1
|
Yuan B, Lin L, Li H, Ke Y, He L, Lu H, Liu J, Hong H, Yan C. Immobilization mechanisms of Sr(II), Ni(II), and Cd(II) on glomalin-related soil protein in mangrove sediments at the microscopic scale. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 252:118793. [PMID: 38552828 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Glomalin-related soil protein (GRSP) is a significant component in the sequestration of heavy metal in soils, but its mechanisms for metal adsorption are poorly known. This study combined spectroscopic data with molecular docking simulations to reveal metal adsorption onto GRSP's surface functional groups at the molecular level. The EXAFS combined with FTIR and XPS analyses indicated that the adsorption of Cd(II), Sr(II), and Ni(II) by GRSP occurred mainly through the coordination of -OH and -COOH groups with the metal. The -COOH and -OH groups bound to the metal as electron donors and the electron density of the oxygen atom decreased, suggesting that electrostatic attraction might be involved in the adsorption process. Two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy revealed that preferential adsorption occurred on GRSP for the metal in sequential order of -COOH groups followed by -OH groups. The presence of the Ni-C shell in the Ni EXAFS spectrum suggested that Ni formed organometallic complexes with the GRSP surface. However, Sr-C and Cd-C were absent in the second shell of the Sr and Cd spectra, which was attributed to the adsorption of Sr and Cd ions with large hydration ion radius by GRSP to form outer-sphere complexes. Through molecular docking simulations, negatively charged residues such as ASP151 and ASP472 in GRSP were found to provide electrostatic attraction and ligand combination for the metal adsorption, which was consistent with the spectroscopic analyses. Overall, these findings provided new insights into the interaction mechanisms between GRSP and metals, which will help deepen our understanding of the ecological functions of GRSP in metal sequestration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Yuan
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, PR China
| | - Lujian Lin
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, PR China
| | - Hanyi Li
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, PR China
| | - Yue Ke
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, PR China
| | - Le He
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, PR China
| | - Haoliang Lu
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, PR China
| | - Jingchun Liu
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, PR China
| | - Hualong Hong
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, PR China.
| | - Chongling Yan
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Hu Y, Jin Z, Pang B, Du Z, Li X, Huang Y. Improving Sag Resistance in Geopolymer Coatings Using Diatomite Filler: Effects on Rheological Properties and Early Hydration. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:2516. [PMID: 38893779 PMCID: PMC11172936 DOI: 10.3390/ma17112516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
The reduction in the rheological parameters and dissolution rate of precursors in geopolymer coatings during early hydration significantly contributes to sagging. This study aims to improve the sag resistance of these coatings by incorporating diatomite filler. Rheological testing was conducted to assess the impact of diatomite and its concentration on the yield stress, plastic viscosity, and thixotropy of the geopolymer coatings. The results indicated that diatomite's large specific surface area and high reactivity have a significant influence on the rheological parameters and early dissolution rate of precursors. With a diatomite concentration of 1.1%, the coating exhibited a yield stress of 2.749 Pa and a plastic viscosity of 0.921 Pa·s, maintaining stability, homogeneity, and no sagging at a thickness of 600 μm. Furthermore, the highly active SiO2 in diatomite participates in the secondary hydration reaction of the geopolymer materials led to the formation of substantial C-(A)-S-H gel. This gel enhances internal interconnectivity within the coating, thereby improving its rheological and mechanical properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Hu
- Department of Civil Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266520, China; (Y.H.); (Z.D.); (X.L.); (Y.H.)
- Engineering Research Center of Concrete Technology under Marine Environment, Ministry of Education, Qingdao 266520, China
| | - Zuquan Jin
- Department of Civil Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266520, China; (Y.H.); (Z.D.); (X.L.); (Y.H.)
- Engineering Research Center of Concrete Technology under Marine Environment, Ministry of Education, Qingdao 266520, China
| | - Bo Pang
- Department of Civil Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266520, China; (Y.H.); (Z.D.); (X.L.); (Y.H.)
- Engineering Research Center of Concrete Technology under Marine Environment, Ministry of Education, Qingdao 266520, China
| | - Zhantao Du
- Department of Civil Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266520, China; (Y.H.); (Z.D.); (X.L.); (Y.H.)
- Engineering Research Center of Concrete Technology under Marine Environment, Ministry of Education, Qingdao 266520, China
| | - Xiangxiang Li
- Department of Civil Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266520, China; (Y.H.); (Z.D.); (X.L.); (Y.H.)
- Engineering Research Center of Concrete Technology under Marine Environment, Ministry of Education, Qingdao 266520, China
| | - Yuxin Huang
- Department of Civil Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266520, China; (Y.H.); (Z.D.); (X.L.); (Y.H.)
- Engineering Research Center of Concrete Technology under Marine Environment, Ministry of Education, Qingdao 266520, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Nykiel M, Korniejenko K, Setlak K, Melnychuk M, Polivoda N, Kozub B, Hebdowska-Krupa M, Łach M. The Influence of Diatomite Addition on the Properties of Geopolymers Based on Fly Ash and Metakaolin. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:2399. [PMID: 38793466 PMCID: PMC11123124 DOI: 10.3390/ma17102399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Geopolymer materials, considered to be an alternative to Portland cement-based concretes, can be produced from various types of waste aluminosilicate raw materials. This article presents the results of research related to the use of diatomite as an additive in geopolymers. The results of testing geopolymer composites with 1%, 3%, and 5% additions of diatomite with a grain size of 0-0.063 mm after and without thermal treatment were presented. This article presents the physical properties of the diatomite additive, the morphology of diatomite particles SEMs, thermal analysis, and compressive strength test results. In this research, diatomite was treated as a substitute for both fly ash and metakaolin (replaced in amounts of 1 and 3%) and as a substitute for sand introduced as a filler (in this case, 5% of diatomite was added). As a result of this research, it was found that the addition of diatomite instead of the main geopolymerization precursors in amounts of 1 and 3% had a negative impact on the strength properties of geopolymers, as the compressive strength was reduced by up to 28%. The introduction of crushed diatomite instead of sand in an amount of 5% contributed to an increase in strength of up to 24%.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marek Nykiel
- Faculty of Materials Engineering and Physics, Cracow University of Technology, Warszawska 24, 31-155 Cracow, Poland; (M.N.); (K.S.); (B.K.); (M.H.-K.); (M.Ł.)
| | - Kinga Korniejenko
- Faculty of Materials Engineering and Physics, Cracow University of Technology, Warszawska 24, 31-155 Cracow, Poland; (M.N.); (K.S.); (B.K.); (M.H.-K.); (M.Ł.)
| | - Kinga Setlak
- Faculty of Materials Engineering and Physics, Cracow University of Technology, Warszawska 24, 31-155 Cracow, Poland; (M.N.); (K.S.); (B.K.); (M.H.-K.); (M.Ł.)
| | - Mykola Melnychuk
- Department of Materials Science, Lutsk National Technical University, Lvivska 75, 43000 Lutsk, Ukraine; (M.M.); (N.P.)
| | - Nina Polivoda
- Department of Materials Science, Lutsk National Technical University, Lvivska 75, 43000 Lutsk, Ukraine; (M.M.); (N.P.)
| | - Barbara Kozub
- Faculty of Materials Engineering and Physics, Cracow University of Technology, Warszawska 24, 31-155 Cracow, Poland; (M.N.); (K.S.); (B.K.); (M.H.-K.); (M.Ł.)
| | - Maria Hebdowska-Krupa
- Faculty of Materials Engineering and Physics, Cracow University of Technology, Warszawska 24, 31-155 Cracow, Poland; (M.N.); (K.S.); (B.K.); (M.H.-K.); (M.Ł.)
| | - Michał Łach
- Faculty of Materials Engineering and Physics, Cracow University of Technology, Warszawska 24, 31-155 Cracow, Poland; (M.N.); (K.S.); (B.K.); (M.H.-K.); (M.Ł.)
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Narani SS, Siddiqua S, Perumal P. Wood fly ash and blast furnace slag management by alkali-activation: Trace elements solidification and composite application. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 354:120341. [PMID: 38364540 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
Wood and biomass are burned in many industries as a sustainable energy source. The large quantities of fly ash produced must be landfilled, leading to environmental concerns. Precipitator wood fly ash (PFA) and ground granulated blast furnace slag (BFS) have been used in this study to prepare alkali-activated composites to manage and recycle the fly ash. After an essential characterization, the influence of parameters such as PFA and BFS content, alkaline activator content (silica moduli of 0, 0.82, 1.32), curing method, and curing duration on the mechanical, chemical, and microstructural properties of the samples have been studied through compressive strength, density, FTIR, and SEM-EDS investigations. The environmental safety and influence of polycondensation on heavy metal stabilization have been examined through ICP-MS. The results prove that oven and hydrothermal curing obtain the early age strength. Despite the variations of strength with duration and type of curing, the compressive strength of samples after 28 days of curing tends to close values for a constant PFA/BFS ratio, due to which the need for energy-intensive curing methods is addressed. ICP-MS shows that the composites can suitably solidify As, Cd, Ba, Cr, Pb, Mo, Se, Hg, Sr, Cu, and Zn. On the other hand, the composites were almost incapable of stabilizing Co and V. Unlike the case for mechanical properties; higher PFA content favours hazardous metal stabilization through polycondensation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shayan S Narani
- School of Engineering, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC, V1V 1V7, Canada; Faculty of Applied Science, School of Engineering, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC, V1V1V7, Canada.
| | - Sumi Siddiqua
- Faculty of Applied Science, School of Engineering, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC, V1V1V7, Canada.
| | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Lin L, He L, Hong H, Li H, Xiao X, Yuan B, Liu S, Lu H, Liu J, Yan C. Sequestration of strontium, nickel, and cadmium on glomalin-related soil protein: Interfacial behaviors and ecological functions. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 881:163461. [PMID: 37062309 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Glomalin-related soil protein (GRSP) is a widespread recalcitrant soil protein complex that promotes the immobilization of metals in soils. Herein, we combined indoor simulation and field investigation to reveal the interfacial behaviors and ecological functions of GRSP to the three typical metals (Sr(II), Ni(II), and Cd(II)). The kinetic and isotherm data suggested that GRSP had a strong ability to adsorb the metals, which was closely related to the Hard-Soft-Acid-Base theory and the film diffusion mechanisms. Regarding environmental factors, the higher solution pH was beneficial to the adsorption of the metals onto GRSP, while the adsorption capacity decreased at lower or higher salinity due to the salting-out and Na+ competition effects. Moreover, Sr(II), Ni(II), and Cd(II) showed competitive adsorption onto GRSP, which was associated with the spatial site resistance effect. By comparing the retention factors of seven natural and artificial particles, GRSP had elevated distribution coefficients in high metal concentration, while its retention factors showed a relatively lower decrease, suggesting that GRSP had excellent buffer performance for a potential metal pollution emergency. Through the continental-scale coastal regions investigation, GRSP sequestered 1.05-3.11 μmol/g Ni, 0.31-1.49 μmol/g Sr, and 0.01-0.06 μmol/g Cd with 0.54-0.91 % of the sediment mass, demonstrating its strong ability to adsorb the metals. Therefore, we advocate that GRSP, as a recalcitrant protein complex, can be considered an effective tool for buffering capacity of metal pollution and environmental capacity within coastal wetlands.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lujian Lin
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, PR China
| | - Le He
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, PR China
| | - Hualong Hong
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, PR China
| | - Hanyi Li
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, PR China
| | - Xilin Xiao
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, PR China; College of the Environment and Ecology and State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Fujian Key Laboratory of Marine Carbon Sequestration, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, PR China
| | - Bo Yuan
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, PR China
| | - Shanle Liu
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, PR China
| | - Haoliang Lu
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, PR China
| | - Jingchun Liu
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, PR China
| | - Chongling Yan
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Maged A, El-Fattah HA, Kamel RM, Kharbish S, Elgarahy AM. A comprehensive review on sustainable clay-based geopolymers for wastewater treatment: circular economy and future outlook. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2023; 195:693. [PMID: 37204517 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-023-11303-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
In the present era of significant industrial development, the presence and dispersal of countless water contaminants in water bodies worldwide have rendered them unsuitable for various forms of life. Recently, the awareness of environmental sustainability for wastewater treatment has increased rapidly in quest of meeting the global water demand. Despite numerous conventional adsorbents on deck, exploring low-cost and efficient adsorbents is interesting. Clays and clays-based geopolymers are intensively used as natural, alternative, and promising adsorbents to meet the goals for combating climate change and providing low carbon, heat, and power. In this narrative work, the present review highlights the persistence of some inorganic/organic water pollutants in aquatic bodies. Moreover, it comprehensively summarizes the advancement in the strategies associated with synthesizing clays and their based geopolymers, characterization techniques, and applications in water treatment. Furthermore, the critical challenges, opportunities, and future prospective regarding the circular economy are additionally outlined. This review expounded on the ongoing research studies for leveraging these eco-friendly materials to address water decontamination. The adsorption mechanisms of clays-based geopolymers are successfully presented. Therefore, the present review is believed to deepen insights into wastewater treatment using clays and clays-based geopolymers as a groundbreaking aspect in accord with the waste-to-wealth concept toward broader sustainable development goals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Maged
- Geology Department, Faculty of Science, Suez University, P.O. Box 43518, El Salam City, Suez Governorate, Egypt.
| | - Hadeer Abd El-Fattah
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Suez University, P.O. Box 43518, El Salam City, Suez Governorate, Egypt
| | - Rasha M Kamel
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Suez University, P.O. Box 43518, El Salam City, Suez Governorate, Egypt
| | - Sherif Kharbish
- Geology Department, Faculty of Science, Suez University, P.O. Box 43518, El Salam City, Suez Governorate, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Elgarahy
- Egyptian Propylene and Polypropylene Company (EPPC), Port-Said, Egypt
- Environmental Chemistry Division, Environmental Science Department, Faculty of Science, Port Said University, Port Said, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Huang T, Song D, Zhou L, Di Y, Zhang S, Tao H. Synergistic influence of diatomite and MoS 2 nanosheets on the self-alkali-activated cementation of the municipal solid waste incineration fly ash and mechanisms. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2023; 161:166-177. [PMID: 36889123 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2023.02.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The solidification/stabilization technique recommended for the disposal of municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) fly ashes in developed countries was inappropriate for the treatment in most developing counterparts. In this study, the diatomite and MoS2 nanosheets were synergistically employed to activate the self-alkali-activated cementation of the MSWI fly ashes to achieve efficient solidification, the immobilization of heavy metals (HMs), and the inhibition of chloride release. The compressive strength of 28.61 MPa and the leaching toxicities (mg/L) of Zn, Pb, Cu, Cd, and Cr of 2.26, 0.87, 0.5, 0.06, and 0.22 were obtained from the hardened mortars. Diatomite significantly influenced the self-alkali-activated cementation of the MSWI fly ashes while MoS2 nanosheets played both roles in intensifying the stabilization of HMs and strengthening the binding process by inducing the formation of sodalite and kaolinite, enhancing the growth rates of nucleation, and transforming the layered cementation to the partial and full three-dimensional cementation in the hardened matrix. This study not only verified the feasibility of diatomite and MoS2 in activating the self-alkali-activated cementation of the MSWI fly ashes but also supplied a reliable technique for the harmless disposal and efficient utilization of MSWI fly ashes in developing countries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Huang
- School of Materials Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, 215500, China; Suzhou Key Laboratory of Functional Ceramic Materials, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu 215500, China; School of Chemical Engineering & Technology, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221116, China.
| | - Dongping Song
- School of Materials Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, 215500, China; Suzhou Key Laboratory of Functional Ceramic Materials, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu 215500, China
| | - Lulu Zhou
- School of Materials Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, 215500, China
| | - YangYang Di
- School of Materials Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, 215500, China
| | - Shuwen Zhang
- School of resource environmental and safety engineering, University of South China, 421001, China
| | - Hui Tao
- Chongqing Water Affairs Group Co., Ltd., No. 1, Longjiawan, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400000, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Yu S, Wang X, Liu F, Xiao K, Kang C. Adsorption of acetone, ethyl acetate and toluene by beta zeolite/diatomite composites: preparation, characterization and adsorbability. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:80646-80656. [PMID: 35723824 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-21308-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The hierarchical porous composites (Beta/Dt) were prepared by secondary growth method using natural diatomite and beta zeolite. Moreover, XRD, SEM, and BET characterize the composite's composition, surface structure, and pore structure. The adsorbability of Beta/Dt was evaluated by adsorption of three common volatile organic compounds (VOCs) of the printing industry: acetone, ethyl acetate, and toluene. The results show that under the optimum preparation condition, the adsorption capacities of the three VOCs on Beta/Dt were about 3.5 times those of pure beta zeolite and 4.7-35.3 times those of diatomite, respectively. It indicates the synergistic adsorption effect between beta zeolite and diatomite. The superior adsorption capacity of Beta/Dt can be attributed to the suitable micropore size, the increase of the diffusion channels, and the chemical adsorption on modification diatomite. The adsorption of acetone, ethyl acetate, and toluene on Beta/Dt conformed to the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. In contrast, adsorption isotherms conformed to the Langmuir model, meaning that both physical and chemical adsorption occurred simultaneously during the adsorption process, and the adsorption belonged to the monolayer adsorption. The chemical adsorption mechanism can be ascribed to the nucleophilic reaction between the three VOCs (acetone, ethyl acetate, and toluene) and Beta/Dt with positive charges resulting from the modification diatomite. Furthermore, the composite could still keep more than 90% of the adsorption capacity of the original adsorbent after five regeneration cycles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuyi Yu
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
- College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Xiaoyu Wang
- College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Fang Liu
- College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Kunkun Xiao
- College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Chunli Kang
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.
- College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Adly E, Shaban MS, El-Sherbeeny AM, Al Zoubi W, Abukhadra MR. Enhanced Congo Red Adsorption and Photo-Fenton Oxidation over an Iron-Impeded Geopolymer from Ferruginous Kaolinite: Steric, Energetic, Oxidation, and Synergetic Studies. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:31218-31232. [PMID: 36092609 PMCID: PMC9453960 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c03365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
An iron-impeded geopolymer (Fe/GP) was synthesized from natural ferruginous kaolinite and optical waste for enhanced decontamination of Congo red (CR) dye. The adsorption properties of Fe/GP were assessed using an advanced monolayer equilibrium model of one energy (R 2 > 0.99). Fe/GP possessed an active site density of 391.3 mg/g, which induced an adsorption capacity of 634 mg/g at the saturation state. The number of adsorbed CR molecules per site (n = 1.56-1.62) reflected the possible uptake of two molecules per site via a multimolecular mechanism. The adsorption energy (5.12-5.7 kJ/mol) reflected the physical adsorption of the CR molecules via hydrogen bonding and/or van der Waals forces. As a catalyst, notable activity toward photo-Fenton oxidation was achieved even at high CR concentrations. Complete oxidation was observed after 30 (CR concentration: 10 mg/L), 50 (20 mg/L), 80 (30 mg/L), 120 (40 mg/L), and 140 min (50 mg/L). High oxidation efficiency was achieved using 0.1 g/L Fe/GP, 0.1 mL of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and a visible light source. Increasing the Fe/GP dosage to 0.3 g/L resulted in complete oxidation of CR (100 mg/L) after 220 min. Therefore, synthetic Fe/GP can be used as a low-cost and superior catalyst and adsorbent for the removal of CR-based contaminants via adsorption or advanced oxidation processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Esraa
R. Adly
- Materials
Technologies and Their Applications Lab, Geology Department, Faculty
of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 65211, Egypt
- Geology
Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef
University, Beni-Suef 65211, Egypt
| | - Mohamed S. Shaban
- Geology
Department, Faculty of Science, New Valley
University, Kharga 72713, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M. El-Sherbeeny
- Industrial
Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Saud University, P.O. Box 800, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wail Al Zoubi
- Materials
Electrochemistry Laboratory, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Mostafa R. Abukhadra
- Materials
Technologies and Their Applications Lab, Geology Department, Faculty
of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 65211, Egypt
- Geology
Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef
University, Beni-Suef 65211, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Wang J, Cai W, Zuo R, Du C. A Study of Sr Sorption Behavior in Claystone from a Candidate High-Level Radioactive Waste Geological Disposal Site under the Action of FeOOH Colloids. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:9970. [PMID: 36011607 PMCID: PMC9408631 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19169970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Colloids have a significant influence on the migration of nuclides in claystone, which is an important geological barrier. The sorption of strontium on claystone in the presence of FeOOH colloids was investigated in samples from the Suhongtu site, a candidate high-level radioactive waste disposal site in China. The effects of colloid amount, solid content, and pH were investigated by batch tests, and the sorption reaction mechanism was analyzed by kinetic modeling and microscopic characterization techniques. The results indicate that the sorption of Sr by claystone increased with the solids content, and the claystone had a stronger Sr sorption capacity under alkaline conditions. The Sr sorption kinetics were best described by the pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order models, which revealed that the progress is affected by physical diffusion and chemical sorption. Furthermore, the microscopic characterization results demonstrate that cation exchange reactions and surface complex reactions are the main sorption mechanisms for Sr sorption on claystone. Ca and Mg plasmas in claystone minerals can have cation replacement reactions with Sr, and functional groups such as -OH and [CO3]2- can have complexation reactions with Sr to adsorb Sr on the surface of the claystone. Additionally, the presence of the FeOOH colloid inhibited the sorption effect of claystone slightly. The FeOOH colloid could occupy sorption sites on the claystone surface, which reduces the activity of the functional groups and inhibits the sorption of Sr on claystone.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinsheng Wang
- College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
- Engineering Research Center of Groundwater Pollution Control and Remediation, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Weihai Cai
- College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
- Engineering Research Center of Groundwater Pollution Control and Remediation, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Rui Zuo
- College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
- Engineering Research Center of Groundwater Pollution Control and Remediation, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Can Du
- Development and Research Center, China Geological Survey, Beijing 100037, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Lin L, Yuan B, Zhang B, Li H, Liao R, Hong H, Lu H, Liu J, Yan C. Uncovering the disposable face masks as vectors of metal ions (Pb(Ⅱ), Cd(Ⅱ), Sr(Ⅱ)) during the COVID-19 pandemic. CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL (LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND : 1996) 2022; 439:135613. [PMID: 36568492 PMCID: PMC9761293 DOI: 10.1016/j.cej.2022.135613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The demand for disposable face masks (DFMs) increased sharply in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. However, information regarding the underlying roles of the largely discarded DFMs in the environment is extremely lacking. This study focused on the pristine and UV-aged DFMs as vectors of metal ions (Pb(Ⅱ), Cd(Ⅱ), and Sr(Ⅱ)). Further, the aging mechanism of DFMs with UV radiation as well as the interaction mechanisms between DFMs and metal ions were investigated. Results revealed that the aging process would help to promote more metal ions adsorbed onto DFMs, which was mainly attributed to the presence of oxygen-containing groups on the aged DFMs. The adsorption affinity of pristine and aged DFMs for the metal ions followed Pb(Ⅱ) > Cd(Ⅱ) > Sr(Ⅱ), which was positively corrected with the electronegativity of the metals. Interestingly, we found that even if DFMs were not disrupted, DFMs had similar or even higher adsorption affinity for metals compared with other existing microplastics. Besides, regarding environmental factors, including salinity and solution pH played a crucial role in the adsorption processes, with greater adsorption capacities for pristine and aged DFMs at higher pH values and low salinity. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and density functional theory further confirmed that the pristine DFMs interacted with the metals mainly through electrostatic interaction, while electrostatic interaction and surface complexation jointly regulated the adsorption of the metals onto aged DFMs. Overall, these findings would help to evaluate environmental behaviors and risks of DFMs associated with metals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lujian Lin
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, PR China
| | - Bo Yuan
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, PR China
| | - Binghuang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, PR China
| | - Hanyi Li
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, PR China
| | - Ran Liao
- Guangdong Research Center of Polarization Imaging and Measurement Engineering Technology, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, PR China
| | - Hualong Hong
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, PR China
| | - Haoliang Lu
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, PR China
| | - Jingchun Liu
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, PR China
| | - Chongling Yan
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, PR China
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Synthesis and Characterization of Green ZnO@polynaniline/Bentonite Tripartite Structure (G.Zn@PN/BE) as Adsorbent for As (V) Ions: Integration, Steric, and Energetic Properties. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14122329. [PMID: 35745905 PMCID: PMC9229974 DOI: 10.3390/polym14122329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A green ZnO@polynaniline/bentonite composite (G.Zn@PN/BE) was synthesized as an enhanced adsorbent for As (V) ions. Its adsorption properties were assessed in comparison with the integrated components of bentonite (BE) and polyaniline/bentonite (PN/BE) composites. The G.Zn@PN/BE composite achieved an As (V) retention capacity (213 mg/g) higher than BE (72.7 mg/g) and PN/BE (119.8 mg/g). The enhanced capacity of G.Zn@PN/BE was studied using classic (Langmuir) and advanced equilibrium (monolayer model of one energy) models. Considering the steric properties, the structure of G.Zn@PN/BE demonstrated a higher density of active sites (Nm = 109.8 (20 °C), 108.9 (30 °C), and 67.8 mg/g (40 °C)) than BE and PN/BE. This declared the effect of the integration process in inducing the retention capacity by increasing the quantities of the active sites. The number of adsorbed As (V) ions per site (1.76 up to 2.13) signifies the retention of two or three ions per site by a multi-ionic mechanism. The adsorption energies (from -3.07 to -3.26 kJ/mol) suggested physical retention mechanisms (hydrogen bonding and dipole bonding forces). The adsorption energy, internal energy, and free enthalpy reflected the exothermic, feasible, and spontaneous nature of the retention process. The structure is of significant As (V) uptake capacity in the existence of competitive anions or metal ions.
Collapse
|
13
|
Oleic Acid-Tailored Geopolymer Microspheres with Tunable Porous Structure for Enhanced Removal from Tetracycline in Saline Water. SUSTAINABILITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/su14116705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
Tetracycline (TC) in the water body poses a huge threat to the ecological environment. There is a great challenge to develop highly efficient, green, low-cost and reusable adsorbents for TC removal from saline water. Herein, metakaolin-based geopolymer microspheres (MM) modified by oleic acid were proposed for the enhanced adsorption of TC from saline water. Experimental and characterization results showed that the introduction of oleic acid into the MM effectively adjusted the specific surface area, pore volume and zeta potential of the MM, thus accelerating the adsorption rate and enhancing the TC adsorption capacity of the MM. The adsorption process fitted well to the pseudo-second-order kinetic and Langmuir isothermal models. The Langmuir adsorption capacity of TC by the optimal MM, namely MM3 (0.3%, oleic acid), reached 645.7 mg·g−1 at 298 K, which was higher than many reported adsorbents. The adsorption process was endothermic and spontaneous. The MM3 had good adsorption performance of TC from saline water and regeneration performance. Moreover, the breakthrough curves of the MM3 in a column system were correlative with the Thomas and Yoon–Nelson models. The adsorption mechanisms of TC by the MM3 involved Van der Waals forces, electrostatic interactions, hydrogen–bonding interactions, and ion exchange.
Collapse
|
14
|
Li L, Liu C, Zhang H, Huang B, Luo B, Bie C, Sun X. The enrichment of rare earth from magnesium salt leaching solution of ion-adsorbed type deposit: A waste-free process for removing impurities. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 310:114743. [PMID: 35217448 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.114743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Due to the complex composition of ion-adsorbed type rare earth ore leaching solution, there are challenges in the process of rare earth (RE) separation, such as large RE loss rate, low product purity, radioactive residue and so on. In this article, 8-hydroxyquinoline modified silica gel (HQ-SiO2) and 2,2'-(1,4-phenylenebis(oxy)) dioctanoic acid (PPBOA) were used to form an efficient process for impurities removal and RE enrichment. Solid phase extraction successfully intercepted 96.7% of the radioactive element thorium. The concentration of aluminium was reduced to 2.14 ppm by frank chromatography. Rare earth elements were enriched from 336.35 mg/L to 237.75 g/L by extraction-precipitation, that is, the enrichment multiple reached more than 700 and the proportion of RE was increased from 21.85% to 96.62%. The loss rate of RE was controlled below 1.59%. Moreover, the magnesium salt leaching solution could be recycled for the leaching of RE ores. Although some liquid waste need to be treated in the processes of HQ-SiO2 production and regeneration, the integrated process helps to decrease volatile organic solvent, acid-base consumption, wastewater and waste residue. It is an environment-friendly RE enrichment and impurity removal process, which shows application potential in the production field of ion-adsorbed type rare earth mineral products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liqing Li
- Faculty of Materials Metallurgy and Chemistry, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, 341000, PR China
| | - Chenhao Liu
- Faculty of Materials Metallurgy and Chemistry, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, 341000, PR China; CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, Fujian Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, PR China; Xiamen Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Photoelectric Functional Materials, Fujian Research Center for Rare Earth Engineering Technology, Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Haixi Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, Fujian, 361021, PR China
| | - Hepeng Zhang
- Faculty of Materials Metallurgy and Chemistry, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, 341000, PR China; CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, Fujian Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, PR China; Xiamen Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Photoelectric Functional Materials, Fujian Research Center for Rare Earth Engineering Technology, Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Haixi Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, Fujian, 361021, PR China
| | - Bin Huang
- Faculty of Materials Metallurgy and Chemistry, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, 341000, PR China; CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, Fujian Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, PR China; Xiamen Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Photoelectric Functional Materials, Fujian Research Center for Rare Earth Engineering Technology, Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Haixi Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, Fujian, 361021, PR China; Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Cleaner Production of Rare Earths, Ganjiang Innovation Academy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, 341000, PR China; Ganzhou Rare Earth Group Co., Ltd., China Southern Rare Earth, Ganzhou, 341000, PR China
| | - Bing Luo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, Fujian Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, PR China; Xiamen Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Photoelectric Functional Materials, Fujian Research Center for Rare Earth Engineering Technology, Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Haixi Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, Fujian, 361021, PR China
| | - Chao Bie
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, Fujian Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, PR China; Xiamen Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Photoelectric Functional Materials, Fujian Research Center for Rare Earth Engineering Technology, Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Haixi Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, Fujian, 361021, PR China
| | - Xiaoqi Sun
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, Fujian Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, PR China; Xiamen Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Photoelectric Functional Materials, Fujian Research Center for Rare Earth Engineering Technology, Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Haixi Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, Fujian, 361021, PR China; Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Cleaner Production of Rare Earths, Ganjiang Innovation Academy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, 341000, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Highly efficient Cd(II) removal using macromolecular dithiocarbamate/slag-based geopolymer composite microspheres (SGM-MDTC). Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2021.120395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
|
16
|
Castillo H, Collado H, Droguett T, Vesely M, Garrido P, Palma S. State of the art of geopolymers: A review. E-POLYMERS 2022. [DOI: 10.1515/epoly-2022-0015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Geopolymers emerge as an ecological alternative for construction materials. These consist of a mixture of aluminosilicate sources and an alkaline solution that dissolves the silicon and aluminum monomers that come from the source to generate a gel called N–A–S–H that will control the main properties of the geopolymer. The geopolymer stands out for having good resistance to compression, as well as good resistance to high temperatures and corrosive environments. They have great potential as a replacement for classical technologies such as concrete, however, require further applied research to determine their feasibility on an industrial scale.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hengels Castillo
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Complex Fluids Laboratory, Federico Santa María Technical University , Santiago , San Joaquín 8940572 , Chile
- JRI Ingeniería S.A., Department of Geotechnics , Santiago , Ñuñoa 7770445 , Chile
| | - Humberto Collado
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Complex Fluids Laboratory, Federico Santa María Technical University , Santiago , San Joaquín 8940572 , Chile
- JRI Ingeniería S.A., Department of Geotechnics , Santiago , Ñuñoa 7770445 , Chile
| | - Thomas Droguett
- Department of Metallurgical Engineering, University of Santiago de Chile , Santiago , 9170022 , Chile
| | - Mario Vesely
- JRI Ingeniería S.A., Department of Geotechnics , Santiago , Ñuñoa 7770445 , Chile
| | - Pamela Garrido
- CIMS-JRI Sustainable Mining Research Center, General Manager , Santiago , La Reina 7850000 , Chile
| | - Sergio Palma
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Complex Fluids Laboratory, Federico Santa María Technical University , Santiago , San Joaquín 8940572 , Chile
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Salam MA, Mokhtar M, Albukhari SM, Baamer DF, Palmisano L, AlHammadi AA, Abukhadra MR. Synthesis of zeolite/geopolymer composite for enhanced sequestration of phosphate (PO 43-) and ammonium (NH 4+) ions; equilibrium properties and realistic study. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 300:113723. [PMID: 34521003 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Zeolite impeded geopolymer (Z/G) was synthesized from natural kaolinite and diatomite. The structure (Z/G) was characterized as an enhanced adsorbent for PO43- and NH4+ ions from aqueous solutions, groundwater, and sewage water. The synthetic Z/G structure exhibits sequestration capacities of 206 mg/g and 140 mg/g for PO43- and NH4+, respectively which are higher values than the recognized results for the geopolymer and other adsorbents in literature. The sequestration reactions of PO43- and NH4+ by Z/G are of Pseudo-Second order kinetic behavior considering both the Chi-squared (χ2) and correlation coefficient (R2) values. The sequestration reactions occur in homogenous and monolayer forms considering their agreement with Langmuir behavior. The Gaussian energies (12.4 kJ/mol (PO43-) and 10.47 kJ/mol (NH4+)) demonstrate the operation of a chemical sequestration mechanism that might be involved zeolitic ion exchange process and chemical complexation. Additionally, these reactions are exothermic processes of spontaneous and favorable properties based on thermodynamic studies. The Z/G structure is of significant affinity for both PO43- and NH4+ even in the existence of other anions as Cl-, HCO3-, SO42-, and NO3-. Finally, the structure used effectively in the purification of groundwater and sewage water from PO43- and NH4+ in addition to nitrate, sulfate, and some metal ions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Abdel Salam
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O Box 80200, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Mokhtar
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O Box 80200, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Soha M Albukhari
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O Box 80200, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Doaa F Baamer
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O Box 80200, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Leonardo Palmisano
- Schiavello-Grillone Photocatalysis Group, Dipartimento di Ingegneria, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze (ed. 6), 90128, Palermo, Italy
| | - Ali A AlHammadi
- Chemical Engineering Department, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates; Center for Catalysis and Separations, Khalifa University, P.O.Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mostafa R Abukhadra
- Geology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni -Suef city, Egypt; Materials Technologies and Their Applications Lab, Geology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef City, Egypt.
| |
Collapse
|