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Xiong X, Wu Z, Jiang P, Lai M, Cheng G. A Novel Method for Preparing Lightweight and High-Strength Ceramisite Coarse Aggregates from Solid Waste Materials. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:2613. [PMID: 38893878 PMCID: PMC11173997 DOI: 10.3390/ma17112613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 05/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
A novel method is introduced in this study for producing ceramisite coarse aggregates that are both lightweight and possess high strength. The process involves utilizing fly ash as the primary material, along with coal ash floating beads (CAFBs) that have high softening temperature and a spherical hollow structure serving as the template for forming pores. This study examined the impact of varying particle size and quantity of floating beads on the composition and characteristics of ceramisite aggregates. Results showed that the high softening temperature of floating beads provided stability to the spherical cavity structure throughout the sintering process. Furthermore, the pore structure could be effectively tailored by manipulating the size and quantity of the floating beads in the manufacturing procedure. The obtained ceramisite aggregates feature a compact outer shell and a cellular inner core with uniformly distributed pores that are isolated from each other and mostly spherical in form. They achieve a low density ranging from 723 to 855 kg/m3, a high cylinder compressive strength between 8.7 and 13.5 MPa, and minimal water absorption rates of 3.00 to 4.09%. The performance metrics of these coarse aggregates significantly exceeded the parameters specified in GB/T 17431.1-2010 standards.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zhi Wu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan Institute of Technology, No. 18 Henghua Road, Hengyang 421002, China; (X.X.); (P.J.); (M.L.); (G.C.)
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Yuan N, Li Z, Shang Q, Liu X, Deng C, Wang C. High efficiency of drinking water treatment residual-based sintered ceramsite in biofilter for domestic wastewater treatment. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 354:120401. [PMID: 38382437 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Aluminum (Al)-based drinking water treatment residue (DWTR) has often been attempted to be recycled as dominant ingredient to produce sintered ceramsite for water treatment. This study aimed to determine the long-term performance of DWTR-based ceramsite in treating domestic wastewater based on a 385-d biofilter test and by using physicochemical, metagenomic, and metatranscriptomic analyses. The results showed that the ceramsite-packed biofilter exhibited high and stable capability in removing phosphorus (P) and chemical oxygen demand (COD), with removal efficiencies of 92.6 ± 3.97% and 81.1 ± 14.0% for total P and COD, respectively; moreover, 88-100% of ammonium-nitrogen (N) was normally converted, and the total N removal efficiency reached 80-86% under proper aeration. Further analysis suggested that the forms of the removed P in the ceramsite were mainly NH4F- and NaOH-extractable. Microbial communities in the ceramsite biofilter exhibited relatively high activity. Typically, various organic matter degradation-related genes (e.g., hemicellulose and starch degradations) were enriched, and a complete N-cycling pathway was established, which is beneficial for enriching microbes involved in ammonium-N conversion, especially Candidatus Brocadia, Candidatus Jettenia, Nitrosomonas, and Nitrospira. In addition, the structures of the ceramsite had high stability (e.g., compressive strength and major compositions). The ceramsites showed limited metal and metalloid pollution risks and even accumulated copper from the wastewater. These results demonstrate the high feasibility of applying ceramsite prepared from Al-based DWTR for water treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nannan Yuan
- Nanjing Vocational College of Information Technology, Nanjing, 210023, China; State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Ziyi Li
- School of Biology, Food and Environment, Hefei University, Hefei, 230000, China; State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Qiannan Shang
- School of Biology, Food and Environment, Hefei University, Hefei, 230000, China; State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Xiaowei Liu
- School of Biology, Food and Environment, Hefei University, Hefei, 230000, China
| | - Chengxun Deng
- School of Biology, Food and Environment, Hefei University, Hefei, 230000, China
| | - Changhui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China.
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Xia T, Zhang X, Chen D, Gao Z, Ji Y, Xia J, Wang L. Effects of ceramsite derived from sewage sludge combined with the O 3-FeCl 3/PAM process on the dewatering of waste-activated sludge and investigation of dewatering mechanisms. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2023; 88:367-380. [PMID: 37522439 PMCID: wst_2023_224 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2023.224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
The high water content of waste-activated sludge restricts the subsequent disposal of sludge. The dehydration properties of O3, ferric chloride (FeCl3)/polyacrylamide, and sludge ceramsite sand (SCS) were studied. Simultaneously, the effect of combining the three was investigated to support the deep dehydration of waste-activated sludge. Experimental results showed that with13.42 mg/(g dry solids (DS)) of O3, 109.89 mg/(g DS) of FeCl3, and 100 mesh dosage of 70% DS of sludge ceramsite on weight, the highest sludge net yield was 7.13 kg/(m2·h) and the minimum specific resistance to filtration of sludge cake was 1.02 × 1012 (m/kg). Compared with the compressibility of the raw sludge, the compressibility of the sludge cake decreased by 37.48%. Moreover, the YN (net yield) increased by 73.55%. The results demonstrate that the structure of cracking, flocculation, and hydrophobic framework is the mechanism of sludge dewatering in this combined process. This combined treatment process provides a new perspective for the realization of deep dewatering of sludge and is anticipated to be a successful sludge dehydration method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Xia
- College of Urban Construction, Nanjing Tech University, Puzhu Road 30, Nanjing 211816, China E-mail:
| | - Xu Zhang
- College of Urban Construction, Nanjing Tech University, Puzhu Road 30, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Dongjie Chen
- College of Urban Construction, Nanjing Tech University, Puzhu Road 30, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Zaizhuang Gao
- College of Urban Construction, Nanjing Tech University, Puzhu Road 30, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Yuxiao Ji
- College of Urban Construction, Nanjing Tech University, Puzhu Road 30, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Jianjun Xia
- College of Urban Construction, Nanjing Tech University, Puzhu Road 30, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Anhui Academy of Environmental Science Research, Hefei 230071, China
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Huang C, Yuan N, He X, Wang C. Ceramsite made from drinking water treatment residue for water treatment: A critical review in association with typical ceramsite making. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 328:117000. [PMID: 36502704 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.117000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The use of ceramsite to construct filtration systems (e.g., biofilters) is a common method for water treatment. To promote such applications, the development of low-cost, high-performance, and environmentally friendly ceramsites has received increasing attention from scientists, and a critical step in the development is the preparation of raw materials. As an inevitable and non-hazardous by-product during potable water production, drinking water treatment residue (DWTR) is typically recycled to make water treatment ceramsite to promote recycling in filtration systems. This study aims to bridge the knowledge gap regarding DWTR in making ceramsites for water treatment. The results suggest that the fabrication methods for DWTR-based ceramsite can be generally classified into sintering and non-sintering procedures. For the sintering method, owing to the heterogeneous properties (especially aluminum, iron, and calcium), DWTR has been applied as various sub-ingredients for raw materials preparations. In contrast, for the non-sintering method, DWTR is commonly applied as the main ingredient, and natural curing, physical crosslinking, and thermal treatment methods have been typically adopted to make ceramsite. However, DWTR-based ceramsites tend to have a high adsorption capability and favorable microbial effects to control different kinds of pollution (e.g., phosphorus, nitrogen, and organic matter). Future work is typically recommended to thoroughly evaluate the performance of DWTR-based ceramsite-constructed filtration systems to control water pollution concerning the making procedures, the potential to control pollution, the stability, and the safety of raw DWTR-based ceramsite, providing systematic information to design more proper planning for beneficial recycling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenghao Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China; Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Nannan Yuan
- School of Electronic Information, Nanjing Vocational College of Information Technology, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaosong He
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Changhui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China.
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Wang Y, Ji Z, Li X, Long Z, Pei Y. Comprehensive analysis of the migration and transformation of nutrients between sediment and overlying water in complex habitat systems. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 852:158433. [PMID: 36055482 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Under the influence of environmental change, disturbance and other external conditions, sediments release internal nutrients to the overlying water and become a contamination source in the lake. Complex habitat systems provide a unique opportunity for determining the influences of environmental changes in lakes. In this study, Baiyangdian Lake (BYDL) was divided into different habitat systems (connected water areas, river courses, reed fields, lotus ponds, fishponds, farmland, and thorps) based on the influence of natural and artificial activities. The physical and chemical properties of overlying water and sediment in different habitat systems were investigated. In addition, statistical analytical methods were used to analyze the relationship between sediment characteristics and overlying water parameters in different habitat systems. The results showed that nitrogen and phosphorus in the overlying water could accumulate in the sediments, while disturbance was one of the main factors affecting the release of nutrients from sediments. Disturbance promoted the suspension of sediments and increased the oxygen content, thereby facilitating the internal release of nutrients. However, there were also some differences in the process of internal release of nutrients between the habitat systems. Nitrogen in the overlying water was closely related to the source of organic matter (r > 0.950), especially in the ponds (including lotus ponds, reed fields, and fishponds), and phosphorus was mainly influenced by turbidity (r > 0.870). In the river course (p = 0.198, n = 26), the disturbance and increase in pH promoted the internal release of nutrients from the sediments (contributions of 35.2 % and 25.1 %, respectively). In the ponds, the aquatic macrophytes reduced the release of nitrogen and phosphorus in sediments. Overall, this study provides more information on the migration and transformation of nutrients between sediment and overlying water in lakes with multiple habitats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youke Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, No. 19, Xinjiekouwai Street, Beijing 100875, China; The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, No. 19, Xinjiekouwai Street, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Zehua Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, No. 19, Xinjiekouwai Street, Beijing 100875, China; The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, No. 19, Xinjiekouwai Street, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Xiuqing Li
- Shandong Provincial Research Institute of Coal Geology Planning and Exploration, Jinan 250104, China
| | - Ziwei Long
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, No. 19, Xinjiekouwai Street, Beijing 100875, China; The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, No. 19, Xinjiekouwai Street, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Yuansheng Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, No. 19, Xinjiekouwai Street, Beijing 100875, China; The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, No. 19, Xinjiekouwai Street, Beijing 100875, China.
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Wang R, Lu M, Wang J. Co-Utilization of Sewage Sludge and Rice Husk in Ceramsite Preparation with Selective Adsorption Capacity to Pb. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15124310. [PMID: 35744368 PMCID: PMC9230551 DOI: 10.3390/ma15124310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Realizing the green recycling of sludge is an important link to effectively solve the problem of sludge disposal. In this paper, sewage sludge (SS) and rice husk (RH) were utilized as raw materials in preparing novel ceramsite (SRC) for the treatment of lead-containing wastewater, and its adsorption mechanism was explored. The results showed that the optimal preparation conditions were 40% RH + 60% SS mixture, a sintering temperature of 1190 °C, and a sintering time of 20 min. The basic properties of SRC met Chinese artificial ceramsite filter material standards for water treatment (CJ/T 299-2008). Under optimum adsorption conditions (pH = 6, 1 g/L SRC dosage, 20 mg/L Pb(NO)3 concentration, 18 h), the removal rate of Pb2+ reached 94.7%, and the equilibrium adsorption capacity was 18.94 mg/g. The adsorption process was more consistent with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and the Langmuir isotherm model, indicating that the adsorption process was dominated by chemisorption. Thermodynamic parameters (ΔH0 > 0, ΔG0 < 0, ΔS0 > 0) indicated that the adsorption reaction was spontaneous and endothermic. The possible adsorption mechanisms are as follows: (1) SRC is rich in layered mesoporous structure, which provides sufficient reaction sites for Pb adsorption; (2) the sintered lawsonite and muscovite can strongly attract Pb and then form a new phase (Pb10[Si2O7]3(OH)2); (3) Pb2+ can bond with the Si−O- bond in aluminosilicates, and the introduction of Pb elevates the degree of polymerization of aluminosilicates in turn, indicating that the adsorption process is stable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China;
| | - Meng Lu
- Engineering Research Centre for Clean Production of Textile Dyeing and Printing, Ministry of Education, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430073, China;
| | - Junxing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-137-0718-2138
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Influence of Ceramsite with Assembly Unit of Sludge and Excavated Soil on the Properties of Cement Concrete. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15093164. [PMID: 35591496 PMCID: PMC9101640 DOI: 10.3390/ma15093164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
The application of sludge in the manufacture of ceramic material provides an outlet for waste disposal. In this study, we aimed to produce a new lightweight aggregate applications in concrete. The influence of burning temperature on the ignition loss rate, cylinder compressive strength, and the water absorption rate of ceramsite mixed with sludge and excavated soil was investigated. The slump flow, apparent density, and mechanical strength (flexural and compressive strengths) of cement concrete with ceramsite were determined. Moreover, the chloride ion permeability coefficient and the thermal conductivity were tested. Finally, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and thermal analysis were applied to analyze the mechanisms of the properties of ceramsite. Results show that the ignition loss rate and the burning temperature are in a quadratic relationship. The cylinder compressive strength shows a positive quadratic relationship with the burning temperature. However, the water absorption rate negatively correlates with the burning temperature. The addition of sludge can increase the ignition loss rate and cylinder compressive strength of ceramsite. Meanwhile, the effect of sludge on the water absorption rate is the opposite. Ceramsite decreases the slump flow and the apparent density of cement concrete. Cement concrete with 10% ceramsite shows the highest mechanical strength and the lowest chloride ion migration coefficient. Correction of the chloride ion migration coefficient and the content of ceramsite was performed as an exponential equation. Ceramsite exerts a negative effect on the thermal conductivity of cement concrete. Concrete with sludge ceramsite shows higher slump flow, apparent density, mechanical strength, and resistance to chloride ion penetration and thermal conductivity than concrete sludge with clay ceramsite. The mullite content of sludge ceramsite is higher than that of clay ceramsite. Additionally, sludge ceramsite exhibits a denser structure than that of clay ceramsite.
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