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de Carvalho JCB, de Oliveira IM, Trindade C, Juchem ALM, da Silva Machado M, Guecheva TN, Moura S, de Souza LAG, Vainstein MH, Henriques JAP. Chemical characterization of Callingcard Vine (Entada polystachya (L.) DC. var. polystachya) aqueous seed extract and evaluation of its cytotoxic, genotoxic and mutagenic properties. MUTATION RESEARCH. GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2023; 891:503687. [PMID: 37770144 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2023.503687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Callingcard Vine (Entada polystachya (L.) DC. var. polystachya - Fabaceae) is a common plant in coastal thickets from western Mexico through Central America to Colombia and Brazil, especially in Amazon biome. It has been popularly used as a urinary burning reliever and diuretic. However, the plant chemical constituents are poorly understood and Entada spp. genotoxic potential have not been previously investigated. In the present study we determined the chemical composition of the aqueous E. polystachya crude seed extract (EPCSE) and evaluated the cytotoxic, genotoxic and mutagenic properties of EPCSE in Salmonella typhimurium and Chinese hamster fibroblast (V79) cells. Cytotoxic activity was also evaluated in tumor cell lines (HT29, MCF7 and U87) and non-malignant cells (MRC5). The chemical analysis by High Resolution Mass Spectrometry (HRMS) of EPCSE indicated the presence of saponin and chalcone. The results of the MTT and clonal survival assays suggest that EPCSE is cytotoxic to V79 cells. Survival analysis showed higher IC50 in non-tumor compared with tumor cell lines. EPCSE showed induction of DNA strand breaks as revealed by the alkaline comet assay and micronucleus test. Using the modified comet assay, it was possible to detect the induction of oxidative DNA base damage by EPCSE in V79 cells. Consistently, the extract induced increase lipid peroxidation (TBARS), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities in V79 cells. In addition, EPCSE induced mutations in S. typhimurium TA98 and TA100 strains, confirming a mutagenic potential. Taken together, our results suggest that EPCSE is cytotoxic and genotoxic to V79 cells and mutagenic to S. typhimurium. These properties can be related to the pro-oxidant ability of the extract and induction of DNA lesions. Additionally, EPCSE could inhibit the growth of tumor cells, especially human colorectal adenocarcinoma (HT29) cell line, and can constitute a possible source of antitumor natural agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliane Cristina Bugs de Carvalho
- Department of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Iuri Marques de Oliveira
- Department of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Department of Genetics, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
| | - Cristiano Trindade
- Faculty of Basic and Biomedical Sciences, Simón Bolívar University, Barranquilla, Colombia
| | | | - Miriana da Silva Machado
- Department of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; InnVitro Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Temenouga Nikolova Guecheva
- Department of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Institute of Molecular Biology "Roumen Tsanev", Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Sidnei Moura
- Laboratory of Natural and Synthetics Products, University of Caxias do Sul, Caxias do Sul, RS, Brazil
| | - Luiz Augusto Gomes de Souza
- Environment and Health Society Coordination of the National Institute for Research in the Amazon (COSAS/INPA), Manaus, AM, Brazil
| | - Marilene Henning Vainstein
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - João Antonio Pêgas Henriques
- Department of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Department of Genetics, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; InnVitro Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Postgraduate Programs in Biotechnology and Medical Sciences, University of Vale do Taquari - UNIVATES, Lajeado, RS, Brazil
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Microencapsulation and controlled release of α-tocopherol by complex coacervation between pea protein and tragacanth gum: A comparative study with arabic and tara gums. INNOV FOOD SCI EMERG 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ifset.2022.102951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Elkordy AA, Haj-Ahmad RR, Awaad AS, Zaki RM. An overview on natural product drug formulations from conventional medicines to nanomedicines: Past, present and future. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2021.102459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Benković M, Sarić I, Jurinjak Tušek A, Jurina T, Gajdoš Kljusurić J, Valinger D. Analysis of the Adsorption and Release Processes of Bioactives from Lamiaceae Plant Extracts on Alginate Microbeads. FOOD BIOPROCESS TECH 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11947-021-02632-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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Cadena-Velandia ZG, Montenegro-Alarcón JC, Marquínez-Casas X, Mora-Huertas CE. Quercetin-loaded alginate microparticles: A contribution on the particle structure. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2020.101558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Abstract
Background:
Peptic ulcer is a deep gastrointestinal erosion disorder that involves
the entire mucosal thickness and can even penetrate the muscular mucosa. Nowadays, several
plants and compounds derived from it have been screened for their antiulcer activity. In
the last few years, there has been an exponential growth in the field of herbal medicine. This
field has gained popularity in both developing and developed countries because of their natural
origin and less side effects.
Objective:
This review aims to provide a comprehensive summary of currently available
knowledge of medicinal plants and phytoconstituents reported for their anti-ulcer properties.
Methods:
The worldwide accepted database like SCOPUS, PUBMED, SCIELO, NISCAIR,
ScienceDirect, Springerlink, Web of Science, Wiley, SciFinder and Google Scholar were
used to retrieve available published literature.
Results:
A comprehensive review of the present paper is an attempt to list the plants with
antiulcer activity. The review narrates the dire need to explore potential chemical moieties
that exert an antiulcer effect, from unexploited traditional plants. Furthermore, the present
study reveals the intense requirement to exploit the exact mechanism through which either
the plant extracts or their active constituents exhibit their antiulcer properties.
Conclusion:
This article is the compilation of the plants and its constituents reported for the
treatment of peptic ulcers. The Comprehensive data will surely attract the number of investigators
to initiate further research that might lead to the drugs for the treatment of ulcers. As
sufficient scientific data is not available on plants, most of the herbals cannot be recommended
for the treatment of diseases. This can be achieved by research on pure chemical
structures derived from plants or to prepare new lead compounds with proven beneficial
preclinical in vitro and in vivo effects. However, a lot remains to be done in further investigations
for the better status of medicinal plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minky Mukhija
- Ch. Devi Lal College of Pharmacy, Buria Road, Bhagwangarh, Jagadhri-135003, India
| | - Bhuwan Chandra Joshi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sardar Bhagwan Singh Post Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences and Research, Balawala, Dehradun-248001, India
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Yusuf A, Abdullahi M. The phytochemical and pharmacological actions of Entada africana Guill. & Perr. Heliyon 2019; 5:e02332. [PMID: 31517111 PMCID: PMC6733894 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2019] [Revised: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Entada africana (Ea, Asteraceae) has been widely used traditionally to treat different ailments, as food, insecticides, source of gums, in some small carpentry works. Studies on the pharmacognostic characterization, nutritional, elemental and physicochemical contents has been reported. In vivo and in vitro studies on the plant validated some ethnomedicinal claims of the use of the plant as an anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antibacterial, antioxidant, antiviral, anti-angiogenic, cytotoxic agents among others. Triterpenes, saponins, flavonoids and sugars were reported as bioactive constituents which might be responsible for the aforementioned pharmacological actions of the plant. However, more researches are required in order to isolate bioactive compounds from the different parts of Ea and evaluate their effects on different ailments.
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Affiliation(s)
- A.J. Yusuf
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria
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Harsha C, Banik K, Bordoloi D, Kunnumakkara AB. Antiulcer properties of fruits and vegetables: A mechanism based perspective. Food Chem Toxicol 2017; 108:104-119. [PMID: 28711545 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2017.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2016] [Revised: 05/19/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Gastric ulcer is the damage caused to mucosal layer of the stomach under the action of various factors like high levels of acid and pepsin, invasion by Helicobacter pylori, etc. Although most cases have been controlled and the rate of ulcer occurrence has reduced over the last few decades, gastric ulcer still holds a prime concern today. A range of palliative medicines comprising proton pump inhibitors, H2 receptor antagonists, COX-2 inhibitors (coxibs) is widely in use and patients have also been administered with acid suppression therapies. But these remedies aggravate the condition of patients causing severe side effects, or rather impart temporary relief. Therefore, it is highly imperative to develop safe and effective therapies for the treatment of gastric ulcer. Nature provides us various fruits and vegetables that can combat gastric ulcer through multiple mechanisms; predominantly via antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antisecretory, antimicrobial, anticholinergic and cytoprotective activity, inhibition of small intestinal propulsion etc. Various phytochemicals from fruits and vegetables such as phenolics, flavonoids, tannins and saponins play a vital role in the prevention and cure of gastric ulcer. This review is a compendium of all fruits and vegetables known for their profound antiulcer effect and their underlying mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Choudhary Harsha
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India
| | - Kishore Banik
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India
| | - Devivasha Bordoloi
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India
| | - Ajaikumar B Kunnumakkara
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India.
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Albaayit SFA, Abba Y, Abdullah R, Abdullah N. Prophylactic effects of Clausena excavata Burum. f. leaf extract in ethanol-induced gastric ulcers. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2016; 10:1973-86. [PMID: 27366052 PMCID: PMC4914073 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s103993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Clausena excavata is a natural herb with both antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. It has been used for decades in folkloric practice for the amelioration of various ailments. In this study, the gastroprotective activity of methanolic extract of C. excavata leaves (MECE) was determined in the Sprague Dawley rat ethanol-induced gastric ulcer model. Rats were pretreated with a single dose of vehicle (5% Tween 20), 20 mg/mL omeprazole, 400 and 200 mg/mL of MECE dissolved in 5% Tween 20. Ulcer was induced with 5 mL/kg of ethanol and stomach tissue was obtained after 1 hour. Histological examination was done on hematoxylin and eosin, periodic acid-Schiff, and immunochemically stained gastric mucosal tissues. Prostaglandin E2, superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and lipid peroxidation levels of the gastric tissue homogenates were also determined. Significantly (P<0.05) smaller ulcer areas, less intense edema, and fewer leukocytes’ infiltration were observed in MECE- and omeprazole-treated than in untreated gastric mucosa with ulcer. The gastric pH, mucus production, superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase contents increased, while the lipid peroxidation content decreased as a result of MECE treatment. Bcl-2-associated X protein was underexpressed, while heat shock protein 70 and transforming growth factor-beta protein were overexpressed in the ulcerated gastric mucosa tissues treated with omeprazole and MECE. Similarly, there was a reduction in the levels of tumor necrotic factor-alpha and interleukin-6, while the level of interleukin-10 was increased. This study showed that the gastroprotective effect of MECE is achieved through inhibition of gastric juice secretion and ulcer lesion development, stimulation of mucus secretion, elevation of gastric pH, reduction of reactive oxygen species production, inhibition of apoptosis in the gastric mucosa, and modulation of inflammatory cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaymaa Fadhel Abbas Albaayit
- Faculty of Science, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Yusuf Abba
- Department of Veterinary Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Rasedee Abdullah
- Department of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosis, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Noorlidah Abdullah
- Faculty of Science, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Haidara M, Bourdy G, De Tommasi N, Braca A, Traore K, Giani S, Sanogo R. Medicinal Plants Used in Mali for the Treatment of Malaria and Liver Diseases. Nat Prod Commun 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1601100309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Today, ethno-pharmacology is a very important resource in order to discover new therapies for the current diseases. Moreover, another good justification for the ethno-pharmacological approach is to obtain new, effective, less expensive and simple therapies, limiting at the same time the cost of pharmaceutical research. Two major anti-malarial drugs widely used today, i.e. quinine and artemisinin, came respectively from Peruvian and Chinese ancestral treatments reported in the traditional medicines. In this contest, there is an urgent need for the discovery of new drugs, due to the critical epidemiological situation of this disease and to the growth of resistances. In Mali, malaria and liver diseases remain one of the leading public health problems. Many medicinal plants are often used, in local traditional medicine, for the treatment at the same time of malaria and liver diseases, including hepatic syndromes, jaundice, hepatitis and other hepatic disorders. Moreover, in the local language Bamanan, the word “ Sumaya” is used both for malaria and some liver diseases. In addition, we noted that some of the improved traditional phytomedicines produced by the Department of Traditional Medicine are prescribed by modern doctors both for malaria and liver diseases. In this review, pharmacological, toxicological and phytochemical data on Argemone mexicana L. (Papaveraceae), Cochlospermum tinctorium Perr. ex A. Rich (Cochlospermaceae), Combretum micranthum G.Don (Combretaceae), Entada africana Guillet Perr. (Mimosaceae), Erythrina senegalensis A. DC (Fabaceae), Mitragyna inermis (Willd) Kuntze (Rubiaceae), Nauclea latifolia Smith syn. Sarcocephalus latifolius (Smith) Bruce (Rubiaceae), Securidaca longepedunculata Fresen (Polygalaceae), Trichilia emetica Vahl. (Meliaceae), and Vernonia colorata (Willd) Drake (Asteraceae) are reported. Some of the collected data could be used to improve the actual herbal drugs and to propose new phytomedicines for the management of malaria and liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahamane Haidara
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Université des Sciences des Techniques et des Technologies de Bamako (USTTB), Mali
| | - Geneviève Bourdy
- Laboratoire de Pharmacochimie et Pharmacologie pour le Développement (PharmaDev) de Toulouse, France
| | - Nunziatina De Tommasi
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 84084 Fisciano (SA), Italy
| | - Alessandra Braca
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Pisa, Via Bonanno 33, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | | | | | - Rokia Sanogo
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Université des Sciences des Techniques et des Technologies de Bamako (USTTB), Mali
- Département Médecine Traditionnelle, Bamako, Mali
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Lacatusu I, Badea N, Niculae G, Bordei N, Stan R, Meghea A. Lipid nanocarriers based on natural compounds: An evolving role in plant extract delivery. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.201300488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ioana Lacatusu
- Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science; University POLITEHNICA of Bucharest; Bucharest Romania
| | - Nicoleta Badea
- Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science; University POLITEHNICA of Bucharest; Bucharest Romania
| | - Gabriela Niculae
- Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science; University POLITEHNICA of Bucharest; Bucharest Romania
| | - Natalita Bordei
- Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science; University POLITEHNICA of Bucharest; Bucharest Romania
- S.C. Hofigal Export Import SA; Bucharest Romania
| | - Raluca Stan
- Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science; University POLITEHNICA of Bucharest; Bucharest Romania
| | - Aurelia Meghea
- Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science; University POLITEHNICA of Bucharest; Bucharest Romania
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Owona BA, Njayou NF, Laufer SA, Schluesener HJ, Moundipa PF. Entada africana fraction CH₂Cl₂/MEOH 5% inhibits inducible nitric oxide synthase and pro-inflammatory cytokines gene expression induced by lipopolysaccharide in microglia. Altern Ther Health Med 2013; 13:254. [PMID: 24089706 PMCID: PMC3851269 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-13-254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2013] [Accepted: 09/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Background Inflammatory response in the CNS mediated by microglia cells play an important role in host defense and is implicated in the pathology of neurodegenerative diseases. We investigated the capacity of Entada africana to protect microglia from inflammatory insults by exploring the effect of the CH2Cl2/MEOH 5% fraction (Ea5) on pro-inflammatory cytokines mRNA expression. Finally, we studied the effect of Ea5 on the inhibition of p38 MAPK Kinase. The results were compared to those obtained with Baicalin, a well reported anti-inflammatory flavonoid. Methods Barks from E. africana were harvested in 2010, in the west region of Cameroon. A crude extract was prepared using CH2Cl2/MEOH 1:1 V/V. The crude extract obtained was further fractionated by flash chromatography. A mouse microglia cell line (N9) was stimulated by LPS with or without different concentrations of Baicalin and Ea5. The release of NO was evaluated using the Griess method. The expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines mRNA (TNFα, IL-1β, IL-6) and iNOS/NO were measured by RT- PCR. The inhibition of p38 MAPK Kinase was assessed using ELISA. Results We found that Ea5, as well as Baicalin inhibited LPS-induced NO production in a dose dependent manner. Ea5 was most active in term of NO inhibition (87.07%), in comparison to Baicalin (70.85%). The expression of TNFα, IL-1β, IL-6 and iNOS was strongly suppressed by Ea5 in microglia. Ea5 also inhibited the activity of p38MAPK Kinase, up to 30% for the concentrations tested, whereas a prominent inhibition was obtained with Baicalin. Conclusion These results suggest that E. africana may contain promising compounds useful for the treatment of diseases cause by over-activation of microglia such as Alzheimer disease and other neurological diseases.
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Ayissi Owona B, Njayou NF, Laufer S, Moundipa PF, Schluesener HJ. A fraction of stem bark extract of Entada africana suppresses lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation in RAW 264.7 cells. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2013; 149:162-8. [PMID: 23796875 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2013.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2013] [Revised: 06/12/2013] [Accepted: 06/12/2013] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Entada africana is a plant used in African traditional medicine for the treatment of stomachache, fever, liver related diseases, wound healing, cataract and dysentery. AIMS OF THE STUDY This study aimed at evaluating the anti-inflammatory activity of fractions of the stem bark extract of the plant using lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation in RAW 264.7 macrophages model. MATERIALS AND METHODS The crude extract was prepared using the mixture CH2Cl2/MeOH (1:1, v/v) and fractionated by flash chromatography using solvents of increasing polarity to obtain five different fractions. The effects of the fractions on the cells viability were studied by the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and their inhibitory activity against LPS-induced nitric oxide (NO) production screened by Griess test. The most active fraction was further investigated for its effects on reactive oxygen species (ROS) production using flux cytometry, the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), pro-and anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL1β, TNFα, IL6, IL10 and IL13) by RT-PCR, and the activity of the enzyme p38 MAPK kinase by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS The fractions presented no significant effect on the viability of macrophages at 100 μg/ml after 24h incubation. The CH2Cl2/MeOH 5% (Ea5) fraction was found to be the most potent in inhibiting NO production with a half inhibition concentration (IC50)=18.36 μg/ml, and showed the highest inhibition percentage (89.068%) in comparison with Baicalin (63.34%), an external standard at 50 μg/ml. Ea5, as well as Baicalin significantly (P<0.05) inhibited the expression of TNFα, IL6 and IL1β mRNA, attenuated mRNA expression of inducible NO synthase in a concentration-dependent manner, stimulated the expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL10 and IL13), and showed a 30% inhibition of the activity of p38 MAPK kinase. CONCLUSION The results of the present study indicate that the fraction Ea5 of Entada africana possesses most potent in vitro anti-inflammatory activity and may contain compounds useful as a therapeutic agent in the treatment of inflammatory related diseases cause by over-activation of macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brice Ayissi Owona
- Division of Immunopathology of Nervous System, Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology, University of Tübingen, Germany.
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Traditional use of medicinal plants as febrifuge by the tribals of Purulia district, West Bengal, India. ASIAN PACIFIC JOURNAL OF TROPICAL DISEASE 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s2222-1808(12)60268-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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