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Strashok O, Ziemiańska M, Czaplicka M, Strashok V. Pre-treatment of Cucurbita maxima 'Hokkaido orange' by Viscum album aqueous extracts in search of allelopathic potential. Sci Rep 2024; 14:14927. [PMID: 38942921 PMCID: PMC11213859 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-65918-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Viscum album L. (VA) is a unique plant with regard to its biological content. It is rich in many different metabolites with high potential in various spheres of human activity. We conducted a pilot study with 5 VA aqueous extracts of different host-tree species for pre-sowing treatment of Cucurbita maxima 'Hokkaido orange' seeds. We set the following objectives consisting of hypotheses (1) H01 is based on different effects of tested VA extracts depending on host trees and time of pre-treatment; (2) H02 focuses on the allopathic properties of the tested extracts affecting the plant growth and development by dose-response relationship; (3) A01 considers highly biologically active compounds of VA extracts also containing allelochemicals that can be used to regulate plant growth processes and create eco-friendly and resilient cities. The analysis of the stimulatory allelopathy index for 7 parameters demonstrates the direct effect of VA extracts in 62.3% of cases. The variability of the broad spectrum of effects of VA extracts of different host trees on the ontogenesis of C. maxima plants shows the presence of potential allelochemicals, resulting from the vital products of the host-parasite relationship. These effects are not fully explained by total polyphenol content and antioxidant activity as in previous studies of other mistletoe species. The authors consider this work a pilot study that expands the areas of application of VA extracts and knowledge about potential sources of allelochemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleksandra Strashok
- Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland.
- National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine.
| | - Monika Ziemiańska
- Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Marta Czaplicka
- Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Vitalii Strashok
- National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
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Guglielmetti G, Baumgartner S, Scherr C, Martin D, Tournier AL. Chronobiology of Viscum album L.: a time series of daily metabolomic fingerprints spanning 27 years. Front Physiol 2024; 15:1396212. [PMID: 38860114 PMCID: PMC11163206 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1396212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: European mistletoe (Viscum album L.) has been gaining increasing interest in the field of oncology as a clinically relevant adjunctive treatment in many forms of cancer. In the field of phytopharmacology, harvesting time is pivotal. In the last century, a form of metabolomic fingerprinting based on pattern formation was proposed as a way to determine optimal harvesting times to ensure high quality of mistletoe as raw material for pharmaceutical use. In order to further evaluate the information obtained with this metabolomic fingerprinting method, we analysed a large time series of previously undigitised daily mistletoe chromatograms dating back to the 1950s. Methods: These chromatograms were scanned and evaluated using computerized image analysis, resulting in 12 descriptors for each individual chromatogram. We performed a statistical analysis of the data obtained, investigating statistical distributions, cross-correlations and time self-correlations. Results: The analysed dataset spanning about 27 years, contains 19,037 evaluable chromatograms in daily resolution. Based on the distribution and cross-correlation analyses, the 12 descriptors could be clustered into six independent groups describing different aspects of the chromatograms. One descriptor was found to mirror the annual rhythm being well correlated with temperature and a phase shift of 10 days. The time self-correlation analysis showed that most other descriptors had a characteristic self-correlation of ∼50 days, which points to further infradian rhythms (i.e., more than 24 h). Discussion: To our knowledge, this dataset is the largest of its type. The combination of this form of metabolomic fingerprinting with the proposed computer analysis seems to be a promising tool to characterise biological variations of mistletoe. Additional research is underway to further analyse the different rhythms present in this dataset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Greta Guglielmetti
- Institute for Integrative Medicine, University of Witten/Herdecke, Herdecke, Germany
- Hiscia Research Institute, Society for Cancer Research, Arlesheim, Switzerland
| | - Stephan Baumgartner
- Institute for Integrative Medicine, University of Witten/Herdecke, Herdecke, Germany
- Hiscia Research Institute, Society for Cancer Research, Arlesheim, Switzerland
- Institute of Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Claudia Scherr
- Hiscia Research Institute, Society for Cancer Research, Arlesheim, Switzerland
| | - David Martin
- Institute for Integrative Medicine, University of Witten/Herdecke, Herdecke, Germany
| | - Alexander L. Tournier
- Institute for Integrative Medicine, University of Witten/Herdecke, Herdecke, Germany
- Institute of Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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Olas B. The cardioprotective potential of selected species of mistletoe. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1395658. [PMID: 38666019 PMCID: PMC11043484 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1395658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Mistletoe is an evergreen woody shrub with stems measuring 30-100 cm. It has leathery, yellowish-green strap-shaped leaves, yellowish-green flowers, and bears typical berries. The most common species is Viscum album L., mainly present in Europe and Asia. It is commonly known as European mistletoe or simply, mistletoe. Scientific interest in mistletoe was awakened in the XX century. Mistletoe, especially V. album L., has historically been used in the treatment and prophylaxis of CVD, with its properties being confirmed in recent studies. This mini-review describes new aspects of the cardioprotective properties of various species of mistletoe, especially V. album L. The effect of oral and subcutaneous application of fresh V. album L. extracts on blood pressure has been studied in various models; while the data suggests that mistletoe may be a promising herbal extract with cardioprotective properties, the species has only been tested in vitro and in vivo, on animals. In addition, it is unclear whether the cardioprotective activity of mistletoe may be due to particular chemical components, as the chemical composition of mistletoe extracts can vary depending on inter alia the time of harvest, extraction method and plant part. Hence, this activity may instead result from synergistic interactions between various secondary metabolites. Therefore, further studies are needed to identify the mechanisms of action of mistletoe compounds on CVDs, and determine their interactions with other cardioprotective drugs, their metabolic mechanisms, pharamacokinetics and adverse effects. More research is also needed to determine the therapeutic doses of active ingredients for use in clinical trials; this would require an accurate understanding of the chemical composition of extracts from different species of mistletoe (not only V. album L.) and from various host trees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beata Olas
- University of Lodz, Department of General Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, Łódź, Poland
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Soursouri A, Hosseini SM, Fattahi F. Seasonal variations of triterpene acid contents in Viscum album L. on typical host trees of Hyrcanian forests. Sci Rep 2023; 13:11587. [PMID: 37463985 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-38649-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Viscum album L. (mistletoe) is a semiparasitic plant of the Santalaceae family. A valuable group of bioactive compounds in mistletoe are triterpene acids (TTAs), which possess anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties. Parrotia persica and Carpinus betulus are the most common hosts of mistletoe in the Hyrcanian forests of Iran. This study was performed to compare the content of oleanolic acid (OA), betulinic acid (BA), and ursolic acid (UA) in the mistletoe foliage (stems and leaves) from P. persica and C. betulus in various seasons for the first time. The results showed that OA was the prevailing TTA in all samples, while UA was found in none of them. The maximum amount of OA (12.38 mg/g dry weight [DW]) and BA (1.68 mg/g DW) was detected in V. album from P. persica in summer. The minimum amount of OA (5.58 mg/g DW) and BA (0.72 mg/g DW) was observed in that growing on C. betulus in winter. However, the mistletoe from C. betulus showed the greatest level of OA in spring (9.06 mg/g DW) and BA in summer and autumn (0.92 and 0.97 mg/g DW, respectively). The data collected in this study complement existing research on this subject from around the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arina Soursouri
- Department of Forest Sciences and Engineering, Faculty of Natural Resources and Marine Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Noor, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohsen Hosseini
- Department of Forest Sciences and Engineering, Faculty of Natural Resources and Marine Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Noor, Iran
| | - Farnoosh Fattahi
- Faculty of Natural Resources and Marine Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Noor, Iran.
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Melo MNDO, Batista JVDC, Peñaloza EMC, Oliveira AP, Garrett R, Baumgartner S, Holandino C. A Scoping Review of Genus Viscum: Biological and Chemical Aspects of Alcoholic Extracts. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:plants12091811. [PMID: 37176869 PMCID: PMC10181296 DOI: 10.3390/plants12091811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The genus Viscum comprises a large number of semi-parasitic shrubs popularly known as Mistletoe. The Viscum species grow in many countries of Europe, Africa and Asia with different popular uses in ornamentation, foods and medicine. Many studies about Viscum have been done over the last years focusing on biological activities and chemical composition of the aqueous extracts, mainly related to anthroposophical medicines. However, it is known that non-aqueous preparations, as alcoholic extracts, have demonstrated different biological activities that are species-and host tree-dependent. Considering the potential of these alcoholic extracts, a scoping review was conducted using data from three online databases: PubMed, Scopus and Embase. Inclusion criteria consisted of the in vitro, in vivo, ex vivo, clinical and chemical studies of alcoholic extracts from Viscum species. The present review summarized 124 original publications about fourteen Viscum species. Viscum album, Viscum articulatum and Viscum coloratum were the main studied species. Alcoholic extracts demonstrated hypotensive, anticancer, antimicrobial, analgesic and anti-inflammatory capabilities, among other biological activities. Flavonoids, phenolic acids and terpenoids represented 48%, 24% and 11% of the total identified compounds, respectively. This review contributes to the knowledge of alcoholic preparations of the Viscum species and points out the lack of clinical studies concerning these different extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Nonato de Oliveira Melo
- Multidisciplinary Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
- Metabolomics Laboratory, Chemistry Institute, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-598, Brazil
| | - João Vitor da Costa Batista
- Society for Cancer Research, Hiscia Institute, Kirschweg 9, 4144 Arlesheim, Switzerland
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Evelyn Maribel Condori Peñaloza
- Multidisciplinary Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
- Metabolomics Laboratory, Chemistry Institute, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-598, Brazil
| | - Adriana Passos Oliveira
- Multidisciplinary Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Rafael Garrett
- Metabolomics Laboratory, Chemistry Institute, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-598, Brazil
| | - Stephan Baumgartner
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
- Institute of Integrative Medicine, University of Witten/Herdecke, Gerhard-Kienle-Weg 4, 58313 Herdecke, Germany
- Institute of Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 46, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Carla Holandino
- Multidisciplinary Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
- Society for Cancer Research, Hiscia Institute, Kirschweg 9, 4144 Arlesheim, Switzerland
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Su GZ, Wang SY, Yang XY, Stevanović ZD, Li N, Tanić N, Arsenijević N, Yu SS, Li Y. Dihydroflavonoid glycosides from Viscum album and their inhibitory effects on hepatic lipid accumulation and target identification. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2022; 204:113458. [PMID: 36181860 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2022.113458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Revised: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Five undescribed dihydroflavonoid glycoside derivatives, namely albvisosides A‒E, together with two known compounds were isolated from the roots and stem leaves of Viscum album L. var. album. (European mistletoe). Their structures were determined by HRESIMS, 1D and 2D NMR, and ECD analysis. Albvisoside B exhibits significant inhibitory effect on hepatic lipid accumulation in HepG2 cells at very low concentrations (EC50: 0.7 nM). Using proteome integral solubility alteration assay, the direct targets or downstream effectors of albvisoside B were elucidated. As a result, 97 proteins were identified based on ligand-induced alterations in the protein thermal stability. Bioinformatics analysis indicated that albvisoside B primarily ameliorated oleic acid-induced lipid accumulation by regulating the selenoamino acids metabolism signaling pathway. RPL3, ADAM17, and RPL14 were likely to be involved in mediating the lipid-lowering effect of albvisoside B.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Zhu Su
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Shang-Yi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Xiu-Ying Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | | | - Na Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Nikola Tanić
- Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, 11060, Serbia
| | - Nebojsa Arsenijević
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, 34000, Serbia
| | - Shi-Shan Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Yong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China.
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7
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Skrypnik L, Feduraev P, Golovin A, Maslennikov P, Belov N, Matveev M, Pungin A. Biotechnological Potential of Different Organs of Mistletoe ( Viscum album L.) Collected from Various Host Tree Species in an Urban Area. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:plants11202686. [PMID: 36297709 PMCID: PMC9607262 DOI: 10.3390/plants11202686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
From an economic and ecological standpoint, it is crucial to investigate the biologically active compounds of mistletoe plants, which are currently discarded by pruning urban mistletoe-infested trees. In the present study, the content of phenolic compounds, triterpenic and organic acids, as well as the antioxidant activity of the extracts of various mistletoe organs (leaves, stems, and fruits) collected from the most infested tree species were investigated. The mistletoe samples collected from Betula pendula, Acer platanoides, Crataegus monogyna, and Sorbus aucuparia showed the highest content of phenolic acids and flavonoids as well as antioxidant activity, as measured by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS), and ferric reducing/antioxidant power (FRAP) assays. The leaves and stems of mistletoe from Tilia cordata were characterized by a high content of triterpenic acids (oleanolic, ursolic, and betulinic). The leaves and fruits of mistletoe plants from Populus nigra and Salix alba contained a high concentration of organic acids, particularly succinic and citric acids. Compared to stem and leaf extracts, the antioxidant activity of the mistletoe fruit extracts was 1.5-3 times higher. The obtained results indicate that mistletoe is a valuable raw material and can be used as a source of phenolic compounds and triterpenic and organic acids, as well as for producing extracts with antioxidant properties.
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Enayati A, Salehi A, Alilou M, Stuppner H, Polshekan M, Rajaei M, Pourabouk M, Jabbari A, Mazaheri Z, Yassa N, Moheimani HR, Khori V. Potentilla reptans L. postconditioning protects reperfusion injury via the RISK/SAFE pathways in an isolated rat heart. BMC Complement Med Ther 2021; 21:288. [PMID: 34823510 PMCID: PMC8620719 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-021-03456-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Our previous study indicated that Potentilla reptans root has a preconditioning effect by its antioxidant and anti-apoptotic effects in an isolated rat heart ischemia/reperfusion (IR) model. In the present study, we investigated the post-conditioning cardio-protective effects of Potentilla reptans and its active substances. Methods The ethyl acetate fraction of P. reptans root (Et) was subjected to an IR model under 30 min of ischemia and 100 min of reperfusion. To investigate the postconditioning effect, Et was perfused for 15 min at the early phase of reperfusion. RISK/SAFE pathway inhibitors, 5HD and L-NAME, were applied individually 10 min before the ischemia, either alone or in combination with Et during the early reperfusion phase. The hemodynamic factors and ventricular arrhythmia were calculated during the reperfusion. Oxidative stress, apoptosis markers, GSK-3β and SGK1 proteins were assessed at the end of experiments. Results Et postconditioning (Etpost) significantly reduced the infarct size, arrhythmia score, ventricular fibrillation incidence, and enhanced the hemodynamic parameters by decreasing the MDA level and increasing expression of Nrf2, SOD and CAT activities. Meanwhile, Etpost increased the BCl-2/BAX ratio and decreased Caspase-3 expression. The cardioprotective effect of Etpost was abrogated by L-NAME, Wortmannin (a PI3K/Akt inhibitor), and AG490 (a JAK/STAT3 inhibitor). Finally, Etpost reduced the expression of GSK-3β and SGK1 proteins pertaining to the IR group. Conclusion P. reptans reveals the post-conditioning effects via the Nrf2 pathway, NO release, and the RISK/SAFE pathway. Also, Etpost decreased apoptotic indexes by inhibiting GSK-3β and SGK1 expressions. Hence, our data suggest that Etpost can be a suitable natural candidate to protect cardiomyocytes during reperfusion injury. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12906-021-03456-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayesheh Enayati
- Ischemic Disorders Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, P.O.BOX. 4934174515, Gorgan, Iran.
| | - Aref Salehi
- Ischemic Disorders Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, P.O.BOX. 4934174515, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Mostafa Alilou
- Institute of Pharmacy/Pharmacognosy, Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80/82, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Hermann Stuppner
- Institute of Pharmacy/Pharmacognosy, Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80/82, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Mirali Polshekan
- Ischemic Disorders Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, P.O.BOX. 4934174515, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Maryam Rajaei
- Ischemic Disorders Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, P.O.BOX. 4934174515, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Mona Pourabouk
- Ischemic Disorders Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, P.O.BOX. 4934174515, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Ali Jabbari
- Ischemic Disorders Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, P.O.BOX. 4934174515, Gorgan, Iran.,Research Clinical Development unit (CRDU) 5 Azar Hospital, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Zohreh Mazaheri
- Ischemic Disorders Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, P.O.BOX. 4934174515, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Narguess Yassa
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Medicinal Plants Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Moheimani
- Ischemic Disorders Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, P.O.BOX. 4934174515, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Vahid Khori
- Ischemic Disorders Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, P.O.BOX. 4934174515, Gorgan, Iran.
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de Souza P, Mariano LNB, da Silva RDCMVAF, Gasparotto F, Lourenço ELB, Donadel G, Boeing T, Gasparotto Junior A. Therapeutic Feasibility of the Natural Products in the Heart Complaints: An Overview. J Med Food 2021; 24:1245-1254. [PMID: 34665024 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2021.0030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Heart pain is the most frequent complaint leading patients to seek medical help. Functional heart symptoms, especially chest pain, are prevalent and, according to the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10), are described as "somatoform autonomous functional disorders of the cardiovascular system." The problem lies in the fact that pain does not always have a somatic background, that is, it may be related to crucial underlying heart disease. The population does not know how to differentiate somatic pain from significant ischemic symptoms, and based on the patient's complaints, traditional medicine ends up treating other underlying cardiac diseases. Many unsuccessful unconventional therapies have been proposed in recent years, including herbal medicines that seek to disrupt the disease's pathogenesis. The present review summarizes research carried out in the last 5 years on natural products' heart complaints, including myocardial ischemia, arrhythmia, and heart failure. Several herbal medicines may be used as a replacement or complementary treatment strategy. A total of 17 medicinal plants have shown promising results in preclinical studies. However, human clinical trials are scarce; only two have been presented. Generally, the data are bland, and many issues have been raised about herbal therapies' safety, efficacy, and mode of action. Besides, relevant clinical trials, future perspectives, and possible clinical applications are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priscila de Souza
- Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences (PPGCF), Chemical-Pharmaceutical Research Nucleus (NIQFAR), University of Vale do Itajaí (UNIVALI), Itajaí, Brazil
| | - Luísa Nathália Bolda Mariano
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Biology, Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Rita de Cássia M V A F da Silva
- Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences (PPGCF), Chemical-Pharmaceutical Research Nucleus (NIQFAR), University of Vale do Itajaí (UNIVALI), Itajaí, Brazil
| | - Francielli Gasparotto
- Cesumar Institute of Science, Technology, and Innovation (ICETI), University Center of Maringa, Maringa, PR, Brazil
| | - Emerson Luiz Botelho Lourenço
- Laboratory of Pre-Clinical Research of Natural Products, Postgraduate Program in Animal Science with Emphasis on Bioactive Products, Universidade Paranaense, Umuarama, PR, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Donadel
- Laboratory of Pre-Clinical Research of Natural Products, Postgraduate Program in Animal Science with Emphasis on Bioactive Products, Universidade Paranaense, Umuarama, PR, Brazil
| | - Thaise Boeing
- Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences (PPGCF), Chemical-Pharmaceutical Research Nucleus (NIQFAR), University of Vale do Itajaí (UNIVALI), Itajaí, Brazil
| | - Arquimedes Gasparotto Junior
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pharmacology (LaFaC), Faculty of Health Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, Brazil
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Jäger T, Holandino C, Melo MNDO, Peñaloza EMC, Oliveira AP, Garrett R, Glauser G, Grazi M, Ramm H, Urech K, Baumgartner S. Metabolomics by UHPLC-Q-TOF Reveals Host Tree-Dependent Phytochemical Variation in Viscum album L. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:1726. [PMID: 34451771 PMCID: PMC8399568 DOI: 10.3390/plants10081726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Viscum album L., commonly known as European mistletoe, is a hemi-parasitic plant of the Santalaceae family. The in vitro and in vivo effects of V. album differ, according to its host tree. However, little is known about the host-dependent phytochemical diversity in V. album. In this study, the metabolic profiles of V. album ssp. album from Malus domestica Bork., Quercus robur L., and Ulmus carpinifolia Gled were compared. Leaves, stems, and berries were collected in Switzerland, by the same procedure, in September 2016 and 2017. The methanolic extracts were analyzed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography, coupled to electrospray quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry in positive ionization mode. The data were submitted to partial-least square discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) and the results showed that the V. album ssp. album samples were clustered into three groups, according to the three distinct host trees. Seven compounds, with high VIP scores (variable importance in projection), were responsible for this differentiation. The following four compounds were detected in both the harvest years: arginine, pipecolic acid or lysine, dimethoxycoumarin, and sinapyl alcohol, suggesting their use as host specific V. album biomarkers. The present work highlights the importance of standardized harvest and analytical procedures for the reproducibility of the chemical results of herbal materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Jäger
- Society for Cancer Research, Hiscia Institute, Kirschweg 9, 4144 Arlesheim, Switzerland; (T.J.); (M.G.); (H.R.); (K.U.)
- Center for Complementary Medicine, Institute for Infection Prevention and Hospital Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Breisacher Str. 115b, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
- Institute of Integrative Medicine, University of Witten/Herdecke, Gerhard-Kienle-Weg 4, 58313 Herdecke, Germany
| | - Carla Holandino
- Society for Cancer Research, Hiscia Institute, Kirschweg 9, 4144 Arlesheim, Switzerland; (T.J.); (M.G.); (H.R.); (K.U.)
- Laboratório Multidisciplinar de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Pharmacy College, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil; (M.N.d.O.M.); (E.M.C.P.); (A.P.O.)
| | - Michelle Nonato de Oliveira Melo
- Laboratório Multidisciplinar de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Pharmacy College, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil; (M.N.d.O.M.); (E.M.C.P.); (A.P.O.)
- Metabolomics Laboratory, Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-598, Brazil;
| | - Evelyn Maribel Condori Peñaloza
- Laboratório Multidisciplinar de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Pharmacy College, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil; (M.N.d.O.M.); (E.M.C.P.); (A.P.O.)
- Metabolomics Laboratory, Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-598, Brazil;
| | - Adriana Passos Oliveira
- Laboratório Multidisciplinar de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Pharmacy College, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil; (M.N.d.O.M.); (E.M.C.P.); (A.P.O.)
| | - Rafael Garrett
- Metabolomics Laboratory, Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-598, Brazil;
| | - Gaétan Glauser
- Neuchatel Platform of Analytical Chemistry, University of Neuchâtel, Avenue de Bellevaux 51, 2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland;
| | - Mirio Grazi
- Society for Cancer Research, Hiscia Institute, Kirschweg 9, 4144 Arlesheim, Switzerland; (T.J.); (M.G.); (H.R.); (K.U.)
| | - Hartmut Ramm
- Society for Cancer Research, Hiscia Institute, Kirschweg 9, 4144 Arlesheim, Switzerland; (T.J.); (M.G.); (H.R.); (K.U.)
| | - Konrad Urech
- Society for Cancer Research, Hiscia Institute, Kirschweg 9, 4144 Arlesheim, Switzerland; (T.J.); (M.G.); (H.R.); (K.U.)
| | - Stephan Baumgartner
- Society for Cancer Research, Hiscia Institute, Kirschweg 9, 4144 Arlesheim, Switzerland; (T.J.); (M.G.); (H.R.); (K.U.)
- Institute of Integrative Medicine, University of Witten/Herdecke, Gerhard-Kienle-Weg 4, 58313 Herdecke, Germany
- Institute of Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 46, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
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Hua H, Zhu H, Liu C, Zhang W, Li J, Hu B, Guo Y, Cheng Y, Pi F, Xie Y, Yao W, Qian H. Bioactive compound from the Tibetan turnip (Brassica rapa L.) elicited anti-hypoxia effects in OGD/R-injured HT22 cells by activating the PI3K/AKT pathway. Food Funct 2021; 12:2901-2913. [PMID: 33710186 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo03190a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Cerebral stroke, a common clinical problem, is the predominant cause of disability and death worldwide. Its prevalence increases and infarctions exacerbate with age. A Tibetan plant, Brassica rapa L., possesses multiple medicinal effects, such as anti-altitude sickness, anti-hyperlipidemia and anti-fatigue, as mentioned in the noted ancient Tibet pharmacopeia "The Four Medical Tantras". Our preliminary studies also showed the anti-hypoxia protection mechanism of B. rapa L., implying its possible relationship with anti-ischemic neuroprotection. However, the potential molecular mechanism of the active constituent of turnip against cerebral ischemia/reperfusion remains unclear. In our study, oxidative stress markers, including LDH, ROS, SOD, GPx and CAT were assayed. In controlled in vitro assays, we found that the turnip's active constituent had remarkable anti-hypoxia capability. We further showed the profound effects of the active constituent of turnip on the levels of apoptosis-related proteins, including Bax, Bcl-2 and caspase-3, which contributed to its anti-inflammatory activity. Western blot analysis results also implied that active-constituent pretreatment reversed the diminished expression of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway mediated by oxygen glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R); further experimental evidence showed that the protective role was limited in the PI3K inhibitor (LY294002) treatment group. Our results demonstrated that the functional monomer of B. rapa L. exerted a neuroprotective effect against OGD/R-induced HT22 cell injury, and its potential mechanism provides a scientific basis for future clinical applications and its use as a functional food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanyi Hua
- Department of School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China.
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12
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Metabolomics-based Comparative Analysis of the Effects of Host and Environment on Viscum coloratum Metabolites and Antioxidative Activities. J Pharm Anal 2021; 12:243-252. [PMID: 35582400 PMCID: PMC9091737 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2021.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
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13
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Hua H, Zhang W, Li J, Li J, Liu C, Guo Y, Cheng Y, Pi F, Xie Y, Yao W, Gao Y, Qian H. Neuroprotection against cerebral ischemia/reperfusion by dietary phytochemical extracts from Tibetan turnip (Brassica rapa L.). JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 265:113410. [PMID: 32980487 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The Tibetan turnip (Brassica rapa L.) has a wide array of medicine properties including heat-clearing, detoxifying and anti-hypoxia as listed in the famous centuries-old Tibetan medicine classic "The Four Medical Tantras". Evidence-based medicine also indicated the anti-hypoxic effect of turnips, suggesting a potential link to neuroprotective effect on ischemic stroke. This thereby enables turnips to serve as a novel nontoxic agent in related treatment. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to investigate the neuroprotective effect and elucidate the mechanism of aqueous extract of turnip (AET) on cerebral ischemia/reperfusion. MATERIALS AND METHODS The experimental models of cerebral ischemia included transient middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO) in C57BL/6J mice and oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) in HT-22 cells. Long-term effect of AET on infarct volume was evaluated by microtubule-associated protein 2 (MAP2) immunofluorescence 28 days after MCAO, and on neurofunctional outcomes determined by rotarod, grid walking, and cylinder tests in the meantime. Efficacy of AET was determined by the cell viability, the release of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in neurons. The underlying mechanism of AET rescued OGD/R cells were characterized by PI3K, Akt and mTOR expressions, which were further used to validate AET's role in the pathway. RESULTS AET can reduce cerebral infarct volume and ameliorate behavioral deficits of MCAO/R mice dose-dependently. In vitro experiment further demonstrated that suitable concentrations of AET inhibited ROS, LDH production and restored mitochondrial expression induced by OGD/R. AET pretreatment can reverse the OGD/R-induced decreased level of phosphorylation of PI3K, Akt, mTOR, whereas this effect was blocked in the LY294002 (PI3K inhibitor) treatment group. CONCLUSIONS AET improved the survival of OGD/R-injured HT-22 cells by activating the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. Based on the results above, aqueous extract of turnip has a protective effect on focal cerebral ischemic injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanyi Hua
- Department of School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Wenyi Zhang
- Department of School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Jiaying Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jiayi Li
- Department of School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Department of School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Yahui Guo
- Department of School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Yuliang Cheng
- Department of School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Fuwei Pi
- Department of School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Yunfei Xie
- Department of School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Weirong Yao
- Department of School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Yanqin Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - He Qian
- Department of School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China.
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14
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Szurpnicka A, Kowalczuk A, Szterk A. Biological activity of mistletoe: in vitro and in vivo studies and mechanisms of action. Arch Pharm Res 2020; 43:593-629. [PMID: 32621089 PMCID: PMC7340679 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-020-01247-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Mistletoe has been used as treatment of many diseases in traditional and folk medicine. To date, anticancer, immunomodulatory, cardiac, antidiabetic, hepatoprotective, neuropharmacological, antibacterial and antifungal properties of mistletoe extracts have been studied the most. In this review, we summarized in vitro and in vivo studies on the pharmacological activity of Viscum species. Furthermore, we proposed the possible mechanisms of action of this herb, which might include many signalling pathways. Mistletoe could regulate either similar or different targets in various pathways that act on membrane receptors, enzymes, ion channels, transporter proteins and transcriptional targets. Still, pharmacological activities of mistletoe have been investigated mainly for crude extracts. It is a new field for scientists to determined which chemical compounds are responsible for the individual biological activities of mistletoe and how these activities are achieved. As a result, mistletoe might become a source of new complementary therapies supporting the treatment of many diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Szurpnicka
- Department of Natural Medicinal Products and Dietary Supplements, National Medicines Institute, Chełmska 30/34, 00-725, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Anna Kowalczuk
- National Medicines Institute, Chełmska 30/34, 00-725, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Arkadiusz Szterk
- Department of Spectrometric Methods, National Medicines Institute, Chełmska 30/34, 00-725, Warsaw, Poland
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15
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Halo M, Massanyi P, Gren A, Lasak A, Slanina T, Ondruska L, Muchacka R, Galbavy D, Ivanic P, Schneir ER, Formicki G. Time and Dose-Dependent Effects of Viscum Album Quercus on Rabbit Spermatozoa Motility and Viability in Vitro. Physiol Res 2019; 68:955-972. [PMID: 31647301 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.934223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The target of this study was to evaluate the effect of extract of the European mistletoe - Viscum album quercus L. on spermatozoa motility and viability in vitro. The CASA system was used to determine the spermatozoa motility parameters at different time intervals (0, 1, 2 and 3 h) and spermatozoa viability was determined in five different doses of Viscum album quercus L [10 (QA), 6.6 (QB), 3.3 (QC), 2.5 (QD) and 2 (QE) mg/ml]. Results in experimental groups detected a significant deterioration on rabbit spermatozoa after 1, 2 and 3 hours, compared to the control. The initial total spermatozoa motility showed increased value for all doses of Viscum album quercus in comparison to control. After in vitro culture a dose-dependent decrease (QA: reduction of 69.7 %, QB: reduction of 40.9 %) was found. For the progressive spermatozoa most significant decrease (86.8 % for QA vs. 48.5 % for QB) was detected compared to the control after 3 hours of culture. Spermatozoa viability (MTT test) was decreased in all experiment groups at the end of experiment, but the differences were not significant. Significant alterations of membrane integrity were found in groups with the highest Viscum album quercus concentration (QA, QB), but acrosome integrity showed no significant changes. Results suggest negative dose- and time-dependent effect of Viscum album quercus at higher doses on spermatozoa motility and viability parameters in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Halo
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture, Nitra, Slovak Republic.
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Cardioprotective and anti-apoptotic effects of Potentilla reptans L. root via Nrf2 pathway in an isolated rat heart ischemia/reperfusion model. Life Sci 2018; 215:216-226. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2018] [Revised: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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