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Possibility of using olive oil as a novel dosimeter in radiological accidents: First experimental results. RADIAT MEAS 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radmeas.2023.106922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
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Reimitz D, Hupka I, Ekendahl D. OSL SENSITIVITY OF QUARTZ EXTRACTED FROM FIRED BRICKS FOR RETROSPECTIVE DOSIMETRY. RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY 2022; 198:641-645. [PMID: 36005962 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncac111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Optically stimulated luminescence of quartz extracted from fired materials has been used for retrospective dosimetry for about 40 years. Quartz sensitivity to thermoluminescence and optically stimulated luminescence can vary over few orders of magnitude. These discrepancies in sensitivity for the quartz originating from different parts of the world are still not yet fully understood. We have extracted quartz from bricks produced by three different companies in the Czech Republic. Quartz was extracted from fired bricks, as well as from the bricks before firing. Significant changes in quartz sensitivity were observed after firing process. Sensitivity can either increase or decrease, depending mainly on the maximum temperature achieved during firing process. For some samples, the sensitivity increased significantly after firing (7 times). Sensitivity also increased after repeated irradiation exposures. On the other hand, there were also samples for which the sensitivity did not increase after repeated cycles of irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Reimitz
- National Radiation Protection Institute, Bartoškova 28, 14000 Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Ivan Hupka
- National Radiation Protection Institute, Bartoškova 28, 14000 Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Daniela Ekendahl
- National Radiation Protection Institute, Bartoškova 28, 14000 Prague 4, Czech Republic
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Duong Van H, Le Luong H, Nguyen Dinh C, Nguyen Thanh D, Hegedűs M, Csordás A, Kovács T. Gross alpha and gross beta activities in selected marine species in Vietnam. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:33385-33392. [PMID: 32608008 PMCID: PMC7417399 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-09874-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The measured gross alpha and gross beta activities in the edible muscle tissues of eleven selected marine species along the coast of North Vietnam varied from 10.2 ± 1.5 to 73.2 ± 8.1 Bq/kg (wwt) and from 10.6 ± 0.4 to 68.8 ± 2.8 Bq/kg (wwt), respectively. The lowest gross alpha activity was recorded for bigfin reef squid (Sepioteuthis lessoniana) as a result of its carnivorous diet, and the highest alpha activity was noted for blood cockle (Anadara granosa) as a result of its omnivorous diet. However, the gross beta activities in both carnivorous and omnivorous species were similar. The highest and lowest gross beta activities were observed for narrow-barred Spanish mackerel (Scomberomorus commerson) and for bigfin reef squid and squid (Teuthida), respectively. All three aforementioned species have carnivorous diets. The calculated annual committed effective dose resulting from the consumption of 25 kg of muscle tissue per year varied from 192 to 1375 μS with an average of 689 μS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Duong Van
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, 550000, Vietnam
| | - Huy Le Luong
- AGH University of Science and Technology (AGH UST), Krakow, Poland
| | - Chau Nguyen Dinh
- AGH University of Science and Technology (AGH UST), Krakow, Poland
| | | | - Miklós Hegedűs
- Institute of Radiochemistry and Radioecology, University of Pannonia, Veszprém, Hungary
| | - Anita Csordás
- Institute of Radiochemistry and Radioecology, University of Pannonia, Veszprém, Hungary
| | - Tibor Kovács
- Institute of Radiochemistry and Radioecology, University of Pannonia, Veszprém, Hungary.
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Wai KM, Krstic D, Nikezic D, Lin TH, Yu PKN. External Cesium-137 doses to humans from soil influenced by the Fukushima and Chernobyl nuclear power plants accidents: a comparative study. Sci Rep 2020; 10:7902. [PMID: 32404910 PMCID: PMC7220933 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-64812-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
External exposure to gamma-photon irradiation from soil contamination due to nuclear power plant (NPP) accidents has significant contribution to human radiation exposure in the proximity of the NPP. Detailed absorbed doses in human organs are rarely reported in the literature. We applied the Monte Carlo Neutron Particle (MCNP) transport code to calculate and compare the absorbed doses in different human organs. The absorbed doses by gamma-photon radiation were from cesium-137 (137Cs) in soil contaminated by the two major NPP accidents. More serious and wide-spread impacts of the Chernobyl NPP accident on soil contamination in Ukraine, Belarus, Russia and countries as far as Sweden and Greece were due to the inland location, radiative plume transport pathway and high 137Cs emission strength (9 times the Fukushima emission). Based on our MCNP calculations, the largest absorbed dose was found in skin. The maximum calculated external 137Cs annual effective dose received from the Chernobyl accident was 10 times higher relative to the Fukushima accident. Our calculated effective doses at various influenced areas were comparable to those available in the literature. The calculated annual effective doses at areas near the Fukushima and Chernobyl NPPs exceeded the ICRP recommendation of 1 mSv yr-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ka-Ming Wai
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering, Shantou University, Shantou, China.
- Intelligent Manufacturing Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education, Shantou University, Shantou, China.
| | - Dragana Krstic
- Faculty of Science, University of Kragujevac, R. Domanovica 12, Kragujevac, 34000, Serbia
| | - Dragoslav Nikezic
- Faculty of Science, University of Kragujevac, R. Domanovica 12, Kragujevac, 34000, Serbia
| | - Tang-Huang Lin
- Center for Space and Remote Sensing Research, National Central University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Peter K N Yu
- Department of Physics, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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Geras'kin S, Volkova P, Vasiliyev D, Dikareva N, Oudalova A, Kazakova E, Makarenko E, Duarte G, Kuzmenkov A. Scots pine as a promising indicator organism for biomonitoring of the polluted environment: A case study on chronically irradiated populations. MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2019; 842:3-13. [PMID: 31255224 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2018.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Revised: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
In this paper the main results of long-term (2003-2016) observations on Scots pine populations inhabiting sites affected by the Chernobyl accident are presented. Populations growing for many years under chronic radiation exposure are characterized by the enhanced mutation rates, increased genetic diversity, changes in the gene expression and in the level of genome-wide methylation, alterations in the temporal dynamics of cytogenetic abnormalities and genetic structure of populations. However, significant changes at the genetic level had no effects on enzymatic activity, morphological abnormalities, and reproductive ability of pine trees. The results presented increase our understanding of the long-term effects of chronic radiation exposure on plant populations in the wild nature and provide important information for the management and monitoring of radioactively contaminated territories.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Polina Volkova
- Russian Institute of Radiology and Agroecology, Obninsk, Russia
| | - Denis Vasiliyev
- Russian Institute of Radiology and Agroecology, Obninsk, Russia
| | - Nina Dikareva
- Russian Institute of Radiology and Agroecology, Obninsk, Russia
| | - Alla Oudalova
- Russian Institute of Radiology and Agroecology, Obninsk, Russia; Obninsk Institute for Nuclear Power Engineering, National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Obninsk, Russia
| | | | | | - Gustavo Duarte
- Russian Institute of Radiology and Agroecology, Obninsk, Russia; Institute Jean-Pierre Bourgin, Versailles, France
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Isaksson M, Tondel M, Wålinder R, Rääf C. Modelling the effective dose to a population from fallout after a nuclear power plant accident-A scenario-based study with mitigating actions. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0215081. [PMID: 30964917 PMCID: PMC6456178 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0215081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The radiological consequences of a nuclear power plant (NPP) accident, resulting in the release of radionuclides to the environment, will depend largely on the mitigating actions instigated shortly after the accident. It is therefore important to make predictions of the radiation dose to the affected population, from external as well as internal exposure, soon after an accident, despite the fact that data are scarce. The aim of this study was to develop a model for the prediction of the cumulative effective dose up to 84 years of age based on the ground deposition of 137Cs that is determined soon after fallout. The model accounts for different assumptions regarding external and internal dose contributions, and the model parameters in this study were chosen to reflect various mitigating actions. Furthermore, the relative importance of these parameters was determined by sensitivity analysis. To the best of our knowledge, this model is unique as it allows quantification of both the external and the internal effective dose using only a fallout map of 137Cs after a nuclear power plant accident. The cumulative effective dose over a period of 50 years following the accident per unit 137Cs deposited was found to range from 0.14 mSv/kBq m-2 to 1.5 mSv/kBq m-2, depending on the mitigating actions undertaken. According to the sensitivity analysis, the most important parameters governing the cumulative effective dose to various adult populations during 50 years after the fallout appear to be: the correlation factor between the local areal deposition of 137Cs and the maximum initial ambient dose rate; the maximum transfer from regional average fallout on the ground to body burden; the local areal deposition of 137Cs; and the regional average 137Cs deposition. Therefore, it is important that mapping of local 137Cs deposition is carried out immediately after fallout from a nuclear power plant accident, followed by calculations of radiation doses for different scenarios using well-known parameters, in order to identify the most efficient mitigation strategies. Given this 137Cs mapping, we believe our model is a valuable tool for long-term radiological assessment in the early phase after NPP accidents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mats Isaksson
- Department of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- * E-mail:
| | - Martin Tondel
- Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Uppsala, Uppsala, Sweden
- Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Robert Wålinder
- Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Uppsala, Uppsala, Sweden
- Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Christopher Rääf
- Medical Radiation Physics, Department of Translational Medicine, Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
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Geras'kin S, Oudalova A, Kuzmenkov A, Vasiliyev D. Chronic radiation exposure modifies temporal dynamics of cytogenetic but not reproductive indicators in Scots pine populations. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 239:399-407. [PMID: 29679937 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.04.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Revised: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Over a period of 13 years (2003-2015), reproductive and cytogenetic effects are investigated in Scots pine populations growing in the Bryansk region of Russia radioactively contaminated as a result of the Chernobyl accident. In reference populations, the frequencies of cytogenetic abnormalities are shown to change with time in a cyclic manner. In chronically exposed populations, the cyclic patterns in temporal dynamics of cytogenetic abnormalities appear to be disturbed. In addition, a tendency to decrease in the frequencies of cytogenetic abnormalities with time as well as an increase in their variability with dose rate is revealed. In contrast, no significant impact of chronic radiation exposure on the time dynamics of reproductive indexes is detected. Finally, long-term observations on chronically exposed Scots pine populations revealed qualitative differences in the temporal dynamics of reproductive and cytogenetic indicators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanislav Geras'kin
- Russian Institute of Radiology and Agroecology, Kievskoe shosse, 109 km, 249020, Obninsk, Russia.
| | - Alla Oudalova
- Russian Institute of Radiology and Agroecology, Kievskoe shosse, 109 km, 249020, Obninsk, Russia; Obninsk Institute for Nuclear Power Engineering, National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Obninsk, Russia
| | - Alexey Kuzmenkov
- Russian Institute of Radiology and Agroecology, Kievskoe shosse, 109 km, 249020, Obninsk, Russia
| | - Denis Vasiliyev
- Russian Institute of Radiology and Agroecology, Kievskoe shosse, 109 km, 249020, Obninsk, Russia
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Abstract
In nuclear forensics or accident dosimetry, building materials such as bricks can be used to retrospectively determine radiation fields using thermoluminescence and/or optically stimulated luminescence. A major problem with brick material is that significant chemical processing is generally necessary to isolate the quartz from the brick. In this study, a simplified treatment process has been tested in an effort to lessen the processing burden for retrospective dosimetry studies. It was found that by using thermoluminescence responses, the dose deposition profile of a brick sample could be reconstructed without any chemical treatment. This method was tested by estimating the gamma-ray energies of an Am source from the dose deposition in a brick. The results demonstrated the ability to retrospectively measure the source energy with an overall energy resolution of approximately 6 keV. This technique has the potential to greatly expedite dose reconstructions in the wake of nuclear accidents or for any related application where doses of interest are large compared to overall process system noise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan O'Mara
- *North Carolina State University, Nuclear Engineering Department, Raleigh, NC
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Ramzaev V, Barkovsky A. Vertical distribution of 137Cs in grassland soils disturbed by moles (Talpa europaea L.). JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY 2018; 184-185:101-108. [PMID: 29407638 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2018.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Revised: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 01/15/2018] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Activity of biota is one of the factors influencing vertical migration of radionuclides deposited from the atmosphere onto the ground surface. The goal of this work was to study the vertical distribution of 137Cs in grassland soils disturbed by moles (Talpa europaea L.) in comparison with undisturbed grassland soils. Field observations and soil sampling were carried out in the areas of eight settlements in the Klintsovskiy, Krasnogorskiy and Novozybkovskiy districts of the Bryansk region, Russia in six years during the period 1999-2016. The study sites had been heavily contaminated by Chernobyl fallout in 1986. Activity of 137Cs in soil samples was determined by γ-ray spectrometry. 137Cs surface ground contamination levels at the studied plots (n = 17) ranged from 327 kBq m-2 to 2360 kBq m-2 with a mean of 1000 kBq m-2 and a median of 700 kBq m-2. The position of the 137Cs migration centre in the soil in 2010-2016 was significantly (the Mann-Whitney U test, P < .01) deeper at mole-disturbed plots (median = 5.99 cm or 6.64 g cm-2, n = 6) compared to the undisturbed ones (median = 2.48 cm or 2.35 g cm-2, n = 6). The 137Cs migration rate at mole-disturbed plots (median = 0.26 g cm-2 y-1, mean = 0.31 g cm-2 y-1) was significantly higher (by a factor of 3) than at undisturbed plots (median = 0.08 g cm-2 y-1, mean = 0.10 g cm-2 y-1). The difference in the migration rates between the mole-disturbed and undisturbed plots (median = 0.18 g cm-2 y-1, mean = 0.21 g cm-2 y-1) reasonably corresponded to the mass of soil that might be ejected by moles per unit area per year. The results of this study indicate that the burrowing activity of moles has increased vertical migration of Chernobyl-derived radiocaesium in the grassland soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Ramzaev
- Saint-Petersburg Research Institute of Radiation Hygiene after Professor P.V. Ramzaev, Mira Str. 8, 197101 St.-Petersburg, Russia.
| | - A Barkovsky
- Saint-Petersburg Research Institute of Radiation Hygiene after Professor P.V. Ramzaev, Mira Str. 8, 197101 St.-Petersburg, Russia
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Jönsson M, Tondel M, Isaksson M, Finck R, Wålinder R, Mamour A, Rääf C. Modelling the external radiation exposure from the Chernobyl fallout using data from the Swedish municipality measurement system. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY 2017; 178-179:16-27. [PMID: 28750352 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2017.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Revised: 07/03/2017] [Accepted: 07/04/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In connection with the Chernobyl fallout and the subsequent deposition of radionuclides in Sweden, Swedish municipalities launched a measurement program to monitor the external radiation exposure. This program encompasses measurements of the ambient dose equivalent rate 1 m above ground at selected locations, and repeats those measurements at the same locations at 7-month intervals. Measurement data compiled from the seven locations with the highest deposition were combined with data from aerial surveys since May 1986 of ground deposition of 137Cs, high-resolution gamma spectrometry performed at four locations in May 1986, and measurements from fixed continuous air gamma rate monitoring stations from 28 April to 15 May 1986. Based on these datasets, a model of the time pattern of the external dose rate in terms of ambient dose equivalent rate from the Chernobyl fallout was developed. The decrease in the ambient dose equivalent rate could, on average, be described by a four-component exponential decay function with effective half-times of 6.8 ± 0.3 d, 104 ± 26 d, 1.0 ± 0.02 y and 5.5 ± 0.09 y, respectively. The predominant contributions to the external dose rate in the first month were from short-lived fission products superseded by 134Cs and then 137Cs. Integrated over 70 y and using extrapolation of the curve fits, our model predicts that 137Cs contributes about 60% and 134Cs contributes about 30% of the external effective dose at these seven locations. The projected time-integrated 70 y external effective dose to an unshielded person from all nuclides per unit total activity deposition of 137Cs is estimated to be 0.29 ± 0.0.08 mSv/(kBq m-2). These results are in agreement with those found in Chernobyl contaminated Russian forest areas, and emphasize the usefulness of maintaining a long-term and regular measurement program in contaminated areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mattias Jönsson
- Medical Radiation Physics, Department of Translational Medicine, Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Martin Tondel
- Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mats Isaksson
- Department of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Robert Finck
- Medical Radiation Physics, Department of Translational Medicine, Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Robert Wålinder
- Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Afrah Mamour
- Department of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Christopher Rääf
- Medical Radiation Physics, Department of Translational Medicine, Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.
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Geras'kin S, Vasiliyev D, Makarenko E, Volkova P, Kuzmenkov A. Influence of long-term chronic exposure and weather conditions on Scots pine populations. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:11240-11253. [PMID: 28299565 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-8692-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2016] [Accepted: 02/23/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Over a period of 8 years (2007-2014), we were evaluating seed quality and morphological abnormalities in Scots pine trees affected as a result of the Chernobyl accident. The calculated dose rates for the trees at the study sites varied from background values at the reference sites to 40 mGy/year at the most contaminated site. We investigated whether radioactive contamination and/or weather factors could decrease the reproductive capacity or increase the frequency of morphological abnormalities of needles in pine trees. Scots pine seeds are characterized by high interannual variability of viability, which is largely determined by weather conditions. No consistent differences in reproductive capacity were detected between the impacted and reference populations. Brachyblasts with three needles were found only in the affected populations; however, their frequency was very low and only at the very border of significance at the p < 0.10 level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanislav Geras'kin
- Russian Institute of Radiology and Agroecology, Kievskoe shosse, 109 km, 249020, Obninsk, Russia.
| | - Denis Vasiliyev
- Russian Institute of Radiology and Agroecology, Kievskoe shosse, 109 km, 249020, Obninsk, Russia
| | - Ekaterina Makarenko
- Russian Institute of Radiology and Agroecology, Kievskoe shosse, 109 km, 249020, Obninsk, Russia
| | - Polina Volkova
- Russian Institute of Radiology and Agroecology, Kievskoe shosse, 109 km, 249020, Obninsk, Russia
| | - Alexey Kuzmenkov
- Russian Institute of Radiology and Agroecology, Kievskoe shosse, 109 km, 249020, Obninsk, Russia
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Volkova PY, Geras’kin SA, Kazakova EA. Radiation exposure in the remote period after the Chernobyl accident caused oxidative stress and genetic effects in Scots pine populations. Sci Rep 2017; 7:43009. [PMID: 28223696 PMCID: PMC5320440 DOI: 10.1038/srep43009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2016] [Accepted: 01/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Even 30 years after the Chernobyl accident, biological effects of irradiation are observed in the chronically exposed Scots pine populations. Chronic radiation exposure at dose rates above 50 mGy∙yr-1 caused oxidative stress and led to the increase of antioxidants concentrations in these populations. Genetic variability was examined for 6 enzymes and 14 enzymatic loci of 6 Scots pine populations. Dose rates over 10 mGy∙yr-1 caused the increased frequency of mutations and changes in genetic structure of Scots pine populations. However, the same dose rates had no effect on enzymatic activities. The results indicate that even relatively low dose rates of radiation can be considered as an ecological factor which should be taken into account for ecological management and radiation protection of biota species.
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Bailiff I, Sholom S, McKeever S. Retrospective and emergency dosimetry in response to radiological incidents and nuclear mass-casualty events: A review. RADIAT MEAS 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radmeas.2016.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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14
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Geras’kin SA, Dikareva NS, Oudalova AA, Vasil’ev DV, Volkova PY. The consequences of chronic radiation exposure of scots pine in the remote period after the chernobyl accident. RUSS J ECOL+ 2016. [DOI: 10.1134/s1067413616010057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Geras'kin SA, Volkova PY. Genetic diversity in Scots pine populations along a radiation exposure gradient. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2014; 496:317-327. [PMID: 25087063 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2014] [Revised: 07/05/2014] [Accepted: 07/05/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Polymorphisms of antioxidant enzymes were studied in the endosperm and embryos of seeds from Scots pine populations inhabiting sites in the Bryansk region of Russia radioactively contaminated as a result of the Chernobyl accident. Chronic radiation exposure at dose rates from 0.8 μGy/h led to a significant increase in the rate of enzymatic loci mutations. The main parameters of genetic variability of the affected Scots pine populations had considerably higher values than those from the reference site. Changes in the genetic makeup of Scots pine populations were observed at dose rates greater than 10.4 μGy/h. However, the higher mutation rate had no effect on the activities of antioxidant enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanislav A Geras'kin
- Russian Institute of Agricultural Radiology and Agroecology, Kievskoe shosse, 109km, 249032 Obninsk, Russia.
| | - Polina Yu Volkova
- Russian Institute of Agricultural Radiology and Agroecology, Kievskoe shosse, 109km, 249032 Obninsk, Russia
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16
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Geras'kin S, Evseeva T, Oudalova A. Effects of long-term chronic exposure to radionuclides in plant populations. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY 2013; 121:22-32. [PMID: 22483340 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2012.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2011] [Revised: 03/04/2012] [Accepted: 03/07/2012] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The results of field studies carried out on different plant species (winter rye and wheat, spring barley, oats, Scots pine, wild vetch, crested hairgrass) in various radioecological situations (nuclear weapon testing, the Chernobyl accident, uranium and radium processing) to investigate the effects of long-term chronic exposure to radionuclides are discussed. Plant populations growing in areas with relatively low levels of pollution are characterized by an increased level of both cytogenetic disturbances and genetic diversity. Although ionizing radiation causes primary damage at the molecular level, there are emergent effects at the level of populations, non-predictable from the knowledge of elementary mechanisms of cellular effects formation. Accumulation of cellular alterations may afterward influence biological parameters important for populations such as health and reproduction. Presented data provide evidence that in plant populations inhabiting heavily contaminated territories cytogenetic damage could be accompanied by a decrease in reproductive capacity. However, in less contaminated sites, because of the scarcity of data available, a steady relationship between cytogenetic effects and reproductive capacity was not revealed. Under radioactive contamination of the plant's environment, a population's resistance to exposure may increase. However, there are radioecological situations where an enhanced radioresistance has not evolved or has not persisted.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Geras'kin
- Russian Institute of Agricultural Radiology and Agroecology, Kievskoe shosse, 109 km, 249020 Obninsk, Russia.
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Geras'kin S, Oudalova A, Dikareva N, Spiridonov S, Hinton T, Chernonog E, Garnier-Laplace J. Effects of radioactive contamination on Scots pines in the remote period after the Chernobyl accident. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2011; 20:1195-208. [PMID: 21451948 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-011-0664-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/21/2011] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
A 6 year study of Scots pine populations inhabiting sites in the Bryansk region of Russia radioactively contaminated as a result of the Chernobyl accident is presented. In six study sites, (137)Cs activity concentrations and heavy metal content in soils, as well as (137)Cs, (90)Sr and heavy metal concentrations in cones were measured. Doses absorbed in reproduction organs of pine trees were calculated using a dosimetric model. The maximum annual dose absorbed at the most contaminated site was about 130 mGy. Occurrence of aberrant cells scored in the root meristem of germinated seeds collected from pine trees growing on radioactively contaminated territories for over 20 years significantly exceeded the reference levels during all 6 years of the study. The data suggest that cytogenetic effects occur in Scots pine populations due to the radioactive contamination. However, no consistent differences in reproductive ability were detected between the impacted and reference populations as measured by the frequency of abortive seeds. Even though the Scots pine populations have occupied radioactively contaminated territories for two decades, there were no clear indications of adaptation to the radiation, when measured by the number of aberrant cells in root meristems of seeds exposed to an additional acute dose of radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanislav Geras'kin
- Russian Institute of Agricultural Radiology and Agroecology, Kievskoe shosse, 109 km, 249032, Obninsk, Russia.
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Fujita H, Jain M, Murray A. Retrospective dosimetry using Japanese brick quartz: A way forward despite an unstable fast decaying OSL signal. RADIAT MEAS 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radmeas.2011.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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FUJITA H, JAIN M, MURRAY AS. Utilisation of OSL from Table Salt in Retrospective Dosimetry. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.5453/jhps.46.60] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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Geras’kin SA, Vanina JC, Dikarev VG, Novikova TA, Oudalova AA, Spiridonov SI. Genetic variability in Scotch pine populations of the Bryansk Region radioactively contaminated in the Chernobyl accident. Biophysics (Nagoya-shi) 2010. [DOI: 10.1134/s0006350910020260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Woda C, Jacob P, Ulanovsky A, Fiedler I, Mokrov Y, Rovny S. Evaluation of external exposures of the population of Ozyorsk, Russia, with luminescence measurements of bricks. RADIATION AND ENVIRONMENTAL BIOPHYSICS 2009; 48:405-417. [PMID: 19680674 DOI: 10.1007/s00411-009-0236-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2008] [Accepted: 07/04/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Recently discovered historical documents indicate that large releases of noble gases (mainly (41)Ar and radioactive isotopes of Kr and Xe) from the Mayak Production Association (MPA) over the period from 1948 to 1956 may have caused considerable external exposures of both, inhabitants of Ozyorsk and former inhabitants of villages at the upper Techa River. To quantify this exposure, seven brick samples from three buildings in Ozyorsk, located 8-10 km north-northwest from the radioactive gas release points, were taken. The absorbed dose in brick was measured in a depth interval of 3-13 mm below the exposed surface of the bricks by means of the thermoluminescence (TL) and the optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) method. Generally, luminescence properties using TL were more favorable for precise dose determination than using OSL, but within their uncertainties the results from both methods agree well with each other. The absorbed dose due to natural radiation was assessed and subtracted under the assumption of the bricks to be completely dry. The weighted average of the anthropogenic dose for all samples measured by TL and OSL is 10 +/- 9 and 1 +/- 9 mGy, respectively. An upper limit for a possible anthropogenic dose in brick that would not be detected due to the measurement uncertainties is estimated at 24 mGy. This corresponds to an effective dose of about 21 mSv. A similar range of values is obtained in recently published dispersion calculations that were based on reconstructed MPA releases. It is concluded that the release of radioactive noble gases from the radiochemical and reactor plants at Mayak PA did not lead to a significant external exposure of the population of Ozyorsk. In addition, the study demonstrates the detection limit for anthropogenic doses in ca. 60-year-old bricks to be about 24 mGy, if luminescence methods are used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clemens Woda
- Institute of Radiation Protection, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany.
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