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Barrera-Vázquez OS, Montenegro-Herrera SA, Martínez-Enríquez ME, Escobar-Ramírez JL, Magos-Guerrero GA. Selection of Mexican Medicinal Plants by Identification of Potential Phytochemicals with Anti-Aging, Anti-Inflammatory, and Anti-Oxidant Properties through Network Analysis and Chemoinformatic Screening. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1673. [PMID: 38002355 PMCID: PMC10669844 DOI: 10.3390/biom13111673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Many natural products have been acquired from plants for their helpful properties. Medicinal plants are used for treating a variety of pathologies or symptoms. The axes of many pathological processes are inflammation, oxidative stress, and senescence. This work is focused on identifying Mexican medicinal plants with potential anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-aging, and anti-senescence effects through network analysis and chemoinformatic screening of their phytochemicals. We used computational methods to analyze drug-like phytochemicals in Mexican medicinal plants, multi-target compounds, and signaling pathways related to anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-aging, and anti-senescence mechanisms. A total of 1373 phytochemicals are found in 1025 Mexican medicinal plants, and 148 compounds showed no harmful functionalities. These compounds displayed comparable structures with reference molecules. Based on their capacity to interact with pharmacological targets, three clusters of Mexican medicinal plants have been established. Curatella americana, Ximenia americana, Malvastrum coromandelianum, and Manilkara zapota all have anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-aging, and anti-senescence effects. Plumeria rubra, Lonchocarpus yucatanensis, and Salvia polystachya contained phytochemicals with anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-aging, and anti-senescence reported activity. Lonchocarpus guatemalensis, Vallesia glabra, Erythrina oaxacana, and Erythrina sousae have drug-like phytochemicals with potential anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-aging, and anti-senescence effects. Between the drug-like phytochemicals, lonchocarpin, vallesine, and erysotrine exhibit potential anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-aging, and anti-senescence effects. For the first time, we conducted an initial virtual screening of selected Mexican medicinal plants, which was subsequently confirmed in vivo, evaluating the anti-inflammatory activity of Lonchocarpus guatemalensis Benth in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar Salvador Barrera-Vázquez
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (O.S.B.-V.); (M.E.M.-E.); (J.L.E.-R.)
| | | | - María Elena Martínez-Enríquez
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (O.S.B.-V.); (M.E.M.-E.); (J.L.E.-R.)
| | - Juan Luis Escobar-Ramírez
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (O.S.B.-V.); (M.E.M.-E.); (J.L.E.-R.)
| | - Gil Alfonso Magos-Guerrero
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (O.S.B.-V.); (M.E.M.-E.); (J.L.E.-R.)
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Azeemuddin MM, Narendra MM, Mallappa O, Anturlikar SD, Baig MR, Rafiq M. Herbal Combination 'HAGE-101912' Ameliorates Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease in Rats. JOURNAL OF PHARMACY AND BIOALLIED SCIENCES 2023; 15:212-218. [PMID: 38235047 PMCID: PMC10790743 DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_860_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a chronic, relapsing disorder. In this era of modern and fast-track lifestyle and food habits, the incidence of GERD is rapidly increasing. Currently, proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are the primary choice of treatment. However, the associated side effects and a high relapse rate give rise to the need to explore alternative therapies. Objective The study aimed to evaluate HAGE-101912, an herbal combination, in different experimental models of GERD. Methods Antacid activity was assessed based on H+/K+ATPase inhibitory activity of parietal cells using artificial gastric juice. Tonic contraction of the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) was evaluated using an AD Instrument. A GERD model of the pylorus and fundus ligation (preventive and curative models) in rats was selected to assess the efficacy of HAGE-101912 at a dose of 250 mg/kg body weight, and various parameters such as the gastric pH, gastric volume, total acidity, gross esophageal ulcer index, and histopathological changes were evaluated. The prokinetic activity was assessed using the phenol red method. Results HAGE-101912 increased the acid-neutralizing capacity (P < 0.001), decreased H+/K+ATPase activity (P < 0.01), and increased the contraction of the LES. In the preventive model, HAGE-101912 significantly reduced the gastric acid volume (P < 0.01), total acidity (P < 0.001), and gross esophageal ulcer index (P < 0.01); increased the gastric acid pH (P < 0.01); and protected the esophageal epithelium. In addition, HAGE-101912 increased gastric emptying and gastrointestinal transit through its prokinetic activity (P < 0.05). Conclusion HAGE-101912 has a beneficial effect in GERD as it effectively inhibits the H+/K+ATPase, increases the gastric pH, restores the LES function, protects the esophageal epithelium, and increases gastric emptying and transit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed M Azeemuddin
- Research and Development, Himalaya Wellness Company, Makali, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Madan M. Narendra
- Research and Development, Himalaya Wellness Company, Makali, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Onkaramurthy Mallappa
- Research and Development, Himalaya Wellness Company, Makali, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | | | - Mirza R. Baig
- Research and Development, Himalaya Wellness Company, Makali, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Mohamed Rafiq
- Research and Development, Himalaya Wellness Company, Makali, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
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Lai S, Wang H, Liu J, Shao H, Chen R, Xu R, Kang J. Nine geranylgeranylated derivatives isolated from the roots of Rhus chinensis Mill. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2023; 205:113514. [PMID: 36379319 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2022.113514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Nine undescribed geranylgeranylated derivatives (chinensens A-G), including malic acid derivative (A) and phenolic derivatives (B-E), as well as two pairs of enantiomers, [(R), (S)]-chinensens F and [(R), (S)]-chinensens G, were isolated from the roots of Rhus chinensis Mill. Their structures were elucidated by UV, IR, HRESIMS, 1D and 2D NMR spectra, as well as optical rotations. The 95% EtOH extract (95% EXT, 500 mg/kg, p. o.) of the roots of Rhus chinensis and the 95% EtOH fraction (95% FRA, 500 mg/kg, p. o.) from the microporous resin column significantly alleviated indomethacin-induced or water immersion-restraint stress-induced damage in rat gastric mucosa with inhibitory rates from 53% to 89%. The racemic mixture (chinensen G) and its enantiomers [(R), (S)]-chinensens G showed weak activities against H+,K+-ATPase (20%-24%) at a concentration of 0.1 mM, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengtian Lai
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, No. 1 Xiannongtan Street, Beijing 100050, China.
| | - Hongqing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, No. 1 Xiannongtan Street, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Jianbo Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, No. 1 Xiannongtan Street, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Hongjie Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, No. 1 Xiannongtan Street, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Ruoyun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, No. 1 Xiannongtan Street, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Ruiming Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, No. 1 Xiannongtan Street, Beijing 100050, China.
| | - Jie Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, No. 1 Xiannongtan Street, Beijing 100050, China.
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Adinortey MB, Ansah C, Asiedu-Larbi J, Kwofie SK, Bockarie AS, Barnes P, Aboagye B, Helegbe GK, Boison D, Nyarko AK. In vivo inhibition of gastric acid secretions and H+/K+- ATPase activity, and enhancement of mucin activity by Dissotis rotundifolia plant extract. SCIENTIFIC AFRICAN 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sciaf.2022.e01317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Staffen IV, Banhuk FW, Tomiotto-Pellissier F, da Silva Bortoleti BT, Pavanelli WR, Ayala TS, Menolli RA. Chalcone-rich extracts from Lonchocarpus cultratus roots present in vitro leishmanicidal and immunomodulatory activity. J Pharm Pharmacol 2021; 74:77-87. [PMID: 34791343 DOI: 10.1093/jpp/rgab155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to evaluate the in vitro anti-Leishmania activity of chalcone-rich three extracts (LDR, LHR and LMR) from Lonchocarpus cultratus (Vell.) A.M.G. Azevedo & H.C. Lima against L. amazonensis. Also, the immunomodulatory and antioxidant capacity was assessed. METHODS Successive extraction with hexane, dichloromethane and methanol were performed to obtain LHR, LDR and LMR extracts from L. cultratus roots, which were characterized by 1H NMR. Promastigotes, amastigotes and peritoneal macrophages were exposed to crescent concentrations of the three extracts, and after incubation, the inhibition rates were determined to both types of cells, and morphological analyses were performed on the parasite. The immunomodulatory activity was determined against stimulated macrophages. KEY FINDINGS LDR, LHR and LMR inhibited promastigote cell growth (IC50 0.62 ± 0.3, 0.94 ± 0.5 and 1.28 ± 0.73 µg/ml, respectively) and reduced the number of amastigotes inside macrophages (IC50 1.36 ± 0.14, 1.54 ± 0.26 and 4.09 ± 0.88 µg/ml, respectively). The cytotoxicity against murine macrophages resulted in a CC50 of 13.12 ± 1.92, 92.93 ± 9.1 and >300 µg/ml, resulting in high selectivity index to promastigotes and amastigotes. The extracts also inhibited the nitric oxide secretion in RAW 264.7 macrophages. The antioxidant capacity resulted in a higher scavenger LMR ability. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that L. cultratus extracts have anti-Leishmania potential, are non-toxic, and immunosuppress macrophages in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izabela Virginia Staffen
- Laboratory of Applied Immunology, Center of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Western Paraná State University (Unioeste), Cascavel, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Weyand Banhuk
- Laboratory of Applied Immunology, Center of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Western Paraná State University (Unioeste), Cascavel, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Tomiotto-Pellissier
- Biosciences and Biotechnology Postgraduate Program, Carlos Chagas Institute (ICC/Fiocruz/PR), Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil.,Molecular Virology Laboratory, Carlos Chagas Institute (ICC/Fiocruz/PR), Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Bruna Taciane da Silva Bortoleti
- Biosciences and Biotechnology Postgraduate Program, Carlos Chagas Institute (ICC/Fiocruz/PR), Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil.,Molecular Virology Laboratory, Carlos Chagas Institute (ICC/Fiocruz/PR), Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Wander Rogério Pavanelli
- Biosciences and Biotechnology Postgraduate Program, Carlos Chagas Institute (ICC/Fiocruz/PR), Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Thaís Soprani Ayala
- Laboratory of Applied Immunology, Center of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Western Paraná State University (Unioeste), Cascavel, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Rafael Andrade Menolli
- Laboratory of Applied Immunology, Center of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Western Paraná State University (Unioeste), Cascavel, Paraná, Brazil
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Formulation optimization and evaluation of glycyrrhetinic acid loaded PLARosome using factorial design: In-vitro anti-ulcer activity and in silico PASS prediction. J INDIAN CHEM SOC 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jics.2021.100199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Bortoluzzi AAM, Staffen IV, Banhuk FW, Griebler A, Matos PK, Ayala TS, da Silva EAA, Sarragiotto MH, Schuquel ITA, Jorge TCM, Menolli RA. Determination of chemical structure and anti- Trypanosoma cruzi activity of extracts from the roots of Lonchocarpus cultratus (Vell.) A.M.G. Azevedo & H.C. Lima. Saudi J Biol Sci 2021; 28:99-108. [PMID: 33424286 PMCID: PMC7783657 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2020.08.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Trypanosoma cruzi is the agent of Chagas disease, an infection that affects around 8 million people worldwide. The search for new anti-T. cruzi drugs are relevant, mainly because the treatment of this disease is limited to two drugs. The objective of this study was to investigate the trypanocidal and cytotoxic activity and elucidate the chemical profile of extracts from the roots of the Lonchocarpus cultratus. Roots from L. cultratus were submitted to successive extractions with hexane, dichloromethane, and methanol, resulting in LCH, LCD, and LCM extracts, respectively. Characterization of extracts was done using 1H-RMN, 13C-RMN, CC and TLC. Treatment of T. cruzi forms (epimastigotes, trypomastigotes, and amastigotes) with crescent concentrations of LCH, LCD, and LCM was done for 72, 48, and 48 h, respectively. After this, the percentage of inhibition and IC50/LC50 were calculated. Benznidazole was used as a positive control. Murine macrophages were treated with different concentrations of both extracts for 48 h, and after, the cellular viability was determined by the MTT method and CC50 was calculated. The chalcones derricin and lonchocarpine were identified in the hexane extract, and for the first time in the genus Lonchocarpus, the presence of a dihydrolonchocarpine derivative was observed. Other chalcones such as isocordoin and erioschalcone B were detected in the dichloromethane extract. The dichloromethane extract showed higher activity against all tested forms of T. cruzi than the other two extracts, with IC50 values of 10.98, 2.42, and 0.83 µg/mL, respectively; these values are very close to those of benznidazole. Although the dichloromethane extract presented a cytotoxic effect against mammalian cells, it showed selectivity against amastigotes. The methanolic extract showed the lowest anti-T. cruzi activity but was non-toxic to peritoneal murine macrophages. Thus, the genus Lonchocarpus had demonstrated in the past action against epimastigotes forms of T. cruzi but is the first time that the activity against infective forms is showed, which leading to further studies with in vivo tests.
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Key Words
- ANOVA, Analysis of Variance
- BZN, Benznidazole
- CC, column chromatography
- CC50, Cytotoxic Concentration 50%
- CDCl3, Deuterate chloroform
- CO2, Carbon dioxide
- Chagas disease
- Chalcones
- DC, DMSO Control
- DMSO, Dimethyl Sulfoxide
- FBS, Fetal Bovine Serum
- IC50, Inhibitory Concentration 50%
- LC-1, 2 and 3: Fractions obtained from LCH extract
- LC-4 and 5, fractions obtained from LCD extract
- LC50, Lethal Concentration 50%
- LCD, Extract from L. cultratus obtained by extraction with dichloromethane
- LCH, Extract from L. cultratus obtained by extraction with hexane
- LCM, Extract from L. cultratus obtained by extraction with methanol
- LIT, Liver Infusion Tryptose
- Lafepe, Pharmaceutical Laboratory of Pernambuco State
- Lonchocarpus
- MTT, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide
- NMR, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance
- NO, Nitric Oxide
- PBS, Phosphate-Buffered Saline
- Plant extract
- RPMI, Roswell Park Memorial Institute
- SI, Selectivity Index
- TLC, Thin Layer column
- TMS, Tetramethylsilane
- Trypanosomiasis
- UC, Untreated Control
- UEM, State University of Maringa/PR
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline Antunes Maciel Bortoluzzi
- Center of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Western Parana State University (UNIOESTE), 2069 Universitaria St., Cascavel, PR, Brazil
| | - Izabela Virginia Staffen
- Center of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Western Parana State University (UNIOESTE), 2069 Universitaria St., Cascavel, PR, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Weyand Banhuk
- Center of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Western Parana State University (UNIOESTE), 2069 Universitaria St., Cascavel, PR, Brazil
| | - Aline Griebler
- Center of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Western Parana State University (UNIOESTE), 2069 Universitaria St., Cascavel, PR, Brazil
| | - Patricia Karoline Matos
- Center of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Western Parana State University (UNIOESTE), 2069 Universitaria St., Cascavel, PR, Brazil
| | - Thaís Soprani Ayala
- Center of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Western Parana State University (UNIOESTE), 2069 Universitaria St., Cascavel, PR, Brazil
| | - Edson Antonio Alves da Silva
- Center of Exact Sciences and Technology, Western Parana State University (UNIOESTE), 2069 Universitaria St., Cascavel, PR, Brazil
| | - Maria Helena Sarragiotto
- Center of Exact Sciences, Department of Chemistry, State University of Maringa (UEM), 5790 Colombo Av., Maringa, PR, Brazil
| | | | - Tereza Cristina Marinho Jorge
- Center of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Western Parana State University (UNIOESTE), 2069 Universitaria St., Cascavel, PR, Brazil
| | - Rafael Andrade Menolli
- Center of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Western Parana State University (UNIOESTE), 2069 Universitaria St., Cascavel, PR, Brazil
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Idowu OA, Arise RO. Ameliorative and Safety Characteristics of Argemone mexicana in Indomethacin-Induced Peptic Ulcer. PHARMACEUTICAL FRONTS 2020. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1722216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Argemone mexicana (A. mexicana) is a plant traditionally used in Nigeria and some African countries to treat peptic ulcer disease. In this study, the ameliorative effect of ethanolic leaf extract of A. mexicana in indomethacin-induced peptic ulcer and its safety were investigated. Phytochemical screening was performed using standard procedures. Ulcer was induced in rats by single oral administration dose of 25 mg/kg body weight (b.w.) indomethacin followed by treatment with 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg b.w. ethanolic leaf extract of A. mexicana. Ulcer-related indices such as gastric pH, acidity, pepsin, and Na+/K+-ATPase activities, glycoprotein, and mucus contents were determined. The status of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, reductase, and transferase) in the stomach and duodenum of the rats was also evaluated. Safety of the extract in the liver and kidney was investigated by chromosomal aberration. The results showed that alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolics, and saponins present in the extract as phytochemical constituents. The extract at 200 mg/kg b.w. significantly (p < 0.05) attenuated the gastric pH, volume, and acidity of the stomach. It also significantly (p < 0.05) enhanced the glycoprotein and mucus contents in the mucosal membrane of rats. The status of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, reductase, and transferase) in both tissues was also significantly improved. Study on safety evaluation revealed that the extract is relatively safe at the most active dose investigated. The study concluded that A. mexicana could serve as an alternative therapy for the development of a safer antiulcer drug.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rotimi Olusanya Arise
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Ilorin, Ilorin Kwara State, P.M.B 1515, Ilorin, Nigeria
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Simões MAM, Pinto DCGA, Neves BMR, Silva AMS. Flavonoid Profile of the Genista tridentata L., a Species Used Traditionally to Treat Inflammatory Processes. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25040812. [PMID: 32069907 PMCID: PMC7070917 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25040812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Ethnopharmacological surveys on Portuguese flora reveal that Genista tridentata L. is a shrub used in traditional medicine for the treatment of various inflammation-related health problems, although scientific support of its benefits is still necessary. In order to establish the anti-inflammatory potential of G. tridentata and support its traditional use, ethanolic extracts of three sections of the plant (root, stem, and leaves) were subjected to in vitro evaluation of anti-inflammatory activity using lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulates macrophages as an inflammation model. Simultaneously, we also aimed to establish the extracts' flavonoids profile. The ethanolic extracts, obtained by Soxhlet extraction, profile of the three sections confirmed their richness in flavonoids, being three prenylated flavonoids isolated and characterized in the root, including a new natural compound, the 3-methoxymundulin. The extracts from the three plant sections showed strong antioxidant activity at the cellular level and significantly inhibit the LPS-triggered NO production by downregulating Nos2 gene transcription and consequently iNOS expression. Additionally, root and stem extracts also decreased the LPS-induced transcription of the pro-inflammatory genes Il1b, Il6, and Ptgs2. Thus, the results support the anti-inflammatory properties attributed to G. tridentate preparations. Relevantly, the roots of the shrub, plant part not used, is an unexplored source of compounds with pharmacological and nutraceutical value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark A. M. Simões
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal;
| | - Diana C. G. A. Pinto
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal;
- Correspondence: (D.C.G.A.P.); (A.M.S.S.); Tel.: +351-234-401-407 (D.C.G.A.P.); +351-234-370-714 (A.M.S.S.)
| | - Bruno M. R. Neves
- Department of Medical Sciences and Institute of Biomedicine—iBiMED, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal;
| | - Artur M. S. Silva
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal;
- Correspondence: (D.C.G.A.P.); (A.M.S.S.); Tel.: +351-234-401-407 (D.C.G.A.P.); +351-234-370-714 (A.M.S.S.)
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Protective effect of the solvent extracts of Portulacca oleracea against acidified ethanol induced gastric ulcer in rabbits. Drug Chem Toxicol 2019; 45:301-310. [PMID: 31742437 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2019.1691584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Portulacca oleracea L. has been used for treatment of different ailments. The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness and possible mechanism of action involved in the anti gastric ulcerogenic effect of Portulacca oleracea. Methanolic extract & subsequent fractions (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg) of Portulacca oleracea (P. oleracea) were administered orally to experimental rabbits one hour before oral administration of HCl/ethanol (40:60). Anti gastric ulcerogenic potential of P. oleracea was evaluated by assessment of gastric pH, pepsin, free acidity, ulcer index, mucus content and total acidity. For the investigation of possible mechanism of action malondialdehyde (MDA), histamine, and H + K + ATPase content were determined in the stomach homogenate. Histopathological study of stomach tissue was carried out by H&E dye. Ethyl acetate fraction (EAF) of P. oleracea was the most potent fraction among all fractions that exhibited efficient protection against acidified ethanol mediated gastric-ulcer. The ethyl acetate fraction (EAF) significantly increased the pH of gastric juice, while pepsin and histamine was observed to decrease significantly in comparison to acidified ethanol group (***p ≤ 0.001). The EAF showed moderately H + K + ATPase inhibitory activity. Moreover, it was also observed that EAF decreased the malondialdehyde (MDA) level in the stomach tissue homogenate showing antioxidant effect. Histopathological studies showed that among the tested fractions, EAF significantly prevented acidified ethanol induced gastric mucosal damage. These results showed that mechanism of anti gastric ulcerogenic potential of P. oleracea could be associated with the reduction in histamine level, H + K + ATPase inhibition and reduced MDA level.
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Dwivedi GR, Maurya A, Yadav DK, Khan F, Gupta MK, Gupta P, Darokar MP, Srivastava SK. Comparative Drug Resistance Reversal Potential of Natural Glycosides: Potential of Synergy Niaziridin & Niazirin. Curr Top Med Chem 2019; 19:847-860. [DOI: 10.2174/1568026619666190412120008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Revised: 03/10/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Due to the limited availability of antibiotics, Gram-negative bacteria (GNB) acquire
different levels of drug resistance. It raised an urgent need to identify such agents, which can reverse the phenomenon
of drug resistance.
Objective:
To understand the mechanism of drug resistance reversal of glycosides; niaziridin and niazirin isolated
from the pods of Moringa oleifera and ouabain (control) against the clinical isolates of multidrug-resistant
Escherichia coli.
Methods:
The MICs were determined following the CLSI guidelines for broth micro-dilution. In-vitro combination
studies were performed by broth checkerboard method followed by Time-Kill studies, the efflux pump
inhibition assay, ATPase inhibitory activity, mutation prevention concentration and in-silico studies.
Results:
The results showed that both glycosides did not possess antibacterial activity of their own, but in combination,
they reduced the MIC of tetracycline up to 16 folds. Both were found to inhibit efflux pumps, but
niaziridin was the best. In real time expression pattern analysis, niaziridin was also found responsible for the
down expression of the two important efflux pump acrB & yojI genes alone as well as in combination.
Niaziridin was also able to over express the porin forming genes (ompA & ompX). These glycosides decreased
the mutation prevention concentration of tetracycline.
Conclusion:
This is the first ever report on glycosides, niazirin and niaziridin acting as drug resistance reversal
agent through efflux pump inhibition and modulation of expression pattern drug resistant genes. This study
may be helpful in preparing an effective antibacterial combination against the drug-resistant GNB from a
widely growing Moringa oleifera.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaurav R. Dwivedi
- Molecular Bioprospection Department, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow-226015, India
| | - Anupam Maurya
- Medicinal Chemistry Department, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow-226015, India
| | - Dharmendra K. Yadav
- Metabolic & Structural Biology, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow-226015, India
| | - Feroz Khan
- Metabolic & Structural Biology, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow-226015, India
| | - Mahendra K. Gupta
- Department of Microbiology, King George Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | - Prashant Gupta
- Department of Microbiology, King George Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | - Mahendra P. Darokar
- Molecular Bioprospection Department, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow-226015, India
| | - Santosh K. Srivastava
- Medicinal Chemistry Department, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow-226015, India
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12
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Kumar SN, Bavikar SR, Pavan Kumar CNSS, Yu IF, Chein RJ. From Carbamate to Chalcone: Consecutive Anionic Fries Rearrangement, Anionic Si → C Alkyl Rearrangement, and Claisen-Schmidt Condensation. Org Lett 2018; 20:5362-5366. [PMID: 30148638 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b02269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A highly efficient one-pot procedure was developed for the synthesis of various 2'-hydroxychalcones from phenyl diethylcarbamate, featuring consecutive Snieckus-Fries rearrangement, anionic Si → C alkyl rearrangement, and Claisen-Schmidt condensation in a single operation. The applicability of this protocol was demonstrated by the highly efficient synthesis of the anti-inflammatory natural product lonchocarpin. The mechanism insight is also provided.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Suhas Ravindra Bavikar
- Institute of Chemistry , Academia Sinica , Nankang, Taipei 11529 , Taiwan.,Molecular Science and Technology Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program , Academia Sinica and National Tsing Hua University , Hsinchu 30013 , Taiwan
| | - Chebolu Naga Sesha Sai Pavan Kumar
- Institute of Chemistry , Academia Sinica , Nankang, Taipei 11529 , Taiwan.,Division of Chemistry, Department of Sciences and Humanities , Vignan's Foundation for Science, Technology, and Research , Vadlamudi, Guntur , Andhra Pradesh , India
| | - Isaac Furay Yu
- Department of Chemistry , National Taiwan University , Taipei 10617 , Taiwan
| | - Rong-Jie Chein
- Institute of Chemistry , Academia Sinica , Nankang, Taipei 11529 , Taiwan
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13
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Castillo-Arellano JI, Guzmán-Gutiérrez SL, Ibarra-Sánchez A, Hernández-Ortega S, Nieto-Camacho A, Medina-Campos ON, Pedraza-Chaverri J, Reyes-Chilpa R, González-Espinosa C. Jacareubin inhibits FcεRI-induced extracellular calcium entry and production of reactive oxygen species required for anaphylactic degranulation of mast cells. Biochem Pharmacol 2018; 154:344-356. [PMID: 29802828 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2018.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Mast cells (MCs) are important effectors in allergic reactions since they produce a number of pre-formed and de novo synthesized pro-inflammatory compounds in response to the high affinity IgE receptor (FcεRI) crosslinking. IgE/Antigen-dependent degranulation and cytokine synthesis in MCs have been recognized as relevant pharmacological targets for the control of deleterious inflammatory reactions. Despite the relevance of allergic diseases worldwide, efficient pharmacological control of mast cell degranulation has been elusive. In this work, the xanthone jacareubin was isolated from the heartwood of the tropical tree Callophyllum brasilense, and its tridimensional structure was determined for the first time by X-ray diffraction. Also, its effects on the main activation parameters of bone marrow-derived mast cells (BMMCs) were evaluated. Jacareubin inhibited IgE/Ag-induced degranulation in a dose-response manner with an IC50 = 46 nM. It also blocked extracellular calcium influx triggered by IgE/Ag complexes and by the SERCA ATPase inhibitor thapsigargin (Thap). Inhibition of calcium entry correlated with a blockage on the reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation. Antioxidant capacity of jacareubin was higher than the showed by α-tocopherol and caffeic acid, but similar to trolox. Jacareubin shown inhibitory actions on xanthine oxidase, but not on NADPH oxidase (NOX) activities. In vivo, jacareubin inhibited passive anaphylactic reactions and TPA-induced edema in mice. Our data demonstrate that jacareubin is a potent natural compound able to inhibit anaphylactic degranualtion in mast cells by blunting FcεRI-induced calcium flux needed for secretion of granule content, and suggest that xanthones could be efficient anti-oxidant, antiallergic, and antiinflammatory molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- J I Castillo-Arellano
- Departamento de Farmacobiología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Mexico; Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico
| | - S L Guzmán-Gutiérrez
- Departamento de Inmunología, Catedrática CONACyT-Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico
| | - A Ibarra-Sánchez
- Departamento de Farmacobiología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Mexico
| | | | - A Nieto-Camacho
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico
| | - O N Medina-Campos
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico
| | - J Pedraza-Chaverri
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico
| | - R Reyes-Chilpa
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico.
| | - C González-Espinosa
- Departamento de Farmacobiología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Mexico.
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14
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Majouli K, Hamdi A, Abdelhamid A, Bouraoui A, Kenani A. Anti-inflammatory activity and gastroprotective effect of Hertia cheirifolia L. roots extract. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2018; 217:7-10. [PMID: 29428240 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2018.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Revised: 01/14/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Hertia cheirifolia L. is used traditionally to treat rheumatic pains and known as a medicinal plant having several pharmaceutical and biological activities. The present study evaluated in vivo the anti-inflammatory and gastroprotective effects of the methanolic extract from H. cheirifolia L. MATERIALS AND METHODS Reverse phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) was performed to identify various chemical components of the plant extract. Anti-inflammatory and gastroprotective activities were assessed on carrageenan-induced paw edema and HCl/ethanol-induced gastric lesions in rats, respectively. RESULTS (RP-HPLC) analysis indicated that coumarin is the abundant component in the extract (53.80%). Intraperitoneal administration of the methanolic extract at different doses showed interesting activities in rats in a dose-dependent manner. At 100 mg/kg, this extract showed the highest acute anti-inflammatory activity and an important inhibition of gastric lesions with inhibition percentage of 79.41% and 88.53%, respectively. CONCLUSION Altogether, the results of this study reveal the anti-inflammatory and gastroprotective effects of H. cheirifolia extract and promote the traditional use of this plant in the treatment of different pain and inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaouther Majouli
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Research Unit: UR 12ES08 "Cell Signaling and Pathologies", Faculty of Medicine, University of Monastir, Tunisia.
| | - Assia Hamdi
- Laboratory of Development of Drugs (LR12ES09), Marine Pharmacology Team, Faculty of Pharmacy of Monastir, University of Monastir, 5000 Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Amal Abdelhamid
- Laboratory of Development of Drugs (LR12ES09), Marine Pharmacology Team, Faculty of Pharmacy of Monastir, University of Monastir, 5000 Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Abderrahman Bouraoui
- Laboratory of Development of Drugs (LR12ES09), Marine Pharmacology Team, Faculty of Pharmacy of Monastir, University of Monastir, 5000 Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Adberraouf Kenani
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Research Unit: UR 12ES08 "Cell Signaling and Pathologies", Faculty of Medicine, University of Monastir, Tunisia
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15
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Adinortey MB, Ansah C, Adinortey CA, McGiboney J, Nyarko A. In vitro H +/K +-ATPase Inhibition, Antiradical Effects of a Flavonoid-rich Fraction of Dissotis rotundifolia, and In silico PASS Prediction of its Isolated Compounds. J Nat Sci Biol Med 2018; 9:47-53. [PMID: 29456393 PMCID: PMC5812074 DOI: 10.4103/jnsbm.jnsbm_104_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Dissotis rotundifolia, commonly referred to as pink lady, has several medicinal uses including peptic ulcer. This study investigated the inhibitory effects of D. rotundifolia extract on H+/K+-ATPase and also assessed its antiradical activity. In silico study of some isolated compounds of this plant was also carried out to affirm the suspected binding properties of extract to H+/K+-ATPase enzyme. Materials and Methods: D. rotundifolia whole plant extract was obtained after extraction process and then assessed for its ability to scavenge free radicals in four in vitro test models. Its ability to inhibit the activity of H+/K+-ATPase enzyme was also evaluated. Molecular docking was carried out on phytoconstituents, namely, vitexin, isovitexin, orientin, and isoorientin reported to be present in the whole plant extract. Results: Data obtained indicated that D. rotundifolia extract (DRE) exhibits strong antioxidant activity. DRE also showed inhibitory effects on H+/K+-ATPase enzyme activity. Docking studies affirmed the in vitro binding effect of the extract to H+/K+-ATPase. Conclusion: These findings suggest that the plant extract possess antioxidant and antipeptic ulcer activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Buenor Adinortey
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Biological Sciences, College of Agriculture and Natural Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Charles Ansah
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Cynthia Ayefoumi Adinortey
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, College of Agriculture and Natural Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Justine McGiboney
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Biological Sciences, College of Agriculture and Natural Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana.,Department of Biochemistry, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Virginia, USA
| | - Alexander Nyarko
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana
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16
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García-Niño W, Estrada-Muñiz E, Valverde M, Reyes-Chilpa R, Vega L. Cytogenetic effects of Jacareubin from Calophyllum brasiliense on human peripheral blood mononucleated cells in vitro and on mouse polychromatic erythrocytes in vivo. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2017; 335:6-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2017.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Revised: 09/14/2017] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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17
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Klein-Júnior LC, Zambiasi D, Salgado GR, Delle Monache F, Filho VC, de Campos Buzzi F. The validation of Calophyllum brasiliense (“guanandi”) uses in Brazilian traditional medicine as analgesic by in vivo antinociceptive evaluation and its chemical analysis. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2017; 390:733-739. [DOI: 10.1007/s00210-017-1366-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2017] [Accepted: 03/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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18
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Anti-inflammatory mechanism of lonchocarpine in LPS- or poly(I:C)-induced neuroinflammation. Pharmacol Res 2017; 119:431-442. [PMID: 28288940 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2017.02.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2016] [Revised: 01/23/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Neuroinflammation plays an important role in the progression of various neurodegenerative diseases. In this study, we investigated the anti-inflammatory effects of lonchocarpine, a natural compound isolated from Abrus precatorius, under in vitro and in vivo neuroinflammatory conditions induced by challenge with lipopolysaccharide (LPS)- or polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (poly(I:C)). Lonchocarpine suppressed the expression of iNOS and proinflammatory cytokines in LPS or poly(I:C)-stimulated BV2 microglial cells. These anti-inflammatory effects were verified in brains of mice with systemic inflammation induced by administration of LPS or poly(I:C). Lonchocarpine reduced the number of Iba-1-positive activated microglia, and suppressed the mRNA expression of various proinflammatory markers in the cortex of LPS- or poly(I:C)-injected mice. Molecular mechanistic experiments showed that lonchocarpine inhibited NF-κB activity by reducing the phosphorylation and degradation of IκBα in LPS- or poly(I:C)-stimulated BV2 cells. Analysis of further upstream signaling pathways in LPS-stimulated microglia showed that lonchocarpine inhibited the phosphorylation of IκB kinase and TGFβ-activated kinase 1 (TAK1). Moreover, lonchocarpine suppressed the interaction of myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88) and intereleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 4 (IRAK4). These data suggest that toll-like receptor 4 downstream signals such as MyD88/IRAK4-TAK1-NF-κB are at least partly involved in the anti-inflammatory mechanism of lonchocarpine in LPS-stimulated microglia. Its strong anti-inflammatory effects may make lonchocarpine an effective preventative drug for neuroinflammatory disorders that are associated with systemic inflammation.
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19
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Lemos LMS, Miyajima F, Castilho GRC, Martins DTO, Pritchard DM, Burkitt MD. Hexane Extracts of Calophyllum brasiliense Inhibit the Development of Gastric Preneoplasia in Helicobacter felis Infected INS-Gas Mice. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:92. [PMID: 28289390 PMCID: PMC5326747 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2016] [Accepted: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Indigenous Latin American populations have used extracts from Calophyllum brasiliense, a native hardwood, to treat gastrointestinal symptoms for generations. The hexane extract of Calophyllum brasiliense stem bark (HECb) protects against ethanol-mediated gastric ulceration in Swiss–Webster mice. We investigated whether HECb inhibits the development of gastric epithelial pathology following Helicobacter felis infection of INS-Gas mice. Materials and Methods: Groups of five male, 6-week-old INS-Gas mice were colonized with H. felis by gavage. From 2 weeks after colonization their drinking water was supplemented with 2% Tween20 (vehicle), low dose HECb (33 mg/L, lHECb) or high dose HECb (133 mg/L, hHECb). Equivalent uninfected groups were studied. Animals were culled 6 weeks after H. felis colonization. Preneoplastic pathology was quantified using established histological criteria. Gastric epithelial cell turnover was quantified by immunohistochemistry for Ki67 and active-caspase 3. Cytokines were quantified using an electrochemiluminescence assay. Results: Vehicle-treated H. felis infected mice exhibited higher gastric atrophy scores than similarly treated uninfected mice (mean atrophy score 5.6 ± 0.87 SEM vs. 2.2 ± 0.58, p < 0.01). The same pattern was observed following lHECb. Following hHECb treatment, H. felis status did not significantly alter atrophy scores. Gastric epithelial apoptosis was not altered by H. felis or HECb administration. Amongst vehicle-treated mice, gastric epithelial cell proliferation was increased 2.8-fold in infected compared to uninfected animals (p < 0.01). Administration of either lHECb or hHECb reduced proliferation in infected mice to levels similar to uninfected mice. A Th17 polarized response to H. felis infection was observed in all infected groups. hHECb attenuated IFN-γ, IL-6, and TNF production following H. felis infection [70% (p < 0.01), 67% (p < 0.01), and 41% (p < 0.05) reduction vs. vehicle, respectively]. Conclusion: HECb modulates gastric epithelial pathology following H. felis infection of INS-Gas mice. Further studies are indicated to confirm the mechanisms underlying these observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa M S Lemos
- Gastroenterology Research Unit, Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of LiverpoolLiverpool, UK; Department of Basic Sciences in Health, Federal University of Mato GrossoMato Grosso, Brazil
| | - Fabio Miyajima
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of LiverpoolLiverpool, UK; Group of Neuropharmacology, Drug Research and Development Center, Federal University of CearáFortaleza, Brazil
| | - Geovane R C Castilho
- Department of Basic Sciences in Health, Federal University of Mato Grosso Mato Grosso, Brazil
| | | | - D Mark Pritchard
- Gastroenterology Research Unit, Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool Liverpool, UK
| | - Michael D Burkitt
- Gastroenterology Research Unit, Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool Liverpool, UK
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20
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Chellappan DR, Purushothaman AK, Brindha P. Gastroprotective potential of hydro-alcoholic extract of Pattanga (Caesalpinia sappan Linn.). JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2017; 197:294-305. [PMID: 27484929 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.07.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2016] [Revised: 07/27/2016] [Accepted: 07/30/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
ETHNO-PHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Pattanga is botanically equated as Caesalpinia sappan Linn. (Family: Caesalpiniaceae) and is used in Ayurveda system of medicine since ages. According to Ayurveda, useful part is Heartwood, which is bitter, astringent and acrid and is useful in vitiated conditions of vata and pitta, burning sensation, wounds, ulcers, leprosy, skin diseases, menorrhagia, leucorrhea, and diabetes. It is used as a major ingredient in Ayurvedic formulations and preparations like Patrangasava, Chandanadya Thalia, and Karpuradyarka. AIM OF THE STUDY The present study is planned to evaluate the gastroprotective activity of the selected Ayurvedic drug using three different in vivo gastric ulcer models, so as to provide scientific evidence for the Ayurvedic claims. MATERIALS AND METHODS For this study, Wistar albino rats fasted overnight were selected. The hydroalcoholic extract of Caesalpinia sappan heartwood at the dose level 250 and 500mg/kg body weight was selected and administered orally before necrotizing agents. Antioxidant and antiulcer parameters were evaluated and the stomach samples were subjected for histopathological studies. In addition, PGE2 estimation and protein expressions of COX-1, COX-2 and iNOS were analyzed by Western blot. The plant extract was subjected to LCMS/MS analysis. In addition, Cytoprotective effect in isolated gastric mucosal cells, TUNEL Assay, Acid neutralizing capacity assay, H+/K+ ATPase inhibitory assay were performed. RESULTS The ulcer protection was found to be 92%, 86% and 64% against ethanol, NSAID and pylorus ligation induced ulcer respectively. The hydro-alcoholic extract of C. sappan heartwood exhibited cytoprotective effect with 76.82% reduction against indomethacin-induced cytotoxicity at the concentration of 25µg/ml. C. sappan showed 63.91% inhibition in H+/K+ ATPase inhibitory assay at the concentration 500µg/ml. CONCLUSIONS Our results depict that Caesalpinia sappan heartwood possesses gastroprotective activity, possibly mediated through cytoprotection and antioxidant mechanisms. The data obtained in the present study provides scientific support for the traditional use of Caesalpinia sappan in the management of peptic ulcer.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Raj Chellappan
- Centre for Advanced Research in Indian System of Medicine (CARISM), SASTRA University, Thanjavur, India
| | - Arun K Purushothaman
- Centre for Advanced Research in Indian System of Medicine (CARISM), SASTRA University, Thanjavur, India
| | - Pemiah Brindha
- Centre for Advanced Research in Indian System of Medicine (CARISM), SASTRA University, Thanjavur, India.
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21
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Jeong YH, Park JS, Kim DH, Kim HS. Lonchocarpine Increases Nrf2/ARE-Mediated Antioxidant Enzyme Expression by Modulating AMPK and MAPK Signaling in Brain Astrocytes. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2016; 24:581-588. [PMID: 27737527 PMCID: PMC5098536 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2016.141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2016] [Revised: 08/29/2016] [Accepted: 09/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Lonchocarpine is a phenylpropanoid compound isolated from Abrus precatorius that has anti-bacterial, anti-inflammatory, antiproliferative, and antiepileptic activities. In the present study, we investigated the antioxidant effects of lonchocarpine in brain glial cells and analyzed its molecular mechanisms. We found that lonchocarpine suppressed reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and cell death in hydrogen peroxide-treated primary astrocytes. In addition, lonchocarpine increased the expression of antioxidant enzymes, such as heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1), and manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), which are all under the control of Nrf2/antioxidant response element (ARE) signaling. Further, mechanistic studies showed that lonchocarpine increases the nuclear translocation and DNA binding of Nrf2 to ARE as well as ARE-mediated transcriptional activities. Moreover, lonchocarpine increased the phosphorylation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and three types of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs). By treating astrocytes with each signaling pathway-specific inhibitor, AMPK, c-jun N-terminal protein kinase (JNK), and p38 MAPK were identified to be involved in lonchocarpine-induced HO-1 expression and ARE-mediated transcriptional activities. Therefore, lonchocarpine may be a potential therapeutic agent for neurodegenerative diseases that are associated with oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeon-Hui Jeong
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Tissue Injury Defense Research Center, Ewha Womans University, School of Medicine, Seoul 07985, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Sun Park
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Tissue Injury Defense Research Center, Ewha Womans University, School of Medicine, Seoul 07985, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Hyun Kim
- Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Sun Kim
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Tissue Injury Defense Research Center, Ewha Womans University, School of Medicine, Seoul 07985, Republic of Korea
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22
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Gastroprotective activity of synthetic coumarins: Role of endogenous prostaglandins, nitric oxide, non-protein sulfhydryls and vanilloid receptors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2016; 26:5732-5735. [PMID: 27810240 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2016.10.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2016] [Revised: 10/18/2016] [Accepted: 10/19/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Natural or synthetic coumarins showed gastroprotective and antiulcer activity in animal models. In this study, we have synthetized twenty coumarins using classic methods to evaluate their gastroprotective effects on the ethanol/HCl-induced gastric lesion model in mice at 20mg/kg. Among the coumarins synthetized, compounds 6 and 10 showed the greatest gastroprotective activity being as active as lansoprazole at 20mg/kg and reducing gastric lesions by 75 and 76%, respectively. Then, in a second experiment, compounds 6 and 10 were re-evaluated in order to understand the possible mode of gastroprotective activity. Regarding coumarin 6, the protective effect was reduced by pre-treatment of the mice with N-ethylmaleimide and l-NAME suggesting that sulfhydryl compounds and endogenous nitric oxide are involved in its gastroprotective activity. While for coumarin 10 the effect was reduced by pre-treatment with indomethacin suggesting that prostaglandins are positively involved in its gastroprotective activity.
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23
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Sutili FJ, Velasquez A, Pinheiro CG, Heinzmann BM, Gatlin DM, Baldisserotto B. Evaluation of Ocimum americanum essential oil as an additive in red drum (Sciaenops ocellatus) diets. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 56:155-161. [PMID: 27417228 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2016.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2016] [Revised: 06/28/2016] [Accepted: 07/09/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated productive parameters, whole-body composition, non-specific immune responses and pH and microbiota of digestive tract contents of red drum (Sciaenops ocellatus) fed diets supplemented with Ocimum americanum essential oil (OAEO) (0 - control, 0.25, 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 g/kg diet). After 7 weeks no significant differences in productive parameters and whole-body composition were observed. Plasma and intestinal lysozyme measurements and pH of the stomach and intestine (6 h after feeding) did not show significant differences among groups. Intestinal microbial community in fish fed the basal and OAEO diets (all concentrations) were identical. However, red drum fed the diet with OAEO at 1.0 g/kg had significantly increased intraperitoneal fat deposition and stomach pH (2 h after feeding) and decreased superoxide ion production (NBT-test) compared to the control group. Hemolytic activity of the complement system increased in fish fed diets containing OAEO. Red blood cells from fish fed the lowest OAEO concentration (0.25 g/kg) showed significant lower fragility in erythrocyte osmotic fragility assay, but fish fed 0.5 and 1.0 g/kg showed significant higher erythrocyte fragility. Lysozyme measurement in the supernatant of stomach content was significantly higher in fish fed the diet supplemented at 0.5 g/kg. Based on these various results, OAEO at different supplementation levels did not influence growth performance and intestinal microbial community; however, the EO added to the diet showed effects on immunological responses of red drum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando J Sutili
- CAPES Foundation, Ministry of Education of Brazil, Brasília, DF, 70040-020, Brazil; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Alejandro Velasquez
- Department of Wildlife and Fisheries Sciences, Texas A&M University System, College Station, TX, 77843-2258, USA
| | - Carlos G Pinheiro
- Department of Industrial Pharmacy, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Berta M Heinzmann
- Department of Industrial Pharmacy, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Delbert M Gatlin
- Department of Wildlife and Fisheries Sciences, Texas A&M University System, College Station, TX, 77843-2258, USA
| | - Bernardo Baldisserotto
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil.
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3,6-Dimethoxy-6″,6″-Dimethyl-(7,8,2″,3″)-Chromeneflavone, a Flavonoid Isolated from Lonchocarpus Araripensis
Benth. (Fabaceae), Reduces Nociceptive Behaviour in Mice. Phytother Res 2015; 29:1622-7. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2015] [Revised: 06/23/2015] [Accepted: 06/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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Safavi M, Shams-Ardakani M, Foroumadi A. Medicinal plants in the treatment of Helicobacter pylori infections. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2015; 53:939-960. [PMID: 25430849 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2014.952837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Helicobacter pylori is a small, spiral, Gram-negative bacillus that plays a role in the pathogenesis of a number of diseases ranging from asymptomatic gastritis to gastric cancer. Schedule compliance, antibiotic drug resistance, and side-effects of triple or quadruple therapy have led to research for novel candidates from plants. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this paper is to review the most potent medicinal plants of recently published literature with anti-H. pylori activity. For centuries, herbals have been used by traditional healers around the world to treat various gastrointestinal tract disorders such as dyspepsia, gastritis, and peptic ulcer disease. The mechanism of action by which these botanicals exert their therapeutic properties has not been completely and clearly elucidated. Anti-H. pylori properties may be one of the possible mechanisms by which gastroprotective herbs treat gastrointestinal tract disorders. MATERIALS AND METHODS Electronic databases such as PubMed, Google scholar, EBSCO, and local databases were explored for medicinal plants with anti-H. pylori properties between 1984 and 2013 using key words "medicinal plants" and "Helicobacter pylori" or "anti-Helicobacter pylori". RESULTS A total of 43 medicinal plant species belonging to 27 families including Amaryllidaceae, Anacardiaceae, Apiaceae, Apocynaceae, Asclepiadoideae, Asteraceae, Bignoniaceae, Clusiaceae, Chancapiedra, Combretaceae, Cyperaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Fabaceae, Geraniaceae, Lamiaceae, Lauraceae, Lythraceae, Menispermaceae, Myristicaceae, Myrtaceae, Oleaceae, Papaveraceae, Plumbaginaceae, Poaceae, Ranunculaceae, Rosaceae, and Theaceae were studied as herbs with potent anti-H. pylori effects. CONCLUSION Traditional folk medicinal use of some of these plants to treat gastric infections is substantiated by the antibacterial activity of their extracts against H. pylori.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maliheh Safavi
- Department of Biotechnology, Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology (IROST) , Tehran , Iran
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Yu C, Mei XT, Zheng YP, Xu DH. Taurine zinc solid dispersions protect against cold-restraint stress-induced gastric ulceration by upregulating HSP70 and exerting an anxiolytic effect. Eur J Pharmacol 2015; 762:63-71. [PMID: 26004529 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2015.05.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2015] [Revised: 04/20/2015] [Accepted: 05/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Pharmacological effects of solid dispersions (SDs) of a taurine zinc complex on gastric ulceration and anxiety were investigated. Pretreatment with taurine zinc (50, 100 or 200mg/kg) SDs dose-dependently protected rat gastric mucosa against cold-restraint stress (CRS)-induced gastric injury, and significantly attenuated increases in gastric mucosal H(+)K(+)-ATPase activity and lipid peroxidation and enhanced SOD activity. Taurine zinc also inhibited CRS-induced elevation of the serum stress hormones adrenocorticotropic hormone and corticosterone and upregulated HSP70 expression in the gastric mucosa. Moreover, taurine zinc (200mg/kg) SDs more potently protected the gastric mucosa from ulceration than the same dose of taurine, which may be attributed to a synergistic effect between taurine and zinc. Behavioral experiments in mice showed that taurine zinc SDs significantly increased the number of entries and time spent on the open arms in the elevated plus-maze test, time spent in the central area and total distance traveled in the open field test, and time spent and number of entries into the light compartment in the light/dark box test, indicative of reduced anxiety-like behaviors. This study demonstrates taurine zinc protected the gastric mucosa against CRS-induced gastric damage by decreasing oxidative stress, promoting endogenous HSP70 expression and attenuating psychological stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan Yu
- Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Marine Drugs, Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xue-Ting Mei
- Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Marine Drugs, Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yan-Ping Zheng
- Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Marine Drugs, Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Dong-Hui Xu
- Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Marine Drugs, Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, Guangdong Province, China.
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Evaluation of the Effects of Some Brazilian Medicinal Plants on the Production of TNF- α and CCL2 by THP-1 Cells. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2015; 2015:497123. [PMID: 25878716 PMCID: PMC4386292 DOI: 10.1155/2015/497123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2015] [Revised: 03/04/2015] [Accepted: 03/06/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Several plant species are traditionally used in Brazil to treat various inflammatory diseases. Tumor necrosis factor- (TNF-) α and chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 (CCL2) are key inflammatory mediators in diseases like rheumatoid arthritis and atherosclerosis, respectively; nevertheless, only a few extracts have been assayed against these targets. We herein report the effect of 19 plant extracts on TNF-α and CCL2 release by lipopolysaccharide- (LPS-) stimulated THP-1 cells, a human monocytic leukemia cell line, along with their radical scavenging activity on DPPH. The extracts of Caryocar brasiliense, Casearia sylvestris, Coccoloba cereifera, and Terminalia glabrescens inhibited TNF-α production in a concentration-dependent manner. Fractionation of these extracts potentiated the anti-TNF-α effect, which was shown to concentrate in polar fractions, mainly composed by polyphenols. Significant CCL2 inhibition was elicited by Lippia sidoides and Terminalia glabrescens extracts, whose fractionation resulted in highly active low polar fractions. All assayed extracts showed strong radical scavenging activity, but antioxidant activity did not correlate with inhibition of TNF-α or CCL2 production. Our results allowed identifying extracts with selective capacity to block cytokine production; therefore, further purification of these extracts may yield molecules that could be useful in the treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases.
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Pistollato F, Giampieri F, Battino M. The use of plant-derived bioactive compounds to target cancer stem cells and modulate tumor microenvironment. Food Chem Toxicol 2015; 75:58-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2014.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2014] [Revised: 11/03/2014] [Accepted: 11/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Laloo D, Prasad SK, Sairam K, Hemalatha S. Gastroprotective activity of polyphenolic-rich extract of Potentilla mooniana. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2014; 52:1532-1542. [PMID: 25026332 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2014.905794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Potentilla mooniana Wight. (Rosaceae) is a plant found in the Himalayan region where the root is traditionally used to treat stomach problems including gastric-ulcer. OBJECTIVE To scientifically validate the gastro-protective effect and derive the possible mechanistic activity of the ethanol root extract from P. mooniana (EPM). MATERIALS AND METHODS The gastroprotective effect of EPM (100-400 mg/kg, p.o.) was evaluated on both the physical (Pyloric ligation, PL; Cold restrain stress, CRS) and chemical (absolute ethanol, EtOH; aspirin, ASP) ulcerogens induced ulceration in rats. The mechanistic activity of EPM was tested on various gastric-ulcer parameters, namely gastric pH, volume, acid-pepsin output, DNA content, histamine level, H(+)K(+)-ATPase activity, mucus content, microvascular permeability, antioxidant markers, and gastric-histopathological study. RESULTS EPM significantly reduces the ulcer score against all the four tested gastric-ulcer models. In the PL model, EPM showed significant reduction (p < 0.05) in acid-pepsin output and cell shedding; however, no significant effect was observed on gastric volume, cell proliferation, stomach glandular weight, and histamine levels. EPM (400 mg/kg, p.o.) when compared with ulcer control showed significant increase in gastric pH by 41.6% and decrease in H(+)K(+)-ATPase activity by 47.73%. In addition, EPM showed significant increase in mucus content by 58.60% and a decrease in the microvascular permeability of Evans Blue by 85.00%, justifying its protective effects. Furthermore, EPM also showed significant antioxidant activity and histopathologically possessed excellent cytoprotective effect. CONCLUSION The gastro-protective effect of EPM is attributed mainly to the defensive mechanism owing to the presence of a good quantity of polyphenolic components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damiki Laloo
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University) , Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh , India
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Deskins CE, Vogler B, Dosoky NS, Chhetri BK, Haber WA, Setzer WN. Phytochemical Investigations of Lonchocarpus Bark Extracts from Monteverde, Costa Rica. Nat Prod Commun 2014. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1400900421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The acetone bark extracts of three species of Lonchocarpus from Monteverde, Costa Rica, L. atropurpureus, L. oliganthus, and L. monteviridis, were screened for antibacterial, cytotoxic, and antioxidant activities. L. orotinus extract was antibacterial against Bacillus cereus (MIC = 39 μg/mL), while L. monteviridis exhibited the most antioxidant activity. None of the Lonchocarpus extracts showed cytotoxic activity against MCF-7 cells. Fatty acids and atraric acid were isolated and purified from L. atropurpureus bark, fatty acids and loliolide from L. oliganthus bark, and leonuriside A and β-D-glucopyranos-1-yl N-methylpyrrole-2-carboxylate from L. monteviridis bark. Atraric acid showed cytotoxic and antimicrobial activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin E. Deskins
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL 35899, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Quincy University, Quincy, IL 62301, USA
| | - Bernhard Vogler
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL 35899, USA
| | - Noura S. Dosoky
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL 35899, USA
| | - Bhuwan K. Chhetri
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL 35899, USA
| | | | - William N. Setzer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL 35899, USA
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Blanco-Ayala T, Lugo-Huitrón R, Serrano-López EM, Reyes-Chilpa R, Rangel-López E, Pineda B, Medina-Campos ON, Sánchez-Chapul L, Pinzón E, Cristina TS, Silva-Adaya D, Pedraza-Chaverrí J, Ríos C, de la Cruz VP, Torres-Ramos M. Antioxidant properties of xanthones from Calophyllum brasiliense: prevention of oxidative damage induced by FeSO₄. Altern Ther Health Med 2013; 13:262. [PMID: 24119308 PMCID: PMC3852108 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-13-262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2013] [Accepted: 10/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Background Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are important mediators in a number of degenerative diseases. Oxidative stress refers to the imbalance between the production of ROS and the ability to scavenge these species through endogenous antioxidant systems. Since antioxidants can inhibit oxidative processes, it becomes relevant to describe natural compounds with antioxidant properties which may be designed as therapies to decrease oxidative damage and stimulate endogenous cytoprotective systems. The present study tested the protective effect of two xanthones isolated from the heartwood of Calophyllum brasilienses against FeSO4-induced toxicity. Methods Through combinatory chemistry assays, we evaluated the superoxide (O2●—), hydroxyl radical (OH●), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and peroxynitrite (ONOO—) scavenging capacity of jacareubin (xanthone III) and 2-(3,3-dimethylallyl)-1,3,5,6-tetrahydroxyxanthone (xanthone V). The effect of these xanthones on murine DNA and bovine serum albumin degradation induced by an OH• generator system was also evaluated. Additionally, we investigated the effect of these xanthones on ROS production, lipid peroxidation and glutathione reductase (GR) activity in FeSO4-exposed brain, liver and lung rat homogenates. Results Xanthone V exhibited a better scavenging capacity for O2●—, ONOO- and OH● than xanthone III, although both xanthones were unable to trap H2O2. Additionally, xanthones III and V prevented the albumin and DNA degradation induced by the OH● generator system. Lipid peroxidation and ROS production evoked by FeSO4 were decreased by both xanthones in all tissues tested. Xanthones III and V also prevented the GR activity depletion induced by pro-oxidant activity only in the brain. Conclusions Altogether, the collected evidence suggests that xanthones can play a role as potential agents to attenuate the oxidative damage produced by different pro-oxidants.
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Tjandrawinata RR, Nailufar F, Arifin PF. Hydrogen potassium adenosine triphosphatase activity inhibition and downregulation of its expression by bioactive fraction DLBS2411 from Cinnamomum burmannii in gastric parietal cells. Int J Gen Med 2013; 6:807-15. [PMID: 24101879 PMCID: PMC3790889 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s50134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
This study assessed the gastric acid antisecretory effect of DLBS2411 fractionated from Cinnamomum burmannii. Hydrogen potassium adenosine triphosphatase (H+/K+ ATPase) activity and its gene expression were observed, and the antioxidant activity of DLBS2411 was also investigated. Treatment of DLBS2411 decreased the level of H+/K+ ATPase messenger RNA expression on human embryonic kidney 293 cells and rat gastric parietal cells in a dose-dependent manner, in vitro and ex vivo. DLBS2411 also acted as a competitive inhibitor by showing inhibition in gastric H+/K+ ATPase activity at various pHs. In gastric ulcer animal models induced with indomethacin and ethanol, DLBS2411showed a reduction in the number of petechiae, suggesting that the fraction also confers gastroprotective activity. Moreover, DLBS2411 was also found to have potent antioxidant activity. Taken together, DLBS2411 is a promising novel agent for the management of dyspepsia, a condition of hyperacidity and diseases in the stomach requiring gastroprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raymond R Tjandrawinata
- Section of Molecular Pharmacology, Dexa Medica, Cikarang, Indonesia ; Section of Animal Pharmacology, Dexa Medica, Cikarang, Indonesia
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The H+/K+-ATPase inhibitory activities of Trametenolic acid B from Trametes lactinea (Berk.) Pat, and its effects on gastric cancer cells. Fitoterapia 2013; 89:210-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2013.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2013] [Revised: 05/23/2013] [Accepted: 05/27/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Laloo D, Prasad SK, Krishnamurthy S, Hemalatha S. Gastroprotective activity of ethanolic root extract of Potentilla fulgens Wall. ex Hook. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2013; 146:505-514. [PMID: 23384786 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2013.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2012] [Revised: 12/31/2012] [Accepted: 01/12/2013] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Potentilla fulgens (Wall.) ex Hook. (Rosaceae) is a potent medicinal plant of the Western Himalayas, known under the name "Himalayan Cinquefoil or Bajradanti", and has been used traditionally to treat ailments including peptic ulcers, mouth ulcers, diarrhea, diabetes and cancer. OBJECTIVE The aim of the present study was to scientifically evaluate the gastric-ulcer protective effect of P. fulgens ethanolic root extract (EPF) on experimental rats. MATERIAL AND METHODS The gastroprotective activity of EPF was evaluated on four gastric-ulcer models such as pyloric ligation (PL), ethanol (EtOH), cold restrain stress (CRS) and aspirin (ASP)-induced gastric ulcers. The gastric acid obtained from 4h PL-induced gastric ulcer rats was determined for total volume content, pH and total acid-pepsin output. Total carbohydrates and protein ratio, expressed as index of mucin activity, and DNA content were estimated in the gastric juice and gastric mucosal tissue. The microvascular permeability, H(+)K(+)-ATPase activity, gastric mucus and histamine content were also determined. The levels of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione) and malondialdehyde in the stomach tissue (mucosal scrapings) were quantified. A histopathological study of the stomach was evaluated using eosin-haematoxylin stain. RESULTS EPF (200-400mg/kg, p.o.) showed significant protection against acute gastric-ulcer induced by EtOH, PL and CRS (400mg/kg, p.o.), but was found to be ineffective against ASP-induced ulcerogens. The effect of EPF on gastric juice studies in 4h PL rats significantly produced an increased level in gastric pH, whereas the effect on gastric volume and acid-pepsin output was observed to decrease significantly. However, EPF was found to have no significant effect on the defensive factors, thus revealing its antisecretory property by inhibiting the aggressive factors. EPF, significantly decreased the histamine level, inhibited the H(+)K(+)-ATPase activity and prevented the microvascular injury caused by ethanol in the rat stomach. Moreover, it was also observed to have antioxidant effects by producing a significant increase in the levels of SOD, CAT, and GSH and decreased the LPO activity. Histopathological studies showed that EPF significantly prevented gastric lesions caused by ethanol. CONCLUSIONS The present study showed that EPF has potent gastroprotective and antisecretory effects, thus justifying the traditional usage of this herb to treat gastric ulcers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damiki Laloo
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Indian Institute of Technology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221 005, India
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Klein-Júnior LC, Santin JR, Lemos M, Silveira ACDO, Rocha JAR, Beber AP, Wagner TM, Bresolin TMB, Bella-Cruz A, Cechinel-Filho V, Faloni de Andrade S. Role of gastric mucus secretion, oxinitrergic system and sulfhydryl groups on the gastroprotection elicited by Polygala cyparissias (Polygalaceae) in mice. J Pharm Pharmacol 2013; 65:767-76. [DOI: 10.1111/jphp.12038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2012] [Accepted: 01/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
This study has aimed to assess the mechanisms of action for the gastroprotective effect of the acetone extract (PCAE) and methanol fraction (PCMF) of Polygala cyparissias, as well as to evaluate the activity of 1,3,6,8-tetrahydroxy-2,7-dimethoxyxanthone (1), 1,7-dihydroxy-2,3-dimethoxyxanthone (2) and astragalin (3).
Methods
Gastric secretion and mucus content were determined by pylorus ligation in mice. Nitric oxide (NO) and sulfhydryl group participation were observed by the pretreatment of mice with L-NAME or NEM. Acute ulcer was induced by ethanol/HCl and chronic ulcer by acetic acid. Anti-Helicobacter pylori activity was evaluated by the agar solid dilution assay.
Key findings
Neither PCAE nor PCMF had the ability to reduce H+ concentration. However, both of them enhanced mucus secretion. PCAE demonstrated its gastroprotection in a NO-dependent manner, while PCMF exerted the activity depending on the sulfhydryl group. In chronic ulcer, the curative ratios for the PCAE and PCMF were 67.5 and 58.4%, respectively. No effect over H. pylori was detected. Compounds 1, 2 and 3 were able to reduce lesions in the order of 79.6, 73.8 and 67.6%, respectively.
Conclusions
The data suggested that PCAE and PCMF displayed antiulcer activity due to different mechanisms and with the participation of phenolic compounds obtained from the plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiz Carlos Klein-Júnior
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade do Vale do Itajaí-UNIVALI, Itajaí, Brazil
- Núcleo de Investigações Químico-Farmacêuticas (NIQFAR), Universidade do Vale do Itajaí-UNIVALI, Itajaí, Brazil
| | - José Roberto Santin
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade do Vale do Itajaí-UNIVALI, Itajaí, Brazil
| | - Marivane Lemos
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade do Vale do Itajaí-UNIVALI, Itajaí, Brazil
| | - Alessandro Conrado de Oliveira Silveira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade do Vale do Itajaí-UNIVALI, Itajaí, Brazil
- Curso de Farmácia, Universidade de Blumenau – FURB, Blumenau, Brazil
| | - Jady Alice Rodrigues Rocha
- Núcleo de Investigações Químico-Farmacêuticas (NIQFAR), Universidade do Vale do Itajaí-UNIVALI, Itajaí, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Beber
- Núcleo de Investigações Químico-Farmacêuticas (NIQFAR), Universidade do Vale do Itajaí-UNIVALI, Itajaí, Brazil
| | - Theodoro Marcel Wagner
- Núcleo de Investigações Químico-Farmacêuticas (NIQFAR), Universidade do Vale do Itajaí-UNIVALI, Itajaí, Brazil
- Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade da Região de Joinville, Joinville, Brazil
| | - Tania Mari Bellé Bresolin
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade do Vale do Itajaí-UNIVALI, Itajaí, Brazil
- Núcleo de Investigações Químico-Farmacêuticas (NIQFAR), Universidade do Vale do Itajaí-UNIVALI, Itajaí, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Bella-Cruz
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade do Vale do Itajaí-UNIVALI, Itajaí, Brazil
- Núcleo de Investigações Químico-Farmacêuticas (NIQFAR), Universidade do Vale do Itajaí-UNIVALI, Itajaí, Brazil
| | - Valdir Cechinel-Filho
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade do Vale do Itajaí-UNIVALI, Itajaí, Brazil
- Núcleo de Investigações Químico-Farmacêuticas (NIQFAR), Universidade do Vale do Itajaí-UNIVALI, Itajaí, Brazil
| | - Sérgio Faloni de Andrade
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade do Vale do Itajaí-UNIVALI, Itajaí, Brazil
- Núcleo de Investigações Químico-Farmacêuticas (NIQFAR), Universidade do Vale do Itajaí-UNIVALI, Itajaí, Brazil
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El-Nezhawy AOH, Biuomy AR, Hassan FS, Ismaiel AK, Omar HA. Design, synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of omeprazole-like agents with anti-inflammatory activity. Bioorg Med Chem 2013; 21:1661-70. [PMID: 23453216 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2013.01.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2012] [Revised: 01/19/2013] [Accepted: 01/28/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
A new series of novel benzimidazole derivatives containing substituted pyrid-2-yl moiety and polyhydroxy sugar conjugated to the N-benzimidazole moiety has been synthesized and evaluated as orally bioavailable anti-inflammatory agents with anti-ulcerogenic activity. The anti-inflammatory and anti-ulcerogenic activities of these compounds were compared to diclofenac and omeprazole, respectively. In carrageenan-induced paw oedema assay, 2-methyl-N-((3,4-dimethoxypyridin-2-yl)methyl)-1H-benzimidazol-5-amine (12d) and 1-(1,2,3,5-tetrahydroxy-α-D-mannofuranose)-5-(((3,4-dimethoxypyridin-2yl)methyl)amino)-2-methyl-1H-benzimidazole (15d) displayed dose-dependent anti-inflammatory activities by decreasing the inflammation by 62% and 72%, respectively which is comparable to that of diclofenac (73%). In contrast to diclofenac, the anti-inflammatory activity of these compounds was not only free from any side effects on the gastric mucosa but also showed significant anti-ulcerogenic activity in rat pyloric ligation and ethanol-induced gastric ulcer models similar to that of omeprazole. Together, these findings suggest that 12d and 15d are potent anti-inflammatory agents with concurrent anti-ulcerogenic activity and support its clinical promise as a component of therapeutic strategies for inflammation, for which the gastric side effects are always a major limitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed O H El-Nezhawy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, Saudi Arabia.
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Carvalho HDO, Medeiros BJ, de Sá BM, C de Araújo JT, Kawakami MY, Favacho HA, Carvalho JCT. Study of dissolution profiles and desintegration of capsules containing the dried hydroethanolic extract of Calophyllum brasiliense. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE FARMACOGNOSIA-BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOGNOSY 2013. [DOI: 10.1590/s0102-695x2012005000145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Magdy MA, Hanan EA, Nabila EM. Thymoquinone: Novel gastroprotective mechanisms. Eur J Pharmacol 2012; 697:126-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2012.09.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2012] [Revised: 09/17/2012] [Accepted: 09/22/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Saranya P, Geetha A, Selvamathy SMKN. A biochemical study on the gastroprotective effect of andrographolide in rats induced with gastric ulcer. Indian J Pharm Sci 2012; 73:550-7. [PMID: 22923868 PMCID: PMC3425067 DOI: 10.4103/0250-474x.99012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2010] [Revised: 10/15/2011] [Accepted: 10/22/2011] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The major objective of the study was to evaluate the gastroprotective property of andrographolide, a chief component of the leaves of Andrographis paniculata in terms of the ulcer preventive effect in rats. An acute toxicity test was conducted with different concentrations of andrographolide to determine the LD50 value. The dose responsive study was conducted in rats pretreated with andrographolide (1, 3 and 5 mg/kg) for a period of 30 days, prior to ulcer induction by administering ethanol, aspirin or by pyloric ligation. The ulcer protective efficacy was tested by determining the ulcer score, pH, pepsin, titrable acidity, gastric mucin, lipid peroxides, reduced glutathione, and enzymatic antioxidants superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase in gastric tissue. The activities of H+-K+ ATPase and myeloperoxidase were also determined in gastric tissue. The LD50 value was found to be 48 mg/kg b. wt and the effective dose was found to be 3 mg/kg. We have observed a significant reduction in the ulcer score in rats pretreated with 3 mg of andrographolide/kg body weight. A favourable increase in the pH and decrease in titrable acidity were observed in the gastric fluid of rats pretreated with the test drug. The gastric tissue H+-K+ ATPase and myeloperoxidase activities were elevated in ulcer-induced animals. The elevation in the enzyme activity was significantly minimized in the andrographolide received animals. The antioxidants and mucin levels were significantly maintained in the gastric tissue of drug-pretreated animals. Andrographolide did not produce any toxic effects in normal rats. This study reveals that the ulcer preventive efficacy of andrographolide may probably due to its antioxidant, cytoprotective and antiacid secretory effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Saranya
- Department of Biochemistry, Bharathi Women's College (Affiliated to University of Madras), Chennai-600 108, India
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Yadav P, Ganeshpurkar A, Rai G. In vitro H(+) -K(+) ATPase inhibitory potential of methanolic extract of Cissus quadrangularis Linn. Pharmacognosy Res 2012; 4:123-6. [PMID: 22518085 PMCID: PMC3326759 DOI: 10.4103/0974-8490.94738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2011] [Revised: 11/19/2011] [Accepted: 04/07/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: This study was undertaken to study in vitro H+ -K+ ATPase inhibitory potential of methanolic extract of Cissus quadrangularis Linn. Materials and Mathods: Total phenolic and flavonoid contents from extract was quantified and H+ -K+ ATPase inhibition assay was performed in presence of different concentrations of standard (omeprazole) and methanol extract. Results: Extract showed significant (*P < 0.05) proton pump inhibitory activity in the goat gastric mucosal homogenate which was comparable to standard. Conclusions: These findings showed that methanolic extract of C. quadrangularis Linn. is potent inhibitor of proton pump.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Yadav
- Department of Pharmacology, Shri Ram Institute of Technology -Pharmacy, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, India
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Megala J, Geetha A. Antiulcerogenic activity of hydroalcoholic fruit extract of Pithecellobium dulce in different experimental ulcer models in rats. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2012; 142:415-421. [PMID: 22609807 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2012.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2011] [Revised: 04/27/2012] [Accepted: 05/06/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The ethnopharmacological importance of Pithecellobium dulce is evidenced by its traditional use for gastric complications. The aim of the study is to evaluate the gastroprotective activity and the mechanism of action of hydroalcoholic fruit extract of P. dulce (HAEPD) in rats by using chemical and stress induced ulcer models. MATERIALS AND METHODS Gastric ulcer was induced by administering alcohol (or) acetylsalicylic acid (or) hypothermic restraint stress to rats pretreated with HAEPD (200 mg/kgbwt for 30 day). Volume of gastric fluid, pH, acidity, activities of pepsin, H(+), K(+)-ATPase, myeloperoxidase, mucin content, nucleic acids, glycoproteins and prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) levels were assessed in gastric tissues. RESULTS Ulcer score was significantly minimized in HAEPD administered animals. pH and acidity of gastric fluid were significantly minimized and the mucin, PGE(2) levels were significantly maintained in drug pre administered animals. The activities of H(+), K(+)- ATPase and myeloperoxidase were found to be significantly elevated in ulcer control animals and found to be decreased in drug pretreated animals. The cell proliferation was found to be enhanced in drug received animals. The total protein bound carbohydrate to total protein ratio was found to be significantly maintained by HAEPD. The effects were found to be comparable with that of standard drug omeprazole. CONCLUSION It is concluded that HAEPD possess a potent antiulcer activity probably by acting as cytoprotective and antiacid secretory agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayaraman Megala
- Research and Development Centre, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641046, India
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Lemos LMS, Martins TB, Tanajura GH, Gazoni VF, Bonaldo J, Strada CL, Silva MGD, Dall'oglio EL, de Sousa Júnior PT, Martins DTDO. Evaluation of antiulcer activity of chromanone fraction from Calophyllum brasiliesnse Camb. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2012; 141:432-439. [PMID: 22425905 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2012.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2011] [Revised: 02/01/2012] [Accepted: 03/05/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Calophyllum brasiliense Camb. (Clusiaceae), popularly known as 'guanandi', is found in the tropical areas and swampy lands. The latex exuding from its bark is used in the treatment of gastric ulcer in folk medicine. Several active compounds have been isolated from its stem bark among them, are the chromanone acids. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate antiulcer activity and probable mechanism(s) of action of a fraction containing a mixture of chromanone acids (BI), derived by column chromatography fractionation of the hexane extract of the stem bark of Calophyllum brasiliense (HECb), using experimental in vitro and in vivo models. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ulcer was induced by oral administration of ethanol (75%, v/v) and indomethacin (50mg/kg). Malondialdehyde, reduced glutathione and catalase activity was measured in stomach tissue after ethanol induced ulcer. In order to evaluate the effect of BI on nitric oxide, ulcer was induced by ethanol in l-NAME pretreated animals. Anti-Helicobacter pylori activity was verified in disk diffusion and broth microdilution in vitro assays, using cagA+ and vacA+ Helicobacter pylori strains. RESULTS BI prevented the gastric ulceration caused by ethanol and indomethacin treatments. Its gastroprotective mechanism in ethanol-induced ulcer was partly due to reduction of MDA and CAT levels in the gastric tissue. BI did not affect the GSH levels and its gastroprotective effect was not reversed by pretreatment with l-NAME. BI showed anti-Helicobacter pylori in the both assays. CONCLUSION The results indicate that BI is partly responsible for the HECb antiulcer and anti-Helicobacter pylori effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa Maria Scalon Lemos
- Department of Basic Sciences in Health, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Mato Grosso (UFMT), Av. Fernando Correa da Costa, n 2367, Coxipó, Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Zip Code: 78060-900, Brazil
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Mei X, Xu D, Xu S, Zheng Y, Xu S. Novel role of Zn(II)-curcumin in enhancing cell proliferation and adjusting proinflammatory cytokine-mediated oxidative damage of ethanol-induced acute gastric ulcers. Chem Biol Interact 2012; 197:31-9. [PMID: 22465177 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2012.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2011] [Revised: 02/26/2012] [Accepted: 03/11/2012] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Alcohol consumption can induce gastric ulcers and zinc deficiency. Zinc complexes were reported to have anti-ulcer activity as it acts as an anti-inflammatory and antioxidant. Zn(II)-curcumin complex and its solid dispersions (SDs) were synthesized and evaluated for its gastroprotective activity and mechanism against ethanol-induced ulcer. The Swiss murine fibroblast cell line (3T3) was used as an alternative in vitro model to evaluate the effects of Zn(II)-curcumin on cell proliferation. Zn(II)-curcumin were administered orally for seven consecutive days prior to induction of ulcers using ethanol. Gross and microscopic lesions, immunological and biochemical parameters were taken into consideration. The results showed that solid dispersions (SDs) of Zn(II)-curcumin (2.5-20 μM) enhanced the proliferation of 3T3 cells more significantly than curcumin at the same concentrations (P<0.01). Oral administration of Zn(II)-curcumin (12, 24 and 48 mg/kg) SDs dose-dependently prevented formation of ulcer lesions induced by ethanol. The levels of proinflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and oxidative stress superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPX-Px), malonaldehyde (MDA) and H(+)-K(+)-ATPase were in the rats exposed to ethanol in ulceration have been altered. Zn(II)-curcumin prevented formation of ulcer lesions, significantly inhibited TNF-α and IL-6 mRNA expression, increased the activity of SOD and GSH-Px, reduced MDA levels and H(+)-K(+)-ATPase in mucosa of rats compared to controls (P<0.05). These findings suggest that the gastroprotective activity of Zn(II)-curcumin complex might contribute in stimulating cell proliferation and adjusting the proinflammatory cytokine-mediated oxidative damage to the gastric mucosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueting Mei
- Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Marine Drugs, Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Panneerselvam S, Arumugam G. A biochemical study on the gastroprotective effect of hydroalcoholic extract of Andrographis paniculata in rats. Indian J Pharmacol 2011; 43:402-8. [PMID: 21844994 PMCID: PMC3153702 DOI: 10.4103/0253-7613.83110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2010] [Revised: 12/22/2010] [Accepted: 04/25/2011] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: The aim of the present study is to evaluate the gastroprotective effect of hydroalcoholic extract of Andrographis paniculata (HAEAP) in male albino wistar rats. Materials and Methods: Rats were pretreated with HAEAP (100,200,500mg/kg b. wt for 30 days) and then gastric ulcers were induced by ethanol, aspirin, pylorus ligation and cold restraint stress models. Ulcer score was determined in all the ulcer models. pH, gastric volume, titrable acidity, pepsin, mucin, myeloperoxidase, H+K+ATPase, thiobarbituric acid reacting substances (TBARS) and antioxidant enzyme activities were assayed in ethanol-administered rats. Results: The ulcer score was found to be low in HAEAP-pretreated rats. Among the doses studied, 200 mg/kg b.wt was found to be optimum for significant ulcer reduction. The test drug significantly reduced the acidity, pepsin concentration, myeloperoxidase and H+K+ATPase activities in ethanol-administered rats. The elevated TBARS and decreased glutathione (GSH) and mucin levels observed during ulcerogenesis were found to be altered in HAEAP-received animals. Conclusions: The ulcer preventing effect of HAEAP may partly be due to its regulating effect on H+K+ATPase activity and /or mucin preserving effects. The flavonoids present in the HAEAP might be responsible for the gastroprotective action probably by maintaining the antioxidants and thiol status in the gastrointestinal tract.
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Freitas CS, Baggio CH, Mayer B, dos Santos AC, Twardowschy A, de Moraes Santos CA, Marques MCA. Inhibition of Gastric H +, K +-ATPase Activity by Compounds from Medicinal Plants. Nat Prod Commun 2011. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1100600911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
H+, K+-ATPase enzyme is a therapeutic target for the treatment of gastric disturbances. Several medicinal plants and isolated compounds inhibit the acid gastric secretion through interaction with the proton pump. In order to add new properties to some natural constituents, five compounds, a benzylated derivative of vincoside, a diterpene (abietic acid) and three alkaloids (cephaeline, vinblastine and vindoline), were tested for their activities on gastric H+,K+-ATPase isolated from rabbit stomach. All the compounds inhibited H+, K+-ATPase activity with varied potency. The IC50value for benzylvincoside was 121 (50-293) μM, and for abietic acid 177 (148-211) μM. The alkaloids cephaeline, vinblastine and vindoline inhibited the H+,K+-ATPase activity with IC50values of 194, 761 and 846 μM, respectively. The results suggest that benzylvincoside, abietic acid and cephaeline can be important sources for the development of anti-secretor agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Setim Freitas
- Department of Pharmacology, Sector of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Centro Politécnico, CP 19031, CEP 81531-990, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Hatsuko Baggio
- Department of Pharmacology, Sector of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Centro Politécnico, CP 19031, CEP 81531-990, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Bárbara Mayer
- Department of Pharmacology, Sector of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Centro Politécnico, CP 19031, CEP 81531-990, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Ana Cristina dos Santos
- Department of Pharmacology, Sector of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Centro Politécnico, CP 19031, CEP 81531-990, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - André Twardowschy
- Department of Pharmacology, Sector of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Centro Politécnico, CP 19031, CEP 81531-990, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Cid Aimbiré de Moraes Santos
- Department of Pharmacy, Health Sciences Sector, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Av. Prefeito Lothário Meissner 632, CEP 80210-170, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Maria Consuelo Andrade Marques
- Department of Pharmacology, Sector of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Centro Politécnico, CP 19031, CEP 81531-990, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
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Gastroprotective and antidepressant effects of a new zinc(II)–curcumin complex in rodent models of gastric ulcer and depression induced by stresses. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2011; 99:66-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2011.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2010] [Revised: 03/29/2011] [Accepted: 04/04/2011] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Mahattanadul S, Ridtitid W, Nima S, Phdoongsombut N, Ratanasuwon P, Kasiwong S. Effects of Morinda citrifolia aqueous fruit extract and its biomarker scopoletin on reflux esophagitis and gastric ulcer in rats. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2011; 134:243-250. [PMID: 21163341 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2010.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2010] [Revised: 12/05/2010] [Accepted: 12/06/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
AIMS OF THE STUDY The present study was carried out to evaluate the effect of dried mature unripe Morinda citrifolia L. (Rubiaceae) fruit, commonly known as "Noni", in an aqueous extract preparation (AFE) as used in Thai traditional medicine and its biomarker scopoletin on gastro-esophageal inflammatory models that are related to the claimed pharmacological properties of AFE and/or resembled the human esophagitis or gastric ulcer. MATERIALS AND METHODS The powder of dried mature unripe Noni fruit was boiled in water until it became a sticky paste and was then dried into a powder by lyophilization. The pharmacological activity of AFE and pure scopoletin at the same equivalent dose present in AFE was investigated in rat on gastro-esophageal inflammatory models (acid reflux esophagitis, acute gastritis induced by ethanol and serotonin, and chronic gastric ulcer induced by acetic acid); gastric biochemical parameters and gastrointestinal motility. RESULTS AFE (0.63-2.50 g/kg) significantly prevented the formation of acid reflux esophagitis, reduced the formation of ethanol-induced acute gastric lesions, suppressed the development of gastric lesions in response to serotonin, and accelerated the healing of acetic acid-induced chronic gastric ulcer in rats with equal potency to those obtained by standard antisecretory agents (ranitidine and lansoprazole). AFE also significantly inhibited gastric acid secretion and pepsin activity in pylorus ligated rats. Additionally, AFE strongly increased the gastrointestinal transit of charcoal meal with a higher potency than cisapride. Pure scopoletin, when compared at the same equivalent dose containing in AFE, possessed similar antiulcer and antisecretory properties to that of AFE although it exerted a less prokinetic activity than AFE. CONCLUSION The findings indicated that AFE as well as its biomarker: scopoletin may be beneficial as a potential preventive and therapeutic agent for gastro-esophageal inflammatory diseases, mainly through its antisecretory and prokinetic activities including an inhibitory activity on serotonin, free radicals, and cytokine-mediated inflammation. Additionally, scopoletin might be one of the biomarker constituents to use for the quality assessment of Noni fruit products used for treating gastro-esophageal inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sirima Mahattanadul
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90112, Thailand.
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Megala J, Geetha A. Free radical-scavenging and H+, K+-ATPase inhibition activities of Pithecellobium dulce. Food Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2010.01.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Sood S, Muthuraman A, Gill NS, Bali M, Sharma PD. Role of 7,8-dimethoxycoumarin in anti-secretary and anti-inflammatory action on pyloric ligation-induced gastritis in rats. JOURNAL OF ASIAN NATURAL PRODUCTS RESEARCH 2010; 12:593-9. [PMID: 20628939 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2010.486377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The present study was designed to investigate the effect of 7,8-dimethoxycoumarin (DMC) isolated from ethyl acetate extract of Citrus decumana peels on gastritis in rats. Isolation of 7,8-DMC from ethyl acetate extract of C. decumana peels was done by column and preparative thin layer chromatography using different solvents on polarity basis. Furthermore, effect of 7,8-DMC (50, 75, and 100 mg/kg, i.p.) in pyloric ligation-induced gastritis was studied in rats. The highest dose of 7,8-DMC showed significant decrease in the gastric volume, total acidity, ulcerative index, thiobarbituric acid reactive species levels, and myeloperoxidase activity, whereas there was an increase in the glutathione level. However, the lowest and medium doses did not produce significant results as compared to omeprazole and N-acetyl cysteine-treated groups. Compound 7,8-DMC (100 mg/kg) showed ameliorative effect on gastric inflammation and may be used as a therapeutic agent in the treatment of gastritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shailja Sood
- Rayat Institute of Pharmacy, Ropar, Punjab, India.
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Campos DA, de Lima AF, Ribeiro SRL, Silveira ER, Pessoa ODL, Rao VS, Santos FA. Gastroprotective effect of a flavone from Lonchocarpus araripensis Benth. (Leguminosae) and the possible mechanism. J Pharm Pharmacol 2010; 60:391-7. [DOI: 10.1211/jpp.60.3.0016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The gastroprotective effect of DDF (3,6-dimethoxy-6“, 6”-dimethyl-[2“, 3”: 7,8]-chromeneflavone) from Lonchocarpus araripensis Benth. (Leguminosae) on gastric damage induced by absolute ethanol (96%, 0.2 mL/mouse) and indometacin (30 mg kg−1, p.o.) in mice was investigated. Intraperitoneally administered DDF at dose levels of 50, 100 and 200 mg kg−1 markedly reduced the gastric lesions in the ethanol model by 62, 72 and 96%, and in the indometacin model by 34, 70 and 75%, respectively, as compared with misoprostol (50 μg kg−1, p.o.), the reference compound that caused lesion suppression by 67% in ethanol model and by 72% against indometacin-induced ulceration. The ED50 of DDF in reducing gastric lesions induced by ethanol and indometacin (dose of the DDF that reduced the gastric lesion area by 50% in relation to the control value) was 50.87 and 61.56 mg kg−1, respectively. Mechanistic studies were carried out at 100 mg kg−1 DDF using the ethanol model. Compared with N-acetylcysteine (750 mg kg−1, p.o.), a donor of sulfhydryls, DDF only partially replenished the ethanol-induced depletion of gastric mucosal NP-SH. Pretreatment with TRPV1 antagonist capsazepine (5 mg kg−1, i.p.) or the non-selective cyclooxygenase inhibitor indometacin (10 mg kg−1, p.o.) effectively blocked the gastroprotective effect of DDF (100 mg kg−1) against ethanol damage. Furthermore, the effect of DDF was significantly reduced in mice pretreated with L-NAME, or glibenclamide, the respective inhibitors of nitric oxide synthase and K+ATP channel activation. These data provide evidence to show that DDF affords gastroprotection against gastric damage induced by ethanol and indometacin by different and complementary mechanisms, which include involvement of endogenous prostaglandins, nitric oxide release, the activation of TRPV1 receptor or K+ATP channels, besides a sparing effect on NP-SH reserve.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deive A Campos
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Caixa Postal 3157, 60430-270, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brasil
| | - Almi F de Lima
- Departamento de Química Orgãnica e Inorgãnica, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Caixa Postal 12200, 60451-970, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brasil
| | - Saulo Rodrigo L Ribeiro
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Caixa Postal 3157, 60430-270, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brasil
| | - Edilberto R Silveira
- Departamento de Química Orgãnica e Inorgãnica, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Caixa Postal 12200, 60451-970, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brasil
| | - Otilia Deusdênia L Pessoa
- Departamento de Química Orgãnica e Inorgãnica, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Caixa Postal 12200, 60451-970, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brasil
| | - Vietla S Rao
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Caixa Postal 3157, 60430-270, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brasil
| | - Flávia A Santos
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Caixa Postal 3157, 60430-270, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brasil
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