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da Silva Santana KT, Do Nascimento Marinho KS, de Melo Alcântara LF, da Silva Carvalho CM, Alves Viturino da Silva W, Assunção Ferreira MR, da Silva MM, Dos Santos Souza TG, Soares LAL, Chagas CA, de Aguiar Júnior FCA, da Silva Santos NP, Napoleão TH, Dos Santos Correia MT, Pereira Dos Santos KR, da Silva MV. Phytochemical profile and determination of cytotoxicity, acute oral toxicity, genotoxicity, and mutagenicity of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Pseudobombax marginatum (A. St.-Hil.) A. Robyns. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2024; 87:662-673. [PMID: 38808737 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2024.2358352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
Pseudobombax marginatum, popularly known as "embiratanha," is widely used by traditional communities as anti-inflammatory and analgesic agent. This study aimed to determine the phytochemical profile as well as cytotoxicity, acute oral toxicity, genotoxicity, and mutagenicity attributed to exposure to aqueous (AqEx) and ethanolic (EtEx) extracts of embiratanha bark. Phytochemical screening was conducted using thin-layer chromatography (TLC). Cell viability was analyzed using MTT assay with human mammary gland adenocarcinoma (MDA-MB-231) and macrophage (J774A.1) cell lines, exposed to concentrations of 12.5, 25, 50, or 100 µg/ml of either extract. For acute oral toxicity, comet assay and micronucleus (MN) tests, a single dose of 2,000 mg/kg of either extract was administered orally to Wistar rats. TLC analysis identified classes of metabolites in the extracts, including cinnamic acid derivatives, flavonoids, hydrolyzable tannins, condensed tannins, coumarins, and terpenes/steroids. In the cytotoxicity assay, the varying concentrations of extracts derived from embiratanha induced no significant alterations in the viability of MDA-MB-231 cells. The lowest concentration of EtEx significantly increased macrophage J774A.1 viability. However, the higher concentrations of AqEx markedly lowered macrophage J774A.1 viability. Animals exhibited no toxicity in the parameters analyzed in acute oral toxicity, comet assay, and MN tests. Further, EtEx promoted a significant reduction in DNA damage index and DNA damage frequency utilizing the comet assay, while the group treated with AqEx exhibited no marked differences. Thus, data demonstrated that AqEx or EtEx of embiratanha may be considered safe at a dose of 2,000 mg/kg orgally under our experimental conditions tested.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Marllyn Marques da Silva
- Academic Center of Vitória, Federal University of Pernambuco, Vitória de Santo Antão, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | | | - Luiz Alberto Lira Soares
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Cristiano Aparecido Chagas
- Academic Center of Vitória, Federal University of Pernambuco, Vitória de Santo Antão, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Márcia Vanusa da Silva
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
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Senes-Lopes TFD, Luz JRDD, Guterres ZDR, Barbosa EA, Batista D, Galdino OA, Ururahy MAG, Gomes Dos Santos EC, López JA, Araujo-Silva G, Almeida MDG. Pseudobombax parvifolium Hydroalcoholic Bark Extract: Chemical Characterisation and Cytotoxic, Mutagenic, and Preclinical Aspects Associated with a Protective Effect on Oxidative Stress. Metabolites 2023; 13:748. [PMID: 37367906 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13060748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Plants have long been used in traditional medicine to treat illnesses. Nevertheless, their chemical diversity requires studies to establish the extract dosage and its safe use. Pseudobombax parvifolium, an endemic species of the Brazilian Caatinga biome, is commonly used in folk medicine, due to its anti-inflammatory properties related to cellular oxidative stress; however, its biological properties have scarcely been studied. In this study, we chemically characterized the P. parvifolium hydroalcoholic bark extract (EBHE) and evaluated its cytotoxic, mutagenic, and preclinical aspects, as well as its antioxidant effect. Our phytochemical analysis revealed a significative total polyphenol content and identified loliolide for the first time in this species. Cytotoxicity, mutagenicity, and acute oral and repeated dose indicated no toxic effects on cell culture, Drosophila melanogaster, and Wistar rat exposure to different EBHE concentrations, respectively. Furthermore, we observed a significant decrease in lipid peroxidation and a mild hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effect with repeated oral dosing of EBHE. Although there were no significant changes in glutathione content, we did observe a significant increase in superoxide dismutase at a dose of 400 mg/kg and in glutathione peroxidase at doses of 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg. These findings suggest that EBHE has potential as a source of bioactive molecules, and it can be used safely in traditional medicine and in the development of herbal medicines for application in the public health system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiago Felipe de Senes-Lopes
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59012-570, RN, Brazil
- Multidisciplinary Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59012-570, RN, Brazil
- Laboratory of Cytogenetics and Mutagenesis, State University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Mundo Novo 79980-000, MS, Brazil
| | - Jefferson Romáryo Duarte da Luz
- Multidisciplinary Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59012-570, RN, Brazil
- Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry Laboratory, State University of Amapá, Macapá 68900-070, AP, Brazil
| | - Zaira da Rosa Guterres
- Laboratory of Cytogenetics and Mutagenesis, State University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Mundo Novo 79980-000, MS, Brazil
| | - Eder A Barbosa
- Laboratory of Synthesis and Analysis of Biomolecules, Institute of Chemistry, University Campus Darcy Ribeiro, University of Brasília, Brasília 70910-900, DF, Brazil
| | - Débora Batista
- Multidisciplinary Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59012-570, RN, Brazil
| | - Ony Araújo Galdino
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59012-570, RN, Brazil
| | - Marcela Abbott Galvão Ururahy
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59012-570, RN, Brazil
| | - Elizabeth Cristina Gomes Dos Santos
- Multidisciplinary Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59012-570, RN, Brazil
| | - Jorge A López
- Multidisciplinary Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59012-570, RN, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Araujo-Silva
- Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry Laboratory, State University of Amapá, Macapá 68900-070, AP, Brazil
| | - Maria das Graças Almeida
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59012-570, RN, Brazil
- Multidisciplinary Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59012-570, RN, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59012-570, RN, Brazil
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da Rosa MM, de Amorim LC, Alves JVDO, Aguiar IFDS, Oliveira FGDS, da Silva MV, dos Santos MTC. The promising role of natural products in Alzheimer's disease. BRAIN DISORDERS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dscb.2022.100049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022] Open
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Cavalcante da Silva G, Macário de Oliveira A, Soares de Freitas AF, Paiva PMG, Napoleão TH. Antinociceptive and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Saline Extract and Lectin-Rich Fraction from Microgramma vacciniifolia Rhizome in Mice. Chem Biodivers 2021; 18:e2100125. [PMID: 33893724 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202100125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have characterized a saline extract from Microgramma vacciniifolia rhizome and its lectin (MvRL)-rich fraction with low acute toxicity. In the present study, we evaluated these preparations for acute toxicity (1,000 mg/kg) and antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities (100-400 mg/kg for the extract and 25-50 mg/kg for the fraction). No signs of toxicity were observed. Both the extract and fraction increased the latency period for nociception in the hot plate assay, decreased writhing induced by acetic acid, and promoted analgesic effects in phases 1 and 2 of the formalin test. The antinociceptive mechanism was attributed to interactions with opioid receptors and K+ ATPase channels. The extract and fraction decreased carrageenan-induced paw edema in 46.15 % and 77.22 %, respectively, at the highest doses evaluated. Furthermore, the fraction was shown to act on the bradykinin pathway. The ability to decrease leukocyte migration after treatment was also verified in the peritonitis and air pouch models. In exudates collected from air pouches, decreased tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and increased interleukin (IL)-10 levels were noted. Both the extract and fraction also effectively inhibited the development of granulomatous tissue. In conclusion, the substances investigated in this study can be used for the development of novel therapeutic options for pain and inflammatory processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Cavalcante da Silva
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Alisson Macário de Oliveira
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | | | - Patrícia Maria Guedes Paiva
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Thiago Henrique Napoleão
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
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Lopes K, Oliveira J, Sousa-Junior FJC, Santos TDF, Andrade D, Andrade SL, Pereira WL, Gomes PWP, Monteiro MC, e Silva CYY, da Silva MN, Maia CF, Fontes-Júnior EA. Chemical Composition, Toxicity, Antinociceptive, and Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Dry Aqueous Extract of Varronia multispicata (Cham.) Borhidi ( Cordiaceae) Leaves. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:1376. [PMID: 31827436 PMCID: PMC6890604 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.01376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Varronia multispicata (Cham.) Borhidi (Cordiaceae), an herbaceous plant distributed in tropical and subtropical regions is native of Brazil and widely used in folk medicine to treat respiratory and digestive diseases, inflammation, and some types of infections. Thus, this study aimed to investigate acute oral toxicity, antinociceptive, and anti-inflammatory activities of dry aqueous extract of V. multispicata (AEVm) and to identify its compounds. Extract was obtained by lyophilized leaf infusion and its composition was analyzed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (LC-MS). Acute oral toxicity was evaluated in female rats treated with AEVm (2,000 mg/kg) in a single oral dose. Mortality, body weight changes, feed and water intake, organ weights, histological and biochemical parameters were screened for 14 days. Antinociceptive activity was evaluated by writhing (WT), formalin (FT), and hot plate (HP) tests in male mice while anti-inflammatory activity was performed by carrageenan (CPE) and dextran (DPE)-induced paw edema tests and carrageenan-induced peritonitis (CP) test in male rats. Additionally, spontaneous open-field (OF) locomotion was evaluated. LC-MS analysis revealed the presence of flavonoids with biological activity. In toxicity evaluation, extract did not cause deaths in dose of 2,000 mg/kg, and there were no significant behavioral or biochemical alterations. Additionally, evidence of hepatoprotective and antioxidant activity was observed. In pharmacological evaluation AEVm showed dose-dependent antinociceptive activity in WT, with a median effective dose of 146.89 mg/kg, which showed selectivity by inflammatory base processes (FT first phase; p < 0.001), showing no activity in neuropathic nociception components (FT second phase and HP) or about consciousness and locomotion in OF. AEVm also showed significant anti-inflammatory activity, inhibiting CPE (p < 0.001) and cell migration (p < 0.05) and nitric oxide (NO) production (p < 0,01) in CP test. These data demonstrate that AEVm has low oral toxicity-with evidence of hepatoprotective and antioxidant properties-antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activity, supporting V. multispicata traditional use, possibly related to flavonoids present in its constitution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaylton Lopes
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil
- Laboratório de Farmacologia da Inflamação e do Comportamento, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Juliana Oliveira
- Laboratório de Cromatografia Líquida, Instituto de Ciências Exatas e Naturais, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Fabio J. C. Sousa-Junior
- Laboratório de Farmacologia da Inflamação e do Comportamento, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Túlio da F. Santos
- Laboratório de Cromatografia Líquida, Instituto de Ciências Exatas e Naturais, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Débora Andrade
- Laboratório de Farmacologia da Inflamação e do Comportamento, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Sara L. Andrade
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde e Produção Animal na Amazônia, Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia, Belém, Brazil
| | - Washington L. Pereira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde e Produção Animal na Amazônia, Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia, Belém, Brazil
| | - Paulo Wender P. Gomes
- Laboratório de Cromatografia Líquida, Instituto de Ciências Exatas e Naturais, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Marta C. Monteiro
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Consuelo Y. Yoshioka e Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil
- Laboratório de Cromatografia Líquida, Instituto de Ciências Exatas e Naturais, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Milton Nascimento da Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil
- Laboratório de Cromatografia Líquida, Instituto de Ciências Exatas e Naturais, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Cristiane F. Maia
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil
- Laboratório de Farmacologia da Inflamação e do Comportamento, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Enéas A. Fontes-Júnior
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil
- Laboratório de Farmacologia da Inflamação e do Comportamento, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil
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da Silva Pantoja P, Assreuy AMS, Silva RO, Damasceno SRB, Mendonça VA, Mendes TS, Morais JAV, de Almeida SL, Teixeira AÉEA, de Souza MHLP, Pereira MG, Soares PMG. The polysaccharide-rich tea of Ximenia americana barks prevents indomethacin-induced gastrointestinal damage via neutrophil inhibition. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2018; 224:195-201. [PMID: 29859304 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2018.05.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Revised: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Barks of Ximenia americana are used by the population to treat gastrointestinal inflammatory disorders. Indomethacin is a non-selective non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug that induces marked gastrointestinal damage. AIMS OF THE STUDIES To evaluate the gastroprotective activity of total polysaccharides contained in the extract (TPL-Xa) or tea (Tea-Xa) of Ximenia americana barks in the mice gastric damage induced by indomethacin. MATERIALS AND METHODS TPL-Xa was obtained by a combination of NaOH extraction and ethanol precipitation. Tea-Xa was prepared in distilled water boiled during 5 min. Animals received p.o. 0.9% NaCl (saline - control group), TPL-Xa (1-90 mg/kg) or Tea-Xa 1 h before gastritis induction by indomethacin (20 mg/kg). Mice were sacrificed 7 h after gastritis induction and analyzed for the following parameters: stomach lesions measurement; histological evaluation; myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity; nitrate/nitrite and cytokine levels; leukocyte adhesion and rolling by intravital microscopy. RESULTS TPL-Xa reduced macroscopic and microscopic damage, MPO activity (59%), leukocyte rolling (86%) and adhesion (84%), nitrite/nitrate ratio (100%) and IL-8 (69%), but increased IL-4 (50%). Tea-Xa (12.8 yield; 39.3% carbohydrate, including 25.8% uronic acid; 4% protein) reduced macroscopic damage (62%) and MPO activity (50%). CONCLUSION TPL and Tea of Ximenia americana barks ameliorate the gastric injury induced by indomethacin in mice, an effect that was dependent on the reduction of neutrophil infiltration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia da Silva Pantoja
- LEFFAG - Laboratório de Estudos da Fisio-Farmacologia Gastrintestinal, Centro de Biomedicina, Rua Coronel Nunes de Melo, 1315, 60430-270 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Ana Maria Sampaio Assreuy
- Instituto Superior de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Estadual do Ceará, Av. Dr. Silas Munguba 1700, 60740-000 Fortaleza CE, Brazil
| | - Renan Oliveira Silva
- LEFFAG - Laboratório de Estudos da Fisio-Farmacologia Gastrintestinal, Centro de Biomedicina, Rua Coronel Nunes de Melo, 1315, 60430-270 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Samara Rodrigues Bonfim Damasceno
- LEFFAG - Laboratório de Estudos da Fisio-Farmacologia Gastrintestinal, Centro de Biomedicina, Rua Coronel Nunes de Melo, 1315, 60430-270 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Azevedo Mendonça
- LEFFAG - Laboratório de Estudos da Fisio-Farmacologia Gastrintestinal, Centro de Biomedicina, Rua Coronel Nunes de Melo, 1315, 60430-270 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Tiago Santos Mendes
- LEFFAG - Laboratório de Estudos da Fisio-Farmacologia Gastrintestinal, Centro de Biomedicina, Rua Coronel Nunes de Melo, 1315, 60430-270 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Jose Athayde Vasconcelos Morais
- LEFFAG - Laboratório de Estudos da Fisio-Farmacologia Gastrintestinal, Centro de Biomedicina, Rua Coronel Nunes de Melo, 1315, 60430-270 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Samira Lopes de Almeida
- Faculdade de Educação, Ciências e Letras do Sertão Central, Universidade Estadual do Ceará, Rua José de Queirós Pessoa, 2554, 63900-000 Quixadá, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Antônio Éder Enzo Albuquerque Teixeira
- LEFFAG - Laboratório de Estudos da Fisio-Farmacologia Gastrintestinal, Centro de Biomedicina, Rua Coronel Nunes de Melo, 1315, 60430-270 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | | | - Maria Gonçalves Pereira
- Faculdade de Educação, Ciências e Letras do Sertão Central, Universidade Estadual do Ceará, Rua José de Queirós Pessoa, 2554, 63900-000 Quixadá, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Pedro Marcos Gomes Soares
- LEFFAG - Laboratório de Estudos da Fisio-Farmacologia Gastrintestinal, Centro de Biomedicina, Rua Coronel Nunes de Melo, 1315, 60430-270 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil; Departamento de Morfologia, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Rua Delmiro de Farias s/n, 60430-170, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
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Oliveira de Souza LI, Bezzera-Silva PC, do Amaral Ferraz Navarro DM, da Silva AG, Dos Santos Correia MT, da Silva MV, de Figueiredo RCBQ. The chemical composition and trypanocidal activity of volatile oils from Brazilian Caatinga plants. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 96:1055-1064. [PMID: 29217159 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.11.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2017] [Revised: 11/17/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Essential/volatile oils (EOs) from plants used in the traditional medicine are known as a rich source of chemically diverse compounds with relevant biological activities. In this work we analysed the chemical composition and the in vitro effects of EOs from leaves of Eugenia brejoensis (EBEO), Hyptis pectinata (HPEO), Hypenia salzmannii (HSEO), Lippia macrophylla (LMEO) and seeds of Syagrus coronata (SCEO) on Trypanosoma cruzi, the etiological agent of Chagas disease. The EOs were extracted through hydrodistillation and its chemical composition analysed by GC/MS. The trypanocidal activity against epi- and trypomastigotes was evaluated by optical microscopy and the cytotoxicity to mammalian cells by MTT. The effects of EOs on parasite infection in macrophages were estimated by determining the survival index and the percentage of infection inhibition. The cytotoxicity against mammalian cells was compared to those of parasite by determining the Selectivity Index (SI). Overall, 114 compounds were identified: The main constituents of EOS were: δ-cadinene (15.88%), trans-caryophyllene (9.77%) e α-Muurolol (9.42%) for EBEO; trans-caryophyllene (15.24%), bicyclogermacrene (7.33%) e cis-calamenene (7.15%) for HFEO; trans-caryophyllene (30.91%), caryophyllene oxide (13.19%) and spathulenol (5.68%) for HPEO; Xanthoxylin (17.20%) trans-caryophyllene (14.34%) and methyl-eugenol (5.60%) for HSEO; Thymol (49.81%), carvacrol (31.6%) and σ-cimene (10.27%) for LMEO and octanoic acid (38.83%) dodecanoic acid (38.45%) and decanoic acid (20.51%) for SCEO. All the tested oils showed an inhibitory effect on the growth and survival of all forms of T. cruzi and moderate cytotoxicity towards the mammalian cells (100 < CC50 < 500 μg/mL). The EO of E. brejoensis was the most effective against the parasite presenting higher Selectivity Index for trypo- (SI = 14.45) and amastigote forms (SI = 20.11). Except for SCEO, which was the most cytotoxic for both parasite and mammalian cells, all the oils demonstrated to be more selective for the parasite than the reference drug benznidazole. Taken together our results point the essential oils from Caatinga plants, especially Eugenia brejoensis, as promissory agents for the development of new drugs against Chagas disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa Isabela Oliveira de Souza
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto Aggeu Magalhães IAM-FIOCRUZ/PE, Av. Moraes Rego s/n, Campus da UFPE, 50670-420 Pernambuco, Brazil
| | | | | | - Alexandre Gomes da Silva
- Núcleo de Bioprospecção e Conservação da Caatinga, Instituto Nacional do Semiárido/Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia, Inovações e Comunicações - INSA/MCTIC, Av. Francisco Lopes de Almeida, s/n, Serrotão, 58429-970 Campina Grande, Paraíba, Brazil; Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco UFPE, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego 1235, Cidade Universitária, 50670-420 Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Maria Tereza Dos Santos Correia
- Núcleo de Bioprospecção e Conservação da Caatinga, Instituto Nacional do Semiárido/Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia, Inovações e Comunicações - INSA/MCTIC, Av. Francisco Lopes de Almeida, s/n, Serrotão, 58429-970 Campina Grande, Paraíba, Brazil; Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco UFPE, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego 1235, Cidade Universitária, 50670-420 Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Márcia Vanusa da Silva
- Núcleo de Bioprospecção e Conservação da Caatinga, Instituto Nacional do Semiárido/Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia, Inovações e Comunicações - INSA/MCTIC, Av. Francisco Lopes de Almeida, s/n, Serrotão, 58429-970 Campina Grande, Paraíba, Brazil; Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco UFPE, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego 1235, Cidade Universitária, 50670-420 Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
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Orofacial antinociceptive effect of Mimosa tenuiflora (Willd.) Poiret. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 97:1575-1585. [PMID: 29793320 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2017] [Revised: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 11/03/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Mimosa tenuiflora (Willd.) Poiret, popularly known in Brazil as "jurema-preta" is widely used against bronchitis, fever, headache and inflammation. Its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive potential has already been reported. To assess the orofacial antinociceptive effect of M. tenuiflora, ethanolic extracts of M. tenuiflora (leaves, twigs, barks and roots) were submitted to in vitro tests of antioxidant activity. The extract with the highest antioxidant potential was partitioned and subjected to preliminary chemical prospecting, GC-MS, measurement of phenolic content and cytotoxicity tests of the fraction with the highest antioxidant activity. The nontoxic fraction with the highest antioxidant activity (FATEM) was subjected to tests of acute and chronic orofacial nociception and locomotor activity. The possible mechanisms of neuromodulation were also assessed. The EtOAc fraction, obtained from the ethanolic extract of M. tenuiflora barks, was the one with the highest antioxidant potential and nontoxic (FATEM), and Benzyloxyamine was the major constituent (34.27%). FATEM did not alter the locomotor system of mice and reduced significantly the orofacial nociceptive behavior induced by formalin, glutamate, capsaicin, cinnamaldehyde or acidic saline compared to the control group. FATEM also inhibited formalin- or mustard oil-induced temporomandibular nociception. In addition, it also reduced mustard oil-induced orofacial muscle nociception. However, FATEM did not alter hypertonic saline-induced corneal nociception. Neuropathic nociception was reversed by treatment with FATEM. The antinociceptive effect of FATEM was inhibited by naloxone, L-NAME and glibenclamide. FATEM has pharmacological potential for the treatment of acute and neuropathic orofacial pain and this effect is modulated by the opioid system, nitric oxide and ATP-sensitive potassium channels. These results lead us to studies of isolation and characterization of bioactive principles.
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Sun L, Zong SB, Li JC, Lv YZ, Liu LN, Wang ZZ, Zhou J, Cao L, Kou JP, Xiao W. The essential oil from the twigs of Cinnamomum cassia Presl alleviates pain and inflammation in mice. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2016; 194:904-912. [PMID: 27780753 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.10.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2016] [Revised: 10/19/2016] [Accepted: 10/21/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Cinnamomum cassia Presl (Lauraceae) can be found southern China and its bark is commonly used for centuries as ingredient in food and cosmetic industry. The twigs of Cinnamomum cassia Presl is popularly used in China to treat inflammatory processes, pain, menstrual disorders, hypertension, fever etc. The aim of this study is to evaluate the antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory properties of the essential oil (EO) from the twigs of Cinnamomum cassia Presl. MATERIAL AND METHODS The chemical characterization of the EO was performed by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The EO doses of 15, 30, and 60mg/kg were employed in the biological assays. The antinociceptive effects of the EO were evaluated using the models of acetic acid-induced writhing, oxytocin-induced writhing, and formalin and complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) -induced overt pain tests. we also investigated the effect of the EO in pain intensity to a mechanical stimulus (mechanical hyperalgesia) after carrageenan by using an electronic version of von Frey filaments. Evaluation of anti-inflammatory activity was based on paw edema induced by carrageenan (300µg/25µL/paw) in mice. The levels of cytokines, NO, and PGE2 in paw skin tissue were determined according to instructions. COX-2 and iNOS proteins in paw skin tissue were assessed by Western Blot. RESULTS The EO (15, 30, and 60mg/kg) reduced the number of abdominal writhings induced by acetic acid with inhibition of 38.0%, 55.4% and 58.7%, respectively. The EO (15, 30, and 60mg/kg) also reduced the number of abdominal writhings induced by oxytocin with inhibition of 27.3%, 51.7% and 69.0%, respectively. The EO significant inhibited the inflammatory (second phase: 10-30min) phase of the formalin-induced paw flinching and licking at the doses of 15, 30, and 60mg/kg. The EO at the tested doses of 15, 30, and 60mg/kg showed inhibited CFA-induced paw flinching and licking. The EO (15, 30, and 60mg/kg) also inhibited carrageenan-induced mechanical hyperalgesia and paw edema. It also decreased the levels of cytokines (TNF-α, and IL-1β), NO, and PGE2 in carrageenan-induced mice paw skin tissue. Moreover, Western blot analysis showed that COX-2 and iNOS expressions in paw skin tissue of mice were significantly reduced. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate that the antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory properties of the EO from the twigs of Cinnamomum cassia Presl, corroborating its use in folk medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, Department of Complex Prescription of TCM, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211198, PRChina; State Key Laboratory of New-tech For Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process, Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Lianyungang, Jiangsu 222001, PR China.
| | - Shao-Bo Zong
- State Key Laboratory of New-tech For Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process, Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Lianyungang, Jiangsu 222001, PR China
| | - Jia-Chun Li
- State Key Laboratory of New-tech For Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process, Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Lianyungang, Jiangsu 222001, PR China
| | - Yao-Zhong Lv
- State Key Laboratory of New-tech For Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process, Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Lianyungang, Jiangsu 222001, PR China
| | - Li-Na Liu
- State Key Laboratory of New-tech For Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process, Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Lianyungang, Jiangsu 222001, PR China
| | - Zheng-Zhong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of New-tech For Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process, Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Lianyungang, Jiangsu 222001, PR China
| | - Jun Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of New-tech For Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process, Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Lianyungang, Jiangsu 222001, PR China
| | - Liang Cao
- State Key Laboratory of New-tech For Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process, Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Lianyungang, Jiangsu 222001, PR China
| | - Jun-Ping Kou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, Department of Complex Prescription of TCM, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211198, PRChina.
| | - Wei Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of New-tech For Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process, Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Lianyungang, Jiangsu 222001, PR China.
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