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Sajid Ansari M, Ahmad G, Khan AA, Mohamed HI, Elhakem A. Coal fly ash and nitrogen application as eco-friendly approaches for modulating the growth, yield, and biochemical constituents of radish plants. Saudi J Biol Sci 2022; 29:103306. [PMID: 35602867 PMCID: PMC9118150 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2022.103306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Plants are confronting a variety of environmental hazards as a result of fast climate change, which has a detrimental influence on soil, plant growth, and nutrient status. As a result, the present study aims to evaluate the influence of various fly ash concentrations (5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, and 35% FA) mixed with the optimum concentrations of nitrogen in the form of urea (0.5 g pot−1) on the growth, productivity and biochemical constituents of radish plants. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to assess soil physical–chemical properties and FA nutrient status. Results suggested that FA added many essential plant nutrients to the growth substrate and improved some important soil characteristics such as pH, electric conductivity, porosity, and water holding capacity. Also, the results revealed that the low concentrations of FA up to 20% were found to boost radish growth, yield, chlorophyll, carotenoids, and mineral content. While the highest concentrations of FA (25–35%) decreased radish growth and yield, increased oxidative stress through increased lipid peroxidation (MDA) and caused a significant boost in ascorbic acid, proline, protein, and antioxidant enzyme activities. Furthermore, SEM of radish leaf revealed an enhancement in the stomatal pore of radish leaf under different levels of FA. In conclusion, combining 15% fly ash with 0.5 g nitrogen in the form of urea significantly enhanced radish yield by enhancing antioxidant activity such as catalase, peroxidase, ascorbate peroxidase, Guaiacol peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, nitrate reductase and reducing oxidative stress, potentially reducing fly ash accumulation and environmental pollution.
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Buneviciene K, Drapanauskaite D, Mazeika R, Tilvikiene V, Baltrusaitis J. Granulated biofuel ash as a sustainable source of plant nutrients. WASTE MANAGEMENT & RESEARCH : THE JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOLID WASTES AND PUBLIC CLEANSING ASSOCIATION, ISWA 2021; 39:806-817. [PMID: 32883183 DOI: 10.1177/0734242x20948952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Recovery of nutrients from biomass combustion ash is of great importance for sustainable bioenergy waste use. In this work, granulated fertilizer materials were engineered from biofuel bottom ash, lime kiln dust and water, analysed for their chemical complexity and tested in pot experiments (2017-2018) for their propensity to release nutrients. The results obtained in this work showed that spring barley yield was observed to be the highest for granulated biomass ash with 30% of ash in the granule. The yield increased 3.99 t ha-1 per 100 kg ha-1 potassium oxide (K2O) in 2017 and 1.23 t ha-1 per 100 kg ha-1 K2O in 2018. Straw yield varied between 1.39-5.08 t ha-1/100 kg ha-1 in 2017 and 0.36-1.23 t ha-1/100 kg ha-1 in 2018. Calcium concentration significantly increased in soil. No significant changes in soil mobile phosphorus (P) were obtained as well as for the heavy metal concentrations in soil. This suggests that biofuel ash can be a significant source of certain major nutrients for crops that can also beneficially affect soil pH. The results of this work can provide policy-makers with the information needed to diversify existing and enable new biomass bottom ash utilization routes which currently vary significantly between the countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Buneviciene
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Lehigh University, USA
- Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Instituto al. 1, Lithuania
| | - Donata Drapanauskaite
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Lehigh University, USA
- Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Instituto al. 1, Lithuania
| | - Romas Mazeika
- Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Instituto al. 1, Lithuania
| | - Vita Tilvikiene
- Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Instituto al. 1, Lithuania
| | - Jonas Baltrusaitis
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Lehigh University, USA
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da Costa TP, Quinteiro P, Tarelho LAC, Arroja L, Dias AC. Life cycle assessment of woody biomass ash for soil amelioration. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2020; 101:126-140. [PMID: 31610474 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2019.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Revised: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The increasing use of forest biomass as a fuel for power plants due to environmental concerns will certainly increase the amount of woody biomass ash produced. Because of the environmental problems derived from woody biomass ash disposal, an important aspect for the sustainable development of the energy sector is the implementation of effective ash management strategies. The purpose of this study is to assess the environmental impacts of woody biomass ash landfarming for soil amelioration through a Life Cycle Assessment. The baseline scenario corresponds to the current most common practice of woody biomass ash management (landfilling), and two different landfarming alternatives were assessed: liming and fertilisation. Credits were given to the system due to the substitution of three traditional liming products and five traditional fertilisers. Woody biomass ash landfarming presented satisfactory performance in five impact categories under study in comparison to landfilling. When woody biomass ash was used for liming, the environmental savings were more pronounced when substituting hydrated lime. For potassium supply, the substitution of potassium nitrate by woody biomass ash presented the best environmental performance, while for phosphorus supply, the environmental savings were more pronounced substituting single superphosphate. However, in four impact categories, the environmental impacts of ash landfarming exceeded the impacts of ash landfilling, due to the emission to soil of nutrients and trace elements to soil. But this does not necessarily imply increased risks for the environment, as the potential pollutants leaching depends on their bioavailability in the soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamíris Pacheco da Costa
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), Department of Environment and Planning, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Paula Quinteiro
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), Department of Environment and Planning, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Luís A C Tarelho
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), Department of Environment and Planning, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Luís Arroja
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), Department of Environment and Planning, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Ana Cláudia Dias
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), Department of Environment and Planning, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
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Alvarenga P, Rodrigues D, Mourinha C, Palma P, de Varennes A, Cruz N, Tarelho LAC, Rodrigues S. Use of wastes from the pulp and paper industry for the remediation of soils degraded by mining activities: Chemical, biochemical and ecotoxicological effects. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 686:1152-1163. [PMID: 31412511 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.06.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Revised: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Fly ash (FA) from biomass combustion and biological sludge (S), both wastes from the pulp and paper industry, were granulated in different proportions (90% FA+10% S, and 70% FA+30% S w/w, dry weight basis, dw) and used to recover the functionality of soils affected by mining activities (Aljustrel, Iberian Pyrite Belt), with and without the application of municipal solid waste compost (MSWC). Application doses of both mixtures were 2.5, 5.0 and 10% (w/w, dw). These materials corrected soil acidity to circumneutral values and increased extractable P and K concentrations. A significant increase in soil organic matter (from 0.6 to 0.8-1.5% w/w, dw) and N content (from 0.04 to 0.09-0.12% w/w, dw) was also observed, but only when MSWC was applied. The soil was already heavily contaminated with Cu, Pb and Zn and the application of amendments did not increase their pseudo-total concentrations. The CaCl2 extractable fractions of both Cu and Zn decreased to very low values. The improvement in soil quality, compared to fertilizer only treatment, was further evidenced by the increase in some soil enzymatic activities (dehydrogenase, β-glucosidase and cellulase), with a better response for the granules with the higher proportion of biological sludge, as well as by the decrease in the soil-water extract toxicity towards different organisms (Daphnia magna, Thamnocephalus platyurus, and Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata). Agrostis tenuis germinated and grew during the first month only in the amended pots, but, after that, a considerable phytotoxic effect was evident. This was mainly attributed to salt stress or to some specific ionic toxicity. In conclusion, to establish a long-term plant cover in mining soils amended with biomass ash-based materials, the selection of plants with higher resistance to salinity and/or the stabilization of the amendments, to reduce their soluble salt content, is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Alvarenga
- Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture, and Food Research Unit (LEAF), Instituto Superior de Agronomia, University of Lisbon, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Débora Rodrigues
- Department of Applied Sciences and Technologies, Polytechnic Institute of Beja, Rua Pedro Soares S/N, Apartado 6155, 7800-295 Beja, Portugal
| | - Clarisse Mourinha
- Department of Applied Sciences and Technologies, Polytechnic Institute of Beja, Rua Pedro Soares S/N, Apartado 6155, 7800-295 Beja, Portugal
| | - Patrícia Palma
- Department of Applied Sciences and Technologies, Polytechnic Institute of Beja, Rua Pedro Soares S/N, Apartado 6155, 7800-295 Beja, Portugal; ICT, Institute of Earth Sciences, University of Évora, Rua Romão Ramalho 59, Évora, Portugal.
| | - Amarilis de Varennes
- Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture, and Food Research Unit (LEAF), Instituto Superior de Agronomia, University of Lisbon, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Nuno Cruz
- CESAM, Chemistry Department, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Luís A C Tarelho
- CESAM, Department of Environment and Planning, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Sónia Rodrigues
- CESAM, Chemistry Department, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
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Ashfaque F, Inam A. Interactive effect of potassium and flyash: a soil conditioner on metal accumulation, physiological and biochemical traits of mustard (Brassica juncea L.). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:7847-7862. [PMID: 30675712 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-04243-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
At present plants continuously bare to various environmental stresses due to the rapid climate change that adversely affects the growth and nutrient status of the soil and plant. Application of flyash (FA) in combination with potassium (K) fertilizer amendment improves soil physico-chemical characteristics, growth and yield of plants. Mustard grown in combination with FA (0, 20, 40 or 60 t ha-1) and K (0, 30 or 60 kg ha-1) treated soil was used to evaluate the effect on heavy metals (Cd, Cr and Pb) concentration and antioxidant system. The experiment was conducted in a net house of the Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh. Sampling was done at 70 DAS. The results showed that concentration of metals was found maximum in roots than the leaf and seeds. FA60 accompanied by K30 and K60 cause oxidative stress through lipid peroxidation and showed reduced levels of photosynthesis and enzymatic activity. Proline and ascorbate content increases with increasing flyash doses to combat stress. However, flyash at the rate of 40 t ha-1 together with K60 followed by K30 significantly boosted crop growth by enhancing antioxidant activity which plays a critical role in ameliorating the oxidative stress. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farha Ashfaque
- Department of Botany, Environmental Plant Physiology section, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, 202002, India.
| | - Akhtar Inam
- Department of Botany, Environmental Plant Physiology section, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, 202002, India
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Singh PK, Tripathi P, Dwivedi S, Awasthi S, Shri M, Chakrabarty D, Tripathi RD. Fly-ash augmented soil enhances heavy metal accumulation and phytotoxicity in rice (Oryza sativa L.); A concern for fly-ash amendments in agriculture sector. PLANT GROWTH REGULATION 2016; 78:21-30. [DOI: 10.1007/s10725-015-0070-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
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Brännvall E, Kumpiene J. Fly ash in landfill top covers - a review. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE. PROCESSES & IMPACTS 2016; 18:11-21. [PMID: 26701627 DOI: 10.1039/c5em00419e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Increase of energy recovery from municipal solid waste by incineration results in the increased amounts of incineration residues, such as fly ash, that have to be taken care of. Material properties should define whether fly ash is a waste or a viable resource to be used for various applications. Here, two areas of potential fly ash application are reviewed: the use of fly ash in a landfill top cover either as a liner material or as a soil amendment in vegetation layer. Fly ashes from incineration of three types of fuel are considered: refuse derived fuel (RDF), municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) and biofuel. Based on the observations, RDF and MSWI fly ash is considered as suitable materials to be used in a landfill top cover liner. Whereas MSWI and biofuel fly ashes based on element availability for plant studies, could be considered suitable for the vegetation layer of the top cover. Responsible application of MSWI ashes is, however, warranted in order to avoid element accumulation in soil and elevation of background values over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Brännvall
- Waste Science & Technology, Luleå University of Technology, 97187 Luleå, Sweden.
| | - J Kumpiene
- Waste Science & Technology, Luleå University of Technology, 97187 Luleå, Sweden.
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Brännvall E, Zamora CB, Sjöblom R, Kumpiene J. Effect of industrial residue combinations on availability of elements. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2014; 276:171-181. [PMID: 24887119 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2014.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2013] [Revised: 05/05/2014] [Accepted: 05/09/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Industrial residues, such as fly ashes and biosolids, contain elements (e.g., N, P, K, S, Ca and Zn) that make them a viable alternative for synthetic fertilizers in forestry and agriculture. However, the use of these materials is often limited due to the presence of potentially toxic substances. It is therefore necessary to assess and, when warranted, modify the chemical and physical form of these and similar waste materials before any advantages are taken of their beneficial properties. Biofuel fly ash, municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) fly ash, biosolids, peat, peat residues and gypsum board waste were combined in various proportions, and this resulted in increased leaching of N, P, S, Cu and Mn, but decreased leaching of Ca, K, Mg, Cr, Fe, Ni, Zn, Al, As and Pb. Chemical fractionation revealed that elements Ca, K, Mg, S and Mn were predominantly exchangeable, while the rest of the elements were less mobile. Cadmium was mostly exchangeable in MSWI fly ash, but less mobile in biofuel fly ash mixtures. Recycling of MSWI fly ash in the mixtures with fertilizers is considerably less attractive, due to the high levels of salts and exchangeable Cd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelina Brännvall
- Waste Science & Technology, Luleå University of Technology, 97187 Luleå, Sweden.
| | | | - Rolf Sjöblom
- Waste Science & Technology, Luleå University of Technology, 97187 Luleå, Sweden; Tekedo AB, Spinnarvägen 10, 611 37 Nyköping, Sweden
| | - Jurate Kumpiene
- Waste Science & Technology, Luleå University of Technology, 97187 Luleå, Sweden
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