1
|
Hamidi A, Shakibania S, Mahmoudi A, Rashchi F, Vahidi E. Valorization of fly ash by nickel ferrite and vanadium oxide recovery through pyro-hydrometallurgical processes: Technical and environmental assessment. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 344:118442. [PMID: 37348302 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.118442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
The fly ash (FA) from the combustion of heavy oil in power stations is characterized by fine particles containing toxic metals. The sample utilized in this study was gathered from the dust precipitators of seven heavy-oil-consuming Iranian power plants. Substantial quantities of heavy metals, particularly vanadium, iron, and nickel, have been detected in the sample, indicating both its potential utility and hazard to the soil and groundwater. The harmful consequences of FA disposal on the environment have led to the adoption of recycling as a treatment approach in this study. The valorization of FA was investigated by producing nickel ferrite (NiFe2O4) and vanadium pentoxide (V2O5) through a novel approach using a combination of pyro-hydrometallurgical processes, which resulted in proposing a recycling closed-loop flowsheet. Roasting was first practiced to form NiFe2O4 by reacting the nickel and iron content of the FA. The NiFe2O4 showed a low dissolution against inorganic acids (H2SO4, HCl, and HNO3). The vanadium content of the FA showed a remarkable recovery in H2SO4 (91%) and HCl (95.6%), while the dissolution of Ni was limited to 16.85% and 17.5%, respectively. The produced NiFe2O4 acted well in response to the magnetic field, and its purity was further increased to 95-96% through a two-stage process consisting of grinding and magnetic separation. The nano-sized spherical NiFe2O4 with saturation magnetization of 34.66 and 30.82 emu. g-1 was obtained from H2SO4 and HCl residues, respectively. The dissolved vanadium was recovered as V2O5 via oxidation-precipitation in sulfate media and oxidation-ammonium precipitation in chloride solution. The purity of V2O5 in sulfate and chloride media was 93% and 98.5%, respectively. Finally, a life cycle assessment (LCA) study was performed on the suggested methods to track the ecological effects of extracting V and Ni from oil combustion FA. According to the performed LCA, H2SO4 was determined as the proper leaching reagent considering the environmental and technical aspects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amirhossein Hamidi
- School of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sina Shakibania
- Division of Minerals and Metallurgical Engineering, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, Luleå, Sweden
| | - Alireza Mahmoudi
- School of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fereshteh Rashchi
- School of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Ehsan Vahidi
- Department of Mining and Metallurgical Engineering, Mackay School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, University of Nevada, Reno, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Bakkar A, El-Sayed Seleman MM, Zaky Ahmed MM, Harb S, Goren S, Howsawi E. Recovery of vanadium and nickel from heavy oil fly ash (HOFA): a critical review. RSC Adv 2023; 13:6327-6345. [PMID: 36824230 PMCID: PMC9942696 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra00289f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Heavy oil fly ash "HOFA" is the fly ash generated in power stations using heavy oil as fuel. HOFA is considered a hazardous waste because it contains considerable amounts of heavy metals. However, it contains significant amounts of vanadium "V" and nickel "Ni", which are precious metals for manufacturing processes. This paper presents a critical review of various approaches described in the literature for the recovery of V and Ni from HOFA, including processes of leaching, chemical precipitation, solvent extraction, and ion exchange. The optimum operational parameters and their effects on recovery efficiency are discussed. The digestion mixtures of strong mineral acids used for dissolving all metals present in HOFA are also highlighted. The leaching processes of V and Ni use mainly acidic and alkaline solutions. Bioleaching is a promising environmentally friendly approach for the recovery of V and Ni through using appropriate bacteria and fungi. After leaching, V and Ni compounds are recovered and purified using various techniques, including chemical precipitation, solvent extraction, and ion exchange. In most cases, V and Ni are recovered as thermally decomposable compounds that undergo calcination to produce V2O5 and NiO. Eventually, V and Ni are recovered as pure oxides in most approaches, but pure metals are obtained in exceptional procedures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ashraf Bakkar
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering at Al-Leith, Um Al-Qura University Al-Lith 28434 Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed M. El-Sayed Seleman
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Petroleum and Mining Engineering, Suez UniversitySuez 43512Egypt
| | - Mohamed M. Zaky Ahmed
- Mechanical Engineering Department, College of Engineering at Al Kharj, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz UniversityAl Kharj 11942Saudi Arabia
| | - Saeed Harb
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering at Al-Leith, Um Al-Qura University Al-Lith 28434 Saudi Arabia
| | - Sami Goren
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering at Al-Leith, Um Al-Qura University Al-Lith 28434 Saudi Arabia
| | - Eskander Howsawi
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering at Al-Leith, Um Al-Qura University Al-Lith 28434 Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Kończyk J, Kluziak K, Kołodyńska D. Adsorption of vanadium (V) ions from the aqueous solutions on different biomass-derived biochars. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 313:114958. [PMID: 35390654 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.114958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The paper presents the results of the studies on the vanadium (V) ions removal from the aqueous solutions in the adsorption process on biochars from different biomass types (cow manure BC1, wet distiller grains BC2, spent mushroom substrates BC3). The adsorbents were characterized by means of the SEM-EDS, FTIR, XRD and XPS techniques. The influence of adsorbent type and basic process parameters, such as pH and metal ion concentration in aqueous phase, adsorbent dose and time of contact of phases on the efficiency of V(V) was determined. Based on the obtained results, the mechanism and kinetics of the adsorption processes occurring on the biochar originating from the wet distiller grains as adsorbents with the greatest affinity for the V(V) ions were characterized, using isotherm models of Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin and Dubinin-Radushkevich and pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order as well as intraparticle diffusion kinetic models. Under the constant process conditions (pH = 3.0; m = 0.5 g; c0 = 50 mg/L) the order of V(V) ions removal from aqueous solutions was as follows: BC2 > BC1 = BC3. The biochar BC2 exhibited the maximum sorption capacity of 1.61 mg V(V)/g. The experimental kinetic data show the adsorption course according to the pseudo-second order model.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Kończyk
- Jan Dlugosz University in Czestochowa, Faculty of Science & Technology, 13/15 Armii Krajowej Str., PL-42200, Czestochowa, Poland.
| | - Karolina Kluziak
- Jan Dlugosz University in Czestochowa, Faculty of Science & Technology, 13/15 Armii Krajowej Str., PL-42200, Czestochowa, Poland.
| | - Dorota Kołodyńska
- Maria Curie Sklodowska University, Institute of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Maria Curie Sklodowska Sq. 2, PL-20031, Lublin, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
On the Potential of a Poly(vinylidenefluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) Polymer Inclusion Membrane Containing Aliquat® 336 and Dibutyl Phthalate for V(V) Extraction from Sulfate Solutions. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:membranes12010090. [PMID: 35054616 PMCID: PMC8777928 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12010090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
A polymer inclusion membrane (PIM) composed of 50 wt% base polymer poly(vinylidenefluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene), 40 wt% extractant Aliquat® 336, and 10 wt% dibutyl phthalate as plasticizer/modifier provided the efficient extraction of vanadium(V) (initial concentration 50 mg L−1) from 0.1 M sulfate solutions (pH 2.5). The average mass and thickness of the PIMs (diameter 3.5 cm) were 0.057 g and 46 μm, respectively. It was suggested that V(V) was extracted as VO2SO4− via an anion exchange mechanism. The maximum PIM capacity was estimated to be ~56 mg of V(V)/g for the PIM. Quantitative back-extraction was achieved with a 50 mL solution of 6 M H2SO4/1 v/v% of H2O2. It was assumed that the back-extraction process involved the oxidation of VO2+ to VO(O2)+ by H2O2. The newly developed PIM, with the optimized composition mentioned above, exhibited an excellent selectivity for V(V) in the presence of metallic species present in digests of spent alumina hydrodesulfurization catalysts. Co-extraction of Mo(VI) with V(V) was eliminated by its selective extraction at pH 1.1. Characterization of the optimized PIM was performed by contact angle measurements, atomic-force microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis/derivatives thermogravimetric analysis and stress–strain measurements. Replacement of dibutyl phthalate with 2-nitrophenyloctyl ether improved the stability of the studied PIMs.
Collapse
|
5
|
Luo D, Huang J, Zhang Y, Liu H, Hu P. Efficient and environment-friendly vanadium (V) extraction from vanadium shale leachate using tri-n-octylmethylammonium chloride. Sep Purif Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2019.116482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
|
6
|
Nourbaghaee H, Ghaderi Hamidi A, Pourabdoli M. Direct recovery of boiler residue by combustion synthesis. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2018; 74:297-301. [PMID: 29326007 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2018.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2017] [Revised: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 01/01/2018] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Boiler residue (BR) of thermal power plants is one of the important secondary sources for vanadium production. In this research, the aluminothermic self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) was used for recovering the transition metals of BR for the first time. The effects of extra aluminum as reducing agent and flux to aluminum ratio (CaO/Al) were studied and the efficiency of recovery and presence of impurities were measured. Aluminothermic reduction of vanadium and other metals was carried out successfully by SHS without any foreign heat source. Vanadium, iron, and nickel principally were reduced and gone into metallic master alloy as SHS product. High levels of efficiency (>80%) were achieved and the results showed that SHS has a great potential to be an industrial process for BR recovery. SHS produced two useful products. Metallic master alloy and fused glass slag that is applicable for ceramic industries. SHS can also neutralize the environmental threats of BR by a one step process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Homan Nourbaghaee
- Department of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, Hamedan University of Technology, 65155, Iran
| | - Ahmad Ghaderi Hamidi
- Department of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, Hamedan University of Technology, 65155, Iran.
| | - Mahdi Pourabdoli
- Department of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, Hamedan University of Technology, 65155, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Yaftian MR, Almeida MIG, Cattrall RW, Kolev SD. Selective extraction of vanadium(V) from sulfate solutions into a polymer inclusion membrane composed of poly(vinylidenefluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) and Cyphos® IL 101. J Memb Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2017.09.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
|
8
|
Bi Q, Xue J, Guo Y, Li G, Cui H. A two-step approach for copper and nickel extracting and recovering by emulsion liquid membrane. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2016; 74:2454-2461. [PMID: 27858802 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2016.393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The recycling of copper and nickel from metallurgical wastewater using emulsion liquid membrane (ELM) was studied. P507 (2-ethylhexyl phosphonic acid-2-ethylhexyl ester) and TBP (tributyl phosphate) were used as carriers for the extraction of copper and nickel by ELMs, respectively. The influence of four emulsion composition variables, namely, the internal phase volume fraction (ϕ), surfactant concentration (Wsurf), internal phase stripping acid concentration (Cio) and the carrier concentration (Cc), and the process variable treat ratio on the extraction efficiencies of copper or nickel were studied. Under the optimum conditions, 98% copper and nickel were recycled by using ELM. The results indicated that ELM extraction is a promising industrial application technology to retrieve valuable metals in low concentration metallurgical wastewater.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Bi
- School of Metallurgy and Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China E-mail:
| | - Juanqin Xue
- School of Metallurgy and Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China E-mail:
| | - Yingjuan Guo
- School of Metallurgy and Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China E-mail:
| | - Guoping Li
- School of Metallurgy and Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China E-mail:
| | - Haibin Cui
- China Petroleum Engineering Co., Ltd Beijing Company, Beijing 100010, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Gomes HI, Jones A, Rogerson M, Burke IT, Mayes WM. Vanadium removal and recovery from bauxite residue leachates by ion exchange. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:23034-23042. [PMID: 27581051 PMCID: PMC5101287 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-7514-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2016] [Accepted: 08/23/2016] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Bauxite residue is an important by-product of the alumina industry, and current management practices do not allow their full valorisation, especially with regard to the recovery of critical metals. This work aims to test the efficiency of ion exchange resins for vanadium (V) removal and recovery from bauxite residue leachates at alkaline pH (11.5 and 13). As an environmental pollutant, removal of V from leachates may be an obligation of bauxite residue disposal areas (BRDA) long-term management requirements. Vanadium removal from the leachate can be coupled with the recovery, and potentially can be used to offset long-term legacy treatment costs in legacy sites. Kinetics studies were performed to understand the adsorption process. The rate kinetics for the V adsorption was consistent with the pseudo-first-order kinetic model, with a higher adsorption rate for pH 11.5 (1.2 min-1). Adsorption isotherm data fitted better to Freundlich equations than to the Langmuir model. The maximum adsorption capacity (Langmuir value q max) was greatest for pH 13 (9.8 mg V g-1 resin). In column tests, breakthrough was reached at 70 bed volumes with the red mud leachate at pH 13, while no breakthrough was achieved with the effluent at pH 11.5. In regeneration, 42 and 76 % of V were eluted from the resin with 2 M NaOH from the red mud leachate at pH 13 and 11.5, respectively. Further optimization will be needed to upscale the treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Helena I Gomes
- School of Biological, Biomedical and Environmental Sciences, University of Hull, Cottingham Road, Hull, HU6 7RX, UK.
| | - Ashley Jones
- School of Biological, Biomedical and Environmental Sciences, University of Hull, Cottingham Road, Hull, HU6 7RX, UK
| | - Mike Rogerson
- Department of Geography, Environment and Earth Sciences, University of Hull, Cottingham Road, Hull, HU6 7RX, UK
| | - Ian T Burke
- School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - William M Mayes
- School of Biological, Biomedical and Environmental Sciences, University of Hull, Cottingham Road, Hull, HU6 7RX, UK
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Preparation of High Purity V2O5 from a Typical Low-Grade Refractory Stone Coal Using a Pyro-Hydrometallurgical Process. MINERALS 2016. [DOI: 10.3390/min6030069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
11
|
Separation and recovery of vanadium from a sulfuric-acid leaching solution of stone coal by solvent extraction using trialkylamine. Sep Purif Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2016.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
|