2005.17 mg C m-2 d-1 and 2.16 ± 2.33 mg N m-2 d-1, respectively, and the fluxes from the leachate treatment plants were 23.92 ± 29.20 mg C m-2 d-1 and 16.40 ± 16.89 mg N m-2 d-1, respectively. CH4 and N2O releases preferred to present spatial heterogeneity, while temporal heterogeneity was expected to exist in CH4 and CO2 emissions. The annual GHG emissions from the limited-controlled landfill was calculated to be 1.078 Gg CO2-eq yr-1, which was the least among all types of landfill sites. In addition, the GHG emission factor was 0.042 t CO2-eq t-1 waste yr-1 which could not be ignored compared to the sanitary landfills. Therefore, it is advisable to give more attention and determine a potential solution for reducing GHG emissions from limited-controlled landfill sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengliang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yan Guo
- Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiaojun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Shaohua Chen
- Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China.
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Wang X, Jia M, Zhang C, Chen S, Cai Z. Leachate treatment in landfills is a significant N 2O source. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 596-597:18-25. [PMID: 28412567 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.04.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2017] [Revised: 04/01/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The importance of methane (CH4) emissions from landfills has been extensively documented, while the nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from landfills are considered negligible. In this study, three landfills were selected to measure CH4 and N2O emissions using the static chamber method. Dongbu (DB) and Dongfu (DF) landfills, both located in Xiamen city, Fujian Province, were classified as sanitary. The former started to receive solid waste from Xiamen city in 2009, and the latter was closed in 2009. Nanjing (NJ) landfill, located in Nanjing county, Fujian Province, was classified as managed. Results showed that for the landfill reservoirs, CH4 emissions were significant, while N2O emissions occurred mainly in operating areas (on average, 16.3 and 19.0mgN2Om-2h-1 for DB and NJ landfills, respectively) and made a negligible contribution to the total greenhouse gas emissions in term of CO2 equivalent. However, significant N2O emissions were observed in the leachate treatment systems of sanitary landfills and contributed 72.8% and 45.6% of total emissions in term of CO2 equivalent in DB and DF landfills, respectively. The N2O emission factor (EF) of the leachate treatment systems was in the range of 8.9-11.9% of the removed nitrogen. The total N2O emissions from the leachate treatment systems of landfills in Xiamen city were estimated to be as high as 8.55gN2O-Ncapita-1yr-1. These results indicated that N2O emissions from leachate treatment systems of sanitary landfills were not negligible and should be included in national and/or local inventories of greenhouse gas emissions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojun Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China.
| | - Mingsheng Jia
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China.
| | - Chengliang Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China.
| | - Shaohua Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China.
| | - Zucong Cai
- School of Geography Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China.
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Wang Z, Fei X, He S, Huang J, Zhou W. Comparison of heterotrophic and autotrophic denitrification processes for treating nitrate-contaminated surface water. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 579:1706-1714. [PMID: 27923576 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.11.194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2016] [Revised: 11/25/2016] [Accepted: 11/27/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The goal of this study was to compare the nitrogen removal rate, effluent algal growth potential (AGP), nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions and global warming potential (GWP) between two laboratory-scale bioreactors: the autotrophic denitrification biofilter (ADBF) and heterotrophic denitrification biofilter (HDBF) for treating nitrate-contaminated surface water. The comparative study of nitrogen removal rate between ADBF and HDBF was conducted by a long-term experiment, and the comparative study of the effluent AGP, N2O emissions and GWP between ADBF and HDBF were carried out by the corresponding batch tests. The results show that the heterotrophic and autotrophic denitrification rates were close to each other. Besides, the AGP of the ADBF effluent was 2.08 times lower than that of the HDBF effluent, while the N2O concentration in off-gas emitted from HDBF was 6-8 times higher than that from ADBF. The higher N2O-N emission rate of HDBF was mainly responsible for the higher GWP of HDBF than that of ADBF. Furthermore, with a novel light-weight filtration media (NLWFM) for filtration, the autotrophic denitrification (ADN) process combined with biofilter process would be the optimal denitrification process for nitrogen removal from nitrate-contaminated surface water. The study also provided a systematic method for evaluation of biological nitrogen removal (BNR) process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Xiang Fei
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Shengbing He
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China.
| | - Jungchen Huang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Weili Zhou
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
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Nuansawan N, Boonnorat J, Chiemchaisri W, Chiemchaisri C. Effect of hydraulic retention time and sludge recirculation on greenhouse gas emission and related microbial communities in two-stage membrane bioreactor treating solid waste leachate. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 210:35-42. [PMID: 26860618 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.01.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2015] [Revised: 01/26/2016] [Accepted: 01/28/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions and responsible microorganisms during the treatment of municipal solid waste leachate in two-stage membrane bioreactor (MBR) was investigated. The MBR system, consisting of anaerobic and aerobic stages, were operated at hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 5 and 2.5days in each reactor under the presence and absence of sludge recirculation. Organic and nitrogen removals were more than 80% under all operating conditions during which CH4 emission were found highest under no sludge recirculation condition at HRT of 5days. An increase in hydraulic loading resulted in a reduction in CH4 emission from anaerobic reactor but an increase from the aerobic reactor. N2O emission rates were found relatively constant from anaerobic and aerobic reactors under different operating conditions. Diversity of CH4 and N2O producing microorganisms were found decreasing when hydraulic loading rate to the reactors was increased.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nararatchporn Nuansawan
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kasetsart University, 50 Ngam Wong Wan Road, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Jarungwit Boonnorat
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kasetsart University, 50 Ngam Wong Wan Road, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Wilai Chiemchaisri
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kasetsart University, 50 Ngam Wong Wan Road, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Chart Chiemchaisri
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kasetsart University, 50 Ngam Wong Wan Road, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand.
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Liu M, Yang Q, Peng Y, Liu T, Xiao H, Wang S. Treatment performance and N2O emission in the UASB-A/O shortcut biological nitrogen removal system for landfill leachate at different salinity. J IND ENG CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2015.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Wu D, Wang C, Dolfing J, Xie B. Short tests to couple N₂O emission mitigation and nitrogen removal strategies for landfill leachate recirculation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2015; 512-513:19-25. [PMID: 25613766 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2014] [Revised: 12/30/2014] [Accepted: 01/11/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Landfills implemented with onsite leachate recirculation can efficiently remove pollutants, but currently they are reckoned as N2O emission hot spots. In this project, we evaluated the relationship between N2O emission and nitrogen (N) removal efficiency with different types of leachate recirculated. Nitrate supplemented leachate showed low N2O emission rates with the highest N removal efficiency (~70%), which was equivalent to ~1% nitrogen emitted as N2O. Although in nitrite containing leachates' N removal efficiencies also reached to ~60%, their emitted N2O comprised ~40% of total removed nitrogen. Increasing nitrogen load promoted N2O emission and N removal efficiency, except in ammonia type leachate. When the ratio of BOD to total nitrogen increased from 0.2 to 0.4, the N2O emission flux from nitrate supplemented leachate decreased from ~25 to <0.5 μg N/kg-soil·h. We argue prior to leachate in situ recirculation, sufficient pre-aeration is critical to mitigate N2O surges and simultaneously enhance nitrogen removal efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Wu
- Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Science, East China Normal University, 500 Dong Chuan Road, Shanghai 200062, PR China.
| | - Chao Wang
- Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Science, East China Normal University, 500 Dong Chuan Road, Shanghai 200062, PR China.
| | - Jan Dolfing
- School of Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK.
| | - Bing Xie
- Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Science, East China Normal University, 500 Dong Chuan Road, Shanghai 200062, PR China.
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Wang YN, Sun YJ, Wang L, Sun XJ, Wu H, Bian RX, Li JJ. N₂O emission from a combined ex-situ nitrification and in-situ denitrification bioreactor landfill. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2014; 34:2209-2217. [PMID: 25062936 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2014.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2014] [Revised: 06/09/2014] [Accepted: 06/21/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
A combined process comprised of ex-situ nitrification in an aged refuse bioreactor (designated as A bioreactor) and in-situ denitrification in a fresh refuse bioreactor (designated as F bioreactor) was constructed for investigating N2O emission during the stabilization of municipal solid waste (MSW). The results showed that N2O concentration in the F bioreactor varied from undetectable to about 130 ppm, while it was much higher in the A bioreactor with the concentration varying from undetectable to about 900 ppm. The greatly differences of continuous monitoring of N2O emission after leachate cross recirculation in each period were primarily attributed to the stabilization degree of MSW. Moreover, the variation of N2O concentration was closely related to the leachate quality in both bioreactors and it was mainly affected by the COD and COD/TN ratio of leachate from the F bioreactor, as well as the DO, ORP, and NO3(-)-N of leachate from the A bioreactor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-nan Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao Technological University, Qingdao 266033, China
| | - Ying-jie Sun
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao Technological University, Qingdao 266033, China.
| | - Lei Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Xiao-jie Sun
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Hao Wu
- Sanlihe Subdistrict Office, Jiaozhou, Qingdao 266033, China
| | - Rong-xing Bian
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao Technological University, Qingdao 266033, China
| | - Jing-jing Li
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao Technological University, Qingdao 266033, China
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Wang X, Jia M, Chen X, Xu Y, Lin X, Kao CM, Chen S. Greenhouse gas emissions from landfill leachate treatment plants: a comparison of young and aged landfill. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2014; 34:1156-1164. [PMID: 24594255 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2014.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2013] [Revised: 01/05/2014] [Accepted: 02/06/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
With limited assessment, leachate treatment of a specified landfill is considered to be a significant source of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. In our study, the cumulative GHG emitted from the storage ponds and process configurations that manage fresh or aged landfill leachate were investigated. Our results showed that strong CH4 emissions were observed from the fresh leachate storage pond, with the fluxes values (2219-26,489 mg Cm(-2)h(-1)) extremely higher than those of N2O (0.028-0.41 mg Nm(-2)h(-1)). In contrast, the emission values for both CH4 and N2O were low for the aged leachate tank. N2O emissions became dominant once the leachate entered the treatment plants of both systems, accounting for 8-12% of the removal of N-species gases. Per capita, the N2O emission based on both leachate treatment systems was estimated to be 7.99 g N2O-N capita(-1)yr(-1). An increase of 80% in N2O emissions was observed when the bioreactor pH decreased by approximately 1 pH unit. The vast majority of carbon was removed in the form of CO2, with a small portion as CH4 (<0.3%) during both treatment processes. The cumulative GHG emissions for fresh leachate storage ponds, fresh leachate treatment system and aged leachate treatment system were 19.10, 10.62 and 3.63 Gg CO(2) eq yr(-1), respectively, for a total that could be transformed to 9.09 kg CO(2) eq capita(-1)yr(-1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China.
| | - Mingsheng Jia
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China.
| | - Xiaohai Chen
- Xiamen City Environmental Sanitation Management Department, Xiamen 361000, China.
| | - Ying Xu
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China.
| | - Xiangyu Lin
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China.
| | - Chih Ming Kao
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan.
| | - Shaohua Chen
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China.
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Yusmartini ES, Setiabudidaya D. Characteristics of Leachate at Sukawinatan Landfill, Palembang, Indonesia. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/423/1/012048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Desloover J, Vlaeminck SE, Clauwaert P, Verstraete W, Boon N. Strategies to mitigate N2O emissions from biological nitrogen removal systems. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2012; 23:474-82. [PMID: 22244791 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2011.12.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2011] [Revised: 12/09/2011] [Accepted: 12/22/2011] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
N2O emissions from the biological treatment of sewage, manure, landfill leachates and industrial effluents have gained considerable interest among policy makers and environmental scientists. Estimated global emission rates from these sources can contribute up to 10% of the anthropogenic N2O emissions. Particularly at the level of a treatment plant, the N2O impact can be very significant and reach up to 80% of the operational CO2 footprint. Imperfect nitritation by an imbalance in the two-step nitritation metabolism of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria is considered as the main contributor to N2O production with hydroxylamine and particularly nitrite as key precursors. Monitoring of these compounds is warranted to understand and abate N2O emissions. Mitigation strategies should also comprise optimizations of the process parameters as well as bio-augmentative approaches empowered to restore the functional capacity and to deal with unwanted accumulation of intermediates. These strategies require validation for their effectiveness and costs at full-scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joachim Desloover
- Laboratory of Microbial Ecology and Technology (LabMET), Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Gent, Belgium
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Aziz SQ, Aziz HA, Yusoff MS, Bashir MJK, Umar M. Leachate characterization in semi-aerobic and anaerobic sanitary landfills: a comparative study. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2010; 91:2608-14. [PMID: 20739117 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2010.07.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2010] [Revised: 06/13/2010] [Accepted: 07/19/2010] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
This study analyzes and compares the results of leachate composition at the semi-aerobic Pulau Burung Landfill Site (PBLS) (unaerated pond and intermittently aerated pond) and the anaerobic Kulim Sanitary Landfill in the northern region of Malaysia. The raw samples were collected and analyzed for twenty parameters. The average values of the parameters such as phenols (1.2, 6.7, and 2.6 mg/L), total nitrogen (448, 1200, and 300 mg/L N-TN), ammonia-N (542, 1568, and 538 mg/L NH(3)-N), nitrite (91, 49, and 52 mg/L NO(2)(-)-N), total phosphorus (21, 17, and 19 mg/L), BOD(5) (83, 243, and 326 mg/L), COD (935, 2345, and 1892 mg/L), BOD(5)/COD (0.096,0.1124,0.205%), pH (8.20, 8.28, and 7.76), turbidity (1546, 180, and 1936 Formazin attenuation units (FAU)), and color (3334, 3347, and 4041 Pt Co) for leachate at the semi-aerobic PBLS (unaerated and intermittently aerated) and the anaerobic Kulim Sanitary Landfill were recorded, respectively. The obtained results were compared with previously published data and data from the Malaysia Environmental Quality Act 1974. The results indicated that Pulau Burung leachate was more stabilized compared with Kulim leachate. Furthermore, the aeration process in PBLS has a considerable effect on reducing the concentration of several pollutants. The studied leachate requires treatment to minimize the pollutants to an acceptable level prior to discharge into water courses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuokr Qarani Aziz
- School of Civil Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 14300 Nibong Tebal, Penang, Malaysia
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