1
|
Chen Y, Zheng L, Chen X, Hu J, Li C, Zhang L, Cheng H. Distribution of mercury and methylmercury in aquacultured fish in special waters formed by coal mining subsidence. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 280:116546. [PMID: 38843747 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
In China, fence net aquaculture practices have been established in some subsidence waters that have been formed in coal mining subsidence areas. Within this dynamic ecological context, diverse fish species grow continuously until being harvested at the culmination of their production cycle. The purpose of this study was to investigate diverse factors influencing the bioavailability and distribution of mercury (Hg) and methylmercury (MeHg), which have high physiological toxicity in fish, in the Guqiao coal mining subsidence area in Huainan, China. Mercury and MeHg were analyzed in 38 fish samples of eight species using direct mercury analysis (DMA-80) and gas chromatography-cold vapor atomic fluorescence spectrometry (GC-CVAFAS). The analysis results show that the ranges of Hg and MeHg content and methylation rate in the fish were 7.84-85.18 ng/g, 0.52-3.52 ng/g, and 0.81-42.68 %, respectively. Meanwhile, conclusions are also summarized as following: (1) Monophagous herbivorous fish that were fed continuously in fence net aquaculture areas had higher MeHg levels and mercury methylation rates than carnivorous fish. Hg and MeHg contents were affected by different feeding habits of fish. (2) Bottom-dwelling fish show higher MeHg levels, and habitat selection in terms of water depth also partially affected the MeHg content of fish. (3) The effect of fence net aquaculture on methylation of fish in subsidence water is mainly from feed and mercury-containing bottom sediments. However, a time-lag is observed in the physiological response of benthic fishes to the release of Hg from sediments. Our findings provides baseline reference data for the ecological impact of fence net aquaculture in waters affected by soil subsidence induced by coal mining in China. Prevalent environmental contaminants within coal mining locales, notably Hg, may infiltrate rain-induced subsidence waters through various pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yeyu Chen
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Anhui University, Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Mine Ecological Remediation, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China
| | - Liugen Zheng
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Anhui University, Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Mine Ecological Remediation, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China.
| | - Xing Chen
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Anhui University, Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Mine Ecological Remediation, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China
| | - Jie Hu
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Anhui University, Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Mine Ecological Remediation, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China
| | - Chang Li
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Anhui University, Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Mine Ecological Remediation, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China
| | - Liqun Zhang
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Anhui University, Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Mine Ecological Remediation, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China
| | - Hua Cheng
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Anhui University, Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Mine Ecological Remediation, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Dupont MC, Martinez-Tavera E, Rodriguez-Espinosa PF, Hernandez-Ramirez AG, Guadarrama Guzmán P. Sediment analysis and water quality assessment in the Pixquiac basin: drinking water supply of Xalapa city (Veracruz, Mexico). ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2024; 196:687. [PMID: 38958826 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-024-12841-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
Fluvial sediment analysis and water quality assessment are useful to identify anthropic and natural sources of pollution in rivers. Currently, there is a lack of information about water quality in the Pixquiac basin (Veracruz state, Mexico), and this scarcity of data prevents authorities to take adequate measures to protect water resources. The basin is a crucial territory for Xalapa, the capital city of Veracruz state, as it gets 39% of its drinkable water from it. This research analyzed 10 physicochemical parameters and 12 metal concentrations in various rivers and sources during two seasons. Dissolved metals presented average concentrations (µg/L): Al (456.25) > Fe (199.4) > Mn (16.86) > Ba (13.8) > Zn (7.6) > Cu (1.03) > Pb (0.27) > As (0.12) > Ni (0.118) (Cd, Cr and Hg undetectable). Metals in sediment recorded average concentrations (ppm): Fe (38575) > Al (38425) > Mn (460) > Ba (206.2) > Zn (65.1) > Cr (29.8) > Ni (20.9) > Cu (16.4) > Pb (4.8) > As (2.1) (Cd and Hg undetectable). During the rainy season, Water Quality Index (WAWQI) classified stations P17 and P18's water as "unsuitable for drinking" with values of 110.4 and 117.6. Enrichment factor (EF) recorded a "moderate enrichment" of Pb in sediment in P24. Pollution was mainly explained by wastewater discharges in rivers but also because of erosion and rainfall events. Statistical analysis presented strong relationships between trace and major metals which could explain a common natural origin for metals in water and sediment: rock lixiviation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M C Dupont
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigaciones y Estudios Sobre Medio Ambiente y Desarrollo (CIIEMAD), Instituto Politécnico Nacional (IPN), Calle 30 de Junio de 1520, Barrio La Laguna Ticomán, Del. Gustavo A. Madero, 07340, Mexico City, C.P, Mexico
| | - E Martinez-Tavera
- Universidad Popular Autónoma del Estado de Puebla (UPAEP), 21 Sur, 1103. Barrio de Santiago, 72410, Puebla, C.P, Mexico
| | - P F Rodriguez-Espinosa
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigaciones y Estudios Sobre Medio Ambiente y Desarrollo (CIIEMAD), Instituto Politécnico Nacional (IPN), Calle 30 de Junio de 1520, Barrio La Laguna Ticomán, Del. Gustavo A. Madero, 07340, Mexico City, C.P, Mexico.
| | - A G Hernandez-Ramirez
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigaciones y Estudios Sobre Medio Ambiente y Desarrollo (CIIEMAD), Instituto Politécnico Nacional (IPN), Calle 30 de Junio de 1520, Barrio La Laguna Ticomán, Del. Gustavo A. Madero, 07340, Mexico City, C.P, Mexico
- Prolongación de Carpio y Plan de Ayala S/N, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas (ENCB), Instituto Politécnico Nacional (IPN), Miguel Hidalgo, Santo Tomas, 07738, Mexico City, C.P, Mexico
| | - P Guadarrama Guzmán
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigaciones y Estudios Sobre Medio Ambiente y Desarrollo (CIIEMAD), Instituto Politécnico Nacional (IPN), Calle 30 de Junio de 1520, Barrio La Laguna Ticomán, Del. Gustavo A. Madero, 07340, Mexico City, C.P, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Hossain MB, Sultana J, Jolly YN, Nur AAU, Sultana S, Miazee R, Islam MS, Paray BA, Arai T, Yu J. Seasonal variation, contamination and ecological risk assessment of heavy metals in sediments of coastal wetlands along the Bay of Bengal. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2023; 194:115337. [PMID: 37516095 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023]
Abstract
Functioning of coastal wetland habitats is essential for the ecosystem integrity and sustainability of coastal development that enables human progress along transitional waterways. However, these habitats are continuously being affected by a variety of pollutants including metallic elements. In this study, seasonal variation, pollution status and ecological risks of heavy metals (Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, As, Cu, Zn and Pb) in surface sediment of the several types of coastal wetlands (estuaries, mudflats, sandy beaches, mangroves, and saltmarshes) were detected by using X-ray fluorescence (EDXRF) spectrometry. The results showed that the mean concentration level of metals in the surficial sediment samples followed the order of Cu (84.06 ± 8.60 μg/g) > Zn (51.00 ± 8.97 μg/g) > Mn (38.25 ± 11.34 μg/g) > Cr (3.52 ± 0.91 μg/g) > Pb (0.27 ± 0.13 μg/g) > Co (0.24 ± 0.13 μg/g) > As (0.21 ± 0.12 μg/g) > Ni (0.16 ± 0.08 μg/g). In comparison to the pre-monsoon period, the post-monsoon season had higher concentrations of heavy metals while the overall accumulation level of metals in the wetlands exhibited a pattern of estuarine wetland (28.47 ± 31.35 μg/g) > mangrove (22.23 ± 30.79 μg/g) > mudflat (21.79 ± 29.71 μg/g) > sandy beach (21.47 ± 28.15 μg/g) > saltmarsh (21.28 ± 30.02 μg/g). Although, the pollution assessment indices e.g., contamination factor (CF), degree of contamination (CD), geoaccumulation index (Igeo) and pollution load index (PLI) showed minimal levels of contamination in the studied sites, enrichment factor (EF) suggested greater enrichment of the metals in the pre-monsoon season but with the lowest ecological risk (RI < 40) in both seasons. Cluster analysis, principal component analysis (PCA), and Pearson's correlation were performed to determine the sources of heavy metals in collected samples which specified that Pb, As, Co and Ni predominantly came from natural sources whereas Cu, Mn, Zn and Cr emerged from anthropogenic sources such as industrial effluents, domestic wastewater, fertilizer or pesticide consumption on farmland along the riverbank, vessel emissions, and the confluence of tributary rivers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Belal Hossain
- Department of Fisheries and Marine Science, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali 3814, Bangladesh; School of Engineering and Built Environment, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia.
| | - Jakia Sultana
- Department of Fisheries and Marine Science, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali 3814, Bangladesh
| | - Yeasmin N Jolly
- Atmospheric and Environmental Chemistry Laboratory, Chemistry Division, Atomic Energy Centre, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | - As-Ad Ujjaman Nur
- Department of Fisheries and Marine Science, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali 3814, Bangladesh
| | - Salma Sultana
- Department of Fisheries and Marine Science, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali 3814, Bangladesh
| | - Rubel Miazee
- Department of Fisheries and Marine Science, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali 3814, Bangladesh
| | - M Saiful Islam
- Department of Fisheries and Marine Science, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali 3814, Bangladesh
| | - Bilal Ahamad Paray
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, PO Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Takaomi Arai
- Environmental and Life Sciences Programme, Faculty of Science, University Brunei Darussalam, Jala Tungku Link, Gadong BE 1410, Brunei Darussalam
| | - Jimmy Yu
- School of Engineering and Built Environment, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Baysal A. Elemental, Oxidative and Functional Group Characteristics of Sediments in the Industrial Marine area in Tuzla Aydinli Bay, Istanbul, Turkey Between 2016 and 2020. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2023; 110:85. [PMID: 37093260 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-023-03722-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to examine particle and surface characteristics of sediments from three sampling areas‒the industrial marine area in Aydinli Bay, the Marmara Sea, and the river tributaries of Aydinli Bay in Istanbul, Turkey‒over a period of five years (2016-2020). Since elemental composition and surface functional groups onto sediments characterize sorption of organic and inorganic substances, the study revealed that C, O, Si, and Al were common elements of sediments and Ti, S and Mg were at a relatively low level. The C = O and O-H related groups were at a higher level in the river tributaries and the Marmara Sea than Aydinli Bay. These functional groups have indicated the oxidative or weathering potential of particles. Moreover, the mineralogical nature of the Al-O, Fe-O and Si-O compounds were at a higher level in Aydinli Bay compared to the other sampling fields. Another important surface characteristic was the oxygen to carbon ratio which showed that the oxidation state was higher in the river tributaries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Asli Baysal
- Faculty of Science and Letters, Department of Chemistry, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak- Istanbul, 34469, Turkey.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Mercury in Selected Abiotic and Biotic Elements in Two Lakes in Poland: Implications for Environmental Protection and Food Safety. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13040697. [PMID: 36830482 PMCID: PMC9952536 DOI: 10.3390/ani13040697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Mercury, which tends to bioaccumulate and biomagnify in aquatic food webs, poses a potential health risk to wildlife and to consumers of predatory fish in particular. Its concentration in biota can be high even at low environmental concentrations. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine mercury in both abiotic (water and sediment) and biotic elements (common reed (Phragmites australis) and fish: pike (Esox lucius), bream (Abramis brama) and roach (Rutilus rutilus)) in the context of assessing the pollution of two lakes in Poland and the safety of fish consumers. The possibility of Hg biomagnification in fish was also considered. Mercury was determined by means of cold vapor atomic absorption spectrometry (CVAAS). The concentrations of Hg in water and bottom sediments of Lake Ińsko were lower than in Lake Wisola. In the bottom sediments of both lakes, a positive correlation was found between the Hg content and organic matter. The concentration of mercury in the organs of common reed did not exceed 0.017 mg/kg dry weight (dw), and its distribution can be presented as follows: root > leaves > stems > rhizomes. In fish organs from both lakes, the average mercury content did not exceed 0.086 mg/kg of wet weight (ww) and in most cases it was the highest in pike. Higher values were only observed in the muscles and skin of roach. This indicates a lack of biomagnification in the relationships between planktivorous-predatory and benthivores-predatory fish. Based on the maximum levels of mercury in fish and the calculated parameters, i.e., estimated daily intake (EDI), target hazard quotient (THQ) and tolerable weekly intake (TWI), the muscles of the examined fish were found to be safe for consumption. The average dietary exposure to total mercury (THg) and methylmercury (MeHg) was below 0.3% of the TWI.
Collapse
|
6
|
Distribution fractions and potential ecological risk assessment of heavy metals in mangrove sediments of the Greater Bay Area. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:45859-45871. [PMID: 36708483 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-25551-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The restoration of mangrove in coastal wetlands of China has been started since the 1990s. However, various pollutants, especially for heavy metals (HMs), contained in wastewater might present a significant risk to mangrove forests during the restoration. In this study, sediments of five typical mangrove wetlands with varying restoration years and management measures in the Greater Bay Area were collected to evaluate the distribution fractions and potential ecological risk of HMs. Cd (0.2-1.6 mg/kg) was found in high concentrations in the exchangeable fraction (37.8-71.5%), whereas Cu (54.2-94.8 mg/kg), Zn (157.6-332.6 mg/kg), Cr (57.7-113.6 mg/kg), Pb (36.5-89.9 mg/kg), and Ni (29.7-69.5 mg/kg) primarily presented in residual fraction (30.8-91.9%). According to the geo-accumulation index (Igeo) analysis, sediment Cd presented a high level of pollution (3 ≤ Igeo ≤ 4), while Zn and Cu were associated with moderately pollution (1 ≤ Igeo ≤ 2). Besides, high ecological risk of Cd was found in sediments of five mangroves, with risk assessment code (RAC) ranging from 45.9 to 84.2. Redundancy analysis revealed that the content of NO3--N was closely related to that of HMs in sediments and, pH value and NO3--N concentration affected the distribution of HMs geochemical fractions. High concentration of HMs in QA and NS sampling sites was caused by the formerly pollutants discharge, resulting in these sediments still with a higher HM pollution level after the plant of mangrove for a long period. Fortunately, strict drainage standards for industrial activities in Shenzhen significantly availed for decreasing HMs contents in mangrove sediments. Therefore, future works on mangrove conversion and restoration should be linked to the water purification in the GBA.
Collapse
|
7
|
Assessment of Heavy Metal Pollution in Suburban River Sediment of Nantong (China) and Preliminary Exploration of Solidification/Stabilization Scheme. WATER 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/w14142247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Sediments are sinks and sources of pollutants, playing a rather important role in metal migration and transformation. A set of toxic metals of Hg, Pb, Zn, Cr, Cu, Ni and Cd in a suburban river sediment was investigated in the Yangtze River Delta of China, Nantong, and then, the solidification/stabilization scheme and resource-oriented utilization for heavy metal-contaminated sediment were explored. The results showed that all of the metals were apparently higher than the background values. The geo-accumulation index indicated that Ni, Cr, Pb, Cu, Zn and Cd exhibited a none–moderately polluted degree, while Hg corresponded to the moderately contaminated grade. A correlation analysis showed that the contents of metals were not strongly affected by the pH and organic matter content (p > 0.05), but they were associated with each other (p < 0.05) and might have common natural and anthropogenic sources. Moreover, the leaching experiment revealed that the concentration of Ni exceeded the national standard of China for groundwater, which might cause environmental contamination. Thus, three effective solidification/stabilization formulations for amendments were developed: (1) zero valent iron (9.5% w.w.) and sodium carboxymethylcellulose (0.5% w.w.); (2) sulphate aluminum cement (1% d.w.) and sodium carboxymethylcellulose (0.3% d.w.) and (3) sulphate aluminum cement (1% d.w.), zero valent iron (0.5% d.w.) and sodium carboxymethylcellulose (0.3% d.w.). The findings can provide an effective approach and theoretical basis for the treatment of heavy metal pollution in river sediments.
Collapse
|
8
|
Rimá FB, da Silva YJAB, Teixeira MPR, Maia AJ, Assis KGO, da Silva RJAB, de Souza Júnior VS, da Silva YJAB, Lopes JWB, Barbosa RS, Singh VP. Phosphorus in soils and fluvial sediments from a Cerrado biome watershed under agricultural expansion. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2022; 194:388. [PMID: 35445983 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-022-09983-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Over the past decades, lands alongside Gurguéia River have witnessed rapid expansion of soybean agriculture which has increased soil degradation and affected nutrient concentration in sediment, especially phosphorus (P). The present study aimed to quantify the P concentration in soils under different land uses (i.e., croplands, grasslands, and cerrado) and fluvial sediments (suspended sediment, channel bank, and riverbed sediments), assessing pollution over the main watercourse in cerrado biome Gurguéia watershed, located in Piauí State, Brazil. In total, 136 composite soil samples at a depth of 0-5 cm, under different land uses, as well as 51 composite fluvial sediment samples were collected over the watershed. The land use change from native cerrado had resulted in an increase of total phosphorus (TP) whose concentration was higher in cropland areas, followed by suspended sediment, channel bank, and riverbed sediments. This high concentration in cropland areas resulted from phosphate fertilizer inputs. The transfer of phosphorus to water bodies was evidenced, since an increase of TP was observed in suspended sediment, channel bank and riverbed sediments. Mineralogical signatures in sediments were identified by X-ray diffraction analysis which showed the occurrence of kaolinite, illite, smectite, iron oxides, and other minerals in lesser proportions. The presence of 1:1 minerals was higher in riverbed sediments and downstream sampling points, while 2:1 minerals were present in higher proportions in suspended sediment and channel bank sediment, as well as at the upstream and middle sampling points. This finding shows that land use change from cerrado to cropland due to soybean agriculture expansion might increase P discharges from terrestrial to aquatic environments, with sediments being the major carrier of this element.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Angelo Jamil Maia
- Agronomy Department, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco (UFRPE), Dom Manuel de Medeiros Street, s/n, Dois Irmãos, Recife, PE, 52171-900, Brazil
| | | | | | - Valdomiro Severino de Souza Júnior
- Agronomy Department, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco (UFRPE), Dom Manuel de Medeiros Street, s/n, Dois Irmãos, Recife, PE, 52171-900, Brazil
| | - Ygor Jacques Agra Bezerra da Silva
- Agronomy Department, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco (UFRPE), Dom Manuel de Medeiros Street, s/n, Dois Irmãos, Recife, PE, 52171-900, Brazil
| | | | - Ronny Sobreira Barbosa
- Agronomy Department, Federal University of Piaui (UFPI), Planalto Horizonte, Bom Jesus, PI, 64900-000, Brazil
| | - Vijay P Singh
- Biological and Agricultural Engineering Department, Zachry, Department of Civil Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843-2117, USA
- National Water & Energy Center, UAE University, Al Ain, UAE
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Verma K, Pandey J. Collateral implications of carbon and metal pollution on carbon dioxide emission at land-water interface of the Ganga River. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:24203-24218. [PMID: 34822092 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-17729-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Atmospheric CO2 source and sink is among the most debated issues that have puzzled climate change geochemist for decades. Here, we tested whether heavy metal pollutants in river sediments favor preservation of organic matter through shielding microbial degradation. We measured CO2 emission and extracellular enzyme activities at land-water interface (LWI) of 7 sites along a 285 km main stem of the Ganga River and 60 locations up- and downstream of two contrasting point sources discharging urban (Assi drain; Asdr) and industrial (Ramnagar drain; Rmdr) wastewaters to the river. We found the lowest CO2 flux at Rmdr mouth characterized by the highest concentrations of Cu, Cr, Zn, Pb, Ni, and Cd. The fluxes were relatively higher at locations up- and downstream Rmdr. Substrate induced respiration (SIR), protease, FDAase, and β-D-glucosidase all showed a similar trend, but phenol oxidase and alkaline phosphatase showed opposite trend at the main river stem and Asdr. Sites rich in terrestrially derived organic matter have high phenol oxidase activity with low CO2 emission. The CO2 emission in the main river stem showed curvilinear relationships with total heavy metals (∑THM; R2 = 0.68; p < 0.001) and TOC (R2 = 0.65; p < 0.001). The dynamic fit model of main stem data showed that the ∑THM above 337.4 µg g-1 were able to significantly decrease the activities of protease, FDAase, and β-D-glucosidase. The study has implications for understanding C-cycling in human-impacted river sediments where metal pollution shields microbial degradation consequently carbon and nutrient release and merits attention towards river management decisions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kavita Verma
- Ganga River Ecology Research Laboratory, Environmental Science Division, Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Jitendra Pandey
- Ganga River Ecology Research Laboratory, Environmental Science Division, Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Li F, Yu X, Lv J, Wu Q, An Y. Assessment of heavy metal pollution in surface sediments of the Chishui River Basin, China. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0260901. [PMID: 35139087 PMCID: PMC8827479 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0260901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulated heavy metals in surface sediments are released into the aquatic environment, causing secondary contamination of the hydrosphere, and increasing the risks to human health. To evaluate the pollution characteristics of heavy metals in the sediments of the Chishui River Basin, in the present study, the concentrations of five heavy metals in surface sediments of the Chishui River Basin in China were investigated using the geo-accumulation index, pollution load index, and potential ecological risk indexes. These indexes evaluated the degree of contamination and the influence of human activities on heavy metal levels in the basin. Cu, Zn, Cd, Hg, and As were found at concentrations of 5.12–120.40, 36.01–219.31, 0.03–1.28, 0.01–1.18, and 1.56–11.59 mg kg–1, respectively, with mean values of 37.43, 91.92, 0.25, 0.07, and 5.16 mg kg–1, respectively, in the order Zn > Cu > As > Cd > Hg. The contamination indices revealed Hg as the principal pollutant based on the spatial distribution, while Pearson’s correlation coefficients suggested that Cu, Zn, and As originated from a similar source. Hg had a different source from the other metals, whereas Cd originated from a different source compared with that of Zn, As, and Hg. This paper showed a Hg and Cd contamination in the Chishui River Basin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fanxi Li
- Key Laboratory of Karst Environment and Geohazard Prevention, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Xia Yu
- The College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou Institute of Technology, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China
- The College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China
- State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, China
- * E-mail: (XY); (YA)
| | - Jiemei Lv
- The College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou Institute of Technology, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Qixin Wu
- The College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Yanling An
- The College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou Institute of Technology, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China
- The College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China
- * E-mail: (XY); (YA)
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Yipel M, Tekeli IO, Dikmen B, Yarsan E. Distribution and Ecotoxicological Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Streams of Amanos Mountains from Southern Turkey. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2021; 107:895-903. [PMID: 34228164 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-021-03316-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Assessing the potential ecological risks of chemical pollutants like heavy metals is a key tool of a sustainable environment. With this goal, ecotoxicological significant metal (Al, As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Ni, Pb, and Zn) levels of the water (n = 32) and sediment (n = 32) samples of streams [rural (8 points) and urban (8 points) sides] on Amanos Mountains were determined by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) and ecotoxicological risk assessment was performed through the potential ecological risk index (RI). The study region with intense urban activities has also ecological importance with regards to wildlife. It is located on the migration route of birds, hosts loggerhead and green sea turtles, Mediterranean seals, and some terrestrial species like mountain gazelle and striped hyena. All calculated RI values were below the potential risk limits and the ecotoxicological risk was observed to be very low. Metal levels should be monitored periodically, and necessary measures should be taken before the reflection of the increase to be determined by the risk assessment on the ecosystem.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Yipel
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, 31060, Hatay, Turkey.
| | - Ibrahim Ozan Tekeli
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, 31060, Hatay, Turkey
| | - Bilal Dikmen
- Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, General Directorate of Water Management, Republic of Turkey, 06510, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ender Yarsan
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ankara University, 06110, Ankara, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Jia Z, Li S, Liu Q, Jiang F, Hu J. Distribution and partitioning of heavy metals in water and sediments of a typical estuary (Modaomen, South China): The effect of water density stratification associated with salinity. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 287:117277. [PMID: 34004474 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2020] [Revised: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Many estuaries have undergone severe saltwater intrusion in addition to simultaneously experiencing serious heavy metal pollution. To explore the effect of water density stratification associated with saltwater intrusion on the behaviour of heavy metals (Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Pb, and Cd) in water and sediments, a field survey was conducted in a typical estuary (Modaomen). The content, distribution, and mobility of heavy metals were investigated, as well as the influence of environmental factors on their future. The results showed that Modaomen estuary was characterised by a notable variation in salinity along the estuary, presenting total freshwater upstream, high salinity stratification water in the mouth, and saltwater offshore. Dissolved metals presented a prominent gradient vertically, with 1.2-2.1 times higher in bottom water than in surface water and the highest contents in the highly-stratified bottom water. Elevated salinity and restricted mixing induced by water stratification were likely the causes of this outcome. The distribution of heavy metals in sediments was greatly governed by grain size, Fe/Mn (hydr)oxides, total organic carbon, salinity, and dissolved oxygen. Comprehensive evaluation, combined with total contents and chemical fractions of heavy metals, indicated that internal release from sediments contributed a considerable part to the higher levels of heavy metals in bottom water, particularly for Zn and Pb, which was fully consistent with their status in water body, and elevated salinity and lack of oxygen were likely the primary driving factors. During the phase-partition processes between bottom water and sediments, partitioning coefficients were markedly lower in the highly stratified zone, implying that saltwater intrusion facilitated the mobility and repartitioning processes of metals. Because of increased levels and toxicity of heavy metals in water and extended residence time during saltwater intrusion, the potential damage to the estuarine ecosystem should receive more attention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhen Jia
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Shiyu Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Qiuxin Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Feng Jiang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Jiatang Hu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Guangzhou, 510275, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai, 519000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Trace Metal Contamination of Bottom Sediments: A Review of Assessment Measures and Geochemical Background Determination Methods. MINERALS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/min11080872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
This paper provides an overview of different methods of assessing the trace metal (TM) contamination status of sediments affected by anthropogenic interference. The geochemical background determination methods are also described. A total of 25 papers covering rivers, lakes, and retention tanks sediments in areas subjected to anthropogenic pressure from the last three years (2019, 2020, and 2021) were analysed to support our examination of the assessment measures. Geochemical and ecotoxicological classifications are presented that may prove useful for sediment evaluation. Among the geochemical indices, several individual pollution indices (CF, Igeo, EF, Pi (SPI), PTT), complex pollution indices (PLI, Cdeg, mCdeg, Pisum, PIAvg, PIaAvg, PIN, PIProd, PIapProd, PIvectorM, PINemerow, IntPI, MPI), and geochemical classifications are compared. The ecotoxicological assessment includes an overview of Sediment Quality Guidelines (SQG) and classifications introduced nationally (as LAWA or modified LAWA). The ecotoxicological indices presented in this review cover individual (ERi) and complex indices (CSI, SPI, RAC, PERI, MERMQ). Biomonitoring of contaminated sites based on plant bioindicators is extensively explored as an indirect method for evaluating pollution sites. The most commonly used indices in the reviewed papers were Igeo, EF, and CF. Many authors referred to ecotoxicological assessment via SQG. Moreover, PERI, which includes the toxic response index, was just as popular. The most recognised bioindicators include the Phragmites and Salix species. Phragmites can be considered for Fe, Cu, Cd, and Ni bioindication in sites, while Salix hybrid cultivars such as Klara may be considered for phytostabilisation and rhizofiltration due to higher Cu, Zn, and Ni accumulation in roots. Vetiveria zizanoides demonstrated resistance to As stress and feasibility for the remediation of As. Moreover, bioindicators offer a feasible tool for recovering valuable elements for the development of a circular economy (e.g., rare earth elements).
Collapse
|
14
|
Sundar S, Roy PD, Chokkalingam L, Ramasamy N. Evaluation of metals and trace elements in sediments of Kanyakumari beach (southernmost India) and their possible impact on coastal aquifers. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2021; 169:112527. [PMID: 34051519 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Beach sediments of Kanyakumari at the southernmost India were evaluated for metals and trace elements and to assess their possible impact on coastal ecosystems. Positive correlations (except for Cd and Sr) between them indicated metamorphic lithologies and heavy mineral deposits as possible sources. Significant-extremely high enrichment and very high contamination of Th, Zr, Mo, Ti and U reflected the presence of different heavy minerals. The geo-accumulation index, however, mirrored their variable abundances at different sites. Association of Cd with P suggested the influence of anthropogenic solid waste from fishing industry. It might have caused >41-fold enrichment of Cd and the Fe- Mn-oxides possibly acted as scavengers for 13-fold enrichment of As compared to UCC. Concentrations of Zn and Cr between ERL and ERM in 13% and 93% of the samples, and Ni > ERM in 87% of sediments suggest their bioavailability to seawater with a potential risk for coastal aquifers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sajimol Sundar
- Department of Remote Sensing, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 620023, India.
| | - Priyadarsi D Roy
- Instituto de Geología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacan, Ciudad de México C.P. 04510, Mexico.
| | | | - Nagarajan Ramasamy
- Department of Applied Geology, School of Engineering and Science, Curtin University, CDT 250, Miri 98009, Sarawak, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Nawrot N, Wojciechowska E, Pazdro K, Szmagliński J, Pempkowiak J. Uptake, accumulation, and translocation of Zn, Cu, Pb, Cd, Ni, and Cr by P. australis seedlings in an urban dredged sediment mesocosm: Impact of seedling origin and initial trace metal content. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 768:144983. [PMID: 33454486 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.144983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The study presents results from 6 months of phytoremediation of sediments dredged from three urban retention tanks carried out in a mesocosm setup with the use of P. australis. Two kinds of P. australis seedlings were considered: seedlings originating from natural (uncontaminated - Suncont) and anthropogenically changed environments (contaminated - Scont); this distinction was reflected in the baseline concentrations of trace metals inside their tissues. The potentially toxic elements (PTEs) considered in this study were as follows: Zn, Cu, Cd, Ni, Cr, and Pb. The aim of the study was to compare the uptake, accumulation, and translocation properties of seedlings with different initial trace metal contents. The PTE concentrations were analyzed in sediments as well as in belowground and aboveground parts of plants in the middle (3rd month) and at the end of the investigation period using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), and the accumulation of PTEs in plant tissues was calculated. Phytoextraction efficiency was evaluated using the bioconcentration factor (BF) and translocation factor (TF). Plant morphology was assessed with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to document plant stress due to PTE exposure. The results of our study indicated that P. australis seedlings originating from sites differing in the initial trace metal content exhibited different behavior when grown on sediments dredged from urban retention tanks. Suncont seedlings with low initial metal contents tended to adapt to the dredged sediments and showed phytoextraction ability, while Scont seedlings originating from sites with initial high contents of trace metals acted as phytoexcluders and tended to release PTEs from their tissues into the sediments. The morphological and structural effects caused by metal toxicity were observed in growth limitation, root tissue disturbance, root hair number decrease, and structural alterations in the epidermis and endodermis. Therefore, the Suncont seedlings presented better properties and adaptability for phytoremediation purposes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Nawrot
- Gdańsk University of Technology, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland.
| | - Ewa Wojciechowska
- Gdańsk University of Technology, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Ksenia Pazdro
- Institute of Oceanology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Marine Geotoxicology Laboratory, Powstańców Warszawy 55, 81-712 Sopot, Poland
| | - Jacek Szmagliński
- Gdańsk University of Technology, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Janusz Pempkowiak
- Institute of Oceanology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Marine Biogeochemistry Laboratory, Powstańców Warszawy 55, 81-712 Sopot, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Li J, Chen Y, Lu H, Zhai W. Spatial distribution of heavy metal contamination and uncertainty-based human health risk in the aquatic environment using multivariate statistical method. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:22804-22822. [PMID: 33432404 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-12212-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metal contamination in the aquatic environment is one of the most serious health issues worldwide. In this study, an evaluation framework is developed to identify the sources and health risk of heavy metals (i.e., As, Hg, Cr, Cu, Zn, Pb, and Cd) contamination in the North Canal of Fengtai District, China, which is based on multiple approaches, including multivariate statistical method, health risk assessment, and uncertainty analysis. Spatial distribution of these heavy metals could exhibit their impact on the aquatic environment. Pearson's correlation analysis shows that a majority of the correlations between different heavy metals are not significant due to the differences in sources of heavy metals. Principal component analysis indicates that there are four principal components to explain 91.381% of the total variance. Moreover, health risk reveals that hazard quotient values are in low levels, ranging from 0.48 to 0.74, relative higher quotient levels could be observed in the northern section. The carcinogenic risk of Cd has exceeded the acceptable level in S1, S3, and S7. Sensitivity analysis ensures the reliability of health risk assessments. Furthermore, some specific recommendations are given to help decision-makers develop more comprehensive strategies for improving water environment quality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Related Land Surface Processes, Institute of Geographic Science and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Environmental Change and Ecological Construction, Hebei Technology Innovation Center for Remote Sensing Identification of Environmental Change, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, China
| | - Yizhong Chen
- School of Economics and Management, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300401, China.
| | - Hongwei Lu
- Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Related Land Surface Processes, Institute of Geographic Science and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Weiyao Zhai
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Environmental Change and Ecological Construction, Hebei Technology Innovation Center for Remote Sensing Identification of Environmental Change, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Kalantzi I, Rico A, Mylona K, Pergantis SA, Tsapakis M. Fish farming, metals and antibiotics in the eastern Mediterranean Sea: Is there a threat to sediment wildlife? THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 764:142843. [PMID: 33097273 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Chemical residues released from aquaculture farms may persist in the environment and may pose adverse ecological effects. The aim of this study was to assess the pollution status of marine sediments underneath or close to aquaculture farms in the Eastern Mediterranean Sea, the factors that affect the elemental distribution, and the exceedance of environmental quality standards and factors. To this end, surface sediment samples were collected (underneath fish cages, at 25 m distance and from a reference station) from 48 fish farms in Greece with variable environmental and geochemical characteristics. The content of 29 metals and major and trace elements, and three antibiotics (oxytetracycline, florfenicol, and flumequine), was determined in the sediment samples. Most of the elements found in the sediments originated from geological sources and their concentrations were close to Earth's Crust content. Below and close to fish farm cages, the sediment was enriched with P, Cu, Zn, Mo, and Cd mainly due to the aquaculture biosolid deposition, and changes in environmental conditions (increased organic matter, low redox potential). Cr and As were found to exceed twice the upper threshold limit of the available sediment quality guidelines in 13.5% and 7.3% of sampling stations, respectively. The potential ecological risk of V, Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As and Pb was found to be low in the sediment close to fish cages except for Cd, which may pose a moderate to considerable risk in 12.5% of sampled fish farms. However, the estimated risks for this metal may be influenced by the high background levels found in the investigated areas. This study also shows that the occurrence of antibiotics in sediments below fish farms in the Eastern Mediterranean Sea is very sparse (i.e., only flumequine was found in two farms) and concentration levels are relatively low.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ioanna Kalantzi
- Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, Institute of Oceanography, P.O. Box 2214, 71003 Heraklion, Crete, Greece; Biology Department, University of Crete, Voutes Campus, 70013 Heraklion, Crete, Greece.
| | - Andreu Rico
- IMDEA Water Institute, Science and Technology Campus of the University of Alcalá, Avenida Punto Com 2, 28805, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Kyriaki Mylona
- Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, Institute of Oceanography, P.O. Box 2214, 71003 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Spiros A Pergantis
- Environmental Chemical Processes Laboratory, Chemistry Department, University of Crete, Voutes Campus, 70013 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Manolis Tsapakis
- Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, Institute of Oceanography, P.O. Box 2214, 71003 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Krishnakumar S, Vidyasakar A, Anbalagan S, Godson PS, Kasilingam K, Parthasarathy P, Pradhap D, Saravanan P, Hariharan S, Rajkumar A, Neelavannan K, Magesh NS. Bioavailable trace metals and their ecological risks in the tourist beaches of the Southeast coast of India. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2020; 160:111562. [PMID: 32853841 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/09/2020] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The concentration of Acid Leachable Trace Metals (ALTMs) was assessed in urbanized tourist beaches (96 samples from Marina beach, 34 samples from Edward Elliot's beach, and 28 samples from Silver beach) of southeast coast of India. The concentration of metals accumulated in the beach sediment was less than the Upper Continental Crust (UCC) background reference values. The mean enrichment of ALTMs in the studied urban tourist beaches showed the following descending order: Marina beach - Cr > Pb > Ni > Zn > Cu > Mn > Co; Edward Elliot's beach - Cr > Pb > Ni > Mn > Co > Zn > Cu; Silver beach - Cr > Pb > Ni > Co > Mn > Cu > Zn. The ALTMs such as Fe, Mn, Co, Cu, and Zn were probably derived from natural weathering and mild anthropogenic influences whereas other metals were derived from anthropogenic induced factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Krishnakumar
- Department of Geology, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai 600025, India.
| | - A Vidyasakar
- Department of Geology, Periyar University PG Extension Centre, Dharmapuri 636701, India
| | - S Anbalagan
- Institute for Ocean Management, Anna University, Chennai 600025, India
| | - Prince S Godson
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Kerala, Thiruvananthapuram 695581, India
| | - K Kasilingam
- Department of Geology, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai 600025, India
| | - P Parthasarathy
- Department of Geology, A.V.S College of Arts and Science, Salem 636 106, India
| | - D Pradhap
- Department of Geology, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai 600025, India
| | - P Saravanan
- Department of Geology, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai 600025, India
| | - S Hariharan
- Department of Geology, Central University of Karnataka, Kadaganchi, Karnataka 585367, India
| | - A Rajkumar
- Department of Geology, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai 600025, India
| | - K Neelavannan
- Institute for Ocean Management, Anna University, Chennai 600025, India
| | - N S Magesh
- National Centre for Polar and Ocean Research, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Headland Sada, Vasco-da-Gama, Goa 403 804, India.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Sanjai Gandhi K, Pradhap D, Saravanan P, Krishnakumar S, Kasilingam K, Sukanta Patel H, Prakash P, Muthukumaran S, Magesh NS. Metal concentration and its ecological risk assessment in the beach sediments of Coromandel Coast, Southern India. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2020; 160:111565. [PMID: 32861937 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/09/2020] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The present study investigates the concentration of acid leachable trace metals (ALTMs) and their ecological risk in the beach sediments of Coromandel Coast, Southern India. In total, thirty-six beach sediments (eighteen samples from low tide and eighteen samples from high tide) were collected from the study area. The results of the study of the ALTMs suggest that the sediments are enriched by natural processes with significant anthropogenic influences. The distribution of ALTMs in beach sediments is in the following descending order: Fe > Cr > Mn > Pb > Ni > Cu > Co > Zn. The statistical results indicate that the metal concentrations were chiefly originated from natural processes such as leaching, weathering, and fluvial action. In addition, the textural characteristics, organic matter, and calcium carbonate percentage play an important role in the distribution of metals in the beach sediments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Sanjai Gandhi
- Department of Geology, PG Extension Centre, Periyar University, Dharmapuri 636701, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - D Pradhap
- Department of Geology, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai 600025, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - P Saravanan
- Department of Geology, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai 600025, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Krishnakumar
- Department of Geology, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai 600025, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - K Kasilingam
- Department of Geology, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai 600025, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - H Sukanta Patel
- Department of Geology, PG Extension Centre, Periyar University, Dharmapuri 636701, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - P Prakash
- Department of Geology, PG Extension Centre, Periyar University, Dharmapuri 636701, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Muthukumaran
- Department of Geology, PG Extension Centre, Periyar University, Dharmapuri 636701, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - N S Magesh
- National Centre for Polar and Ocean Research, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Headland Sada, Vasco-da-Gama, Goa 403 804, India.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Investigating the Status of Cadmium, Chromium and Lead in the Drinking Water Supply Chain to Ensure Drinking Water Quality in Malaysia. WATER 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/w12102653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Prolonged persistence of toxic cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr) and lead (Pb) in the aquatic environment are due to its nonbiodegradable characteristic. A few studies have reported higher concentrations of these metals in the transboundary Langat River, Malaysia. This study determined the spatial and temporal distributions of Cd, Cr and Pb concentrations (2005–2015) in the Langat River along with assessing the status of these metals in the drinking water supply chain at the basin. Water samples were collected once in 2015 from the drinking water supply chain, i.e., from the river, treated water at plants, taps and filtration water at households. Determined mean concentrations of Cd, Cr and Pb by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry in the Langat River were within the drinking water quality standard of Malaysia and the WHO, except for the Pb (9.99 ± 1.40 µg/L) concentration, which was at the maximum limit, 10 µg/L. The spatial and temporal distribution of these metals’ concentrations indicate dilution of it downstream, along with the increasing trend in rainfall and water flow, especially during the northeast monsoon. Significant correlation and regression analysis of the Cd, Cr and Pb concentrations also indicate that the sources of this metal pollution are mainly the natural weathering of minerals along with anthropogenic activities in the basin. The determined overall water quality of the Langat River is categorized Class IIA (i.e., clean), which requires conventional treatment before drinking; however, the maximum removal efficiency of these metals by the plants at the basin was about 90.17%. Therefore, the proactive leadership roles of the local authorities will be appropriate to reduce the pollution of this river as well as introducing a two-layer water filtration system at the Langat River Basin to accelerate the achievement of a sustainable drinking water supply.
Collapse
|
21
|
Chaudhary M, Walker TR, Willis R, Oakes K. Baseline characterization of sediments and marine biota near industrial effluent discharge in Northumberland Strait, Nova Scotia, Canada. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2020; 157:111372. [PMID: 32658714 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A bleached kraft pulp mill operating in Nova Scotia, Canada has discharged effluent into a former tidal estuary known as Boat Harbour since 1967. After treatment in Boat Harbour, effluent is discharged into Northumberland Strait. Contaminated sediments in Boat Harbour are slated for remediation following cessation of effluent discharge. A review of historical documents to identify contaminants in marine biota in Northumberland Strait found insufficient data to properly assess baseline conditions prior to remediation. This study measured metal, methylmercury, dioxin and furan concentrations in surficial sediments and American lobster (Homarus americanus), rock crabs (Cancer irroratus) and blue mussels (Mytilus edulis) in Northumberland Strait. When compared to Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment sediment quality guidelines and Canadian Food Inspection Agency tissue guidelines results indicated limited contamination in sediments and biota, posing low risk to marine biota. Long-term monitoring is recommended to verify effectiveness of remediation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meenakshi Chaudhary
- School for Resource and Environmental Studies, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Tony R Walker
- School for Resource and Environmental Studies, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Assessment of the Effect of Solid Waste Dump Site on Surrounding Soil and River Water Quality in Tepi Town, Southwest Ethiopia. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 2020:5157046. [PMID: 32587623 PMCID: PMC7298265 DOI: 10.1155/2020/5157046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Revised: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
An increase in urban population and the rising demand for food and other essentials perpetuate a rise in the amount of waste being generated daily by each household. In Ethiopia, this waste is eventually thrown into open dump sites. It can cause severe impact on soil and surface water quality. As a result, it becomes the probable source of human health risk through food chain. Therefore, this study was aimed at assessing the effect of a solid waste dump site on surrounding soil and river water quality in Tepi town, Southwest Ethiopia. Three surface water, one leachate, and four soil samples were collected and analyzed. Six heavy metals for surface water and leachate samples and four heavy metals for soil samples were measured by flame atomic absorption spectroscopy. In addition, physiochemical parameters were analyzed using standard methods. The data were analyzed statistically using Origin pro version 8.0 computer software packages. The pH of soil was slightly basic ranging from 8 ± 0.1 to 8.7 ± 0.21. Electrical conductivity was lower at 60 meters (1800 ± 0.5 μs/cm) and higher in the other sample sites (3490 ± 0.66-4920 ± 1.04 μs/cm). The concentration of heavy metals in soil samples revealed cadmium (0.53 ± 0.01-2.26 ± 0.02 mg/kg), zinc (623.93 ± 0.29-859.41 ± 0.02 mg/kg), lead (3.26 ± 0.25-57.560.26 mg/kg), and copper (204.06 ± 0.06-337.11 ± 0.01 mg/kg). Lead, cadmium, manganese, nickel, copper, and zinc were found in the leachate water; nickel and manganese were found in the nearby river water; BOD5 and COD for both leachate and stream water samples were found to be higher than standard guideline values. The finding suggested that solid waste open dump site adversely affects soil and water quality in the study area and becomes a probable source of risk for human health via the food chain.
Collapse
|
23
|
Wang Z, Chen Y, Chen L, Xi S, Liu Y, Dong Y, Miao L. Ex-situ treatment of sediment from a black-odor water body using activated sludge. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 713:136651. [PMID: 31955108 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.136651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Sediment containing numerous nutrients and pollutants has become an important consideration when treating black-odor water. Excessive activated sludge produced in wastewater treatment plants contains a large number of microorganisms, which is beneficial for removing organics and nutrients from the black-odor sediment. In this study, three types of sludge from a secondary sedimentation tank (SST), a digestion tank (DT), and an aerobic tank treating landfill leachate (AT_leachate) were used to treat black-odor sediment, respectively. All the three types of activated sludge enhanced the treatment performance of sediment. The SST sludge worked the best with the optimal dosage of 2.56 g/(kg sediment), and the removal of nitrogen and organics reached 57.03 and 28.14%, respectively. Illumina MiSeq sequencing revealed that the activated sludge significantly affected the microbial community of the sediment. In particular, SST sludge resulted in significant increase in the number of microorganisms related to nitrification and sulfur metabolism to 10.68 and 10.97%, respectively. This was found to be important for degrading organics and promoting nitrogen removal. This study provides an efficient strategy for the treatment of black-odor sediment, and also realizes the complete utilization of waste activated sludge.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zongping Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Yu Chen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Lei Chen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Shihao Xi
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Yun Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Yunsheng Dong
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Lei Miao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Unda-Calvo J, Ruiz-Romera E, Martínez-Santos M, Vidal M, Antigüedad I. Multivariate statistical analyses for water and sediment quality index development: A study of susceptibility in an urban river. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 711:135026. [PMID: 32000333 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Revised: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this study, multivariate statistical analyses were performed to develop water and sediment quality indexes, allowing us (i) to select with reliability the most appropriate chemical variables for the evaluation of river quality susceptibility; (ii) to weight the influence of each variable based on monitored data; (iii) to consider possible synergism or antagonism derived from the combined effect of several pollutants; and (iv) to express the quality as a deviation from selected site-specific reference conditions. For the establishment of these threshold/maximum values, combining two biological indicators related to denitrifying bacteria in sediments turned out to be applicable to ensure compliance with the European water quality standard. The joint implementation of water and sediment quality indexes assisted us in the rapid detection of the deleterious effect of different anthropogenic contamination sources, as well as the influence of hydrological regime seasonality on river quality. In addition, metal-dependent water quality appeared to be coupled to sediment dynamics, since they were preferentially adsorbed onto sediments during low flow seasons, whereas there was potential for metal mobilization to water during sediment resuspension in high flow seasons. Therefore, an annual determination of sediment quality index was also recommended as suitable tool for prospective monitoring water quality, identifying those sites which could deserve special attention during certain periods, and planning future strategies for river quality improvement. However, two limitations were found: (1) sediment was not appropriate for water physicochemical quality early monitoring due to organic matter and nutrient continuous transformation; and (2) a multimetric index did not provide a concise and definitive quality information, thus a new tool for combining with quality index was proposed for specifically evaluate the water and sediment quality by identifying pollutant/s of concern at each location.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Unda-Calvo
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Plaza Ingeniero Torres Quevedo 1, Bilbao 48013, Basque Country, Spain.
| | - Estilita Ruiz-Romera
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Plaza Ingeniero Torres Quevedo 1, Bilbao 48013, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Miren Martínez-Santos
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Plaza Ingeniero Torres Quevedo 1, Bilbao 48013, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Maider Vidal
- Department of Applied Chemistry, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Manuel de Lardizabal 3, Donostia-San Sebastián 20018, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Iñaki Antigüedad
- Department of Geodynamic, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa 48940, Basque Country, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Triassi M, Nardone A, Giovinetti MC, De Rosa E, Canzanella S, Sarnacchiaro P, Montuori P. Ecological risk and estimates of organophosphate pesticides loads into the Central Mediterranean Sea from Volturno River, the river of the "Land of Fires" area, southern Italy. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 678:741-754. [PMID: 31082780 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.04.202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Revised: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The organophosphate pesticides pollution in the Volturno River and its environmental impact on the Tyrrhenian Sea (Central Mediterranean Sea) were estimated. Eight selected organophosphate pesticides (diazinon, dimethoate, malathion, chlorpyrifos, pirimiphos-methyl, fenitrothion, methidathion and tolclofos-methyl) were determined in the water dissolved phase, suspended particulate matter and sediment samples collected from 10 sites in different seasons. Total organophosphate pesticides concentrations ranged from 0.12 to 65.09 ng L-1 in water (as the sum of the water dissolved phase and suspended particulate matter) and from 1.19 to 23.17 ng g-1 in sediment samples. It has been calculated that the discharge of pollutants from the Volturno river into the Tyrrhenian Sea was about 71.815, 31 g year-1; for this reason the river is to be considered one of the main mouths of organophosphate pesticides in the Tyrrhenian Sea. In relation to environmental risk assessment, the concentrations of most OPPs in water and sediments from the Volturno River and its estuary were lower than guideline values, but the mean concentration of chlorpyrifos (5.41 ng L-1) in the Volturno River and Estuary has been shown that the ecological integrity of the river watercourse is possibly at risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Triassi
- Department of Public Health, University "Federico II", Via Sergio Pansini n° 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Antonio Nardone
- Department of Public Health, University "Federico II", Via Sergio Pansini n° 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | | | - Elvira De Rosa
- Department of Public Health, University "Federico II", Via Sergio Pansini n° 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Silvia Canzanella
- Department of Public Health, University "Federico II", Via Sergio Pansini n° 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Pasquale Sarnacchiaro
- Department of Economics, University Unitelma Sapienza, Viale Regina Elena 295, Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Montuori
- Department of Public Health, University "Federico II", Via Sergio Pansini n° 5, 80131 Naples, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Chetty S, Pillay L. Assessing the influence of human activities on river health: a case for two South African rivers with differing pollutant sources. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2019; 191:168. [PMID: 30778691 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-019-7308-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The impact of agricultural and anthropogenic activities can play a significant role in heavy metal precipitation and transport in water. Human activities along two rivers: the Palmiet and Sezela Rivers in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, have been classified and metal contamination (Cr, Cu, Pb and Zn) and mobility assessed using a range of factors including contamination and enrichment factors, pollution load indices and water quality parameters. The overall assessment of the Palmiet River, which is characterised by industrial zone (predominantly metal works), followed by residential areas and informal settlements shows significantly elevated metal concentrations with high mobility and bioavailability. In contrast, the Sezela River, characterised by agricultural activities and informal settlements, shows total metal concentrations that pose a limited-to-no threat to human health and very limited metal mobility. The overall environmental assessment indicates that both rivers show deterioration; the Palmiet River has been severely impacted by the type of industrial activity, whereas the Sezela River has been more impacted by agricultural activity. This study highlights the role of different anthropogenic activities on river health and the potential health implications with the associated metal mobility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shaeen Chetty
- Molecular Sciences Institute, School of Chemistry, University of the Witwatersrand, Private Bag 3, Johannesburg, 2050, South Africa
| | - Letitia Pillay
- Molecular Sciences Institute, School of Chemistry, University of the Witwatersrand, Private Bag 3, Johannesburg, 2050, South Africa.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Unda-Calvo J, Ruiz-Romera E, Fdez-Ortiz de Vallejuelo S, Martínez-Santos M, Gredilla A. Evaluating the role of particle size on urban environmental geochemistry of metals in surface sediments. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 646:121-133. [PMID: 30053662 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.07.172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Revised: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In this study, non-destructive techniques (X-ray Diffraction, Infrared and Scanning Electron Microscopy with Energy Dispersive spectroscopies) and invasive procedures (pseudo-total and sequential metal extraction methodologies) were used to highlight the significance of evaluating different particle sizes of sediments for assessing the potential environmental and health implications of metal geochemistry in an urban ecosystem. The variability in composition and properties between bulk (<2 mm) and fine (<63 μm) fractions influenced the availability, and by extension, the toxicity of metals. Indeed, the fine fraction presented not only higher metal pseudo-contents, but also greater available metal percentages. Besides the larger surface area per unit of mass and the high content of clay minerals, it was observed that it was principally Fe/Mn oxyhydroxides that favour adsorption of metals on the fine surface sediments. However, although we demonstrated that the origin of metals in the bulk surface sediments was predominantly lithogenic, use of the <2 mm fraction proved to be a useful tool for identifying different sources of available metals throughout the Deba River catchment. Specifically, discharges of untreated industrial and urban wastewaters, and even effluents from wastewater treatment plants were considered to greatly increase the health risk associated with metal availability. Finally, an evaluation of sediment dynamics in different hydrological conditions has highlighted the role played by each particle size as a vector of metal transport towards the coastal area. While resuspension of fine surface sediments notably induced significantly higher particulate metal concentrations in water during the dry season, resuspension of bulk surface sediments and, fundamentally, downstream transport of suspended particulate matter became more relevant and lowered the ecological risk during the wet season. Greater attention therefore needs to be paid to the new hydrological scenarios forecast to result from climate change, in which longer seasons with low river discharges are forecast.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Unda-Calvo
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Plaza Ingeniero Torres Quevedo 1, Bilbao 48013, Basque Country, Spain.
| | - Estilita Ruiz-Romera
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Plaza Ingeniero Torres Quevedo 1, Bilbao 48013, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Silvia Fdez-Ortiz de Vallejuelo
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), E-8940 Leioa, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Miren Martínez-Santos
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Plaza Ingeniero Torres Quevedo 1, Bilbao 48013, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Ainara Gredilla
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), E-2018 San Sebastián, Basque Country, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Impact of Long-Term Reclaimed Water Irrigation on Trace Elements Contents in Agricultural Soils in Beijing, China. WATER 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/w10121716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
The rapid increase of reclaimed water irrigation on agricultural soils requires investigation of its impact on soil health. In this study, a simulation experiment for various lengths of long-term reclaimed water irrigation time (98, 196 and 236 years, respectively) was conducted in the southeast suburb of Beijing, China. Unirrigated soil served as the control. The environmental behavior of seven trace elements (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Pb and Zn) at different soil depths in 0–600 cm profiles was analyzed. Results showed that the 0–30 and 200–300 cm soil layers were more likely to accumulate trace elements under long-term reclaimed water irrigation, although the accumulation in the 0–600 cm profiles was not particularly obvious. Correlation analysis showed that the trace element concentrations and distribution were significantly related to clay fraction and organic matters (OM), whereas they were not related to redox potential (Eh). The potential ecological risk assessment showed that the long-term reclaimed water irrigation did not result in a significantly increased ecological risk. However, Cd and Hg were identified as the metals with the highest potential ecological risk in the study area and the trace element contents in the top 0–30 cm soil layer should be carefully monitored. Future studies are required to clarify the environmental risks of trace elements under long-term reclaimed water irrigation as they might slowly accumulate in soil with time.
Collapse
|
29
|
ELTurk M, Abdullah R, Rozainah MZ, Abu Bakar NK. Evaluation of heavy metals and environmental risk assessment in the Mangrove Forest of Kuala Selangor estuary, Malaysia. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2018; 136:1-9. [PMID: 30509789 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2018.08.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Revised: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This study was carried out to evaluate the distribution, enrichment and ecological risk of heavy metals (arsenic (As), zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn), copper (Cu) and lead (Pb)) concentration in Kuala Selangor estuary at the Kuala Selangor Nature Park. The results suggested that As and Pb in sediment were as high as the background value, suggesting the presence of anthropogenic contamination. The risk assessment of sediment Igeo, CD, and PERI, on the other hand, showed low risk of heavy metals in Kuala Selangor estuary. Meanwhile, risk assessment code (RAC) results showed that Mn, As and Zn presented medium to high level of environmental risk. The translocation factor and bioaccumulation factors of heavy metal concentration by mangrove vegetation showed a variety of trends, which indicates the different partitioning and uptake ability of heavy metal in the tissues of different mangrove species. Therefore, underscores the importance of preserving the high diversity of mangroves at securing the health and productivity of the coastal region. These results may play a critical role in facilitating decision makers in managing the sustainability of mangrove forests.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed ELTurk
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Rosazlin Abdullah
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Centre for Research in Biotechnology for Agriculture (CEBAR), University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - M Z Rozainah
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Institute of Ocean and Earth Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Nor Kartini Abu Bakar
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Vetrimurugan E, Shruti VC, Jonathan MP, Roy PD, Rawlins BK, Rivera-Rivera DM. Metals and their ecological impact on beach sediments near the marine protected sites of Sodwana Bay and St. Lucia, South Africa. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2018; 127:568-575. [PMID: 29475699 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2017.12.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Revised: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A baseline study on metal concentrations in sediments was initiated from the Sodwana Bay and St. Lucia, adjacent to marine protected areas (MPAs) of South Africa. They were analysed to identify the acid leachable metal (ALM) (Fe, Mg, Mn, Cr, Cu, Mo, Ni, Co, Pb, Cd, Zn and Hg) concentration pattern. Metal distribution in 65 sediment samples exhibits higher abundances of Cr, Mo, Cd and Hg compared to the Upper Continental Crust. We relate the enrichment of these metals to beach placer deposits and activities related to former gold mining. Geochemical indices affirmed that Cr and Hg caused contamination, and Hg posed ~90% harmful effect on the biological community. These beach sediments, however, host lower metal concentrations compared to many worldwide beaches and other beaches in South Africa. This study suggests that it is largely unaffected by human activities, however, the overabundance of Hg demands regular monitoring.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E Vetrimurugan
- Department of Hydrology, University of Zululand, Private Bag x1001, Kwa Dlangezwa, 3886, South Africa.
| | - V C Shruti
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigaciones y Estudios sobre Medio Ambiente y Desarrollo (CIIEMAD), Instituto Politécnico Nacional (IPN), Calle 30 de Junio de 1520, Barrio la Laguna Ticomán, Del. Gustavo A. Madero, C.P. 07340 Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - M P Jonathan
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigaciones y Estudios sobre Medio Ambiente y Desarrollo (CIIEMAD), Instituto Politécnico Nacional (IPN), Calle 30 de Junio de 1520, Barrio la Laguna Ticomán, Del. Gustavo A. Madero, C.P. 07340 Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico.
| | - Priyadarsi D Roy
- Instituto de Geología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad Universitaria C.P. 04510, Del. Coyoacan, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - B K Rawlins
- Department of Hydrology, University of Zululand, Private Bag x1001, Kwa Dlangezwa, 3886, South Africa
| | - D M Rivera-Rivera
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigaciones y Estudios sobre Medio Ambiente y Desarrollo (CIIEMAD), Instituto Politécnico Nacional (IPN), Calle 30 de Junio de 1520, Barrio la Laguna Ticomán, Del. Gustavo A. Madero, C.P. 07340 Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Mondal P, Reichelt-Brushett AJ, Jonathan MP, Sujitha SB, Sarkar SK. Pollution evaluation of total and acid-leachable trace elements in surface sediments of Hooghly River Estuary and Sundarban Mangrove Wetland (India). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:5681-5699. [PMID: 29230645 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-0915-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2017] [Accepted: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The present work investigated the spatial distribution and ecological risk assessment of total and mild acid-leachable trace elements in surface sediments (top 0-10 cm; grain size ≤ 63 μm) along the Hooghly (Ganges) River Estuary and Sundarban Mangrove Wetland, India. The trace elements, analyzed by ICPMS, showed wide range of variations with the following descending order (mean values expressed in milligrams per kilogram): Fe (25,050 ± 4918) > Al (16,992 ± 4172) > Mn (517 ± 102) > Zn (53 ± 18) > Cu (33 ± 11) > Cr (29 ± 7) > Ni (27 ± 6) > Pb (14 ± 3) > As (5 ± 1) > Se (0.37 ± 0.10) > Cd (0.17 ± 0.13) > Ag (0.16 ± 0.19) > Hg (0.05 ± 0.10). In the acid-leachable fraction, Cd (92%) is dominated followed by Pb (81%), Mn (77%), Cu (70%), and Se (58%) indicating their high mobility, imposing negative impact on the adjacent benthos. The sediment pollution indices (both enrichment factor and contamination factor) suggested severe pollution by Ag at the sampling site Sajnekhali, a wildlife sanctuary in Sundarban. The mean probable effect level quotient indicated that surface sediments in the vicinity of the studied region have 21% probability of toxicity to biota. The result of multivariate analyses affirms lithogenic sources (e.g., weathering parent rocks, dry deposition) for As, Pb, Cr, Cu, and Ni, whereas Cd and Hg originated from anthropogenic activities (such as urban and industrial activities). Both human-induced stresses and natural processes controlled trace element accumulation and distribution in the estuarine system, and remedial measures are required to mitigate the potential impacts of these hazardous trace elements.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Mondal
- Department of Marine Science, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Calcutta, 700019, India
| | - Amanda J Reichelt-Brushett
- Marine Ecology Research Centre, School of Environment, Science & Engineering, Southern Cross University, Military Rd, Lismore, NSW, 2480, Australia
| | - M P Jonathan
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigaciones y Estudios sobre Medio Ambiente y Desarrollo (CIIEMAD), Instituto Politécnico Nacional (IPN), Calle 30 de Junio de 1520, Barrio la Laguna Ticoman, Del. Gustavo A. Madero, C.P. 07340, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - S B Sujitha
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigaciones y Estudios sobre Medio Ambiente y Desarrollo (CIIEMAD), Instituto Politécnico Nacional (IPN), Calle 30 de Junio de 1520, Barrio la Laguna Ticoman, Del. Gustavo A. Madero, C.P. 07340, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Santosh Kumar Sarkar
- Department of Marine Science, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Calcutta, 700019, India.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Alkas FB, Shaban JA, Sukuroglu AA, Kurt MA, Battal D, Saygi S. Monitoring and assessment of heavy metal/metalloid concentration by inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy (ICP-MS) method in Gonyeli Lake, Cyprus. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2017; 189:516. [PMID: 28940080 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-017-6222-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 09/04/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The presence of heavy metals/metalloids in the ecosystem has been an increasing ecological and global public health concern due to their potential to cause adverse health effects. For this reason, the accumulation of some heavy metals such as Cr, Mn, Ni, Cu, As, Cd, Pb was assessed by way of ICP-MS in water, sediment and fish (Cyprinus carpio) sampled from Gonyeli Lake, North Cyprus. The results showed that these metals/metalloids are found widespread throughout the study area. In water, most concentrated element was manganese with 92.1 ppb and least concentrated was lead with 0.914 ppb. In sediment, copper had the highest concentration with 613 ppm, and cadmium the lowest with 1.57 ppm. In fish tissues (muscle and gills), the most concentrated element was manganese with 12.5 ppm and the least concentrated cadmium with 0.017 ppm. These results indicate that future remediation efforts are indispensable for the rehabilitation of the lake.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fehmi Burak Alkas
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Toxicology, Near East University, 99138, Nicosia, North Cyprus
| | - Jehad Abdullah Shaban
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Toxicology, Near East University, 99138, Nicosia, North Cyprus
| | - Ayca Aktas Sukuroglu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Toxicology, Gazi University, 06330, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Ali Kurt
- Faculty of Engineering, Department of Environmental Engineering, Mersin University, 33343, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Dilek Battal
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Toxicology, Near East University, 99138, Nicosia, North Cyprus.
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Toxicology, Mersin University, 33169, Mersin, Turkey.
| | - Sahan Saygi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Toxicology, Near East University, 99138, Nicosia, North Cyprus
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Wang Y, Huang Q, Lemckert C, Ma Y. Laboratory and field magnetic evaluation of the heavy metal contamination on Shilaoren Beach, China. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2017; 117:291-301. [PMID: 28189371 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2017.01.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2016] [Revised: 01/26/2017] [Accepted: 01/28/2017] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
This study uses magnetic measurements to evaluate the heavy metal contamination of the surface sediments on Shilaoren Beach. The values of the laboratory magnetic measurements have a positive relationship with the concentrations of Fe, Mn, Cr, Ni, As and Pb. The field magnetic parameter provides an effective and rapid method for evaluating the distribution and dispersal of heavy metal. Sediments with higher heavy metal contents generally accumulate near higher and lower tide lines on the beach, reflecting the control of waves and tides. The sewage and stormwater outlets are the primary sources of the heavy metal contamination. Variations in seasonal waves and winds affect the sediment transport and the heavy metal distribution patterns. Based on the Australian ISQG-Low sediment quality criteria, Fe, Mn and Cr generally exhibit intermediate accumulation levels, whereas Pb and Zn exhibit higher accumulation levels because of the socioeconomic status of the area surrounding the beach.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yonghong Wang
- Key Lab of Submarine Geosciences and Prospecting Techniques, MOE, College of Marine Geosciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, PR China.
| | - Qinghui Huang
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment of the Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Charles Lemckert
- Griffith School of Engineering, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith University, 4222 Queensland, Australia
| | - Ying Ma
- Key Lab of Submarine Geosciences and Prospecting Techniques, MOE, College of Marine Geosciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Unda-Calvo J, Martínez-Santos M, Ruiz-Romera E. Chemical and physiological metal bioaccessibility assessment in surface bottom sediments from the Deba River urban catchment: Harmonization of PBET, TCLP and BCR sequential extraction methods. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2017; 138:260-270. [PMID: 28081488 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2016.12.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2016] [Revised: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 12/27/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, the physiologically based extraction test PBET (gastric and intestinal phases) and two chemical based extraction methods, the toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP) and the sequential extraction procedure BCR 701 (Community Bureau of Reference of the European Commission) have been used to estimate and evaluate the bioaccessibility of metals (Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Ni, Cr and Pb) in sediments from the Deba River urban catchment. The statistical analysis of data and comparison among physiological and chemical methods have highlighted the relevance of simulate the gastrointestinal tract environment since metal bioaccessibility seems to depend on water and sediment properties such as pH, redox potential and organic matter content, and, primordially, on the form in which metals are present in the sediment. Indeed, metals distributed among all fractions (Mn, Ni, Zn) were the most bioaccessible, followed by those predominantly bound to oxidizable fraction (Cu, Cr and Pb), especially near major urban areas. Finally, a toxicological risk assessment was also performed by determining the hazard quotient (HQ), which demonstrated that, although sediments from mid- and downstream sampling points presented the highest metal bioaccessibilities, were not enough to have adverse effects on human health, Cr being the most potentially toxic element.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Unda-Calvo
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of the Basque Country, Alameda Urquijo z/g, Bilbao 48013, Basque Country, Spain.
| | - Miren Martínez-Santos
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of the Basque Country, Alameda Urquijo z/g, Bilbao 48013, Basque Country, Spain.
| | - Estilita Ruiz-Romera
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of the Basque Country, Alameda Urquijo z/g, Bilbao 48013, Basque Country, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Dos Reis DA, da Fonseca Santiago A, Nascimento LP, Roeser HMP. Influence of environmental and anthropogenic factors at the bottom sediments in a Doce River tributary in Brazil. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:7456-7467. [PMID: 28110455 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-8443-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2016] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
In developing countries, it is uncommon to find watersheds that have been the object of detailed environmental studies. It makes the assessment of the magnitude of environmental impacts and pollution of these sites difficult. This research demonstrated ways to understand the dynamics of river bottom sediments contamination, even for watersheds with a lack of environmental data. Based on geochemical affinity, we conducted a comprehensive study on the concentration of metals and metalloids. Then, we discussed the probable origin of the concentration of these elements at the bottom sediment along the Matipó River. The Matipó River is an important tributary of the Doce River, which stood out in international headlines because of the mining tailing dam disaster in Mariana, Minas Gerais, in 2015. The bottom sediment samples were taken in 25 stations located along the basin in different seasonal periods. The results showed that copper ([Formula: see text] = 464.7 mg kg-1) and zinc ([Formula: see text] = 287.7 mg kg-1) probably have natural origin, despite of the high concentrations. Lead ([Formula: see text] = 28.0 mg kg-1), chromium ([Formula: see text] = 153.2 mg kg-1), and nickel ([Formula: see text] = 41.8 mg kg-1) also had high concentrations at some collecting stations, and this probably reflected the local natural conditions. The bedrock of the studying basin is dominantly composed of metabasalts and metatonalites interlayered with calcitic and dolomitic metalimestone. On the other hand, the concentration was worrisome in stations near human activities, possibly due to impacts caused by unsustainably agriculture and livestock.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deyse Almeida Dos Reis
- Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto (UFOP), Morro do Cruzeiro, S/N, Ouro Preto, MG, 35400-000, Brazil.
| | | | - Laura Pereira Nascimento
- Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto (UFOP), Morro do Cruzeiro, S/N, Ouro Preto, MG, 35400-000, Brazil
| | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Li N, Tian Y, Zhang J, Zuo W, Zhan W, Zhang J. Heavy metal contamination status and source apportionment in sediments of Songhua River Harbin region, Northeast China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:3214-3225. [PMID: 27392630 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-7132-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2016] [Accepted: 06/20/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The Songhua River represents one of the seven major river systems in China. It flows through Harbin city with 66 km long, locating in the northern China with a longer winter time. This paper aimed to study concentration distributions, stability, risk assessment, and source apportionment of heavy metals including chromium (Cr), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), mercury (Hg), arsenic (As), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), and nickel (Ni) in 11 selected sections of the Songhua River Harbin region. Results showed that Cr, Cd, Pb, Hg, and As exceeded their respective geochemical background values in sediments of most monitoring sections. Compared with other important rivers and lakes in China, Cr, Hg, Cd, and As pollutions in surface sediments were above medium level. Further analysis of chemical speciation indicated that Cr and As in surface sediments were relatively stable while Pb and Cd were easily bioavailable. Correlation analysis revealed sources of these metals except As might be identical. Pollution levels and ecological risks of heavy metals in surface sediments presented higher in the mainstream region (45° 47.0' N ~ 45° 53.3' N, 126° 37.0' E ~ 126° 42.1' E). Source apportionment found Hejiagou and Ashi River were the main contributors to metal pollution of this region. Thus, anthropogenic activities along the Hejiagou and Ashi River should be restricted in order to protect the Songhua River Harbin region from metal contamination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ning Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Yu Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China.
- , No.73, Huanghe Road, Nangang District, Harbin City, Heilongjiang Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Wei Zuo
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China.
| | - Wei Zhan
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Rios MC, Moreira ÍTA, Oliveira OMC, Pereira TS, de Almeida M, Trindade MCLF, Menezes L, Caldas AS. Capability of Paraguaçu estuary (Todos os Santos Bay, Brazil) to form oil-SPM aggregates (OSA) and their ecotoxicological effects on pelagic and benthic organisms. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2017; 114:364-371. [PMID: 27697322 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2016.09.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2016] [Revised: 09/02/2016] [Accepted: 09/22/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
For experiments concerning the formation of oil-suspended particulate matter (SPM) aggregates (OSA), oil and sediment samples were collected from Campos Basin and six stations of Paraguaçu estuary, Todos os Santos Bay, Brazil, respectively. The sediments samples were analyzed for organic matter determined by the EMBRAPA method, nitrogen determined by the Kjeldahl method, and phosphorus determined by the method described by Aspila. The oil trapped in OSA was extracted following the method described by Moreira. The experiment showed a relationship between the amount of organic matter and OSA formation and consequently the dispersion of the studied oil. On the basis of the buoyancy of OSA and the ecotoxicological effects on pelagic and benthic community, the priority areas for application of remediation techniques are Cachoeira, Maragogipe, and Salinas da Margarida because of the large amount of oil that accumulated at the bottom of the experiment flask (5.85%, 27.95%, and 38,98%; 4.2%, 17.66%, and 32.64%; and 11.82%, 8.07%, and 10.91% respectively).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariana C Rios
- Núcleo de Estudos Ambientais, Instituto de Geociências, Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Campus de Ondina, 40170-290 Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Ícaro T A Moreira
- Núcleo de Estudos Ambientais, Instituto de Geociências, Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Campus de Ondina, 40170-290 Salvador, BA, Brazil.
| | - Olívia M C Oliveira
- Núcleo de Estudos Ambientais, Instituto de Geociências, Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Campus de Ondina, 40170-290 Salvador, BA, Brazil; Instituto de Geociências, Departamento de Geofísica Aplicada, Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Campus de Ondina, 40170-290 Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Taís S Pereira
- Núcleo de Estudos Ambientais, Instituto de Geociências, Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Campus de Ondina, 40170-290 Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Marcos de Almeida
- Núcleo de Estudos Ambientais, Instituto de Geociências, Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Campus de Ondina, 40170-290 Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Maria Clara L F Trindade
- Núcleo de Estudos Ambientais, Instituto de Geociências, Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Campus de Ondina, 40170-290 Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Menezes
- Escola de Arquitetura, Engenharia e Tecnologia da Informação, Mestrado em Energia, Universidade Salvador (UNIFACS), Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Alex S Caldas
- Núcleo de Estudos Ambientais, Instituto de Geociências, Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Campus de Ondina, 40170-290 Salvador, BA, Brazil; Escola de Arquitetura, Engenharia e Tecnologia da Informação, Mestrado em Energia, Universidade Salvador (UNIFACS), Salvador, BA, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Wu SS, Han RM, Yang H, Bi FZ, Wang QJ, Wang YH. Characterization of Metals in Surface Sediments from Xiaoyang River, Jiangsu, China. ANAL LETT 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2016.1241800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shan-Shan Wu
- School of Geographical Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
- College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Rui-Ming Han
- School of Geographical Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials Cycling and Pollution Control, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Virtual Geographic Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Ministry of Education, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Geographical Environment Evolution, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hao Yang
- School of Geographical Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials Cycling and Pollution Control, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Virtual Geographic Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Ministry of Education, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Geographical Environment Evolution, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Feng-Zhi Bi
- School of Geographical Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qiao-Jia Wang
- School of Geographical Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yan-Hua Wang
- School of Geographical Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials Cycling and Pollution Control, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Virtual Geographic Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Ministry of Education, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Geographical Environment Evolution, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Ma X, Zuo H, Liu J, Liu Y. Distribution, risk assessment, and statistical source identification of heavy metals in aqueous system from three adjacent regions of the Yellow River. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:8963-8975. [PMID: 26822214 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-6088-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2015] [Accepted: 01/11/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Distribution of five heavy metals (Cr, Pb, Cd, Cu, and Zn) and some physicochemical variables were studied from ten sites (S1-S10) in filtered water, suspended particles, and sediment samples from Gansu Province, Ningxia, and Inner Mongolia Autonomous Regions of the Yellow River in Northern China. The results showed that heavy metal concentrations in filtered water were relatively lower, while they were higher and approximated in suspended particles and sediment samples. Metal chemical fractions showed that high proportions of Cd were found in the exchangeable fractions, while others likely to be existed in lithology. Heavy metal pollution index (HPI) indicated that the quality of filtered water was relatively better, and the potential ecological risk index (PERI) revealed that only Cd has the higher ecological risk in suspended particles and sediment samples, which is accordance with the results obtained by the chemical fractions analysis; at the same time, the higher ecological risks existed in S3, S6, S9, and S10 in suspended particles and sediment samples due to the waste emission of a variety of industries. Results of cluster analysis (CA) indicated that contamination sources in the sediment samples were from both natural processes and anthropogenic activities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoling Ma
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Hang Zuo
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China
- China National Environmental Monitoring Center, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Jingjun Liu
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China
- China National Cleaner Production Center of Ministry of Environmental Protection, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Ying Liu
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China.
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Food Environment and Public Health, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Vetrimurugan E, Jonathan MP, Roy PD, Shruti VC, Ndwandwe OM. Bioavailable metals in tourist beaches of Richards Bay, Kwazulu-Natal, South Africa. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2016; 105:430-436. [PMID: 26853593 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2016.01.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2015] [Revised: 01/24/2016] [Accepted: 01/28/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Acid Leachable Trace Metal (ALTMs) concentrations in tourist beaches of Richards Bay, Kwazulu-Natal, South Africa were assessed. 53 surface sediment samples were collected from five different beaches (Kwambonambi Long Beach; Nhlabane Beach; Five Mile Beach; Alkanstrand Beach and Port Durnford Beach). The results of ALTMs (Fe, Mn, Cr, Cu, Ni, Co, Pb, Cd, Zn, As, Hg) suggest that they are enriched naturally and with some local industrial sources for (avg. in μgg(-1)) Fe (3530-7219), Mn (46-107.11), Cd (0.43-1.00) and Zn (48-103.98). Statistical results indicate that metal concentrations were from natural origin attributed to leaching, weathering process and industrial sources. Comparative studies of metal concentrations with sediment quality guidelines and ecotoxicological values indicate that there is no adverse biological effect. Enrichment factor and geoaccumulation indices results indicate moderate enhancement of Fe (Igeo class 1 in FMB), Cd (EF>50; Igeo classes 2-4) and Zn (Igeo classes 1 & 2).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E Vetrimurugan
- Department of Hydrology, University Of Zululand, Private Bag x1001, Kwa Dlangezwa 3886, South Africa.
| | - M P Jonathan
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigaciones y Estudios sobre Medio Ambiente y Desarrollo (CIIEMAD), Instituto Politécnico Nacional (IPN), Calle 30 de Junio de 1520, Barrio la Laguna Ticomán, Del. Gustavo A. Madero, C.P. 07340, Mexico D.F., Mexico.
| | - Priyadarsi D Roy
- Instituto de Geología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico (UNAM), Ciudad Universitaria, C.P. 04510 Coyoacan, Mexico D.F., Mexico
| | - V C Shruti
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigaciones y Estudios sobre Medio Ambiente y Desarrollo (CIIEMAD), Instituto Politécnico Nacional (IPN), Calle 30 de Junio de 1520, Barrio la Laguna Ticomán, Del. Gustavo A. Madero, C.P. 07340, Mexico D.F., Mexico
| | - O M Ndwandwe
- Department of Physics and Engineering, University Of Zululand, Private Bag x1001, Kwa Dlangezwa 3886, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Souza IS, Araujo GS, Cruz ACF, Fonseca TG, Camargo JBDA, Medeiros GF, Abessa DMS. Using an integrated approach to assess the sediment quality of an estuary from the semi-arid coast of Brazil. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2016; 104:70-82. [PMID: 26892205 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2016.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2015] [Revised: 01/08/2016] [Accepted: 02/01/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The Jundiaí-Potengi Estuary (JPE) on the semi-arid coast of Brazil is influenced by multiple sources of pollution. Sediment quality at 10 JPE sites was evaluated through an integrated approach. Rainy and dry seasons were considered. Collected sediments were analyzed for texture, metal, nitrogen, phosphorus concentrations, and toxicity to invertebrates. Geochemical and ecotoxicological data were integrated using qualitative approaches and multivariate techniques. We observed decreased sediment quality in both seasons, particularly in the mid-estuary. In the dry season, the contamination-toxicity relationship was clearer, as hydrological conditions favor contaminant retention within the estuary. Rainy season conditions were found to be worse, since stormwater drainage from agricultural and urban areas carries the contamination into the estuary. Because of the contamination sources and dissolved and particle-bound metal transport, contamination and toxicity did not correlate as clearly in the rainy season. The results suggest that unmeasured contaminants are contributing to JPE sediment degradation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ivanildo Surini Souza
- Ceará Federal University - UFC, Institute of Marine Sciences, Av. Abolição, 3207, Fortaleza, CE 60165-081, Brazil; Rio Grande do Norte Federal Institute for Science and Technology Education - IFRN, Av. Senador Salgado Filho, 1559, Natal, RN 59015-000, Brazil.
| | - Giuliana Seraphim Araujo
- São Paulo State University - UNESP, Praça Infante Dom Henrique, s/n., São Vicente, SP 11330-900, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Feitosa Cruz
- São Paulo State University - UNESP, Praça Infante Dom Henrique, s/n., São Vicente, SP 11330-900, Brazil
| | - Tainá Garcia Fonseca
- São Paulo State University - UNESP, Praça Infante Dom Henrique, s/n., São Vicente, SP 11330-900, Brazil; Centre for Marine and Environmental Research - CIMA, Faculty of Sciences and Technology (FCT), University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, Faro 8005-139, Portugal
| | | | - Guilherme Fulgêncio Medeiros
- Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte - UFRN, Campus Universitário Lagoa Nova, 1524, Natal, RN 59078-970, Brazil
| | - Denis M S Abessa
- Ceará Federal University - UFC, Institute of Marine Sciences, Av. Abolição, 3207, Fortaleza, CE 60165-081, Brazil; São Paulo State University - UNESP, Praça Infante Dom Henrique, s/n., São Vicente, SP 11330-900, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Frémion F, Bordas F, Mourier B, Lenain JF, Kestens T, Courtin-Nomade A. Influence of dams on sediment continuity: A study case of a natural metallic contamination. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2016; 547:282-294. [PMID: 26789366 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2015] [Revised: 01/04/2016] [Accepted: 01/05/2016] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Sediments play an important role on the quality of aquatic ecosystems, notably in the reservoir areas where they can either be a sink or a source of contaminants, depending on the management and hydrological conditions. The physicochemical properties of 25 surface sediments samples of a reservoir catchment (Vaussaire, Cantal, France) were studied. Results show a strong influence of dam presence, notably on the grain size and organic matter (OM) contents. The concentrations of trace metals and metalloids (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn) were also measured and compared with worldwide reservoir concentrations and international sediment quality guideline levels in order to assess the intensity of the metallic contamination. Cr and Ni are the trace elements presenting the significantly highest values at the catchment scale. Enrichment Factors (EF), calculated using both local and national backgrounds, show that metals have mainly a natural origin, explaining especially the Cr and Ni values, linked with the composition of parental rocks. Unexpectedly, all the observed metal concentrations are lower in the reservoir than upstream and downstream, which might be related to the high fresh OM inputs in the reservoir, diluting the global metallic contamination. Multivariate statistical analyses, carried out in order to identify the relationship between the studied metals and sediment characteristics, tend to support this hypothesis, confirming the unusually low influence of such poorly-degraded OM on trace element accumulation in the reservoir.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Franck Frémion
- Groupement de Recherche Eau Sol Environnement, Université de Limoges, 123 avenue Albert Thomas, 87060 Limoges Cedex, France
| | - François Bordas
- Groupement de Recherche Eau Sol Environnement, Université de Limoges, 123 avenue Albert Thomas, 87060 Limoges Cedex, France
| | - Brice Mourier
- Groupement de Recherche Eau Sol Environnement, Université de Limoges, 123 avenue Albert Thomas, 87060 Limoges Cedex, France
| | - Jean-François Lenain
- Groupement de Recherche Eau Sol Environnement, Université de Limoges, 123 avenue Albert Thomas, 87060 Limoges Cedex, France
| | - Tim Kestens
- EDF-DPIH, Unité de Production Centre, 19 bis avenue de la Révolution, BP 406, 87012 Limoges Cedex, France
| | - Alexandra Courtin-Nomade
- Groupement de Recherche Eau Sol Environnement, Université de Limoges, 123 avenue Albert Thomas, 87060 Limoges Cedex, France.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Hotton VK, Sutherland RA. The legacy of lead (Pb) in fluvial bed sediments of an urban drainage basin, Oahu, Hawaii. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:5495-5506. [PMID: 26573308 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-5777-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2015] [Accepted: 11/06/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The study of fluvial bed sediments is essential for deciphering the impact of anthropogenic activities on water quality and drainage basin integrity. In this study, a systematic sampling design was employed to characterize the spatial variation of lead (Pb) concentrations in bed sediment of urban streams in the Palolo drainage basin, southeastern Oahu, Hawaii. Potentially bioavailable Pb was assessed with a dilute 0.5 N HCl extraction of the <63 μm grain-size fraction from the upper bed sediment layer of 169 samples from Palolo, Pukele, and Waiomao streams. Contamination of bed sediments was associated with the direct transport of legacy Pb from the leaded gasoline era to stream channels via a dense network of storm drains linked to road surfaces throughout the basin. The Palolo Stream had the highest median Pb concentration (134 mg/kg), and the greatest road and storm drain densities, the greatest population, and the most vehicle numbers. Lower median Pb concentrations were associated with the less impacted Pukele Stream (24 mg/kg), and Waiomao Stream (7 mg/kg). The median Pb enrichment ratio values followed the sequence of Palolo (68) > Pukele (19) > Waiomao (8). Comparisons to sediment quality guidelines and potential toxicity estimates using a logistic regression model (LRM) indicated a significant potential risk of Palolo Stream bed sediments to bottom-dwelling organisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Veronica K Hotton
- Department of Geography, Portland State University, 1721 SW Broadway, Portland, Oregon, 97201, USA
| | - Ross A Sutherland
- Geomorphology Laboratory, Department of Geography, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 2424 Maile Way, Honolulu, HI, 96822, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Shim MJ, Yang YM, Oh DY, Lee SH, Yoon YY. Spatial distribution of heavy metal accumulation in the sediments after dam construction. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2015; 187:733. [PMID: 26549487 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-015-4967-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2015] [Accepted: 11/03/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The sedimentary environment has been modified in the Geum River where an estuary dam and midstream dams were constructed. Furthermore, the Geum River tributaries deliver contaminants from the wastewater of an industrial complex. However, the influence of tributaries and dams on sedimentary metal deposition has not been extensively studied. The objectives of this study are to assess metal accumulation and to investigate the source of the metals. Sediments were collected in the main channel and two tributaries on October 2013. Abnormal accumulations of fine sediments were not observed above the midstream dams. Chromium, Ni, and Zn showed higher concentrations in above the midstream dam, but their concentrations were not related to grain size. Cadmium, Cu, Pb, and Hg were much higher upstream from the first midstream dam and came from one of the major tributaries. Arsenic was the only element found at higher concentrations downstream from the last midstream dam and was likely sourced from abandoned mines and/or agricultural activity. The pollution indexes indicated deposition of all metals, except Cr and Ni, may have been affected by anthropogenic activity. With respect to long-term accumulation of the metals, accumulation of Pb, Zn, and Cu by anthropogenic input largely increased, implying accumulation of these metals has continued due to anthropogenic activity since the estuary dam was constructed. Our results suggest that changes in river flow caused by the estuary dam and anthropogenic input from tributaries sources increased the accumulation of heavy metals (e.g., Pb, Zn, Cu, and As).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Moo Joon Shim
- Geum River Environment Research Center, National Institute of Environmental Research, Okcheon, South Korea, 373-804.
| | - Yun Mo Yang
- Geum River Environment Research Center, National Institute of Environmental Research, Okcheon, South Korea, 373-804.
| | - Da Yeon Oh
- Geum River Environment Research Center, National Institute of Environmental Research, Okcheon, South Korea, 373-804.
| | - Soo Hyung Lee
- Geum River Environment Research Center, National Institute of Environmental Research, Okcheon, South Korea, 373-804.
| | - Yi Yong Yoon
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung, South Korea, 210-701.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Martínez-Santos M, Probst A, García-García J, Ruiz-Romera E. Influence of anthropogenic inputs and a high-magnitude flood event on metal contamination pattern in surface bottom sediments from the Deba River urban catchment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2015; 514:10-25. [PMID: 25647464 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.01.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2014] [Revised: 01/24/2015] [Accepted: 01/24/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to assess the influence of anthropogenic factors (infrastructure construction and industrial and wastewater inputs) and hydrological factors (high-magnitude flood events) on metal and organic contamination and on the source variability of sediments taken from the Deba River and its tributaries. The pollution status was evaluated using a sequential extraction procedure (BCR 701), enrichment factor, individual and global contamination factors and a number of statistical analysis methods. Zn, Cu and Cr were found to have significant input from anthropogenic sources, with moderately severe enrichment, together with an extremely high potential risk of contamination. The principal scavenger of Cu and Cr was organic matter, whereas Zn was uniformly distributed among all non-residual fractions. For Fe, the anthropogenic contribution was more obviously detected in bulk sediments (<2 mm) than in fine fractions (<63 μm). Finally, the recent construction of a rail tunnel traversing Wealden Facies evaporites, together with intense rainfalls, was the main reason for the change in the source variability of bottom sediments and metal distribution in headwaters. The occurrence of a high-magnitude flood event resulted in a washout of the river bed and led to a general decrease in fine-grained sediment and metal concentrations in labile fractions of channel-bottom sediments, and a consequent downstream transfer of the pollution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miren Martínez-Santos
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of the Basque Country, Alameda Urquijo z/g, Bilbao 48013, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Anne Probst
- Université de Toulouse, INP, UPS, EcoLab (Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement), ENSAT, Avenue de l'Agrobiopole, 31326 Castanet Tolosan, France; CNRS, EcoLab, 31326 Castanet Tolosan, France
| | - Jon García-García
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of the Basque Country, Alameda Urquijo z/g, Bilbao 48013, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Estilita Ruiz-Romera
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of the Basque Country, Alameda Urquijo z/g, Bilbao 48013, Basque Country, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Sayadi MH, Rezaei MR, Rezaei A. Sediment toxicity and ecological risk of trace metals from streams surrounding a municipal solid waste landfill. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2015; 94:559-563. [PMID: 25761439 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-015-1518-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2014] [Accepted: 03/06/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The present study is an attempt to assess the pollution intensity and corresponding ecological risk of heavy metals such as Cd, Ni, Pb, Cu, Zn and Cr using various indices like geo-accumulation index, concentration factor, pollution loading and ecological risk index. In all 21 surface sediments samples were collected from the stream flowing around the solid waste disposal landfill of Qayen city in southeastern Iran. Although Igeo values for Cd varied greatly, sites 18-21 with class 5 show heavy loads of Cd (values between 4.13 and 4.45). PLI values (3.37-12.89) clearly suggest strong contamination with respect to the measured metals. This study clearly indicates that the contamination risk in the downstream reservoir is much higher than upstream sites due to transfer and accumulation of leached metals from upstream to downstream.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M H Sayadi
- Environmental Department, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran,
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Paramasivam K, Ramasamy V, Suresh G. Impact of sediment characteristics on the heavy metal concentration and their ecological risk level of surface sediments of Vaigai river, Tamilnadu, India. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2015; 137:397-407. [PMID: 25233032 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2014.08.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2014] [Revised: 08/20/2014] [Accepted: 08/24/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The distributions of the metals (Al, Fe, Mg, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn) were measured for the surface sediments of the Vaigai river, Tamilnadu, India. These values are compared with different standard values to assess the level of toxicity of the heavy metals in the sediments. Risk indices (CF, PLI and PER) are also calculated to understand the level of toxicity of the metals. Multivariate statistical analyses (Pearson's correlation analysis, cluster analysis and factor analysis) are carried out to know the inter-relationship between sediment characteristics and the heavy metals. From this analysis, it is confirmed that the contents of clay and organic matter play an important role to raise the level of heavy metal contents as well as PLI and PER (level of toxicity). Heavy metal concentrations of the samples (after removing silt and clay fractions from bulk samples) show decrease in their concentrations and risk indices compared to the level of bulk samples.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Paramasivam
- Department of Physics, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - V Ramasamy
- Department of Physics, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - G Suresh
- Department of Physics, Arulmigu Meenakshi Amman College of Engineering, Vadamavandal (Near Kanchipuram), Tamil Nadu, India
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Suresh G, Ramasamy V, Sundarrajan M, Paramasivam K. Spatial and vertical distributions of heavy metals and their potential toxicity levels in various beach sediments from high-background-radiation area, Kerala, India. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2015; 91:389-400. [PMID: 25510549 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2014.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2014] [Revised: 11/04/2014] [Accepted: 11/08/2014] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The spatial and vertical distribution of heavy metals and the sediment characteristics of beaches in Kerala, India (the upper surface sediments and the first, second and third one-foot-thick strata) were assessed in this study. The concentrations of most of the studied metals were highest at sampling site S1 (Cochin). The measured concentrations were compared with background and toxicological reference values. The results show that definite adverse biological effects are possible at most of the sampling sites due to the high Pb levels. Three different indexes were calculated to investigate the potential toxicity level. Most of the studied metals and all calculated indexes were highest in the third foot of sediment. Multivariate statistical analyses were performed and suggested that particular heavy metals, e.g., Pb, Cd, Cr and Ni, may represent contamination from a common source. The Cd and Pb concentrations and all the calculated index values show a relationship with the content of organic matter. The results of the present study suggest the recommendation that a systematic analysis is needed to monitor heavy metal levels in the studied area.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Suresh
- Department of Physics, Arulmigu Meenakshi Amman College of Engineering, Vadamavandal (Near Kanchipuram), Tamil Nadu, India
| | - V Ramasamy
- Department of Physics, Annamalai University, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - M Sundarrajan
- Department of Physics, Sri Chandrasekharendra Saraswathi Viswa Mahavidyalaya, Enathur, Kanchipuram, Tamil Nadu, India; Department of Physics, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - K Paramasivam
- Department of Physics, Annamalai University, Tamil Nadu, India
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Sakan S, Dević G, Relić D, Anđelković I, Sakan N, Đorđević D. Evaluation of sediment contamination with heavy metals: the importance of determining appropriate background content and suitable element for normalization. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2015; 37:97-113. [PMID: 25034131 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-014-9633-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2013] [Accepted: 07/05/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, concentrations of heavy metals (Cd, Cu, Co, Mn, Cr, Ni, Pb, and Zn) were determined at 35 river sediments in Serbia. The anthropogenic heavy metals input and quantification of the metal enrichment degree in sediments were estimated by calculating geo-accumulation indices (I(geo)) and enrichment factors (EF). These pollution indices have been calculated using different background values (continental crust and local background values) and different element used for normalization (Al and Fe), followed by result comparison. The EF values calculated with continental crust as background (minor to extremely severe enrichment) were higher than when regional background values were used (minor to moderate enrichment). Significant influence of background values on the I(geo) values is observed. Values of geo-accumulation index (<2) revealed that studied river sediments are remaining unpolluted to moderately polluted with Co, Mn, Cr, and Ni. Significant pollution in the sediments was observed for Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn elements. The results of this study confirm the relevance of precise and accurate determining of local background concentrations while assessing sediment pollution. The values of EFs for studied elements were more influenced by the choice of background values than selection of element used for normalization. Our recommendation would be to use the local and regional background content in quantification of metal contamination in sediments, since these values differ and are site and region dependent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sanja Sakan
- ICTM, Chemistry Centre, University of Belgrade, Njegoševa 12, P. O. Box 815, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia,
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Peña-Icart M, Mendiguchía C, Villanueva-Tagle ME, Pomares-Alfonso MS, Moreno C. Revisiting methods for the determination of bioavailable metals in coastal sediments. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2014; 89:67-74. [PMID: 25455373 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2014.10.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2014] [Revised: 10/10/2014] [Accepted: 10/16/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A simple methodology for the determination of bioavailability of fourteen metals in coastal sediments has been developed by simulating the conditions of digestive process of marine fishes. With this aim, a representative sediment composite sample was treated with hydrochloric acid solutions at different pH values, temperatures and contact times, in the presence and absence of Pepsin and Trypsin. The addition of Pepsin and Trypsin did not affect the extraction of most elements. As a result of the present study, the digestion with a hydrochloric acid solution at pH 1, 40°C and 12h is proposed. Adjustments of the temperature and time reaction could be made according to the specific ecosystem under study. The amount of metal extracted by other methods based on acetic acid was lower than that extracted by HCl treatment proposed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mirella Peña-Icart
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Marine and Environmental Sciences, University of Cadiz, República Saharaui, CP: 11510 Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain; Institute of Sciences and Technology of Materials, University of Havana, Zapata s/n, CP: 10400, La Habana, Cuba
| | - Carolina Mendiguchía
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Marine and Environmental Sciences, University of Cadiz, República Saharaui, CP: 11510 Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Margarita E Villanueva-Tagle
- Department of General Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Havana, Zapata s/n, CP: 10400, La Habana, Cuba
| | - Mario S Pomares-Alfonso
- Institute of Sciences and Technology of Materials, University of Havana, Zapata s/n, CP: 10400, La Habana, Cuba.
| | - Carlos Moreno
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Marine and Environmental Sciences, University of Cadiz, República Saharaui, CP: 11510 Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain
| |
Collapse
|