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Siraz MMM, Roy D, Dewan MJ, Alam MS, A M J, Rashid MB, Khandaker MU, Bradley DA, Yeasmin S. Vertical distributions of radionuclides along the tourist-attractive Marayon Tong Hill in the Bandarban district of Bangladesh. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2023; 195:382. [PMID: 36759352 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-023-10921-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
This is the first attempt in the world to depict the vertical distribution of radionuclides in the soil samples along several heights (900 feet, 1550 feet, and 1650 feet) of Marayon Tong hill in the Chittagong Hill Tracts, Bandarban by HPGe gamma-ray spectrometry. The average activity concentrations of 232Th, 226Ra, and 40K were found to be 37.15 ± 3.76 Bqkg-1, 19.69 ± 2.15 Bqkg-1, and 347.82 ± 24.50 Bqkg-1, respectively, where in most cases, 232Th exceeded the world average value of 30 Bqkg-1. According to soil characterization, soils ranged from slightly acidic to moderately acidic, with low soluble salts. The radium equivalent activity, outdoor and indoor absorbed dose rate, external and internal hazard indices, external and internal effective dose rates, gamma level index, and excess lifetime cancer risk were evaluated and found to be below the recommended or world average values; but a measurable activity of 137Cs was found at soils collected from ground level and at an altitude of 1550 feet, which possibly arises from the nuclear fallout. The evaluation of cumulative radiation doses to the inhabitants via periodic measurement is recommended due to the elevated levels of 232Th.This pioneering work in mapping the vertical distribution of naturally occurring radioactive materials (NORMs) can be an essential factual baseline data for the scientific community that may be used to evaluate the variation in NORMs in the future, especially after the commissioning of the Rooppur Nuclear Power Plant in Bangladesh in 2024.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M Mahfuz Siraz
- Health Physics Division, Atomic Energy Centre Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh.
| | - Debasish Roy
- Department of Nuclear Engineering, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Md Jafor Dewan
- Department of Nuclear Engineering, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - M S Alam
- Department of Nuclear Engineering, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Jubair A M
- Department of Nuclear Engineering, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Md Bazlar Rashid
- Geological Survey of Bangladesh, Segunbagicha, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Mayeen Uddin Khandaker
- Faculty of Science and Information Technology, Department of General Educational Development, Daffodil International University, DIU Rd, Dhaka, 1341, Bangladesh
- Centre for Applied Physics and Radiation Technologies, School of Engineering and Technology, Sunway University, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, 47500, Malaysia
| | - D A Bradley
- Centre for Applied Physics and Radiation Technologies, School of Engineering and Technology, Sunway University, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, 47500, Malaysia
- Centre for Nuclear and Radiation Physics, Department of Physics, University of Surrey, Guildford, GU2 7XH, Surrey, UK
| | - S Yeasmin
- Health Physics Division, Atomic Energy Centre Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
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Matsuoka K, Moritsuka N, Nukada M, Sato M. Continuous nitrogen fertilization retards the vertical migration of Fukushima nuclear accident-derived cesium-137 in apple orchard soil. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 731:138903. [PMID: 32416349 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Revised: 04/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We monitored the levels of cesium-137 (137Cs) in the soils of five orchards for six years following the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant accident on 11 March 2011 and found that the vertical distribution of accident-derived 137Cs varied significantly among the orchards with varying land-use and fertilizer management. Based on these results, this study evaluated how nitrogen (N) fertilizer management may have affected the vertical migration of 137Cs in the orchard soils. We selected an experimental orchard producing 'Jonathan' apples, where a long-term N-fertilizer trial has continued since 1973, with an N-fertilized plot (N plot; N added at 20 g m-2 y-1) and a non-fertilized plot (0 N plot). Five years after the accident, the vertical migration of accident-derived 137Cs was significantly lower in the N plot (2.3 cm) than in the 0 N plot (4.3 cm), suggesting greater 137Cs retention in the surface of the N plot. Application of a cesium bromide (133CsBr) tracer suggested that the retarded vertical migration of 137Cs in the N plot may be related to significantly lower amounts of exchangeable 133Cs and significantly higher proportions of non-exchangeable 133Cs in the upper 2 cm. We did not find any evidence of the aboveground plants contributing to more 133Cs retention in the N plot. However, greater 137Cs retention in the surface (0-2 cm) of the N plot may be due to more dissolved organic carbon (DOC), and high DOC may have contributed to deeper 137Cs migration in both the plots. Our results suggest that continuous N fertilizer application significantly retarded the migration of 137Cs by approximately one-half and resulted in less 137Cs reaching the mobile exchangeable form in the deeper root-zone layers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaori Matsuoka
- Institute of Fruit Tree and Tea Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba 305-8605, Japan.
| | - Naoki Moritsuka
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiko Nukada
- Fruit Tree Research Center, Fukushima Agricultural Technology Center, Fukushima 960-0231, Japan
| | - Mamoru Sato
- Fruit Tree Research Center, Fukushima Agricultural Technology Center, Fukushima 960-0231, Japan
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Stastney P, Black S. Bog Microtopography and the Climatic Sensitivity of Testate Amoeba Communities: Implications for Transfer Function-Based Paleo-Water Table Reconstructions. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2020; 80:309-321. [PMID: 32157374 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-020-01499-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Although the use of sub-fossil testate amoebae as a proxy for raised bog hydrology in Holocene paleoecological studies is well-established, some detailed aspects of species-environment relationships remain under-researched. One such issue is the effect of bog surface microtopography on the climatic sensitivity of testate amoeba communities. Although it has been suggested that some microforms-especially hummocks-may be less sensitive to climatic forcing than others, this has rarely been objectively tested. To investigate this, subfossil testate amoebae assemblages have been examined in a series of shallow cores collected along a hummock-lawn-hollow transect from a bog in central Ireland and the resulting reconstructed water table records, dated using 210Pb, have been compared with instrumental weather data. Testate amoebae communities in the hollow microform were found to be significantly less diverse than those in the hummock and lawn, and both the hummock and lawn showed statistically significant correlations with instrumental temperature and precipitation data. Therefore, whilst the suggestion that paleoecological investigations should target intermediate bog microforms remains sound, the notion that hummock-based testate amoebae hydrological data are climatically-insensitive is challenged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phil Stastney
- School of Archaeology, Geography and Environmental Science, University of Reading, Reading, RG6 6AB, UK.
- MOLA, Mortimer Wheeler House, 46 Eagle Wharf Road, London, N1 7ED, UK.
| | - Stuart Black
- School of Archaeology, Geography and Environmental Science, University of Reading, Reading, RG6 6AB, UK
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Centennial Fertilization-Induced Soil Processes Control Trace Metal Dynamics. Lessons from a Long-Term Bare Fallow Experiment. SOIL SYSTEMS 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/soilsystems2020023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Mesrar H, Sadiki A, Faleh A, Quijano L, Gaspar L, Navas A. Vertical and lateral distribution of fallout 137Cs and soil properties along representative toposequences of central Rif, Morocco. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY 2017; 169-170:27-39. [PMID: 28043039 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2016.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2016] [Revised: 12/16/2016] [Accepted: 12/27/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to understand and quantify the relationships between current 137Cs inventories and the soil properties and the physiographic characteristics. A total of 36 cores were taken in seven transects with different slopes, lithology and land use. The analysis focused on the 137Cs mass activity as well as inventories and its relationship with soil properties as grain size and organic matter. The mass activity of 137Cs and the inventories varied between 3.6 and 63.7 Bq kg-1 and between 521.7 and 3304.4 Bq m-2, respectively. At uncultivated soils, high concentrations of 137Cs are located in the top 10 cm and decreased exponentially in depth. Cultivated soils record disturbed and heterogeneous 137Cs profiles with values of mass activity and inventories up to 38.7 Bq kg-1 and 2510.8 Bq m-2, respectively. The 137Cs inventories were significantly higher in uncultivated soils (mean: 2086.9 Bq m-2) compared to cultivated soils (mean: 1397.1 Bq m-2). The 137Cs mass activity showed a significant positive correlation with organic matter, silt and clay, but it was negatively correlated with sand and pH respectively. High levels of 137Cs were found at altitudes between 500 m and 640 m a.s.l, and at slopes from 8° to 11°, as well as in dense scrub land and Fersialitic soils. A principal component analysis showed that more than 86.7% of the variance in 137Cs mass activity was explained by the organic matter content and the land use. The results of this study provide insights into the effects of soil properties and physiographic factors on the behaviour of 137Cs in soils of Mediterranean environments of North Africa and strengthen the reliability of this radioisotope as an erosion tracer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haytam Mesrar
- Université Sidi Mohammed BenAbdellah, Faculté des Sciences Dhar Mahraz-Fès, Département des sciences de la terre, B.P.1796, Fès - Atlas, Morocco.
| | - Abdelhamid Sadiki
- Université Sidi Mohammed BenAbdellah, Faculté des Sciences Dhar Mahraz-Fès, Département des sciences de la terre, B.P.1796, Fès - Atlas, Morocco
| | - Ali Faleh
- Laboratoire des Études Géographiques, Aménagement et Cartographiques, Faculté de Lettres saïs Fès, Morocco
| | - Laura Quijano
- Estación Experimental de Aula Dei, EEAD-CSIC Avda, Montañana 1005,50059 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Leticia Gaspar
- Estación Experimental de Aula Dei, EEAD-CSIC Avda, Montañana 1005,50059 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Ana Navas
- Estación Experimental de Aula Dei, EEAD-CSIC Avda, Montañana 1005,50059 Zaragoza, Spain
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Snow MS, Snyder DC. (135)Cs/(137)Cs isotopic composition of environmental samples across Europe: Environmental transport and source term emission applications. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY 2016; 151 Pt 1:258-263. [PMID: 26540258 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2015.10.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2015] [Revised: 10/22/2015] [Accepted: 10/24/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
(135)Cs/(137)Cs isotopic analyses represent an important tool for studying the fate and transport of radiocesium in the environment; in this work the (135)Cs/(137)Cs isotopic composition in environmental samples taken from across Europe is reported. Surface soil and vegetation samples from western Russia, Ukraine, Austria, and Hungary show consistent aged thermal fission product (135)Cs/(137)Cs isotope ratios of 0.58 ± 0.01 (age corrected to 1/1/15), with the exception of one sample of soil-moss from Hungary which shows an elevated (135)Cs/(137)Cs ratio of 1.78 ± 0.12. With the exception of the outlier sample from Hungary, surface soil/vegetation data are in quantitative agreement with values previously reported for soils within the Chernobyl exclusion zone, suggesting that radiocesium at these locations is primarily composed of homogenous airborne deposition from Chernobyl. Seawater samples taken from the Irish Sea show (135)Cs/(137)Cs isotope ratios of 1.22 ± 0.11 (age corrected to 1/1/15), suggesting aged thermal fission product Cs discharged from Sellafield. The differences in (135)Cs/(137)Cs isotope ratios between Sellafield, Chernobyl, and global nuclear weapons testing fallout indicate that (135)Cs/(137)Cs isotope ratios can be utilized to discriminate between and track radiocesium transport from different nuclear production source terms, including major emission sources in Europe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathew S Snow
- Idaho National Laboratory, PO Box 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415-2805, USA.
| | - Darin C Snyder
- Idaho National Laboratory, PO Box 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415-2805, USA
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Mallampati SR, Mitoma Y, Okuda T, Simion C, Lee BK. Solvent-free synthesis and application of nano-Fe/Ca/CaO/[PO4] composite for dual separation and immobilization of stable and radioactive cesium in contaminated soils. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2015; 297:74-82. [PMID: 25942697 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2015.04.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2014] [Revised: 03/27/2015] [Accepted: 04/24/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
This study assessed the synthesis and application of nano-Fe/Ca/CaO-based composite material for use as a separation and immobilizing treatment of dry soil contaminated by stable ((133)Cs) and radioactive cesium species ((134)Cs and (137)Cs). After grinding with nano-Fe/CaO, nano-Fe/Ca/CaO, and nano-Fe/Ca/CaO/[PO4], approximately 31, 25, and 22 wt% of magnetic fraction soil was separated. Their resultant (133)Cs immobilization values were about 78, 81, and 100%, respectively. When real radioactive cesium contaminated soil obtained from Fukushima was treated with nano-Fe/Ca/CaO/[PO4], approximately 27.3 wt% of magnetic and 72.75% of non-magnetic soil fractions were separated. The highest amount of entrapped (134)Cs and (137)Cs was found in the lowest weight of the magnetically separated soil fraction (i.e., 80% in 27.3% of treated soil). Results show that (134)Cs and (137)Cs either in the magnetic or non-magnetic soil fractions was 100% immobilized. The morphology and mineral phases of the nano-Fe/Ca/CaO/[PO4] treated soil were characterized using SEM-EDS, EPMA, and XRD analysis. The EPMA and XRD patterns indicate that the main fraction of enclosed/bound materials on treated soil included Ca/PO4 associated crystalline complexes. These results suggest that simple grinding treatment with nano-Fe/Ca/CaO/[PO4] under dry conditions might be an extremely efficient separation and immobilization method for radioactive cesium contaminated soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srinivasa Reddy Mallampati
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Ulsan, Daehak-ro 93, Nam-gu, Ulsan 680-749, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yoshiharu Mitoma
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, Prefectural University of Hiroshima, 562 Nanatsuka-Cho Shobara City, Hiroshima 727-0023, Japan.
| | - Tetsuji Okuda
- Environmental Research and Management Center, Hiroshima University, 1-5-3 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8513, Japan
| | - Cristian Simion
- Politehnica University of Bucharest, Department of Organic Chemistry, Bucharest 060042, Romania
| | - Byeong Kyu Lee
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Ulsan, Daehak-ro 93, Nam-gu, Ulsan 680-749, Republic of Korea
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8
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Mallampati SR, Mitoma Y, Okuda T, Simion C, Lee BK. Dynamic immobilization of simulated radionuclide 133Cs in soil by thermal treatment/vitrification with nanometallic Ca/CaO composites. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY 2015; 139:118-124. [PMID: 25464047 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2014.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2014] [Revised: 10/10/2014] [Accepted: 10/10/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Although direct radiation induced health impacts were considered benign, soil contamination with (137)Cs, due to its long-term radiological impact (30 years half-life) and its high biological availability is of a major concern in Japan in the aftermath of the Fukushima nuclear power plant disaster. Therefore (137)Cs reduction and immobilization in contaminated soil are recognized as important problems to be solved using suitable and effective technologies. One such thermal treatment/vitrification with nanometallic Ca/CaO amendments is a promising treatment for the ultimate immobilization of simulated radionuclide (133)Cs in soil, showing low leachability and zero evaporation. Immobilization efficiencies were 88%, 95% and 96% when the (133)Cs soil was treated at 1200 °C with activated carbon, fly ash and nanometallic Ca/CaO additives. In addition, the combination of nanometallic Ca/CaO and fly ash (1:1) enhanced the immobilization efficiency to 99%, while no evaporation of (133)Cs was observed. At lower temperatures (800 °C) the leachable fraction of Cs was only 6% (94% immobilization). Through the SEM-EDS analysis, decrease in the amount of Cs mass percent detectable on soil particle surface was observed after soil vitrified with nCa/CaO + FA. The (133)Cs soil was subjected to vitrified with nCa/CaO + FA peaks related to Ca, crystalline phases (CaCO3/Ca(OH)2), wollastonite, pollucite and hematite appeared in addition to quartz, kaolinite and bentonite, which probably indicates that the main fraction of enclosed/bound materials includes Ca-associated complexes. Thus, the thermal treatment with the addition of nanometallic Ca/CaO and fly ash may be considered potentially applicable for the remediation of radioactive Cs contaminated soil at zero evaporation, relatively at low temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srinivasa Reddy Mallampati
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 680-749, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yoshiharu Mitoma
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, Prefectural University of Hiroshima, 562 Nanatsuka-Cho, Shobara City, Hiroshima 727-0023, Japan.
| | - Tetsuji Okuda
- Environmental Research and Management Center, Hiroshima University, 1-5-3 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8513, Japan
| | - Cristian Simion
- Politehnica University of Bucharest, Department of Organic Chemistry, Bucharest 060042, Romania
| | - Byeong Kyu Lee
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 680-749, Republic of Korea
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Seleznev AA, Yarmoshenko IV, Ekidin AA. Accumulation of 137Cs in puddle sediments within urban ecosystem. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY 2010; 101:643-646. [PMID: 20417997 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2010.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2009] [Revised: 12/17/2009] [Accepted: 03/31/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The role of puddle sediments as a final depot of (137)Cs horizontal migration within the urban landscape is studied using the example of Ekaterinburg city, Russia. Radioactive contamination in the city appeared due to fallout after atmospheric testing of nuclear weapons and nuclear accidents. Contamination density of (137)Cs in the region was assessed from archive data to be about 5.1 kBq/m(2), of which the maximum activity concentration (<30 Bq/kg) is associated with the upper 15 cm soil layer. Results of the survey reported here indicate a mean (137)Cs activity concentration in puddle sediments of 80 Bq/kg, with a maximum value of 540 Bq/kg. It is estimated that horizontal migration has led to about a fourfold concentration of (137)Cs in puddle sediments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrian A Seleznev
- Institute of Industrial Ecology, Ural Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 620219 Ekaterinburg, Russia.
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Li M, Yao W, Li Z, Liu P, Shen Z. Effects of landforms on the erosion rate in a small watershed by the (137)Cs tracing method. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY 2010; 101:380-384. [PMID: 20346551 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2010.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2009] [Revised: 02/24/2010] [Accepted: 02/26/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
It's very important to analyze and evaluate quantitatively the effects of landforms on soil erosion for the prevention and treatment of soil loss in a small watershed. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of landform factors on erosion rate by the (137)Cs tracing method in a small watershed in the Purple Hilly Area of China. The erosion rates under different slope lengths, slope gradients and slope aspects were estimated in Xiangshuitan watershed in the Purple Hilly Area in Sichuan Basin by the (137)Cs tracing method. The results showed that the erosion rate decreased exponentially with downslope distance, and it increased with increasing slope gradient during the scope of 5 degrees -16 degrees. The slope aspect had great impact on the erosion rate, and the hillside on the sunny slope had larger erosion rate than that on the shady slope, particularly for the farmland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mian Li
- Yellow River Institute of Hydraulic Research, Key Laboratory of Sediment Research of Yellow River of Ministry of Water Resources, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
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Massas I, Skarlou V, Haidouti C, Giannakopoulou F. 134Cs uptake by four plant species and Cs-K relations in the soil-plant system as affected by Ca(OH)2 application to an acid soil. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY 2010; 101:250-7. [PMID: 20044184 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2009.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2009] [Revised: 10/27/2009] [Accepted: 11/18/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Three rates of Ca(OH)(2) were applied to an acid soil and the (134)Cs uptake by radish, cucumber, soybean and sunflower plants was studied. The (134)Cs concentration in all plant species was reduced from 1.6-fold in the sunflower seeds to 6-fold in the soybean vegetative parts at the higher Ca(OH)(2) rate. Potassium (K) concentration in plants was also reduced, but less effectively. The significantly decreased (134)Cs-K soil to plant distribution factors (D.F.) clearly suggest a stronger effect of soil liming on (134)Cs than on K plant uptake. This observation was discussed in terms of ionic interactions in the soil matrix and within the plants. The results also indicated that the increased Ca(2+) concentration in the exchange phase and in the soil solution along with the improved root activity, due to the soil liming, enhanced the immobilization of (134)Cs in the soil matrix and consequently lowered the (134)Cs availability for plant uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Massas
- Soil Science Laboratory, Department of Natural Resources Management and Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855 Athens, Greece.
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Le Roux G, Duffa C, Vray F, Renaud P. Deposition of artificial radionuclides from atmospheric Nuclear Weapon Tests estimated by soil inventories in French areas low-impacted by Chernobyl. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY 2010; 101:211-218. [PMID: 19969404 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2009.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2009] [Revised: 10/28/2009] [Accepted: 10/28/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Soil inventories of anthropogenic radionuclides were investigated in altitudinal transects in 2 French regions, Savoie and Montagne Noire. Rain was negligible in these 2 areas the days after the Chernobyl accident. Thus anthropogenic radionuclides are coming hypothetically only from Global Fallout following Atmospheric Nuclear Weapon Tests. This is confirmed by the isotopic signatures ((238)Pu/(239+240)Pu; (137)Cs/(239+240)Pu; and (241)Am/(239+240)Pu) close to Global Fallout value. In Savoie, a peat core age-dated by (210)Pb(ex) confirmed that the main part of deposition of anthropogenic radionuclides occurred during the late sixties and the early seventies. In agreement with previous studies, the anthropogenic radionuclide inventories are well correlated with the annual precipitations. However, this is the first time that a study investigates such a large panel of annual precipitation and therefore of anthropogenic radionuclide deposition. It seems that at high-altitude sites, deposition of artificial radionuclides was higher possibly due to orographic precipitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaël Le Roux
- Institut de Radioprotection et Sûreté Nucléaire, DEI/SESURE, Laboratoires d'Etudes Radioécologiques en milieu Continental et Marin, CEN Cadarache Bât. 153 BP 3, 13115 St Paul lez Durance, France.
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