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Mu L, Dong R, Wang J, Yue J, Pan L, Song C, Wei Z. The positive effect of the enzyme inducer (MnSO 4) on the formation of humic substance in rice straw composting by stimulating key microorganisms. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 923:171460. [PMID: 38442764 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
This study investigated the impact of adding enzyme inducer (MnSO4) on humic substance (HS) formation during straw composting. The results demonstrated that both enzyme inducer treatment group (Mn) and functional microorganism treatment group (F) led to an increase in the content of HS compared to the treatment group without enzyme inducer and functional microorganism (CK). Interestingly, the enzyme inducer exhibited a higher promoting effect on HS (57.80 % ~ 58.58 %) than functional microbial (46.54 %). This was because enzyme inducer stimulated the growth of key microorganisms and changed the interaction relationship between microorganisms. The structural equation model suggested that the enzyme inducer promoted the utilization of amino acids by the fungus and facilitated the conversion of precursors to humic substance components. These findings provided a direction for improving the quality of composting products from agricultural straw waste. It also provided theoretical support for adding MnSO4 to compost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linying Mu
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Runshi Dong
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Jiaqi Wang
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Jieyu Yue
- College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Lina Pan
- College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Caihong Song
- School of Life Science, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, China
| | - Zimin Wei
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China.
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2
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Wang Y, Yu Q, Zheng C, Wang Y, Chen H, Dong S, Hu X. The impact of microbial inoculants on large-scale composting of straw and manure under natural low-temperature conditions. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 400:130696. [PMID: 38614144 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.130696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
Understanding large-scale composting under natural conditions is essential for improving waste management and promoting sustainable agriculture. In this study, corn straw (400 tons) and pig manure (200 tons) were composted with microbial inoculants. The thermophilic phase of composting lasted for fourteen weeks, resulting in an alkaline final product. Microbial systems with low-temperature initiation and high-temperature fermentation played a crucial role in enhancing lignocellulose degradation and humic substances (HS) formation. Adding microbes, including Rhodanobacter, Pseudomonas, and Planococcus, showed a positive correlation with degradation rates of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin. Bacillus, Planococcus, and Acinetobacter were positively correlated with HS formation. Microorganisms facilitated efficient hydrolysis of lignocelluloses, providing humic precursors to accelerate composting humification through phenolic protein and Maillard pathways. This study provides significant insights into large-scale composting under natural conditions, contributing to the advancement of waste management strategies and the promotion of sustainable agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanping Wang
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Qi Yu
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Chuang Zheng
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Yanbo Wang
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Heshu Chen
- Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150086, China
| | | | - Xiaomei Hu
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
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3
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Zhao M, Luo Z, Wang Y, Liao H, Yu Z, Zhou S. Phage lysate can regulate the humification process of composting. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2024; 178:221-230. [PMID: 38412754 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2024.02.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
Phages play a crucial role in orchestrating top-down control within microbial communities, influencing the dynamics of the composting process. Despite this, the impact of phage-induced thermophilic bacterial lysis on humification remains ambiguous. This study investigates the effects of phage lysate, derived explicitly from Geobacillus subterraneus, on simulated composting, employing ultrahigh-resolution mass spectrometry and 16S rRNA sequencing techniques. The results show the significant role of phage lysate in expediting humus formation over 40 days. Notably, the rapid transformation of protein-like precursors released from phage-induced lysis of the host bacterium resulted in a 14.8 % increase in the proportion of lignins/CRAM-like molecules. Furthermore, the phage lysate orchestrated a succession in bacterial communities, leading to the enrichment of core microbes, exemplified by the prevalence of Geobacillus. Through network analysis, it was revealed that these enriched microbes exhibit a capacity to convert protein and lignin into essential building blocks such as amino acids and phenols. Subsequently, these components were polymerized into humus, aligning with the phenol-protein theory. These findings enhance our understanding of the intricate microbial interactions during composting and provide a scientific foundation for developing engineering-ready composting humification regulation technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meihua Zhao
- School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhibin Luo
- School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China; National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Yueqiang Wang
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Hanpeng Liao
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Zhen Yu
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China.
| | - Shungui Zhou
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
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4
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Peng T, Yue S, Mao W, Yang Q, Jiang G. Preparation of high-temperature and low-temperature-resistant solid microbial agent for cattle manure fermentation and effect on composting. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:29017-29032. [PMID: 38561539 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32830-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
We used microbiology and molecular biology techniques to screen out high-temperature and low-temperature-resistant saprobiotics for compost and prepared a compound fermentation bacteria agent to rapidly ferment cattle manure into high-quality organic fertilizer in low-temperature season. Conventional composting and high-throughput techniques were used to analyze the changes of physical and chemical indexes and biodiversity in the process of composting, from which high and low-temperature-resistant strains were obtained, and high-temperature and low-temperature-resistant solid composite bactericides were prepared and added to composting to verify the effects of composite bactericides on composting. The conventional composting cycle took 22 days, and the diversity of microflora increased first and then decreased. Composting temperature and microbial population were the key factors for the success or failure of composting. Two strains of high-temperature-resistant bacteria and six strains of low-temperature-resistant bacteria were screened out, and they were efficient in degrading starch, cellulose, and protein. The high-temperature and low-temperature-resistant solid bacterial agent was successfully prepared with adjuvant. The preparation could make the compost temperature rise quickly at low temperature, the high temperature lasted for a long time, the water content, C/N, and organic matter fell quickly, the contents of total phosphorus and total potassium were increased, and the seed germination index was significantly improved. Improve the composting effect. The solid composite bacterial agent can shorten the composting time at low temperature and improve the composting efficiency and quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Peng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, China
| | - Shilin Yue
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, China
| | - Wenshuai Mao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, China
| | - Qing Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, China
| | - Guojun Jiang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, China.
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Jiménez R, Suárez-Estrella F, Jurado MM, López-González JA, Estrella-González MJ, Toribio AJ, Martínez-Gallardo MR, Lerma-Moliz R, López MJ. Sustainable approach to the control of airborne phytopathogenic fungi by application of compost extracts. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2023; 171:143-154. [PMID: 37659121 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2023.08.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/04/2023]
Abstract
The search for new sustainable alternatives for plant disease control has gained interest in the last decades. Compost extracts are nowadays considered a remarkable alternative to agrochemicals due to their biopesticidal properties. However, these properties could be affected by the different variables of extraction protocols and by starting compost. This work focused on the physicochemical and biological characterization of compost extracts obtained from a wide range of composted materials and different extraction protocols (CEP). CEP-1 and CEP-4 involved incubation at 20 °C for 48 h and 14 days, respectively; CEP-2 incubation for 24 h at 40 °C; while CEP-3 were incubated for 12 h at 70 °C. Electrical conductivity, pH, total organic carbon (TOC) and phenolic content were determined as well as the actinobacterial count and enzyme profiles related to plant pathogen suppression. Additionally, the influence of the different materials and protocols on the in vitro growth inhibition of Alternaria alternata and Botrytis cinerea was determined. The starting materials and extraction protocols significantly influenced the physicochemical and biological characteristics of extracts. Treatments based on long incubation times at 20 °C, as well as those based on short incubation times at 40 °C, resulted in extracts with increased suppressive properties. However, extracts derived from CEP-3 protocol were characterized by high phenolic and TOC content, low functional biodiversity, and a more discreet antagonistic capacity. Therefore, the development and optimization of suitable extraction protocols could lead to compost extracts with increased phytoprotective capacities, thus becoming an effective and sustainable alternative to chemical inputs.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Jiménez
- Unit of Microbiology, Department of Biology and Geology, CITE II-B, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence ceiA3, CIAIMBITAL, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain
| | - F Suárez-Estrella
- Unit of Microbiology, Department of Biology and Geology, CITE II-B, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence ceiA3, CIAIMBITAL, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain.
| | - M M Jurado
- Unit of Microbiology, Department of Biology and Geology, CITE II-B, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence ceiA3, CIAIMBITAL, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain
| | - J A López-González
- Unit of Microbiology, Department of Biology and Geology, CITE II-B, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence ceiA3, CIAIMBITAL, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain
| | - M J Estrella-González
- Unit of Microbiology, Department of Biology and Geology, CITE II-B, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence ceiA3, CIAIMBITAL, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain
| | - A J Toribio
- Unit of Microbiology, Department of Biology and Geology, CITE II-B, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence ceiA3, CIAIMBITAL, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain
| | - M R Martínez-Gallardo
- Unit of Microbiology, Department of Biology and Geology, CITE II-B, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence ceiA3, CIAIMBITAL, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain
| | - R Lerma-Moliz
- Unit of Microbiology, Department of Biology and Geology, CITE II-B, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence ceiA3, CIAIMBITAL, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain
| | - M J López
- Unit of Microbiology, Department of Biology and Geology, CITE II-B, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence ceiA3, CIAIMBITAL, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain
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6
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Biyada S, Merzouki M, Dėmčėnko T, Vasiliauskienė D, Marčiulaitienė E, Vasarevičius S, Urbonavičius J. The Effect of Feedstock Concentration on the Microbial Community Dynamics During Textile Waste Composting. Front Ecol Evol 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2022.813488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, the effect of initial feedstock concentration on the microbial community structure and dynamics during textile waste composting processes was investigated using the next-generation sequencing approach. For this, three mixtures were prepared with different textile waste concentrations mixed with green waste and paper and cardboard waste for composting, to choose the proportion that will provide a mature final compost. A comprehensive characterization of the microbial communities associated with different textile waste concentrations during composting was achieved. It was noted that by increasing the concentration of textile waste, microbial communities (bacterial and fungal) change. Genera and species belonging to Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, Chloroflexia, Rozellomycota, Mortierellomycota, Aphelidiomycota, Ascomycota, and Mucoromycota were the most abundant in the mixtures containing either 40 or 60% of textile waste, whereas some of the species were absent at 80% of textile waste in the mix; this difference was also reflected by their enzymatic activities. Generally, these phyla are associated with composting, and they play a major role in recalcitrant molecular decaying. Ultimately, it can be concluded that the shift most likely occurred in microbial communities during composting probably owing to the interaction between changes in the nutrient concentration and microbial communities. This investigation proves that the concentration of textile waste significantly affects the microbial communities and demonstrates that a high concentration of textile waste is not suitable to grant a good maturity of compost.
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Biyada S, Merzouki M, Dėmčėnko T, Vasiliauskienė D, Ivanec-Goranina R, Urbonavičius J, Marčiulaitienė E, Vasarevičius S, Benlemlih M. Microbial community dynamics in the mesophilic and thermophilic phases of textile waste composting identified through next-generation sequencing. Sci Rep 2021; 11:23624. [PMID: 34880393 PMCID: PMC8654937 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-03191-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Composting is a promising source of mesophilic and thermophilic microorganisms directly involved in the decay of organic matter. However, there is a paucity of information related to bacterial and fungal diversity in compost and their enzymatic activities during the composting process. In this work, bacterial and fungal diversity during the mesophilic and thermophilic phases of textile waste composting was investigated as a way to explain the physical–chemical results obtained during the composting process. This was accomplished using a next-generation sequencing approach that targets either the 16S rRNA or ITS genomic regions of bacteria and fungi, respectively. It was observed that Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Actinobacteria were the dominant bacterial phyla present at the mesophilic phase but not at the thermophilic one. Composting textile waste exhibits a sustained thermophilic profile (above 55 °C) that usually precludes fungal activity. Nonetheless, the presence of fungi at the thermophilic phase was observed. Rozellomycota, Basidiomycota, and Ascomycota were the most dominant phyla during both composting phases. Such thermophilic fungi with great ability to decay organic matter could be isolated as pure cultures and used for the bioaugmentation of textile waste composting to achieve an advanced maturity level of textile waste compost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saloua Biyada
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Environment, Agrifood, and Health, Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Atlas, BP: 1796, 30 000, Fez, Morocco.
| | - Mohammed Merzouki
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Environment, Agrifood, and Health, Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Atlas, BP: 1796, 30 000, Fez, Morocco
| | - Taisija Dėmčėnko
- Department of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, 10223, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Dovilė Vasiliauskienė
- Department of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, 10223, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Rūta Ivanec-Goranina
- Department of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, 10223, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Jaunius Urbonavičius
- Department of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, 10223, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Eglė Marčiulaitienė
- Department of Environmental Protection and Water Engineering, Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, 10223, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Saulius Vasarevičius
- Department of Environmental Protection and Water Engineering, Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, 10223, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Mohamed Benlemlih
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Environment, Agrifood, and Health, Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Atlas, BP: 1796, 30 000, Fez, Morocco
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Jiang Z, Meng Q, Niu Q, Wang S, Yan H, Li Q. Understanding the key regulatory functions of red mud in cellulose breakdown and succession of β-glucosidase microbial community during composting. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 318:124265. [PMID: 33099095 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.124265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this research was to explore the effects of red mud on cellulose degradation and the succession of β-glucosidase microbial community in composting to better enhance the quality of compost. The activity of β-glucosidase in the treatment group with red mud (T) was 0.42-1.07 times higher than that in the control group without red mud (CK) from day 7 to 21 of composting. The final cellulose degradation ratios of the T (84.73%) were 10.02% higher than that of the CK (74.71%). In addition, Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, and Ascomycota were the most dominant β-glucosidase-producing microbes, and these microbes were also the phyla causing composting performances differences in the high temperature, cooling, and maturity periods of CK and T. These results indicated that adding red mud can improve β-glucosidase activity and boost the breakdown of cellulose in composting process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwei Jiang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Qingran Meng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Qiuqi Niu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Susu Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Hailong Yan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Qunliang Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China.
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9
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Evolution of Microbial Composition and Enzymatic Activities during the Composting of Textile Waste. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app10113758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The production of stable and mature compost often depends on the performance of microbes and their enzymatic activity. Environmental and nutritional conditions influence the characteristics of microbial communities and, therefore, the dynamics of major metabolic activities. Using three waste mixtures (textile waste mixed with either green, paper, or cardboard waste), the maturity of the compost produced was assessed by following the physico-chemical parameters and enzymatic activities provided by the microorganisms that were identified using next-generation sequencing (NGS). Among the three mixtures used, it was found that the two best mixtures showed C/N ratios of 16.30 and 16.96, total nitrogen of 1.37 and 1.39%, cellulase activities of 50.62 and 52.67 Ug−1, acid phosphatase activities of 38.81 and 68.77 Ug−1, and alkaline phosphatase activities of 51.12 and 56.86 Ug−1. In addition, several lignocellulosic species, together with those that are able to solubilize phosphate, were identified. Among those known for cellulase and acid/alkaline phosphatase activities, bacteria belonging to the Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria, and Firmicutes phyla were shown. The presence of species belonging to the Ascomycota and Basidiomycota phyla of Fungi, which are known for their ability to produce cellulase and acid/alkaline phosphatases, was demonstrated. These findings provide a basis for the production of stable and mature compost based on textile waste.
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Jain MS, Paul S, Kalamdhad AS. Recalcitrant carbon for composting of fibrous aquatic waste: Degradation kinetics, spectroscopic study and effect on physico-chemical and nutritional properties. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2019; 251:109568. [PMID: 31539698 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.109568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Revised: 08/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Biochar, a recalcitrant carbon, is known to enhance organic matter degradation and improve physical properties. The objective of the study is to examine the probable effect of biochar addition during composting of a fibrous aquatic waste, i.e., water hyacinth though degradation kinetics and spectroscopic (FTIR and PXRD) analysis. Four dosages of biochar (0, 2.5, 5, and 10% w/w) were mixed to a mixture of water hyacinth, cow-dung and saw-dust comprising a total weight of 150 kg and composted using rotary drum composter for 20 days in batch mode. The study outcomes indicated that the amendment of biochar prolonged the duration of the thermophilic temperatures, reduced salinity, and promoted nutritional quality of compost. Moreover, biochar amendment enhanced the organic matter degradation with a rate constant of 0.029 day-1 and increased the total Kjeldahl nitrogen content up to 1.75% from an initial value of 1.10% in the reactor with 2.5% biochar amendment. Concurrently, biochar amendment aided in reducing Cu and Cr in the final product inferring 2.5% biochar is best suited for composting of water hyacinth. However, future studies are encouraged to decipher the microbial shifts and bioavailability of metals due to biochar dosage during composting for mitigating and managing the menace of such fibrous waste like water hyacinth by converting it to a soil conditioner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayur Shirish Jain
- School of Construction Management, National Institute of Construction Management and Research, Pune, 411045, Maharashtra, India.
| | - Siddhartha Paul
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India
| | - Ajay S Kalamdhad
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India
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11
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Robledo-Mahón T, Silva-Castro GA, Kuhar U, Jamnikar-Ciglenečki U, Barlič-Maganja D, Aranda E, Calvo C. Effect of Composting Under Semipermeable Film on the Sewage Sludge Virome. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2019; 78:895-903. [PMID: 31037376 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-019-01365-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The addition of compost from sewage sludge to soils represents a sustainable option from an environmental and economic point of view, which involves the valorisation of these wastes. However, before their use as a soil amendment, compost has to reach the quality levels according to the normative, including microbial parameters. Viruses are not included in this regulation and they can produce agricultural problems and human diseases if the compost is not well sanitised. In this study, we carried out the analysis of the viral populations during a composting process with sewage sludge at an industrial scale, using semipermeable cover technology. Viral community was characterised by the presence of plant viruses and bacteriophages of enteric bacteria. The phytopathogen viruses were the group with the highest relative abundance in the sewage sludge sample and at 70 days of the composting process. The diversity of bacterial viruses and their specificity, with respect to the more abundant bacterial taxa throughout the process, highlights the importance of the interrelations between viral and bacterial communities in the control of pathogenic communities. These results suggest the possibility of using them as a tool to predict the effectiveness of the process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Robledo-Mahón
- Institute of Water Research, Department of Microbiology, University of Granada, Ramón y Cajal 4, 18071, Granada, Spain
- Department of Microbiology, Pharmacy Faculty, University of Granada, Campus de Cartuja s/n, Ramón y Cajal 4, 18071, Granada, Spain
| | - Gloria Andrea Silva-Castro
- Institute of Water Research, Department of Microbiology, University of Granada, Ramón y Cajal 4, 18071, Granada, Spain
- Department of Microbiology, Pharmacy Faculty, University of Granada, Campus de Cartuja s/n, Ramón y Cajal 4, 18071, Granada, Spain
| | - Urška Kuhar
- Institute of Microbiology and Parasitology, Veterinary Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Gerbičeva 60, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Urška Jamnikar-Ciglenečki
- Institute of Food safety, Feed and Environment, Veterinary Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Gerbičeva 60, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Darja Barlič-Maganja
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Primorska, Polje 42, 6310, Izola, Slovenia
| | - Elisabet Aranda
- Institute of Water Research, Department of Microbiology, University of Granada, Ramón y Cajal 4, 18071, Granada, Spain
- Department of Microbiology, Pharmacy Faculty, University of Granada, Campus de Cartuja s/n, Ramón y Cajal 4, 18071, Granada, Spain
| | - Concepción Calvo
- Institute of Water Research, Department of Microbiology, University of Granada, Ramón y Cajal 4, 18071, Granada, Spain.
- Department of Microbiology, Pharmacy Faculty, University of Granada, Campus de Cartuja s/n, Ramón y Cajal 4, 18071, Granada, Spain.
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Suárez-Estrella F, Jurado M, López M, López-González J, Moreno J. Role of bacteria isolated from a plant waste-based compost producing bioactive substances in the control of bacterial spot syndrome caused by Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2019.101198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Guo XX, Liu HT, Wu SB. Humic substances developed during organic waste composting: Formation mechanisms, structural properties, and agronomic functions. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 662:501-510. [PMID: 30695750 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.01.137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Revised: 01/12/2019] [Accepted: 01/12/2019] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Aerobic composting is a typical biochemical process of stabilization and harmlessness of organic wastes during which organic matter degrades, and then aggregates, to produce humic substances (HSs). HSs are a core product of-and a crucial indicator of-the maturation of compost that can be used in soil amendments. The formation of HSs is affected by the characteristics of the raw materials involved, the presence of compost additives, microbial activity, temperature, pH, the C/N ratio, moisture content, oxygen content and particle size, all of which can interact with each other. The formation of HSs is therefore complex. Moreover, it is difficult to identify definitive structures of humic acids (HAs) and fulvic acids (FAs), which are the two major components of HSs. However, HSs represent the same functional groups and structural arrangements, which helps to predict their structures. Functional groups represented by phenol and carboxylic acid groups of HAs and FAs can provide various agronomic functions, such as plant growth enhancement, water and nutrient retention, and disease suppression capacity. Overall, HSs can act as a soil amendment, fertilizer, and plant growth regulator. These functions of HSs enhance the reuse potential of organic waste compost products; however, this requires scientific control of various composting parameters and appropriate application of final products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Xia Guo
- Institute of Geographic Science and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hong-Tao Liu
- Institute of Geographic Science and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
| | - Shu-Biao Wu
- Aarhus Institute of Advanced Studies, Aarhus University, Høegh-Guldbergs Gade 6B, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
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14
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Cerda A, Mejias L, Rodríguez P, Rodríguez A, Artola A, Font X, Gea T, Sánchez A. Valorisation of digestate from biowaste through solid-state fermentation to obtain value added bioproducts: A first approach. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 271:409-416. [PMID: 30296748 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.09.131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Revised: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Digestate from biowaste was assessed as a potential source of bioproducts of commercial and industrial interest through solid-state fermentation. The targeted bioproducts were hydrolytic enzymes (cellulases and proteases from autochthonous microbiome), biosurfactants (sophorolipids produced from Starmella bombicola) and biopesticides (produced from Bacillus thuringiensis). Low cellulase production was observed within the range of 0.5-1.5 FPU g-1 DM while protease production showed two discrete peaks of 66 ± 8 and 65 ± 3 U g-1 DM at 3.5 and 48 h, respectively. Low sophorolipids production was also obtained, with a maximum yield of 0.02 g g-1 DM using hygienised digestate supplemented with external sugar and fat sources. Biopesticides produced by B. thuringiensis were successfully at 72 h of operation, reaching a maximum spore production of 8.15 ± 0.04 (107) CFU g-1 DM and 2.85 ± 0.22 (107) CFU g-1 DM using sterile and hygienised digestate, respectively. These biopesticides could contribute to the substitution of chemically produced pesticides, moving towards a sustainable digestate management in a circular economy scheme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra Cerda
- GICOM Research Group, Department of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, Edifici Q, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Mejias
- GICOM Research Group, Department of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, Edifici Q, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain; Aeris Tecnologías Ambientales S.L., Carrer Santa Rosa, 38, local, 08290 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Paula Rodríguez
- GICOM Research Group, Department of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, Edifici Q, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alejandra Rodríguez
- GICOM Research Group, Department of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, Edifici Q, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Adriana Artola
- GICOM Research Group, Department of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, Edifici Q, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xavier Font
- GICOM Research Group, Department of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, Edifici Q, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Teresa Gea
- GICOM Research Group, Department of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, Edifici Q, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antoni Sánchez
- GICOM Research Group, Department of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, Edifici Q, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.
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15
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Ashfield-Crook NR, Woodward Z, Soust M, Kurtböke Dİ. Assessment of the Detrimental Impact of Polyvalent Streptophages Intended to be Used as Biological Control Agents on Beneficial Soil Streptoflora. Curr Microbiol 2018; 75:1589-1601. [PMID: 30242439 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-018-1565-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Streptophages are currently being investigated to control potato common scab, however, since a majority of streptophages are reported to be polyvalent, their potential to infect beneficial soil streptomycetes during the application process may have unintended consequences. To test this hypothesis, two phytopathogenic fungi, namely Fusarium solani and Rhizoctonia solani, were tested for their detrimental effect on the test crop wheat (Triticum aestivum cv. Gutha). F. solani caused a significant root weight reduction (34%) in the wheat plant and therefore was tested further in the pot trials with actinomycetes present. Sixty-seven streptomycete isolates from a Tasmanian potato farm were screened for their antifungal abilities against the two phytopathogenic fungi. Four actinomycetes found to be strongly antifungal were then tested for their disease-protective abilities against F. solani in pot trials again using wheat. Addition of the streptomycetes into the container media protected the plants against F. solani, indicating that streptomycetes have a disease-suppressive effect. A further pot trial was conducted to evaluate whether these beneficial streptomycete species would be affected by streptophage treatment and subsequently result in an increased risk of fungal infections. When streptophages were added to the pots, the shoot and root growth of wheat declined by 23.6% and 8.0%, respectively, in the pots with the pathogenic fungus compared to the control pots. These differences might suggest that removal of antifungal streptomycetes by polyvalent phages from plant rhizosphere when biocontrol of plant pathogenic streptomycetes (e.g. Streptomyces scabiei) is targeted might encourage secondary fungal infections in the farm environment. The presented data provide preliminary evidence that streptophage treatment of pathogenic streptomycetes may lead to an aggravated disease risk by soil-borne fungal pathogens when naturally present antagonists are removed. As a result, extensive farm site trials are required to determine the long-term detrimental impact of polyvalent streptophage treatments on beneficial soil streptoflora.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina R Ashfield-Crook
- GeneCology Research Centre and the Faculty of Science, Health, Education and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore DC, QLD, 4558, Australia
| | - Zachary Woodward
- Terragen Biotech Pty. Ltd., Level 5, 171 Collins Street, PO Box 24082, Melbourne, VIC, 3001, Australia
| | - Martin Soust
- Terragen Biotech Pty. Ltd., Level 5, 171 Collins Street, PO Box 24082, Melbourne, VIC, 3001, Australia
| | - D İpek Kurtböke
- GeneCology Research Centre and the Faculty of Science, Health, Education and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore DC, QLD, 4558, Australia.
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16
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Microbial Strategies for Cellulase and Xylanase Production through Solid-State Fermentation of Digestate from Biowaste. SUSTAINABILITY 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/su10072433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Solid-state fermentation (SSF) is a promising technology for producing bioproducts from organic wastes. The objective of this study is to assess the feasibility of using digestate as substrate to produce hydrolytic enzymes, mainly cellulase and xylanase, by exploring three different inoculation strategies: (i) SSF with autochthonous microbiota; (ii) non-sterile SSF inoculated with Trichoderma reesei and (iii) sequential batch operation to select a specialized inoculum, testing two different residence times. Native microbial population did not show a significant cellulase production, suggesting the need for a specialized inoculum. The inoculation of Trichoderma reesei did not improve the enzymatic activity. On the other hand, inconsistent operation was achieved during sequential batch reactor in terms of specific oxygen uptake rate, temperature and enzymatic activity profile. Low cellulase and xylanase activities were attained and the main hypotheses are non-appropriate biomass selection and some degree of hydrolysis by non-targeted proteases produced during fermentation.
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17
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MARCO ÉVILINGDE, HECK KARINA, MARTOS EMERSONT, VAN DER SAND SUELIT. Purification and characterization of a thermostable alkaline cellulase produced by Bacillus licheniformis 380 isolated from compost. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 89:2359-2370. [DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765201720170408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2017] [Accepted: 06/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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18
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Cerda A, Gea T, Vargas-García MC, Sánchez A. Towards a competitive solid state fermentation: Cellulases production from coffee husk by sequential batch operation and role of microbial diversity. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 589:56-65. [PMID: 28264772 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.02.184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Revised: 02/20/2017] [Accepted: 02/22/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The cost of cellulases is the main bottleneck for bioethanol production at commercial scale. Solid-state fermentation (SSF) is a promising technology that can potentially reduce cellulases cost by using wastes as substrates. In this work, a SSF system of 4.5L bioreactors was operated continuously by sequential batch operation using the fermented solids from one batch to inoculate the following batch. Coffee husk was used as lignocellulosic substrate. Compost was used as starter in the first batch to provide a rich microbiota. Two strategies were applied: using 10% fermented solids as inoculum in 48h batches (SB90) and using 50% solids in 24h batches (SB50). A consistent and robust production process was achieved by sequential batch operation. Similar cellulase activities around 10 Filter Paper Units per gram of dry solids were obtained through both strategies. Microbial diversity in the starting materials and in the final fermented solids was characterized by next generation sequencing. Microbial composition of both fermented solids was similar but the relative abundance of families and species was affected by the operation strategy used. Main bacteria in the final solids came from compost (families Sphingobacteriaceae, Paenibacillaceae and Xanthomonadaceae), while main fungi families came from coffee husk (families Phaffomycetaceae, Dipodascaceae and two unidentified families of the class of Tramellomycetes). There was a high presence of non-identified mycobiota in the fermented solids. Main identified species were the bacteria Pseudoxanthonomas taiwanensis (12.3% in SB50 and 6.1% in SB90) and Sphingobacterium composti (6.1% in SB50 and 2.6% in SB90) and the yeasts Cyberlindnera jardinii and Barnettozyma californica (17.8 and 4.1% respectively in SB50 and 34 and 9.1% in SB90), all four previously described as lignocellulose degraders. The development of these operational strategies and further biological characterization of the end product could eventually benefit the process economics by providing a standard and specialized inoculum for a continuous SSF for cellulases production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra Cerda
- GICOM Research Group, Department of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, Edifici Q, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Teresa Gea
- GICOM Research Group, Department of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, Edifici Q, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - M Carmen Vargas-García
- Unit of Microbiology, Department of Biology and Geology, CITE II-B, University of Almeria, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence ceiA3, 04120 Almeria, Spain
| | - Antoni Sánchez
- GICOM Research Group, Department of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, Edifici Q, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
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19
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Defining the functional traits that drive bacterial decomposer community productivity. ISME JOURNAL 2017; 11:1680-1687. [PMID: 28323280 PMCID: PMC5480597 DOI: 10.1038/ismej.2017.22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2016] [Revised: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 01/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Microbial communities are essential to a wide range of ecologically and industrially important processes. To control or predict how these communities function, we require a better understanding of the factors which influence microbial community productivity. Here, we combine functional resource use assays with a biodiversity–ecosystem functioning (BEF) experiment to determine whether the functional traits of constituent species can be used to predict community productivity. We quantified the abilities of 12 bacterial species to metabolise components of lignocellulose and then assembled these species into communities of varying diversity and composition to measure their productivity growing on lignocellulose, a complex natural substrate. A positive relationship between diversity and community productivity was caused by a selection effect whereby more diverse communities were more likely to contain two species that significantly improved community productivity. Analysis of functional traits revealed that the observed selection effect was primarily driven by the abilities of these species to degrade β-glucan. Our results indicate that by identifying the key functional traits underlying microbial community productivity we could improve industrial bioprocessing of complex natural substrates.
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20
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Li Q, Lu Y, Guo X, Shan G, Huang J. Properties and evolution of dissolved organic matter during co-composting of dairy manure and Chinese herbal residues. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:8629-8636. [PMID: 28197941 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-8540-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2016] [Accepted: 02/01/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Composting is an effective method in treating solid organic wastes, in which dissolved organic matter (DOM) plays an important role in transformation of organic matter and microbial activity. Therefore, an understanding of the properties and evolution of DOM during composting is crucial. In this study, DOM was studied using elemental analysis, spectroscopic analysis (UV-vis, FTIR, and pyrolysis-GC/MS), and colloidal analysis during a 120-day composting. Results showed that the content of N and O in DOM increased while C and H content declined progressively over the composting time. Aliphatic C-H stretching, aromatic C=C or C=O stretching of amide groups, and C-O stretch (carbohydrates) showed an obvious decrease, while COO- and C-N groups had a significant increase. The evolution of DOM indicated a gradual decrease of the lipid and polysaccharide fractions, whereas an increase of aromatic and nitrogenous compounds was observed. The DOM also showed a more stable status, and an accumulation of small molecular compounds occurred with composting proceeded. Taken together, these results shed a good insight into the properties and evolution of DOM during a composting process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qunliang Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China.
| | - Yanyu Lu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Xiaobo Guo
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Guangchun Shan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Junhao Huang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
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21
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Rosnow JJ, Anderson LN, Nair RN, Baker ES, Wright AT. Profiling microbial lignocellulose degradation and utilization by emergent omics technologies. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2016; 37:626-640. [PMID: 27439855 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2016.1209158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The use of plant materials to generate renewable biofuels and other high-value chemicals is the sustainable and preferable option, but will require considerable improvements to increase the rate and efficiency of lignocellulose depolymerization. This review highlights novel and emerging technologies that are being developed and deployed to characterize the process of lignocellulose degradation. The review will also illustrate how microbial communities deconstruct and metabolize lignocellulose by identifying the necessary genes and enzyme activities along with the reaction products. These technologies include multi-omic measurements, cell sorting and isolation, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR), activity-based protein profiling, and direct measurement of enzyme activity. The recalcitrant nature of lignocellulose necessitates the need to characterize the methods microbes employ to deconstruct lignocellulose to inform new strategies on how to greatly improve biofuel conversion processes. New technologies are yielding important insights into microbial functions and strategies employed to degrade lignocellulose, providing a mechanistic blueprint in order to advance biofuel production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua J Rosnow
- a Biological Sciences Division , Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Richland , WA , USA
| | - Lindsey N Anderson
- a Biological Sciences Division , Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Richland , WA , USA
| | - Reji N Nair
- a Biological Sciences Division , Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Richland , WA , USA
| | - Erin S Baker
- a Biological Sciences Division , Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Richland , WA , USA
| | - Aaron T Wright
- a Biological Sciences Division , Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Richland , WA , USA
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22
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Jurado MM, Suárez-Estrella F, López MJ, Vargas-García MC, López-González JA, Moreno J. Enhanced turnover of organic matter fractions by microbial stimulation during lignocellulosic waste composting. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2015; 186:15-24. [PMID: 25795998 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.03.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2015] [Revised: 03/09/2015] [Accepted: 03/10/2015] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Enhanced organic matter turnover was detected in lignocellulosic composting piles inoculated with microorganisms specifically capable of decomposing polymeric compounds. In comparison to uninoculated piles, the following results were obtained in the inoculated piles: degradation of hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin were 28%, 21% and 25% respectively higher. Total organic matter, total sugars and phenolic compounds also decreased more intensely. Greater amounts of soluble organic carbon, reducing sugars and soluble proteins were available to the composting microbiota. Recycling of organic to inorganic nitrogen was improved and humification was more intense and earlier attained. Microbial community structure was also affected by inoculation. It was initially thought that these effects were due to enzymatic capabilities of inoculants, however, microbial counts, especially those corresponding to functional groups, revealed that inoculation induced a true stimulation of microbial growth and activity in the entire composting microbiota which was actually responsible for all the beneficial effects reported here.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M Jurado
- Unit of Microbiology, Department of Biology and Geology, University of Almería, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence ceiA3, 04120 Almería, Spain
| | - F Suárez-Estrella
- Unit of Microbiology, Department of Biology and Geology, University of Almería, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence ceiA3, 04120 Almería, Spain
| | - M J López
- Unit of Microbiology, Department of Biology and Geology, University of Almería, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence ceiA3, 04120 Almería, Spain
| | - M C Vargas-García
- Unit of Microbiology, Department of Biology and Geology, University of Almería, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence ceiA3, 04120 Almería, Spain
| | - J A López-González
- Unit of Microbiology, Department of Biology and Geology, University of Almería, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence ceiA3, 04120 Almería, Spain
| | - J Moreno
- Unit of Microbiology, Department of Biology and Geology, University of Almería, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence ceiA3, 04120 Almería, Spain.
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23
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López-González JA, Vargas-García MDC, López MJ, Suárez-Estrella F, Jurado MDM, Moreno J. Biodiversity and succession of mycobiota associated to agricultural lignocellulosic waste-based composting. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2015; 187:305-313. [PMID: 25863208 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.03.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2015] [Revised: 03/24/2015] [Accepted: 03/25/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A comprehensive characterization of the culturable mycobiota associated to all stages of lignocellulose-based composting was achieved. A total of 77 different isolates were detected, 69 of which were identified on the basis of the 5.8-ITS region sequencing. All the isolates were assigned to the phyla Ascomycota and Basidiomycota, with prevalence of the Sordariomycetes (19) and Eurotiomycetes (17) classes. Penicillium was the most represented genus (11 species), while the species Gibellulopsis nigrescens and Microascus brevicaulis were detected at all the composting stages and showed the highest relative abundances. Fungal diversity decreased as the process proceed, while similarity between fungal communities associated to different samples were maximal for those phases closely connected chronologically and showing similar biological activity degree. Thus, the structure of the lignocellulose-based composting mycobiota can be divided into two major stages corresponding to bio-oxidative phase and maturation phase together with the final product, with a transitional cooling stage joining both of them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Antonio López-González
- Department of Biology and Geology, CITE II-B, University of Almeria, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence CeiA3, 04120 Almeria, Spain
| | - María Del Carmen Vargas-García
- Department of Biology and Geology, CITE II-B, University of Almeria, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence CeiA3, 04120 Almeria, Spain.
| | - María José López
- Department of Biology and Geology, CITE II-B, University of Almeria, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence CeiA3, 04120 Almeria, Spain
| | - Francisca Suárez-Estrella
- Department of Biology and Geology, CITE II-B, University of Almeria, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence CeiA3, 04120 Almeria, Spain
| | - Macarena Del Mar Jurado
- Department of Biology and Geology, CITE II-B, University of Almeria, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence CeiA3, 04120 Almeria, Spain
| | - Joaquín Moreno
- Department of Biology and Geology, CITE II-B, University of Almeria, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence CeiA3, 04120 Almeria, Spain
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24
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Mathews SL, Pawlak J, Grunden AM. Bacterial biodegradation and bioconversion of industrial lignocellulosic streams. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2015; 99:2939-54. [PMID: 25722022 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-015-6471-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2015] [Revised: 02/05/2015] [Accepted: 02/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Lignocellulose is a term for plant materials that are composed of matrices of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin. Lignocellulose is a renewable feedstock for many industries. Lignocellulosic materials are used for the production of paper, fuels, and chemicals. Typically, industry focuses on transforming the polysaccharides present in lignocellulose into products resulting in the incomplete use of this resource. The materials that are not completely used make up the underutilized streams of materials that contain cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin. These underutilized streams have potential for conversion into valuable products. Treatment of these lignocellulosic streams with bacteria, which specifically degrade lignocellulose through the action of enzymes, offers a low-energy and low-cost method for biodegradation and bioconversion. This review describes lignocellulosic streams and summarizes different aspects of biological treatments including the bacteria isolated from lignocellulose-containing environments and enzymes which may be used for bioconversion. The chemicals produced during bioconversion can be used for a variety of products including adhesives, plastics, resins, food additives, and petrochemical replacements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie L Mathews
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, North Carolina State University, 4550A Thomas Hall, Campus Box 7612, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA,
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25
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Jurado M, Suárez-Estrella F, Vargas-García M, López M, López-González J, Moreno J. Increasing native microbiota in lignocellulosic waste composting: Effects on process efficiency and final product maturity. Process Biochem 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2014.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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