1
|
Zhao M, Li H, Wang R, Lan S, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Sui H, Li W. Traditional Uses, Chemical Constituents and Pharmacological Activities of the Toona sinensis Plant. Molecules 2024; 29:718. [PMID: 38338461 PMCID: PMC10856474 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29030718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Toona sinensis (A. Juss.) Roem., which is widely distributed in China, is a homologous plant resource of medicine and food. The leaves, seeds, barks, buds and pericarps of T. sinensis can be used as medicine with traditional efficacy. Due to its extensive use in traditional medicine in the ancient world, the T. sinensis plant has significant development potential. In this review, 206 compounds, including triterpenoids (1-133), sesquiterpenoids (134-135), diterpenoids (136-142), sterols (143-147), phenols (148-167), flavonoids (168-186), phenylpropanoids (187-192) and others (193-206), are isolated from the T. sinensis plant. The mass spectrum cracking laws of representative compounds (64, 128, 129, 154-156, 175, 177, 179 and 183) are reviewed, which are conducive to the discovery of novel active substances. Modern pharmacological studies have shown that T. sinensis extracts and their compounds have antidiabetic, antidiabetic nephropathy, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antitumor, hepatoprotective, antiviral, antibacterial, immunopotentiation and other biological activities. The traditional uses, chemical constituents, compound cracking laws and pharmacological activities of different parts of T. sinensis are reviewed, laying the foundation for improving the development and utilization of its medicinal value.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mengyao Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang 261053, China; (M.Z.); (H.L.); (R.W.); (S.L.); (Y.W.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Huiting Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang 261053, China; (M.Z.); (H.L.); (R.W.); (S.L.); (Y.W.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Rongshen Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang 261053, China; (M.Z.); (H.L.); (R.W.); (S.L.); (Y.W.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Shuying Lan
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang 261053, China; (M.Z.); (H.L.); (R.W.); (S.L.); (Y.W.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Yuxin Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang 261053, China; (M.Z.); (H.L.); (R.W.); (S.L.); (Y.W.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Yuhua Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang 261053, China; (M.Z.); (H.L.); (R.W.); (S.L.); (Y.W.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Haishan Sui
- Weifang City Inspection and Testing Center, Weifang 261100, China
| | - Wanzhong Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang 261053, China; (M.Z.); (H.L.); (R.W.); (S.L.); (Y.W.); (Y.Z.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Riyadi SA, Naini AA, Supratman U. Sesquiterpenoids from Meliaceae Family and Their Biological Activities. Molecules 2023; 28:4874. [PMID: 37375428 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28124874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Sesquiterpenoids, an important class of natural products possessing three isoprene-derived units, are widely distributed across plants and have a variety of biological activities. All sesquiterpenoids are derived from farnesyl pyrophosphate (FPP), a biosynthesis precursor that can form various carbon skeletons. In order to provide a reference for further research and development of these compounds, this review focused on the increasing number of isolated and volatile sesquiterpenoids found to be produced by plants of the Meliaceae family between 1968 and 2023. The related articles were collected from SciFinder, Google Scholar, and PubMed. According to a literature review, several studies were started for more than 55 years on the plant's stem barks, twigs, leaves, flowers, seeds, and pericarps, where approximately 413 sesquiterpenoid compounds from several groups such as eudesmane, aromadendrane, cadinane, guaiane, bisabolane, furanoeremophilane, humulene, germacrane, and oppositane-type were isolated and identified with some minor products. Additionally, the hypothetical route of sesquiterpenoids biosynthesis from this family was identified, and eudesmane-type was reported to be 27% of the total compounds. The antimicrobial, antidiabetic, antioxidant, antiplasmodial, antiviral, and cytotoxic activities of the isolated compounds and major volatile sesquiterpenoids constituent on essential oil were also evaluated. The result showed the fundamental of using the sesquiterpenoid compounds from the Meliaceae family in traditional medicine and the discovery of new drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Amalia Riyadi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematic and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia
| | - Al Arofatus Naini
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematic and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia
| | - Unang Supratman
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematic and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia
- Central Laboratory, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
de Oliveira GD, da Rocha WRV, Rodrigues JFB, Alves HDS. Synergistic and Antibiofilm Effects of the Essential Oil from Croton conduplicatus (Euphorbiaceae) against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 16:ph16010055. [PMID: 36678551 PMCID: PMC9867205 DOI: 10.3390/ph16010055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacterial resistance refers to the ability of bacteria to resist the action of some antibiotics due to the development of adaptation and resistance mechanisms. It is a serious public health problem, especially for diseases caused by opportunistic bacteria. In this context, the search for new drugs, used alone or in combination, appears as an alternative for the treatment of microbial infections, and natural products, such as essential oils, are important in this process due to their structural diversity, which increases the probability for antimicrobial action. The objective of this study was to extract and identify the chemical components of the essential oil from Croton conduplicatus (EOCC), to evaluate the antimicrobial activity, to investigate the effect of the interaction between the EOCC and different antibiotics and to evaluate its antibiofilm potential. The EOCC was obtained by hydrodistillation. Based on chemical characterisation, 70 compounds were identified, with 1.8 cineole (13.15%), p-cymene (10.68%), caryophyllene (9.73%) and spathulenol (6.36%) being the major constituents. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of EOCC were 256 and 512 µg mL-1 for methicillin-sensitive and -resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains (MSSA and MRSA), respectively. The combinations of EOCC with the antibiotics oxacillin and ampicillin were synergistic (OXA/EOCC and AMP/EOCC combined decreased the OXA MIC and AMP MIC to 0.5 and 0.25 for MSSA, respectively, and OXA/EOCC and AMP/EOCC combined decreased the OXA MIC and the AMP MIC to 1 and 0.5 for MRSA, respectively) and could modify the resistance profile of MSSA and MRSA strains. The results indicated that EOCC was also able to partially inhibit biofilm formation. Our study presents important information about the chemical composition of EOCC and its antimicrobial potential and provides a reference to determine the mechanisms of action of EOCC and its use in pharmaceutical formulations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Genil Dantas de Oliveira
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceuticals Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, State University of Paraiba, Campina Grande 58429-500, Brazil
| | - Wilma Raianny Vieira da Rocha
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceuticals Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, State University of Paraiba, Campina Grande 58429-500, Brazil
| | - José Filipe Bacalhau Rodrigues
- Postgraduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering, Department of Materials Engineering, Federal University of Campina Grande, Campina Grande 58429-900, Brazil
| | - Harley da Silva Alves
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceuticals Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, State University of Paraiba, Campina Grande 58429-500, Brazil
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-83-98790-9234
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Metabolic Engineering of Escherichia coli for the Biosynthesis of α-Copaene from Glucose. Biochem Eng J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2022.108561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
5
|
Sun Y, Xie Y, Tang H, Ren Z, Luan X, Zhang Y, Zhu M, Lv Z, Bao H, Li Y, Liu R, Shen Y, Zheng Y, Pei J. In vitro and in vivo Evaluation of a Novel Estrogen-Targeted PEGylated Oxaliplatin Liposome for Gastric Cancer. Int J Nanomedicine 2022; 16:8279-8303. [PMID: 34992365 PMCID: PMC8712509 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s340180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Chemotherapy is still the main first-line treatment for advanced metastatic gastric cancer, but it has the limitations of serious side effects and drug resistance. Conventional liposome has been substantially used as drug carriers, but they lack targeting character with lower drug bioavailability in tumor tissues. Based on the above problems, a novel estrogen-targeted PEGylated liposome loaded with oxaliplatin (ES-SSL-OXA) was prepared to further improve the metabolic behavior, the safety profile, and the anti-tumor efficacy of oxaliplatin. Methods Four kinds of oxaliplatin (OXA) liposomes were prepared by film hydration method. The obtained formulations were characterized in terms of entrapment efficiency (EE), particle size, and so on by HPLC and DLS (dynamic light scanning). The morphology of ES-SSL-OXA was detected by transmission electron microscope (TEM). The in vitro and in vivo targeting effect of ES-SSL-OXA was verified by fluorescence microscopy and in vivo imaging system in gastric cancer cells (SGC-7901) and tumor-bearing athymic mice. The in vitro and in vivo antitumor efficacies of ES-SSL-OXA were investigated on SGC-7901 cells and athymic tumor-bearing mice. Pharmacokinetic, biodistribution, and acute toxicity tests of ES-SSL-OXA were performed on ICR mice. Results The ES-SSL-OXA exhibited an average particle size of about 153.37 nm with an encapsulation efficiency of 46.20% and low leakage rates at 4°C and 25°C. In vivo and in vitro targeting study confirmed that ES-SSL-OXA could effectively target the tumor site. The antitumor activity demonstrated the strongest inhibition in tumor growth of ES-SSL-OXA. Pharmacokinetics and acute toxicity study showed that ES-SSL-OXA could significantly improve the metabolic behavior and toxicity profile of oxaliplatin. Conclusion In this study, a novel estrogen-targeted long-acting liposomal formulation of OXA was successfully prepared. ES fragment effectively targeted the delivery system to tumor tissues which highly express estrogen receptor, providing a promising therapeutic method for gastric cancer in clinic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuxin Sun
- Department of Biopharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, ChangChun, People's Republic of China
| | - Yizhuo Xie
- Department of Biopharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, ChangChun, People's Republic of China
| | - Huan Tang
- Department of Biopharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, ChangChun, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhihui Ren
- Department of Biopharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, ChangChun, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue Luan
- Department of Biopharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, ChangChun, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Biopharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, ChangChun, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Zhu
- Department of Biopharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, ChangChun, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhe Lv
- Department of Biopharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, ChangChun, People's Republic of China
| | - Han Bao
- Department of Biopharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, ChangChun, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Biopharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, ChangChun, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Liu
- Department of Biopharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, ChangChun, People's Republic of China
| | - Yujia Shen
- Department of Biopharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, ChangChun, People's Republic of China
| | - Yucui Zheng
- Department of Biopharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, ChangChun, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Pei
- Department of Biopharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, ChangChun, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Zhang Y, Long Y, Yu S, Li D, Yang M, Guan Y, Zhang D, Wan J, Liu S, Shi A, Li N, Peng W. Natural volatile oils derived from herbal medicines: A promising therapy way for treating depressive disorder. Pharmacol Res 2020; 164:105376. [PMID: 33316383 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.105376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Depression is a common global mental disorder that seriously harms human physical and mental health. With the development of society, the increase of pressure and the role of various other factors make the incidence of depression increase year by year. However, there is a lack of drugs that have a fast onset, significant effects, and few side effects. Some volatile oils from traditional natural herbal medicines are usually used to relieve depression and calm emotions, such as Lavender essential oil and Acorus tatarinowii essential oil. It was reported that these volatile oils, are easy to enter the brain through the blood-brain barrier and have good antidepressant effects with little toxicity and side effects. In this review, we summarized the classification of depression, and listed the history of using volatile oils to fight depression in some countries. Importantly, we summarized the anti-depressant natural volatile oils and their monomers from herbal medicine, discussed the anti-depressive mechanisms of the volatile oils from natural medicine. The volatile oils of natural medicine and antidepressant drugs were compared and analyzed, and the application of volatile oils was explained from the clinical use and administration routes. This review would be helpful for the development of potential anti-depressant medicine and provide new alternative treatments for depressive disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yulu Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166, Liutai Avenue, Chengdu, 611137, PR China
| | - Yu Long
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166, Liutai Avenue, Chengdu, 611137, PR China
| | - Shuang Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166, Liutai Avenue, Chengdu, 611137, PR China
| | - Dan Li
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166, Liutai Avenue, Chengdu, 611137, PR China
| | - Ming Yang
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCM, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.1688 Meiling Avenue, Nanchang, 330004, China
| | - Yongmei Guan
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCM, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.1688 Meiling Avenue, Nanchang, 330004, China
| | - Dingkun Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166, Liutai Avenue, Chengdu, 611137, PR China
| | - Jinyan Wan
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166, Liutai Avenue, Chengdu, 611137, PR China
| | - Songyu Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166, Liutai Avenue, Chengdu, 611137, PR China
| | - Ai Shi
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166, Liutai Avenue, Chengdu, 611137, PR China
| | - Nan Li
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166, Liutai Avenue, Chengdu, 611137, PR China.
| | - Wei Peng
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166, Liutai Avenue, Chengdu, 611137, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Coronaviruses and Nature's Pharmacy for the Relief of Coronavirus Disease 2019. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 30:603-621. [PMID: 33041391 PMCID: PMC7537782 DOI: 10.1007/s43450-020-00104-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Current challenges to the treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 should open new prospects in the search for novel drugs from medicinal plants and other natural products. This paper provides details of natural agents that inhibit human coronavirus entry into cells, general replication, and specific chymotrypsin-like protease (3CLpro)-mediated replication. Medicinal plants, fungi, and marine organisms as remedies for human coronaviruses in China, Lebanon, Malaysia, Singapore, and South Africa are described. Common species include Alnus japonica (Thunb.) Steud., Artemisia annua L., Artemisia apiacea Hance, Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bunge, Cinnamomum cassia (L.) J.Presl, edible brown algae Ecklonia cava Kjellman, Euphorbia neriifolia L., Glycyrrhiza glabra L., Lonicera japonica Thunb., Pelargonium sidoides DC., Polygonum cuspidatum Siebold & Zucc., Sanguisorba officinalis L., Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, Toona sinensis (Juss.) M.Roem., and Torreya nucifera (L.) Siebold & Zucc. At least fifty natural compounds, including alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, anthraquinones, lignins, and tannins, which inhibit various strains of human coronaviruses, are presented. Given the scarcity of efficacious and safe vaccines or drugs for coronavirus disease 2019, natural products are low-hanging fruits that should be harnessed as the new global frontier against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2.
Collapse
|
8
|
Shahrajabian MH, Sun W, Cheng Q. Traditional Herbal Medicine for the Prevention and Treatment of Cold and Flu in the Autumn of 2020, Overlapped With COVID-19. Nat Prod Commun 2020. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x20951431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Many herbs and plants included in several traditional systems have promising bioactive compounds for modern drug therapy. The second round of COVID-19 cases will be accompanied by the spread of seasonal influenza in the fall. The combination of the influenza season and the second wave of COVID-19 may lead to more confusion and put more pressure on public health systems. A literature survey was accomplished using multiple databases including PubMed, Science Direct, ISI web of knowledge, and Google Scholar. The most important antiviral herbs for cold and flu are Thymus vulgaris, honeysuckle flowers, Andrographis, yarrow, peppermint leaf and oil, and Calendula. The most important expectorant herbs for flu and cold are tulsi, snake root, licorice root, clove, slippery elm root, marshmallow osha root, and sage leaf. Immunostimulant herbs for these 2 diseases are Echinacea root, Eucalyptus, garlic, ginseng, marshmallow, slippery elm, Isatisroot, Usnea lichen, myrrh resin, and ginger root. In this mini-review, we mention the key role of some of the most important herbal plants and prescriptions against influenza and cold on the basis of traditional Asian medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Wenli Sun
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Cheng
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei, China; Global Alliance of HeBAU-CLS&HeQiS for BioAl-Manufacturing, Baoding, Hebei, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Bouyahya A, Abrini J, Bakri Y, Dakka N. Les huiles essentielles comme agents anticancéreux : actualité sur le mode d’action. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.3166/s10298-016-1058-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Le cancer est une maladie complexe qui présente un réel problème de santé publique à travers le monde et cause statiquement sept millions de décès chaque année. Au cours des dernières décennies, la thérapie anticancéreuse a connu un réel bouleversement et un foisonnement de découvertes fondamentales. Plusieurs études accumulatives ont révélé l’activité antitumorale des substances naturelles isolées à partir de plantes. Les huiles essentielles (HE) et leurs constituants ont montré des activités anticancéreuses puissantes in vitro et in vivo. Cependant, les mécanismes d’action sont encore peu étudiés et moins connus. Par ailleurs, leur application dans l’industrie pharmaceutique nécessite une spécificité– sélectivité pharmacodynamique absolue. Dans le présent travail, nous présentons une synthèse des travaux réalisés sur les mécanismes d’actions anticancéreuses des HE et leurs composés bioactifs.
Collapse
|
10
|
Wang X, Xu F, Zhang H, Peng L, Zhen Y, Wang L, Xu Y, He D, Li X. Orthogonal test design for optimization of the extraction of essential oil from Asarum heterotropoides var. Mandshuricum and evaluation of its antibacterial activity against periodontal pathogens. 3 Biotech 2018; 8:473. [PMID: 30456007 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-018-1494-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The optimum extraction conditions of essential oil from Asarum heterotropoides var. Mandshuricum applied by an orthogonal L9(33) test were a water-to-raw material ratio of 17, a particle size of D 95 ≤ 3.8 mm and an extraction time of 2 h. In ingredient analysis, gas chromatography/mass spectrometry analysis identified the main components of essential oil as methyl eugenol (45.95%), safrole (17.48%) and 3,5-dimethoxytoluene (10.30%) orderly. In vitro, the minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration of essential oil were 0.01 and 0.02% against F. nucleatum, 0.04 and 0.08% against P. intermedia, and 0.005 and 0.005% against P. gingivalis. In vivo, administration of essential oil significantly suppressed alveolar bone resorption induced by F. nucleatum, with bone levels remaining comparable to non-infected mice. These results of antibacterial activity of essential oil in vitro and in vivo show the inhibition of periodontal pathogens and therapy of alveolar bone resorption in mice, suggesting that its essential oil could be a potential natural therapeutic agent for treatment of periodontitis in human beings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Wang
- 1Department of Environment and Safety Engineering, Taiyuan Institute of Technology, Taiyuan, 030008 People's Republic of China
| | - Fanxing Xu
- 2School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2 Linggong Road, Dalian, 116024 People's Republic of China
| | - Henghui Zhang
- 1Department of Environment and Safety Engineering, Taiyuan Institute of Technology, Taiyuan, 030008 People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Peng
- 2School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2 Linggong Road, Dalian, 116024 People's Republic of China
- Ministry of Education Center for Food Safety of Animal Origin, Dalian, 116620 People's Republic of China
| | - Yuhong Zhen
- 4Department of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044 China
| | - Lili Wang
- 2School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2 Linggong Road, Dalian, 116024 People's Republic of China
- Ministry of Education Center for Food Safety of Animal Origin, Dalian, 116620 People's Republic of China
| | - Yongping Xu
- 2School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2 Linggong Road, Dalian, 116024 People's Republic of China
- Ministry of Education Center for Food Safety of Animal Origin, Dalian, 116620 People's Republic of China
| | - Dongye He
- 5Department of Central Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, 89 Guhuai Road, Jining, 272029 People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyu Li
- 2School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2 Linggong Road, Dalian, 116024 People's Republic of China
- Ministry of Education Center for Food Safety of Animal Origin, Dalian, 116620 People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Toona sinensis: a comprehensive review on its traditional usages, phytochemisty, pharmacology and toxicology. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE FARMACOGNOSIA-BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOGNOSY 2018; 29:111-124. [PMID: 32287507 PMCID: PMC7103134 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjp.2018.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Toona sinensis (Juss.) M.Roem, Meliaceae, a deciduous plant native to eastern and southeastern Asia, is widely used in Traditional Chinese Medicine. This paper was aimed to summarize the current advances in traditional usage, phytochemistry, pharmacology and toxicology of T. sinensis. In this review, various types of data of T. sinensis are discussed in the corresponding parts of this paper, and perspectives for possible future studies of this plant are discussed. The main constituents of T. sinensis are terpenoids, phenylpropanoids and flavonoids, etc., and its pharmacological activities include anti-tumor effects, antioxidant activities, anti-diabetic effects and anti-inflammatory effects. Although a series of phytochemical and pharmacological researches of this plant have been conducted, the active constituents and action mechanism of these activities should be also further explored. Furthermore, the present review also indicates that T. sinensis has potentials to develop into drugs for treating various diseases with high efficacy and low toxicity, particularly in cancer, diabetes and inflammatory disorders. In conclusion, the paper provides a full-scale profile of the traditional usage, phytochemistry, pharmacology and toxicology of T. sinensis, and also provides potential therapeutic uses and drug development prospects of this plant.
Collapse
|
12
|
You HL, Huang CC, Chen CJ, Chang CC, Liao PL, Huang ST. Anti-pandemic influenza A (H1N1) virus potential of catechin and gallic acid. J Chin Med Assoc 2018; 81:458-468. [PMID: 29287704 PMCID: PMC7105043 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcma.2017.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Revised: 08/27/2017] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The pandemic influenza A (H1N1) virus has spread worldwide and infected a large proportion of the human population. Discovery of new and effective drugs for the treatment of influenza is a crucial issue for the global medical community. According to our previous study, TSL-1, a fraction of the aqueous extract from the tender leaf of Toonasinensis, has demonstrated antiviral activities against pandemic influenza A (H1N1) through the down-regulation of adhesion molecules and chemokine to prevent viral attachment. METHODS The aim of the present study was to identify the active compounds in TSL-1 which exert anti-influenza A (H1N1) virus effects. XTT assay was used to detect the cell viability. Meanwhile, the inhibitory effect on the pandemic influenza A (H1N1) virus was analyzed by observing plaque formation, qRT-PCR, neuraminidase activity, and immunofluorescence staining of influenza A-specific glycoprotein. RESULTS Both catechin and gallic acid were found to be potent inhibitors in terms of influenza virus mRNA replication and MDCK plaque formation. Additionally, both compounds inhibited neuraminidase activities and viral glycoprotein. The 50% effective inhibition concentration (EC50) of catechin and gallic acid for the influenza A (H1N1) virus were 18.4 μg/mL and 2.6 μg/mL, respectively; whereas the 50% cytotoxic concentrations (CC50) of catechin and gallic acid were >100 μg/mL and 22.1 μg/mL, respectively. Thus, the selectivity indexes (SI) of catechin and gallic acid were >5.6 and 22.1, respectively. CONCLUSION The present study demonstrates that catechin might be a safe reagent for long-term use to prevent influenza A (H1N1) virus infection; whereas gallic acid might be a sensitive reagent to inhibit influenza virus infection. We conclude that these two phyto-chemicals in TSL-1 are responsible for exerting anti-pandemic influenza A (H1N1) virus effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huey-Ling You
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences and Biotechnology, Fooyin University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chao-Chun Huang
- Division of General Surgery, Ministry of Health and Welfare Pingtung Hospital, Pingtung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chung-Jen Chen
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Cheng-Chin Chang
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Pei-Lin Liao
- Division of Pediatric Surgery and Mitochondrial Research Unit, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Sheng-Teng Huang
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC; School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Zhang Y, Guo Y, Wang M, Dong H, Zhang J, Zhang L. Quercetrin from Toona sinensis leaves induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis via enhancement of oxidative stress in human colorectal cancer SW620 cells. Oncol Rep 2017; 38:3319-3326. [PMID: 29039609 PMCID: PMC5783577 DOI: 10.3892/or.2017.6042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2017] [Accepted: 09/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Finding effective strategies against colorectal cancer (CRC) is still an emergent health problem. In the present study, we investigated the anticancer activity of quercetrin from Toona sinensis leaves (QTL) and explored the underlying mechanism in human CRC cell line SW620. The cells were treated with various concentrations of QTL and the cytotoxic effects of QTL were determined using the MTT assay. Apoptosis and cell cycle status were detected by flow cytometry. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and mitochondrial membrane potential (∆Ψm) were assessed using DCF-DA and JC-1 fluorescence spectrophotometry, respectively. Western blot analysis was used to quantify the expression of apoptosis-related proteins. RT-PCR was applied to determine the mRNA levels of glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and catalase (CAT). QTL exhibited growth inhibitory effects and caused cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase, which was accompanied by increased expression of p53 and p21 proteins. QTL promoted apoptosis which was consistent with the upregulated expression of Bax, cytochrome c, caspase-9, Apaf-1 and caspase-3. In addition, QTL induced the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and triggered ROS generation, as revealed by the downregulated mRNA expression and enzymatic activity of GPx and CAT. Furthermore, both N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) and GSH attenuated the QTL-induced growth inhibition observed in SW620 cells along with the increase of ROS levels. These findings revealed that QTL inhibited the growth of CRC cells and facilitated apoptosis by enhancing oxidative stress. QTL may therefore have potential for use in CRC chemotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yali Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, P.R. China
| | - Yucheng Guo
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, P.R. China
| | - Mimi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, P.R. China
| | - Huanhuan Dong
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, P.R. China
| | - Jingfang Zhang
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, P.R. China
| | - Liyu Zhang
- Shaanxi Institute of Pediatric Diseases, Xi'an Children's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Wu JG, Ma L, Lin SH, Wu YB, Yi J, Yang BJ, Wu JZ, Wong KH. Anticancer and anti-angiogenic activities of extract from Actinidia eriantha Benth root. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2017; 203:1-10. [PMID: 28323051 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2017.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2016] [Revised: 03/10/2017] [Accepted: 03/11/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The roots of Actinidia eriantha Benth (AER) are commonly used traditional folk medicine for the treatment of gastric carcinoma, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, and breast carcinoma. Besides, the anti-proliferative and immunomodulatory effects of AER polysaccharides on tumor-bearing mice have been reported previously. AIM OF THE STUDY This work was carried out to investigate the anticancer and anti-angiogenic activities of AER. MATERIALS AND METHODS The growth inhibitory effects of ethanol extracts from the leaves (EEL), stems (EES) and roots (EER) of A. eriantha on human gastric carcinoma SGC7901 cells, human nasopharyngeal carcinoma CNE2 cells, human breast carcinoma MCF7 cells and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were evaluated by MTT assay. The ethyl acetate fraction from EER (EA-EER) was further investigated for the anticancer activity against SGC7901 cells and the anti-angiogenic activity in HUVECs in vitro. The apoptosis in SGC7901 cells and HUVECs was confirmed by DAPI nuclear staining and flow cytometry analysis, the effect on cellular DNA fragmentation was detected in SGC7901 cells. And the cell cycle-arresting activity in HUVECs was determined by flow cytometry. Moreover, the inhibitory effect of EA-EER on cell migration in HUVECs was observed by both wound-healing and Transwell migration assays. RT-PCR and Western-blotting were performed to determine the mRNA and protein expression levels, respectively, including Bax, Bcl-2 and caspase-3 in SGC7901 cells, as well as VEGF-A and VEGFR-2 in HUVECs. Furthermore, the in vivo anti-angiogenic activity of EA-EER was evaluated by using chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay. Ultimately, the chemical components in EA-EER were isolated and purified by repeated column chromatography followed by structure characterization using 1H and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectroscopy. RESULTS Compared with EEL and EES, EER displayed the strongest growth inhibitory effect on SGC7901 cells, CNE2 cells and HUVECs. Among the EER fractions, EA-EER exhibited the most potent growth inhibitory activity against SGC7901 cells, CNE2 cells and HUVECs. Moreover, EA-EER induced obvious apoptosis in SGC7901 and HUVECs, and significantly inhibited the proliferation of HUVECs via blockade of cell cycle G1 to S progression. Furthermore, EA-EER suppressed the expression of Bcl-2 and improved the expression Bax and caspase-3 in SGC7901 cells. EA-EER not only inhibited migration of HUVECs, but also down-regulated the expression of VEGF-A and VEGFR-2 in HUVECs. In vivo, EA-EER exposure reduced the formation of blood vessels in chick embryos. A bio-guided isolation of EA-EER led to the isolation of three compounds for the first time, namely (6R, 7E, 9S)-6, 9-hydroxy-megastigman-4, 7-dien-3-one-9-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, Oleanolic acid-23-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, 3β, 23, 24-trihydroxyl-12-oleanen-28-oic acid. CONCLUSION The present research demonstrated that the significant anticancer and anti-angiogenic effects of AER, providing the supportive evidence for its traditional use in the treatment for cancer. It was suggested that AER could be use as a potential source of cancer therapeutic drug.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Guo Wu
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, NO.1 Qiuyang Road, Shangjie Town, Minhou County, Fuzhou 350108, PR China.
| | - Li Ma
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, NO.1 Qiuyang Road, Shangjie Town, Minhou County, Fuzhou 350108, PR China.
| | - Shui-Hua Lin
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, NO.1 Qiuyang Road, Shangjie Town, Minhou County, Fuzhou 350108, PR China.
| | - Yan-Bin Wu
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, NO.1 Qiuyang Road, Shangjie Town, Minhou County, Fuzhou 350108, PR China.
| | - Jun Yi
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, Fujian Institute of Education, Fuzhou 350001, PR China.
| | - Bin-Jun Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350108, PR China.
| | - Jin-Zhong Wu
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, NO.1 Qiuyang Road, Shangjie Town, Minhou County, Fuzhou 350108, PR China.
| | - Ka-Hing Wong
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
An efficient method for decoloration of polysaccharides from the sprouts of Toona sinensis (A. Juss.) Roem by anion exchange macroporous resins. Food Chem 2017; 217:461-468. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.08.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2015] [Revised: 03/09/2016] [Accepted: 08/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
16
|
Using the "target constituent removal combined with bioactivity assay" strategy to investigate the optimum arecoline content in charred areca nut. Sci Rep 2017; 7:40278. [PMID: 28054652 PMCID: PMC5215198 DOI: 10.1038/srep40278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Charred areca nut (CAN) is used to treat dyspepsia and abdominal distension in children. However, reports revealed that arecoline, the most important active constituent of CAN, possesses potential toxicities. This study was designed to investigate the optimum arecoline content in CAN, using the "target constituent removal combined with bioactivity assay" strategy. Based on PTLC method, we prepared CAN lacking all arecoline (WAC-100R) and a series of different ratios of arecoline-removed CAN samples (WAC-Rx). MTT and acute toxicity assays indicated that decreasing content by 50% decreased CAN toxicity significantly. Animal results revealed arecoline contents over 50% could guarantee the beneficial effects of CAN on gastrointestinal tract. Additionally, decreasing arecoline content in CAN by 50% decreased its pro-apoptotic effects significantly. Furthermore, decreasing 50% arecoline content in CAN down-regulated the expressions of Cleaved-Caspase-3, c-jun, c-fos, COX-2, PGE2, and IL-1α. Thus, our results revealed that CAN with 50% arecoline content (WAC-50R) has similar beneficial effects on the gastrointestinal tract to CAN, whereas its toxicity was decreased significantly. Collectively, our study suggested that the strategy of "target constituent removal combined with bioactivity assay" is a promising method to identify the optimum arecoline content in CAN, which is approximately 0.12%.
Collapse
|
17
|
Meng QQ, Peng XR, Lu SY, Wan LS, Wang X, Dong JR, Chu R, Zhou L, Li XN, Qiu MH. Lactam Triterpenoids from the Bark of Toona sinensis. NATURAL PRODUCTS AND BIOPROSPECTING 2016; 6:239-245. [PMID: 27757925 PMCID: PMC5080210 DOI: 10.1007/s13659-016-0108-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 09/22/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Three new limonoid-type triterpenoids, namely toonasins A-C (1-3) with a rare lactam E ring, along with six known compounds (4-9) were isolated from the barks of Toona sinensis. The structures of new compounds were elucidated by interpretation of spectroscopic data, and the relative configuration of compound 1 was further characterized by X-ray crystallographic analyses. The isolated compounds were evaluated for their cytotoxic activities against five human tumor cell lines (HL-60, SMMC-7721, A-549, MCF-7 and SW480), and compounds 3 and 5 showed weak cytotoxicities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qian-Qian Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, People's Republic of China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Xing-Rong Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, People's Republic of China
- Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, 650500, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuang-Yang Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, People's Republic of China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Luo-Sheng Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, People's Republic of China
- Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, 650500, People's Republic of China
| | - Xia Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, People's Republic of China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin-Run Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, People's Republic of China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, People's Republic of China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, People's Republic of China
- Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, 650500, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Nian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, People's Republic of China
- Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, 650500, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming-Hua Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, People's Republic of China.
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China.
- Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, 650500, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Chen T, Chen H, Wang Y, Zhang J. In vitro and in vivo antitumour activities of puerarin 6″-O-xyloside on human lung carcinoma A549 cell line via the induction of the mitochondria-mediated apoptosis pathway. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2016; 54:1793-1799. [PMID: 26730946 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2015.1127980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2015] [Revised: 09/06/2015] [Accepted: 12/01/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Context Pueraria lobata (Leguminoseae) shows cytotoxic effects against cancer cells; however, its active components remain unclear. Objective This study investigated the antitumour activity of puerarin 6″-O-xyloside (POS) on the human lung carcinoma A549 cell line. Materials and methods The 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay was used to determine the cytotoxicity of POS (at 10, 20 and 40 μM) in vitro, and xenograft nude mice were established to evaluate the antitumour effect of POS (at 40 mg/kg/d) in vivo by 15 days intraperitoneal injection (ip). To explore its mechanism of action, flow cytometry was performed to determine the pro-apoptotic effect of POS (at 10, 20 and 40 μM). Subsequently, the expression of caspase-3, caspase-7, caspase-9, Bcl-2 and Bax in A549 cells were determined. Results POS showed significant cytotoxicity toward A549 cells (p < 0.05) by inducing apoptosis. Treatment with POS significantly upregulated the levels of caspase-3 (p < 0.01), caspase-7 (p < 0.01), caspase-9 (p < 0.01) and Bax (p < 0.01) in A549 cells, and Bcl-2 was downregulated (p < 0.01). Additionally, the in vivo animal study showed that POS significantly inhibited tumour growth in A549 cells (p < 0.01). Conclusion Our study demonstrated the POS has significant antitumour activities. The mechanisms are related to increased levels of caspase-3, caspase-7, caspase-9 and Bax, and reduced levels Bcl-2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ti Chen
- a Department of Oncology , Changshu No. 1 People's Hospital , Changshu , PR China
| | - Hui Chen
- a Department of Oncology , Changshu No. 1 People's Hospital , Changshu , PR China
| | - Ying Wang
- a Department of Oncology , Changshu No. 1 People's Hospital , Changshu , PR China
| | - Jian Zhang
- a Department of Oncology , Changshu No. 1 People's Hospital , Changshu , PR China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Sun X, Zhang L, Cao Y, Gu Q, Yang H, Tam JP. Quantitative Analysis and Comparison of Four Major Flavonol Glycosides in the Leaves of Toona sinensis (A. Juss.) Roemer (Chinese Toon) from Various Origins by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Diode Array Detector and Hierarchical Clustering Analysis. Pharmacogn Mag 2016; 12:S270-6. [PMID: 27279719 PMCID: PMC4883091 DOI: 10.4103/0973-1296.182160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2015] [Revised: 07/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Toona sinensis (A. Juss.) Roemer is an endemic species of Toona genus native to Asian area. Its dried leaves are applied in the treatment of many diseases; however, few investigations have been reported for the quantitative analysis and comparison of major bioactive flavonol glycosides in the leaves harvested from various origins. Objective: To quantitatively analyze four major flavonol glycosides including rutinoside, quercetin-3-O-β-D-glucoside, quercetin-3-O-α-L-rhamnoside, and kaempferol-3-O-α-L-rhamnoside in the leaves from different production sites and classify them according to the content of these glycosides. Materials and Methods: A high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector (HPLC-DAD) method for their simultaneous determination was developed and validated for linearity, precision, accuracy, stability, and repeatability. Moreover, the method established was then employed to explore the difference in the content of these four glycosides in raw materials. Finally, a hierarchical clustering analysis was performed to classify 11 voucher specimens. Results: The separation was performed on a Waters XBridge Shield RP18 column (150 mm × 4.6 mm, 3.5 μm) kept at 35°C, and acetonitrile and H2O containing 0.30% trifluoroacetic acid as mobile phase was driven at 1.0 mL/min during the analysis. Ten microliters of solution were injected and 254 nm was selected to monitor the separation. A strong linear relationship between the peak area and concentration of four analytes was observed. And, the method was also validated to be repeatable, stable, precise, and accurate. Conclusion: An efficient and reliable HPLC-DAD method was established and applied in the assays for the samples from 11 origins successfully. Moreover, the content of those flavonol glycosides varied much among different batches, and the flavonoids could be considered as biomarkers to control the quality of Chinese Toon. SUMMARY Four major flavonol glycosides in the leaves of Toona sinensis were determined by HPLC-DAD and their contents were compared among various origins by HCA.
Abbreviations used: HPLC-DAD: High-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector, HCA: Hierarchical clustering analysis, MS: Mass spectrometry, RSD: Relative standard deviation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiang Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhenjiang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhenjiang, China; Department of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Liting Zhang
- Department of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yaqi Cao
- Department of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Qinying Gu
- Department of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Huan Yang
- Department of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China; Division of Structural Biology and Biochemistry, School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - James P Tam
- Division of Structural Biology and Biochemistry, School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Dou JL, Jiang YW, Xie JQ, Zhang XG. New Is Old, and Old Is New: Recent Advances in Antibiotic-Based, Antibiotic-Free and Ethnomedical Treatments against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Wound Infections. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:E617. [PMID: 27120596 PMCID: PMC4881443 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17050617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2015] [Revised: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 04/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus is the most common pathogen of wound infections. Thus far, methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) has become the major causative agent in wound infections, especially for nosocomial infections. MRSA infections are seldom eradicated by routine antimicrobial therapies. More concerning, some strains have become resistant to the newest antibiotics of last resort. Furthermore, horizontal transfer of a polymyxin resistance gene, mcr-1, has been identified in Enterobacteriaceae, by which resistance to the last group of antibiotics will likely spread rapidly. The worst-case scenario, "a return to the pre-antibiotic era", is likely in sight. A perpetual goal for antibiotic research is the discovery of an antibiotic that lacks resistance potential, such as the recent discovery of teixobactin. However, when considering the issue from an ecological and evolutionary standpoint, it is evident that it is insufficient to solve the antibiotic dilemma through the use of antibiotics themselves. In this review, we summarized recent advances in antibiotic-based, antibiotic-free and ethnomedical treatments against MRSA wound infections to identify new clues to solve the antibiotic dilemma. One potential solution is to use ethnomedical drugs topically. Some ethnomedical drugs have been demonstrated to be effective antimicrobials against MRSA. A decline in antibiotic resistance can therefore be expected, as has been demonstrated when antibiotic-free treatments were used to limit the use of antibiotics. It is also anticipated that these drugs will have low resistance potential, although there is only minimal evidence to support this claim to date. More clinical trials and animal tests should be conducted on this topic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Lin Dou
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
| | - Yi-Wei Jiang
- Spinal Surgery Department, Affiliated Hospital of Gansu University of Chinese Medicines, Lanzhou 730020, China.
| | - Jun-Qiu Xie
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
| | - Xiao-Gang Zhang
- Spinal Surgery Department, Affiliated Hospital of Gansu University of Chinese Medicines, Lanzhou 730020, China.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Chen P, Wang B, Pan B, Guo W. Resveratrol-4‑O-D‑(2'-galloyl)-glucopyranoside exerts an anticancer effect on leukemia cells via inducing apoptosis. Mol Med Rep 2016; 13:2281-6. [PMID: 26781500 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.4777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2015] [Accepted: 12/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the anticancer effects of resveratrol‑4‑O‑D-(2'‑galloyl)-glucopyranoside (REG) on leukemia and the mechanism underlying its effects. Three leukemia cell lines (HL‑60, Jurkat and U937) were used in this study. A Cell Counting kit‑8 assay was performed to evaluate the anti‑proliferative activity of REG on leukemia cell lines, and flow cytometric analysis was used to detect REG‑induced apoptosis. In addition, western blot analysis was conducted to detect the levels of apoptosis‑related proteins including, cytochrome c, cleaved (c)‑caspases‑3 and ‑9, B‑cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl‑2) and Bcl‑2‑associated protein x (Bax). Finally, a HL‑60 cell xenograft model in nude mice was used to evaluate the antitumor effect of REG on leukemia in vivo. The present results indicated that REG can significantly inhibit the proliferation of HL‑60, Jurkat and U937 cell lines in a concentration‑ and time‑dependent manner. The half maximal inhibitory concentration values were 38.4, 49.1 and 48.2 µg/ml for HL‑60, Jurkat and U937 cells, respectively. Furthermore, flow cytometric analysis demonstrated that REG can induce the apoptosis of HL‑60 cells, as well as increase the levels of cytochrome c, c‑caspases‑3 and ‑9, and Bax, as well as downregulate the expression of Bcl‑2. In vivo, REG was found to possess a marked anticancer effect on leukemia. In combination, the present results indicated that REG exerts significant anticancer effects on leukemia in vivo and in vitro through the induction of apoptosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pu Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Beili Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Baishen Pan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Wei Guo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Ahmed J, Hiremath N, Jacob H. Antimicrobial, Rheological, and Thermal Properties of Plasticized Polylactide Films Incorporated with Essential Oils to InhibitStaphylococcus aureusandCampylobacter jejuni. J Food Sci 2016; 81:E419-29. [DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.13193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2015] [Accepted: 11/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jasim Ahmed
- Food and Nutrition Program, Environment & Life Sciences Research Center; Kuwait Inst. for Scientific Research; P.O. Box 24885 Safat 13109 Kuwait
| | - Nikhil Hiremath
- Food and Nutrition Program, Environment & Life Sciences Research Center; Kuwait Inst. for Scientific Research; P.O. Box 24885 Safat 13109 Kuwait
| | - Harsha Jacob
- Food and Nutrition Program, Environment & Life Sciences Research Center; Kuwait Inst. for Scientific Research; P.O. Box 24885 Safat 13109 Kuwait
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Hu J, Song Y, Mao X, Wang ZJ, Zhao QJ. Limonoids isolated from Toona sinensis and their radical scavenging, anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic activities. J Funct Foods 2015; 20:1-9. [PMID: 32288789 PMCID: PMC7104945 DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2015.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2015] [Revised: 10/01/2015] [Accepted: 10/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Ten new limonoids were obtained from Toona sinensis (A. Juss.) Roem. Limonoid 4 display potent ABTS⋅+ scavenging activity. Limonoids 5 and 7–10 possessed the high ABTS⋅+ and DPPH scavenging activities. Limonoids 1–4 and 11 showed the elective inhibition of Cox-1. Limonoids 1–4 and 11 exhibited the significant cytotoxicities.
A phytochemical investigation of the ethanol extract of Toona sinensis (A. Juss.) Roem resulted in the isolation of ten new limonoids, toonasinenines A–J (1–10), together with two known compounds, toonafolin (11) and toonacilianin D (12). Their structures were determined by spectroscopic analyses. The isolated components were evaluated in vitro for radical scavenging potential using ABTS⋅+ and DPPH test, anti-inflammatory activities for Cox-1 and Cox-2, and cytotoxicies against nine tumour cell lines (A549, BGC-823, CHG-5, HCT15, HeLa, HepG2, MDA-MB-231, SHG-44 and SGC-7901 cells). As a result, 4, 5 and 7–10 showed potent radical scavenging activities, while limonoids 1–4 and 11 exhibited significant anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic potential.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Hu
- College of Biological Resources and Environment Science, Qujing Normal University, Qujing 655011, China
| | - Yan Song
- Department of Pharmacy, 455 Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Shanghai 200052, China
| | - Xia Mao
- College of Biological Resources and Environment Science, Qujing Normal University, Qujing 655011, China
| | - Zhen-Ji Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, Chuxiong Normal University, Chuxiong 675000, China
| | - Qin-Jie Zhao
- Department of Organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
PENG TAO, HU MIN, WU TINGTING, CHEN ZHE, ZHANG CEN, HUANG SHOU, ZHOU XUHONG. Effects of high-mobility group box 1 knockdown on proliferation, migration and invasion of the HONE-1 human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell line. Mol Med Rep 2015; 12:7531-7. [DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.4402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2014] [Accepted: 08/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
|
25
|
Peng W, Wu JG, Jiang YB, Liu YJ, Sun T, Wu N, Wu CJ. Antitumor activity of 4-O-(2″-O-acetyl-6″-O-p-coumaroyl-β-d-glucopyranosyl)-p-coumaric acid against lung cancers via mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis. Chem Biol Interact 2015; 233:8-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2015.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2015] [Revised: 03/17/2015] [Accepted: 03/18/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
|
26
|
Liu H, Song Z, Liao DG, Zhang TY, Liu F, Zhuang K, Luo K, Yang L, He J, Lei JP. Anticonvulsant and Sedative Effects of Eudesmin isolated from Acorus tatarinowii
on mice and rats. Phytother Res 2015; 29:996-1003. [PMID: 25851178 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2014] [Revised: 12/24/2014] [Accepted: 03/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery; The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University; Changsha Hunan 410013 China
| | - Zhi Song
- Department of Neurology; The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University; Changsha Hunan 410013 China
| | - Da-Guang Liao
- Department of Neurosurgery; The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University; Changsha Hunan 410013 China
| | - Tian-Yi Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery; The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University; Changsha Hunan 410013 China
| | - Feng Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery; The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University; Changsha Hunan 410013 China
| | - Kai Zhuang
- Department of Neurosurgery; The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University; Changsha Hunan 410013 China
| | - Kui Luo
- Department of Neurosurgery; The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University; Changsha Hunan 410013 China
| | - Liang Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery; The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University; Changsha Hunan 410013 China
| | - Jing He
- Department of Pharmacy; The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University; Changsha Hunan 410013 China
| | - Jian-Ping Lei
- Department of Pharmacy; The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University; Changsha Hunan 410013 China
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Anti-proliferative effects of Siegesbeckia orientalis ethanol extract on human endometrial RL-95 cancer cells. Molecules 2014; 19:19980-94. [PMID: 25470271 PMCID: PMC6271391 DOI: 10.3390/molecules191219980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2014] [Revised: 11/18/2014] [Accepted: 11/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Endometrial cancer is a common malignancy of the female genital tract. This study demonstrates that Siegesbeckia orientalis ethanol extract (SOE) significantly inhibited the proliferation of RL95-2 human endometrial cancer cells. Treating RL95-2 cells with SOE caused cell arrest in the G2/M phase and induced apoptosis of RL95-2 cells by up-regulating Bad, Bak and Bax protein expression and down-regulation of Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL protein expression. Treatment with SOE increased protein expression of caspase-3, -8 and -9 dose-dependently, indicating that apoptosis was through the intrinsic and extrinsic apoptotic pathways. Moreover, SOE was also effective against A549 (lung cancer), Hep G2 (hepatoma), FaDu (pharynx squamous cancer), MDA-MB-231 (breast cancer), and especially on LNCaP (prostate cancer) cell lines. In total, 10 constituents of SOE were identified by Gas chromatography-mass analysis. Caryophyllene oxide and caryophyllene are largely responsible for most cytotoxic activity of SOE against RL95-2 cells. Overall, this study suggests that SOE is a promising anticancer agent for treating endometrial cancer.
Collapse
|
28
|
Aras A, Iqbal MJ, Naqvi SKUH, Gercek YC, Boztas K, Gasparri ML, Shatynska-Mytsyk I, Fayyaz S, Farooqi AA. Anticancer Activity of Essential Oils: Targeting of Protein Networks in Cancer Cells. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2014; 15:8047-50. [DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2014.15.19.8047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
|
29
|
Qin Y, Ye GX, Wu CJ, Wang S, Pan DB, Jiang JY, Fu J, Xu SQ. Effect of DAPK1 gene on proliferation, migration, and invasion of carcinoma of pancreas BxPC-3 cell line. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2014; 7:7536-7544. [PMID: 25550789 PMCID: PMC4270545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2014] [Accepted: 10/31/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
DAPK1 can induce apoptosis in several cells; to determine the effect of DAPK1 would provide a new potential therapeutic strategy for treating pancreatic cancer. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of DAPK1 gene on proliferation, migration, and invasion of carcinoma of pancreas BxPC-3 cell line and explore the possible mechanisms. In our study, DAPK1 over-expressed cells were established by using the lentiviral transfection method, and DAPK1 obviously increased in BxPC-3 cells after transient transfection. Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay was used to determine the BxPC-3 cells proliferation after transfection. Apoptosis of the BxPC-3 cells was determined by using flow cytometry analysis. In addition, cell adhesion assay and in vitro invasion assay were performed. Western blotting was used to determine the protein expressions of caspase-3, DAPK1, VEGF, PEDF, MMP2, AKT, P-AKT, P-ERK, Bcl2, and Bax. Our results demonstrated that DAPK1 gene over-expression can suppress the proliferation, migration, and invasion of carcinoma of pancreas BxPC-3 cell line, and the possible mechanisms may be correlated to induction of mitochondria-mediated apoptosis, down-regulations of MMP-2 and VEGF, up-regulations of PEDF, through the PI3K/Akt and ERK pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Qin
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, People Hospital of Lishui Lishui 323000, China
| | - Guan-Xiong Ye
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, People Hospital of Lishui Lishui 323000, China
| | - Cheng-Jun Wu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, People Hospital of Lishui Lishui 323000, China
| | - Shi Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, People Hospital of Lishui Lishui 323000, China
| | - De-Biao Pan
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, People Hospital of Lishui Lishui 323000, China
| | - Jin-Yan Jiang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, People Hospital of Lishui Lishui 323000, China
| | - Jing Fu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, People Hospital of Lishui Lishui 323000, China
| | - Sheng-Qian Xu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, People Hospital of Lishui Lishui 323000, China
| |
Collapse
|