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Bhattacharyya S, Law S. Environmental pollutant ENU induced leukemic NF-kB signaling amelioration by Eclipta alba in murine model. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2022; 32:2435-2449. [PMID: 34420458 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2021.1969341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to N-nitroso compounds (NOCs) in our environment via pesticides, tobacco, and smoked meat can be potentially carcinogenic. The induction of N-N' ethylnitrosourea (ENU), a genotoxic NOC, leads to leukemogenesis. The study aimed to explore the ameliorating effect of the Ayurvedic herb Eclipta alba on the bone marrow cells of ENU-induced leukemic mice. Eclipta alba is investigated for its anti-cancer effect on various cell lines, but never on haematological malignant models. Theefficacy of the extract was explored on leukemia by changes in body weight, survivability, peripheral blood hemogram, bone marrow cytological, histological, and cell culture studies pre-and post-treatment. The treated group revealed significant immunomodulation of the expressional profile of NF-kB family and IL-1β in marrow cells, by flow-cytometry, and immunofluorescence study. Through our experimental endeavour we depicted the cellular mechanism, signaling modality and tried to establish the anti-cancer potency of Eclipta alba on ENU-induced leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhashree Bhattacharyya
- Stem Cell Research and Application Unit, Department of Biochemistry and Medical Biotechnology, Calcutta School of Tropical Medicine, Kolkata-West Bengal, India
| | - Sujata Law
- Stem Cell Research and Application Unit, Department of Biochemistry and Medical Biotechnology, Calcutta School of Tropical Medicine, Kolkata-West Bengal, India
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Bhattacharyya S, Law S. Environmental pollutant N-N'ethylnitrosourea-induced leukemic NLRP3 inflammasome activation and its amelioration by Eclipta prostrata and its active compound wedelolactone. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2022; 37:322-334. [PMID: 34726823 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Environmental exposure of N-nitroso compounds (NOCs) from various sources like tobacco smoke, pesticides, smoked meat, and rubber manufacturing industries has been an alarming cause of carcinogenesis. Neonatal exposure to the carcinogenic N-N'ethylnitrosourea (ENU), a NOC has been established to cause leukemogenesis. Our world is constantly battling against cancer with consistent investigations of new anti-cancer therapeutics. Plant derived compounds have grasped worldwide attention of researchers for their promising anti-cancer potentials. Eclipta prostrata is one such ayurvedic herb, renowned for its anti-inflammatory properties. Currently, it has been explored in various cancer cell lines to establish its anti-cancer effect, but rarely in in-vivo cancer models. Wedelolactone (WDL), the major coumestan of E. prostrata is recognized as an inhibitor of IKK, a master regulator of the NF-kB inflammatory pathway. As persistent inflammation and activated inflammasome contribute to leukemogenesis, we tried to observe anti-leukemogenic efficacy of E. prostrata and its active compound WDL on the marrow cells of ENU induced experimental leukemic mice. Treatment groups were administered an oral gavage at a dose of 1200 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg b.w of crude extract and WDL respectively for 4 weeks. Various parameters like hemogram, survivability, cytological and histological investigations, migration assay, cell culture, flowcytometry and confocal microscopy were taken into consideration pre- and post-treatment. Interestingly, the plant concoction portrayed maximum effects in comparison to WDL alone. The study suggests E. prostrata and WDL as vital complementary adjuncts for anti-inflammasome mechanism in ENU-induced leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhashree Bhattacharyya
- Stem Cell Research and Application Unit, Department of Biochemistry and Medical Biotechnology, Calcutta School of Tropical Medicine, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Sujata Law
- Stem Cell Research and Application Unit, Department of Biochemistry and Medical Biotechnology, Calcutta School of Tropical Medicine, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
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Maciel G, Lopes AA, Cantrell CL, de Castro França S, Bertoni BW, Lourenço MV. Jasmonates promote enhanced production of bioactive caffeoylquinic acid derivative in Eclipta prostrata (L.) L. hairy roots. PLANT CELL, TISSUE AND ORGAN CULTURE 2022; 149:363-369. [PMID: 34840370 PMCID: PMC8606271 DOI: 10.1007/s11240-021-02201-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Eclipta prostrata (L.) L. is widely used in traditional medicine for treatment of hepatitis, poisoning from snake bites and viral infections. Pharmacological studies confirmed its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities. The efficacy of E. prostrata (L.) L. extracts has been correlated to phenylpropanoids such as flavonoids, coumestans and caffeoylquinic acid derivatives. In this work, the production of wedelolactone, demethylwedelolactone and 3,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid (3,5-diCQA) in hairy root cultures of E. prostrata (L.) L. C19 clone was increased after addition of eliciting agents jasmonic acid (JA) or methyl jasmonate (MeJA) at multiple concentrations. Cultures elicited with 100 μM of JA saw a 5.2 fold increase in wedelolactone (from 0.72 to 3.72 mg/g d.w.), a 1.6 fold increase in demethylwedelolactone (from 5.54 to 9.04 mg/g d.w.) and a 2.47 fold increase in 3,5-diCQA (from 18.08 to 44.71 mg/g d.w.). Obtained data validate the potential of E. prostrata (L.) L. hairy root cultures as a production system of wedelolactone, demethylwedelolactone and especially 3,5-diCQA, which has recently been reported to possess activity against coronavirus disease (Covid-19) by in silico computational studies. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11240-021-02201-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geveraldo Maciel
- Biotechnology Unit, Universidade de Ribeirão Preto (UNAERP), Ribeirão Preto, SP 14096-900 Brazil
| | - Adriana Aparecida Lopes
- Biotechnology Unit, Universidade de Ribeirão Preto (UNAERP), Ribeirão Preto, SP 14096-900 Brazil
| | - Charles L. Cantrell
- Natural Products Utilization Research Unit, United States Department of Agriculture - Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), University, Oxford, MS 38655 USA
| | - Suzelei de Castro França
- Biotechnology Unit, Universidade de Ribeirão Preto (UNAERP), Ribeirão Preto, SP 14096-900 Brazil
| | - Bianca Waleria Bertoni
- Biotechnology Unit, Universidade de Ribeirão Preto (UNAERP), Ribeirão Preto, SP 14096-900 Brazil
| | - Miriam Verginia Lourenço
- Biotechnology Unit, Universidade de Ribeirão Preto (UNAERP), Ribeirão Preto, SP 14096-900 Brazil
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Iqbal MO, Sial AS, Akhtar I, Naeem M, Hazafa A, Ansari RA, Rizvi SAA. The nephroprotective effects of Daucus carota and Eclipta prostrata against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. Bioengineered 2021; 12:12702-12721. [PMID: 34949157 PMCID: PMC8810007 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.2009977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The overuse of cisplatin (>50 mg/m2) is limited to nephrotoxicity, ototoxicity, gastrotoxicity, myelosuppression, and allergic reactions. The objective of this study was to investigate the nephroprotective effects of Daucus carota and Eclipta prostrata extracts on cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in Wistar albino rats. The study involved male Wistar albino rats of 8 weeks weighing 220-270 g. A single injection of 5 mg/kg was injected into the rats for nephrotoxicity. Rats were divided into four groups based on dose conentrations. Blood and urine samples of rats were collected on the 0, 7th, 14th, and 21st days for nephrological analysis. The results showed that Cis + DC/Cis + EP (600 mg/kg) significantly (p < 0.001) increased the body weight and reduced the kidney weight of cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats (p < 0.001) as compared to Cis group. The results showed that 600 mg/kg administration of Cis + DC/Cis +EP successfully (p < 0.005) improved the urine and plasmin creatinine, Na, and K level compared to the Cis group. Histopathological results confirmed that Cis + EP/Cis + DC effectively improved the renal abnormalities. It is concluded that the co-administration of Cis + EP extract showed exceptional nephroprotective effects at a dose rate of 600 mg/kg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Omer Iqbal
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycoengineering, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Asad Saleem Sial
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Imran Akhtar
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Alternative Medicine, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Naeem
- College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Abu Hazafa
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Rais A. Ansari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA
| | - Syed A. A. Rizvi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hampton University School of Pharmacy, Hampton, VA, USA
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Timalsina D, Devkota HP. Eclipta prostrata (L.) L. (Asteraceae): Ethnomedicinal Uses, Chemical Constituents, and Biological Activities. Biomolecules 2021; 11:1738. [PMID: 34827736 PMCID: PMC8615741 DOI: 10.3390/biom11111738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Eclipta prostrata (L.) L. (Syn.: Eclipta alba (L.) Hassak, Family: Asteraceae) is an important medicinal plant in the tropical and subtropical regions. It is widely used in treating various diseases of skin, liver and stomach in India, Nepal, Bangladesh, and other countries. The main aim of this review was to collect and analyze the available information on traditional uses, phytoconstituents, and biological activities of E. prostrata. The scientific information was collected from the online bibliographic databases such as Scopus, MEDLINE/PubMed, Google Scholar, SciFinder, etc. and books and proceedings. The active phytochemicals were coumestan derivatives, phenolic acid derivatives, flavonoids, triterpenoid and steroid saponins, substituted thiophenes, etc. Various extracts and isolated compounds of E. prostrata showed a wide range of biological activities such as antimicrobial, anticancer, hepatoprotective, neuroprotective and hair growth promoting activities. Relatively a few studies have been performed to reveal the exact phytoconstituents responsible for their corresponding pharmacological activities. Future studies should focus on detailed mechanism based studies using animal models and clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepak Timalsina
- Central Department of Chemistry, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu 44618, Nepal;
| | - Hari Prasad Devkota
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chuo-Ku, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan
- Headquarters for Admissions and Education, Kumamoto University, 2-40-1 Kurokami, Chuo-Ku, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
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Pan B, Pan W, Lu Z, Xia C. Pharmacological Mechanisms Underlying the Hepatoprotective Effects of Ecliptae herba on Hepatocellular Carcinoma. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2021; 2021:5591402. [PMID: 34326886 PMCID: PMC8302389 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5591402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 07/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The number of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cases worldwide has increased significantly. As a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) with a long history, Ecliptae herba (EH) has been widely used in HCC patients in China, but its hepatoprotective mechanism is still unclear. METHODS In this study, we applied a network pharmacology-based strategy and experimental verification to systematically unravel the underlying mechanisms of EH against HCC. First, six active ingredients of EH were screened from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform (TCMSP) by the ADME method. Subsequently, 52 potential targets of 6 active ingredients acting on HCC were screened from various databases, including TCMSP, DGIdb, SwissTargetPrediction, CTD, and GeneCards. Then, by constructing protein-protein interaction (PPI) network from STRING, we displayed the intricate connections among these 52 targets through Cytoscape software. We also applied enrichment analysis, including Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses, to provide an outline and set of concepts for describing gene functions and the advanced functions of biological systems of these 52 targets from genomic and molecular level information. Finally, molecular docking and biological experiments were used to reconfirm these results. RESULTS We hypothesized that EH might exert anti-HCC activity by acting on hub genes, including RELA, MMP9, PTGS2, ESR1, EGFR, AR, AKT1, HIF1A, AHR, CYP3A4, ABCG2, and MMP2. Moreover, based on GO and KEGG analysis, we speculated that EH may exert hepatoprotective effects on HCC through the following mechanisms: regulation of the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway to promote apoptosis and inhibit the abnormal proliferation of HCC, downregulation of HIF-1A expression by activating the HIF-1 signaling pathway, prevention of HCC by regulating lipid metabolism, and inhibition of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) by the cytochrome P450 subfamily. Subsequent biological experiments verified that EH inhibits the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway through its active ingredients, quercetin, and wedelolactone, thereby inhibiting the proliferation of HCC cells and promoting the apoptosis of HCC cells. CONCLUSIONS The network pharmacological strategy provides an efficient method to systematically explore the pharmacological mechanism of EH in HCC. Our study demonstrated that the anti-HCC proliferation activity of EH is mainly exerted by two active ingredients (quercetin and wedelolactone), which inhibit the proliferation of HCC cells (HepG2 and Huh-7) by inhibiting PI3K-AKT signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Botao Pan
- Affiliated Foshan Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan 528000, China
| | - Wenxiu Pan
- Department of Laboratory, Fifth People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan 528000, China
| | - Zheng Lu
- Wuzhou Maternal and Child Health-Care Hospital, Wuzhou 543000, China
| | - Chenglai Xia
- Affiliated Foshan Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan 528000, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
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Sarwar S, Yu JQ, Nadeem H, Huq F. Synergistic Cytotoxic Effect from Combination of Wedelolactone and Cisplatin in HeLa Cell Line: A Novel Finding. Drug Des Devel Ther 2020; 14:3841-3852. [PMID: 33061291 PMCID: PMC7519871 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s261321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE Cisplatin is a platinum drug in current clinical use for the treatment of cervical cancer. However, drug toxicity and resistance are its two major limitations. The aim of this investigation was to test the cytotoxic activity of potential phytochemicals alone and in combination with cisplatin in cervical cancer cells. METHODS In this study, cytotoxicity of phytochemicals including wedelolactone (WDL), betulinic acid (BA) and epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) was investigated in human cervical cancer cell line HeLa through 3-(4, 5-Dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2, 5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) reduction assay. Combined drug action resulting from the combination of cisplatin with WDL and BA was investigated in the same cell line through median effect principle. The combination index (CI) was taken as a measure of combined drug action. RESULTS BA resulted in synergistic outcome when co-administered with cisplatin at 0/0 time; (bolus administration) while administration of either drug (cisplatin or BA) four hours before the other (0/4 or 4/0) resulted in antagonistic action. WDL, on the other hand, was found out to be synergistic at any of the applied sequence of drug administration (0/0, 0/4 or 4/0). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION This is the first study reporting cytotoxic activity of WDL in HeLa cells either as single agent or in combination with cisplatin. These results support the idea that sequential combination of cisplatin with WDL and BA may work effectively in cervical cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadia Sarwar
- Discipline of Biomedical Sciences, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Cumberland Campus, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Jun Qing Yu
- Discipline of Biomedical Sciences, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Cumberland Campus, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Humaira Nadeem
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Fazlul Huq
- Discipline of Biomedical Sciences, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Cumberland Campus, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Sulaiman GM, Waheeb HM, Jabir MS, Khazaal SH, Dewir YH, Naidoo Y. Hesperidin Loaded on Gold Nanoparticles as a Drug Delivery System for a Successful Biocompatible, Anti-Cancer, Anti-Inflammatory and Phagocytosis Inducer Model. Sci Rep 2020; 10:9362. [PMID: 32518242 PMCID: PMC7283242 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-66419-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Hesperidin is a flavonoid glycoside with proven therapeutic activities for various diseases, including cancer. However, its poor solubility and bioavailability render it only slightly absorbed, requiring a delivery system to reach its therapeutic target. Hesperidin loaded on gold nanoparticles (Hsp-AuNPs) was prepared by a chemical synthesis method. Various characterization techniques such as UV-VIS spectroscopy, FTIR, XRD, FESEM, TEM and EDX, Zeta potential analysis, particle size analysis, were used to confirm the synthesis of Hsp-AuNPs. The cytotoxic effect of Hsp-AuNPs on human breast cancer cell line (MDA-MB-231) was assessed using MTT and crystal violet assays. The results revealed significant decrease in proliferation and inhibition of growth of the treated cells when compared with human normal breast epithelial cell line (HBL-100). Determination of apoptosis by fluorescence microscope was also performed using acridine orange-propidium iodide dual staining assay. The in vivo study was designed to evaluate the toxicity of Hsp-AuNPs in mice. The levels of hepatic and kidney functionality markers were assessed. No significant statistical differences were found for the tested indicators. Histological images of liver, spleen, lung and kidney showed no apparent damages and histopathological abnormalities after treatment with Hsp-AuNPs. Hsp-AuNPs ameliorated the functional activity of macrophages against Ehrlich ascites tumor cells-bearing mice. The production of the pro-inflammatory cytokines was also assessed in bone marrow–derived macrophage cells treated with Hsp-AuNPs. The results obviously demonstrated that Hsp-AuNPs treatment significantly inhibited the secretion of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghassan M Sulaiman
- Biotechnology Division, Applied Science Department, University of Technology, Baghdad, Iraq.
| | - Hanaa M Waheeb
- Biotechnology Division, Applied Science Department, University of Technology, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Majid S Jabir
- Biotechnology Division, Applied Science Department, University of Technology, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Shaymaa H Khazaal
- Applied Chemistry Division, Applied Science Department, University of Technology, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Yaser Hassan Dewir
- King Saud University, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.,Kafrelsheikh University, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafr El-Sheikh, 33516, Egypt
| | - Yougasphree Naidoo
- University of KwaZulu-Natal, School of Life Sciences, Westville Campus, Private Bag X54001, Durban, 4000, South Africa
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Feng L, Zhai YY, Xu J, Yao WF, Cao YD, Cheng FF, Bao BH, Zhang L. A review on traditional uses, phytochemistry and pharmacology of Eclipta prostrata (L.) L. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 245:112109. [PMID: 31395303 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.112109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Eclipta prostrata, a traditional herbal medicine, has long been used in Asia and South America for the therapy of hemorrhagic diseases (e.g. hemoptysis, hematemesis, hematuria, epistaxis and uterine bleeding), skin diseases, respiratory disorders, coronary heart disease, hair loss, vitiligo, snake bite and those caused by the deficiency of liver and kidney. AIM OF THE REVIEW In this review, we highlight relatively comprehensive and up-to-date information of E. prostrata on traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology and toxicity, along with featuring the gaps in current knowledge, aiming to provide references for future research and possible opportunities for well applications of this medicinal plant. MATERIALS AND METHODS Information on E. prostrata was gathered from scientific databases (Google Scholar, Web of Science, Scifinder, Baidu Scholar, PubMed and CNKI). Information was also obtained from local books, Ph.D. theses and M.Sc. dissertations and Chinese Pharmacopoeia. The plant taxonomy was validated by the database "The Plant List". RESULTS Various phytochemical classes has been identified and isolated from the plant covering triterpenes, flavonoids, thiopenes, coumestans, steroids and others. Among these, coumestans are reported as the most common ingredients. The isolated crude extracts and individual compounds have been reported to exhibit promising pharmacological properties, such as hepatoprotective, osteoprotective, cytotoxic, hypoglycaemic, anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, hypolipidemic, promoting hair growth, rejuvenative and neuroprotective effects. CONCLUSIONS Until now, significant progress has been witnessed in phytochemistry and pharmacology of E. prostrata. Thus, some traditional uses has been well supported and clarified by modern pharmacological studies. Moreover, E. prostrata also showed therapeutic potential in some refractory diseases such as cancer, dementia and diabetes. But, present findings are still insufficient that cannot satisfactorily explain some mechanisms of action. More well-designed studies in vitro especially in vivo are required to establish links between the traditional uses and bioactivities, discover new skeletons and activity molecules, as well as ensure safety before clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Feng
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Yuan-Yuan Zhai
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Jia Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Wei-Feng Yao
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Yu-Dan Cao
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Fang-Fang Cheng
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Bei-Hua Bao
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Li Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
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Nuñez-Olvera SI, Gallardo-Rincón D, Puente-Rivera J, Salinas-Vera YM, Marchat LA, Morales-Villegas R, López-Camarillo C. Autophagy Machinery as a Promising Therapeutic Target in Endometrial Cancer. Front Oncol 2019; 9:1326. [PMID: 31850214 PMCID: PMC6896250 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.01326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Endometrial cancer is the fourth most frequent neoplasia for women worldwide, and over the past two decades it incidence has increased. The most common histological type of endometrial cancer is endometrioid adenocarcinoma, also known as type 1 endometrial cancer. Endometrioid endometrial cancer is associated with diverse epidemiological risk factors including estrogen use, obesity, diabetes, cigarette smoking, null parity, early menarche, and late menopause. Clinical effectiveness of chemotherapy is variable, indicating that novel molecular therapies against specific cellular processes associated to cell survival and resistance to therapy, such as autophagy, urged to ameliorate the rates of success in endometrial cancer treatment. Autophagy (also known as macroautophagy) is a specialized mechanism that maintains cell homeostasis which is activated in response to cellular stressors including nutrients deprivation, amino acids starvation, hypoxia, and metabolic stress to prolong cell survival via lysosomal degradation of cytoplasmic macromolecules and organelles. However, in human cancer cells, autophagy has a controversial function due to its dual role as self-protective or apoptotic. Conventional antitumor therapies including hormones, chemotherapy and ionizing radiation, may activate autophagy as a pro-survival tumor response contributing to treatment resistance. Intriguingly, if autophagy continues above reversibility of cell viability, autophagy can result in apoptosis of tumor cells. Here, we have reviewed the mechanisms of autophagy described in endometrial cancers, including the role of PI3K/AKT/mTOR, AMPK-mTOR, and p53 signaling pathways that trigger or inhibit the process and thus representing potential molecular targets in therapeutic clinical approaches. In addition, we discussed the recent findings indicating that autophagy can be modulated using repurposing drugs which may leads to faster experimentation and validation, as well as more easy access of the medications to patients. Finally, the promising role of dietary compounds and microRNAs in autophagy modulation is also discussed. In conclusion, although the research about autophagy is scarce but ongoing in endometrial cancer, the actual findings highlight the promising usefulness of novel molecules for directing targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dolores Gallardo-Rincón
- Laboratorio de Medicina Translacional, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Jonathan Puente-Rivera
- Departamento de Ecología Funcional, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Yarely M. Salinas-Vera
- Posgrado en Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Autónoma de la Ciudad de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Laurence A. Marchat
- Programa en Biomedicina Molecular y Red de Biotecnología, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Raúl Morales-Villegas
- Coordinación Académica Huasteca del Sur, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - César López-Camarillo
- Posgrado en Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Autónoma de la Ciudad de México, Mexico City, Mexico
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Bio-modified TiO 2 nanoparticles with Withania somnifera, Eclipta prostrata and Glycyrrhiza glabra for anticancer and antibacterial applications. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2019; 108:110457. [PMID: 31924033 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.110457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2019] [Revised: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Titanium dioxide nanoparticles exhibit good anticancer and antibacterial activities. They are known to be environmentally friendly and stable, less toxic and excellent biocompatibility nature. In this paper we report the biological properties of pure TiO2 nanoparticles modified with Withania somnifera (Ashwagandha), Eclipta prostrata (Karisalankanni) and Glycyrrhiza glabra (Athimathuram) for biological applications. X-ray diffraction results revealed the anatase nature of the samples. From the TEM analyses, it is observed that there is an increase in the particle size of the bio modified samples. UV results show the red shift for the bio modified samples when compared with the pure samples. The samples are then subjected to MTT assay to determine the cell viability. KB oral cancer cells are used for the determination of anticancer nature of the pure and bio modified nanoparticles. It is observed that Withania somnifera - Eclipta prostrate modified TiO2 nanoparticles exhibit excellent anticancer activities among other bio modified and pure samples. The samples are then examined for their antibacterial activities against three Gram-negative bacterial strains namely, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and two Gram-positive bacterial strains namely, Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus mutans. Among the modified and pure samples, Withania somnifera - Eclipta prostrata showed good antibacterial nature against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
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Satheesh Naik K, Gurushanthaiah M, Kavimani M, Prabhu K, Lokanadham S. Hepatoprotective Role of Eclipta alba against High Fatty Diet Treated Experimental Models - A Histopathological Study. MÆDICA 2019; 13:217-222. [PMID: 31490461 DOI: 10.26574/maedica.2018.13.3.217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Background The hepatic injury due to oxidative stress was ameliorated through administration of an aqueous extract of Eclipta alba leaves and suggested that wedelolactone and demethylwedelolactone were the possible components of Eclipta alba behind the protective effect on liver as well as against liver disorders. Objective To study the hepato-protective effects of Eclipta alba on high fatty diet treated experimental models. Material and methods A total of 30 adult albino rats of Wistar strain weighing 165-215 grams, from the animal house of the Basaveshwara Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, Chitradurga, were used for the present study: group 1 included animals fed with normal diet (control); group 2, animals treated with hyperlipidemic diet for eight weeks; group 3, animals treated with hyperlipidemic diet for eight weeks, followed by one week post treatment of Eclipta alba with normal diet; group 4, animals treated with hyperlipidemic diet for eight weeks, followed by two weeks post-treatment of Eclipta alba with normal diet; and group 5, animals treated with hyperlipidemic diet for eight weeks, followed by three weeks posttreatment of Eclipta alba with normal diet. Results In animals with high fat diet (30%), we observed the deposition of fat in the form of fat lobules in and around the hepatocytes, mononuclear in filtration in the liver parenchyma, dilation of blood vessels, necrotic foci and damaged hepatocytes. Conclusion The components of Eclipta alba like wedelolactone, demethylwedelolactone and saponins reduced fat deposition, mononuclear infiltration, and necrotic foci, and stimulated hepatocyte regeneration in the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Satheesh Naik
- Department of Anatomy, Bharath University (BIHER), Chennai, Tamilnadu, India
| | - M Gurushanthaiah
- Department of Anatomy, Basaveshwara Medical College, Chitradurga, Karnataka, India
| | - M Kavimani
- Department of Anatomy, Sree Balaji Medical College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India
| | - K Prabhu
- Department of Anatomy, Sree Balaji Medical College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India
| | - S Lokanadham
- Department of Anatomy, Santhiram Medical College and Hospital, Nandyal, Andhra Pradesh, India
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Fatima A, Ahmad M, Zafar M, Yaseen G, Zada Khan MP, Butt MA, Sultana S. Ethnopharmacological relevance of medicinal plants used for the treatment of oral diseases in Central Punjab-Pakistan. J Herb Med 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hermed.2017.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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A metabolomic approach to identify anti-hepatocarcinogenic compounds from plants used traditionally in the treatment of liver diseases. Fitoterapia 2018; 127:226-236. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2018.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Revised: 02/15/2018] [Accepted: 02/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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LC-MS/MS method for the simultaneous quantification of luteolin, wedelolactone and apigenin in mice plasma using hansen solubility parameters for liquid-liquid extraction: Application to pharmacokinetics of Eclipta alba chloroform fraction. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2018.01.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Gupta A, Kumar A, Kumar D, Nandan S, Shankar K, Varshney S, Rajan S, Srivastava A, Gupta S, Kanojiya S, Narender T, Gaikwad AN. Ethyl acetate fraction of Eclipta alba: a potential phytopharmaceutical targeting adipocyte differentiation. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 96:572-583. [PMID: 29032341 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2017] [Revised: 09/21/2017] [Accepted: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural products have always fascinated mankind for their miraculous properties. Eclipta alba (E. alba), a medicinal herb has long been used in traditional medicine for curing several pathologies. It has been shown to have anti-diabetic effect as well as hepato-protective activity. Here, in order to address metabolic derangements, the study was designed to evaluate the efficacy of E. alba and its fractions in adipogenesis inhibition and dyslipidemia. Of the crude extract and fractions screened, ethyl acetate fraction of E. alba inhibited adipocyte differentiation in 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes and hMSC derived adipocytes. It inhibited mitotic clonal expansion and caused cell cycle arrest in G1 and S phase as suggested by western blot analysis and flow cytometry. It was also shown to have lipolytic effects. Oral administration of ethyl acetate fraction of E. alba to hamsters unveiled its anti-adipogenic as well as anti-dyslipidemic activity in-vivo. Mass spectrometry analysis of ethyl acetate fraction confirmed the presence of several bioactive components, projecting it as an effective phytopharmaceutical agent. In conclusion, ethyl acetate fraction of E. alba possesses potent anti-adipogenic as well as anti-dyslipidemic activity and could be projected as an herbal formulation towards obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Gupta
- Division of Pharmacology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Ashok Kumar
- Division of Medicinal and Process Chemistry, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Durgesh Kumar
- Division of Pharmacology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Shiv Nandan
- Sophisticated Analytical Instrument Facility, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - Kripa Shankar
- Division of Pharmacology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Salil Varshney
- Division of Pharmacology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Sujith Rajan
- Division of Pharmacology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Ankita Srivastava
- Division of Pharmacology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Sanchita Gupta
- Division of Pharmacology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Sanjeev Kanojiya
- Sophisticated Analytical Instrument Facility, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - T Narender
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, New Delhi, 110025, India.
| | - Anil Nilkanth Gaikwad
- Division of Pharmacology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India.
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Ding H, Wang Y, Gao Y, Han X, Liu S, Tang G, Li J, Zhao D. Purification of wedelolactone from Eclipta alba and evaluation of antioxidant activity. SEP SCI TECHNOL 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/01496395.2017.1374973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Ding
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yongqiang Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yujie Gao
- Tianjin Academy of Environmental Sciences, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Huanke Environmental Planning Technology Development Company Limited, Tianjin, China
| | - Xu Han
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Shejiang Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Guiwen Tang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jiaqi Li
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Dan Zhao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
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Preya UH, Lee KT, Kim NJ, Lee JY, Jang DS, Choi JH. The natural terthiophene α-terthienylmethanol induces S phase cell cycle arrest of human ovarian cancer cells via the generation of ROS stress. Chem Biol Interact 2017; 272:72-79. [PMID: 28506552 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2017.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2016] [Revised: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 05/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the most lethal gynecological malignancy worldwide. Thiophenes such as terthiophene have been shown to have anti-tumor effects on several cancer cell lines, including ovarian cancer cells. However, the underlying mechanisms behind the anti-proliferative effect of thiophenes are poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the molecular mechanisms underlying the anti-proliferative effect of α-terthienylmethanol, a terthiophene isolated from Eclipta prostrata (False Daisy), on human ovarian cancer cells. We found that α-terthienylmethanol is a more potent inhibitor of cell growth than is cisplatin in human ovarian cancer cells. α-Terthienylmethanol induces cell cycle arrest in ovarian cancer cells, as shown by the accumulation of cells in S phase. In addition, α-terthienylmethanol induced a change in S phase-related proteins cyclin A, cyclin-dependent kinase 2, and cyclin D2. Knockdown of cyclin A using specific siRNAs significantly compromised α-terthienylmethanol-induced S phase arrest. We further demonstrated that α-terthienylmethanol induced an increase in intracellular ROS, and the antioxidant N-acetyl-l-cysteine significantly reversed the S phase arrest induced by α-terthienylmethanol. Moreover, α-terthienylmethanol significantly increased the levels of p-H2AX, a DNA damage marker. These results suggest that α-terthienylmethanol inhibits the growth of human ovarian cancer cells by S phase cell cycle arrest via induction of ROS stress and DNA damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umma Hafsa Preya
- Department of Life and Nanopharamceutical Sciences, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemoon-gu, Seoul 02447, South Korea
| | - Kyung-Tae Lee
- Department of Life and Nanopharamceutical Sciences, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemoon-gu, Seoul 02447, South Korea; College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemoon-gu, Seoul 02447, South Korea
| | - Nam-Jung Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemoon-gu, Seoul 02447, South Korea
| | - Jung-Yun Lee
- Department of Plant Science, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Dae Sik Jang
- Department of Life and Nanopharamceutical Sciences, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemoon-gu, Seoul 02447, South Korea; College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemoon-gu, Seoul 02447, South Korea
| | - Jung-Hye Choi
- Department of Life and Nanopharamceutical Sciences, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemoon-gu, Seoul 02447, South Korea; College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemoon-gu, Seoul 02447, South Korea.
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Chassagne F, Deharo E, Punley H, Bourdy G. Treatment and management of liver diseases by Khmer traditional healers practicing in Phnom Penh area, Cambodia. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2017; 202:38-53. [PMID: 28284791 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2017.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2017] [Revised: 03/02/2017] [Accepted: 03/03/2017] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Liver disorders are a major health problem in Cambodia, where some patients prefer to seek treatment from traditional healers. The aim of the study was to document the knowledge and practices of these healers in four Southern Cambodian provinces. MATERIALS AND METHODS An ethnopharmacological survey was carried out from September 2015 to January 2016 in Cambodian urban and rural areas. Thirty-three Khmer traditional healers (KTH) were interviewed using a semi-structured questionnaire including socio-demographic data, healer's formation and their professional practice conditions, perception of liver diseases (types and causes of liver disorders, diagnostic methods and symptoms of liver problems), dietary recommendations given to patients, and herbal remedies used to treat them. For each medicinal plant mentioned in herbal remedies, the local name, part of the plant, mode of preparation and administration, and their properties, according to the healers, were recorded. The plants mentioned by the traditional therapists were collected and later identified by specialists. RESULTS Different types of liver disease are identified by the healers, and diagnosis was mostly based on reading medical records, and by observing the yellow discoloration of the skin and eyes. A total of 42 herbal remedies including 83 medicinal plants belonging to 40 families were mentioned for treating liver disorders. The most predominant families were Leguminosae and Poaceae. Among the plants reported, Cananga latifolia, Andrographis paniculata, Smilax aff. glabra, Gomphrena celosioides, Passiflora foetida and Physalis minima were the most cited species. A large part of the herbal remedies used were multi-ingredient recipes, and were prepared mainly by a decoction administered orally. Plants are combined in multi-ingredient recipes, and selected on the basis of their properties (trocheak, psah, somrap mé rok, ktchol) which originate from Khmer medical concepts. Most of the plants used by healers have a wide ethnobotanical use for liver disorders, and have been studied for their hepatoprotective activity and related activities on the liver. CONCLUSION In the diagnosis and treatment of liver diseases, KTH have incorporated biomedical concepts and new practices, which suggest that they could be defined as neotraditional healers. Medicinal plants constitute the core of traditional medicine practice by these healers, and these plants play a very important role in the health care of people with liver problems in Cambodia. Therefore, more attention should be paid to the integration of healers in national health care programs for the development of combined therapies. Furthermore, two plant species (i.e. Cananga latifolia and Willughbeia edulis) were found to be widely used for treating liver disorders in our survey, and should be studied for their pharmacological potential for liver problems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eric Deharo
- UMR 152 Pharmadev, Université de Toulouse, IRD, UPS, France.
| | - Hieng Punley
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Health Sciences, Phnom Penh, Cambodia.
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Alcoholic Extract of Eclipta alba Shows In Vitro Antioxidant and Anticancer Activity without Exhibiting Toxicological Effects. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2017; 2017:9094641. [PMID: 28250894 PMCID: PMC5307245 DOI: 10.1155/2017/9094641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2016] [Revised: 09/05/2016] [Accepted: 10/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
As per WHO estimates, 80% of people around the world use medicinal plants for the cure and prevention of various diseases including cancer owing to their easy availability and cost effectiveness. Eclipta alba has long been used in Ayurveda to treat liver diseases, eye ailments, and hair related disorders. The promising medicinal value of E. alba prompted us to study the antioxidant, nontoxic, and anticancer potential of its alcoholic extract. In the current study, we evaluated the in vitro cytotoxic and antioxidant effect of the alcoholic extract of Eclipta alba (AEEA) in multiple cancer cell lines along with control. We have also evaluated its effect on different in vivo toxicity parameters. Here, we found that AEEA was found to be most active in most of the cancer cell lines but it significantly induced apoptosis in human breast cancer cell lines by disrupting mitochondrial membrane potential and DNA damage. Moreover, AEEA treatment inhibited migration in both MCF 7 and MDA-MB-231 cells in a dose dependent manner. Further, AEEA possesses robust in vitro antioxidant activity along with high total phenolic and flavonoid contents. In summary, our results indicate that Eclipta alba has enormous potential in complementary and alternative medicine for the treatment of cancer.
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Cho YJ, Woo JH, Lee JS, Jang DS, Lee KT, Choi JH. Eclalbasaponin II induces autophagic and apoptotic cell death in human ovarian cancer cells. J Pharmacol Sci 2016; 132:6-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphs.2016.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2015] [Revised: 12/29/2015] [Accepted: 02/18/2016] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
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Arya RK, Singh A, Yadav NK, Cheruvu SH, Hossain Z, Meena S, Maheshwari S, Singh AK, Shahab U, Sharma C, Singh K, Narender T, Mitra K, Arya KR, Singh RK, Gayen JR, Datta D. Anti-breast tumor activity of Eclipta extract in-vitro and in-vivo: novel evidence of endoplasmic reticulum specific localization of Hsp60 during apoptosis. Sci Rep 2015; 5:18457. [PMID: 26672742 PMCID: PMC4682077 DOI: 10.1038/srep18457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2015] [Accepted: 11/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Major challenges for current therapeutic strategies against breast cancer are associated with drug-induced toxicities. Considering the immense potential of bioactive phytochemicals to deliver non-toxic, efficient anti-cancer therapeutics, we performed bio-guided fractionation of Eclipta alba extract and discovered that particularly the chloroform fraction of Eclipta alba (CFEA) is selectively inducing cytotoxicity to breast cancer cells over non-tumorigenic breast epithelial cells. Our unbiased mechanistic hunt revealed that CFEA specifically activates the intrinsic apoptotic pathway by disrupting the mitochondrial membrane potential, upregulating Hsp60 and downregulating the expression of anti-apoptotic protein XIAP. By utilizing Hsp60 specific siRNA, we identified a novel pro-apoptotic role of Hsp60 and uncovered that following CFEA treatment, upregulated Hsp60 is localized in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). To our knowledge, this is the first evidence of ER specific localization of Hsp60 during cancer cell apoptosis. Further, our LC-MS approach identified that luteolin is mainly attributed for its anti-cancer activities. Moreover, oral administration of CFEA not only offers potential anti-breast cancer effects in-vivo but also mitigates tumor induced hepato-renal toxicity. Together, our studies offer novel mechanistic insight into the CFEA mediated inhibition of breast cancer and may potentially open up new avenues for further translational research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakesh K Arya
- Biochemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute (CDRI), Lucknow-226031, India
| | - Akhilesh Singh
- Biochemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute (CDRI), Lucknow-226031, India
| | | | - Srikanth H Cheruvu
- Pharmacokinetics and Metabolism Division, CSIR-CDRI, Lucknow-226031, India
| | - Zakir Hossain
- Pharmacokinetics and Metabolism Division, CSIR-CDRI, Lucknow-226031, India
| | - Sanjeev Meena
- Biochemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute (CDRI), Lucknow-226031, India
| | - Shrankhla Maheshwari
- Biochemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute (CDRI), Lucknow-226031, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Anup K Singh
- Biochemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute (CDRI), Lucknow-226031, India
| | - Uzma Shahab
- Biochemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute (CDRI), Lucknow-226031, India
| | | | - Kavita Singh
- Electron Microscopy Unit, CSIR-CDRI, Lucknow-226031, India
| | | | - Kalyan Mitra
- Electron Microscopy Unit, CSIR-CDRI, Lucknow-226031, India
| | - Kamal R Arya
- Botany Division, CSIR-CDRI, Lucknow-226031, India
| | - Rama K Singh
- Toxicology Division, CSIR-CDRI, Lucknow-226031, India
| | - Jiaur R Gayen
- Pharmacokinetics and Metabolism Division, CSIR-CDRI, Lucknow-226031, India
| | - Dipak Datta
- Biochemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute (CDRI), Lucknow-226031, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, New Delhi, India
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Lee JS, Ahn JH, Cho YJ, Kim HY, Yang YI, Lee KT, Jang DS, Choi JH. α-Terthienylmethanol, isolated from Eclipta prostrata, induces apoptosis by generating reactive oxygen species via NADPH oxidase in human endometrial cancer cells. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2015; 169:426-34. [PMID: 25940205 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2015.04.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2014] [Revised: 04/11/2015] [Accepted: 04/18/2015] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Eclipta prostrate L. (syn. E. alba Hassk), commonly known as False Daisy, has been used in traditional medicine in Asia to treat a variety of diseases, including cancer. Although an anti-tumor effect has been suggested for E. prostrata, the exact anti-tumor effects and underlying molecular mechanisms of its bioactive compounds are poorly understood. The aim of this study was to identify compounds with anti-cancer activity from E. prostrata and to investigate their mechanism of action. MATERIALS AND METHODS To assess cell viability, cell cycle progression, and apoptosis, we performed MTT assays and FACS analysis using Annexin and PI staining. We also investigated reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and caspase activation using flow cytometry and Western blot analysis, respectively. Cytosolic translocation of cytochrome c was measured using an ELISA kit. Antioxidants, MAPK signaling inhibitors, NADPH oxidase inhibitors, and siRNA were used to elucidate the molecular mechanism of action of the compound. RESULTS We isolated five terthiophenes from the n-hexane fraction of E. prostrata; of these, α-terthienylmethanol possessed potent cytotoxic activity against human endometrial cancer cells (Hec1A and Ishikawa) (IC50<1μM). The growth inhibitory effect of α-terthienylmethanol was mediated by the induction of apoptosis, as shown by the accumulation of sub-G1 and apoptotic cells. In addition, α-terthienylmethanol triggered caspase activation and cytochrome c release into the cytosol in a time-dependent manner. Moreover, α-terthienylmethanol increased the intracellular level of ROS and decreased that of GSH, and the antioxidants N-acetyl-l-cysteine and catalase significantly attenuated α-terthienylmethanol-induced apoptosis. We further demonstrated that inhibition of the NADPH oxidase attenuated α-terthienylmethanol-induced cell death and ROS accumulation in endometrial cancer cells. CONCLUSION Overall, these results suggest that α-terthienylmethanol, a naturally occurring terthiophene isolated from E. prostrata, induces apoptosis in human endometrial cancer cells by ROS production, partially via NADPH oxidase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Seung Lee
- Department of Life & Nanopharmaceutical Science, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Oriental Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ji-Hye Ahn
- Department of Life & Nanopharmaceutical Science, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Oriental Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yoon-Jin Cho
- Department of Life & Nanopharmaceutical Science, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Oriental Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ha-Yeong Kim
- Department of Life & Nanopharmaceutical Science, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Oriental Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yeong-In Yang
- Department of Life & Nanopharmaceutical Science, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Oriental Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyung-Tae Lee
- Department of Life & Nanopharmaceutical Science, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Dae-Sik Jang
- Department of Life & Nanopharmaceutical Science, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jung-Hye Choi
- Department of Life & Nanopharmaceutical Science, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Oriental Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea.
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BEGUM SHAHNAZ, LEE MIRA, GU LIJUAN, HOSSAIN JAMIL, SUNG CHANGKEUN. Exogenous stimulation with Eclipta alba promotes hair matrix keratinocyte proliferation and downregulates TGF-β1 expression in nude mice. Int J Mol Med 2014; 35:496-502. [DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2014.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2014] [Accepted: 10/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Comparative hair restorer efficacy of medicinal herb on nude (Foxn1nu) mice. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:319795. [PMID: 25478567 PMCID: PMC4247959 DOI: 10.1155/2014/319795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2014] [Accepted: 08/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Eclipta alba (L.) Hassk, Asiasarum sieboldii (Miq.) F. Maek (Asiasari radix), and Panax ginseng C. A. Mey (red ginseng) are traditionally acclaimed for therapeutic properties of various human ailments. Synergistic effect of each standardized plant extract was investigated for hair growth potential on nude mice, as these mutant mice genetically lack hair due to abnormal keratinization. Dried plant samples were ground and extracted by methanol. Topical application was performed on the back of nude mice daily up to completion of two hair growth generations. The hair density and length of Eclipta alba treated mice were increased significantly (P > 0.001) than control mice. Hair growth area was also distinctly visible in Eclipta alba treated mice. On the other hand, Asiasari radix and Panax ginseng treated mice developing hair loss were recognized from the abortive boundaries of hair coverage. Histomorphometric observation of nude mice skin samples revealed an increase in number of hair follicles (HFs). The presence of follicular keratinocytes was confirmed by BrdU labeling, S-phase cells in HFs. Therefore, Eclipta alba extract and/or phytochemicals strongly displayed incomparability of hair growth promotion activity than others. Thus, the standardized Eclipta alba extract can be used as an effective, alternative, and complementary treatment against hair loss.
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Jahan R, Al-Nahain A, Majumder S, Rahmatullah M. Ethnopharmacological Significance of Eclipta alba (L.) Hassk. (Asteraceae). INTERNATIONAL SCHOLARLY RESEARCH NOTICES 2014; 2014:385969. [PMID: 27355071 PMCID: PMC4897414 DOI: 10.1155/2014/385969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2014] [Accepted: 09/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Eclipta alba can be found growing wild in fallow lands of Bangladesh where it is considered as a weed by farmers. Traditional medicinal systems of the Indian subcontinent countries as well as tribal practitioners consider the plant to have diverse medicinal values and use it commonly for treatment of gastrointestinal disorders, respiratory tract disorders (including asthma), fever, hair loss and graying of hair, liver disorders (including jaundice), skin disorders, spleen enlargement, and cuts and wounds. The plant has several phytoconstituents like wedelolactone, eclalbasaponins, ursolic acid, oleanolic acid, luteolin, and apigenin. Pharmacological activities of plant extracts and individual phytoconstituents have revealed anticancer, hepatoprotective, snake venom neutralizing, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties. Phytoconstituents like wedelolactone and ursolic and oleanolic acids as well as luteolin and apigenin can form the basis of new drugs against cancer, arthritis, gastrointestinal disorders, skin diseases, and liver disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rownak Jahan
- Department of Biotechnology & Genetic Engineering, University of Development Alternative, Dhanmondi, Dhaka 1209, Bangladesh
| | - Abdullah Al-Nahain
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Development Alternative, Dhanmondi, Dhaka 1209, Bangladesh
| | - Snehali Majumder
- Department of Microbiology and Serology, NH Health, Bangalore 560099, India
| | - Mohammed Rahmatullah
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Development Alternative, Dhanmondi, Dhaka 1209, Bangladesh
- Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Development Alternative, House No. 78, Road No. 11A (new), Dhanmondi, Dhaka 1209, Bangladesh
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Anoopraj R, Hemalatha S, Balachandran C. A preliminary study on serum liver function indices of Diethylnitrosamine induced hepatocarcinogenesis and chemoprotective potential of Eclipta alba in male Wistar rats. Vet World 2014. [DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2014.439-442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Chaudhary H, Jena PK, Seshadri S. In Vivo Evaluation ofEclipta albaExtract as Anticancer and Multidrug Resistance Reversal Agent. Nutr Cancer 2014; 66:904-13. [DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2014.916324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Chaudhary H, Jena PK, Seshadri S. Evaluation of hydro-alcoholic extract of Eclipta alba for its multidrug resistance reversal potential: an in vitro study. Nutr Cancer 2014; 65:775-80. [PMID: 23859045 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2013.789116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The development of multidrug resistance (MDR) causes problems in the chemotherapy of human cancer. The present study was designed to evaluate and establish the role of Eclipta alba as MDR reversal agent using multidrug resistant hepatocellular carcinoma cell line (DR-HepG2). To develop DR-HepG2, hepatocellular carcinoma cell line (HepG2) was transfected with 2-Acetylaminofluorene (AAF) and Aflatoxin B1 (AFB). Cytotoxic effects of the Eclipta alba hydroalcoholic extract (EAE) and standard anti-ancer drug Doxorubicin (DOX) were determined in DR-HepG2 and the parental cells HepG2 using MTT assay. The expression level of MDR1 gene and P-glycoprotein (P-gp) level was analyzed by RT-PCR and western blotting. From the present investigation, it was found that EAE (10 and 20 μg/ml) could significantly inhibit cell proliferation in DR-HepG2 whereas DOX (0.5 μg/ml) could not because of enhancement effect of MDR1/P-gp. This study demonstrated for the first time the antiproliferative activities of EAE in multidrug resistant DR-HepG2 cells. The findings revealed that Eclipta alba components are effective inhibitors of MDR1/P-gp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harshita Chaudhary
- Institute of Science, Nirma University, Chharodi, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
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Shi D, Ding H, Xu S. Optimization of microwave-assisted extraction of wedelolactone from Eclipta alba using response surface methodology. Front Chem Sci Eng 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s11705-014-1401-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Ali F, Khan R, Khan AQ, Lateef MA, Maqbool T, Sultana S. Assessment of Augmented Immune Surveillance and Tumor Cell Death by Cytoplasmic Stabilization of p53 as a Chemopreventive Strategy of 3 Promising Medicinal Herbs in Murine 2-Stage Skin Carcinogenesis. Integr Cancer Ther 2013; 13:351-67. [DOI: 10.1177/1534735413513831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is the final outcome of a plethora of events. Targeting the proliferation or inducing programmed cell death in a proliferating population is a major standpoint in the cancer therapy. However, proliferation is regulated by several cellular and immunologic processes. This study reports the inhibition of proliferation by augmenting immune surveillance, silencing acute inflammation, and inducing p53-mediated apoptosis of skin cancer by 3 promising medicinal extracts. We used the well-characterized model for experimental skin carcinogenesis in mice for 32 weeks to study the chemopreventive effect of the methanolic extracts of Trigonella foenumgraecum, Eclipta alba, and Calendula officinalis. All 3 extracts reduced the number, incidence, and multiplicity of tumors, which was confirmed by the pathologic studies that showed regressed tumors. There was a significant reduction in the PCNA+ nuclei in all treatment groups 32 weeks after the initiation. Mechanistic studies revealed that proliferative population in tumors is diminished by the restoration of the endogenous antioxidant defense, inhibition of the stress-related signal-transducing element NFκB, reduction of inflammation, enhancement of immunosurveillance of the genetically mutated cells, along with silencing of the cell cycle progression signals. Finally, all 3 medicinal extracts induced stable expression of p53 within the tumors, confirmed by the CFDA-Cy3 apoptosis assay. Results of our study confirm that these extracts not only limit the rate of proliferation by inhibition of the processes integral to cancer development but also induce stable cytoplasmic expression of p53-mediated apoptosis, leading to fewer and regressed tumors in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farrah Ali
- Section of Molecular Carcinogenesis and Chemoprevention Toxicology, Department of Medical Elementology and Toxicology, Faculty of Science, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi, India
| | - Rehan Khan
- Section of Molecular Carcinogenesis and Chemoprevention Toxicology, Department of Medical Elementology and Toxicology, Faculty of Science, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi, India
| | - Abdul Quaiyoom Khan
- Section of Molecular Carcinogenesis and Chemoprevention Toxicology, Department of Medical Elementology and Toxicology, Faculty of Science, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi, India
| | - Md Abdul Lateef
- Section of Molecular Carcinogenesis and Chemoprevention Toxicology, Department of Medical Elementology and Toxicology, Faculty of Science, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi, India
| | - Tahir Maqbool
- Section of Molecular Carcinogenesis and Chemoprevention Toxicology, Department of Medical Elementology and Toxicology, Faculty of Science, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi, India
| | - Sarwat Sultana
- Section of Molecular Carcinogenesis and Chemoprevention Toxicology, Department of Medical Elementology and Toxicology, Faculty of Science, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi, India
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Mukherjee S, Sushma V, Patra S, Barui AK, Bhadra MP, Sreedhar B, Patra CR. Green chemistry approach for the synthesis and stabilization of biocompatible gold nanoparticles and their potential applications in cancer therapy. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2012; 23:455103. [PMID: 23064012 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/23/45/455103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The biological approach to synthesis of AuNPs is eco-friendly and an ideal method to develop environmentally sustainable nanoparticles alternative to existing methods. We have developed a simple, fast, clean, efficient, low-cost and eco-friendly single-step green chemistry approach for the synthesis of biocompatible gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) from chloroauric acid (HAuCl(4)) using a water extract of Eclipta Alba leaves at room temperature. The AuNPs using Eclipta extract have been formed in very short time, even in less than 10 min. The as-synthesized AuNPs were thoroughly characterized by several physico-chemical techniques. The in vitro stability of as-synthesized AuNPs was studied in different buffer solutions. A plausible mechanism for the synthesis of AuNPs by Eclipta extract has been discussed. The biocompatibility of AuNPs was observed by in vitro cell culture assays. Finally, we have designed and developed a AuNPs-based drug delivery system (DDS) (Au-DOX) containing doxorubicin (DOX), a FDA approved anticancer drug. Administration of this DDS to breast cancer cells (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231) shows significant inhibition of breast cancer cell proliferation compared to pristine doxorubicin. Therefore we strongly believe that the use of Eclipta Alba offers large-scale production of biocompatible AuNPs that can be used as a delivery vehicle for the treatment of cancer diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudip Mukherjee
- Centre for Chemical Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Tarnaka, Hyderabad, AP, India
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