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Wang R, Tang D, Ou L, Jiang J, Wu YN, Tian X. β-Sitosterol alleviates the malignant phenotype of hepatocellular carcinoma cells via inhibiting GSK3B expression. Hum Cell 2024; 37:1156-1169. [PMID: 38814517 PMCID: PMC11194219 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-024-01081-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
To explore the effects of β-Sitosterol upon hepatocellular carcinoma cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, invasion, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and to investigate the underlying mechanism using network pharmacology. Human hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines (Huh-7 and HCCLM3) were expose to gradient concentrations of β-Sitosterol (5 μg/mL, 10 μg/mL, and 20 μg/mL). Cell viability and proliferation were assessed using MTT, CCK-8, colony formation, and EdU assays.Flow cytometry was employed to evaluate cell cycle and apoptosis. Scratch and Transwell assays were performed, respectively, to detect cell migration and invasion. The levels of apoptosis-associated proteins (BAX, BCL2, and cleaved caspase3) as well as EMT-associated proteins (E-cadherin, N-cadherin, Snail, and Vimentin) were detected in Huh-7 and HCCLM3 cell lines using Western blot analysis. The drug target gene for β-Sitosterol was screened via PubChem and subsequently evaluated for expression in the GSE112790 dataset. In addition, the expression level of glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK3B) within the Cancer Genome Atlas-Liver Hepatocellular Carcinoma (TCGA-LIHC) database was analyzed, along with its correlation to the survival outcomes of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. The diagnostic efficiency of GSK3B was assessed by analyzing the ROC curve. Subsequently, Huh-7 and HCCLM3 cell lines were transfected with the overexpression vector of GSK3B and then treated with β-Sitosterol to further validate the association between GSK3B and β-Sitosterol. GSK3B demonstrated a significantly elevated expression in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma, which could predict hepatocellular carcinoma patients' impaired prognosis based on GEO dataset and TCGA database. GSK3B inhibitor (CHIR-98014) notably inhibited cell proliferation and invasion, promoted cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 phase in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. β-Sitosterol treatment further promoted the efffects of GSK3B inhibitor on hepatocellular carcinoma cells. GSK3B overexpression has been found to enhance the proliferative and invasive capabilities of hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Furthermore it has been observed that GSK3B overexpression, it has been obsear can partially reverse the inhibitory effect of β-Sitosterol upon hepatocellular. β-Sitosterol suppressed hepatocellular carcinoma cell proliferation and invasion, and enhanced apoptosis via inhibiting GSK3B expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruoyu Wang
- Department of Hepatology, The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410007, Hunan, China
| | - Dan Tang
- Department of Hepatology, The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410007, Hunan, China
| | - Longyun Ou
- Department of Hepatology, The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410007, Hunan, China
| | - Jiacheng Jiang
- Department of Hepatology, The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410007, Hunan, China
| | - Yu-Nan Wu
- Department of Hepatology, The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410007, Hunan, China.
| | - Xuefei Tian
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, Hunan, China.
- Hunan Province University Key Laboratory of Oncology of Tradional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, Hunan, China.
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Ye T, Tang D, Tao C, Chen X, Wang X, Xie Y. Absorption enhancement of peach kernel oil on hydroxysafflor yellow A in safflower extracts and its mechanisms. Food Chem 2024; 458:140218. [PMID: 38964104 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.140218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
Carthamus tinctorius L. (Safflower) is extensively used as a functional food and herbal medicine, with its application closely associated with hydroxysafflor yellow A (HSYA). However, the low oral bioavailability of HSYA in safflower extract (SFE) limits its health benefits and application. Our study found that co-administration of 250, 330, and 400 mg/kg peach kernel oil (PKO) increased the oral bioavailability of HSYA in SFE by 1.99-, 2.11-, and 2.49-fold, respectively. The enhanced bioavailability is attributed to improved lipid solubility and intestinal permeability of HSYA in SFE due to PKO. PKO is believed to modify membrane fluidity and tight junctions, increase paracellular penetration, and inhibit the expression and function of P-glycoprotein, enhancing the transcellular transport of substrates. These mechanisms suggest that PKO is an effective absorption enhancer. Our findings provide valuable insights for developing functional foods with improved bioavailability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taiwei Ye
- Research Center for Health and Nutrition, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Dongyun Tang
- Research Center for Health and Nutrition, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; Pharmacy Department, Xiangshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200020, China
| | - Chunxiao Tao
- Research Center for Health and Nutrition, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xiuping Chen
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xinhong Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yan Xie
- Research Center for Health and Nutrition, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
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Wang J, Zou J, Shi Y, Zeng N, Guo D, Wang H, Zhao C, Luan F, Zhang X, Sun J. Traditional Chinese medicine and mitophagy: A novel approach for cardiovascular disease management. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 128:155472. [PMID: 38461630 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, imposing an enormous economic burden on individuals and human society. Laboratory studies have identified several drugs that target mitophagy for the prevention and treatment of CVD. Only a few of these drugs have been successful in clinical trials, and most studies have been limited to animal and cellular models. Furthermore, conventional drugs used to treat CVD, such as antiplatelet agents, statins, and diuretics, often result in adverse effects on patients' cardiovascular, metabolic, and respiratory systems. In contrast, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has gained significant attention for its unique theoretical basis and clinical efficacy in treating CVD. PURPOSE This paper systematically summarizes all the herbal compounds, extracts, and active monomers used to target mitophagy for the treatment of CVD in the last five years. It provides valuable information for researchers in the field of basic cardiovascular research, pharmacologists, and clinicians developing herbal medicines with fewer side effects, as well as a useful reference for future mitophagy research. METHODS The search terms "cardiovascular disease," "mitophagy," "herbal preparations," "active monomers," and "cardiac disease pathogenesis" in combination with "natural products" and "diseases" were used to search for studies published in the past five years until January 2024. RESULTS Studies have shown that mitophagy plays a significant role in the progression and development of CVD, such as atherosclerosis (AS), heart failure (HF), myocardial infarction (MI), myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury (MI/RI), cardiac hypertrophy, cardiomyopathy, and arrhythmia. Herbal compound preparations, crude extracts, and active monomers have shown potential as effective treatments for these conditions. These substances protect cardiomyocytes by inducing mitophagy, scavenging damaged mitochondria, and maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis. They display notable efficacy in combating CVD. CONCLUSION TCM (including herbal compound preparations, extracts, and active monomers) can treat CVD through various pharmacological mechanisms and signaling pathways by inducing mitophagy. They represent a hotspot for future cardiovascular basic research and a promising candidate for the development of future cardiovascular drugs with fewer side effects and better therapeutic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhui Wang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Fundamentals and New Drugs Research, School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an 712046, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Junbo Zou
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Fundamentals and New Drugs Research, School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an 712046, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Yajun Shi
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Fundamentals and New Drugs Research, School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an 712046, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Nan Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Dongyan Guo
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Fundamentals and New Drugs Research, School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an 712046, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - He Wang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Fundamentals and New Drugs Research, School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an 712046, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Chongbo Zhao
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Fundamentals and New Drugs Research, School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an 712046, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Fei Luan
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Fundamentals and New Drugs Research, School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an 712046, Shaanxi, PR China.
| | - Xiaofei Zhang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Fundamentals and New Drugs Research, School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an 712046, Shaanxi, PR China.
| | - Jing Sun
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Fundamentals and New Drugs Research, School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an 712046, Shaanxi, PR China.
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Chi K, Yang S, Zhang Y, Zhao Y, Zhao J, Chen Q, Ge Y, Liu J. Exploring the mechanism of Tingli Pill in the treatment of HFpEF based on network pharmacology and molecular docking. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e37727. [PMID: 38640300 PMCID: PMC11029988 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000037727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024] Open
Abstract
To explore the mechanism of action of Tingli Pill (TLP) in the treatment of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) by using network pharmacology and molecular docking technology. The active components and targets of TLP were screened using the TCMSP and UniProt databases. HFpEF-related targets were identified using the OMIM and GeneCards databases. Drug-disease intersection targets were obtained via Venny 2.1.0, as well as establishing the "component-target" network and screening out the core active components. Construct a protein-protein interaction network of intersecting targets using the STRING database as well as Cytoscape software and filter the core targets. Gene ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analysis of core targets were performed using the Metascape database. The core active components of TLP for HFpEF were quercetin, kaempferol, β-sitosterol, isorhamnetin and hederagenin. The core targets of TLP for HFpEF were JUN, MAPK1, TP53, AKT1, RELA, TNF, MAPK14, and IL16. Gene ontology enrichment analysis obtained 1528 biological processes, 85 cell components, and 140 molecular functions. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analysis yielded 1940 signaling pathways, mainly involved in lipid and atherosclerosis, regulation of apoptotic signaling pathway, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, HIF-1 signaling pathway, oxidative stress, TNF signaling pathway, and IL-17 signaling pathway. TLP has the characteristics of multi-component, multi-target, and multi-pathway in the treatment of HFpEF. This study lays the foundation for revealing the pharmacodynamic substances and mechanism of TLP in the treatment of HFpEF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuo Chi
- Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Saisai Yang
- Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Yao Zhang
- Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Yongfa Zhao
- The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Jiahe Zhao
- Medical Comprehensive Experimental Center, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Qiuhan Chen
- Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Yuan Ge
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
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Zhu W, Wang S, Zhang L, Xie FQ, Cheng J, Li XK, Chen W, Yan SY, Feng QM. Efficacy and safety of Tongxin formula after stent implantation for acute coronary syndrome: A multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized trial. Explore (NY) 2024; 20:102992. [PMID: 38503613 DOI: 10.1016/j.explore.2024.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to comprehensively evaluate both the efficacy and safety profile of integrating the Tongxin formula with optimal medical therapy (OMT) for patients experiencing acute coronary syndromes subsequent to coronary stenting, over the course of one year. METHODS We enrolled 150 patients diagnosed with acute coronary syndromes who had received stent placement within one month and exhibited a TCM syndrome characterized by Qi deficiency and blood stasis. This group comprised patients with unstable angina, non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction, and ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. The participants were divided equally, allocating 75 to the Tongxin formula group and 75 to a placebo-controlled group. After undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) surgery, both groups received conventional Western medical care, including dual antiplatelet therapy and lipid-lowering medications. The placebo-controlled group received a placebo, while the Tongxin formula group were administered Tongxin formula granules orally. Both study cohorts were monitored for a duration of 6 months. The primary endpoints included the occurrence of major adverse cardiovascular events and the rate of lumen diameter reduction post-treatment in both groups, with the Seattle Angina Scale serving as a secondary assessment tool. Safety evaluations encompassed the measurement of liver and kidney function, coagulation parameters, and other relevant indicators. RESULTS The rate of adverse cardiovascular events in the placebo-controlled group was 42.46 % within a year of surgery, whereas it was 16.90 % in the Tongxin formula group (P < 0.05). Comparing the Tongxin formula group to the placebo-controlled group, there was a decrease in the frequency of unstable angina and readmission due to cardiovascular events (P < 0.05). Coronary angiography performed 6 months after surgery revealed that the Tongxin formula group had considerably less lumen loss than the placebo-controlled group in a number of segments, including the entire segment, within the stent, at the proximal end, and at the distal end (P < 0.05). Six months after surgery, the Seattle angina score was higher in the Tongxin formula group than in the placebo-controlled group (P < 0.05). There were no significant changes in indicators such as liver and renal function as well as coagulation indexes in both groups within the first 12 months after surgery (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION Tongxin formula has been shown to lower the occurrence of major adverse cardiovascular events, minimize narrowing of blood vessel lumen, enhance clinical symptoms, and enhance the quality of life of patients following PCI surgery, all while maintaining a good safety profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 274 Zhijiang Middle Road Jing 'an District, Shanghai 200071, China
| | - Su Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 274 Zhijiang Middle Road Jing 'an District, Shanghai 200071, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 274 Zhijiang Middle Road Jing 'an District, Shanghai 200071, China
| | - Feng-Qun Xie
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 274 Zhijiang Middle Road Jing 'an District, Shanghai 200071, China
| | - Jie Cheng
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 274 Zhijiang Middle Road Jing 'an District, Shanghai 200071, China
| | - Xian-Kai Li
- Department of Cardiology, Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Shi-Yun Yan
- Institute of Science, Technology and Humanities, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Qi-Mao Feng
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 274 Zhijiang Middle Road Jing 'an District, Shanghai 200071, China.
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Zhu WH, Shen Y, Xiao Y, Shi Q, Fan ZX, Feng YQ, Wan HB, Qu B, Zhao J, Zhang WQ, Xu GH, Wu XQ, Tang DZ. Efficacy and safety of Wuhu oral liquid in treating acute soft tissue injuries: a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, double-dummy, parallel-controlled trial. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1335182. [PMID: 38464733 PMCID: PMC10921885 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1335182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Wuhu Oral Liquid (WHOL) is a modified preparation derived from the famous Wuhu Powder, which has a long history of use in treating traumatic injuries. This preparation has anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties and accelerates recovery following acute soft tissue injuries. Aims: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of WHOL in treating acute soft tissue injury associated with qi stagnation and blood stasis syndrome and to provide a basis for applying for the protection of varieties of Chinese medicine for WHOL. Methods: This study was a randomized, controlled, double-blind, multicenter clinical trial in which Fufang Shang Tong Capsule (FFSTC) was selected as the control drug. A total of 480 subjects with acute soft tissue injury associated with qi stagnation and blood stasis syndrome were randomly divided into a test and control group in a 3:1 ratio. The duration of drug treatment was 10 days. The primary outcome was Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) score for pain (including pain at rest and pain on activity). Secondary outcomes included the disappearance time of the pain at rest and on activity; the curative effect of TCM syndrome and improvement in the individual symptoms of TCM (swelling, ecchymosis, and dysfunction); and changes in C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels. Safety was assessed using vital signs, laboratory examinations, electrocardiograms, and physical examinations. Results: Patient compliance was satisfactory in both groups (all between 80% and 120%). After 4 days of treatment, the WHOL group was superior to the FFSTC group in decreasing the VAS scores for pain at rest (-1.88 ± 1.13 vs. -1.60 ± 0.93, p < 0.05) and on activity (-2.16 ± 1.18 vs. -1.80 ± 1.07, p < 0.05). After 7 days of treatment, the WHOL group was superior to the FFSTC group in decreasing the VAS scores for pain on activity (-3.87 ± 1.60 vs. -3.35 ± 1.30, p < 0.01) and improving swelling (cure rate: 60.4% vs. 46.2%, p < 0.05; obvious effective rate: 60.7% vs. 47.0%, p < 0.05). After 10 days of treatment, the WHOL group was superior to the FFSTC group in decreasing the levels of CRP (-0.13 ± 2.85 vs. 0.25 ± 2.09, p < 0.05) and improving the TCM syndrome (cure rate: 44.1% vs. 30.8%, p < 0.05) and swelling (cure rate: 75.6% vs. 67.5%, p < 0.01; obvious effective rate: 75.6% vs. 68.4%, p < 0.05; effective rate: 77.0% vs. 71.8%, p < 0.05). The disappearance time of pain at rest was 8 days in both groups and 9 days on activity in both groups. In addition, there was no statistical difference between the incidence of adverse events (4.5% vs. 2.6%, p > 0.05) and adverse reactions (0.3% vs. 0%, p > 0.05) between the WHOL group and the FFSTC group. No serious adverse events occurred in either group, and no subjects were withdrawn because of adverse events. Conclusion: WHOL relieves the symptoms caused by acute soft tissue injury associated with qi stagnation and blood stasis syndrome more rapidly than FFSTC, and it is effective and safe in the treatment of acute soft tissue injury. Future studies still need a larger sample size to verify its efficacy and safety. Clinical Trial Registration: https:// www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.html?proj=149531, Identifier ChiCTR2200056411.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Hao Zhu
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Spine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Shen
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Spine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Xiao
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qi Shi
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Spine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhao-Xiang Fan
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan-Qi Feng
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong-Bo Wan
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bo Qu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Jun Zhao
- Xi’an Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi’an, China
| | - Wei-Qiang Zhang
- Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guo-Hui Xu
- Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xue-Qun Wu
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - De-Zhi Tang
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Spine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
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Liu Y, Sun J, Yang C, Qin M, Xu S, Zhao Y, Liu G. Safflower yellow for injection enhances anti-coagulation of warfarin in rats: implications in pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics. Xenobiotica 2024; 54:75-82. [PMID: 38445636 DOI: 10.1080/00498254.2024.2326987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
This study investigated whether Safflower Yellow for injection (SYI) would affect the anticoagulation of warfarin in rats.Wistar male rats were divided into six groups randomly and administered with SYI (9 mg/kg, intraperitoneal injection) in single-dose and steady-dose warfarin (0.2 mg/kg, oral gavage), respectively. The pharmacodynamic parameters of PT and APTT were measured by a coagulation analyser. R/S-warfarin concentration was measured by UHPLC-MS/MS, and pharmacokinetic parameters calculated using DAS 2.0 software.The single-dose study demonstrated that SYI, alone or co-administered with warfarin, could significantly increase PT, INR, and APTT values (p < 0.01). R-warfarin Cmax, AUC, and t1/2 values increased by 9.25% (p > 0.05), 25.96% (p < 0.01), and 26.17% (p < 0.01), respectively, whereas the CL/F value reduced by 22.22% (p < 0.01) in the presence of SYI. Meanwhile, S-warfarin Cmax, AUC, and t1/2 values increased by 37.41%, 32.11%, and 31.73% (all p < 0.01), respectively, whereas the CL/F value reduced by 33.33% (p < 0.01). The steady-dose study showed that PT, INR, APTT, and the concentrations of R/S-warfarin increased significantly when SYI was co-administered with warfarin (p < 0.01).SYI can enhance warfarin's anticoagulation intensity and decelerate its metabolism in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, The Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Harbin, China
| | - Jiahui Sun
- College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Chunjuan Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Mengnan Qin
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, The Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Harbin, China
| | - Shiwei Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, The Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Harbin, China
| | - Yue Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, The Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Harbin, China
| | - Gaofeng Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, The Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Harbin, China
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Zhang QQ, Di XM, Cao X, Nie Y, Shuai W, Li J, Zhang H. Analysis of pharmacodynamic components, targets and synergistic action mechanism of Fuyuan Shenghua granule for the treatment of medical-induced incomplete abortion based on network pharmacology. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 319:117118. [PMID: 37659757 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/04/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Fuyuan Shenghua Granule (FYSHG) is a traditional Chinese medicine preparation widely used in our hospital for the treatment of incomplete postpartum uterine repair. However, its pharmacological action, main components, and synergistic mechanism are still unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY The study aims to verify the pharmacological action, identify the main components and explore the synergistic mechanisms of FYSHG for the treatment of medical-induced incomplete abortion. MATERIALS AND METHODS The ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-TOF/MS) was employed to identify the main components of FYSHG after extraction with water and methanol. A medical-induced incomplete abortion rat model was established, and the uterine status was evaluated by morphological and H&E staining analysis. The KEGG enrichment analysis and network pharmacology analysis were used to screen the potential synergistic mechanisms of FYSHG. Hemorheological analysis was employed to analyze the blood viscosity and coagulation of FYSHG-treated rats. The ELISA was used to measure the concentration of E2, progesterone, RCG, IL-1, IL-6, and TNF. The Western blot analysis was employed to measure the protein expression of p38 and NF-κB signaling pathways. RESULTS A total 106 of components of FYSHG were identified and characterized rapidly by UHPLC-Q-TOF/MS technology. Intragastric administration of FYSHG could play a role in promoting uterine involution in rats with medical-induced incomplete abortion. The analysis of its components and targets by network pharmacology showed that the synergetic effect of FYSHG on anti-uterine involution mainly focused on anti-inflammatory, anticoagulant, and hormone regulation. ELISA and Western blot analysis showed that FYSHG mainly inhibited the protein expression of p38 and NF-κB signaling pathways. CONCLUSIONS Our study suggested that FYSHG suppressed the p38 and NF-κB signaling pathway to alleviate inflammation, regulate coagulant function, and correct hormone level, which might contribute to the treatment of medical-induced incomplete abortion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi-Qiang Zhang
- Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Xue-Mei Di
- Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Gynecologic Oncology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Xiang Cao
- Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Yonghong Nie
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Gynecologic Oncology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Wen Shuai
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Gynecologic Oncology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Obstetrics, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong, 250011, China.
| | - Hai Zhang
- Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Gynecologic Oncology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
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Zhang Y, Du J, Jin W, Yang J, Ding Z, He Y, Wan H, Yu L. Uncovering Mechanism and Efficacy of Salvia Miltiorrhiza-Safflower in Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. Neuroscience 2024; 537:1-11. [PMID: 38036060 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2023.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Cerebral ischemia (CI) is the main cause of stroke morbidity and disability. This study aims to identify the early molecular regulation responsible for the therapeutic effectiveness of the Herb pair Danshen-Honghua (DH) for CI. The major targets of DH were identified by searching the public database of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). In addition, GeneCards, Disgenet, and GeneMap databases in OMIM were used to determine the disease targets of CI. A total of 88 common targets of DH and CI were selected, a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was established by Cytoscape, and 19 core targets were screened. These genes were primarily enriched in biological processes including wound healing, reaction to oxidative stress, and response to peptides, lipid and atherosclerosis, Age-rage signaling pathway, and TNF signaling pathway by KEGG and GO enrichments. The effective components of DH had stable binding to these key targets by molecular docking. Finally, it was verified that the mechanism of DH on CI treatment may be related to the activation of the TNF-α/JNK signaling pathway by establishing the middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) rat model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangyang Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Key Laboratory of TCM Encephalopathy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Jiayin Du
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Weifeng Jin
- Key Laboratory of TCM Encephalopathy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Jiehong Yang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Key Laboratory of TCM Encephalopathy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Zhishan Ding
- School of Medical Technology and Information Engineering, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Yu He
- Key Laboratory of TCM Encephalopathy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Haitong Wan
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Key Laboratory of TCM Encephalopathy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Li Yu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Center of Safety Evaluation and Research, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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Fan G, Liu M, Liu J, Huang Y, Mu W. Traditional Chinese medicines treat ischemic stroke and their main bioactive constituents and mechanisms. Phytother Res 2024; 38:411-453. [PMID: 38051175 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke (IS) remains one of the leading causes of death and disability in humans. Unfortunately, none of the treatments effectively provide functional benefits to patients with IS, although many do so by targeting different aspects of the ischemic cascade response. The advantages of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in preventing and treating IS are obvious in terms of early treatment and global coordination. The efficacy of TCM and its bioactive constituents has been scientifically proven over the past decades. Based on clinical trials, this article provides a review of commonly used TCM patent medicines and herbal decoctions indicated for IS. In addition, this paper also reviews the mechanisms of bioactive constituents in TCM for the treatment of IS in recent years, both domestically and internationally. A comprehensive review of preclinical and clinical studies will hopefully provide new ideas to address the threat of IS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Genhao Fan
- Tianjin University of Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Clinical Pharmacology Department, Second Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Menglin Liu
- Tianjin University of Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Clinical Pharmacology Department, Second Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuhong Huang
- Clinical Pharmacology Department, Second Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Wei Mu
- Clinical Pharmacology Department, Second Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
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Hung SW, Liao YC, Chi IC, Lin TY, Lin YC, Lin HJ, Huang ST. Integrated Chinese herbal medicine and Western medicine successfully resolves spontaneous subcutaneous emphysema and pneumomediastinum in a patient with severe COVID-19 in Taiwan: A case report. Explore (NY) 2023; 19:147-152. [PMID: 34955379 PMCID: PMC8667518 DOI: 10.1016/j.explore.2021.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
CASE Serious complications of severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) include subcutaneous emphysema (SE) and pneumomediastinum, which are complicated to treat with conventional Western medicine. We report how combining Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) with Western medicine quickly resolved a patient's COVID-19-associated pulmonary complications, shortened hospital stay and improved quality of life. CLINICAL FEATURES AND OUTCOME A 59-year-old male with a history of smoking and tumors was diagnosed with COVID-19 in May 2021. At hospitalization, his oxygen saturation (SpO2) was 80%, he had a continuous severe cough, rapid shallow breathing, spontaneous SE and pneumomediastinum. By Day 4 of hospitalization, his condition was worsening despite standard care, so CHM was added. After 3-5 days, his coughing had lessened and supplementary oxygen therapy was de-escalated. Nine days after starting CHM, the SE had completely resolved and the patient avoided intubation. His WHO OS 10-point Scale score had fallen from 6 to 3 points and the modified Medical Research Council Dyspnea Scale score from 4 to 2 points. He was hospitalized for 19 days. At 1 week post-discharge, the patient could handle most of his daily activities and experienced minor shortness of breath only when performing labor-intensive tasks. At 1 month, his work output was restored to pre-COVID-19 levels. CONCLUSION CHM combined with standard Western medicine improved pulmonary function, respiratory rate, blood oxygen saturation and shortened the hospital stay of a patient with severe COVID-19 complicated by SE and pneumomediastinum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo-Wen Hung
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, No. 2, Yude Road, North District, Taichung City 404332, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Ching Liao
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, No. 2, Yude Road, North District, Taichung City 404332, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, No. 91, Hsueh-Shih Road, North District, Taichung City 40402, Taiwan
| | - I-Chang Chi
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, No. 2, Yude Road, North District, Taichung City 404332, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Yen Lin
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, No. 2, Yude Road, North District, Taichung City 404332, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chuan Lin
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, No. 2, Yude Road, North District, Taichung City 404332, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Jen Lin
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, No. 2, Yude Road, North District, Taichung City 404332, Taiwan; Department of Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, No. 91, Hsueh-Shih Road, North District, Taichung City 40402, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Teng Huang
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, No. 2, Yude Road, North District, Taichung City 404332, Taiwan; Department of Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, No. 91, Hsueh-Shih Road, North District, Taichung City 40402, Taiwan; Cancer Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, No. 2, Yude Road, North District, Taichung City 404332, Taiwan; An-Nan Hospital, China Medical University, No. 66, Section 2, Zhanghe Road, Annan District, Tainan City 709, Taiwan.
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12
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Zhong HZ, Li MY, Yin XL, Bin CL, Zhou SY, Wei SB. Chinese patent medicines combined with hormone replacement therapy for premature ovarian failure: A Bayesian network meta-analysis. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:1043390. [PMID: 36465907 PMCID: PMC9712806 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.1043390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective The objective of this study was to compare the efficacy differences between Chinese patent medicines combined with hormone replacement therapy (HRT) in the treatment of premature ovarian failure (POF) by the Bayesian network meta-analysis (NMA) method. Methods Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) reporting Chinese patent medicine combined with HRT for POF included Medline (via PubMed), Embase, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure Database (CNKI), Wanfang Database (Wanfang), VIP Database (VIP), and China Biology Medicine Database (CBM) from the inception of the databases to July 2022. Two researchers independently screened the articles, extracted data, and evaluated the quality. The literature that met the inclusion criteria was screened out, the quality and risk of bias of the included studies were assessed according to the Cochrane 5.1 manual and RevMan 5.4, and NMA was performed using Stata 15.0 and R software. Results Sixty-four RCTs involving 5,675 individuals containing 12 oral Chinese patent medicines combined with HRT were enrolled into the current NMA. The results showed that when compared with patients using only HRT, the total clinical response rate is greater in patients using HRT combined with one of these 12 oral Chinese patent medicines. Among them, Zuogui pills + HRT [odds ratio (OR) = 3.92; 95% credible interval (CrI) = 0.86, 23.84; SUCRA = 73.76%] is most likely to be the best intervention, and the suboptimal intervention is Guishen pills + HRT (OR = 3.22, 95% CrI = 1.16, 9.44, SUCRA = 70.60%). Conclusion Chinese patent medicines combined with HRT were more effective than HRT alone in the treatment of POF. Zuogui pills are good at decreasing follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) and more effective in the improvement of total clinical response rate; Xuefu Zhuyu capsule is also good at decreasing FSH. Ziheche capsule is an expert in improving estradiol level; Kuntai capsule shows the lowest incidence of adverse reactions. However, the quality of the literature included in this study is relatively low, so it may affect the results of the study. Therefore, higher quality and multi-center trial would be necessary for supporting these results. Systematic review registration [www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero], identifier [CRD42022350587].
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Shao-Bin Wei
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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13
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Xia X, Wang H, Duan Y, Yang L, He J. The therapeutic effects of Lagopsis supina (Steph. ex Willd.) Ikonn.-Gal. fractions in trauma-induced blood stasis model rats. Heliyon 2022; 8:e11176. [DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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14
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Zhao Z, Liu Y, Zhang Y, Geng Z, Su R, Zhou L, Han C, Wang Z, Ma S, Li W. Evaluation of the chemical profile from four germplasms sources of Pruni Semen using UHPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap-MS and multivariate analysis. J Pharm Anal 2022; 12:733-742. [PMID: 36320598 PMCID: PMC9615524 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2022.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Pruni Semen, the seed of several unique Prunus plants, is a traditional purgative herbal material. To determine the authentic sources of Pruni Semen, 46 samples from four species were collected and analyzed. Ten compounds including multiflorin A (Mul A), a notable purative compound, were isolated and identified by chemical separation and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Seventy-six communal components were identified by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography with linear ion trap-quadrupole Orbitrap mass spectrometry, and acetyl flavonoid glycosides were recognized as characteristic constituents. The flavonoids were distributed in the seed coat and cyanogenic glycosides in the kernel. Based on this, methods for identifying Pruni Semen from different sources were established using chemical fingerprinting, quantitative analysis of the eight principal compounds, hierarchical cluster analysis, principal component analysis, and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis. The results showed that the samples were divided into two categories: one is the small seeds from Prunus humilis (Ph) and Prunus japonica (Pj), and the other is the big seeds from Prunus pedunculata (Pp) and Prunus triloba (Pt). The average content of Mul A was 3.02, 6.93, 0.40, and 0.29 mg/g, while the average content of amygdalin was 18.5, 17.7, 31.5, and 30.9 mg/g in Ph, Pj, Pp, and Pt, respectively. All the above information suggests that small seeds might be superior sources of Pruni Semen. This is the first comprehensive report on the identification of chemical components in Pruni Semen from different species. Chemical constituents of Pruni semen from four Prunus species were compared. Acetyl flavonoid glycosides were identified as the characteristic components. Flavonoids were present in the seed coat and cyanogenic glycosides in the kernel. The content of acetyl flavonoid in small seeds is significant higher than those in big ones.
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15
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Huangqi-Honghua Combination Prevents Cerebral Infarction with Qi Deficiency and Blood Stasis Syndrome in Rats by the Autophagy Pathway. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:9496926. [PMID: 35111232 PMCID: PMC8803436 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9496926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury (CI/RI) contributes to the process of autophagy. Huangqi-Honghua combination (HQ-HH) is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) combination that has been widely used in the treatment of cerebrovascular diseases in China. The role of autophagy in HQ-HH-mediated treatment of CI/RI is unclear. METHODS Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were used to establish the middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) with QDBS syndrome model and evaluate the function of HQ-HH in protecting against CI/RI. RESULTS HQ-HH significantly improved the neuronal pathology and reduced infarct volume, neurological deficits, and whole blood viscosity in rats with CI/RI. Western blot results showed that the expression of autophagy marker proteins LC3II/LC3I and Beclin1 in the HQ-HH group was significantly lower than that in the model group, while the expression of p62 was significantly higher in the HQ-HH group as compared with the model group. There were no significant differences in PI3K, Akt, and mTOR levels between the HQ-HH group and the model group; however, p-PI3K, p-Akt, and p-mTOR were significantly upregulated. In addition, HQ-HH also changed the composition and function of intestinal flora in MCAO + QDBS model rats. CONCLUSION HQ-HH protects from CI/RI, and its underlying mechanism may involve the activation of the PI3K-Akt-mTOR signaling pathway, relating to the changes in the composition of intestinal flora.
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16
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Zhao Y, Yang S, Wu M. Mechanism of Improving Aspirin Resistance: Blood-Activating Herbs Combined With Aspirin in Treating Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Diseases. Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:794417. [PMID: 34975490 PMCID: PMC8718695 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.794417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerotic thrombotic disease continues to maintain a high morbidity and mortality rate worldwide at present. Aspirin, which is reckoned as the cornerstone of primary and secondary prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (ASCVDs), has been applied in clinics extensively. However, cardiovascular events continue to occur even though people utilize aspirin appropriately. Therefore, the concept of aspirin resistance (AR) was put forward by scholars, which is of great significance for the prediction of the clinical outcome of diseases. The pathogenesis of AR may be incorporated with low patient compliance, insufficient dose, genetic polymorphism, increased platelet transformation, inflammation, and the degenerative changes and calcification of platelets. The improvement of AR in the treatment of ASCVDs has gradually become a research hot spot in recent years. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) regards individuals as a whole and treats them from a holistic view, which has been found to have advantages in clinical studies on the treatment of AR. Many kinds of blood-activating TCM have the effect of improving AR. The potential mechanism for the improvement of AR by blood-activating herbs combined with aspirin was explored. The combination of blood-activating herbs and aspirin to improve AR is likely to turn into a hot topic of research in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixi Zhao
- Comprehensive Department, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Shengjie Yang
- Comprehensive Department, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Min Wu
- Comprehensive Department, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Tang JF, Li XL, Li WX, Zhang SQ, Li MM, Zhang H, Wang XY, Niu L. Pharmacokinetic comparison of four major bio-active components of naoxintong capsule in normal and acute blood stasis rats using ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with triple-quadrupole mass spectrometry. WORLD JOURNAL OF TRADITIONAL CHINESE MEDICINE 2022. [DOI: 10.4103/2311-8571.336835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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18
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Mao CQ, Lu TL, Hao M, Zhao MT, Tong HJ, Ji D, Li L, Su LL, Gu W. Ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole/time-of-flight mass spectrometry based bile and urine metabonomics study on the ameliorative effects of Curcuma wenyujin rhizoma on acute blood stasis in rats. WORLD JOURNAL OF TRADITIONAL CHINESE MEDICINE 2022. [DOI: 10.4103/2311-8571.336836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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19
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Tang JF, Li XL, Li WX, Zhang SQ, Li MM, Zhang H, Wang XY, Niu L. Pharmacokinetic comparison of four major bio-active components of naoxintong capsule in normal and acute blood stasis rats using ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with triple-quadrupole mass spectrometry. WORLD JOURNAL OF TRADITIONAL CHINESE MEDICINE 2022. [DOI: 10.4103/wjtcm.wjtcm_53_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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20
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Mao CQ, Lu TL, Hao M, Zhao MT, Tong HJ, Ji D, Li L, Su LL, Gu W. Ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole/time-of-flight mass spectrometry based bile and urine metabonomics study on the ameliorative effects of Curcuma wenyujin rhizoma on acute blood stasis in rats. WORLD JOURNAL OF TRADITIONAL CHINESE MEDICINE 2022. [DOI: 10.4103/wjtcm.wjtcm_55_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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21
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Zhou P, Zhang J, Xu Y, Zhang P, Xiao Y, Liu Y. Simultaneous quantification of anthraquinone glycosides, aglycones, and glucuronic acid metabolites in rat plasma and tissues after oral administration of raw and steamed rhubarb in blood stasis rats by UHPLC-MS/MS. J Sep Sci 2021; 45:529-541. [PMID: 34784448 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202100623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Rhubarb is a widely used herbal medicine. To achieve different effects, rhubarb is usually steamed with rice wine (steamed rhubarb). This steaming treatment increases the blood-activating and stasis-removing effects of rhubarb. A specific and accurate ultra high performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry method was established for simultaneous determination of anthraquinone glycosides, aglycones, and glucuronic acid metabolites in plasma and tissues after administration of raw rhubarb and steamed rhubarb in blood stasis rats. Chromatographic separation was performed on ACQUITY UPLC BEH Shield RP 18 column using the mobile phase consisting of water and acetonitrile both containing 0.1% formic acid. Satisfactory linearity, precision, accuracy, extraction recovery, and matrix effect have been achieved. From pharmacokinetic study, it showed that glucuronic acid metabolites were found abundantly in plasma as bioactive components. The lower area under concentration-time curve, maximum concentration, and higher apparent volume of distribution (P < 0.01), body clearance (P < 0.01) values in steamed rhubarb showed that most components of steamed rhubarb have lower bioavailability in plasma compared with raw rhubarb. But it found these components were mainly distributed in spleen and liver with large blood flow and perfusion rates. The pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution studies of anthraquinone components will provide helpful information for clinical application of steamed rhubarb and raw rhubarb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Zhou
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Yudi Xu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Yongqing Xiao
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Ying Liu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
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22
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Combined Therapy with Traditional Chinese Medicine and Antiplatelet Drugs for Ischemic Heart Disease: Mechanism, Efficacy, and Safety. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:9956248. [PMID: 34745309 PMCID: PMC8566037 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9956248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Ischemic heart disease is a significant risk factor that threatens human health, and antiplatelet drugs are routinely used to treat cases in clinical settings. Chinese medicine for promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis (PBCRBSCM) can often be combined with antiplatelet drugs to treat ischemic heart disease. PBCRBSCM can inhibit platelet adhesion, activation, and aggregation; moreover, PBCRBSCM in combination with antiplatelet drugs exerts antiplatelet effects. The mechanism is related to several factors, including the inhibition of platelet activation and aggregation, improvement of the hemodynamic status and coagulation function, and correction of metabolism and inflammation. PBCRBSCM can also regulate the absorption and metabolism of conventional antiplatelet drugs and protect the gastric mucosal epithelial cells against damage induced by conventional antiplatelet drugs. Randomized controlled trials have confirmed that PBCRBSCM preparations and the active ingredients in these preparations can reduce resistance to aspirin and clopidogrel so that the combination of these drugs can exert their antiplatelet effects. In the perioperative treatment of patients with stable angina pectoris, unstable angina pectoris, and acute coronary syndrome undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention therapy, preparations of the active ingredients of PBCRBSCM combined with antiplatelet drugs and other conventional Western medicine treatments have been proven effective. The efficacy and safety of such combinations have also been extensively verified. Considerable progress has been made to understand the antiplatelet mechanism of PBCRBSCM. However, most clinical studies had problems, such as limited sample size and inappropriate research design, which has limited the translational use of PBCRBSCM in antiplatelet therapy. A large-scale, multicenter, randomized controlled study with cardiovascular events as the endpoint is still to be conducted to provide evidence for the combined application of PBCRBSCM and antiplatelet drugs in the prevention and treatment of ischemic heart disease.
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Zhuang W, Liu S, Zhao X, Sun N, He T, Wang Y, Jia B, Lin X, Chu Y, Xi S. Interaction Between Chinese Medicine and Warfarin: Clinical and Research Update. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:751107. [PMID: 34616303 PMCID: PMC8489681 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.751107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Warfarin is a commonly used oral anticoagulant. It has a narrow therapeutic window and wide variation in individualized dosing, and is used clinically for the treatment of thromboembolic diseases. Due to the widespread use of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in China and the complex composition and diverse mechanisms of action of TCM, the combination of TCM and warfarin in patients has led to fluctuations in the international normalized ratio of warfarin or bleeding. To ensure rational clinical use, we summarize the TCMs with which warfarin interacts and the possible mechanisms, with a view to providing a clinical reference. Aim of the study: To summarize the mechanisms by which Chinese herbal medicines affect the enhancement or weakening of the anticoagulant effect of warfarin, to provide theoretical references for clinicians and pharmacists to use warfarin safely and rationally, and to avoid the adverse effects associated with the combination of Chinese herbal medicines and warfarin. Methods: A computerized literature search of electronic databases, including PubMed, MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, Web of Science (WOS), China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and WANFANG Data was performed. Key words used in the literature search were "warfarin", "Chinese medicine", "traditional Chinese medicine", "Chinese patent medicine" etc. and their combinations in a time limit from January 1, 1990 to May 1, 2021. A total of 64 articles were obtained following the selection process, including clinical reports, pharmacological experiments and in vitro experiments which were reviewed to determine the mechanism of the anticoagulant effect of herbal medicine on warfarin. Results: The mechanisms affecting the anticoagulant effect of warfarin are complex, and herbal medicines may enhance and diminish the anticoagulant effect of warfarin through a variety of mechanisms; thus, clinical use needs to be cautious. Some herbal medicines have shown inconsistent results in both in vivo and ex vivo experiments, pharmacology and clinical studies, and should be the focus of future research. Conclusion: With the widespread use of TCM, the combination of warfarin and TCM is more common. This article will promote clinicians' knowledge and understanding of the TCMs which interact with warfarin, in order to avoid the occurrence of adverse clinical treatment processes, and improve the efficacy and safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhuang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, National Gerontic Disease Clinical Research Center, Beijing, China
| | - Shaoli Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Haiyang People's Hospital, Haiyang, China
| | - Xusheng Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, Haiyang People's Hospital, Haiyang, China
| | - Nan Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Mentougou District Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Tao He
- Department of Pharmacy, Eye Hospital China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yali Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Hepingli Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Beibei Jia
- Department of Pharmacy, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, National Gerontic Disease Clinical Research Center, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaolan Lin
- Department of Pharmacy, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, National Gerontic Disease Clinical Research Center, Beijing, China
| | - Yanqi Chu
- Department of Pharmacy, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, National Gerontic Disease Clinical Research Center, Beijing, China
| | - Shengyan Xi
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
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Xue X, Deng Y, Wang J, Zhou M, Liao L, Wang C, Peng C, Li Y. Hydroxysafflor yellow A, a natural compound from Carthamus tinctorius L with good effect of alleviating atherosclerosis. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 91:153694. [PMID: 34403879 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atherosclerosis is a chronic vascular inflammatory disease with complex pathogenesis. Its serious consequence is insufficient blood supply to heart and brain, which eventually leads to myocardial ischemia, infarction and stroke. Hydroxysafflor yellow A (HSYA), a single chalcone glycoside compound with a variety of pharmacological effects, which has shown a potential biological activity for prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis. PURPOSE The main purpose of this review is to comprehensively elucidate the mechanism of HSYA on atherosclerosis and its risk factors (hyperlipidemia, hypertension and diabetes mellitus). METHOD The literatures on HSYA in the treatment of atherosclerosis and its risk factors were searched in PubMed, Google Scholar, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, including in vitro (cell), in vivo (animal) and clinical (human) studies, and summarized reasonably. RESULTS HSYA is a promising natural product for treating atherosclerosis. It can suppress foam cell formation, vascular endothelial cell dysfunction, vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration, and platelet activation. The mechanisms are achieved by regulating the reverse cholesterol transport process, fatty acid synthesis, oxidative stress, PI3K/Akt/mTOR, NLRP3 inflammasome, TNFR1/NF-κB, NO-cGMP, Bax/Bcl-2, MAPKs, CDK/CyclinD and TLR4/Rac1/Akt signaling pathways. Besides, HSYA is devoted to lowering blood lipids, regulating ion channels, reducing vascular inflammation, and protecting pancreatic beta cells, which is conducive to reducing the harm of independent risk factors of atherosclerosis. CONCLUSIONS HSYA exhibits the preventive and therapeutic effects on atherosclerosis and its risk factors in vivo and in vitro, which is relevant to multiple mechanisms. The clinical trials of HSYA need to be further investigated to provide a solid foundation for its clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyan Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Ying Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Jing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Mengting Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Li Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Cheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Cheng Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
| | - Yunxia Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
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Wang LW, Cui XY, He JF, Duan S, Liu CR, Shan CB, Wang Y, Ma CM. Hydroxysafflor yellows alleviate thrombosis and acetaminophen-induced toxicity in vivo by enhancing blood circulation and poison excretion. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 87:153579. [PMID: 33991865 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hydroxysafflor yellow A (HSYA) from the flower of Carthamus tinctorius (Safflower) has been reported to have various pharmacological effects. However, little is known about the bioactivities of other chemical constituents in Safflower and the relationship between enhancement of blood circulation and hepatoprotection by HSYA. PURPOSE The present research was to evaluate the antithrombotic and hepatoprotective activities of HSYA and C, examine their mechanisms of actions, including influence on the excretion velocity of acetaminophen, and the relationship between the antithrombotic, hepatoprotective, and other bioactivities. METHODS The hepatoprotective activities were examined by acetaminophen (APAP)-induced zebrafish toxicity and carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced mouse liver injury. The concentrations of APAP in zebrafish and APAP that was excreted to the culture media were quantified by UHPLC-MS. The anti-thrombosis effect of HSYA and C were examined by the phenylhydrazine (PHZ)-induced zebrafish thrombosis. RESULTS HSYA and HSYC showed robust protection on APAP-induced toxicity and PHZ-induced thrombosis. The hepatoprotective effects of HSYA and C were more potent than that of the positive control, acetylcysteine (61.7% and 58.0%, respectively, vs. 56.9% at 100 µM) and their antithrombosis effects were more robust than aspirin (95.1% and 86.2% vs. 52.7% at 100 µM). HSYA and C enhanced blood circulation, rescued APAP-treated zebrafish from morphological abnormalities, and mitigated APAP-induced toxicity in liver development in liver-specific RFP-expressing transgenic zebrafish. HSYC attenuated CCl4-induced mouse liver injury and regulated the levels of HIF-1α, iNOS, TNF-α, α-SMA, and NFκB in liver tissues. HSYA was also protective in a dual thrombotic and liver toxicity zebrafish model. By UHPLC-MS, HSYA accelerated the excretion of APAP. CONCLUSION HSYA and C are the bioactive constituents of Safflower that are responsible for the herbal drug's traditional use in promoting blood circulation to remove blood stasis. Safflower and its chalcone constituents may protect from damage due to exogenous or disease-induced endogenous toxins by enhancing the excretion velocity of toxins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010070, China; Key Laboratory of Herbage & Endemic Crop Biology of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010070, China
| | - Xue-Ying Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010070, China; Key Laboratory of Herbage & Endemic Crop Biology of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010070, China
| | - Jiang-Feng He
- Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural & Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hohhot 010031, China
| | - Shen Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010070, China; Key Laboratory of Herbage & Endemic Crop Biology of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010070, China
| | - Chun-Rui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010070, China; Key Laboratory of Herbage & Endemic Crop Biology of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010070, China
| | - Cheng-Bin Shan
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010070, China; Key Laboratory of Herbage & Endemic Crop Biology of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010070, China
| | - Yu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010070, China; Key Laboratory of Herbage & Endemic Crop Biology of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010070, China
| | - Chao-Mei Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010070, China; Key Laboratory of Herbage & Endemic Crop Biology of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010070, China.
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Qiao Y, Shi Y, Wu C, Hou X, Pan X, Deng Z, Wang S. Rapid screening and identification of anticoagulation component from carthami flos by two-dimensional thrombin affinity chromatography combined with HPLC-MS/MS. J Sep Sci 2021; 44:3061-3069. [PMID: 34110096 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202100092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Carthami flos, commonly known as Honghua in China, is the dried floret of safflower and widely acknowledged as a blood stasis promoting herb. The study aimed at investigating the relationship between thrombin and carthami flos through a high-performance thrombin affinity chromatography combined with a high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry system. First, thrombin was immobilized on the glutaraldehyde-modified amino silica gel to prepare the thrombin affinity stationary phase, which was packed into a small column (1.0 × 2.0 mm, id) for recognizing the anticoagulant active components of carthami flos. The target component was enriched and analyzed by the high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry system. Finally, hydroxysafflor yellow A was screened out and identified as the active component. The anticoagulant effects of hydroxysafflor yellow A were analyzed by anticoagulant experiments in vitro, and the interaction of hydroxysafflor yellow A with thrombin was investigated by the molecular docking method. The results proved that hydroxysafflor yellow A (30 μg/mL, 0.05 mM) and carthami flos extract (30 μg/mL) could prolong activated partial thrombin time and thrombin time by 50 and 11%, respectively. Moreover, hydroxysafflor yellow A exhibits a good hydrogen bond field and stereo field matching with thrombin. Overall, it was concluded that hydroxysafflor yellow A might exert an anticoagulation effect by interacting with thrombin and thus could be potential anticoagulant drugs for the prevention and treatment of venous thrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanru Qiao
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P. R. China.,Shaanxi Engineering Research Center of Cardiovascular Drugs Screening & Analysis, Xi'an, P. R. China
| | - Yingdi Shi
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P. R. China.,Shaanxi Engineering Research Center of Cardiovascular Drugs Screening & Analysis, Xi'an, P. R. China
| | - Chen Wu
- College of Pharmacy, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, P. R. China
| | - Xiaofang Hou
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P. R. China.,Shaanxi Engineering Research Center of Cardiovascular Drugs Screening & Analysis, Xi'an, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyan Pan
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P. R. China
| | - Zijie Deng
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P. R. China.,Shaanxi Engineering Research Center of Cardiovascular Drugs Screening & Analysis, Xi'an, P. R. China
| | - Sicen Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P. R. China.,Shaanxi Engineering Research Center of Cardiovascular Drugs Screening & Analysis, Xi'an, P. R. China
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Zhang L, Xu Q, Li Y, Zhao H, Shi X, Peng F, Yu C. Ameliorative Effects of Component Chinese Medicine From Curcumae Rhizoma and Sparganii Rhizoma, a Traditional Herb Pair, on Uterine Leiomyoma in a Rat Model. Front Public Health 2021; 9:674357. [PMID: 34123993 PMCID: PMC8195597 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.674357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Uterine leiomyoma (UL), common benign tumors in women of child-bearing age, are believed to be caused mainly by Qi stagnation and blood stasis, according to a theory of traditional Chinese medicine. Curcumae Rhizoma and Sparganii Rhizoma (CRSR) is a classical herb pair that activates blood circulation to dissipate blood stasis. The purpose of this study was to explore the prevention and treatment effects of CRSR component compatibility on UL in rats. We randomly assigned adult female non-pregnant rats into three groups: a normal control (NC) group, a UL model group, and a CRSR treatment group. We administered to the UL and CRSR groups oral gavage diethylstilbestrol and injected them with progesterone (P) to establish UL for 5 weeks. The CRSR group received a CRSR medicinal solution after daily modeling. The uterus morphology of the UL group showed significantly more swelling than did that of the NC group, and we found no significant abnormalities in the morphology of the CRSR group. The pathological changes associated with UL were relieved in the CRSR group. CRSR improved the related parameters of the uterus and ovarian coefficients, significantly reducing the concentrations of P in the serum and the concentrations of estradiol, P, estrogen receptor, and P receptor in the uterus and ovary. In addition, CRSR significantly improved the abnormal blood conditions of UL, shown by decreases in plasma viscosity, the erythrocyte sedimentation rate equation K value, and erythrocyte aggregation index. Therefore, CRSR component compatibility may prevent and cure UL through the above ways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- Basic Medicine College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiuxia Xu
- Jianghai Branch, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Guangdong, China
| | - Yao Li
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Hospital Affifiliated Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hui Zhao
- Institute of Basic Theory, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xingming Shi
- Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Fu Peng
- West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China
| | - Chenghao Yu
- Basic Medicine College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.,State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Sichuan, China
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A Network Pharmacology Approach to Predict the Proangiogenesis Mechanism of Huangqi-Honghua Herb Pair after Cerebral Ischemia. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:9834856. [PMID: 33953789 PMCID: PMC8064780 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9834856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Objective Huangqi-Honghua herb pair is known for its medicinal value to treat Qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome with a long history in clinical practice. To understand its possible mechanism in a systematic study, a network pharmacological method was addressed. Methods Detailed information on the HH compounds was obtained from two public databases, and oral bioavailability (OB) and drug-like (DL) of the compounds were evaluated. A correlation between HH compounds, its potential targets, and known targets was extrapolated, and the herb-compound-target-disease (H-C-T-D) network was established. Next, the pathway enrichment and essential genes were analyzed. Then, three key genes (VEGFA, VEGFR2, and eNOS), highly associated with angiogenesis, were screened and verified through western blot assay. Results Out of 276 compounds, 21 HH compounds and 78 target genes regulating the major pathways associated with CI in the network are analyzed. The bioactive compounds in HH were active in various signal transduction pathways such as the toll-like receptor signaling pathway, VEGF signaling pathway, TNF signaling pathway, and HIF-1 signaling pathway are important pathways that may regulate anti-inflammatory, antiapoptotic, immune correlation, and antioxidative effects. The core genes are PTGS2, TNF, NOS2, IL6, BCL2, IL1B, SOD2, NOS3, SOD1, MMP9, and VEGFA. The in vitro results suggested that HH treatment could significantly elevate the expression of proangiogenic genes such as VEGFA, VEGFR2, and eNOS compared with OGD groups. Conclusions Our results predict that HH may regulate the expression of VEGFA, VEGFR2, and eNOS via the VEGF and HIF-1 signaling pathway to promote angiogenesis and alleviate cerebral ischemia injury.
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Combined Lipidomics and Network Pharmacology Study of Protective Effects of Salvia miltiorrhiza against Blood Stasis Syndrome. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:5526778. [PMID: 33790973 PMCID: PMC7997765 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5526778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Blood stasis syndrome (BSS) is one of the most common symptoms of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) theory. Previous studies have identified that Salvia miltiorrhiza (Danshen) has beneficial effects on BSS, but there is no relevant research from the perspective of lipidomics to study the mechanism of Danshen against BSS since hyperlipidemia has been the widely accepted risk factor of CVDs. In this study, lipidomics technology combined with network pharmacology was applied to investigate the pathological mechanism of BSS and the protective effects of Danshen. The lipidomics profiling based on the UPLC-QTOF-MS analysis method was applied to identify the differential metabolites in the plasma of blood stasis rats. The related pathway and potential targets involved in the anti-BSS effects of Danshen were predicted by pathway analysis and network pharmacology. The biochemical results showed that Danshen intervention significantly reduced whole blood viscosity (WBV) at all the shear rates and fibrinogen concentration (FIB) (p < 0.01) and increased activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) effectively (p < 0.01). We also found that 52 lipid metabolites, including glycerophospholipid, sphingolipid, glycerolipid, plasmalogen, cholesterol ester, and testosterone, were associated with blood stasis. Moreover, Dgka, Hsd17b3, Hsd3b1, Inppl1, Lpl, Pik3ca, Pik3r1, Pla2g1b, Pla2g2a, Soat1, and Soat2 were predicted as potential targets, while glycerophospholipid metabolism, glycerolipid metabolism, steroid and steroid hormone biosynthesis, phosphatidylinositol signaling system, and ether lipid metabolism were involved as shared critical pathways of lipidomics analysis and network pharmacology. Collectively, this study offered a new understanding of the protection mechanism of Danshen against BSS, which provided new insight to explore the protective effects of Danshen.
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Taohuajing reduces oxidative stress and inflammation in diabetic cardiomyopathy through the sirtuin 1/nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 3 pathway. BMC Complement Med Ther 2021; 21:78. [PMID: 33637069 PMCID: PMC7913206 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-021-03218-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Oxidative stress and inflammation promote the development of diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM). Therefore, inhibiting these processes may show beneficial effects in the treatment of patients with DCM. Taohuajing (THJ) is prepared using Persicae semen (Taoren), Polygonatum sibiricum (Huangjing), and Carthami flos (Honghua) and may have applications in the treatment of DCM. However, the protective effects of THJ have not been thoroughly assessed. Accordingly, in this study, we aimed to investigate the protective effects of THJ in a model of DCM and further clarify the potential mechanisms. Methods A type 2 diabetes mellitus model was generated using male C57BL/6 mice. Echocardiography and histopathology were used to evaluate cardiac function. The expression levels of cytokines were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Western blotting and small interfering RNA were used to evaluate the targets of THJ. Results Compared with the control group, DCM mice showed cardiac dysfunction, metabolic disorder, fibrosis, and disorganized ultrastructure, and THJ treatment significantly inhibited these changes significantly. THJ treatment also inhibited the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA), induced the production of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), decreased the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and suppressed the activation of the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome. These protective effects were abolished by sirtinol, an inhibitor of sirtuin1 (SIRT1). Conclusions Overall, THJ protected the heart from hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress and inflammation in DCM mice via a mechanism involving SIRT1-mediated antioxidant proteins and suppression of the NLRP3 inflammasome.
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Kong H, Zhao Y, Zhu Y, Xiong W, Luo J, Cheng J, Zhang Y, Zhang M, Qu H, Zhao Y. Carbon dots from Artemisiae Argyi Folium Carbonisata: strengthening the anti-frostbite ability. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 49:11-19. [PMID: 33331196 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2020.1862134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
In this study, novel carbon dots (CDs) were discovered and separated from Artemisiae Argyi Folium Carbonisata (AAFC) aqueous extract. AAFC-CDs were characterised by a series of methods, mainly including electron microscopy, optical technology and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Results displayed that AAFC-CDs with a quantum yield (QY) around 0.19% had a size distribution between 6.0 and 10.0 nm and possessed a nearly spherical shape, with a lattice spacing of 0.369 nm. In mice, AAFC-CDs reduced the tissue damage, ear frostbite, and body stiffness caused by cold, and provided energy by increasing the use of blood glucose. The mechanism may be by decreasing concentration of IL-1βk, TNF-α and reducing the rise in blood glucose levels caused by frostbite. This study is the first to indicate that CDs may be the active constituent of AAFC against frostbite, suggesting their potential for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Kong
- Beijing Key Laboratory, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yusheng Zhao
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yafan Zhu
- Beijing Key Laboratory, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Xiong
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Juan Luo
- Beijing Key Laboratory, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jinjun Cheng
- Beijing Key Laboratory, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Meiling Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Huihua Qu
- Beijing Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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Zhang Y, Hong Z, Yuan Z, Wang T, Wu X, Liu B, Ai Z, Wu H, Yang Y. Extract from Rostellularia procumbens (L.) Nees Inhibits Thrombosis and Platelet Aggregation by Regulating Integrin β 3 and MAPK Pathways. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:32123-32130. [PMID: 33344867 PMCID: PMC7745434 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c05227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
AIM OF STUDY The main objective of this study was to investigate the antithrombotic and antiplatelet effect of the extract from Rostellularia procumbenss (L.) Nees and understand the mechanisms by which it exerts its antithrombotic and antiplatelet mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS The antithrombotic effective parts (RPE) were isolated using D101 macroporous adsorption resin and potential active ingredients (JAC) were isolated using the preparative liquid-phase method. The lactate dehydrogenase kit was used to determine the toxicity of RPE and JAC to platelets. The antiadhesion effect of RPE and JAC on platelets was observed by fluorescence microscopy with rhodamine phalloidin. Antithrombotic efficacy of RPE and JAC in vivo was evaluated by establishing a rat tail thrombosis model. Contents of p-selectin, TXB2, and 6-keto-PGF1α in rat serum were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent (ELISA) assay, and the rat black tail rate was measured to prove the protective effect of RPE and JAC on the tail thrombus rat model. Western blot was used for detection of serum-related proteins in the tail thrombus rat model. RESULTS The results showed that RPE had antithrombotic and antiplatelet effects. RPE and JAC have no toxicity to platelets. In vitro experiments showed that RPE and JAC had antiadhesion effects on platelets. In vivo experiments showed that RPE significantly inhibited the increase of p-selectin and TXB2 and significantly increased the content of 6-keto-PGF1α in the serum of rats. Western blot results demonstrated that RPE and JDB significantly inhibited the phosphorylation of the MAPK protein family in the platelets of rats, and RPE also significantly inhibited the phosphorylation of β3 protein. CONCLUSIONS RPE has antithrombotic and antiplatelet activity in vivo and vitro. Its mechanism may be via preventing integrin αIIbβ3 activation, which in turn leads to the inhibition of the phosphorylation of the MAPK family and further suppresses TXA2, which leads to the antithrombotic and antiplatelet effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhang
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Hubei University of
Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Zongchao Hong
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Hubei University of
Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Zixin Yuan
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Hubei University of
Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Tianshun Wang
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Hubei University of
Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Xingpan Wu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Hubei University of
Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Bo Liu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Hubei University of
Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Zhongzhu Ai
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Hubei University of
Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Hezhen Wu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Hubei University of
Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China
- Key Laboratory
of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources and Chemistry of Hubei Province, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional
Chinese Medicine of New Products for Geriatrics Hubei Province, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Yanfang Yang
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Hubei University of
Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China
- Key Laboratory
of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources and Chemistry of Hubei Province, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional
Chinese Medicine of New Products for Geriatrics Hubei Province, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China
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Lagopsis supina extract and its fractions exert prophylactic effects against blood stasis in rats via anti-coagulation, anti-platelet activation and anti-fibrinolysis and chemical characterization by UHPLC-qTOF-MS/MS. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 132:110899. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
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Wang Y, Jia Q, Zhang Y, Wei J, Liu P. Amygdalin Attenuates Atherosclerosis and Plays an Anti-Inflammatory Role in ApoE Knock-Out Mice and Bone Marrow-Derived Macrophages. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:590929. [PMID: 33192531 PMCID: PMC7658180 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.590929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Amygdalin, the main component of Prunus persica (L.) Stokes, has been used to treat atherosclerosis in mouse model due to its anti-inflammatory role. However, the underlying mechanism remains poorly understood. This study aimed to evidence the influence of amygdalin on high-fat diet-induced atherosclerosis in ApoE knock-out (ApoE−/−) mice, and unravel its anti-inflammatory mechanism. ApoE−/− mice fed with high-fat diet for eight weeks were randomly divided into four groups and injected with amygdalin at the concentration of 0.08 or 0.04 mg/kg for 12 weeks. Additionally, bone marrow-derived macrophages were intervened with oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) or lipopolysaccharide plus various concentrations of amygdalin for further exploration. Body weight, serum lipid profiles and inflammatory cytokines were detected by ELISA, gene expression by RT-PCR, plaque sizes by Oil Red O, lymphatic vessels of heart atrium and Tnfα production by immunofluorescence staining. MAPKs, AP-1 and NF-κB p65 pathways were also explored. Amygdalin decreased body weight, serum lipids, plaque size, lymphatic vessels and inflammatory cytokines (Il-6, Tnfα), Nos1 and Nos2, and increased Il-10 expression in ApoE−/− mice. In oxLDL-induced bone marrow-derived macrophages, amygdalin reduced inflammatory cytokines (Il-6, Tnfα), Nos1 and Nos2, and increased Il-10 production. These effects were associated with the decreased phosphorylation of Mapk1, Mapk8, Mapk14, Fos and Jun, and the translocation of NF-κB p65 from nucleus to cytoplasm. The results suggested that amygdalin could attenuate atherosclerosis and play an anti-inflammatory role via MAPKs, AP-1 and NF-κB p65 signaling pathways in ApoE−/− mice and oxLDL-treated bone marrow-derived macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiru Wang
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qingyun Jia
- Second Ward of Trauma Surgery Department, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, China
| | - Yifan Zhang
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Wei
- Shanghai Xuhui Central Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping Liu
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Gao D, Wu SN, Zhang CE, Li RS, Liu ZJ, Xiao XH, Li L, Wang JB, Zhang L, Niu M. Exploration in the mechanism of rhubarb for the treatment of hyperviscosity syndrome based on network pharmacology. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 261:113078. [PMID: 32534118 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Hyperviscosity syndrome (HVS) is a major risk factor for thrombotic diseases. Rhubarb, well-known as a traditional Chinese medicine, exhibits multiple pharmacological activities, especially for promoting blood circulation to remove blood stasis (PBRB), which has been become a functional health food for decreasing the risk of cardiovascular diseases. However, due to the complexity of rhubarb components, it is still difficult to clarify the specific targets of effective substances in PBRB, and the pharmacodynamic mechanism needs to be further probed. MATERIALS AND METHODS The "compound-target-cell-disease" network analysis was initially used to predict potential targets and bioactive compounds. The effect of rhubarb for the treatment of HVS was examined by histopathology and biochemical assays based on the HVS rat model. RESULTS Through the "compound-target-cell-disease" network analysis, eight potential therapeutic targets were eventually screened out, and platelets were predicted as the main effector cells of rhubarb in PBRB. Among targets coagulation factor II (prothrombin, F2) and fibrinogen gamma chain (FGG) were closely related to platelets, and five compounds associated with F2 and FGG were predicted including emodin-8-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (Emo), physcion-8-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (Phy), procyanidin B-5,3'-O-gallate, torachrysone-8-O-beta-D-(6'-oxayl)-glucoside and epicatechin. Furthermore, thoracic aorta histopathology and biochemical examinations showed middle dose of rhubarb (0.42 g/kg/day) significantly ameliorated pathological changes, hemorheology parameters, as well as levels of representative biomarkers such as plasma P-selectin (P-sel) and thromboxane (TXB2) in platelet activation compared to HVS rat model, whose effects were comparable to the positive drug aspirin or even better. Finally, it was further validated F2 and FGG as the major effective targets of rhubarb as well as its two active ingredients Emo and Phy in PBRB. CONCLUSIONS This study may provide an innovative way and scientific information to further understand the main effective components of rhubarb and its mechanisms about targets of F2 and FGG in PBRB, especially the new therapeutic target FGG, which also provide a basis for establishing a quality control for rhubarb by bioassays that could correlate the clinical efficacy and its mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Gao
- Department of Pharmacy, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing Engineering Research Center for Nervous System Drugs, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Diseases of Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100053, China; Department of China Military Institute of Chinese Materia, The Fifth Medical Centre, Chinese PLA (People's Liberation Army) General Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China.
| | - Shan-Na Wu
- Department of China Military Institute of Chinese Materia, The Fifth Medical Centre, Chinese PLA (People's Liberation Army) General Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China.
| | - Cong-En Zhang
- Department of China Military Institute of Chinese Materia, The Fifth Medical Centre, Chinese PLA (People's Liberation Army) General Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China.
| | - Rui-Sheng Li
- Research Center for Clinical and Translational Medicine, Fifth Medical Center, General Hospital of Chinese PLA, Beijing, 100039, China.
| | - Zhen-Jie Liu
- Department of China Military Institute of Chinese Materia, The Fifth Medical Centre, Chinese PLA (People's Liberation Army) General Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China.
| | - Xiao-He Xiao
- Department of China Military Institute of Chinese Materia, The Fifth Medical Centre, Chinese PLA (People's Liberation Army) General Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China.
| | - Lin Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing Engineering Research Center for Nervous System Drugs, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Diseases of Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100053, China.
| | - Jia-Bo Wang
- Department of China Military Institute of Chinese Materia, The Fifth Medical Centre, Chinese PLA (People's Liberation Army) General Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China.
| | - Lan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing Engineering Research Center for Nervous System Drugs, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Diseases of Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100053, China.
| | - Ming Niu
- Department of China Military Institute of Chinese Materia, The Fifth Medical Centre, Chinese PLA (People's Liberation Army) General Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China.
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Efficacy and Safety of Blood Stasis Based Herbal Medicine for Patients with Traffic Accident : A Prospective Observational Study. JOURNAL OF ACUPUNCTURE RESEARCH 2020. [DOI: 10.13045/jar.2020.00038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Blood stasis (BS) is commonly used for pattern identification in traumatic injuries, including traffic accidents (TAs). Various studies have identified the efficacy of Korean medicine treatments for TA patients, but studies focusing on the BS-based herbal medicine (BSHM), including Tongdo-san (TDS), are rare.<br/>Methods: This was a single-center, prospective observational study, conducted from August 24th, 2018 to December 27th, 2018, which included 40 TA patients. Participants underwent routine Korean medicine treatments including acupuncture, electronic moxibustion, cupping, physical therapy, and herbal medicine. In the herbal medicine treatment, participants took BSHM with more than 3 days including taking TDS. The primary outcome measures were the scores from a 100 mm visual analogue scale (VAS) and numerical rating scale (NRS). Secondary outcome measures included scores from EuroQol-5 dimension (EQ-5D) and EQVAS questionnaires, the BS and cold/heat indices, and safety assessments.<br/>Results: There were significant improvements in the VAS, NRS, EQ-5D, EQ-VAS scores, and BS index after treatment. In the sub-analysis, VAS, NRS, EQ-5D, and EQ-VAS scores were higher in groups with a higher BS index. The moderate and severe BS index groups showed more improvement than the minor BS index group, and there was a significant difference in the EQ-5D scores. There was no significant differences observed in cold/heat index groups scores.<br/>Conclusion: BS is associated with TA-related symptoms. BSHM, including TDS, may significantly reduce BS, pain, and discomfort.
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Network meta-analysis: Aspirin plus traditional Chinese medicine for stroke prevention in patients with atrial fibrillation. J Herb Med 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hermed.2020.100355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Zhang DQ, Mu YP, Xu Y, Chen JM, Liu P, Liu W. Research Progress in Chinese Medicine Preparations for Promoting Blood Circulation and Removing Blood Stasis for Cirrhotic Patients with Portal Vein Thrombosis Following Splenectomy. Chin J Integr Med 2020; 28:855-863. [PMID: 32691285 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-020-3271-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
This article presented an overview of the therapeutic effects of Chinese medicine (CM) preparations for promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis for patients with portal vein thrombosis (PVT) after splenectomy. Based on published clinical researches of CM preparations for PVT after splenectomy in patients with cirrhotic portal hypertension (CPH), this paper evaluated the incidence of PVT, and explored potential active components and mechanisms of CM preparations. Safflower Yellow Injection, Danshen Injection () Danhong Injection (), and Compound Danshen Dropping Pill () achieved good curative effect alone or combined with anticoagulant therapy. In addition, Compound Biejia Ruangan Tablet () and Anluo Huaxian Pill () can also significantly improve the hemodynamic disorders of portal vein system in patients with cirrhosis. Considering the role of CM preparations in ameliorating the incidence of PVT after splenectomy in patients with CPH, we suggested that future research should provide more attention to CM alone or CM combined with anticoagulant for cirrhosis with PVT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ding-Qi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Clinical Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Yong-Ping Mu
- Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Clinical Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Ying Xu
- Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Clinical Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Jia-Mei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Clinical Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Ping Liu
- Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Clinical Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Complex Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Clinical Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
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Zhang J, Li X, Huang L. Anticancer activities of phytoconstituents and their liposomal targeting strategies against tumor cells and the microenvironment. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2020; 154-155:245-273. [PMID: 32473991 PMCID: PMC7704676 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2020.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Various bioactive ingredients have been extracted from Chinese herbal medicines (CHMs) that affect tumor progression and metastasis. To further understand the mechanisms of CHMs in cancer therapy, this article summarizes the effects of five categories of CHMs and their active ingredients on tumor cells and the tumor microenvironment. Despite their treatment potential, the undesirable physicochemical properties (poor permeability, instability, high hydrophilicity or hydrophobicity, toxicity) and unwanted pharmacokinetic profiles (short half-life in blood and low bioavailability) restrict clinical studies of CHMs. Therefore, development of liposomes through relevant surface modifying techniques to achieve targeted CHM delivery for cancer cells, i.e., extracellular and intracellular targets and targets in tumor microenvironment or vasculature, have been reviewed. Current challenges of liposomal targeting of these phytoconstituents and future perspective of CHM applications are discussed to provide an informative reference for interested readers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCM, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCM, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, Jiangxi, China
| | - Leaf Huang
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States.
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Zhang Y, Yu L, Jin W, Li C, Wang Y, Wan H, Yang J. Simultaneous Optimization of the Ultrasonic Extraction Method and Determination of the Antioxidant Activities of Hydroxysafflor Yellow A and Anhydrosafflor Yellow B from Safflower Using a Response Surface Methodology. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25051226. [PMID: 32182800 PMCID: PMC7179454 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25051226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 02/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
An evaluation of the ultrasonic extraction process and the antioxidant activities of hydroxysafflor yellow A (HSYA) and anhydrosafflor yellow B (AHSYB) from safflower are presented herein. Using response surface methodology (RSM), based on a four-factor-three-level Box–Behnken design (BBD), the extraction parameters, namely, temperature, extraction time, solvent-to-material ratio, and extraction power, were optimized for maximizing the yields of HSYA and AHSYB. The maximum yield was obtained at a temperature of 66 °C with an extraction time of 36 min, solvent-to-material ratio of 16 mL/g, and the extraction power of 150 W, which was adjusted according to the actual conditions. The HSYA and AHSYB contents were determined using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The yield and the comprehensive evaluation value of HSYA and AHSYB were calculated. The antioxidant activities of the extracts were determined using a ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) kit and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity. The results suggested that the safflower extracts possessed obvious ferric reducing and DPPH radical scavenging activities. The antioxidant activity increased with increasing concentration. The results suggested that optimizing the conditions of ultrasonic extraction using RSM can significantly increase the yields of HSYA and AHSYB from safflower. The safflower extracts showed better antioxidant activity. This study can encourage future research on cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangyang Zhang
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang, China; (Y.Z.); (L.Y.); (C.L.); (Y.W.)
| | - Li Yu
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang, China; (Y.Z.); (L.Y.); (C.L.); (Y.W.)
| | - Weifeng Jin
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang, China;
| | - Chang Li
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang, China; (Y.Z.); (L.Y.); (C.L.); (Y.W.)
| | - Yu Wang
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang, China; (Y.Z.); (L.Y.); (C.L.); (Y.W.)
| | - Haitong Wan
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang, China; (Y.Z.); (L.Y.); (C.L.); (Y.W.)
- Correspondence: (H.W.); (J.Y.)
| | - Jiehong Yang
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang, China
- Correspondence: (H.W.); (J.Y.)
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Orgah JO, He S, Wang Y, Jiang M, Wang Y, Orgah EA, Duan Y, Zhao B, Zhang B, Han J, Zhu Y. Pharmacological potential of the combination of Salvia miltiorrhiza (Danshen) and Carthamus tinctorius (Honghua) for diabetes mellitus and its cardiovascular complications. Pharmacol Res 2020; 153:104654. [PMID: 31945473 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.104654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Revised: 12/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome, such as diabetes mellitus, obesity, atherosclerosis, and high blood pressure (HBP), are closely linked pathophysiologically. However, current monotherapies for metabolic syndrome fail to target the multifactorial pathology via multiple mechanisms, as well as resolving the dysfunctionality of the cells and organs of the body. We aimed to provide a comprehensive and up-to-date review of the pharmacological advances, therapeutic potential, and phytochemistry of Salvia miltiorrhiza, Carthamus tinctorius, and Danhong injection (DHI). We discussed the molecular mechanisms of the bioactive constituents relating to diabetes mellitus and metabolic disease for further research and drug development. Interestingly, Salvia miltiorrhiza, Carthamus tinctorius, and DHI have anti-inflammatory, anti-glycemic, anti-thrombotic, and anti-cancer properties; and they mainly act by targeting the dysfunctional vasculatures including the inflammatory components of the disease to provide vascular repair as well as resolving oxidative stress. The major bioactive chemical constituents of these plants include polyphenolic acids, diterpene compounds, carthamin, and hydroxysafflor yellow A. Treatment of diabetes mellitus and its associated cardiovascular complication requires a comprehensive approach involving the use of appropriate traditional Chinese medicine formula. Danshen, Honghua, and DHI target the multiple risk factors regulating the physiologic function of the body and restore normalcy, apart from the traditional advice on exercise and diet control as treatment options in a metabolic syndrome patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- John O Orgah
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beihua South Road, JingHai District, Tianjin 301617, China; Research and Development Center of TCM, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biotechnology and Medicine, 220 Dongting Road, TEDA, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Shuang He
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beihua South Road, JingHai District, Tianjin 301617, China; Research and Development Center of TCM, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biotechnology and Medicine, 220 Dongting Road, TEDA, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Yule Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beihua South Road, JingHai District, Tianjin 301617, China; Research and Development Center of TCM, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biotechnology and Medicine, 220 Dongting Road, TEDA, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Miaomiao Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beihua South Road, JingHai District, Tianjin 301617, China; Research and Development Center of TCM, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biotechnology and Medicine, 220 Dongting Road, TEDA, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Yuefei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beihua South Road, JingHai District, Tianjin 301617, China; Research and Development Center of TCM, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biotechnology and Medicine, 220 Dongting Road, TEDA, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Emmanuel A Orgah
- Nigeria Natural Medicine Development Agency, 9 Kofo Abayomi Street, Victoria Island Logos, Nigeria
| | - Yajun Duan
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials of Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin 300193, China; College of Biomedical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Buchang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beihua South Road, JingHai District, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Boli Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beihua South Road, JingHai District, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Jihong Han
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials of Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin 300193, China; College of Biomedical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Yan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beihua South Road, JingHai District, Tianjin 301617, China; Research and Development Center of TCM, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biotechnology and Medicine, 220 Dongting Road, TEDA, Tianjin 300457, China.
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Taohong Siwu Decoction Exerts a Beneficial Effect on Cardiac Function by Possibly Improving the Microenvironment and Decreasing Mitochondrial Fission after Myocardial Infarction. Cardiol Res Pract 2019; 2019:5198278. [PMID: 31885903 PMCID: PMC6925791 DOI: 10.1155/2019/5198278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Revised: 10/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease has been established as a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, resulting in a huge burden to patients, families, and society. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) presents several advantages for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases including multitargets, multi-ingredients, fewer side effects, and low cost. In this study, a rat model of myocardial infarction (MI) was established by ligating the anterior descending branch of the left coronary artery, and the effect of the Taohong Siwu decoction (THSWD) on cardiac function was evaluated in MI rats. Following the intragastric administration of THSWD, the cardiac function was examined using echocardiography. The infarct size and collagen deposition in the infarct area were measured using Masson's trichrome staining, and the number of CD31- and α-SMA-positive blood vessels in the peri-infarct and infarct area was evaluated by immunofluorescent staining. The mRNA expression of bFGF, IGF-1, and HGF was detected using RT-PCR assay. Cell apoptosis in the infarcted area was assessed by TUNEL staining, and the p-Akt level was detected using the western blot assay. The mitochondrial ROS production was measured using MitoSOX staining, and mitochondrial dynamics and mitophagy were evaluated with western blotting 7 days after THSWD treatment. THSWD increased the ejection fraction (EF) and fractional shortening (FS) values in the rat hearts; however, no statistical difference was found between the THSWD and MI groups 4 weeks after treatment. Furthermore, THSWD significantly decreased the value of the left ventricular end-systolic volume (LVESV). Compared with the model group, THSWD significantly increased the expression of IGF-1 and bFGF, reduced collagen deposition, promoted angiogenesis, reduced cell apoptosis, and activated the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Notably, THSWD significantly decreased mitochondrial ROS production and Fis1 expression. No statistical differences were observed in the expression of mitochondrial LC3B and Mfn1 between the THSWD and control groups. In summary, THSWD may possess a beneficial effect on cardiac function by improving the local ischemic microenvironment and by decreasing mitochondrial fission after MI. Hence, this may present a promising auxiliary strategy in the treatment of ischemic cardiomyopathy such as MI.
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Xin-Di H, Chang-Song D, Hao L, Shi-Wei X, Li-Song L. Research on Herb Pairs of Classical Formulae of ZHANG Zhong-Jing Using Big Data Technology. DIGITAL CHINESE MEDICINE 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dcmed.2020.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
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He Y, Su W, Chen T, Zeng X, Yan Z, Guo J, Yang W, Wu H. Identification of prototype compounds and derived metabolites of naoxintong capsule in beagle dog urine and feces by UFLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2019; 176:112806. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2019.112806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Revised: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Boháčová I, Procházková S, Halko R. Separation and determination of amygdalin and unnatural neoamygdalin in natural food supplements by HPLC-DAD. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2019; 36:1445-1452. [PMID: 31397641 DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2019.1650962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
This work is focused on separation and determination of amygdalin and its unnatural form neoamygdalin in natural food supplements. Reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography with a high-stability silica-based column with C18 functional group has been used for solving this problem. The effect of the mobile phase composition as well as the column temperature on the separation of the amygdalin epimers has been investigated. Isocratic elution using a mobile phase composed of 0.05% aqueous formic acid and acetonitrile achieved the required separation within 17 min. Under optimum chromatographic conditions, the developed method was validated and was applied for the determination of amygdalin epimers in natural food supplements containing apricot or peach kernels. A simple extraction method using methanol as an extractant supported by an ultrasonic bath was used with recovery in the range of 94.8% to 104.3%. The limit of detection and limit of quantification values for R-amygdalin were 0.13 mg/L and 0.40 mg/L, respectively. The developed method proved to be precise with the intra-day and inter-day relative standard deviation values less than 2.23%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iveta Boháčová
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava , Bratislava , Slovak Republic
| | - Simona Procházková
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava , Bratislava , Slovak Republic
| | - Radoslav Halko
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava , Bratislava , Slovak Republic
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UPLC-Q-TOF/MS-Based Plasma Metabolomics to Evaluate the Effects of Aspirin Eugenol Ester on Blood Stasis in Rats. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24132380. [PMID: 31252591 PMCID: PMC6651160 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24132380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2019] [Revised: 06/23/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aspirin eugenol ester (AEE) is a novel compound that is formed from the esterification of aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid (ASA)) and eugenol. This study aimed to investigate the effects of AEE on blood stasis in rats and to characterize the underlying mechanisms using a plasma metabolomic study. The results indicate that AEE and ASA could modulate whole blood viscosity (WBV), plasma viscosity (PV), blood coagulation parameters, platelet count, platelet aggregation, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatinine (CR) and the levels of thromboxane A2 (TXA2) and 6-keto prostaglandin F1α (6-keto-PGF1α). The metabolic profiles of the plasma samples from all groups were clearly separated in the score plots. Nineteen potential metabolites were selected and identified, and disordered levels of these metabolites could be regulated by AEE and ASA. Pathway analysis showed that the mechanism of action of AEE on blood stasis might be principally related to the metabolism of amino acid, fatty acid, energy and glycerophospholipid. The above results indicate that AEE protected the rats against blood stasis, and that this effect might have been caused by the anticoagulation activity of AEE and its abilities to maintain a balance between TXA2 and PGI2, reduce blood viscosity, inhibit platelet aggregation and normalize the plasma metabolic profile.
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Cui X, Shen YM, Jiang S, Qian DW, Shang EX, Zhu ZH, Duan JA. Comparative analysis of the main active components and hypoglycemic effects after the compatibility of Scutellariae Radix and Coptidis Rhizoma. J Sep Sci 2019; 42:1520-1527. [PMID: 30734512 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201801204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Revised: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
In this study, a rapid and highly sensitive ultra high performance liquid chromatography with triple quadrupole mass spectrometry method with the mobile phase of acetonitrile and 0.1% aqueous formic acid was established and successfully applied to comparatively analyze main active components after their compatibility. Besides, the effects of Scutellariae Radix, Coptidis Rhizoma and combined extracts on type 2 diabetic rats induced by high-fat diet along with low dose of streptozocin were investigated. Under the optimized chromatographic conditions, good separation of seven target components was achieved within 12 min. All calibration curves exhibited good linearity (R2 ≥ 0.999). The relative standard deviation of precision, repeatability and stability varied from 0.69 to 2.23, 0.98 to 2.56, and 0.92 to 2.57%, respectively. The recovery ranged from 91.11 to 105.35%. The contents of seven active components were notably reduced after compatibility; however, the hypoglycemic effect of combined extracts was stronger than single drug by decreasing the activities of fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase, glucose 6-phosphatase, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase and increasing the activities of glucokinase, phosphofructokinase, pyruvate kinase. Accordingly, the established analytical method was accurate and sensitive enough for quantitative evaluation of seven investigated compounds. Moreover, the combined extract had definite effects on type 2 diabetes through multiple components against multiple targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Cui
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Yu-Meng Shen
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Shu Jiang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Da-Wei Qian
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Er-Xin Shang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Zhen-Hua Zhu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Jin-Ao Duan
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P. R. China
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Wang YL, Zhang Q, Yin SJ, Cai L, Yang YX, Liu WJ, Hu YJ, Chen H, Yang FQ. Screening of blood-activating active components from Danshen-Honghua herbal pair by spectrum-effect relationship analysis. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 54:149-158. [PMID: 30668364 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2018.09.176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2018] [Revised: 07/18/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Danshen (Salvia miltiorrhiza, DS) and Honghua (Carthamus tinctorius, HH) are commonly used traditional Chinese medicines for activating blood and removing stasis, and DS-HH (DH) herbal pair had potential synergistic effects on promoting blood circulation. Therefore, it is essential to make clear the active components of this herbal pair for better understanding their potential synergistic effects. PURPOSE To comprehensively evaluate the activity of DH herbal pair on physiological coagulation system of rats, and seek their potential active components by spectrum-effect relationship analysis. METHODS The water extracts of DH herbal pair with different proportions (DS: HH = 1:1, 2:1, 3:1, 5:1, 1:5 and 1:3) were prepared. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into eight groups: blank group, model group, model + 1:1 (DH) group, model + 2:1 group, model + 3:1 group, model + 5:1 group, model + 1:5 group and model + 1:3 group. The intragastric administration was performed for eight times with 12 h intervals. SC40 semi-automatic coagulation analyzer was employed to determine coagulation indices. Meanwhile, HPLC and LC-MS were applied for chemical analyses of DH extracts. Finally, the active ingredients were screened by spectrum-effect relationship analysis and the activities of major predicted compounds were validated in vitro. RESULTS Different proportions of DH extracts could significantly prolong thrombin time (TT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), increase prothrombin time (PT) and decrease fibrinogen (FIB) content, reduced whole blood viscosity (WBV) and plasma viscosity (PV), decreased erythrocyte sedimentation rate blood (ESR) compared with model group. Furthermore, fifteen highly related components were screened out by the spectrum-effect relationship and LC-MS analysis, of which caffeic acid, salvianolic acid B, hydroxysafflor yellow A and lithospermate acid had significant blood-activing effect by prolong APTT and decrease FIB content at high (0.6 mM), medium (0.3 mM) and low (0.15 mM) (except lithospermate acid) concentrations in vitro. CONCLUSIONS DH herbal pair showed strong blood-activating effect on blood stasis rat through regulating the parameters involved in haemorheology and plasma coagulation system. Four active compounds, caffeic acid, salvianolic acid B, hydroxysafflor yellow A and lithospermate acid predicted by spectrum-effect relationship analysis had good blood-activating effect. Therefore, spectrum-effect relationship analysis is an effective approach for seeking active components in herbal pairs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Li Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, PR China
| | - Qian Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, PR China
| | - Shi-Jun Yin
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, PR China
| | - Liang Cai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, PR China
| | - Yu-Xiu Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, PR China
| | - Wen-Jing Liu
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Yuan-Jia Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, PR China
| | - Hua Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, PR China
| | - Feng-Qing Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, PR China.
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Wang Q, Shi G, Zhang Y, Lu F, Xie D, Wen C, Huang L. Deciphering the Potential Pharmaceutical Mechanism of GUI-ZHI-FU-LING-WAN on Systemic Sclerosis based on Systems Biology Approaches. Sci Rep 2019; 9:355. [PMID: 30674993 PMCID: PMC6344516 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-36314-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic sclerosis (SSc; scleroderma) is a complicated idiopathic connective tissue disease with seldom effective treatment. GUI-ZHI-FU-LING-WAN (GFW) is a classic Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) formula widely used for the treatment of SSc. However, the mechanism of how the GFW affects SSc remains unclear. In this study, the system biology approach was utilized to analyze herb compounds and related targets to get the general information of GFW. The KEGG enrichment analysis of 1645 related targets suggested that the formula is involved in the VEGF signaling pathway, the Toll-like receptor signaling pathway, etc. Quantitative and qualitative analysis of the relationship among the 3 subsets (formula targets, drug targets and disease genes) showed that the formula targets overlapped with 38.0% drug targets and 26.0% proteins encoded by disease genes. Through the analysis of SSc related microarray statistics from the GEO database, we also validated the consistent expression behavior among the 3 subsets before and after treatment. To further reveal the mechanism of prescription, we constructed a network among 3 subsets and decomposed it into 24 modules to decipher how GFW interfere in the progress of SSc. The modules indicated that the intervention may come into effect through following pathogenic processes: vasculopathy, immune dysregulation and tissue fibrosis. Vitro experiments confirmed that GFW could suppress the proliferation of fibroblasts and decrease the Th1 cytokine (TNF-α, MIP-2 and IL-6) expression for lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and bleomycin (BLM) stimulation in macrophages, which is consistent with previous conclusion that GFW is able to relieve SSc. The systems biology approach provides a new insight for deepening understanding about TCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Wang
- TCM Clinical Basis Institute, Zhejiang Chinese Medicine University, 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310000, China
| | - Guoshan Shi
- Department of Integrative Traditional & Western Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225001, China
| | - Yun Zhang
- TCM Clinical Basis Institute, Zhejiang Chinese Medicine University, 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310000, China
| | - Feilong Lu
- TCM Clinical Basis Institute, Zhejiang Chinese Medicine University, 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310000, China
| | - Duoli Xie
- TCM Clinical Basis Institute, Zhejiang Chinese Medicine University, 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310000, China
| | - Chengping Wen
- TCM Clinical Basis Institute, Zhejiang Chinese Medicine University, 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310000, China.
| | - Lin Huang
- TCM Clinical Basis Institute, Zhejiang Chinese Medicine University, 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310000, China.
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Comparative analysis of the compatibility effects of Danggui-Sini Decoction on a blood stasis syndrome rat model using untargeted metabolomics. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2019; 1105:164-175. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2018.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Revised: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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