1
|
Jin A, Wang Y, Tong L, Liu G, Feng J, Li Y, Shen C, Wu W. Coumarins and flavones from Ficus erecta and their anti-inflammatory activity. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 333:118472. [PMID: 38901681 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Ficus erecta, a traditional Chinese She Ethnomedicine, has been historically utilized to treat various inflammatory conditions such as arthritis, nephritis, and osteoporosis. However, the underlying mechanisms accounting for its anti-inflammatory activity, as well as its active components, largely remain elusive. AIM OF THE STUDY The purpose of this research was to investigate the chemical constituents of F. erecta that contribute to its anti-inflammatory effects. MATERIALS AND METHODS Coumarins and flavones were obtained from the 95% EtOH extract of F. erecta using virous column chromatography and reversed-phase semipreparative HPLC. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated by extensive analysis of spectroscopic methods, including HRESIMS, 1D and 2D NMR spectra, and CD experiments. Cultured macrophage RAW264.7 cells were utilized for the anti-inflammatory experiments. MTT cell viability assay, Griess reagent method, ELISA, and Western blot experiments were employed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity and investigate the related mechanism. RESULTS Four new (1-4) and eleven previously identified (5-16) coumarins, together with one new (17) and six known flavones (18-23) were isolated from the whole plant of F. erecta. Compounds 7 and 17 significantly reduced nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production without cytotoxic effects. Furthermore, compounds 7 and 17 reduced the production of proinflammatory cytokines including tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-6 in a concentration-dependent manner. Western blot analysis indicated that compounds 7 and 17 suppressed the expression of iNOS, COX-2, and p-IκBα in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophage cells. CONCLUSION The current phytochemical investigations revealed that coumarins and flavones represent the primary chemical constituents of F. erecta. Compounds 7 and 17 exhibit potent anti-inflammatory properties, linked with the inhibition of NF-κB activation by preventing the degradation of IκBα phosphorylation. These compounds may serve as promising candidates for treating or preventing certain inflammatory diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- An Jin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua, 418000, China
| | - Yuyan Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua, 418000, China
| | - Lingfei Tong
- Department of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Guifeng Liu
- Jiangxi Institute for Drug Control, Jiangxi Provincial Engineering Research Center for Drug and Medical Device Quality, Nanchang, 330029, China
| | - Jinglin Feng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua, 418000, China
| | - Ying Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua, 418000, China
| | - Chengying Shen
- Department of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Wenming Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, 330006, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kausar MA, Parveen S, Anwar S, Sadaf, Massey S, El-Horany HES, Khan FH, Shahein M, Husain SA. Cytotoxic potential and metabolomic profiling of alkaloid rich fraction of Tylophora indica leaves. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2024; 1869:159505. [PMID: 38729236 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2024.159505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Tylophora indica (Burm f.) Merrill, belong to family Asclepiadaceae, is considered to be a natural remedy with high medicinal benefits. The objective of this work is to assess the metabolomic profile of T. indica leaves enriched in alkaloids, as well as to evaluate the in vitro cytotoxicity of these leaves using the MTT assay on human breast MCF-7 and liver HepG2 cancer cell lines. Dried leaves of T. indica were extracted by sonication, using methanol containing 2 % (v/v) of acetic acid and obtained fraction was characterized by HPTLC and UPLC-MS. The UPLC-MS study yielded a preliminary identification of 32 metabolites, with tylophorine, tylophorine B, tylophorinine, and tylophorinidine being the predominant metabolites. The cytotoxicity of the extract of T. indica was evaluated on HepG2 and MCF-7 cell lines, yielding inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of 75.71 μg/mL and 69.60 μg/mL, respectively. Data suggested that the phytochemical screening clearly showed presence of numerous secondary metabolites with moderate cytotoxic efficacy. In conclusion, the future prospects of T. indica appear promising for the advancement of phytopharmaceutical-based anticancer medications, as well as for the design of contemporary pharmaceuticals in the field of cancer chemotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Adnan Kausar
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Ha'il, Hail 81411, Saudi Arabia; Medical and Diagnostic Research Centre, University of Ha'il, Hail 55473, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Shabana Parveen
- Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Okhla, New Delhi 110025, India.
| | - Sadaf Anwar
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Ha'il, Hail 81411, Saudi Arabia; Medical and Diagnostic Research Centre, University of Ha'il, Hail 55473, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Sadaf
- Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia, Okhla, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Sheersh Massey
- Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Okhla, New Delhi 110025, India.
| | - Hemat El-Sayed El-Horany
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Ha'il, Hail 81411, Saudi Arabia; Medical and Diagnostic Research Centre, University of Ha'il, Hail 55473, Saudi Arabia; Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Egypt.
| | - Farida Habib Khan
- Medical and Diagnostic Research Centre, University of Ha'il, Hail 55473, Saudi Arabia; Department of Community and Family Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Ha'il, Hail 81411, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mona Shahein
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Ha'il, Hail 81411, Saudi Arabia
| | - Syed Akhtar Husain
- Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Okhla, New Delhi 110025, India.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Abu-Izneid T, Rauf A, Naz S, Ibrahim M, Muhammad N, Wadood A, Ajmal A, Hemeg HA, Fahad S, Thiruvengadam M, Venkidasamy B. In vivo biological screening of extract and bioactive compound from Ficus benghalensis L. and their in silico molecular docking analysis. Technol Health Care 2024:THC231703. [PMID: 39031400 DOI: 10.3233/thc-231703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ficus benghalensis has been used by local health care practitioners to treat pain, inflammation, rheumatism, and other health issues. OBJECTIVE In this study, the crude extract and diverse fractions, along with the isolated compound of F. benghalensis were examined for their roles as muscle relaxants, analgesics, and sedatives. METHODS The extract and isolated compound 1 were screened for muscle-relaxant, analgesic, and sedative actions. The acetic acid-mediated writhing model was utilized for analgesic assessment, the muscle relaxant potential was quantified through traction and inclined plan tests, and the open field test was applied for sedative effects. RESULTS The extract/fractions (25, 50, and 100 mg/kg) and isolated compounds (2.5, 5, 10, and 20 mg/kg) were tested at various doses. A profound (p< 0.001) reduce in the acetic acid-mediated writhing model was observed against carpachromene (64.44%), followed by ethyl acetate (60.67%) and methanol (58.42%) fractions. A marked (p< 0.001) muscle relaxant activity was noticed against the isolated compound (71.09%), followed by ethyl acetate (66.98%) and methanol (67.10%) fractions. Regarding the sedative effect, a significant action was noted against the isolated compound (71.09%), followed by ethyl acetate (66.98%) and methanol (67.10%) fractions. Furthermore, the binding modes of the isolated compounds were explored using molecular docking. The molecular docking study revealed that the isolated compound possessed good binding affinity for COX2 and GABA. Our isolated compound may possess inhibitory activity against COX2 and GABA receptors. CONCLUSION The extract and isolated compounds of Ficus benghalensis can be used as analgesics, muscle relaxants, and sedatives. However, detailed molecular and functional analyses are essential to ascertain their function as muscle relaxants, analgesics, and sedatives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tareq Abu-Izneid
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Program, College of Pharmacy, Al Ain University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Abdur Rauf
- Department of Chemistry, University of Swabi, Ambar, Pakistan
| | - Saima Naz
- Institute of Biotechnology and Microbiology, Bacha Khan University Charsadda, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ibrahim
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Program, College of Pharmacy, Al Ain University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Naveed Muhammad
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Wadood
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Amar Ajmal
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Hassan A Hemeg
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Al-Medinah, Al-Monawara, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shah Fahad
- Department of Agronomy, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Muthu Thiruvengadam
- Department of Crop Science, College of Sanghuh Life Science, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Baskar Venkidasamy
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Kim J, Lee D. The Natural Ficus carica L. (fig) Extract as an Effective Prophylactic Antibacterial Agent for Inflammation-Related Infections. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:2356. [PMID: 38137957 PMCID: PMC10744453 DOI: 10.3390/life13122356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) is a multidrug-resistance Gram-negative organism responsible for carbapenem-resistant infections. These challenges have inspired studies on the use of natural products as alternatives to conventional drugs. The aim of this study was to analyze the antibacterial and antioxidant effects of Ficus carica L. (fig) branch extracts and to perform in vivo animal experiments to better understand the absorption mechanisms of the antibacterial components during the digestion process after oral administration. The antibacterial components of the fig branch extracts were analyzed via gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). An in vivo animal study and liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-QQQ-MS/MS) analyses were performed to analyze the deacetylation reactions of the fig extracts after oral administration in mice. Ultimately, the antibacterial effects of the fig extracts increased with the fractional distillation time. The fig extracts showed excellent antibacterial effects against K. pneumoniae, as well as Escherichia coli (E. coli), Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa). The three antibacterial and antioxidant components of the fig extracts were revealed to be eugenol, acetyleugenol, and psoralen. Interestingly, in this study, we identified acetyleugenol in the phenolic compounds of the fig extract for the first time. Through in vivo animal testing, we observed the deacetylation reaction of acetyleugenol to eugenol in the fig extract as digestion proceeded in the internal organs of the mice after oral administration. The results of this study suggest the use of natural fig extract as an effective therapeutic and prophylactic antibacterial agent for inflammation-related infections with a wide variety of biomedical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junyoung Kim
- Department of Bio-Nano System Engineering, College of Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 53896, Republic of Korea;
| | - Donghwan Lee
- Division of Mechanical Design Engineering, College of Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 53896, Republic of Korea
- Hemorheology Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ko CY, Wu CH, Nguyen TKN, Chen LW, Wu JSB, Huang WC, Shen SC. Alleviative Effect of Ficus formosana Extract on Peripheral Neuropathy in Ovariectomized Diabetic Mice. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3774. [PMID: 37960130 PMCID: PMC10649879 DOI: 10.3390/plants12213774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
In diabetes mellitus, Ficus formosana has been reported to ameliorate blood sugar levels and inhibit inflammation through its polyphenol and flavonoid contents. However, its effect on diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) remains unknown. This study aimed to investigate the effect of Ficus formosana extract (FFE) on DPN in ovariectomized diabetic mice. Ovariectomized female C57BL/6J mice fed a high-fat diet plus streptozotocin injections to induce type 2 diabetes were orally administered FEE at 20 or 200 mg/kg BW daily, for 6 weeks. To evaluate the pain responses in the paws of the mice, a von Frey filament test and a thermal hyperalgesia test were performed. Additionally, the intraepidermal and sciatic nerve sections were examined, along with an assessment of inflammation- and pain response-related mRNA expression in the paws of the mice. The results showed that the oral administration of both 20 and 200 mg/kg BW FEE significantly alleviated the hypersensitivity of the paw and the abnormal proliferation and rupture of the C fiber, and reduced the mRNA expression of interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, interferon-γ, cyclooxygenase-2, and voltage-gated sodium channel 1.8 in the sciatic nerve of ovariectomized diabetic mice. We propose that FFE ameliorates peripheral neuropathy by suppressing oxidative damage in ovariectomized diabetic mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Yuan Ko
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou 362000, China;
- School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
- School of Medical Technology and Engineering, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Chung-Hsin Wu
- School of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan;
| | - Thi Kim Ngan Nguyen
- Graduate Program of Nutrition Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan; (T.K.N.N.); (L.-W.C.)
| | - Li-Wen Chen
- Graduate Program of Nutrition Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan; (T.K.N.N.); (L.-W.C.)
| | - James Swi-Bea Wu
- Graduate Institute of Food Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan;
| | - Wen-Chung Huang
- Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan 33303, Taiwan;
| | - Szu-Chuan Shen
- Graduate Program of Nutrition Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan; (T.K.N.N.); (L.-W.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Bakry SM, Aboul Naser AF, El Negoumy SIM, Kassem MES, Meselhy MR, Abdel-Sattar E. Comparative LC-MS/MS-based molecular networking, DNA fingerprinting, and in vitro anti-Helicobacter pylori activity of three Egyptian Ficus cultivars. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2023; 235:115620. [PMID: 37557066 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2023.115620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
Ficus species (Moraceae) have been used for nutrition and traditional medicine, and plants from this family are phytochemically abundant and serve as a potential source of natural products. As a result of the inherent complexity of the plant metabolomes and the fact that these Ficus species chemical space has not yet been fully decoded, it is still difficult to characterize their phytochemistry. Therefore, this study, we suggest the use of the molecular networking to elucidate the chemical classes existing in leaves of three Ficus species (F. deltoidei Jack, F. drupacea Thunb and F. sycomorus L.) and highlight the importance of molecular networking in examining their chemotaxonomy . By using computational tools, 90 metabolites were annotated , including phenolic acids, flavonoids, furanocoumarins, fatty acids and terpenoids. Phenolic acids were detected as the main class present in the three studied species. Flavonoids-C-glycosides, flavonoids-O-glycosides and isoflavonoids were mainly present in F. drupacea and F. sycomorus, while furanocoumarins were proposed in F. sycomorus. Vomifoliol-based sesquiterpenes were proposed in F. deltoidei. The chemotaxonomic differentiation agreed with the DNA fingerprinting using SCOT and ISSR markers. F. deltoidei, in particular, had a divergent chemical fingerprint as well as a different genotype. Chemotype differentiation using chemical fingerprints, in conjunction with the proposed genetic markers, creates an effective identification tool for the quality control of the raw materials and products derived from those three Ficus species. As well, F. drupacea exploited the most potent inhibition of H. pylori with MIC of 7.81 µg/ mL compared with clarithromycin. Overall, molecular networking provides a promising approach for the exploration of the chemical space of plant metabolomes and the elucidation of chemotaxonomy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sherien M Bakry
- Phytochemistry and Plant Systematics Department, National Research Centre (NRC), 33 El Bohouth St., Dokki, 12622 Giza, Egypt
| | - Asmaa F Aboul Naser
- Therapeutic Chemistry Department, National Research Centre (NRC), 33 El Bohouth St., Dokki, 12622 Giza, Egypt
| | - Sabry I M El Negoumy
- Phytochemistry and Plant Systematics Department, National Research Centre (NRC), 33 El Bohouth St., Dokki, 12622 Giza, Egypt
| | - Mona E S Kassem
- Phytochemistry and Plant Systematics Department, National Research Centre (NRC), 33 El Bohouth St., Dokki, 12622 Giza, Egypt
| | - Meselhy R Meselhy
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, 11562 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Essam Abdel-Sattar
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, 11562 Cairo, Egypt.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Bai LY, Wu KLH, Chiu CF, Chao HC, Lin WY, Hu JL, Peng BR, Weng JR. Extract of Ficus septica modulates apoptosis and migration in human oral squamous cell carcinoma cells. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2023; 38:666-675. [PMID: 36436203 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
According to the alarming statistical analysis of global cancer, there are over 19 million new diagnoses and more than 10 million deaths each year. One such cancer is the oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), which requires new therapeutic strategies. Ficus septica extract has been used in traditional medicine to treat infectious diseases. In this study, we examined the anti-proliferative effects of an extract of F. septica bark (FSB) in OSCC cells. Our results showed that FSB caused a concentration-dependent reduction in the viability of SCC2095 OSCC cells, as determined by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assays, and was less sensitive to fibroblasts. In addition, FSB induced apoptosis by activating caspases, accompanied by the modulation of Akt/mTOR/NF-κB and mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling. Moreover, FSB increased reactive oxygen species generation in a concentration-dependent manner in SCC2095 cells. Furthermore, FSB inhibited cell migration and modulated the levels of the cell adhesion molecules including E-cadherin, N-cadherin, and Snail in SCC2095 cells. Pinoresinol, a lignan isolated from FSB, showed antitumor effects in SCC2095 cells, implying that this compound might play an important role in FSB-induced OSCC cell death. Taken together, FSB is a potential anti-tumor agent against OSCC cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li-Yuan Bai
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Kay Li-Hui Wu
- Institute of Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Fang Chiu
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Cancer Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Chu Chao
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Yu Lin
- Department of Pharmacy, Kinmen Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Kinmen, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Lan Hu
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Bo-Rong Peng
- Doctoral Degree Program in Marine Biotechnology, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- National Museum of Marine Biology & Aquarium, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Ru Weng
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Doctoral Degree Program in Marine Biotechnology, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Potential role of plant polysaccharides as immunostimulants in aquaculture: a review. ANNALS OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2023. [DOI: 10.2478/aoas-2022-0096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Aquaculture is one of the primary food-producing sectors in the world that ensures human nourishment. However, aqua farmers are facing serious problems due to disease out breaks and development of antimicrobial resistance. Until now, chemical or antibiotic based strategies has been applied to control disease related concern in aquaculture. Frequent usage of antibiotics in feed or usage of disinfectant to overcome the disease may end up with negative impacts to the environment and human. Utilization of plant derived polysaccharides has been drastically increased due to their effective roles and could serve as a best replacement for chemical agents and antibiotics. In addition, plant derived compounds and plant extracts was utilized to improve the immunity, intestinal health and growth performance of aquaculturable organisms. In addition, large number of plant-based polysaccharides was utilized as immunostimulants in aquaculture. Hence, this review aims to highlight the multifunctional properties of plant-based polysaccharides in aquaculture. Moreover, advantages and different concentration of plant polysaccharides as a feed additives in aquaculture sector has been discussed herein.
Collapse
|
9
|
Industrial Application and Health Prospective of Fig ( Ficus carica) By-Products. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28030960. [PMID: 36770628 PMCID: PMC9919570 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28030960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The current review was carried out on the industrial application of fig by-products and their role against chronic disorders. Fig is basically belonging to fruit and is botanically called Ficus carica. There are different parts of fig, including the leaves, fruits, seeds and latex. The fig parts are a rich source of bioactive compounds and phytochemicals including antioxidants, phenolic compounds, polyunsaturated fatty acids, phytosterols and vitamins. These different parts of fig are used in different food industries such as the bakery, dairy and beverage industries. Fig by-products are used in extract or powder form to value the addition of different food products for the purpose of improving the nutritional value and enhancing the stability. Fig by-products are additive-based products which contain high phytochemicals fatty acids, polyphenols and antioxidants. Due to the high bioactive compounds, these products performed a vital role against various diseases including cancer, diabetes, constipation, cardiovascular disease (CVD) and the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). Concussively, fig-based food products may be important for human beings and produce healthy food.
Collapse
|
10
|
Enzyme Inhibitory Activities of Extracts and Carpachromene from the Stem of Ficus benghalensis. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:7053655. [PMID: 36582600 PMCID: PMC9794428 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7053655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Ficus benghalensis is one of the potential medicinal plants which is used locally for the treatment of various ailments such as diabetes, antiasthmatic, and wound healing. To provide a scientific background to these folklores, the current study was designed to evaluate the extract and isolated compound against various enzymes such as ureases, tyrosinase, and phosphodiesterase. The methanolic extract and carpachromene demonstrated a significant urease inhibition effect with maximum percent inhibition of 72.09 and 92.87%, respectively. Regarding the tyrosinase inhibition, the percent antagonist effect of carpachromene and the methanolic extract was 84.80 and 70.98%, respectively. The phosphodiesterase was also significantly antagonized by crude extract and carpachromene with a maximum percent inhibition of 82.98% and 89.54%, respectively. The docking study demonstrated that the carpachromene fits well into the active site of all three enzymes with significant interactions. Carpachromene might possess the potential to inhibit all three enzymes and can effectively treat different diseases associated with the hyperactivity of these enzymes. In conclusion, the crude extract and carpachromene exhibit significant urease, tyrosinase, and phosphodiesterase inhibitory activity which might be used against various diseases. In conclusion, the crude extract and carpachromene exhibit significant urease, tyrosinase, and phosphodiesterase inhibitory activity which might be used against diabetes and bronchoconstriction. Further, the current study provides scientific backup to the folklore (antidiabetic and antiasthmatic) of Ficus benghalensis.
Collapse
|
11
|
Kebal L, Pokajewicz K, Djebli N, Mostefa N, Poliwoda A, Wieczorek PP. HPLC-DAD profile of phenolic compounds and In vitro antioxidant activity of Ficus carica L. fruits from two Algerian varieties. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 155:113738. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
|
12
|
Cayetano-Salazar L, de la Cruz-Concepción B, Navarro-Tito N, Álvarez-Fitz P, Leyva-Vázquez MA, Acevedo-Quiroz M, Zacapala-Gómez AE, Ortuño-Pineda C, Martinez-Carrillo DN, Castañeda-Saucedo E, García-Hernández AP, Mendoza-Catalán MA. Ficus crocata leaf extracts decrease the proliferation and invasiveness of breast cancer cells. Heliyon 2022; 8:e11405. [DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
|
13
|
Figs (Ficus carica L.) Used as Raw Material for Obtaining Alcoholic Fermented Beverages. BEVERAGES 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/beverages8040060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The fig tree is one of the oldest species cultivated by mankind. In spite of having high nutraceutical value and a pleasant taste, the fig is not a widely cultivated fruit. Furthermore, figs are extremely perishable, therefore they are usually sold as dried fruits rather than fresh. To harness this valuable fruit, other derived products should also be considered. For instance, the production of alcoholic beverages fermented from figs comes in response to the interest of producers to capitalize on these fruits in other ways than as fresh or dried fruit or jam. The present research focuses on the possibility of obtaining marketable fermented beverages made from three fig varieties cultivated in southwestern Romania. The aim of the study was to provide an optimized technological process for the production of alcoholic beverages fermented from fresh figs and to assess their quality and acceptability. The products were obtained in triplicate from each fig variety and their quality was assessed by determining their main chemical parameters, as well as their sensory properties. This research provided valuable information regarding the technological process to be applied for fig fermented beverages, processes which can still be further refined to better meet the consumer demand.
Collapse
|
14
|
Dutta R, Bhattacharya E, Pramanik A, Hughes TA, Mandal Biswas S. Potent nutraceuticals having antioxidant, DNA damage protecting potential and anti-cancer properties from the leaves of four Ficus species. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2022.102461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
15
|
Fig “Ficus carica L.” and its by-products: A decade evidence of their health-promoting benefits towards the development of novel food formulations. Trends Food Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2022.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
|
16
|
Kumari M, Kumar V, Kaur R, Kumar S, Sharma R. Process Optimization for the Development of Nutritionally Enhanced Nuggets using Ficus geniculata: A Nutritional Approach. PLANT FOODS FOR HUMAN NUTRITION (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2022; 77:241-249. [PMID: 35583708 DOI: 10.1007/s11130-022-00967-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Ficus geniculata (FG) is one of the underutilized fig species in India and throughout the world. However, the different parts of the plant have numerous phytochemicals and have the potential to boom the functional food as well as the pharmaceutical food industry. The plant is still unexplored and needs the attention of researchers and industrialists for its value addition. Therefore, in the present investigation, different parts (shoot, leaves and bark) of FG were exploited and leaves were selected based on physicochemical and phytochemical analysis for nugget supplementation. The FG leaves powder incorporated nuggets were prepared using different variables: FG (0 to 50%), salt (0.07 to 0.92%), and black pepper (0.079 to 0.92%) along with black gram as filler to make it 100%. The optimum conditions for the production of supplemented nuggets were having 0.82 desirability. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) also confirms the retention of bioactive compounds in the nuggets. No remarkable clustering was observed, which indicating the significant (p ≤ 0.05) effect of all the variables on the quality attributes of the supplement nuggets. Thus the developed conditions will be useful for the nugget industry and also may be a good alternative to the vegetarian people.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Madhu Kumari
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, School of Agriculture, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, 144411, India
| | - Vikas Kumar
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Punjab Agricultural University, Punjab, 141004, Ludhiana, India.
| | - Ramandeep Kaur
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Punjab Agricultural University, Punjab, 141004, Ludhiana, India
| | - Satish Kumar
- College of Horticulture and Forestry, Thunag, Mandi, Dr. YS Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, 173230, India.
| | - Rakesh Sharma
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Dr. YS Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, 173230, India
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Huang Y, Li J, Yang Z, An W, Xie C, Liu S, Zheng X. Comprehensive analysis of complete chloroplast genome and phylogenetic aspects of ten Ficus species. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 22:253. [PMID: 35606691 PMCID: PMC9125854 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-022-03643-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The large genus Ficus comprises approximately 800 species, most of which possess high ornamental and ecological values. However, its evolutionary history remains largely unknown. Plastome (chloroplast genome) analysis had become an essential tool for species identification and for unveiling evolutionary relationships between species, genus and other rank groups. In this work we present the plastomes of ten Ficus species. RESULTS The complete chloroplast (CP) genomes of eleven Ficus specimens belonging to ten species were determined and analysed. The full length of the Ficus plastome was nearly 160 kbp with a similar overall GC content, ranging from 35.88 to 36.02%. A total of 114 unique genes, distributed in 80 protein-coding genes, 30 tRNAs, and 4 rRNAs, were annotated in each of the Ficus CP genome. In addition, these CP genomes showed variation in their inverted repeat regions (IR). Tandem repeats and mononucleotide simple sequence repeat (SSR) are widely distributed across the Ficus CP genome. Comparative genome analysis showed low sequence variability. In addition, eight variable regions to be used as potential molecular markers were proposed for future Ficus species identification. According to the phylogenetic analysis, these ten Ficus species were clustered together and further divided into three clades based on different subgenera. Simultaneously, it also showed the relatedness between Ficus and Morus. CONCLUSION The chloroplast genome structure of 10 Ficus species was similar to that of other angiosperms, with a typical four-part structure. Chloroplast genome sizes vary slightly due to expansion and contraction of the IR region. And the variation of noncoding regions of the chloroplast genome is larger than that of coding regions. Phylogenetic analysis showed that these eleven sampled CP genomes were divided into three clades, clustered with species from subgenus Urostigma, Sycomorus, and Ficus, respectively. These results support the Berg classification system, in which the subgenus Ficus was further decomposed into the subgenus Sycomorus. In general, the sequencing and analysis of Ficus plastomes, especially the ones of species with no or limited sequences available yet, contribute to the study of genetic diversity and species evolution of Ficus, while providing useful information for taxonomic and phylogenetic studies of Ficus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuying Huang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Physiology and Ecology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 232th Waihuangdong Road, Higher Education Mega Center, Panyu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jing Li
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Gynecology Laboratory in Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510410, China
| | - Zerui Yang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Physiology and Ecology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 232th Waihuangdong Road, Higher Education Mega Center, Panyu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wenli An
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Physiology and Ecology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 232th Waihuangdong Road, Higher Education Mega Center, Panyu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Chunzhu Xie
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Physiology and Ecology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 232th Waihuangdong Road, Higher Education Mega Center, Panyu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shanshan Liu
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Physiology and Ecology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 232th Waihuangdong Road, Higher Education Mega Center, Panyu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiasheng Zheng
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Physiology and Ecology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 232th Waihuangdong Road, Higher Education Mega Center, Panyu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Development of Ficus carica Linn leaves extract incorporated chitosan films for active food packaging materials and investigation of their properties. FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2021.101542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
19
|
Balde E, Traoré M, Balde M, Baldé A, Bah F, Camara A, Kéita S, Baldé A. Traditional Guinean management of breast diseases in low and Middle Guinea. J Herb Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hermed.2021.100520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
|
20
|
A novel approach for synchronous transformation and extraction of psoralen from fig (Ficus carica L.) leaves based on polarity of different macroporous adsorption resins. Chem Eng Res Des 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2021.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
|
21
|
Nemiche S, Ait Hamadouche N, Nemmiche S, Fauconnier ML, Tou A. Ameliorative or corrective effects of Fig “Ficus carica” extract on nickel-induced hepatotoxicity in Wistar rats. Toxicol Res 2022; 38:311-321. [DOI: 10.1007/s43188-021-00118-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 11/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
|
22
|
Khademvatan S, Amani S, Mohebodini M, Jafari M, Kumar V. Ficus carica hairy roots: In vitro anti-leishmanial activity against Leishmania major promastigotes and amastigotes. ASIAN PAC J TROP MED 2022. [DOI: 10.4103/1995-7645.345945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
|
23
|
WANG S, SONG L, LI J, YANG R, ZHAI J, ZHANG H, LIANG Y, ZHOU W, CUI Z, QIAN X, ZHAO Y. Optimization of ultrasonic-assisted extraction of polysaccharide from fig leaves and its antioxidant activity. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/fst.77922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuyan WANG
- Henan Institute of Science and Technology, China; Key Laboratory of Aquatic Products Processing and Safety Control, China
| | - Linxuan SONG
- Henan Institute of Science and Technology, China; Key Laboratory of Aquatic Products Processing and Safety Control, China
| | - Jinlu LI
- Henan Institute of Science and Technology, China; Key Laboratory of Aquatic Products Processing and Safety Control, China
| | - Runmiao YANG
- Henan Institute of Science and Technology, China; Key Laboratory of Aquatic Products Processing and Safety Control, China
| | - Junying ZHAI
- Henan Institute of Science and Technology, China; Key Laboratory of Aquatic Products Processing and Safety Control, China
| | - Hao ZHANG
- Henan Institute of Science and Technology, China; Key Laboratory of Aquatic Products Processing and Safety Control, China
| | - Yalong LIANG
- Henan Institute of Science and Technology, China; Key Laboratory of Aquatic Products Processing and Safety Control, China
| | - Wei ZHOU
- Henan Institute of Science and Technology, China; Key Laboratory of Aquatic Products Processing and Safety Control, China
| | - Zhenkun CUI
- Henan Institute of Science and Technology, China; Key Laboratory of Aquatic Products Processing and Safety Control, China
| | - Xiaoyan QIAN
- Henan Institute of Science and Technology, China; Key Laboratory of Aquatic Products Processing and Safety Control, China
| | - Yanyan ZHAO
- Henan Institute of Science and Technology, China; Key Laboratory of Aquatic Products Processing and Safety Control, China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Din AU, Khan M, Shah MZ, Rauf A, Rashid U, Khalil AA, Zaman K, Al-Awthan YS, Al-Duais MA, Bahattab O, Mujawah AA, Muhammad N. Antidiabetic Activity of Ficusonolide, a Triterpene Lactone from Ficus foveolata (Wall. ex Miq.): In Vitro, In Vivo, and In Silico Approaches. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:27351-27357. [PMID: 34693155 PMCID: PMC8529651 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c04230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes is a chronic condition which is locally managed through the stem of Ficus foveolata. To find the exact chemical constituent responsible for this activity, a triterpene lactone (ficusonolide) isolated from F. foveolata was studied for antidiabetic potential through the in vitro antidiabetic paradigm employing L-6 cells and an in vivo antidiabetic assay against non-insulin-dependent rats. The results on glucose uptake in the L-6 cell line indicated that ficusonolide has enhanced the uptake of glucose by 53.27% over control at a dose of 100 μg/mL, while at doses of 50 and 25 μg/mL, the glucose uptake was enhanced by 22.42 and 14.34%, respectively. The extract of F. foveolata (100 mg/kg) and ficusonolide (50 mg/kg) demonstrated a significant (p < 0.001) decline in streptozotocin-induced hyperglycemia of diabetic rats. Ficusonolide displayed conspicuous inhibitory activity against the molecular docking studies with proteins such as dipeptidyl peptidase-IV (DPP-IV), protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP-1B), α-glucosidase, and α-amylase subjected to molecular targets. Detailed computational and structural insights affirmed promising interactions between target proteins and ficusonolide. In conclusion, the plant and its isolated compound have significant antidiabetic activity with a possible mechanism of interaction with DPP-IV, PTP-1B, α-glucosidase, and α-amylase.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ala Ud Din
- Department
of Chemistry, Bacha Khan University Charsadda, Charsadda 24420, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Maria Khan
- Department
of Chemistry, Bacha Khan University Charsadda, Charsadda 24420, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zahir Shah
- Key
Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Fucntional Molecule, North West University, Xian 710127, P.
R. China
| | - Abdur Rauf
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Swabi, Anbar 23430, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Umer Rashid
- Department
of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan
| | - Anees Ahmed Khalil
- University
Institute of Diet and Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health
Sciences, The University of Lahore, 54590 Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Khair Zaman
- Department
of Chemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan 23200, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Yahya S. Al-Awthan
- Department
of Biology, Faculty of Science, University
of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia
- Department
of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ibb University, Ibb 70270, Yemen
| | - Mohammed A. Al-Duais
- Department
of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University
of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia
- Biochemistry
Unit, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ibb University, Ibb 70270, Yeme
| | - Omar Bahattab
- Department
of Biology, Faculty of Science, University
of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | - Adil A.H. Mujawah
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Science and Arts, Qassim University, Ar Rass 51921, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naveed Muhammad
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul
Wali Khan
University, Mardan 23200, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
The Attractant Bioactivity Test of Semi-Polar Fraction of the Datuan Stem Bark (Ficus vasculosa Wall. Ex Miq) against Warehouse Pest (Sitophilus oryzae L.). JOURNAL OF PURE AND APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.22207/jpam.15.4.35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Bioactive isolation was performed on the stem bark of Datuan (Ficus vasculosa Wall. Ex Miq), and extraction was carried out via the maceration method using acetone as a solvent. Furthermore, an attractant bioactivity test was conducted on acetone extract, A-G fraction, and composition of the isolates. The separation and purification via column chromatography produced a D8.3.5.7 fraction in the form of needle crystal of about 50 mg, at a melting point of 136°C–138.7°C. Thin-layer chromatography (TLC) analysis showed a single spot at an Rf value of 0.57 (n-hexane eluent: ethyl acetate 7:3), 0.36 (DCM eluent), and 0.24 (CHCl3 eluent). The isolated compounds were identified using infrared and UV–Vis spectrophotometry, as well as mass spectrometry. The characterization of the infrared spectrum of the isolated compound showed a strong OH goo band at 3461 cm-1 region and the absorption band at 2936.25 cm-1 exhibited a stretch of CH alkanes. These two bands are supported by the vibration at 1378.47 and 1462.55 cm-1 for CH absorption of methyl and methylene. The absorption band in the 1622 cm-1 region showed a stretch of conjugated C=C double bond, which is supported by absorption at 918.96 and 966.22 cm-1 as C–H alkene. The UV–Vis spectrophotometry showed absorption at λmax 263.97 nm A = 0.483, which was the result of electronic transition π → π*, and at λ 331.0 nm A = 0.274, which was an electronic result of n → π*. Meanwhile, identification via mass spectrometry that produces isolate has a molecular weight of 414.1 m/e with the formula C29H50O. Therefore, the bioactivity test results on compound D8.3.5.7 had an attractant activity of 71.67% against warehouse pests (Sitophilus oryzae L.) and an interest index of 0.63.
Collapse
|
26
|
Yilmaz P, Demirhan E, Özbek B. Microwave drying effect on drying characteristic and energy consumption of
Ficus carica
Linn leaves. J FOOD PROCESS ENG 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpe.13831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Pelin Yilmaz
- Chemical Engineering Department Yildiz Technical University, Davutpasa Campus Istanbul Turkey
| | - Elcin Demirhan
- Chemical Engineering Department Yildiz Technical University, Davutpasa Campus Istanbul Turkey
| | - Belma Özbek
- Chemical Engineering Department Yildiz Technical University, Davutpasa Campus Istanbul Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Khairunisa SQ, Indriati DW, Tumewu L, Widyawaruyanti A, Nasronudin N. Screening of anti-HIV activities in ethanol extract and fractions from Ficus fistulosa leaves. J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol 2021; 32:737-742. [PMID: 34214379 DOI: 10.1515/jbcpp-2020-0413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is considered as a major immunosuppressive disease linked to malignancies and other opportunistic infections. Recently, the high prevalence of HIV drug-resistant strains required a high demand for novel antiviral drug development, especially in herbal medicine approaches. The objective of this study was to evaluate the possibility of Ficus fistulosa leaves can inhibit HIV replication in ethanol extract form as well as its fractions using chloroform, ethyl acetate, and butanol solvents. METHODS F. fistulosa leaves were extracted using ethanol as a solvent and further gradually fractionated in chloroform, ethyl acetate, and butanol solvents. The targeted persistently infected virus (MT4/HIV) cell lines were cocultured with ethanol extract and fractions at different time points. The syncytium formation and cytotoxicity assays were performed to evaluate the potential antiviral activity of F. fistulosa leaves. RESULTS One of the four tested extract/fractions showed antiviral activity against HIV. The ethanol extract showed weak inhibition with a high level of toxicity (IC50 = 8.96 μg/mL, CC50 ≥50 μg/mL, and SI = 5.58). Meanwhile, chloroform fraction effectively inhibited the MT4/HIV cell proliferation while keeping the toxicity to a minimal level (IC50 = 3.27 μg/mL, CC50 = 29.30 μg/mL, and SI = 8.96). In contrast of ethyl acetate fraction and butanol fraction showed no anti HIV activity with a high level of toxicity (CC50 ≥50 μg/mL) and low SI value (>2.17 μg/mL and >0.97 μg/mL). CONCLUSIONS Chloroform fraction of F. fistulosa leaves showed effectively as anti-viral activity against MT4/HIV cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Dwi Wahyu Indriati
- HIV Study Group, Institute of Tropical Disease, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia.,Departement of Health, Faculty of Vocational Studies, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Lidya Tumewu
- Natural Product Medicine Research and Development, Institute of Tropical Disease, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Aty Widyawaruyanti
- Natural Product Medicine Research and Development, Institute of Tropical Disease, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Nasronudin Nasronudin
- HIV Study Group, Institute of Tropical Disease, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia.,Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia.,Airlangga University Hospital, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Yao J, Wang Z, Wang R, Wang Y, Xu J, He X. Anti-proliferative and anti-inflammatory prenylated isoflavones and coumaronochromones from the fruits of Ficus altissima. Bioorg Chem 2021; 113:104996. [PMID: 34038794 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.104996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2021] [Revised: 04/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Ficus altissima, an evergreen arbor belonging to the Moraceae family, is mainly cultivated in the tropics and subtropics of South and Southeast Asia with the characteristic of exuberant vitality and luxuriant foliage. In this article, four new prenylated isoflavones (1-4), along with ten previously described isoflavones (5-14) and two known prenylated coumaronochromones (15 and 16) were firstly obtained from the fruits of F. altissima. Their structures were identified by various spectroscopic techniques including specific optical rotation, HR-ESI-MS and NMR. The isolated products were evaluated for their anti-proliferative activities against three human tumor cell lines (HepG2, MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231) through MTT assay. Compounds 2, 3 and 16 exhibited obvious anti-proliferative activities against MDA-MB-231 cell line and compounds 3, 13 and 16 showed effective cytotoxic effects on HepG2 cell line in a concentration-dependent manner, as verified by the colony formation assay, cell and nucleus morphological assessment and apoptosis assay. Meanwhile, compounds 5 and 12 exhibited significant inhibition activities on NO production in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cell line compared with positive control indometacin. The phytochemical investigation of the fruits of F. altissima in this study could provide the evidence for the discovery of lead compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiaming Yao
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhe Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Ru Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yihai Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Lead Compounds & Drug Discovery, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Jingwen Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Lead Compounds & Drug Discovery, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xiangjiu He
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Lead Compounds & Drug Discovery, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Tangkawattana S, Sereerak P, Upontain S, Tangkawattana P, Sripa B. Investigation of possible alternate animal reservoir hosts of Opisthorchis viverrini. Acta Trop 2021; 217:105850. [PMID: 33524385 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2021.105850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Chronic opisthorchiasis caused by Opisthorchis viverrini (O. viverrini) adversely affects human health and is associated with a fatal bile duct cancer (cholangiocarcinoma). Although cats and dogs are known animal reservoir hosts of opisthorchiasis, there is limited information about whether other fish-eating animals are fluke reservoirs. Wetlands along Chi River of Thailand have abundant intermediate host snails and fish for O. viverrini and diverse other animal species. This led to our investigation into whether other fish-eating animals can also become infected and be alternate reservoir hosts for human opisthorchiasis. Our preliminary study focused on the O. viverrini infection status of crab-eating or long-tailed macaques roaming in Kosumpi National Forest Park in Chi River Basin, Kosumpisai District of Mahasarakam Province, and rodents, small residential mammals and fish-eating birds living in Lawa wetland complex of Khon Kaen Province. Fecal samples of each animal were collected and modified formalin ether concentration technique was applied to identify infections. Additionally, participatory epidemiology was used to retrieve information from local communities on opisthorchiasis transmission in these animals. No O. viverrini infection was found in any fecal samples suggesting that monkeys, rodents, small residential mammals and birds in these two wetlands probably do not serve as alternate reservoir hosts of O. viverrini.
Collapse
|
30
|
Sohn E, Kim YJ, Kim JH, Jeong SJ. Ficus erecta Thunb Leaves Alleviate Memory Loss Induced by Scopolamine in Mice via Regulation of Oxidative Stress and Cholinergic System. Mol Neurobiol 2021; 58:3665-3676. [PMID: 33797061 PMCID: PMC8280041 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-021-02358-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We examined the neuropharmacological effects of ethanol extract of Ficus erecta Thunb leaves (EEFE) on cognitive dysfunction in a scopolamine (SCO)-induced memory impairment animal model. Memory impairment was measured using the Y-maze test and passive avoidance task (PAT). For 19 days, EEFE (100 or 200 mg/kg) was treated through oral administration. Treatment with EEFE ameliorated memory impairment in behavioral tests, along with significant protection from neuronal oxidative stress and neuronal cell loss in the brain tissues of SCO-injected mice. Antioxidant and neuroprotective effects of EEFE were further confirmed using in vitro assays. Our findings indicate that the mechanisms of neuroprotection and antioxidation of EEFE are regulated by the cholinergic system, promotion of cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) phosphorylation, and the nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/heme oxygenase (HO)-1 signaling activation. The current study proposes that EEFE could be an encouraging plant resource and serve as a potent neuropharmacological drug candidate against neurodegenerative diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eunjin Sohn
- Clinical Medicine Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, 34054, South Korea.
| | - Yu Jin Kim
- Clinical Medicine Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, 34054, South Korea
| | - Joo-Hwan Kim
- Department of Life Science, Gachon University, Seongnam, 21936, South Korea
| | - Soo-Jin Jeong
- Clinical Medicine Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, 34054, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Lee FK, Krishnan P, Muhamad A, Low YY, Kam TS, Ting KN, Lim KH. Concise synthesis of the vasorelaxant alkaloids schwarzinicines A and B. Nat Prod Res 2021; 36:3972-3978. [PMID: 33749454 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2021.1903005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
A concise synthesis of the 1,4-diarylbutanoid-phenethylamine alkaloids, schwarzinicines A (1) and B (2), recently isolated from Ficus schwarzii, is reported. Key steps include a Claisen condensation to assemble the 1,4-diaryl-2-butanone intermediate, followed by a reductive amination to furnish the core skeleton of the target compounds. The overall synthetic yields of 1 and 2 were 9.1% and 3.5%, respectively. Synthetic (-)-1, (+)-1 and (±)-1 exhibited comparable vasorelaxation as natural schwarzinicine A on rat isolated aortic rings, suggesting that the observed vasorelaxant effects were not influenced by the chirality at C-2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fong-Kai Lee
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Semenyih, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Premanand Krishnan
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Semenyih, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Azira Muhamad
- Malaysia Genome Institute, Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Yun-Yee Low
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Toh-Seok Kam
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kang-Nee Ting
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Semenyih, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Kuan-Hon Lim
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Semenyih, Selangor, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Suttisansanee U, Pitchakarn P, Ting P, Inthachat W, Thiyajai P, Rodthayoy D, Karinchai J, Chantarasuwan B, Nuchuchua O, Temviriyanukul P. Health-promoting bioactivity and in vivo genotoxicity evaluation of a hemiepiphyte fig, Ficus dubia. Food Sci Nutr 2021; 9:2269-2279. [PMID: 33841843 PMCID: PMC8020917 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Ficus species have been used as a typical component in food and folk medicine in Asia for centuries. However, little is known regarding the bioactivity and genotoxicity of the recently identified Ficus dubia (FD), an indigenous plant of the tropical evergreen rain forest. FD is unique from other Ficus species because of its highly sought‐after red‐brown latex. Antioxidant properties together with phenolic and flavonoid contents of FD were elucidated. Health‐promoting characteristics were examined by studying the inhibition of enzymes as a drug target for diabetes, hypertension, Alzheimer's disease, and obesity, together with anticancer ability against human colorectal adenocarcinoma, human hepatocellular carcinoma, human ovarian carcinoma, human prostate adenocarcinoma, and human lung carcinoma. Besides, FD genotoxicity was tested using the Drosophila wing spot test. Results showed that both FD root and latex exhibited antioxidant activity due to the presence of phenolics and flavonoids, specifically caffeic acid and cyanidin. The ethanolic fraction of FD root demonstrated a potent antidiabetic mechanism underlying α‐glucosidase inhibitory activity similar to acarbose. This fraction also suppressed lung and ovarian cancer growth, possibly by G1 and G2/M arrest, respectively. All tested fractions lacked mutagenicity in vivo. Results indicated that FD can be developed as novel antidiabetic compounds; however, its bioactive compounds should be further identified.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Uthaiwan Suttisansanee
- Institute of Nutrition Mahidol University Salaya, Phuttamonthon Nakhon Pathom Thailand.,Food and Nutrition Academic and Research Cluster Institute of Nutrition Mahidol University Salaya, Phuttamonthon Nakhon Pathom Thailand
| | - Pornsiri Pitchakarn
- Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Medicine Chiang Mai University Meung Chiang Mai Thailand
| | - Pisamai Ting
- Institute of Nutrition Mahidol University Salaya, Phuttamonthon Nakhon Pathom Thailand
| | - Woorawee Inthachat
- Institute of Nutrition Mahidol University Salaya, Phuttamonthon Nakhon Pathom Thailand.,Food and Nutrition Academic and Research Cluster Institute of Nutrition Mahidol University Salaya, Phuttamonthon Nakhon Pathom Thailand
| | - Parunya Thiyajai
- Institute of Nutrition Mahidol University Salaya, Phuttamonthon Nakhon Pathom Thailand
| | - Daraphan Rodthayoy
- Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Medicine Chiang Mai University Meung Chiang Mai Thailand
| | - Jirarat Karinchai
- Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Medicine Chiang Mai University Meung Chiang Mai Thailand
| | | | - Onanong Nuchuchua
- National Nanotechnology Center (NANOTEC) National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA) Pathum Thani Thailand
| | - Piya Temviriyanukul
- Institute of Nutrition Mahidol University Salaya, Phuttamonthon Nakhon Pathom Thailand.,Food and Nutrition Academic and Research Cluster Institute of Nutrition Mahidol University Salaya, Phuttamonthon Nakhon Pathom Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Grace VMB, B L, Wilson DD. The Effect of Indian Fig Fruit Extract on Human Papilloma Virus containing Cervical Cancer Cells (HeLa) by Decreasing the HPV18 L1 Gene Load. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2021; 22:785-791. [PMID: 33773542 PMCID: PMC8286670 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2021.22.3.785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Global trend is moving towards the use of natural phytochemicals to fight against pathogens. Human cervical cancer is directly associated with onco-potent type of Human Papilloma Virus (HPV). There is no known medicine for clearance of HPV type whose persistence is the cause of occurrence and re-occurrence of cervical cancer. The different species of fig fruit and their latex are reported to have HPV associated genital warts clearance capability. Methods: In the current investigation, the effect of the methanol extract of Ficus benghalensis L. fruits on HPV type18 viral load in HeLa cell line was tested by doing PCR using HPV L1 primers (MY09/My011) and the cytotoxicity was also analysed by MTT assay. The induction of apoptotic activity in terms of DNA fragmentation and hyper-chromic effects of DNA was analysed. Results: The PCR results showed a reduction in the HPV18 DNA and also the treatment exhibited a promising cytotoxicity with IC50 value at 211.86 μg/ml. The DNA samples from treated HeLa cells showed DNA shearing and laddering as a mark of apoptotic DNA fragmentation (Fig. 2) and the UV absorbance value at 260 nm was found to be significantly (P<0.01) higher in the DNA sample treated with fruit extract compared to the untreated DNA sample. Conclusion: The Ficus benghalensis L. fruit extract reduced the HPV viral load in HPV18 containing HeLa cells and showed an effective cytotoxicity on HeLa cell line. It also could induce the apoptotic activity in HeLa cell line and this study results suggest that the Ficus benghalensis L. fruits can be used to fight against cervical carcinoma, acting on HPV load.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- V M Berlin Grace
- Department of Biotechnology & Health Sciences, Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Karunya Nagar, Coimbatore-641 114, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Lydia B
- Department of Biotechnology & Health Sciences, Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Karunya Nagar, Coimbatore-641 114, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - D David Wilson
- School of Science, Arts, Media and Management (SSAMM), Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Karunya Nagar, Coimbatore-641 114, Tamil Nadu, India
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Assessment of genetic diversity of thirty Tunisian fig (Ficus carica L.) accessions using pomological traits and SSR markers. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 48:335-346. [PMID: 33389534 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-06051-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Sixteen pomological traits were employed to characterize the diversity of 30 fig accessions collected mainly from Southeastern Tunisia and maintained at CFPA 'El Gordhab', Tataouine, in Southeastern Tunisia. Additionally, 13 simple sequence repeat (SSR) loci were analyzed to detect the genetic diversity of the 30 fig accessions. In this study, qualitative data (fruit shape, fruit external color, fruit internal color, abscission of the stalk from the twig, skin peeling, fruit skin firmness) showed morphological variation within accessions. A highly significant difference (p < .01) among accessions was revealed for all the quantitative traits. The first three components (PC1, PC2, and PC3) of PCA accounted for 52.99% of the total variability. PC1, PC2, and PC3 accounted respectively for 28.02, 13.05, and 11.91% of the total variance. The most discriminating morphological parameters were fruit length and diameter, stalk length and diameter, neck length and diameter, stalk and flesh thickness, fruit shape, skin peeling, and skin firmness. Concerning the molecular results, 40 alleles were revealed. The number of alleles ranged between 2 to 6 with a mean of 3.08 alleles per locus. The observed heterozygosity (Ho) ranged from 0.03 (LMFC21, LMFC23, and LMFC32) to 0.83 (LMFC30) with an average of 0.43. The expected heterozygosity (He) varied from 0.03 (LMFC21, LMFC 23 and LMFC32) to 0.74 (LMFC30) with an average of 0.37. UPMGA cluster analysis and PCA grouped the accessions in 6 groups. Our results showed that the SSR markers used detected low genetic diversity within the accessions studied.
Collapse
|
35
|
Salehi B, Prakash Mishra A, Nigam M, Karazhan N, Shukla I, Kiełtyka-Dadasiewicz A, Sawicka B, Głowacka A, Abu-Darwish MS, Hussein Tarawneh A, Gadetskaya AV, Cabral C, Salgueiro L, Victoriano M, Martorell M, Docea AO, Abdolshahi A, Calina D, Sharifi-Rad J. Ficus plants: State of the art from a phytochemical, pharmacological, and toxicological perspective. Phytother Res 2020; 35:1187-1217. [PMID: 33025667 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Ficus genus is typically tropical plants and is among the earliest fruit trees cultivated by humans. Ficus carica L. is the common fig, Ficus benjamina L. is the weeping fig, and Ficus pumila L. is the creeping fig. These species are commonly used in traditional medicine for a wide range of diseases and contain rich secondary metabolites that have shown diverse applications. This comprehensive review describes for Ficus genus the phytochemical compounds, traditional uses and contemporary pharmacological activities such as antioxidant, cytotoxic, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, antiulcer, and anticonvulsant. An extended survey of the current literature (Science Direct, Scopus, PubMed) has been carried out as part of the current work. The trends in the phytochemistry, pharmacological mechanisms and activities of Ficus genus are overviewed in this manuscript: antimicrobial, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity, antiseizure and anti-Parkinson's diseases, cytotoxic and antioxidant. Health-promoting effects, recent human clinical studies, safety and adverse effects of Ficus plants also are covered. The medical potential and long-term pharmacotherapeutic use of the genus Ficus along with no serious reported adverse events, suggests that it can be considered as being safe.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bahare Salehi
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Bam University of Medical Sciences, Bam, Iran.,Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Bam University of Medical Sciences, Bam, Iran
| | - Abhay Prakash Mishra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, H. N. B. Garhwal University, Garhwal, India
| | - Manisha Nigam
- Department of Biochemistry, H. N. B. Garhwal University, Garhwal, India
| | - Natallia Karazhan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Pharmaceutical Faculty of the EE VSMU, Vitebsk, Belarus
| | - Ila Shukla
- Pharmacognosy and Ethnopharmacology Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, India
| | - Anna Kiełtyka-Dadasiewicz
- University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Department of Plant Production Technology and Commodity Science, Lublin, Poland
| | - Barbara Sawicka
- University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Department of Plant Production Technology and Commodity Science, Lublin, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Głowacka
- University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Department of Plant Production Technology and Commodity Science, Lublin, Poland
| | - Mohammad Sanad Abu-Darwish
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Aqaba University of Technology, Aqaba, Jordan.,Departments of Basic and Applied Sciences, Al-Balqa Applied University, Al-Salt, Jordan
| | - Amer Hussein Tarawneh
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Tafila Technical University, Tafila, Jordan
| | - Anastassiya V Gadetskaya
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Célia Cabral
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine; CNC.IBILI Consortium & CIBB Consortium, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Centre for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Lígia Salgueiro
- Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Coimbra, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Chemical Process Engineering and Forest Products Research Centre and Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Montserrat Victoriano
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Concepcion, Concepcion, Chile
| | - Miquel Martorell
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Concepcion, Concepcion, Chile.,Unidad de Desarrollo Tecnológico, Universidad de Concepción UDT, Concepcion, Chile
| | - Anca Oana Docea
- Department of Toxicology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Craiova, Romania
| | - Anna Abdolshahi
- Food Safety Research Center (salt), Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Daniela Calina
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Craiova, Romania
| | - Javad Sharifi-Rad
- Phytochemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Facultad de Medicina, Universidad del Azuay, Cuenca, Ecuador
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Choi JH, Park SE, Yeo SH, Kim S. Anti-Inflammatory and Cytotoxicity Effects of Cudrania tricuspidata Fruits Vinegar in a Co-Culture System with RAW264.7 Macrophages and 3T3-L1 Adipocytes. Foods 2020; 9:foods9091232. [PMID: 32899648 PMCID: PMC7554877 DOI: 10.3390/foods9091232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Vinegar has been found to have in vitro improvement effect on inflammatory biomarkers, and clinically used to improve inflammation and obesity-related diseases. This study was designed to analyze in vitro anti-inflammatory effects of Cudrania tricuspidata fruits vinegar (CTFV) in a co-culture system with macrophages and adipocytes. We analyzed the physicochemical properties and polyphenolic ingredients of CTFV, and investigated in vitro anti-inflammatory effects of CTFV in a co-culture system with macrophages and adipocytes. The cells were cultured in the presence of CTFV for 24 h in contact with each other, then, harvested. The levels of monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1, tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), nitric oxide (NO), and interleukin (IL)-6 were evaluated by using the Griess reagent, western blot, or enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay assays. We found that increasing levels for NO, iNOS, TNF-α, IL-6 and MCP-1 were caused by LPS treatment and co-culture using the contact method, whereas CTFV efficaciously attenuated inflammatory response by improving inflammatory parameters including NO, iNOS, TNF-α, IL-6 and MCP-1. The present study indicates that CTFV might provide a nutraceutical product or functional food resource for improving inflammation processed via the interaction of adipocytes and macrophages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Hui Choi
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Gwangju University, Gwangju 503-703, Korea; (J.-H.C.); (S.-E.P.)
| | - Se-Eun Park
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Gwangju University, Gwangju 503-703, Korea; (J.-H.C.); (S.-E.P.)
| | - Soo-Hwan Yeo
- Department of Agro-food Resource, National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA, Suwon 441-853, Korea;
| | - Seung Kim
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Gwangju University, Gwangju 503-703, Korea; (J.-H.C.); (S.-E.P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-62-670-2718; Fax: +82-62-670-2761
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Zou Q, Zhang X, Liu X, Li Y, Tan Q, Dan Q, Yuan T, Liu X, Liu RH, Liu Z. Ficus carica polysaccharide attenuates DSS-induced ulcerative colitis in C57BL/6 mice. Food Funct 2020; 11:6666-6679. [PMID: 32658237 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo01162b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The Ficus carica polysaccharide (FCPS) components of the common fig fruit have been demonstrated to exhibit antioxidant and immunity-enhancing activities. However, it is unclear whether it could prevent the ulcerative colitis development. Here, we reported that 5 week orally administered FCPS (150-300 mg per kg bw) significantly prevented DSS-induced colitis in C57BL/6J mice by improving the colon length and suppressing the infiltration of inflammatory cells in the gut. FCPS treatment protected the goblet cells, elevated the expression of tight junction protein claudin-1, and suppressed the formation of cytokines including TNF-α and IL-1β. FCPS supplementation significantly reformed the gut microbiome by enhancing the abundance of S24-7, Bacteroides, and Coprococus, and suppressing the abundance of Escherichia and Clostridium at the genus level. Consistently, the formation of beneficial microbial metabolites, short chain fatty acids, especially acetate and butyrate, were improved in FCPS-treated colitis mice. The correlation analysis indicated that the protective effects of FCPS on ulcerative colitis might be highly correlated with the microbiota composition changes and the formation of SCFAs. In conclusion, these results indicated that FCPS supplementation could be a promising nutritional strategy for reducing inflammatory bowel disease and the gut microbes play essential roles in providing these beneficial effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qianhui Zou
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Potential enzyme inhibitory properties of extracts and fractions from fruit latex of Ficus carica-based on inhibition of α-amylase and α-glucosidase. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-020-00527-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
|
39
|
Nair ANS, Nair RVR, Nair APR, Nair AS, Thyagarajan S, Johnson AJ, Baby S. Antidiabetes constituents, cycloartenol and 24-methylenecycloartanol, from Ficus krishnae. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0235221. [PMID: 32584888 PMCID: PMC7316276 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0235221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Ficus krishnae stem bark and leaves are used for diabetes treatment in traditional medicines. Stem bark of F. krishnae was sequentially extracted with hexane, methanol and water, and these extracts were tested for their antihyperglyceamic activity by oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in overnight fasted glucose loaded normal rats. Hexane extract showed significant glucose lowering activity in OGTT, and the triterpene alcohols (cycloartenol+24-methylenecycloartanol) (CA+24-MCA) were isolated together from it by activity guided isolation and characterized by NMR and mass spectroscopy. The ratio of the chemical constituents CA and 24-MCA in (CA+24-MCA) was determined as 2.27:1.00 by chemical derivatization and gas chromatographic quantification. (CA+24-MCA) in high fat diet-streptozotocin induced type II diabetic rats showed significant antidiabetes activity at 1 mg/kg and ameliorated derailed blood glucose and other serum biochemical parameters. Cytoprotective activity of (CA+24-MCA) from glucose toxicity was evaluated in cultured RIN-5F cells by MTT assay and fluorescent microscopy. (CA+24-MCA) in in vitro studies showed enhanced cell viability in RIN-5F cells and significant protection of beta cells from glucose toxicity. Both in in vivo and in vitro studies (CA+24-MCA) showed enhancement in insulin release from the beta cells. In short term toxicity studies in mice (CA+24-MCA) did not show any conspicuous toxic symptoms. The combination of the phytosterols (CA+24-MCA) obtained through activity guided isolation of the stem bark of F. krishnae showed significant activity, and therefore is a promising candidate for new generation antidiabetes drug development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ajikumaran Nair Sadasivan Nair
- Phytochemistry and Phytopharmacology Division, Jawaharlal Nehru Tropical Botanic Garden and Research Institute, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - Reshma Vijayakumari Raveendran Nair
- Phytochemistry and Phytopharmacology Division, Jawaharlal Nehru Tropical Botanic Garden and Research Institute, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - Aroma Prasanna Rajendran Nair
- Phytochemistry and Phytopharmacology Division, Jawaharlal Nehru Tropical Botanic Garden and Research Institute, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - Akhila Sasikumar Nair
- Phytochemistry and Phytopharmacology Division, Jawaharlal Nehru Tropical Botanic Garden and Research Institute, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - Sabu Thyagarajan
- Garden Management Division, Jawaharlal Nehru Tropical Botanic Garden and Research Institute, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - Anil John Johnson
- Phytochemistry and Phytopharmacology Division, Jawaharlal Nehru Tropical Botanic Garden and Research Institute, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - Sabulal Baby
- Phytochemistry and Phytopharmacology Division, Jawaharlal Nehru Tropical Botanic Garden and Research Institute, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
- * E-mail: ,
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
López-Rojo N, Pérez J, Pozo J, Basaguren A, Apodaka-Etxebarria U, Correa-Araneda F, Boyero L. Shifts in Key Leaf Litter Traits Can Predict Effects of Plant Diversity Loss on Decomposition in Streams. Ecosystems 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10021-020-00511-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
41
|
Krishnan P, Lee FK, Yap VA, Low YY, Kam TS, Yong KT, Ting KN, Lim KH. Schwarzinicines A-G, 1,4-Diarylbutanoid-Phenethylamine Conjugates from the Leaves of Ficus schwarzii. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2020; 83:152-158. [PMID: 31935094 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.9b01160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Schwarzinicines A-G (1-7), representing the first examples of 1,4-diarylbutanoid-phenethylamine conjugates, were isolated from the leaves of Ficus schwarzii. The structures of these compounds were determined by detailed analysis of their MS, 1D and 2D NMR data. Compounds 1-4 exhibited pronounced vasorelaxant effects in the rat isolated aorta (Emax 106-120%; EC50 0.96-2.10 μM). However, compounds 1 and 2 showed no cytotoxic effects against A549, MCF-7, and HCT 116 human cancer cells (IC50 > 10 μM).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Premanand Krishnan
- School of Pharmacy , University of Nottingham Malaysia , Jalan Broga , 43500 Semenyih , Selangor , Malaysia
| | - Fong-Kai Lee
- School of Pharmacy , University of Nottingham Malaysia , Jalan Broga , 43500 Semenyih , Selangor , Malaysia
| | - Veronica Alicia Yap
- School of Pharmacy , University of Nottingham Malaysia , Jalan Broga , 43500 Semenyih , Selangor , Malaysia
| | - Yun-Yee Low
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science , University of Malaya , 50603 Kuala Lumpur , Malaysia
| | - Toh-Seok Kam
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science , University of Malaya , 50603 Kuala Lumpur , Malaysia
| | - Kien-Thai Yong
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science , University of Malaya , 50603 Kuala Lumpur , Malaysia
| | - Kang-Nee Ting
- School of Pharmacy , University of Nottingham Malaysia , Jalan Broga , 43500 Semenyih , Selangor , Malaysia
| | - Kuan-Hon Lim
- School of Pharmacy , University of Nottingham Malaysia , Jalan Broga , 43500 Semenyih , Selangor , Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Modeling on respiration kinetics and modified atmospheric packaging of fig fruit. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-019-00359-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
43
|
Milošević J, Vrhovac L, Đurković F, Janković B, Malkov S, Lah J, Polović NĐ. Isolation, identification, and stability of Ficin 1c isoform from fig latex. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj02938f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Purified alkaline ficin isoform, identified as Ficin 1c regarding fig transcriptome, shows decreased stability compared to the ficin isoform mixture.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jelica Milošević
- Department of Biochemistry
- University of Belgrade – Faculty of Chemistry
- Belgrade
- Serbia
| | - Lidija Vrhovac
- Department of Biochemistry
- University of Belgrade – Faculty of Chemistry
- Belgrade
- Serbia
| | - Filip Đurković
- Department of Biochemistry
- University of Belgrade – Faculty of Chemistry
- Belgrade
- Serbia
| | - Brankica Janković
- Department of Biochemistry
- University of Belgrade – Faculty of Chemistry
- Belgrade
- Serbia
| | - Saša Malkov
- University of Belgrade – Faculty of Mathematics
- Belgrade
- Serbia
| | - Jurij Lah
- University of Ljubljana
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology
- Ljubljana
- Slovenia
| | - Natalija Đ. Polović
- Department of Biochemistry
- University of Belgrade – Faculty of Chemistry
- Belgrade
- Serbia
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Yáñez-Serrano AM, Mahlau L, Fasbender L, Byron J, Williams J, Kreuzwieser J, Werner C. Heat stress increases the use of cytosolic pyruvate for isoprene biosynthesis. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2019; 70:5827-5838. [PMID: 31396620 PMCID: PMC6812709 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erz353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The increasing occurrence of heatwaves has intensified temperature stress on terrestrial vegetation. Here, we investigate how two contrasting isoprene-emitting tropical species, Ficus benjamina and Pachira aquatica, cope with heat stress and assess the role of internal plant carbon sources for isoprene biosynthesis in relation to thermotolerance. To our knowledge, this is the first study to report isoprene emissions from P. aquatica. We exposed plants to two levels of heat stress and determined the temperature response curves for isoprene and photosynthesis. To assess the use of internal C sources in isoprene biosynthesis, plants were fed with 13C position-labelled pyruvate. F. benjamina was more heat tolerant with higher constitutive isoprene emissions and stronger acclimation to higher temperatures than P. aquatica, which showed higher induced isoprene emissions at elevated temperatures. Under heat stress, both isoprene emissions and the proportion of cytosolic pyruvate allocated into isoprene synthesis increased. This represents a mechanism that P. aquatica, and to a lesser extent F. benjamina, has adopted as an immediate response to sudden increase in heat stress. However, in the long run under prolonged heat, the species with constitutive emissions (F. benjamina) was better adapted, indicating that plants that invest more carbon into protective emissions of biogenic volatile organic compounds tend to suffer less from heat stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Lucas Mahlau
- Institute of Ecosystem Physiology, University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Lukas Fasbender
- Institute of Ecosystem Physiology, University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Joseph Byron
- Atmospheric Chemistry Department, Max-Planck Institute for Chemistry, Mainz, Germany
| | - Jonathan Williams
- Atmospheric Chemistry Department, Max-Planck Institute for Chemistry, Mainz, Germany
| | - Jürgen Kreuzwieser
- Institute of Ecosystem Physiology, University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Christiane Werner
- Institute of Ecosystem Physiology, University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Phenolic Profiling and Biological Potential of Ficus curtipes Corner Leaves and Stem Bark: 5-Lipoxygenase Inhibition and Interference with NO Levels in LPS-Stimulated RAW 264.7 Macrophages. Biomolecules 2019; 9:biom9090400. [PMID: 31443459 PMCID: PMC6770299 DOI: 10.3390/biom9090400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The economic value of fig trees has been globally acknowledged due to their utilization in the food industry, being also frequently used in traditional medicine. While ubiquitously distributed in Southeast Asia, Ficus curtipes Corner remains uninvestigated concerning its biological properties and chemical profile. HPLC-DAD-ESI/MSn characterization of methanol extracts obtained from the stem bark and leaves allowed the identification and quantitation of 21 phenolic compounds for the first time; the stem bark was predominantly rich in flavan-3-ols and apigenin derivatives, while solely apigenin-di-glycosides have been identified and quantitated on the leaf extract. Both extracts inhibited 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) activity in a concentration-dependent manner, the one obtained from the stem bark being significantly more active (IC50 = 10.75 μg/mL). The effect of both extracts on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages was evaluated, and while the stem bark extract did not lead to a noticeable interference on nitric oxide (NO) levels, the extract obtained from the leaves notably decreased NO and L-citrulline levels at concentrations ranging from 250 to 500 μg/mL. Herein, F. curtipes is valorized due to its modulatory effects on inflammatory mediators and also as a source of bioactive phenols, which may fuel further studies on the development of nutraceuticals.
Collapse
|
46
|
Abdel-Aty AM, Hamed MB, Salama WH, Ali MM, Fahmy AS, Mohamed SA. Ficus carica, Ficus sycomorus and Euphorbia tirucalli latex extracts: Phytochemical screening, antioxidant and cytotoxic properties. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2019.101199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
|
47
|
Abolmaesoomi M, Abdul Aziz A, Mat Junit S, Mohd Ali J. Ficus deltoidea: Effects of solvent polarity on antioxidant and anti-proliferative activities in breast and colon cancer cells. Eur J Integr Med 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eujim.2019.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
|
48
|
Rezaeizadeh H, Rahimi R, Abbasi M. Fatigue Due to Multiple Sclerosis: A Comparison Between Persian Medicine and Conventional Medicine. Galen Med J 2019; 8:e1139. [PMID: 34466464 PMCID: PMC8343931 DOI: 10.31661/gmj.v8i0.1139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2018] [Revised: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Fatigue is one of the most debilitating symptoms of multiple sclerosis (MS), and its definite pathophysiology is unclear. Studies have suggested some correlates for it including dysfunction or atrophy in different parts of the brain. This narrative review study compares the viewpoint of conventional medicine and Persian medicine (PM) about fatigue due to MS and introduces the treatments used for this complaint in PM with an evidence-based approach. PM scholars have used the term I’ya equal to fatigue and stated that I’ya might be due to exertion or not, while the latter (spontaneous I’ya) can be prodromal of a disease. This pathologic fatigue can be seen in a wide variety of neurologic diseases, though it is the most common in MS patients. Fatigue in MS can be considered one of the equivalents of spontaneous I’ya. According to PM texts, neurotonic herbs like Ferula, Citrus medica, Asarum europaeum, Ficus carica, and Juglans regia may be beneficial in alleviating fatigue by brain reinforcement. Different pharmacological mechanisms have been introduced for these plants including antioxidant and/or anti-inflammatory activities. The medicinal plants can be assumed as a valuable source for discovering new medicines for fatigue in MS. Designing preclinical and clinical studies evaluating the effects of mentioned medicinal herbs in fatigue is proposed for obtaining more conclusive results.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Rezaeizadeh
- Department of Traditional Iranian Medicine, School of Traditional Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Roja Rahimi
- Department of Traditional Pharmacy, School of Traditional Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Abbasi
- Department of Traditional Iranian Medicine, School of Traditional Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Correspondence to: Maryam Abbasi, Department of Traditional Iranian Medicine, School of Traditional Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Telephone Number: +982188990837 Email Address :
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Liu YP, Guo JM, Yan G, Zhang MM, Zhang WH, Qiang L, Fu YH. Anti-Inflammatory and Antiproliferative Prenylated Isoflavone Derivatives from the Fruits of Ficus carica. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:4817-4823. [PMID: 30973720 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b00865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Ficus carica is an Asian species of flowering plant belonging to the genus Ficus of the family Moraceae, native to Western Asia and the Middle East. Its fruits, usually known as common fig or fig, have been consumed as a very popular health-promoting fruit worldwide since ancient times. To investigate the potential health-promoting chemical constituents of the fruits of F. carica, a systematic phytochemical study on its fruits was therefore carried out. In our study, four new structurally diverse prenylated isoflavone derivatives, ficucaricones A-D (1-4), along with 12 known analogues (5-16) were separated from the fruits of F. carica. Their chemical structures were ambiguously elucidated based on extensive spectroscopic methods. The anti-inflammatory effects and antiproliferative activities of these isolated prenylated isoflavone derivatives were tested. Prenylated isoflavone derivatives (1-16) displayed remarkable inhibitory effects against nitric oxide (NO) production with the IC50 values ranging from 0.89 ± 0.05 to 8.49 ± 0.18 μM, comparable to that of the positive control (hydrocortisone). Furthermore, compounds 1-16 also exhibited pronounced antiproliferative activities against diverse human cancer cell lines in vitro, holding the IC50 values ranging from 0.18 ± 0.03 to 18.76 ± 0.09 μM. These findings indicate that regular consumption of the fruits of F. carica may help to prevent the occurrence of inflammatory diseases and tumors. Moreover, the isolation and characterization of these prenylated isoflavone derivatives possessing remarkable anti-inflammatory effects and antiproliferative activities could be meaningful to the discovery of new anti-inflammatory and antitumor agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Ping Liu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicinal Plant Chemistry of Ministry of Education , Hainan Normal University , Haikou 571158 , P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 210009 , P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Southern Medicinal Plants Resources of Haikou City , Hainan Normal University , Haikou 571158 , P. R. China
| | - Jia-Ming Guo
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicinal Plant Chemistry of Ministry of Education , Hainan Normal University , Haikou 571158 , P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Southern Medicinal Plants Resources of Haikou City , Hainan Normal University , Haikou 571158 , P. R. China
| | - Gui Yan
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicinal Plant Chemistry of Ministry of Education , Hainan Normal University , Haikou 571158 , P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Southern Medicinal Plants Resources of Haikou City , Hainan Normal University , Haikou 571158 , P. R. China
| | - Ming-Ming Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicinal Plant Chemistry of Ministry of Education , Hainan Normal University , Haikou 571158 , P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Southern Medicinal Plants Resources of Haikou City , Hainan Normal University , Haikou 571158 , P. R. China
| | - Wen-Hao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicinal Plant Chemistry of Ministry of Education , Hainan Normal University , Haikou 571158 , P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Southern Medicinal Plants Resources of Haikou City , Hainan Normal University , Haikou 571158 , P. R. China
| | - Lei Qiang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 210009 , P. R. China
| | - Yan-Hui Fu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicinal Plant Chemistry of Ministry of Education , Hainan Normal University , Haikou 571158 , P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Southern Medicinal Plants Resources of Haikou City , Hainan Normal University , Haikou 571158 , P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Lightbourn AV, Thomas RD. Crude Edible Fig ( Ficus carica) Leaf Extract Prevents Diethylstilbestrol (DES)-Induced DNA Strand Breaks in Single-Cell Gel Electrophoresis (SCGE)/Comet Assay: Literature Review and Pilot Study. JOURNAL OF BIOEQUIVALENCE & BIOAVAILABILITY 2019; 11:19-28. [PMID: 31814674 PMCID: PMC6897490 DOI: 10.35248/0975-0851.19.11.389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Fig (Ficus carica) trees are among the oldest plants on earth. The chemopreventive properties of constituent polyphenols and fiber that implicate figs in having a functional role in averting cancer have not been fully elucidated. We therefore hypothesized that fig leaf extract would inhibit (or attenuate) DES-induced DNA single-strand breakage in MCF10A human breast epithelial cells. To test this hypothesis, MCF10A cells were treated with DES (1, 10, 100 μM), crude fig leaf extract (5, 10, 15 μL), or concomitant doses of DES (100 μM)/fig leaf extract (5, 10, 15 μL). The cells were analyzed for DNA strand breakage using the SCGE/COMET assay with mean olive tail moment as a marker of DNA damage. DES induced DNA strand breaks at all treatment levels compared to DMSO and non-treatment controls. DES at concentrations of 1, 10, and 100 μM produced mean olive tail moments of 1.2082 (177.6%), 1.2702 (186.7%), and 1.1275 (165.7%), respectively, which were statistically significantly (p<0.05) higher than the DMSO control value (0.6803). Exposure to fig leaf extract produced no DNA damage. Rather, a desirable dose-dependent reduction in DES-induced DNA strand breaks was observed. Composite treatment of MCF10A cells with DES and fig leaf extract attenuated DES-induced DNA strand breaks. Taken together, these results suggest a potential mechanism for cancer chemoprevention. Additional studies are necessary to identify relevant active ingredients, confirm the mechanism of action, and further elucidate the therapeutic potential of fig leaf extract for early-stage breast cancer chemoprevention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alrena V Lightbourn
- Basic & Pharmaceutical Sciences Division, College of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Ronald D Thomas
- Basic & Pharmaceutical Sciences Division, College of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| |
Collapse
|