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Ye Y, Liu H, Wang Z, Qi Q, Du J, Tian S. A cellulosomal yeast reaction system of lignin-degrading enzymes for cellulosic ethanol fermentation. Biotechnol Lett 2024; 46:531-543. [PMID: 38607604 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-024-03485-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Biofuel production from lignocellulose feedstocks is sustainable and environmentally friendly. However, the lignocellulosic pretreatment could produce fermentation inhibitors causing multiple stresses and low yield. Therefore, the engineering construction of highly resistant microorganisms is greatly significant. In this study, a composite functional chimeric cellulosome equipped with laccase, versatile peroxidase, and lytic polysaccharide monooxygenase was riveted on the surface of Saccharomyces cerevisiae to construct a novel yeast strain YI/LVP for synergistic lignin degradation and cellulosic ethanol production. The assembly of cellulosome was assayed by immunofluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry. During the whole process of fermentation, the maximum ethanol concentration and cellulose conversion of engineering strain YI/LVP reached 8.68 g/L and 83.41%, respectively. The results proved the availability of artificial chimeric cellulosome containing lignin-degradation enzymes for cellulosic ethanol production. The purpose of the study was to improve the inhibitor tolerance and fermentation performance of S. cerevisiae through the construction and optimization of a synergistic lignin-degrading enzyme system based on cellulosome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutong Ye
- College of Life Science, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Han Liu
- College of Life Science, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Zhipeng Wang
- College of Life Science, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Qi Qi
- Beijing Chaoyang Foreign Language School, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Jiliang Du
- College of Life Science, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Shen Tian
- College of Life Science, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China.
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2
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Egbewale SO, Kumar A, Mokoena MP, Olaniran AO. Purification, characterization and three-dimensional structure prediction of multicopper oxidase Laccases from Trichoderma lixii FLU1 and Talaromyces pinophilus FLU12. Sci Rep 2024; 14:13371. [PMID: 38862560 PMCID: PMC11167041 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-63959-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Broad-spectrum biocatalysts enzymes, Laccases, have been implicated in the complete degradation of harmful pollutants into less-toxic compounds. In this study, two extracellularly produced Laccases were purified to homogeneity from two different Ascomycetes spp. Trichoderma lixii FLU1 (TlFLU1) and Talaromyces pinophilus FLU12 (TpFLU12). The purified enzymes are monomeric units, with a molecular mass of 44 kDa and 68.7 kDa for TlFLU1 and TpFLU12, respectively, on SDS-PAGE and zymogram. It reveals distinct properties beyond classic protein absorption at 270-280 nm, with TlFLU1's peak at 270 nm aligning with this typical range of type II Cu site (white Laccase), while TpFLU12's unique 600 nm peak signifies a type I Cu2+ site (blue Laccase), highlighting the diverse spectral fingerprints within the Laccase family. The Km and kcat values revealed that ABTS is the most suitable substrate as compared to 2,6-dimethoxyphenol, caffeic acid and guaiacol for both Laccases. The bioinformatics analysis revealed critical His, Ile, and Arg residues for copper binding at active sites, deviating from the traditional two His and a Cys motif in some Laccases. The predicted biological functions of the Laccases include oxidation-reduction, lignin metabolism, cellular metal ion homeostasis, phenylpropanoid catabolism, aromatic compound metabolism, cellulose metabolism, and biological adhesion. Additionally, investigation of degradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) by purified Laccases show significant reductions in residual concentrations of fluoranthene and anthracene after a 96-h incubation period. TlFLU1 Laccase achieved 39.0% and 44.9% transformation of fluoranthene and anthracene, respectively, while TpFLU12 Laccase achieved 47.2% and 50.0% transformation, respectively. The enzyme structure-function relationship study provided insights into the catalytic mechanism of these Laccases for possible biotechnological and industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samson O Egbewale
- Discipline of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, College of Agriculture, Engineering and Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal (Westville Campus), Durban, 4001, South Africa
| | - Ajit Kumar
- Discipline of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, College of Agriculture, Engineering and Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal (Westville Campus), Durban, 4001, South Africa
| | - Mduduzi P Mokoena
- Discipline of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, College of Agriculture, Engineering and Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal (Westville Campus), Durban, 4001, South Africa
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Limpopo, Private Bag X1106, Sovenga, 0727, South Africa
| | - Ademola O Olaniran
- Discipline of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, College of Agriculture, Engineering and Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal (Westville Campus), Durban, 4001, South Africa.
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3
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Yao Q, Xu J, Tang N, Chen W, Gu Q, Li H. Screening, cloning, immobilization and application prospects of a novel β-glucosidase from the soil metagenome. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 244:117676. [PMID: 37996002 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
The soil environment for straw return is a rich and valuable library containing many microorganisms and proteins. In this study, we aimed to screen a high-quality β-glucosidase (BGL) from the soil metagenomic library and to overcome the limitation of the low extraction rate of resveratrol in Polygonum cuspidatum. This includes the construction of a soil metagenomic library, screening of BGL, bioinformatics analysis, cloning, expression, immobilization, enzymatic property analysis, and application for the transformation of polydatin. The results showed that the soil metagenomic library of straw return was successfully constructed, and a novel BGL was screened. The identified 1356 bp long BGL belonged to the glycoside hydrolase 1 (GH1) family and was named Bgl1356. After successful cloning and expression of Bgl1356, it was immobilized using chitosan. The optimum temperature of immobilized Bgl1356 was 50 °C, and the pH was 5. It exhibited good tolerance for various metal ions (CO2+, Ni2+, Cu2+, Mn2+, Na2+, Ca2+, and Ag+) and organic solvents (DMSO, Triton-X-10, and ethanol). Enzymatic kinetics assays showed that Bgl1356 had good affinity for the substrate, and the specific enzyme activity was 234.03 U/mg. The conversion rate of polydatin by immobilized Bgl1356 was 95.70 ± 1.08%, facilitating the production of high amounts of resveratrol. Thus, this paper reports a novel temperature-, organic solvent-, and metal ion-tolerant BGL that has good application prospects in the pharmaceutical industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Yao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Bioactive Drug Research, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Jin Xu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Bioactive Drug Research, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Nan Tang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Weiji Chen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Quliang Gu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - He Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Bioactive Drug Research, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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Bhoyar SS, Chaudhari AU, Desai MA, Latpate RV, Sartale SD, Kodam KM. Wheat bran as an efficient agro-process waste for enhanced yellow laccase production by Lentinus tigrinus SSB_W2 and its application in anthraquinone dye degradation. 3 Biotech 2024; 14:33. [PMID: 38188311 PMCID: PMC10764685 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-023-03881-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Lentinus tigrinus SSB_W2, isolated from Mahabaleshwar in the Western Ghats of Maharashtra, India, was employed to enhance laccase production in solid-state fermentation (SSF). The spectral analysis indicated that the laccase produced by L. tigrinus is a typical yellow laccase, exhibiting no absorption at 600 nm. Notably, this yellow laccase demonstrated exceptional catalytic activity, as confirmed by electrochemical analysis. Four agricultural processing wastes were evaluated as substrates for SSF, and the results showed that L. tigrinus effectively utilized wheat bran. Initial testing by one-factor-at-a-time method showed 3.79-fold increase in yellow laccase production, which subsequently increased to 6.51-fold after Plackett-Burman design. Moreover, employing response surface methodology resulted in 11.87-fold increase (108,472 IU gds-1) in laccase production. The utilization of yellow laccase for the biotransformation of various textile dyes was investigated, and it exhibited the highest degradation efficiency toward Reactive blue 4, a recalcitrant anthraquinone dye, with a rate of 18.36 mg L-1 h-1, for an initial concentration of 1000 mg L-1. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-023-03881-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seema S. Bhoyar
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, 411007 India
| | - Ashvini U. Chaudhari
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, 411007 India
| | - Mangesh A. Desai
- Department of Physics, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, 411007 India
| | - Raosaheb V. Latpate
- Department of Statistics, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, 411007 India
| | | | - Kisan M. Kodam
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, 411007 India
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Xia Y, Xia L, Lin X. Laccase-Based Self-Amplifying Catalytic System Enables Efficient Antibiotic Degradation for Sustainable Environmental Remediation. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023:e2300210. [PMID: 37211691 PMCID: PMC10375088 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202300210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Antibiotic contamination poses potential risks to ecosystems and human health. Laccase (LAC) has emerged as a promising biocatalyst for the oxidation of environmentally toxic contaminants with high catalytic efficiency; however, its large-scale application is hindered by enzyme costs and dependency on redox mediators. Herein, a novel self-amplifying catalytic system (SACS) for antibiotic remediation that does not require external mediators is developed. In SACS, a natural mediator-regenerating koji with high-activity LAC, derived from lignocellulosic waste, initiates the chlortetracycline (CTC) degradation. Subsequently, an intermediate product, CTC327, identified as an active mediator for LAC via molecular docking, is formed and then starts a renewable reaction cycle, including CTC327-LAC interaction, stimulated CTC bioconversion, and self-amplifying CTC327 release, thus enabling highly efficient antibiotic bioremediation. In addition, SACS exhibits excellent performance in producing lignocellulose-degrading enzymes, highlighting its potential for lignocellulosic biomass deconstruction. To demonstrate its effectiveness and accessibility in the natural environment, SACS is used to catalyze in situ soil bioremediation and straw degradation. The resulting CTC degradation rate is 93.43%, with a straw mass loss of up to 58.35% in a coupled process. This mediator regeneration and waste-to-resource conversion in SACS provides a promising route for environmental remediation and sustainable agricultural practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Xia
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, P. R. China
| | - Liming Xia
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
| | - Xinda Lin
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, P. R. China
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Kyomuhimbo HD, Brink HG. Applications and immobilization strategies of the copper-centred laccase enzyme; a review. Heliyon 2023; 9:e13156. [PMID: 36747551 PMCID: PMC9898315 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Laccase is a multi-copper enzyme widely expressed in fungi, higher plants, and bacteria which facilitates the direct reduction of molecular oxygen to water (without hydrogen peroxide production) accompanied by the oxidation of an electron donor. Laccase has attracted attention in biotechnological applications due to its non-specificity and use of molecular oxygen as secondary substrate. This review discusses different applications of laccase in various sectors of food, paper and pulp, waste water treatment, pharmaceuticals, sensors, and fuel cells. Despite the many advantages of laccase, challenges such as high cost due to its non-reusability, instability in harsh environmental conditions, and proteolysis are often encountered in its application. One of the approaches used to minimize these challenges is immobilization. The various methods used to immobilize laccase and the different supports used are further extensively discussed in this review.
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Luo H, Liu X, Yu D, Yuan J, Tan J, Li H. Research Progress on Lignocellulosic Biomass Degradation Catalyzed by Enzymatic Nanomaterials. Chem Asian J 2022; 17:e202200566. [PMID: 35862657 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202200566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Lignocellulose biomass (LCB) has extensive applications in many fields such as bioenergy, food, medicines, and raw materials for producing value-added products. One of the keys to efficient utilization of LCB is to obtain directly available oligo- and monomers (e.g., glucose). With the characteristics of easy recovery and separation, high efficiency, economy, and environmental protection, immobilized enzymes have been developed as heterogeneous catalysts to degrade LCB effectively. In this review, applications and mechanisms of LCB-degrading enzymes are discussed, and the nanomaterials and methods used to immobilize enzymes are also discussed. Finally, the research progress of lignocellulose biodegradation catalyzed by nano-enzymes was discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hangyu Luo
- Guiyang University, College of Biology and Environmental Engineering, CHINA
| | - Xiaofang Liu
- Guiyang University, College of Biology and Environmental Engineering, CHINA
| | - Dayong Yu
- Guiyang University, College of Biology and Environmental Engineering, CHINA
| | - Junfa Yuan
- Guizhou University, Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals, CHINA
| | - Jinyu Tan
- Guizhou University, Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals, CHINA
| | - Hu Li
- Guizhou University, Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals, Huaxi Street, 550025, Guiyang, CHINA
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Selvam K, Ameen F, Amirul Islam M, Sudhakar C, Selvankumar T. Laccase production from Bacillus aestuarii KSK using Borassus flabellifer empty fruit bunch waste as a substrate and assessing their malachite green dye degradation. J Appl Microbiol 2022; 133:3288-3295. [PMID: 35716153 DOI: 10.1111/jam.15670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The lignocellulosic waste, Borassus flabellifer empty fruit bunch waste (BFEFBW), was employed to produce laccase using Bacillus aestuarii KSK under solid-state fermentation (SSF) conditions and to assess the efficiency of malachite green (MG) dye decolourization. METHODS AND RESULTS Abiotic factors such as pH (5.0-9.0), temperature (25-45°C) and incubation time (24-96 h) were optimized using Response surface methodology-Box-Behenan Design (RSM-BBD) to exploit the laccase production. The anticipated model revealed that the highest laccase activity of 437 U/ml shows after 60 h of incubation at 35°C at pH 7.0. The bacterial laccase was used to remove 89% of the MG dye in less time. CONCLUSION The laccase from B. aestuarii KSK decolorizes the MG and thereby making it a suitable choice for wastewater treatment from industrial effluents. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY This study is the first report on the production of laccase from B. flabellifer empty fruit bunch waste as a substrate. Bacillus aestuarii KSK was isolated from the soil sample and used to produce laccase under SSF conditions. The bacterial laccase has the potential for industrial application in textile waste dye treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kandasamy Selvam
- PG & Research Department of Biotechnology, Mahendra Arts and Science College (Autonomous), Namakkal, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Fuad Ameen
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Amirul Islam
- Laboratory for Quantum Semiconductors and Photon-based BioNanotechnology, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada
| | - Chinnappan Sudhakar
- PG & Research Department of Biotechnology, Mahendra Arts and Science College (Autonomous), Namakkal, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Thangaswamy Selvankumar
- PG & Research Department of Biotechnology, Mahendra Arts and Science College (Autonomous), Namakkal, Tamil Nadu, India
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Lu J, Nie M, Li Y, Zhu H, Shi G. Design of composite nanosupports and applications thereof in enzyme immobilization: A review. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2022; 217:112602. [PMID: 35660743 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2022.112602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Enzyme immobilization techniques have developed dramatically over the past several decades. Support materials are key in shaping the function of a specific immobilized enzyme. Although they have large specific surface areas and functional active sites, single-component nanomaterials and their surface chemical modification derivatives struggle to meet increasing demand. Thus, composite materials, compounds of two or more materials, have been developed and applied in efficient immobilization through advances in materials science. More methods have been developed and employed to design composite nanomaterials in recent years. These novel composite nanomaterials often show superior physical, chemical, and biological performance as supports in enzyme immobilization, among other applications. In this review, immobilization techniques and their supports are stated first and methods to design and fabricate composite nanomaterials as nanosupports are also shown in the following section. Applications of composite nanosupports in laccase immobilization are discussed as models in the later sections of the paper. This review is intended to help readers gain insight into the design principles of composite nanomaterials for immobilization supports.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Lu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province 214122, PR China; National Engineering Research Center for Cereal Fermentation and Food Biomanufacturing, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province 214122, PR China; Jiangsu Provisional Research Center for Bioactive Product Processing Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province 214122, PR China; Jiangsu Guoxin Union Energy Co., Ltd., Wuxi, Jiangsu Province 214203, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingfu Nie
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province 214122, PR China; National Engineering Research Center for Cereal Fermentation and Food Biomanufacturing, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province 214122, PR China; Jiangsu Provisional Research Center for Bioactive Product Processing Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province 214122, PR China
| | - Youran Li
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province 214122, PR China; National Engineering Research Center for Cereal Fermentation and Food Biomanufacturing, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province 214122, PR China; Jiangsu Provisional Research Center for Bioactive Product Processing Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province 214122, PR China.
| | - Huilin Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province 214122, PR China; National Engineering Research Center for Cereal Fermentation and Food Biomanufacturing, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province 214122, PR China; Jiangsu Provisional Research Center for Bioactive Product Processing Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province 214122, PR China; Jiangsu Guoxin Union Energy Co., Ltd., Wuxi, Jiangsu Province 214203, People's Republic of China
| | - Guiyang Shi
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province 214122, PR China; National Engineering Research Center for Cereal Fermentation and Food Biomanufacturing, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province 214122, PR China; Jiangsu Provisional Research Center for Bioactive Product Processing Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province 214122, PR China.
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Nath S, Kango N. Recent Developments in Industrial Mycozymes: A Current Appraisal. Mycology 2022; 13:81-105. [PMID: 35711326 PMCID: PMC9196846 DOI: 10.1080/21501203.2021.1974111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Fungi, being natural decomposers, are the most potent, ubiquitous and versatile sources of industrial enzymes. About 60% of market share of industrial enzymes is sourced from filamentous fungi and yeasts. Mycozymes (myco-fungus; zymes-enzymes) are playing a pivotal role in several industrial applications and a number of potential applications are in the offing. The field of mycozyme production, while maintaining the old traditional methods, has also witnessed a sea change due to advents in recombinant DNA technology, optimisation protocols, fermentation technology and systems biology. Consolidated bioprocessing of abundant lignocellulosic biomass and complex polysaccharides is being explored at an unprecedented pace and a number of mycozymes of diverse fungal origins are being explored using suitable platforms. The present review attempts to revisit the current status of various mycozymes, screening and production strategies and applications thereof.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suresh Nath
- Department of Microbiology, Dr. Harisingh Gour Vishwavidyalaya, Sagar, MP, India
| | - Naveen Kango
- Department of Microbiology, Dr. Harisingh Gour Vishwavidyalaya, Sagar, MP, India
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de Oliveira Júnior SD, Dos Santos Gouvêa PR, de Aguiar LVB, Pessoa VA, Dos Santos Cruz Costa CL, Chevreuil LR, Dedo BritoNascimento LB, Dos Santos ES, Sales-Campos C. Production of Lignocellulolytic Enzymes and Phenolic Compounds by Lentinus strigosus from the Amazon Using Solid-State Fermentation (SSF) of Guarana (Paullinia cupana) Residue. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2022; 194:2882-2900. [PMID: 35286593 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-022-03851-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The Amazon rainforest has a rich biodiversity, and studies of Basidiomycete fungi that have biomolecules of biotechnological interest are relevant. The use of lignocellulosic biomass in biotechnological processes proposes an alternative use, and also adds value to the material when employed in the bioconversion of agro-industrial waste. In this context, this study evaluate the production of lignocellulolytic enzymes (carboxymethylcellulases (CMCase), xylanase, pectinase, laccase) as well as phenolic compounds and proteases by solid-state fermentation (SSF) using the fungus Lentinus strigosus isolated from Amazon. The guarana (Paullinia cupana) residue was characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). SSF was carried out with 60% humidification of the residue, at 30 °C, for 10 days. The lignocellulosic biomass presented fragmented structures with irregular shapes and porosities, and was mainly constituted by cellulose (19.16%), hemicellulose (32.83%), and lignin (6.06%). During the SSF, significant values of CMCase (0.84 U/g) on the 8th day, xylanase (1.00 U/g) on the 7th day, pectinase (2.19 U/g) on the 6th day, laccase (176.23 U/mL) on the 5th day, phenolic compounds (10.27 μg/mL) on the 1st day, soluble proteins (0.08 mg/mL) on the 5th day, and protease (8.30 U/mL) on the 6th day were observed. In general, the agro-industrial residue used provided promising results as a viable alternative for use as a substrate in biotechnological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Paula Romenya Dos Santos Gouvêa
- Edible Mushroom Cultivation Laboratory, National Institute for Amazonian Research (INPA), Manaus, Amazonas, 69067-375, Brazil.,Post-Graduate Program in Biotechnology, Federal University of Amazonas (UFAM), Manaus, Amazonas, 69067-005, Brazil
| | - Lorena Vieira Bentolila de Aguiar
- Edible Mushroom Cultivation Laboratory, National Institute for Amazonian Research (INPA), Manaus, Amazonas, 69067-375, Brazil.,Post-Graduate Program in Biodiversity and Biotechnology of the BIONORTE, Amazonas State University (UEA), Manaus, Amazonas, 69065-001, Brazil
| | - Vitor Alves Pessoa
- Edible Mushroom Cultivation Laboratory, National Institute for Amazonian Research (INPA), Manaus, Amazonas, 69067-375, Brazil.,Post-Graduate Program in Biotechnology and Natural Resources, Amazonas State University (UEA), Manaus, Amazonas, 69065-001, Brazil
| | | | - Larissa Ramos Chevreuil
- Edible Mushroom Cultivation Laboratory, National Institute for Amazonian Research (INPA), Manaus, Amazonas, 69067-375, Brazil
| | - Larissa Batista Dedo BritoNascimento
- Edible Mushroom Cultivation Laboratory, National Institute for Amazonian Research (INPA), Manaus, Amazonas, 69067-375, Brazil.,Post-Graduate Program in Biotechnology, Federal University of Amazonas (UFAM), Manaus, Amazonas, 69067-005, Brazil
| | - Everaldo Silvino Dos Santos
- Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Chemical Engineering Department, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, 59064-741, Brazil.
| | - Ceci Sales-Campos
- Edible Mushroom Cultivation Laboratory, National Institute for Amazonian Research (INPA), Manaus, Amazonas, 69067-375, Brazil
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Enrichment of Pistachio Shell with Olive Mill Waste or Lathyrus clymenum Pericarp Mixtures via Solid State Fermentation with Pleurotus ostreatus. FERMENTATION 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation8020059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The study herein concerns the application of the solid-state fermentation (SSF) bioprocess of agro-industrial wastes as a means to improve their nutritional composition, targeting their utilization as proteinaceous animal feed. The fermentation outcome resulted from the mixtures of Olive Mill Stone Waste (OMSW) with Pistachio Shell (PS) and PS with Lathyrus clymenum pericarp (LP) at various proportions via SSF initiated by P. ostreatus. The addition of 20% w/w of LPs to PS recorded the highest crude protein content (%) increase of 33.87% while concerning cellulose content, 50% w/w addition presented the highest value (37.68%). Concerning lignin presence, PS and its additions to OMSW recorded a reduction, the ratio of 100% w/w of PS was found to be decreased by 14.22% whereas, 20% w/w of LP additions to PS displayed an increment of 38.25%. Regarding β-glucans content, the mixture of 50% w/w of LP to PS recorded the highest value (5.19%) while 100% w/w of PS presented a vast increment exceeding 480-folds. The OMSW, PS and LP mixtures revealed their potential as supplements in animals’ diets after their nutritional upgrade through SSF. Such studies highlight the contribution to the confrontation of the unavailability of proteinaceous animal feed in the terms of a circular economy.
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Chmelová D, Legerská B, Kunstová J, Ondrejovič M, Miertuš S. The production of laccases by white-rot fungi under solid-state fermentation conditions. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 38:21. [PMID: 34989891 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-021-03207-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Laccases (E.C. 1.10.3.2) produced by white-rot fungi (WRF) can be widely used, but the high cost prevents their use in large-scale industrial processes. Finding a solution to the problem could involve laccase production by solid-state fermentation (SSF) simulating the natural growth conditions for WRF. SSF offers several advantages over conventional submerged fermentation (SmF), such as higher efficiency and productivity of the process and pollution reduction. The aim of this review is therefore to provide an overview of the current state of knowledge about the laccase production by WRF under SSF conditions. The focus is on variations in the up-stream process, fermentation and down-stream process and their impact on laccase activity. The variations of up-stream processing involve inoculum preparation, inoculation of the medium and formulation of the propagation and production media. According to the studies, the production process can be shortened to 5-7 days by the selection of a suitable combination of lignocellulosic material and laccase producer without the need for any additional components of the culture medium. Efficient laccase production was achieved by valorisation of wastes as agro-food, municipal wastes or waste generated from wood processing industries. This leads to a reduction of costs and an increase in competitiveness compared to other commonly used methods and/or procedures. There will be significant challenges and opportunities in the future, where SSF could become more efficient and bring the enzyme production to a higher level, especially in new biorefineries, bioreactors and biomolecular/genetic engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Chmelová
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of SS. Cyril and Methodius, J. Herdu 2, 917 01, Trnava, Slovak Republic
| | - Barbora Legerská
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of SS. Cyril and Methodius, J. Herdu 2, 917 01, Trnava, Slovak Republic
| | - Jana Kunstová
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of SS. Cyril and Methodius, J. Herdu 2, 917 01, Trnava, Slovak Republic
| | - Miroslav Ondrejovič
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of SS. Cyril and Methodius, J. Herdu 2, 917 01, Trnava, Slovak Republic.
| | - Stanislav Miertuš
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of SS. Cyril and Methodius, J. Herdu 2, 917 01, Trnava, Slovak Republic
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Brugnari T, Braga DM, Dos Santos CSA, Torres BHC, Modkovski TA, Haminiuk CWI, Maciel GM. Laccases as green and versatile biocatalysts: from lab to enzyme market-an overview. BIORESOUR BIOPROCESS 2021; 8:131. [PMID: 38650295 PMCID: PMC10991308 DOI: 10.1186/s40643-021-00484-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Laccases are multi-copper oxidase enzymes that catalyze the oxidation of different compounds (phenolics and non-phenolics). The scientific literature on laccases is quite extensive, including many basic and applied research about the structure, functions, mechanism of action and a variety of biotechnological applications of these versatile enzymes. Laccases can be used in various industries/sectors, from the environmental field to the cosmetics industry, including food processing and the textile industry (dyes biodegradation and synthesis). Known as eco-friendly or green enzymes, the application of laccases in biocatalytic processes represents a promising sustainable alternative to conventional methods. Due to the advantages granted by enzyme immobilization, publications on immobilized laccases increased substantially in recent years. Many patents related to the use of laccases are available, however, the real industrial or environmental use of laccases is still challenged by cost-benefit, especially concerning the feasibility of producing this enzyme on a large scale. Although this is a compelling point and the enzyme market is heated, articles on the production and application of laccases usually neglect the economic assessment of the processes. In this review, we present a description of laccases structure and mechanisms of action including the different sources (fungi, bacteria, and plants) for laccases production and tools for laccases evolution and prediction of potential substrates. In addition, we both compare approaches for scaling-up processes with an emphasis on cost reduction and productivity and critically review several immobilization methods for laccases. Following the critical view on production and immobilization, we provide a set of applications for free and immobilized laccases based on articles published within the last five years and patents which may guide future strategies for laccase use and commercialization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiane Brugnari
- Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Chemistry and Biology, Graduate Program in Environmental Science and Technology, Federal University of Technology, Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil.
| | - Dayane Moreira Braga
- Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Chemistry and Biology, Graduate Program in Environmental Science and Technology, Federal University of Technology, Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Camila Souza Almeida Dos Santos
- Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Chemistry and Biology, Graduate Program in Environmental Science and Technology, Federal University of Technology, Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Bruno Henrique Czelusniak Torres
- Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Chemistry and Biology, Graduate Program in Environmental Science and Technology, Federal University of Technology, Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Tatiani Andressa Modkovski
- Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Chemistry and Biology, Graduate Program in Environmental Science and Technology, Federal University of Technology, Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Charles Windson Isidoro Haminiuk
- Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Chemistry and Biology, Graduate Program in Environmental Science and Technology, Federal University of Technology, Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Giselle Maria Maciel
- Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Chemistry and Biology, Graduate Program in Environmental Science and Technology, Federal University of Technology, Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
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Si J, Ma H, Cao Y, Cui B, Dai Y. Introducing a Thermo-Alkali-Stable, Metallic Ion-Tolerant Laccase Purified From White Rot Fungus Trametes hirsuta. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:670163. [PMID: 34093489 PMCID: PMC8176223 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.670163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study introduces a valuable laccase, designated ThLacc-S, purified from white rot fungus Trametes hirsuta. ThLacc-S is a monomeric protein in nature with a molecular weight of 57.0 kDa and can efficiently metabolize endocrine disrupting chemicals. The enzyme was successfully purified to homogeneity via three consecutive steps consisting of salt precipitation and column chromatography, resulting in a 20.76-fold increase in purity and 46.79% yield, with specific activity of 22.111 U/mg protein. ThLacc-S was deciphered as a novel member of the laccase family and is a rare metalloenzyme that contains cysteine, serine, histidine, and tyrosine residues in its catalytic site, and follows Michaelis-Menten kinetic behavior with a K m and a k cat /K m of 87.466 μM and 1.479 s-1μM-1, respectively. ThLacc-S exerted excellent thermo-alkali stability, since it was markedly active after a 2-h incubation at temperatures ranging from 20 to 70°C and retained more than 50% of its activity after incubation for 72 h in a broad pH range of 5.0-10.0. Enzymatic activities of ThLacc-S were enhanced and preserved when exposed to metallic ions, surfactants, and organic solvents, rendering this novel enzyme of interest as a green catalyst for versatile biotechnological and industrial applications that require these singularities of laccases, particularly biodegradation and bioremediation of environmental pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Si
- Institute of Microbiology, School of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Hongfei Ma
- Institute of Microbiology, School of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Yongjia Cao
- Institute of Microbiology, School of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Baokai Cui
- Institute of Microbiology, School of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Yucheng Dai
- Institute of Microbiology, School of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
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ElyasiGhahfarokhi A, Hashemi S, Saeedi M, Khanavi M, Faramarzi MA. Phytocatalytic and cytotoxic activity of the purified laccase from bled resin of Pistacia atlantica Desf. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 176:394-403. [PMID: 33548319 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.01.212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This study reports an efficient and fast procedure for the purification of laccase (PaL) obtained from the resin of Pistacia atlantica Desf. It was purified by one-step affinity chromatography and showed the specific activity of 393 U/mg with 81.9-fold purification. The molecular weight of PaL was estimated to be approximately 60 kDa using gel electrophoresis SDS-PAGE. Moreover, it depicted diphenolase activity and high affinity towards 2,6-dimethoxy phenol (Km = 10.01 ± 0.5 mM) and syringaldazine (Km = 6.57 ± 0.2 mM) comparing with plant-origin polyphenol oxidases reported in the literature. It should be noted that PaL possessed optimal activity at pH 7.5 and 45 °C. It also remained stable under different conditions of pH (6.5-8.0), temperature (25-45 °C), and when it was exposed to several metal ions. The MTT and flow cytometry assays demonstrated that the enzyme treatment significantly affected growth of HeLa, HepG2, and MDA-MB-231 cells with LC50 values of 4.83 ± 0.02, 61 ± 0.31, and 26.83 ± 0.11 μM after 72 h, respectively. NOVELTY STATEMENT: This is the first attempt to isolate and characterize a new oxidoreductase from the resin of Pistacia atlantica Desf., native species of Iran, to recruit it in cytotoxicity researches. In the purification process by an efficient affinity column (SBA-NH2-GA), the enzyme was eluted promptly with a satisfied yield. The purified laccase exerted higher affinity to diphenolic compounds and pH-thermal stability compared to other plant-derived polyphenol oxidases. The purified enzyme was found to show anti-oxidant capacity and significantly inhibited the growth of cancerous cells in vitro. PaL showed more cytotoxic activity towards HeLa and MDA-MB-231 cells by induction of apoptosis. The cytotoxic activity of the laccase was measured by flow cytometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azam ElyasiGhahfarokhi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 14155-6451, Tehran 1417614411, Iran
| | - Saba Hashemi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 14155-6451, Tehran 1417614411, Iran
| | - Mina Saeedi
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Persian Medicine and Pharmacy Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahnaz Khanavi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Faculty of Land and Food Systems, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
| | - Mohammad Ali Faramarzi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 14155-6451, Tehran 1417614411, Iran.
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Xu L, Sun K, Wang F, Zhao L, Hu J, Ma H, Ding Z. Laccase production by Trametes versicolor in solid-state fermentation using tea residues as substrate and its application in dye decolorization. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2020; 270:110904. [PMID: 32721339 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.110904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 05/31/2020] [Accepted: 05/31/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
An efficient valorization of tea residues into value-added product was developed by Trametes versicolor in solid-state fermentation (SSF). The laccase production of 25.7 U/g dry substrate was obtained by optimizing culture medium and condition, resulting in a 4.0-fold increase compared to that of 6.4 U/g dry substrate under unoptimized condition. During the 7-day cultivation under SSF, 44.7%, 12.2% and 9.8% degradation occurred for lignin, hemicellulose and cellulose in tea residues, respectively. Laccase production reached 31.2 U/g dry substrate by the scaling-up culture in shallow tray system. The dry fermented tea residues were directly used as crude enzyme in the decolorization of malachite green. It possessed a decolorization rate of more than 95% within 120 min and remained 81.3% of decolorization capacity after 6 cycles. The present study provided a useful strategy for low-cost laccase production by SSF and it exhibited great potential for the application in dye decolorization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Xu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, PR China; Institute of Food Physical Processing, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, PR China
| | - Ke Sun
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, PR China
| | - Feng Wang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, PR China; Institute of Food Physical Processing, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, PR China.
| | - Liting Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, PR China
| | - Jianhua Hu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Hohhot, 010051, PR China
| | - Haile Ma
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, PR China; Institute of Food Physical Processing, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, PR China
| | - Zhongyang Ding
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, PR China.
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