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de Luna AV, Fagundes TDSF, Ramos YJ, de Araújo MH, Muzitano MF, Calixto SD, Simão TLBV, de Queiroz GA, Guimarães EF, Marques AM, Moreira DDL. UHPLC-HRMS/MS Chemical Fingerprinting of the Bioactive Partition from Cultivated Piper aduncum L. Molecules 2024; 29:1690. [PMID: 38675510 PMCID: PMC11051932 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29081690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Piper aduncum L. is widely distributed in tropical regions and the ethnobotanical uses of this species encompass medicinal applications for the treatment of respiratory, antimicrobial, and gynecological diseases. Chemical studies reveal a diverse array of secondary metabolites, including terpenes, flavonoids, and prenylated compounds. Extracts from P. aduncum have shown antibacterial, antifungal, and larvicidal activities. Our study explores the activity of extracts and partitions against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv, as well as the chemical diversity of the bioactive partition. This marks the first investigation of the bioactive partition of P. aduncum from agroecological cultivation. The ethyl acetate partition from the ethanolic leaf extract (PAEPL) was found to be the most active. PAEPL was subjected to column chromatography using Sephadex LH-20 and the obtained fractions were analyzed using UHPLC-HRMS/MS. The MS/MS data from the fractions were submitted to the online GNPS platform for the generation of the molecular network, which displayed 1714 nodes and 167 clusters. Compounds were identified via manual inspection and different libraries, allowing the annotation of 83 compounds, including flavonoids, benzoic acid derivatives, glycosides, free fatty acids, and glycerol-esterified fatty acids. This study provides the first chemical fingerprint of an antimycobacterial sample from P. aduncum cultivated in an agroecological system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adélia Viviane de Luna
- Postgraduate Program in Translational Research in Drugs and Medicines, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Far-Manguinhos, Fiocruz, Rua Sizenando Nabuco, 100, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro 21041-250, RJ, Brazil; (A.V.d.L.); (A.M.M.)
| | - Thayssa da Silva Ferreira Fagundes
- Botanical Garden Research Institute of Rio de Janeiro, Rua Pacheco Leão, 915, Jardim Botânico, Rio de Janeiro 22460-030, RJ, Brazil; (T.d.S.F.F.); (G.A.d.Q.); (E.F.G.)
- Marine Biotechnology Departament, Almirante Paulo Moreira Institute of Marine Studies, Rua Kioto, 253, Arraial do Cabo, Rio de Janeiro 28930-000, RJ, Brazil
| | - Ygor Jessé Ramos
- Farmácia da Terra Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Bahia, Rua Barão de Jeremoabo, 147, Ondina, Salvador 40170-115, BA, Brazil
| | - Marlon Heggdorne de Araújo
- Laboratory of Bioatives Products, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rua Alcides da Conceição, 159, Macaé 27933-378, RJ, Brazil; (M.H.d.A.); (M.F.M.)
| | - Michelle Frazão Muzitano
- Laboratory of Bioatives Products, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rua Alcides da Conceição, 159, Macaé 27933-378, RJ, Brazil; (M.H.d.A.); (M.F.M.)
| | - Sanderson Dias Calixto
- Recenor Biology Laboratory, Center of Biosciences and Biotechnology, State University of North Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Rua Alberto Lamego, 2000, Campos dos Goytacazes 28013-602, RJ, Brazil; (S.D.C.); (T.L.B.V.S.)
| | - Thatiana Lopes Biá Ventura Simão
- Recenor Biology Laboratory, Center of Biosciences and Biotechnology, State University of North Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Rua Alberto Lamego, 2000, Campos dos Goytacazes 28013-602, RJ, Brazil; (S.D.C.); (T.L.B.V.S.)
| | - George Azevedo de Queiroz
- Botanical Garden Research Institute of Rio de Janeiro, Rua Pacheco Leão, 915, Jardim Botânico, Rio de Janeiro 22460-030, RJ, Brazil; (T.d.S.F.F.); (G.A.d.Q.); (E.F.G.)
- Pharmacy Departament, State University of Rio de janeiro, Manuel Caldeira de Alvarenga 1203 st, Campo Grande, Rio de Janeiro 23070-200, RJ, Brazil
| | - Elsie Franklin Guimarães
- Botanical Garden Research Institute of Rio de Janeiro, Rua Pacheco Leão, 915, Jardim Botânico, Rio de Janeiro 22460-030, RJ, Brazil; (T.d.S.F.F.); (G.A.d.Q.); (E.F.G.)
| | - André Mesquita Marques
- Postgraduate Program in Translational Research in Drugs and Medicines, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Far-Manguinhos, Fiocruz, Rua Sizenando Nabuco, 100, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro 21041-250, RJ, Brazil; (A.V.d.L.); (A.M.M.)
| | - Davyson de Lima Moreira
- Postgraduate Program in Translational Research in Drugs and Medicines, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Far-Manguinhos, Fiocruz, Rua Sizenando Nabuco, 100, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro 21041-250, RJ, Brazil; (A.V.d.L.); (A.M.M.)
- Botanical Garden Research Institute of Rio de Janeiro, Rua Pacheco Leão, 915, Jardim Botânico, Rio de Janeiro 22460-030, RJ, Brazil; (T.d.S.F.F.); (G.A.d.Q.); (E.F.G.)
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Zhao YJ, Li L, Zhang YH, Yang YY, Li LF, Yang K, Liu YF, Cao F. ( ±)-Dibrevianamides Q1 and Q2, the key precursors of asperginulin A from a marine-derived fungus. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 107:6459-6467. [PMID: 37658880 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12739-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Two pairs of new dimeric diketopiperazine alkaloids, ( ±)-dibrevianamides Q1 and Q2 (( ±)-1 and ( ±)-2), together with seven previously reported analogues (( ±)-3, 4-6, and ( ±)-7) were obtained from a marine-derived fungus Aspergillus sp. The structures of ( ±)-1 and ( ±)-2 were clarified using comprehensive spectroscopic analyses, the calculated ECD, and DP4 + probability methods. Speculated from the biogenesis, ( ±)-dibrevianamides Q1 and Q2 (( ±)-1 and ( ±)-2) might be the key precursor of [2 + 2] diketopiperazine dimers (( ±)-3). Compounds ( +)-1 and ( -)-2 displayed anti-H1N1 virus activity with IC50 values of 12.6 and 19.5 μM. Compound ( +)-1 showed significant activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MIC, 10.2 μg/mL). KEY POINTS: • Two pairs of new dimeric diketopiperazine alkaloids were obtained from the marine-derived fungus Aspergillus sp. • The structures of the new compounds were clarified using comprehensive spectroscopic analyses, the calculated ECD, and DP4 + probability methods. • ( ±)-Dibrevianamides Q1 and Q2 were speculated to be the key precursor of [2 + 2] diketopiperazine dimers ( ±)-asperginulin A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Jie Zhao
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China
| | - Lei Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China
| | - Ya-Hui Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics of Education Ministry of China, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China
| | - Yun-Yi Yang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China
| | - Long-Fei Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China
| | - Kan Yang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China
| | - Yun-Feng Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics of Education Ministry of China, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China.
| | - Fei Cao
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China.
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Cytotoxicity, acute and sub-chronic toxicities of the fruit extract of Tetrapleura tetraptera (Schumm. & Thonn.) Taub. (Fabaceae). BMC Complement Med Ther 2022; 22:178. [PMID: 35787267 PMCID: PMC9252075 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-022-03659-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Tetrapleura tetraptera is a medicinal spice traditionally used to treat cancer, diabetes, and several other ailments. This study analyzed the cytotoxicity of the dichloromethane methanol extract of T. tetraptera fruits (TTF) and its constituents. The toxicity profile of the TTF extract was also evaluated in rats. Methods The Cytotoxicity of this extract was evaluated using the resazurin reduction assay (RRA). Acute and sub-chronic toxicity studies were performed according to the protocol described by the Organisation for Economic Cooperation, and Development (OECD). Hematological, serum, and urine biochemical parameters, as well as histological sections of the liver and kidney, were also evaluated based on standard methods. Results The TTF extract, compound 5, and the reference drug doxorubicin were active in all 9 tested cancer cell lines. The recorded IC50 ranged from 18.32 μM (against B16-F1 murine melanoma cells) to 36.18 μM (against SKMel-505 BRAF wildtype melanoma cells) for TTF, from 10.02 μM (towards MaMel-80a BRAF-V600E homozygous mutant melanoma cells) to 31.73 μM (against SKMel-28 BRAF-V600E homozygous mutant melanoma cells) for compound 5, and from 0.22 μM (against B16-F1 cells) to 9.39 μM (against SKMel-505 cells) for doxorubicin. The study of acute toxicity test showed that the lethal dose (LD50) of this extract was greater than 5000 mg/kg body weight. In the sub-chronic toxicity studies, variations were observed in some biochemical parameters, especially at higher doses. Conclusion TTF and its most active compound (5) are found to be potential cytotoxic agents, meanwhile, TTF was safe when given a single oral dose of 5000 mg/kg. However, caution is necessary in case of prolonged oral administration due to potential alterations of renal function at high doses (> 1000 mg/kg). Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12906-022-03659-1.
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Harahap D, Niaci S, Mardina V, Zaura B, Qanita I, Purnama A, Puspita K, Rizki DR, Iqhrammullah M. Antibacterial activities of seven ethnomedicinal plants from family Annonaceae. J Adv Pharm Technol Res 2022; 13:148-153. [PMID: 35935693 PMCID: PMC9355059 DOI: 10.4103/japtr.japtr_111_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Serious threat to human health caused by bacterial infection persists as a global concern. It becomes more serious when the burden of multidrug-resistance bacteria is in the increasing trend. To overcome, researches have been conducted to develop antibacterial agents from plant-derived bioactive compounds. This review article focuses on the antibacterial activities of plant extracts from seven Annonaceae members, namely Annona muricata, Annona reticulata, Annona squamosa, Cananga odorata, Annona hypoglauca, Polyalthia longifolia, and Xylopia aethiopica. First, ethnomedical uses of the aforementioned plants are discussed and followed by the screening results of related phytochemicals. Among many secondary metabolites contained in the extracts of Annonaceae spp., anonaine, nornuciferine, and liriodenine are common and bioactive. The extracts were reported to have bacteriostatic and bactericidal properties against a wide spectrum of bacteria, including multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Enterococcus faecalis, Enterobacter aerogenes, Enterobacter cloacae, Salmonella choleraesuis, Salmonella typhimurium, and Shigella dysenteriae. We conclude that investigation on the extracts from Annonaceae spp. could contribute to the development of antibacterial agents that could be used against multidrug-resistant bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diannita Harahap
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
| | - Sarah Niaci
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
| | - Vivi Mardina
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Samudra, Langsa, Indonesia
| | - Bintang Zaura
- Department of Mathematics Education, Faculty of Education and Teacher Training, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
| | - Intan Qanita
- School of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Kopelma Darussalam, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
| | - Agnia Purnama
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
| | - Kana Puspita
- Department of Chemistry Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
| | - Diva Rayyan Rizki
- School of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Kopelma Darussalam, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
| | - Muhammad Iqhrammullah
- Graduate School of Mathematics and Applied Sciences, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
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Abd El-Hack ME, El-Shall NA, El-Kasrawy NI, El-Saadony MT, Shafi ME, Zabermawi NM, Alshilawi MS, Alagawany M, Khafaga AF, Bilal RM, Elnesr SS, Aleya L, AbuQamar SF, El-Tarabily KA. The use of black pepper (Piper guineense) as an ecofriendly antimicrobial agent to fight foodborne microorganisms. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:10894-10907. [PMID: 35000164 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-17806-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Consumers demand clean-label food products, necessitating the search for new, natural antimicrobials to meet this demand while ensuring food safety. This review aimed at investigating the antimicrobial properties of black pepper (Piper guineense) against foodborne microorganisms. The existence of foodborne illness, food spoilage, food waste, the resulting negative economic impact of these issues, and consumer interests have all pushed the food industry to find alternative, safe, and natural antimicrobials to be used in foods and beverages. Consumers have also influenced the demand for novel antimicrobials due to the perceived association of current synthetic preservatives with diseases and adverse effects on children. They also have a desire for clean-label products. These combined concerns have prompted researchers at investigating plant extracts as potential sources for antimicrobials. Plants possess many antimicrobial properties; therefore, evaluating these plant extracts as a natural source of antimicrobials can lead to a preventative control method in reducing foodborne illness and food spoilage, inclusively meeting consumer needs. In most regions, P. guineense is commonly utilized due to its potent and effective medicinal properties against foodborne microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed E Abd El-Hack
- Department of Poultry, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt.
| | - Nahed A El-Shall
- Department of Poultry and Fish Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Edfina, 22758, Egypt
| | - Nagwa I El-Kasrawy
- Department of Animal Husbandry and Animal Wealth Development Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, 22511, AlBeheira, Egypt
| | - Mohamed T El-Saadony
- Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt
| | - Manal E Shafi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Zoology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nidal M Zabermawi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Microbiology, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mashaeal S Alshilawi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Zoology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmoud Alagawany
- Department of Poultry, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt
| | - Asmaa F Khafaga
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Edfina, 22758, Egypt
| | - Rana M Bilal
- University College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Shaaban S Elnesr
- Department of Poultry Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, Fayoum, 63514, Egypt
| | - Lotfi Aleya
- Chrono-Environnement Laboratory, UMR CNRS 6249, Bourgogne Franche-Comté University, Besançon Cedex, France
| | - Synan F AbuQamar
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, 15551, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Khaled A El-Tarabily
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, 15551, United Arab Emirates.
- Harry Butler Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, 6150, Australia.
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Balde E, Traoré M, Balde M, Baldé A, Bah F, Camara A, Kéita S, Baldé A. Traditional Guinean management of breast diseases in low and Middle Guinea. J Herb Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hermed.2021.100520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Traditional Medicinal Plants as a Source of Antituberculosis Drugs: A System Review. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:9910365. [PMID: 34541000 PMCID: PMC8448615 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9910365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Medicinal plants are the chief components in the different oriental formulations in different traditional medical systems worldwide. As a thriving source of medicine, the medicinal plants with antituberculosis (TB) properties inspire the pharmacists to develop new drugs based on their active components or semimetabolites. In the present review, the anti-TB medicinal plants were screened from the scientific literatures, based on the botanical classification and the anti-TB activity. The obtained anti-TB medicinal plants were categorized into three different categories, viz., 159 plants critically examined with a total 335 isolated compounds, 131 plants with their crude extracts showing anti-TB activity, and 27 plants in literature with the prescribed formula by the traditional healers. Our systemic analysis on the medicinal plants can assist the discovery of novel and more efficacious anti-TB drugs.
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Oloya B, Namukobe J, Heydenreich M, Ssengooba W, Schmidt B, Byamukama R. Antimycobacterial Activity of the Extract and Isolated Compounds From the Stem Bark of Zanthoxylum leprieurii Guill. and Perr. Nat Prod Commun 2021. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x211035851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Zanthoxylum leprieurii Guill. and Perr. (Rutaceae) stem bark is used locally in Uganda for treating tuberculosis (TB) and cough-related infections. Lupeol (1), sesamin (2), trans-fagaramide (3), arnottianamide (4), ( S)-marmesinin (5), and hesperidin (6) were isolated from the chloroform/methanol (1:1) extract of Z. leprieurii stem bark. Their structures were elucidated using spectroscopic techniques and by comparison with literature data. Furthermore, the extract and isolated compounds were subjected to antimycobacterial activity. The extract exhibited moderate activity against the susceptible (H37Rv) TB strain, but weak activity against the multidrug resistant (MDR)-TB strain with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 586.0 and 1172.0 μg/mL, respectively. Compound 3 (trans-fagaramide) showed significant antimycobacterial activity against the susceptible (H37Rv) TB strain (MIC 6 μg/mL), but moderate activity against the MDR-TB strain (MIC 12.2 μg/mL). Compounds 2, 5, 6, and 1 showed moderate activities against the susceptible (H37Rv) strain (MIC 12.2-98.0 μg/mL) and moderate to weak activities against the MDR-TB strain (MIC 24.4-195.0 μg/mL). This study reports for the first time the isolation of compounds 1 to 6 from the stem bark of Z leprieurii. trans-Fagaramide (3) may present a vital template in pursuit of novel and highly effective TB drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benson Oloya
- Department of Chemistry, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
- Department of Chemistry, Muni University, Arua, Uganda
| | - Jane Namukobe
- Department of Chemistry, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | | | - Willy Ssengooba
- Department of Microbiology, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Bernd Schmidt
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
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Wamba BEN, Ghosh P, Mbaveng AT, Bhattacharya S, Debarpan M, Depanwita S, Saunak MM, Kuete V, Murmu N. Botanical from Piper capense Fruit Can Help to Combat the Melanoma as Demonstrated by In Vitro and In Vivo Studies. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2021; 2021:8810368. [PMID: 34007300 PMCID: PMC8100921 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8810368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Piper capense belongs to Piperaceae family and has long been used as a traditional medicine to treat various diseases in several parts of Africa. The present study aims to investigate the effect of Piper capense fruit extract (PCFE) alone and in combination with dacarbazine on metastatic melanoma cell line B16-F10 and in vivo in C57BL/6J mice. Cytotoxic effects of PCFE alone and in association with dacarbazine on B16-F10 cells were studied by 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and colony formation assay. Wound healing assay, immunofluorescence staining, and western blot analysis were performed to evaluate the individual and combined effect of PCFE and dacarbazine on epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). For in vivo studies, C57BL/6J mice were subcutaneously injected with B16-F10 cells (5 × 105 cells/mL), and the effect of PCFE and dacarbazine was studied on tumor development. The alteration of EMT was evaluated by targeting E-cadherin, vimentin, and CD133 in PCFE alone and in combination with dacarbazine-treated tumor tissues by western blot analysis. Phytochemical screening of PCFE reveals the presence of certain secondary metabolites. Our results showed that PCFE alone and in association with dacarbazine has a good activity in preventing B16-F10 melanoma cell progression and clonogenicity. This extract also regulated EMT. In vivo results showed that PCFE (100 mg/kg body weight) reduced tumor size in C57BL/6J mice along with the decrease in the expression of vasculogenic mimicry (VM) tubes as well as an improvement in the qualitative and quantitative expression of markers involved in EMT. Our study suggests that PCFE may be useful for managing the growth and metastasis of melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brice E. N. Wamba
- Department of Signal Transduction and Biogenic Amines, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, 37, S.P. Mukherjee Road, Kolkata 700026, India
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Paramita Ghosh
- Department of Signal Transduction and Biogenic Amines, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, 37, S.P. Mukherjee Road, Kolkata 700026, India
| | - Armelle T. Mbaveng
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Sayantan Bhattacharya
- Department of Signal Transduction and Biogenic Amines, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, 37, S.P. Mukherjee Road, Kolkata 700026, India
| | - Mitra Debarpan
- Department of Signal Transduction and Biogenic Amines, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, 37, S.P. Mukherjee Road, Kolkata 700026, India
| | - Saha Depanwita
- Department of Signal Transduction and Biogenic Amines, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, 37, S.P. Mukherjee Road, Kolkata 700026, India
| | - Mustafi Mitra Saunak
- Department of Pathology, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, 37, S. P. Mukherjee Road, Kolkata 700026, India
| | - Victor Kuete
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Nabendu Murmu
- Department of Signal Transduction and Biogenic Amines, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, 37, S.P. Mukherjee Road, Kolkata 700026, India
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Somaida A, Tariq I, Ambreen G, Abdelsalam AM, Ayoub AM, Wojcik M, Dzoyem JP, Bakowsky U. Potent Cytotoxicity of Four Cameroonian Plant Extracts on Different Cancer Cell Lines. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2020; 13:ph13110357. [PMID: 33142782 PMCID: PMC7693157 DOI: 10.3390/ph13110357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2020] [Revised: 10/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, the potential cytotoxicity of four plant extracts originated from Cameroon: Xylopia aethiopica (XA), Imperata cylindrica (IC), Echinops giganteus (EG) and Dorstenia psilurus (DP) were examined in vitro. We tested the anti-proliferative activity of the methanolic extracts of these compounds using MTT assay on seven different human cancer cell lines: HeLa, MDA-MB-231, A549, HepG2, U-87, SK-OV-3 and HL60. Induction of cell death was assessed by cell cycle analysis, apoptosis was determined by Annexin V-FITC binding and caspase 3/7 activity. As well, changes in mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and cell migration were tested. The genetic toxicity, using the alkaline comet assay, was evaluated. The studied extracts inhibited the cell proliferation of all tested cancer cell lines with concentration dependent effect over time. All of these extracts mainly induced apoptosis of HeLa cells by the accumulation of hypodiploid cells in the sub-G0/G1 phase and increasing the activity of caspase 3/7, as well they showed potential MMP disturbance and expressed a marked inhibitory effect on cell migration. Assessment of probable genetic toxicity by these extracts revealed no or minimum incidence of genetic toxicity. Therefore, the studied plant extracts are exhibiting potent anticancer activity based upon marked induction of tumor-cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Somaida
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, University of Marburg, 35037 Marburg, Germany; (A.S.); (I.T.); (G.A.); (A.M.A.); (A.M.A.); (M.W.)
| | - Imran Tariq
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, University of Marburg, 35037 Marburg, Germany; (A.S.); (I.T.); (G.A.); (A.M.A.); (A.M.A.); (M.W.)
- Punjab University College of Pharmacy, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Ghazala Ambreen
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, University of Marburg, 35037 Marburg, Germany; (A.S.); (I.T.); (G.A.); (A.M.A.); (A.M.A.); (M.W.)
| | - Ahmed Mohamed Abdelsalam
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, University of Marburg, 35037 Marburg, Germany; (A.S.); (I.T.); (G.A.); (A.M.A.); (A.M.A.); (M.W.)
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut 11865, Egypt
| | - Abdallah Mohamed Ayoub
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, University of Marburg, 35037 Marburg, Germany; (A.S.); (I.T.); (G.A.); (A.M.A.); (A.M.A.); (M.W.)
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Matthias Wojcik
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, University of Marburg, 35037 Marburg, Germany; (A.S.); (I.T.); (G.A.); (A.M.A.); (A.M.A.); (M.W.)
| | - Jean Paul Dzoyem
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang. P.O Box. 67 Dschang, Cameroon
- Correspondence: (J.P.D.); (U.B.)
| | - Udo Bakowsky
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, University of Marburg, 35037 Marburg, Germany; (A.S.); (I.T.); (G.A.); (A.M.A.); (A.M.A.); (M.W.)
- Correspondence: (J.P.D.); (U.B.)
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11
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Santos NCDS, Scodro RBDL, Sampiron EG, Ieque AL, Carvalho HCD, Santos TDS, Ghiraldi Lopes LD, Campanerut-Sá PAZ, Siqueira VLD, Caleffi-Ferracioli KR, Teixeira JJV, Cardoso RF. Minimum Bactericidal Concentration Techniques in Mycobacterium tuberculosis: A Systematic Review. Microb Drug Resist 2020; 26:752-765. [PMID: 31977277 DOI: 10.1089/mdr.2019.0191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) assay is an accepted parameter for evaluating new antimicrobial agents, and it is frequently used as a research tool to provide a prediction of bacterial eradication. To the best of our knowledge, there is no standardization among researchers regarding the technique used to detect a drug's MBC in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Thus, the aim of this systematic review is to discuss the available literature in determining a drug's MBC in M. tuberculosis, to find the most commonly used technique and standardize the process. A broad and rigorous literature search of three electronic databases (PubMed, Web of Knowledge, and LILACS) was performed according to the PRISMA statement. We considered studies that were published from January 1, 1990 to February 19, 2019. Google Scholar was also searched to increase the number of publications. We searched for articles using the MeSH terms "microbiological techniques," "Mycobacterium," "antibacterial agents." In addition, free terms were used in the search. The search yielded 6,674 publications. After filter application, 5,348 publications remained. Of these, we evaluated the full text of 187 publications. By applying the inclusion criteria, 69 studies were included in the present systematic review. In the literature analyzed, a great variety in the techniques used to determine a drug's MBC in M. tuberculosis was observed. The most common variability is related to the culture media used, culture incubation time, and the percentage of bacterial death for the drug to be considered as bactericidal. The most commonly used technique for drug's MBC determination was carried out using the drug's minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) assay. Aliquots from prior MIC values were subcultured in Middlebrook agar and incubated for 4 weeks at 35°C for determining the colony forming unit (CFU) with relevance to detect 99.9% bacilli killed or reduction in 3 log10 viable bacilli.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Regiane Bertin de Lima Scodro
- Postgraduation in Health Sciences, State University of Maringa, Parana, Brazil.,Laboratory of Medical Bacteriology, Department of Clinical Analysis and Biomedicine, State University of Maringa, Parana, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Thais da Silva Santos
- Postgraduation in Bioscience and Physiopathology, State University of Maringa, Parana, Brazil
| | - Luciana Dias Ghiraldi Lopes
- Laboratory of Medical Bacteriology, Department of Clinical Analysis and Biomedicine, State University of Maringa, Parana, Brazil
| | - Paula Aline Zanetti Campanerut-Sá
- Postgraduation in Health Sciences, State University of Maringa, Parana, Brazil.,Laboratory of Medical Bacteriology, Department of Clinical Analysis and Biomedicine, State University of Maringa, Parana, Brazil
| | - Vera Lucia Dias Siqueira
- Postgraduation in Bioscience and Physiopathology, State University of Maringa, Parana, Brazil.,Laboratory of Medical Bacteriology, Department of Clinical Analysis and Biomedicine, State University of Maringa, Parana, Brazil
| | - Katiany Rizzieri Caleffi-Ferracioli
- Postgraduation in Bioscience and Physiopathology, State University of Maringa, Parana, Brazil.,Laboratory of Medical Bacteriology, Department of Clinical Analysis and Biomedicine, State University of Maringa, Parana, Brazil
| | - Jorge Juarez Vieira Teixeira
- Postgraduation in Bioscience and Physiopathology, State University of Maringa, Parana, Brazil.,Postgraduation in Health Sciences, State University of Maringa, Parana, Brazil
| | - Rosilene Fressatti Cardoso
- Postgraduation in Bioscience and Physiopathology, State University of Maringa, Parana, Brazil.,Postgraduation in Health Sciences, State University of Maringa, Parana, Brazil.,Laboratory of Medical Bacteriology, Department of Clinical Analysis and Biomedicine, State University of Maringa, Parana, Brazil
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12
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Ramadwa TE, Awouafack MD, Sonopo MS, Eloff JN. Antibacterial and Antimycobacterial Activity of Crude Extracts, Fractions, and Isolated Compounds From Leaves of Sneezewood, Ptaeroxylon obliquum (Rutaceae). Nat Prod Commun 2019. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x19872927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Ptaeroxylon obliquum (Thunb.) Radlk. (Rutaceae) is traditionally used to treat human and animal diseases in South Africa. In this study, the activity of leaf extracts, fractions, and isolated compounds was determined against nonpathogenic mycobacterial species and nosocomial bacterial pathogens. An acetone leaf extract was partitioned by liquid-liquid fractionation, and obliquumol, a mixture of lupeol and β-amyrin, and eranthin were isolated. Antimicrobial activity was determined using a serial microdilution assay against Mycobacterium smegmatis (American Type Culture Collection [ATCC] 1441), M. bovis (BCG P1172), M. aurum (NCTC 10437), M. fortuitum (ATCC 6841), Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 29213), Enterococcus faecalis (ATCC 29212), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 25922), and Escherichia coli (ATCC 27853). The n-hexane fraction had minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) values as low as 20 and 40 µg/mL against M. fortuitum and S. aureus, respectively. The chloroform fraction also had promising activity with an MIC value of 80 µg/mL against both P. aeruginosa and M. fortuitum. Obliquumol had excellent activity (MIC 8 µg/mL) against M. fortuitum. Fractionation of the crude extract potentiated the antimicrobial activity of the nonpolar fractions. The isolated compound, obliquumol, had good antimicrobial and excellent antimycobacterial activities. The antimicrobial activity provides some scientific rationale for the use of P. obliquum against infectious diseases and related symptoms. This is the first report on the antibacterial activity of obliquumol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thanyani E. Ramadwa
- Phytomedicine Programme, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort, South Africa
| | - Maurice D. Awouafack
- Phytomedicine Programme, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort, South Africa
- Natural Products Chemistry Research Unit, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Molahlehi S. Sonopo
- Radiochemistry, Nuclear Energy Corporation of South Africa, Pelindaba, South Africa
| | - Jacobus N. Eloff
- Phytomedicine Programme, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort, South Africa
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13
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Bitew H, Hymete A. The Genus Echinops: Phytochemistry and Biological Activities: A Review. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:1234. [PMID: 31736749 PMCID: PMC6838032 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.01234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The genus Echinops belongs to the family of Asteraceae and comprises about 130 species. Many species belonging to the genus Echinops are traditionally used as medicinals mainly in Africa and Asia. The genus is reported to contain diverse secondary metabolites. The aim of this review is to critically evaluate the available research reports on the genus and systematically organize the findings. Information for this study was obtained using various search engines including PubMed and Google Scholar. This review revealed that the genus is used traditionally to treat pain, inflammation, respiratory diseases, diseases caused by different microorganisms, as an aphrodisiac, to fasten expulsion of placenta, and for removal of renal stones. More than 151 secondary metabolites have been reported from the genus in which thiophenic compounds held the biggest share. Various extracts, essential oils, and isolated compounds from members of this genus are shown to exhibit different biological effects mainly anti-microbial, anti-proliferative, and anti-inflammatory. However, there are a number of species in this genus that are claimed to have traditional medicinal uses but their biological effect not yet been evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen Bitew
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia
| | - Ariaya Hymete
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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14
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Albino RC, Antoniassi R, de Faria-Machado AF, Ferraris FK, Amendoeira FC, Ramos DF, Silva PEA, Leitão SG, Oliveira DR. Traditional detoxification of Jatropha curcas L. seeds. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 241:111970. [PMID: 31128150 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.111970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Revised: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Jatropha curcas L. is a plant with high cultural significance for quilombola communities of Oriximiná (Pará State, Brazil). Although the plant is highly toxic, its seeds are used in these communities to treat tuberculosis and related diseases and symptoms. AIM OF THE STUDY This study was designed to provide a scientific rationale for the traditional detoxification method and use of J. curcas seeds in quilombola communities of Oriximiná. MATERIALS AND METHODS J. curcas seeds were manually separated into testa, tegmen, endosperm, and embryo, and then methanolic extracts of each sample were prepared. The traditional preparation of J. curcas seeds consists of a water extract of endosperms that is known as "milk of pinhão-branco". The content of phorbol esters (PEs) in the extracts was analyzed by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography with Diode-Array Detection (HPLC-DAD). The cytotoxic activity was evaluated in human monocytic cell line THP-1 by Resazurin Reduction Assay, and antimycobacterial activity was assessed by determining Minimal Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) values against H37Rv and BCG strains using the Resazurin Microtiter Assay (REMA). RESULTS The content analysis revealed that the distribution of PEs within the seeds is not homogeneous. High contents were found in tegmens (4.22 ± 0.25-15.52 ± 0.06 mg/g) and endosperms (1.61 ± 0.07-5.00 ± 0.42 mg/g), while concentrations found in testas and embryos were all below 0.5 mg/g. The traditional preparation derived from the endosperm of J. curcas contained significantly less PEs than the endosperms (0.01 ± 0.005 mg/g). Against THP-1 cells, all the parts of the seed showed cytotoxic activity, while the traditional preparation was considered non-cytotoxic. Nevertheless, only the tegmen and endosperm of J. curcas were considered active against M. tuberculosis and M. bovis (MIC = 200 μg/mL). CONCLUSION The results of this study indicated that the traditional processing performed by the quilombola people from Oriximiná is effective in reducing the toxicity of J. curcas seeds. Although inactive against mycobacteria, the extensive use of the traditional preparation and its low toxicity encourage further studies to investigate other biological activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rayane C Albino
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-590, RJ, Brazil.
| | | | | | - Fausto K Ferraris
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (INCQS/FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, 21040-900, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Fábio C Amendoeira
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (INCQS/FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, 21040-900, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Daniela F Ramos
- Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande, Rio Grande, 96200-190, RS, Brazil.
| | - Pedro E A Silva
- Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande, Rio Grande, 96200-190, RS, Brazil.
| | - Suzana G Leitão
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-590, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Danilo R Oliveira
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-590, RJ, Brazil.
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15
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Piper Species: A Comprehensive Review on Their Phytochemistry, Biological Activities and Applications. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24071364. [PMID: 30959974 PMCID: PMC6479398 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24071364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Revised: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Piper species are aromatic plants used as spices in the kitchen, but their secondary metabolites have also shown biological effects on human health. These plants are rich in essential oils, which can be found in their fruits, seeds, leaves, branches, roots and stems. Some Piper species have simple chemical profiles, while others, such as Piper nigrum, Piper betle, and Piper auritum, contain very diverse suites of secondary metabolites. In traditional medicine, Piper species have been used worldwide to treat several diseases such as urological problems, skin, liver and stomach ailments, for wound healing, and as antipyretic and anti-inflammatory agents. In addition, Piper species could be used as natural antioxidants and antimicrobial agents in food preservation. The phytochemicals and essential oils of Piper species have shown strong antioxidant activity, in comparison with synthetic antioxidants, and demonstrated antibacterial and antifungal activities against human pathogens. Moreover, Piper species possess therapeutic and preventive potential against several chronic disorders. Among the functional properties of Piper plants/extracts/active components the antiproliferative, anti-inflammatory, and neuropharmacological activities of the extracts and extract-derived bioactive constituents are thought to be key effects for the protection against chronic conditions, based on preclinical in vitro and in vivo studies, besides clinical studies. Habitats and cultivation of Piper species are also covered in this review. In this current work, available literature of chemical constituents of the essential oils Piper plants, their use in traditional medicine, their applications as a food preservative, their antiparasitic activities and other important biological activities are reviewed.
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Gupta VK, Kaushik A, Chauhan DS, Ahirwar RK, Sharma S, Bisht D. Anti-mycobacterial activity of some medicinal plants used traditionally by tribes from Madhya Pradesh, India for treating tuberculosis related symptoms. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2018; 227:113-120. [PMID: 30172059 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2018.08.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Revised: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the highly infectious disease caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). Several medicinal plants are traditionally used by the tribal healers of some tribal pockets of Madhya Pradesh (M.P.), India in the treatment of various ailments including TB related symptoms. The information of traditional knowledge of plants is empirical lacking systematic scientific investigation. AIM OF THE STUDY To provide a scientific rationale for the traditional uses of some medicinal plants in treating prolonged cough, chest complaints and TB by ethnic groups in four districts of the state of M.P., India. The anti-mycobacterial activity of these plants was also investigated against multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains of Mtb. The active plant extracts were also assessed for general cytotoxicity by human monocytic leukemia cell line, THP-1 macrophages. MATERIALS AND METHODS Semi structured interviews and guided field-walk methods were used to gather information on medicinal plants used by the tribal traditional healers. The study was carried out in the tribal pockets of Anuppur, Mandla, Umariya and Dindori districts of M.P., India. A total of 35 plant species distributed in 22 families were selected based on folklore uses suggested by the tribal traditional healer. The ethanol extracts of plants were evaluated for anti-mycobacterial activity against Mtb H37Rv and six MDR clinical isolates of Mtb. The anti-mycobacterial activity of plants was determined in terms of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) using standard resazurin microtitre plate assay (REMA). The plant extracts found to be active against Mtb were further evaluated for general cytotoxicity against human THP-1 macrophages using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium (MTT) assay. The selectivity index (SI) of active plant extracts were also calculated on the basis of MIC and cytotoxicity. RESULTS Out of the 35 plants, 11 plant species showed anti-mycobacterial activity with MIC ranging from 500 to 31.25 µg/mL against Mtb H37Rv. The plant extracts also exhibited anti-mycobacterial activity against six multi-drug resistant (MDR) clinical strains of Mtb isolated from sputum samples of pulmonary TB patients. In vitro cytotoxicity of active plant extracts was also assessed in human THP-1 macrophages. The IC50 (50% inhibitory concentration) values of most of the plant extracts on THP-1 was found to be higher than MIC values against Mtb, indicating that the THP-1 cells are not adversely affected at concentrations that are effective against Mtb. Significant anti-mycobacterial activity was observed for eleven plants viz., Alstonia scholaris (L.) R. Br., Glycyrrhiza glabra L., Holorrhena antidysentrica (Roth) Wall. exA.DC., Mallotus philippensis (Lam.) Müll. Arg., Eulophia nuda Lindl., Cocculus hirsutus (L.) Diels, Pueraria tuberosa (Willd.) DC., Cyperus rotundus L., Curcuma caesia Roxb., Sphaeranthus indicus L. and Plumbago zeylanica L. which lends support to their traditional uses. CONCLUSION The present investigation supports the potential role of plants used by tribal healers as our results have shown that these plants exhibit anti-mycobacterial activity in the acceptable range against Mtb. Our study clearly lends support to the traditional uses of some plants in TB related symptoms as we have found them to exhibit significant in vitro anti-TB activity. To the best of our knowledge, anti-mycobacterial activity in plants against Mtb is being reported for the first time from tribal areas of M.P., India by the current study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek Kumar Gupta
- Department of Biochemistry, National JALMA Institute for Leprosy & Other Mycobacterial Diseases (ICMR), Tajganj, Agra 282004, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Anupam Kaushik
- Department of Biochemistry, National JALMA Institute for Leprosy & Other Mycobacterial Diseases (ICMR), Tajganj, Agra 282004, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Davendra Singh Chauhan
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, National JALMA Institute for Leprosy & Other Mycobacterial Diseases (ICMR), Tajganj, Agra 282004, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ramesh Kumar Ahirwar
- Department of Botany, Govt. College Birsinghpur Pali, Umaria 484551, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Shweta Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, National JALMA Institute for Leprosy & Other Mycobacterial Diseases (ICMR), Tajganj, Agra 282004, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Deepa Bisht
- Department of Biochemistry, National JALMA Institute for Leprosy & Other Mycobacterial Diseases (ICMR), Tajganj, Agra 282004, Uttar Pradesh, India
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17
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Alkaloid-Rich Crude Extracts, Fractions and Piperamide Alkaloids of Piper guineense Possess Promising Antibacterial Effects. Antibiotics (Basel) 2018; 7:antibiotics7040098. [PMID: 30423994 PMCID: PMC6316075 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics7040098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2018] [Revised: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Piper guineense is a food and medicinal plant commonly used to treat infectious diseases in West-African traditional medicine. In a bid to identify new antibacterial compounds due to bacterial resistance to antibiotics, twelve extracts of P. guineense fruits and leaves, obtained by sequential extraction, as well as the piperine and piperlongumine commercial compounds were evaluated for antibacterial activity against human pathogenic bacteria. HPLC-DAD and UHPLC/Q-TOF MS analysis were conducted to characterize and identify the compounds present in the extracts with promising antibacterial activity. The extracts, with the exception of the hot water decoctions and macerations, contained piperamide alkaloids as their main constituents. Piperine, dihydropiperine, piperylin, dihydropiperylin or piperlonguminine, dihydropiperlonguminine, wisanine, dihydrowisanine and derivatives of piperine and piperidine were identified in a hexane extract of the leaf. In addition, some new piperamide alkaloids were identified, such as a piperine and a piperidine alkaloid derivative and two unknown piperamide alkaloids. To the best of our knowledge, there are no piperamides reported in the literature with similar UVλ absorption maxima and masses. A piperamide alkaloid-rich hexane leaf extract recorded the lowest MIC of 19 µg/mL against Sarcina sp. and gave promising growth inhibitory effects against S. aureus and E. aerogenes as well, inhibiting the growth of both bacteria with a MIC of 78 µg/mL. Moreover, this is the first report of the antibacterial activity of P. guineense extracts against Sarcina sp. and E. aerogenes. Marked growth inhibition was also obtained for chloroform extracts of the leaves and fruits against P. aeruginosa with a MIC value of 78 µg/mL. Piperine and piperlongumine were active against E. aerogenes, S. aureus, E. coli, S. enterica, P. mirabilis and B. cereus with MIC values ranging from 39–1250 µg/mL. Notably, the water extracts, which were almost devoid of piperamide alkaloids, were not active against the bacterial strains. Our results demonstrate that P. guineense contains antibacterial alkaloids that could be relevant for the discovery of new natural antibiotics.
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Sasikumar K, Ghosh AR, Dusthackeer A. Antimycobacterial potentials of quercetin and rutin against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv. 3 Biotech 2018; 8:427. [PMID: 30305996 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-018-1450-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Quercetin and rutin, two flavonoids were examined for antimycobacterial activities against M. tuberculosis H37Rv (ATCC 27294). The quercetin exhibited (99.30 ± 0.268%) in (LRP) assay at 200 µg/ml and 56.21 ± 0.97% inhibition in (BMD) at 50 µg/ml, whereas rutin exhibited (90.40 ± 0.68%) in LRP assay at 200 µg/ml and 56.10 ± 0.67% inhibition in BMD at 50 µg/ml. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was found to be 6.25 µg ml-1 and 25 µg ml-1 respectively. The current investigation suggests that quercetin has better inhibitory activity than rutin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kandasamy Sasikumar
- 1Department of Integrative Biology, School of BioSciences and Technology (SBST), VIT University, Vellore, Tamilnadu 632014 India
| | - Asit Ranjan Ghosh
- 1Department of Integrative Biology, School of BioSciences and Technology (SBST), VIT University, Vellore, Tamilnadu 632014 India
| | - Azger Dusthackeer
- 2Department of Bacteriology, National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis (NIRT-ICMR), Chennai, Tamilnadu 600031 India
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Mohebat R, Bidoki MZ. Comparative chemical analysis of volatile compounds of Echinops ilicifolius using hydrodistillation and headspace solid-phase microextraction and the antibacterial activities of its essential oil. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2018; 5:171424. [PMID: 29515861 PMCID: PMC5830750 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.171424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The volatile compounds from various parts of Echinops ilicifolius (Compositae) such as flowers, leaves and roots obtained by hydrodistillation (HD) and headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) methods were subsequently analysed by GC and GC/MS and compared. Thirty-seven and 20 components of the flower of E. ilicifolius were characterized, representing 99.7% and 100.0% of the total compositions using the HD and HS-SPME methods, respectively. The major constituents of the hydrodistilled oil were identified as linalool (58.6%), geraniol (17.4%), n-dodecane (10.9%) and nerol (5.4%), whereas HS-SPME extract was rich in n-octane (34.0%), n-decane (25.1%), p-cymene (11.1%), γ-terpinene (5.3%) and 1,8-cineole (5.1%). n-Hexadecanoic acid (32.3%), linalool (16.4%) and geraniol (8.3%) were the main components among 43 constituents identified in hydrodistilled extract of the leaf, representing 99.5% of the total components detected, whereas 16 compounds representing 99.9% of the HS-SPME method were identified, among which n-decane (32.6%), p-cymene (14.0%), n-octane (10.3%), limonene (9.2%), γ-terpinene (9.1%), 1,8-cineole (7.9%) and α-pinene (5.9%) were the major ones. Among 23 components comprising 91.2% of the total hydrodistilled oil detected, n-decane (23.1%), n-dodecane (14.5%), silphiperfol-4,7(14)-diene (11.1%), selin-11-en-4-a-ol (9.5%), n-hexadecanoic acid (7.8%) and n-tetradecane (5.3%) were the main constituents in the root of E. ilicifolius, whereas 1,8-cineole (29.0%), n-decane (12.6%), n-octane (12.6%), camphor (12.0%), p-cymene (9.6%) and γ-terpinene (5.9%) were the main components among the 20 constituents characterized in HS-SPME extract, representing 99.9% of the total components detected. The antibacterial activity of the flower, leaf and root oils of E. ilicifolius against six Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria was determined using the MIC method. The growth inhibitory zone (mm) was also measured.
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Affiliation(s)
- Razieh Mohebat
- Department of Chemistry, Yazd Branch, Islamic Azad University, Yazd, Iran
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20
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Skuhrovec J, Volovnik S, Gosik R. Description of the immature stages of Larinus vulpes and notes on its biology (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Lixinae). Zookeys 2017:107-137. [PMID: 28769711 PMCID: PMC5523399 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.679.12560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Accepted: 05/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Mature larva and pupa of Larinusvulpes (Olivier, 1807) (Curculionidae: Lixinae: Lixini) are morphologically described for the first time and compared with known larvae and pupae of other Larinus species. Very high counts of larval body setae (pronotum with more than 25 setae and postdorsum on meso- and metathorax and also on abdominal segments I–VII with more than 12 setae) are characteristic features of the nominotypical subgenusLarinus. The biology of the species was studied in Ukraine. Echinopsruthenicus and E.sphaerocephalus were identified as host plants of both larvae and adults of this weevil based on the present research in Ukraine, which shows probably oligophagous. Overwintering beetles emerged at the end of May or earlier, then feeding and mating on the host plants. The highest level of adult activity was observed at the end of June. Larvae were endophagous within the flower heads. In July and August, the larvae pupated within inflorescences in a pupation cell. Adults exited the cells at the end of August and did not hibernate on the host plants. Sometimes, larvae and imagines of a new generation were found outside the flower heads in chambers constructed on the stems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiří Skuhrovec
- Group Function of Invertebrate and Plant Biodiversity in Agro-Ecosystems, Crop Research Institute, Drnovská 507, CZ-161 06 Praha 6 - Ruzyně, Czech Republic
| | | | - Rafał Gosik
- Department of Zoology, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland
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Abstract
Infectious diseases caused by pathogens and food poisoning caused by spoilage microorganisms are threatening human health all over the world. The efficacies of some antimicrobial agents, which are currently used to extend shelf-life and increase the safety of food products in food industry and to inhibit disease-causing microorganisms in medicine, have been weakened by microbial resistance. Therefore, new antimicrobial agents that could overcome this resistance need to be discovered. Many spices-such as clove, oregano, thyme, cinnamon, and cumin-possessed significant antibacterial and antifungal activities against food spoilage bacteria like Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas fluorescens, pathogens like Staphylococcus aureus and Vibrio parahaemolyticus, harmful fungi like Aspergillus flavus, even antibiotic resistant microorganisms such as methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Therefore, spices have a great potential to be developed as new and safe antimicrobial agents. This review summarizes scientific studies on the antibacterial and antifungal activities of several spices and their derivatives.
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Bunalema L, Fotso GW, Waako P, Tabuti J, Yeboah SO. Potential of Zanthoxylum leprieurii as a source of active compounds against drug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Altern Ther Health Med 2017; 17:89. [PMID: 28148252 PMCID: PMC5289037 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-017-1602-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2016] [Accepted: 01/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tuberculosis (TB) is still a global health problem mainly due to development of resistance and co-infection with the Human immune Virus (HIV). Treatment of multi and extensively drug resistant TB requires use of second line drugs which are less efficacious, expensive and very toxic. This has necessitated a need to search for new treatment regimens especially from medicinal plants. Zanthoxylum leprieurii, a plant species from Rutaceae is used locally in the treatment of tuberculosis in Uganda. The aim of the study was to isolate, identify and characterize bio active compounds from Z. leprieurii stem bark with antimycobacterial activity. METHODS Crude extracts, fractions and compounds from air dried stem bark of Z. leprieurii were tested against pan sensitive (H37rv), isoniazid resistant (TMC 301) and rifampicin resistant (TMC 331) strains of M. tuberculosis using micro plate alamar blue assay. Isolation of active compounds was done by using column chromatography and thin layer chromatography. They were analysed using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and mass spectroscopy. RESULTS The methanol extract had minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of 47.5, 75.3 and 125.0 μg/ml on the pan sensitive strain, rifampicin resistant and isozianid resistant strains of M. tuberculosis respectively. The chloroform extract had MIC values of 260 μg/ml agnaist the pan sensitive strain and 156 μg/ml on the rifampicin resistant strain. Of the sixteen fractions from the methanol extract, fraction Za4 (MIC = 6.3 μg/mL, 23.0 μg/mL, 11.7 μg/mL) and Za6 (MIC = 11.7 μg/mL 31.2 μg/ml, 31.2 μg/ml) were the most active. Three acridone alkaloids; hydroxy-1, 3-dimethoxy-10-methyl-9-acridone (1), 1-hydroxy-3-methoxy-10-methyl-9-acridone (2) and 3-hydroxy-1, 5, 6-trimethoxy-9-acridone (3) were isolated from Za4 and Za6. The MIC of compound 3 was found to be 5.1 μg/ml, 4.5 μg/ml and 3.9 μg/ml on H37rv, TMC 331 and TMC 301 while that of 1 was found to be 1.5 μg/ml, 8.3 μg/ml and 3.5 μg/ml respectively. CONCLUSION The results of this study suggest that Z. leprieurii is active on resistant strains of M. tuberculosis and could be a potential source of new leads against resistant tuberculosis. It also verifies the local use of the plant in treatment of tuberculosis.
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Pavela R, Maggi F, Mbuntcha H, Woguem V, Fogang HPD, Womeni HM, Tapondjou LA, Barboni L, Nicoletti M, Canale A, Benelli G. Traditional herbal remedies and dietary spices from Cameroon as novel sources of larvicides against filariasis mosquitoes? Parasitol Res 2016; 115:4617-4626. [DOI: 10.1007/s00436-016-5254-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Accepted: 09/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Sandjo LP, Kuete V, Siwe XN, Poumale HMP, Efferth T. Cytotoxicity of an unprecedented brominated oleanolide and a new furoceramide from the Cameroonian spice, Echinops giganteus. Nat Prod Res 2016; 30:2529-2537. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2015.1120724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Louis P. Sandjo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, CCS – Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Trindade, Brazil
| | - Victor Kuete
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Xavier N. Siwe
- Department of Chemical Technology, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Herve M. P. Poumale
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, CCS – Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Trindade, Brazil
| | - Thomas Efferth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
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Ethnomedical Knowledge of Plants Used for the Treatment of Tuberculosis in Johor, Malaysia. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2016; 2016:2850845. [PMID: 26881002 PMCID: PMC4735896 DOI: 10.1155/2016/2850845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2015] [Accepted: 11/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This study documented ethnomedical knowledge of plants used for the treatment of tuberculosis (TB) and its related symptoms as practiced by the Jakun community of Kampung Peta, situated in Endau Rompin Johor National Park, Johor, Malaysia. Eight key informants were selected by snowball sampling technique and data about medicinal plants were collected by semistructured interviews, participatory observations, and focus group. Qualitative analysis was undertaken using thematic analysis. There were 23 species of plants (22 genera, 20 families) documented and herbarium specimens were deposited at the UTHM Herbarium. Dipterocarpus sublamellatus was recorded for the first time with ethnomedical uses while other species were previously reported. The qualitative approach employed in this study demonstrates the emic perspective in terms of perceptions on traditional herbal medicine, transfer of knowledge, significant taboos related with medicinal plants, and their conservation efforts. Local and biomedical terminology in treatment of TB showed substantial correspondence. The outcomes obtained in the study are worth being further investigated for conservation strategies and are worthy of verifying their ethnomedical claims scientifically.
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Chinsembu KC. Tuberculosis and nature's pharmacy of putative anti-tuberculosis agents. Acta Trop 2016; 153:46-56. [PMID: 26464047 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2015.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2015] [Revised: 10/05/2015] [Accepted: 10/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Due to the growing problem of drug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains, coupled with the twinning of tuberculosis (TB) to human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS), the burden of TB is now difficult to manage. Therefore, new antimycobacterial agents are being sought from natural sources. This review focuses on natural antimycobacterial agents from endophytes and medicinal plants of Africa, Europe, Asia, South America and Canada. In the countries mentioned in this review, numerous plant species display putative anti-TB activity. Several antimycobacterial chemical compounds have also been isolated, including: ellagitannin punicalagin, allicin, anthraquinone glycosides, iridoids, phenylpropanoids, beta-sitosterol, galanthimine, crinine, friedelin, gallic acid, ellagic acids, anthocyanidin, taraxerol, termilignan B, arjunic acid, glucopyranosides, 1-epicatechol, leucopelargonidol, hydroxybenzoic acids, benzophenanthridine alkaloids, neolignans, and decarine. These compounds may provide leads to novel and more efficacious drugs to lessen the global burden of TB and drug-resistant M. tuberculosis strains. If there is a long-term remedy for TB, it must lie in nature's pharmacy of putative antimycobacterial agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazhila C Chinsembu
- University of Namibia, Faculty of Science, Department of Biological Sciences, Private Bag 13301, Windhoek, Namibia.
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Ticha LA, Klaasen JA, Green IR, Naidoo S, Baker B, Pietersen RD. Phytochemical and Antimicrobial Screening of Flavanones and Chalcones from Galenia africana and Dicerothamnus rhinocerotis. Nat Prod Commun 2015. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1501000713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
This study focused on an 80% ethanol:water extract of Galenia africana and Dicerothamnus rhinocerotis in which a phytochemical study revealed the presence of flavonoids as the major secondary plant metabolites. Eleven pure flavonoids viz., ( E)-2′,4′-dihydroxychalcone 1, ( S)-7-hydroxyflavanone 2, ( E)-2′,4′-dihydroxy-2,3-dihydrochalcone 3, ( S)-5,7-dihydroxyflavanone 4, ( S)-2′,5,7,-trihydroxyflavanone 5, ( S)-5,7-dihydroxy-2′-methoxyflavanone 6, 5,7-dihydroxy-4H-chromen-4-one 7, ( S)-5-hydroxy-7-methoxyflavanone 8 and ( E)-2-hydroxy-3′,6′-dimethoxychalcone 9 were isolated from G. africana, while [sakuranetin] ( S)-4′,5-dihydroxy-7-methoxyflavanone 10 and [eriodictyol-3′,7-dimethyl ether] ( S)-4′,5-dihydroxy-3′,7-dimethoxyflavanone 11 were isolated from D. rhinocerotis. Compounds 6 and 9 are new while this is the first reported isolation of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 10 and 11 from these plants. All isolated compounds were tested for their antimycobacterial activity against the reference strain Mtb H37Rv. The most active compound, 9, demonstrated a MIC 99 of 5 μM against Mtb H37Rv American Type Culture (ATCC) and (ATCC27294), which were also sensitive to Isoniazid (INH) and Rifampicin. The antibacterial activity of 9 might be ascribed to the presence of features such as the α,β-unsaturated ketone and the substitution patterns on the A and B rings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lawrence A. Ticha
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, South Africa
| | - Jeremy A. Klaasen
- Department of Medical Biosciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, 7535 South Africa
| | - Ivan R. Green
- Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, Stellenbosch, 7602, South Africa
| | - Sivapregasen Naidoo
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, South Africa
| | - Bienyameen Baker
- Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Centre for Biomedical TB Research, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, South Africa
| | - Ray-Dean Pietersen
- Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Centre for Biomedical TB Research, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, South Africa
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Saravanakumar A, Ganesh M, Peng MM, Aziz AS, Jang HT. Comparative antioxidant and antimycobacterial activities ofOpuntia ficus-indicafruit extracts from summer and rainy seasons. FRONTIERS IN LIFE SCIENCE 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/21553769.2015.1028655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Cui H, Zhang X, Zhou H, Zhao C, Xiao Z, Lin L, Li C. Antibacterial Properties of Nutmeg Oil in Pork and Its Possible Mechanism. J Food Saf 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/jfs.12184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Haiying Cui
- School of Food and Biological Engineering; Jiangsu University; Zhenjiang 212013 China
| | - Xuejing Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering; Jiangsu University; Zhenjiang 212013 China
| | - Hui Zhou
- School of Food and Biological Engineering; Jiangsu University; Zhenjiang 212013 China
| | - Chengting Zhao
- School of Food and Biological Engineering; Jiangsu University; Zhenjiang 212013 China
| | | | - Lin Lin
- School of Food and Biological Engineering; Jiangsu University; Zhenjiang 212013 China
- Hunan Academy of Forestry; Changsha China
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Dzoyem JP, Kuete V, McGaw LJ, Eloff JN. The 15-lipoxygenase inhibitory, antioxidant, antimycobacterial activity and cytotoxicity of fourteen ethnomedicinally used African spices and culinary herbs. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2014; 156:1-8. [PMID: 25150529 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2014.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2014] [Revised: 08/01/2014] [Accepted: 08/10/2014] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Culinary herbs and spices are widely used ethnomedically across Africa. They are traditionally employed in the treatment of several ailments including inflammation disorders, pain alleviation and infectious diseases. Pharmacological studies are necessary to provide a scientific basis to substantiate their traditional use and safety. In this study, the 15-lipoxygenase inhibitory, antioxidant, antimycobacterial and the cytotoxic activities, total phenolic and flavonoid contents of fourteen edible plants were investigated. MATERIALS AND METHODS The 15-lipoxygenase inhibitory activity was evaluated by the ferrous oxidation-xylenol orange (FOX) assay method. The antioxidant activity was determined using free-radical scavenging assays. The antimycobacterial activity was determined by a broth microdilution method against three species of mycobacteria: Mycobacterium smegmatis, Mycobacterium aurum and Mycobacterium fortuitum using tetrazolium violet as growth indicator. The cytotoxicity was assessed by the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay on Vero monkey kidney cells. RESULTS All the extracts tested had some 15-lipoxygenase inhibitory activity ranging from 32.9 to 78.64%. Adansonia digitata (fruit) had the highest antioxidant capacity (IC₅₀ values of 8.15 μg/mL and 9.16 μg/mL in the DPPH and ABTS assays respectively; TEAC of 0.75 in the FRAP assay) along with the highest amount of total phenolics (237.68 mg GAE/g) and total flavonoids (16.14 mg E/g). There were good correlations between DPPH and ABTS values (R(2) 0.98) and between total phenolics and total flavonoids (R(2) 0.94). Tamarindus indica had significant antimycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium aurum (MIC 78 μg/mL). As could be expected with edible plants, all the extracts had a relatively low cytotoxicity with LC₅₀ values higher than 102 μg/mL with the exception of the two Aframomum species (33 and 74 μg/mL). CONCLUSIONS This study provides scientific support for some of the the traditional uses and the pharmacological activities of the culinary herbs and spices investigated. The results suggest that increasing intake of some of these herbs may be useful in preventing or reducing the progression of lifestyle-related diseases. The diversity of the pharmacological activities of the extract from the fruit of Adansonia digitata suggested that this plant might be valuable for application in human and animal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Paul Dzoyem
- Phytomedicine Programme, Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X04, Onderstepoort 0110, Pretoria, South Africa; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 67, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Victor Kuete
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 67, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Lyndy J McGaw
- Phytomedicine Programme, Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X04, Onderstepoort 0110, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Jacobus N Eloff
- Phytomedicine Programme, Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X04, Onderstepoort 0110, Pretoria, South Africa.
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Fomogne-Fodjo MCY, Van Vuuren S, Ndinteh DT, Krause RWM, Olivier DK. Antibacterial activities of plants from Central Africa used traditionally by the Bakola pygmies for treating respiratory and tuberculosis-related symptoms. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2014; 155:123-131. [PMID: 24786571 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2014.04.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2013] [Revised: 04/15/2014] [Accepted: 04/19/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The antibacterial activities of 18 plants from 10 different families were investigated for their antimicrobial efficacy, based on the traditional uses of these species by Bakola pygmies living in Central Africa, especially along the Ngoyang area in Cameroon for the treatment of respiratory and tuberculosis-related symptoms. The aim of the study is to test the antimicrobial efficacy of these plants against some pathogens associated with respiratory disease and to determine if there is any validation for the traditional use against Mycobacterium species. MATERIALS AND METHODS Medium polar extracts were prepared in MeOH/DCM (1:1, v/v) from the plant parts of each species used traditionally and were assayed against pathogens associated with respiratory tract ailments [Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923), Klebsiella pneumoniae (ATCC 13883) and Morexella cattarhalis (ATCC 14468)] using the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) method. Two additional faster growing Mycobacterium strains [Mycobacterium smegmatis (ATCC 23246) and Mycobacterium aurum (NCTC 10437)] were included in the assay as predictive test organisms for the more pathogenic strain Mycobacterium tuberculosis. RESULTS Some plant species, such as Alchornea floribunda, Musanga cecropioides (both leaves and stem bark), Tetracera potatoria and Xylopia aethiopica (stem bark), were effective in inhibiting Morexella cattarhalis, having MIC values between 65 and 250 μg/mL. Some noteworthy antimycobacterial inhibition (MIC≤200 μg/mL and as low as MIC 6.5 µg/mL) for 54% of the extracts were observed. CONCLUSION While moderate activity was shown for pathogens causing respiratory tract infections, these plant species seems to be selectively targeting Mycobacteria spp. suggesting that the traditional use for treating tuberculosis related symptoms may be indeed be accurate.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Y Fomogne-Fodjo
- Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Johannesburg, PO Box 17011, Doornfontein, Johannesburg 2028, South Africa
| | - S Van Vuuren
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of the Witwatersrand, 7 York Road, Parktown 2193, South Africa
| | - D T Ndinteh
- Department of Chemistry, Rhodes University, Grahamstown 6140, South Africa
| | - R W M Krause
- Department of Chemistry, Rhodes University, Grahamstown 6140, South Africa.
| | - D K Olivier
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of the Witwatersrand, 7 York Road, Parktown 2193, South Africa
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Dzoyem JP, Tchuenguem RT, Kuiate JR, Teke GN, Kechia FA, Kuete V. In vitro and in vivo antifungal activities of selected Cameroonian dietary spices. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2014; 14:58. [PMID: 24533718 PMCID: PMC3933192 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-14-58] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2013] [Accepted: 02/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Background Spices and herbs have been used in food since ancient times to give taste and flavor and also as food preservatives and disease remedies. In Cameroon, the use of spices and other aromatic plants as food flavoring is an integral part of dietary behavior, but relatively little is known about their antifungal potential. The present work was designed to assess the antifungal properties of extracts from spices used in Cameroonian dietary. Methods The in vitro antifungal activities of twenty three extracts from twenty one spices were assessed by the broth micro-dilution method against eight fungi. Also, the in vivo activity of Olax subscorpioidea extract (the most active extract) was evaluated in rat model of disseminated candidiasis due to Candida albicans by estimating the fungal burden in blood and kidney. Results Seven extracts (30%) exhibited moderate to significant antifungal activities, inhibiting the growth of the microorganisms at concentrations ranging from 0.048 to 0.39 mg/mL. Olax subscorpioidea extract exhibited the highest antifungal activity particularly against Candida albicans and Candida tropicalis (MIC of 0.097 mg/mL and 0.048 mg/mL respectively). Sixteen extracts (70%) were weakly active (MICs > 6.25 mg/mL). Oral administration of O. subscorpioidea extract at the dose 2 g/kg of body weight (bw) to artificially infected rats revealed a drop in the number of colony forming units per milliliter (cfu/mL) of Candida albicans cells in the blood below the detection limit (100 cfu/mL) while a modest decrease was observed in the kidney. Conclusion The present work shows that some of the spices studied possess interesting antifungal properties and could be used to treat candidiasis. Among the plant species tested, Olax subscorpioidea displayed the most promising result.
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Askun T, Tekwu EM, Satil F, Modanlioglu S, Aydeniz H. Preliminary antimycobacterial study on selected Turkish plants (Lamiaceae) against Mycobacterium tuberculosis and search for some phenolic constituents. Altern Ther Health Med 2013; 13:365. [PMID: 24359458 PMCID: PMC3878028 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-13-365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2013] [Accepted: 12/13/2013] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Background The global resurgence of tuberculosis is a significant threat. Lamiaceae members have been used in folk remedies for centuries. This study was designed to assess the in-vitro antimycobacterial activity of eighteen crude extracts from six plants (Lamiaceae) and to characterize their phenolic and flavonoid compounds. Methods Six Turkish medicinal plants of the family Lamiaceae (Stachys tmolea Boiss., Stachys thirkei C. Koch, Ballota acetabulosa (L.) Benth., Thymus sipthorpii Benth., Satureja aintabensis P.H. Davis, and Micromeria juliana (L.) Benth. ex Reich.) were collected in 2009 – 2010. Dried and crushed plant samples were subjected to sequential extraction with petroleum ether, ethyl acetate, and methanol in order of increasing polarity. A broth microdilution method was employed to screen extracts against four mycobacterial strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Phenolic and flavonoid compounds were characterized by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry. Results S. aintabensis, T. sibthorpii, and M. juliana were found to develop considerable activity against the four strains of M. tuberculosis with the minimal inhibitory concentrations value of 12.5-100 μg/ml. S. aintabensis and T. sibthorpii extracts killed M. tuberculosis with the minimum bactericidal concentration value of 50–800 μg/ml. On the basis of these prominent antimycobacterial activity, we suggest that they could be a source of natural anti-tuberculosis agents. Conclusion S. aintabensis and T. sibthorpii showed activity by killing Mycobacteria strains. The major phenolic compound was rosmarinic for T. sibthorpii and S. aintabensis. Flavonoids might be “a modal” for the drug design.
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Ranasinghe P, Pigera S, Premakumara GAS, Galappaththy P, Constantine GR, Katulanda P. Medicinal properties of 'true' cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum): a systematic review. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2013; 13:275. [PMID: 24148965 PMCID: PMC3854496 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-13-275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2013] [Accepted: 10/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In traditional medicine Cinnamon is considered a remedy for respiratory, digestive and gynaecological ailments. In-vitro and in-vivo studies from different parts of the world have demonstrated numerous beneficial medicinal effects of Cinnamomum zeylanicum (CZ). This paper aims to systematically review the scientific literature and provide a comprehensive summary on the potential medicinal benefits of CZ. METHODS A comprehensive systematic review was conducted in the following databases; PubMed, Web of Science, SciVerse Scopus for studies published before 31st December 2012. The following keywords were used: "Cinnamomum zeylanicum", "Ceylon cinnamon", "True cinnamon" and "Sri Lankan cinnamon". To obtain additional data a manual search was performed using the reference lists of included articles. RESULTS The literature search identified the following number of articles in the respective databases; PubMed=54, Web of Science=76 and SciVerse Scopus=591. Thirteen additional articles were identified by searching reference lists. After removing duplicates the total number of articles included in the present review is 70. The beneficial health effects of CZ identified were; a) anti-microbial and anti-parasitic activity, b) lowering of blood glucose, blood pressure and serum cholesterol, c) anti-oxidant and free-radical scavenging properties, d) inhibition of tau aggregation and filament formation (hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease), e) inhibitory effects on osteoclastogenesis, f) anti-secretagogue and anti-gastric ulcer effects, g) anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory activity, h) wound healing properties and i) hepato-protective effects. The studies reported minimal toxic and adverse effects. CONCLUSIONS The available in-vitro and in-vivo evidence suggests that CZ has many beneficial health effects. However, since data on humans are sparse, randomized controlled trials in humans will be necessary to determine whether these effects have public health implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanga Ranasinghe
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka
| | - Shehani Pigera
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka
| | | | | | - Godwin R Constantine
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka
| | - Prasad Katulanda
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka
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Leitão F, Leitão SG, de Almeida MZ, Cantos J, Coelho T, da Silva PEA. Medicinal plants from open-air markets in the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil as a potential source of new antimycobacterial agents. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2013; 149:513-521. [PMID: 23871806 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2013.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2013] [Revised: 06/30/2013] [Accepted: 07/06/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Several medicinal plants are traditionally traded in open-air markets in Rio de Janeiro State (Brazil) to treat tuberculosis (TB) and related symptoms. AIMS OF THE STUDY Conduct a survey in the open-air markets of 20 cities of Rio de Janeiro State to find medicinal plants that are popularly used to treat tuberculosis and other related diseases and assess their in vitro antimycobacterial activity. MATERIALS AND METHODS We used direct observation and semi-structured interviews and asked herbalists to list species (free listing) in order to gather data about the plant species most commonly used for lung problems. We calculated a Salience Index and acquired two species of "erva-de-passarinho" (mistletoe), Struthanthus marginatus and Struthanthus concinnus (Loranthaceae), commonly used to treat tuberculosis for a bioassay-guided isolation of the antimycobacterial active principles. Extracts, fractions and isolated compounds of both species were assayed in vitro against susceptible (H37Rv) and rifampicin-resistant (ATCC 35338) Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains. RESULTS From the interviews, we generated a list of 36 plant species belonging to 12 families. The mistletoes Struthanthus marginatus and Struthanthus concinnus showed high Salience Index values among plants used to treat tuberculosis. Bioassay-guided fractionation of hexane extracts from both species led to the isolation and/or identification of steroids and terpenoids. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of the extracts and isolated compounds ranged from 25 to 200 μg/mL. Some of the isolated compounds have been previously assayed against Mycobacterium tuberculosis, others are reported here for the first time (obtusifoliol: MIC H37Rv 50 μg/mL, MIC ATCC 35338 12.5 μg/mL; 3-O-n-acil-lup-20(29)-en-3β,7β,15α-triol: MIC H37Rv 200 μg/mL, MIC ATCC 35338 100 μg/mL). CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated the importance of ethnobotanical surveys in markets as a source for new drugs and also for scientific validation of folk medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Leitão
- Programa de Biotecnologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, UFRJ, Brazil
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Sergio AO, Fabiola CV, Guadalupe NM, Blanca RC, León HO. Evaluation of antimycobacterium activity of the essential oils of cumin (<i>Cuminum cyminum</i>), clove (Eugenia caryophyllata), cinnamon (<i>Cinnamomum verum</i>), laurel (<i>Laurus nobilis</i>) and anis (<i>Pimpinella anisum</i>) against <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i>. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.4236/abc.2013.35052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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