1
|
Morales-Saldaña S, Villafán E, Vásquez-Aguilar AA, Ramírez-Barahona S, Ibarra-Laclette E, Ornelas JF. The complete chloroplast genome sequence of Psittacanthus schiedeanus (Cham. & Schltdl.) G.Don. (Santalales: Loranthaceae), the first plastome of a mistletoe species in the Psittacantheae tribe. Mitochondrial DNA B Resour 2024; 9:5-10. [PMID: 38187014 PMCID: PMC10769147 DOI: 10.1080/23802359.2023.2298078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Psittacanthus schiedeanus (Cham. & Schltdl.) G.Don., 1834, is a mistletoe species in the Loranthaceae, characteristic of the canopy in cloud forest edges and widely distributed in northern Mesoamerica. Here, we report the complete chloroplast genome sequence of P. schiedeanus, the first for a species in the Psittacantheae tribe. The circularized quadripartite structure of the P. schiedeanus chloroplast genome was 122,586 bp in length and included a large single-copy region of 72,507 bp and two inverted repeats of 21,283 bp separated by a small single-copy region of 7,513 bp. The genome contained 112 genes, of which 96 are unique, including 65 protein-coding genes, 27 transfer RNA, and four ribosomal RNA. The overall GC content in the plastome of P. schiedeanus is 36.9%. Based on 43 published complete chloroplast genome sequences for species in the families Loranthaceae and Santalaceae (Santalales), the maximum-likelihood phylogenetic tree with high-support bootstrap values indicated that P. schiedeanus in the Psittacantheae tribe is sister to the tribe Lorantheae. The chloroplast genome provided in this study represents a valuable resource for genetic, phylogenetic and conservation studies of Psittacanthus species, and an important advance for unraveling the evolutionary history of these hemiparasitic plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saddan Morales-Saldaña
- Red de Biología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología, A.C. (INECOL), Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico
| | - Emanuel Villafán
- Red de Estudios Moleculares Avanzados, Instituto de Ecología, A.C. (INECOL), Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico
| | | | - Santiago Ramírez-Barahona
- Departamento de Botánica, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Enrique Ibarra-Laclette
- Red de Estudios Moleculares Avanzados, Instituto de Ecología, A.C. (INECOL), Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico
| | - Juan Francisco Ornelas
- Red de Biología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología, A.C. (INECOL), Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Harms KE, Watson DM, Santiago‐Rosario LY, Mathews S. Exposing the error hidden in plain sight: A critique of Calder's (1983) group selectionist seed-dispersal hypothesis for mistletoe "mimicry" of host plants. Ecol Evol 2023; 13:e10760. [PMID: 38020691 PMCID: PMC10667604 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.10760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Some mistletoe species (Loranthaceae) resemble their host plants to a striking degree. Various mechanisms have been proposed for the developmental origins of novel traits that cause mistletoes to appear similar to their hosts, as well as for the adaptive phenotypic evolution of such traits. Calder (1983) proposed a logically flawed group selectionist seed-dispersal hypothesis for mistletoes to resemble their hosts. Calder's (1983) hypothesis does not provide a viable potential explanation for mistletoe resemblance to hosts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kyle E. Harms
- Department of Biological SciencesLouisiana State UniversityBaton RougeLouisianaUSA
| | - David M. Watson
- Gulbali InstituteCharles Sturt University, Albury–Wodonga CampusAlburyNew South WalesAustralia
| | | | - Sarah Mathews
- Department of Biological SciencesLouisiana State UniversityBaton RougeLouisianaUSA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhao J, Li Y, Wang X, Li M, Yu W, Chen J, Zhang L. Parasite-host network analysis provides insights into the evolution of two mistletoe lineages ( Loranthaceae and Santalaceae). Plant Divers 2023; 45:702-711. [PMID: 38197012 PMCID: PMC10772182 DOI: 10.1016/j.pld.2023.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
Mistletoes are ecologically important parasitic plants, with > 1600 species from five lineages worldwide. Mistletoe lineages exhibit distinct patterns of species diversification and host specificity, however, the mechanisms underlying these differences are poorly understood. In this study, we analysed a comprehensive parasite-host network, including 280 host species from 60 families and 22 mistletoe species from two lineages (Santalaceae and Loranthaceae) in Xishuangbanna, located in a biodiversity hotspot of tropical Asia. We identified the factors that predict the infection strength of mistletoes. We also detected host specificity and the phylogenetic signal of mistletoes and their hosts. We found that this interaction network could be largely explained by a model based on the relative abundance of species. Host infection was positively correlated with diameter at breast height and tree coverage, but negatively correlated with wood density. Overall, closely related mistletoe species tend to interact more often with similar hosts. However, the two lineages showed a significantly different network pattern. Rates of host generality were higher in Loranthaceae than in Santalaceae, although neither lineage showed phylogenetic signal for host generality. This study demonstrates that the neutral interaction hypothesis provides suitable predictions of the mistletoe-host interaction network, and mistletoe species show significant phylogenetic signals for their hosts. Our findings also indicate that high species diversification in Loranthaceae may be explained by high rates of host generality and the evolutionary history shared by Loranthaceae species with diverse host plants in the tropics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jin Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla 666303, Yunnan, China
- Engineering Research Center of Eco-environment in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, Hubei, China
| | - Yuanjie Li
- Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xuanni Wang
- Linnaeus Labs Technology Co., Ltd, Wuyuan 333200, Jiangxi, China
| | - Manru Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla 666303, Yunnan, China
- Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Wenbin Yu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla 666303, Yunnan, China
| | - Jin Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla 666303, Yunnan, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla 666303, Yunnan, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Lee CF, Chen JC. Demarchushsui (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae, Galerucinae, Alticini), a new species from Taiwan, with notes on immatures and biology. Zookeys 2023; 1177:3-21. [PMID: 37692318 PMCID: PMC10483693 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1177.97854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
A new species of the little-known genus Demarchus Jacoby was discovered at Pilu, East Taiwan, and is here described as Demarchushsuisp. nov. The larvae and adults utilise showy mistletoes as food plants. Their remarkable biology is described in detail, including egg deposition and leaf mining behaviour. Their biology is compared with that of other members of the genus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Feng Lee
- Applied Zoology Division, Taiwan Agricultural Research Institute, Taichung 413, TaiwanTaiwan Agricultural Research InstituteTaichungTaiwan
| | - Jung-Chan Chen
- No. 16, Lane 75, Shengli East Road, Pingtung City, Pingtung County 900, TaiwanUnaffiliatedPingtungTaiwan
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Fontúrbel FE, Villarroel J, Orellana JI. With a little help from my friends: Hyperparasitism allows a generalist mistletoe to expand habitat use. Ecology 2023; 104:e3919. [PMID: 36415080 DOI: 10.1002/ecy.3919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Francisco E Fontúrbel
- Instituto de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile.,Millennium Nucleus of Patagonian Limit of Life (LiLi), Valdivia, Chile
| | - Javiera Villarroel
- Instituto de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - José I Orellana
- Laboratorio de Vida Silvestre, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas y Biodiversidad, Universidad de Los Lagos, Osorno, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Su GZ, Wang SY, Yang XY, Stevanović ZD, Li N, Tanić N, Arsenijević N, Yu SS, Li Y. Dihydroflavonoid glycosides from Viscum album and their inhibitory effects on hepatic lipid accumulation and target identification. Phytochemistry 2022; 204:113458. [PMID: 36181860 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2022.113458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Revised: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Five undescribed dihydroflavonoid glycoside derivatives, namely albvisosides A‒E, together with two known compounds were isolated from the roots and stem leaves of Viscum album L. var. album. (European mistletoe). Their structures were determined by HRESIMS, 1D and 2D NMR, and ECD analysis. Albvisoside B exhibits significant inhibitory effect on hepatic lipid accumulation in HepG2 cells at very low concentrations (EC50: 0.7 nM). Using proteome integral solubility alteration assay, the direct targets or downstream effectors of albvisoside B were elucidated. As a result, 97 proteins were identified based on ligand-induced alterations in the protein thermal stability. Bioinformatics analysis indicated that albvisoside B primarily ameliorated oleic acid-induced lipid accumulation by regulating the selenoamino acids metabolism signaling pathway. RPL3, ADAM17, and RPL14 were likely to be involved in mediating the lipid-lowering effect of albvisoside B.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Zhu Su
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Shang-Yi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Xiu-Ying Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | | | - Na Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Nikola Tanić
- Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, 11060, Serbia
| | - Nebojsa Arsenijević
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, 34000, Serbia
| | - Shi-Shan Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Yong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Le KH, Huynh BLC, Pham NKT, Do THT, Nguyen LTT, Dang VS, Ngo QL, Tran TNM, Bui TD, Phan NM, Mai DT, Nguyen TP. Cycloartane-type triterpenoids from the whole plants of Macrosolen bidoupensis. J Asian Nat Prod Res 2022; 24:596-602. [PMID: 34292109 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2021.1949301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
One new cycloartane-type triterpenoid, named macrobidoupoic acid A (as an C-24 epimeric mixture, 4a, 4 b), together with three known ones (1-3), were clarified by different chromatography from the M. bidoupensis whole plants. Triterpenoids (1, 3 & 4) were detected for the first time from the Macrosolen genus. Chemical structures of them were illuminated using HR-ESI-MS, and NMR (1 D & 2 D) assessments. The cytotoxic properties of triterpenoids (3 & 4) were examined against two human cancer cell lines (A549, and RD) by MTT assay. As results shown, triterpenoids (3 & 4) possessed moderate cytotoxic activity against A549 and RD cancer cells (IC50 ranged from 5.44 to 39.52 μM).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kieu Hung Le
- Faculty of Chemistry, Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
- Department of Chemistry, Le Quy Don High School for the Gifted, Ba Ria-Vung Tau Province 78000, Vietnam
| | - Bui Linh Chi Huynh
- Department of Science, Dong Nai University, Bien Hoa City, Le Quy Don, Dong Nai Province 76000, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Kim Tuyen Pham
- Faculty of Environmental Science, Sai Gon University, Ho Chi Minh City 70000, Vietnam
| | - Thi Hong Tuoi Do
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City 70000, Vietnam
| | - Le Thanh Tuyen Nguyen
- Saigon Pharmaceutical Sciences & Technologies Center, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City 70000, Vietnam
| | - Van Son Dang
- The VNM Herbarium, Institute of Tropical Biology, Academy of Science and Technology, Ho Chi Minh City 70000, Vietnam
| | | | - Thi Ngoc Mai Tran
- Institute of Applied Sciences, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam
| | - Trong Dat Bui
- Bioactive Compounds Laboratory, Institute of Chemical Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Ho Chi Minh City 70000, Vietnam
| | - Nhat Minh Phan
- Faculty of Chemistry, Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
- Bioactive Compounds Laboratory, Institute of Chemical Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Ho Chi Minh City 70000, Vietnam
| | - Dinh Tri Mai
- Faculty of Chemistry, Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
- Bioactive Compounds Laboratory, Institute of Chemical Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Ho Chi Minh City 70000, Vietnam
| | - Tan Phat Nguyen
- Faculty of Chemistry, Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
- Bioactive Compounds Laboratory, Institute of Chemical Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Ho Chi Minh City 70000, Vietnam
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Oriola AO, Aladesanmi AJ, Idowu TO, Akinwumi FO, Obuotor EM, Idowu T, Oyedeji AO. Ursane-Type Triterpenes, Phenolics and Phenolic Derivatives from Globimetula braunii Leaf. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26216528. [PMID: 34770937 PMCID: PMC8587093 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26216528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Globimetula braunii is a hemi-parasitic plant used in African ethnomedicine for the management of microbial infections, rheumatic pain and tumors amongst others. We report the isolation and characterization of eight compounds with their antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. The air-dried powdered leaf was macerated in EtOH/H20 (4:1). The extract was solvent-partitioned into n-hexane, EtOAc, n-BuOH and aqueous fractions. The fractions were screened for their antioxidant properties, using DPPH, FRAP, TAC and FIC assays. Antimicrobial analysis was performed using the micro-broth dilution method. The active EtOAc fraction was purified for its putative compounds on a repeated silica gel column chromatography monitored with TLC-bioautography. The isolated compounds were characterized using spectroscopic methods of UV, FT-IR, NMR and MS. Eight compounds (1–8) were isolated and characterized as 13,27-cycloursane (1), phyllanthone (2), globraunone (3), three phenolics: methyl 3,5-dihydroxy-4-methoxybenzoate (4), methyl 3-methyl-4-hydroxybenzoate (5) and guaiacol (6), as well as two phenol derivatives: 4-formaldehyde phenone (7) and 6-methoxy-2H-inden-5-ol (8). The study identified 4 and 6 as natural antioxidant compounds with potential as antimicrobial agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ayodeji Oluwabunmi Oriola
- Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Walter Sisulu University, Mthatha 5099, South Africa;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +27-655934742
| | | | - Thomas Oyebode Idowu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife 220005, Nigeria;
| | - Florence O. Akinwumi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife 220005, Nigeria;
| | - Efere Martins Obuotor
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife 220005, Nigeria;
| | - Temilolu Idowu
- Department of Chemistry, Parkers Building, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada;
| | - Adebola Omowunmi Oyedeji
- Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Walter Sisulu University, Mthatha 5099, South Africa;
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Thomas Wieland MK, Pantaleon A, Luciane Marlyse M, Bathelemy N, Thomas SE, Bonaventure NT, Richard SG. ( -)-Brunneusine, a new phenolic compound with antibacterial properties in aqueous medium from the leaves of Agelanthus brunneus (Engl.) Tiegh ( LORANTHACEAE). Z NATURFORSCH C 2021; 77:157-165. [PMID: 34582638 DOI: 10.1515/znc-2021-0143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Agelanthus brunneus (Loranthaceae) is a hemiparasitic plant growing on Senna siamea (Fabaceae). The chemical investigation of its leaves and flowers led to the isolation of one new phenolic compound namely (-)-brunneusine (1), together with 13 known compounds. The crude leaves and flowers extracts (CLE and CFLE) with their ethyl acetate fractions (EAFL and EAFFL) and some isolated compounds (1-3; 8-9 and 11-14) have been tested on four bacterial species of sanitary importance isolated in an aquatic environment. All the samples except compound 3 showed antibacterial activity with MICs ranging from 0.43 to 8.88.103 µg/mL and MBCs from 0.43 to 3.55.103 µg/mL. Compounds 9 and 14 showed better activity on all bacterial species tested with MICs ranging from 0.43 to 27.77 µg/mL. Only CLE, EAFL and compounds 14, 2, 8 and 9 showed bactericidal effects on all bacterial species tested.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ambassa Pantaleon
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, P.O. Box 812, Cameroon
| | - Moungang Luciane Marlyse
- Department of Biology and Animal Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Ngameni Bathelemy
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, P.O. Box 1364, Cameroon.,School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - Storr E Thomas
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK
| | | | - Stephenson G Richard
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Zhang Y, Deng C, Yang J, Wang D, Deng G. The complete chloroplast genome of a medicinal plant Viscum articulatum Burm.f. ( Loranthaceae). Mitochondrial DNA B Resour 2021; 6:2635-2637. [PMID: 34435106 PMCID: PMC8381967 DOI: 10.1080/23802359.2021.1962760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
Viscum articulatum is usually used as famous ethno-medicinal plant and popular drink in many provinces of China. In this study, the characterization of the complete chloroplast genome of V. articulatum was analyzed using the Illumina NovaSeq platform. The whole chloroplast genome sequence of V. articulatum is 131,825 including a large single-copy region (LSC, 76,069 bp), a small single-copy region (SSC, 8990 bp), and a pair of repeated regions (IRs, 23,383 bp, each). Further gene annotation in our study revealed the chloroplast genome contains 114 genes, including 36 tRNA genes, 8 rRNA genes and 70 protein-coding genes. A total of 118 simple sequence repeats (SSRs) were identified in the chloroplast genome. Phylogenetic development was analyzed based on V. articulatum with other species of Loranthaceae, the phylogenetic tree in our study revealed that V. articulatum is a lineage independent of other species in genus Viscum.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zhang
- Yunnan Academy of Biodiversity, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China.,Forestry Resources Exploitation and Utilization Engineering Research Center for Comprehensive Healthcare of Yunnan Provincial Universities
| | - Chongli Deng
- Yunnan Academy of Biodiversity, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
| | - Junwen Yang
- Yunnan Academy of Biodiversity, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
| | - Dexin Wang
- Forestry Resources Exploitation and Utilization Engineering Research Center for Comprehensive Healthcare of Yunnan Provincial Universities
| | - Guobin Deng
- Yunnan Academy of Biodiversity, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China.,Forestry Resources Exploitation and Utilization Engineering Research Center for Comprehensive Healthcare of Yunnan Provincial Universities
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Sunil Kumar KN, Divya KG, Senthilkumar M, Sreelekshmi SG, El-Sheikh HM, El-Sheikh MA, Al-Ghamdi A, Al-Munqedhi B. On the macro-micro-morphology of organs of host invasion in hemiparasite Helicanthes elasticus (Desv.) Danser. Saudi J Biol Sci 2021; 28:1239-1245. [PMID: 33613053 PMCID: PMC7878703 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2020.11.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/29/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Loranthaceae family includes hemiparasitic members which are seen invading a wide range of commercial crops. Helicanthes elasticus (Desv.) Danser is very common on mango trees. Though parasitic in nature, this mistletoe is also medicinally important as fetoprotective, against vesicular calculi and kidney infections. This study is an attempt to document macro-microscopical features of parasitic root, fruit and host-mistletoe tissue interaction in the haustorium of H. elasticus growing on mango stems. Collection, preservation, sectioning, staining and photomicrography of the root, fruit and host-mistletoe union were done as per standard methodologies of anatomical studies. Though there is resemblance to the normal roots in morphology as well as anatomy, the microscopic finding of large number of branched stone cells in the roots is interesting. The morpho-anatomical features recorded would help in understanding the infection biology of this mistletoe. The eradication during the earlier stages of its establishment from seed or from the root creeping over the surface of the host can help in controlling this parasite infection on commercially important host plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K N Sunil Kumar
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Siddha Central Research Institute, Arumbakkam, Chennai, India
| | - K G Divya
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Siddha Central Research Institute, Arumbakkam, Chennai, India
| | - M Senthilkumar
- PG and Research Department of Botany, Vivekanandha College of Arts and Sciences for Women (Autonomous), Elayampalayam, Tiruchengode, India
| | - S G Sreelekshmi
- Department of Botany, St. Teresa's College, Kochi, Kerala, India
| | - Hady M El-Sheikh
- Arab Academy for Science Technology and Maritime Transport, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A El-Sheikh
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Al-Ghamdi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bander Al-Munqedhi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Le KH, Bui TKN, Pham NKT, Dang VS, Ngo TN, Phan NM, Bui TD, Tran TD, Nguyen QH, Ngo QL, Mai DT, Nguyen TP. Macrotricolorin A, a new diarylpropanoid from the Vietnamese plant Macrosolen tricolor (Lecomte) Danser. Nat Prod Res 2020; 36:165-170. [PMID: 32490695 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2020.1771710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
From the Vietnamese plant Macrosolen tricolor (Lecomte) Danser, one new diarylpropanoid, named macrotricolorin A (1) together with three diarylheptanoids including bisdemethoxycurcumin (2), demethoxycurcumin (3) and curcumin (4), were isolated. Their structures were elucidated by intensive analyses of their IR, UV, HR-ESI-MS and NMR (1 D & 2 D) spectra. It is the first time that diarylalkanoids have been reported from the genus Macrosolen. Compound 1 exhibited anti-inflammatory activity against the nitric oxide (NO) production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW264.7 with an IC50 value of 27.54 ± 1.75 μM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kieu Hung Le
- Faculty of Chemistry, Graduate University of Science and Technology, Viet Nam Academy of Science and Technology, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Viet Nam.,Department of Chemistry, Le Quy Don High School for the Gifted, Ba Ria-Vung Tau Province, Viet Nam
| | - Thi Kim Ngan Bui
- Faculty of Environmental Science, Sai Gon University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | | | - Van Son Dang
- The VNM Herbarium, Institute of Tropical Biology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Ho Chi Minh city, Viet Nam
| | - Trong Nghia Ngo
- Faculty of Environment and Natural Resources, Kien Giang University, Kien Giang City, Viet Nam
| | - Nhat Minh Phan
- Bioactive Compounds Laboratory, Institute of Chemical Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Trong Dat Bui
- Bioactive Compounds Laboratory, Institute of Chemical Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Trong Duc Tran
- GeneCology Research Centre, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore DC, Queensland, Australia
| | - Quan Hien Nguyen
- Department of Novel and Nanostructured materials, Ho Chi Minh City Institute of Physics, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Quoc Luan Ngo
- Department of Chemistry Education, School of Education, Can Tho University, Can Tho city, Viet Nam
| | - Dinh Tri Mai
- Faculty of Chemistry, Graduate University of Science and Technology, Viet Nam Academy of Science and Technology, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Viet Nam.,Bioactive Compounds Laboratory, Institute of Chemical Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Tan Phat Nguyen
- Faculty of Chemistry, Graduate University of Science and Technology, Viet Nam Academy of Science and Technology, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Viet Nam.,Bioactive Compounds Laboratory, Institute of Chemical Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Rajachan OA, Hongtanee L, Chalermsaen K, Kanokmedhakul K, Kanokmedhakul S. Bioactive galloyl flavans from the stems of Helixanthera parasitica. J Asian Nat Prod Res 2020; 22:405-412. [PMID: 30945943 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2019.1592165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2018] [Revised: 03/03/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Three new flavans, (2S)-7-O-galloyl-5,3',4'-trihydroxyflavan (1), (2S)-7,3'-O-digalloyl-5,4'-dihydroxyflavan (2), and (2S)-7,4'-O-digalloyl-5,3'-dihydroxyflavan (3), together with four known compounds, (2S)-5,7,3',4'-tetrahydroxyflavan (4), (-)-epicatechin (5), (-)-syringaresinol (6), and methyl gallate (7) have been isolated from the EtOAc extract of the stems of Helixanthera parasitica. Compounds 2 and 3 were obtained as a mixture of positional isomers. The structures of the isolated compounds were established using extensive spectroscopic data. Compound 1 and the mixture of 2 and 3 exhibited significant antimalarial activity against Plasmodium falciparum, with IC50 values of 0.59 and 1.38 μM, respectively. In addition, flavans 1-3 showed cytotoxicity against KB, MCF-7, and NCI-H187 cancer cell lines, with IC50 values in the range of 11.1-30.0 μM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Oue-Artorn Rajachan
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahasarakham University, Mahasarakham 44150, Thailand
| | - Lalitphan Hongtanee
- Natural Products Research Unit, Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Kasinee Chalermsaen
- Natural Products Research Unit, Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Kwanjai Kanokmedhakul
- Natural Products Research Unit, Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Somdej Kanokmedhakul
- Natural Products Research Unit, Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Cedeño H, Espinosa S, Andrade JM, Cartuche L, Malagón O. Novel Flavonoid Glycosides of Quercetin from Leaves and Flowers of Gaiadendron punctatum G.Don. (Violeta de Campo), used by the Saraguro Community in Southern Ecuador, Inhibit α-Glucosidase Enzyme. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24234267. [PMID: 31771116 PMCID: PMC6930599 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24234267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Gaiadandendron punctatum G.Don. (violeta de campo) is a plant used in traditional medicine by the Saraguro people, an ancient indigenous group that lives in southern Ecuador. From samples collected in the region, six glycoside flavonoids, five with quercetin and one with kaempferol as aglycon, were isolated and characterized from hydroalcoholic extracts of leaves and flowers. Rutin (2) was found in flowers and leaves, nicotiflorin (1) was found in flowers, artabotryside A (3) was found in leaves, and three novel quercetin flavonoid glycosides were isolated, elucidated, and characterized via 1D and 2D NMR experiments (1H, 13C, COSY, DEPT, HMBC, HSQC, TOCSY, NOESY, ROESY), acid hydrolysis–derivatization–GC-MS analysis, HPLC-MS, IR, UV, and optical rotation. The new quercetin flavonoid glycosides were named hecpatrin (4) (isolated from leaves), gaiadendrin (5) (isolated from leaves), and puchikrin (6) (isolated from flowers). The hydroalcoholic extracts of the leaves presented antimicrobial activity against Micrococcus luteus, Staphylococcus aureus, and Enterococcus faecalis and the hydroalcoholic extract of the flowers was active against Micrococcus luteus. However, glycoside flavonoids presented scarce antimicrobial activity against bacteria. Hydroalcoholic extracts from leaves and flowers and their secondary metabolites showed inhibition against the α-glucosidase enzyme at different concentrations. Rutin, gaiadendrin, and nicotiflorin showed competitive α-glucosidase inhibition, while hecpatrin presented non-competitive inhibition.
Collapse
|
15
|
Abstract
Taxillus vestitus (Wallich) Danser (Loranthaceae) is a stem hemiparasite occurring in southwest China and Himalayas. In this study, we report the first complete plastome of this species. The plastome is 122,200 bp in size, which encodes 94 unique genes (64 protein-encoding gens, 4 ribosomal RNAs, and 26 tRNAs). Compared to the plastomes of the autotrophic relatives, the T. vestitus plastome is significantly reduced. A total of 15 protein-coding genes, and 4 tRNAs were deleted from the plastome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaorong Guo
- Institute of Ecology and Geobotany, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan, China.,School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Zhijie Ruan
- School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Guangfei Zhang
- Institute of Ecology and Geobotany, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan, China.,School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Guo X, Ruan Z. Characterization of the complete plastome of Dendrophthoe pentandra ( Loranthaceae), a stem hemiparasite. Mitochondrial DNA B Resour 2019; 4:3099-3100. [PMID: 33365870 PMCID: PMC7706560 DOI: 10.1080/23802359.2019.1667280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Dendrophthoe pentandra (Linnaeus) Miquel (Loranthaceae) is a stem hemiparasite distributed in southwest China and Indochina. Here, we present the first complete plastome of the plant. The plastome is 115,721 bp in length, and encodes 92 unique genes, including 63 protein-encoding gens, 4 rRNAs, and 25 tRNAs. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that D. pentandra is close to Macrosolen cochinchensis (Loureiro) Tieghem and Helixanthera parasitica Loureiro.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaorong Guo
- Institute of Ecology and Geobotany, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan, China.,School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Zhijie Ruan
- School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Abstract
The complete chloroplast genome (plastome) of Elytranthe albida (Blume) Blume (Loranthaceae) was sequenced. The plastome is 128,658 bp in length, which encodes 96 unique genes, including 64 protein-coding genes, 4 rRNAs, and 28 tRNAs. The complete plastome-based phylogeny indicated that E. albida is sister to remaining Loranthaceae species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaorong Guo
- Institute of Ecology and Geobotany, Yunnan University, Kunming, China.,School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Zhijie Ruan
- School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Abstract
Phytochemical study was conducted on the leaves of Globimetula braunii which is a hemi parasitic plant belonging to the family Loranthaceae. Extraction was carried out using cold extraction method with increasing polarity of solvents i.e n-hexane, CH2Cl2 and MeOH. The components were separated by chromatographic technique and the structures of the compounds were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analyses including MS, FTIR, 1D and 2D NMR, HRMS and chemical methods. Six new pentacyclic triterpenoid esters named as globrauneine A (1), globrauneine B (2), globrauneine C (3), globrauneine D (4), globrauneine E (5), and globrauneine F (6), together with six known compounds (7 - 12) were successfully isolated from the leaves of G. braunii growing on Piliostigma thonningii. These results depict a substantial support to the chemotaxonomy of the genus Globimetula.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kamal Ja'afar Muhammad
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia , Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia.,Chemistry Advanced Research Centre, Sheda Science and Technology Complex , Garki , Abuja-Nigeria
| | - Shajarahtunnur Jamil
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia , Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Norazah Basar
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia , Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Satyajit D Sarker
- Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Products Research Group, School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Faculty of Science, Liverpool John Moores University , Liverpool , United Kingdom
| | - Magaji Garba Mohammed
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Ahmadu Bello University , Zaria , Nigeria
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Nickrent DL, Anderson F, Kuijt J. Inflorescence evolution in Santalales: integrating morphological characters and molecular phylogenetics. Am J Bot 2019; 106:402-414. [PMID: 30856677 DOI: 10.1002/ajb2.1250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
PREMISE OF THE STUDY The sandalwood order (Santalales) includes members that present a diverse array of inflorescence types, some of which are unique among angiosperms. This diversity presents not only interpretational challenges but also opportunities to test fundamental concepts in plant morphology. Here we used modern phylogenetic approaches to address the evolution of inflorescences in the sandalwood order. METHODS Phylogenetic analyses of two nuclear and three chloroplast genes were conducted on representatives of 146 of the 163 genera in the order. A matrix was constructed that scored nine characters dealing with inflorescences. One character, "trios", that encompasses any grouping of three flowers (i.e., both dichasia and triads) was optimized on samples of the posterior distribution of trees from the Bayesian analysis using BayesTraits. Three nodes were examined: the most recent common ancestors of (A) all ingroup members, (B) Loranthaceae, and (C) Opiliaceae, Santalaceae s.l., and Viscaceae. KEY RESULTS The phylogenetic analysis resulted in many fully resolved nodes across Santalales with strong support for 18 clades previously named as families. The trios character was not supported for nodes A and C, whereas it was supported for node B where this partial inflorescence type is best described as a triad. CONCLUSIONS Essentially every major inflorescence type can be found in Santalales; however, the dichasium, a type of partial inflorescence, is rarely seen and is not plesiomorphic for the order. In the family Erythropalaceae, inflorescences are mostly in small, axillary fascicles or cymes. Successive families show both cymose and racemose types and compound systems (e.g., thyrses). Inflorescences in Amphorogynaceae and Viscaceae are not dichasial and in general are difficult to compare to "standard" inflorescences.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel L Nickrent
- Department of Plant Biology, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL, 62901-6509, USA
| | - Frank Anderson
- Department of Zoology, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL, 62901-6509, USA
| | - Job Kuijt
- 649 Lost Lake Road, Victoria, BC, V9B 6E3, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
de Souza MC, Scalon MC, Poschenrieder C, Tolrà R, Venâncio T, Teixeira SP, Da Costa FB. Aluminium detoxification in facultative (Passovia ovata (Pohl ex DC.) Kuijt and Struthanthus polyanthus Mart. - Loranthaceae) and dependent (Psittacanthus robustus (Mart.) Marloth - Loranthaceae) Al-accumulating mistletoe species from the Brazilian savanna. Phytochemistry 2018; 153:58-63. [PMID: 29879589 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2018.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Revised: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Mechanisms to detoxify aluminium (Al) is a hot topic for cultivated plants. However, little information is known about the mechanisms used by native plants to deal with Al-toxicity. In Cerrado, some generalist mistletoe species, such as Passovia ovata (Pohl ex DC.) Kuijt and Struthanthus polyanthus Mart. can parasitize Al-accumulating and Al-excluding plant species without any clear symptoms of toxicity and mineral deficiency, while Psittacanthus robustus (Mart.) Marloth, a more specialist mistletoe, seems to be an Al-dependent species, parasitizing only Al-accumulating hosts. Here we (i) characterized the forms and compartmentalization of Al in leaves of P. robustus; (ii) compared Ca and Al leaf concentration, and leaf concentration of organic acids and polyphenols between facultative Al-accumulating (P. ovata and S. polyanthus) and Al-dependent (P. robustus) mistletoe species infecting Miconia albicans (Sw.) Steud. (Al-accumulating species). P. robustus chelated Al3+ with oxalate and stored it in the phloematic and epidermic leaf tissues. Leaf Ca and Al concentration did not differ among species. Leaf oxalate concentration was higher in the Al-dependent species. Concentrations of citrate and phenolic compounds were higher in the leaves of the facultative Al-accumulating species. These results show that facultative Al-accumulating and Al-dependent species use different mechanisms to detoxify Al. Moreover, this is the first report on a mistletoes species (P. robustus) with a potential calcifuge behaviour in Cerrado.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo Claro de Souza
- AsterBioChem Research Team, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil; University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil.
| | | | | | - Roser Tolrà
- Autonomous University of Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | | | - Simone Pádua Teixeira
- AsterBioChem Research Team, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Fernando Batista Da Costa
- AsterBioChem Research Team, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Yuan LX, Wang JH, Chen CR, Zhao KK, Zhu ZX, Wang HF. Complete chloroplast genome sequence of Scurrula notothixoides ( Loranthaceae): a hemiparasitic shrub in South China. Mitochondrial DNA B Resour 2018; 3:580-581. [PMID: 33474249 PMCID: PMC7799537 DOI: 10.1080/23802359.2018.1471366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Scurrula notothixoides (Loranthaceae) is a hemiparasitic shrub distributed in forest margins of Southeast Asian countries. Here, we report and characterize the complete plastid genome sequence of S. notothixoides in an effort to provide genomic resources useful for the phylogenetic studies for Santalales. The complete plastome is 123,810 bp in length and contains the typical structure and gene content of angiosperm plastomes, including two inverted repeat (IR) regions of 23,101 bp, a large single copy (LSC) region of 71,448 bp and a small single copy (SSC) region of 6160 bp. The plastome contains 88 genes, consisting of 61 unique protein-coding genes, 23 unique tRNA genes and four unique rRNA genes. The overall A/T content in the plastome of S. notothixoides is 62.7%. Phylogenetic analyses were performed using the entire plastome, including spacers, introns, etc. and we recovered that S. notothixoides and Taxillus sutchuenensis was closely related. The complete plastome sequence of S. notothixoides will provide a useful resource for the phylogenetic studies for Santalales.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lang-Xing Yuan
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Jian-Hua Wang
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Chao-Rui Chen
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Kun-Kun Zhao
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Zhi-Xin Zhu
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Hua-Feng Wang
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry Hainan University, Haikou, China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Miao N, Zhang L, Li M, Fan L, Mao K. Development of EST-SSR markers for Taxillus nigrans ( Loranthaceae) in southwestern China using next-generation sequencing. Appl Plant Sci 2017; 5:apps1700010. [PMID: 28924510 PMCID: PMC5584814 DOI: 10.3732/apps.1700010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
PREMISE OF THE STUDY We developed transcriptome microsatellite markers (simple sequence repeats) for Taxillus nigrans (Loranthaceae) to survey the genetic diversity and population structure of this species. METHODS AND RESULTS We used Illumina HiSeq data to reconstruct the transcriptome of T. nigrans by de novo assembly and used the transcriptome to develop a set of simple sequence repeat markers. Overall, 40 primer pairs were designed and tested; 19 of them amplified successfully and demonstrated polymorphisms. Two loci that detected null alleles were eliminated, and the remaining 17, which were subjected to further analyses, yielded two to 21 alleles per locus. CONCLUSIONS The markers will serve as a basis for studies to assess the extent and pattern of distribution of genetic variation in T. nigrans, and they may also be useful in conservation genetic, ecological, and evolutionary studies of the genus Taxillus, a group of plant species of importance in Chinese traditional medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ning Miao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lei Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, People’s Republic of China
| | - Maoping Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liqiang Fan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kangshan Mao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Tagane S, Dang VS, Ngoc NV, Binh HT, Komada N, Wai JS, Naiki A, Nagamasu H, Toyama H, Yahara T. Macrosolen bidoupensis ( Loranthaceae), a new species from Bidoup Nui Ba National Park, southern Vietnam. PhytoKeys 2017; 80:113-120. [PMID: 28781562 PMCID: PMC5543609 DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.80.13338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Macrosolen bidoupensis Tagane & V.S.Dang, sp. nov. (Loranthaceae) is newly described from Bidoup Nui Ba National Park in Lam Dong Province, southern Vietnam. The new species is characterized by small broadly elliptic to circular leaves, sessile to short petioles, slightly cordate to rounded leaf bases, 4-5 pairs of lateral veins and a basally green corolla tube. An illustration, a summary of DNA barcoding of the plastid genes rbcL and matK, and a key to the species of Macrosolen in Vietnam are provided.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuichiro Tagane
- Center for Asian Conservation Ecology, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | | | - Nguyen Van Ngoc
- Center for Asian Conservation Ecology, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
- Department of Biology, Dalat University, 01 – Phu Dong Thien Vuong, Dalat, Vietnam
| | - Hoang Thi Binh
- Center for Asian Conservation Ecology, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
- Department of Biology, Dalat University, 01 – Phu Dong Thien Vuong, Dalat, Vietnam
| | | | - Jarearnsak Sae Wai
- Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Thailand
- Institute of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Akiyo Naiki
- Iriomote Station, Tropical Biosphere Research Center, University of the Ryukyus, 870 Uehara, Taketomi-cho, Yaeyama-gun, Okinawa, 907-1541, Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Nagamasu
- The Kyoto University Museum, Kyoto University, Yoshida Honmachi, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Hironori Toyama
- Center for Asian Conservation Ecology, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Tetsukazu Yahara
- Center for Asian Conservation Ecology, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Suaza-Gaviria V, González F, Pabón-Mora N. Comparative inflorescence development in selected Andean Santalales. Am J Bot 2017; 104:24-38. [PMID: 28057689 DOI: 10.3732/ajb.1600253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2016] [Accepted: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
PREMISE OF THE STUDY Loranthaceae, Santalaceae, and Viscaceae are the most diversified hemiparasitic families of Santalales in the Andes. Their partial inflorescences (PIs) vary from solitary flowers, or dichasia in most Santalales, to congested floral groups along articles in most Viscaceae. The atypical articled inflorescences in Phoradendreae (Viscaceae), a phylogenetic novelty restricted to this tribe, have been variously described as racemes, spikes, fascicles, or as intercalary inflorescences, but no developmental studies have been performed to compare them with the construction of PIs across Santalales. METHODS We used standard light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy to record the inflorescence development in members of Phoradendreae (Viscaceae) in comparison to those in species of Aetanthus, Gaiadendron, Oryctanthus, Passovia, and Peristethium (Loranthaceae) and Antidaphne (Santalaceae). KEY RESULTS Morphological and developmental comparisons as well as optimization onto a phylogenetic framework indicate that individual inflorescences in Santalales are indeterminate and are formed by axillary cymose PIs. The latter correspond to dichasia, either simple, compound, or variously reduced by abortion of lateral flowers, abortion of the terminal flower, or loss of bracteoles. CONCLUSIONS Dichasia are plesiomorphic in Santalales. These results favor the interpretation that inflorescences in Phoradendreae are formed by the fusion of serial dichasia (=floral rows) with the main inflorescence axis via syndesmy. We compared this interpretation with the competing one based on the co-occurrence of collateral and serial floral buds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Favio González
- Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Facultad de Ciencias, Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Sede Bogotá, AA 7495, Colombia
| | - Natalia Pabón-Mora
- Universidad de Antioquia, Instituto de Biología, Medellín, AA 1226, Colombia
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Díaz Infante S, Lara C, Arizmendi MDC, Eguiarte LE, Ornelas JF. Reproductive ecology and isolation of Psittacanthus calyculatus and P. auriculatus mistletoes ( Loranthaceae). PeerJ 2016; 4:e2491. [PMID: 27703848 PMCID: PMC5045876 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.2491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2016] [Accepted: 08/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Relationships between floral biology and pollinator behavior are important to understanding species diversity of hemiparasitic Psittacanthus mistletoes (c. 120 species). We aimed to investigate trait divergence linked to pollinator attraction and reproductive isolation (RI) in two hummingbird-pollinated and bird-dispersed Psittacanthus species with range overlap. METHODS We investigated the phylogenetic relationships, floral biology, pollinator assemblages, seed dispersers and host usage, and the breeding system and female reproductive success of two sympatric populations of P. calyculatus and P. auriculatus, and one allopatric population of P. calyculatus. Flowers in sympatry were also reciprocally pollinated to assess a post-mating component of RI. RESULTS Hummingbird assemblages differed between calyculatus populations, while allopatric plants of calyculatus opened more but smaller flowers with longer lifespans and produced less nectar than those in sympatry. Bayesian-based phylogenetic analysis indicated monophyly for calyculatus populations (i.e. both populations belong to the same species). In sympatry, calyculatus plants opened more and larger flowers with longer lifespans and produced same nectar volume than those of auriculatus; populations shared pollinators but seed dispersers and host usage differed between species. Nectar standing crops differed between sympatric populations, with lower visitation in calyculatus. Hand pollination experiments indicated a predominant outcrossing breeding system, with fruit set after interspecific pollination two times higher from calyculatus to auriculatus than in the opposite direction. CONCLUSIONS Given the low genetic differentiation between calyculatus populations, observed trait divergence could have resulted from changes regarding the local communities of pollinators and, therefore, expected divergence for peripheral, allopatric populations. Using RI estimates, there were fewer heterospecific matings than expected by chance in P. calyculatus (RI4A = 0.629) as compared to P. auriculatus (RI4A = 0.20). When considering other factors of ecological isolation that affect co-occurrence, the RI4C values indicate that isolation by hummingbird pollinators was less effective (0.20) than isolation by host tree species and seed dispersers (0.80 and 0.60, respectively), suggesting that host usage is the most important ecological isolation factor between the two species. Accordingly, the absolute and relative cumulative strength values indicated that the host tree species' barrier is currently contributing the most to maintaining these species in sympatry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Díaz Infante
- Laboratorio de Ecología, UBIPRO, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlalnepantla de Baz, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Carlos Lara
- Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Tlaxcala, Tlaxcala, Mexico
| | - María del Coro Arizmendi
- Laboratorio de Ecología, UBIPRO, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlalnepantla de Baz, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Luis E. Eguiarte
- Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Distrito Federal, Mexico
| | - Juan Francisco Ornelas
- Departamento de Biología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología, A.C., Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Cocoletzi E, Angeles G, Ceccantini G, Patrón A, Ornelas JF. Bidirectional anatomical effects in a mistletoe-host relationship: Psittacanthus schiedeanus mistletoe and its hosts Liquidambar styraciflua and Quercus germana. Am J Bot 2016; 103:986-997. [PMID: 27307210 DOI: 10.3732/ajb.1600166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
PREMISE OF THE STUDY During the interactions between a parasitic plant and its host, the parasite affects its host morphologically, anatomically, and physiologically, yet there has been little focus on the effect of hosts on the parasite. Here, the functional interactions between the hemiparasitic mistletoe Psittacanthus schiedeanus and its hosts Liquidambar styraciflua and Quercus germana were interpreted based on the anatomical features of the vascular tissues. METHODS Using standard techniques for light and transmission electron microscopy, we studied the effects of P. schiedeanus on the phloem anatomy of Liquidambar styraciflua and Quercus germana and vice versa. KEY RESULTS The phloem of P. schiedeanus has larger sieve elements, companion cells, and sieve plate areas when it is parasitizing L. styraciflua than Q. germana; however, the parasite produces systemic effects on the phloem of its hosts, reducing the size of phloem in L. styraciflua but increasing it in Q. germana. Those seem to be the bidirectional effects. No direct connections between the secondary phloem of the parasite and that of its hosts were observed. Parenchymatic cells of L. styraciflua in contact with connective parenchyma cells of the parasite develop half-plasmodesmata, while those of Q. germana do not. CONCLUSIONS The bidirectional effects between the parasite and its hosts comprise modifications in secondary phloem that are potentially affected by the phenology of its hosts, a combination of hormonal agents such as auxins, and the symplasmic or apoplasmic pathway for solutes import.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eliezer Cocoletzi
- Red de Ecología Funcional, Instituto de Ecología, AC, Xalapa, Veracruz 91070 México
| | - Guillermo Angeles
- Red de Ecología Funcional, Instituto de Ecología, AC, Xalapa, Veracruz 91070 México
| | - Gregório Ceccantini
- Dept. de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-900, Brazil
| | - Araceli Patrón
- División de Biología Molecular, Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica, San Luis Potosí 78216 México
| | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Ornelas JF, Gándara E, Vásquez-Aguilar AA, Ramírez-Barahona S, Ortiz-Rodriguez AE, González C, Mejía Saules MT, Ruiz-Sanchez E. A mistletoe tale: postglacial invasion of Psittacanthus schiedeanus ( Loranthaceae) to Mesoamerican cloud forests revealed by molecular data and species distribution modeling. BMC Evol Biol 2016; 16:78. [PMID: 27071983 PMCID: PMC4830056 DOI: 10.1186/s12862-016-0648-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2015] [Accepted: 03/31/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ecological adaptation to host taxa is thought to result in mistletoe speciation via race formation. However, historical and ecological factors could also contribute to explain genetic structuring particularly when mistletoe host races are distributed allopatrically. Using sequence data from nuclear (ITS) and chloroplast (trnL-F) DNA, we investigate the genetic differentiation of 31 Psittacanthus schiedeanus (Loranthaceae) populations across the Mesoamerican species range. We conducted phylogenetic, population and spatial genetic analyses on 274 individuals of P. schiedeanus to gain insight of the evolutionary history of these populations. Species distribution modeling, isolation with migration and Bayesian inference methods were used to infer the evolutionary transition of mistletoe invasion, in which evolutionary scenarios were compared through posterior probabilities. RESULTS Our analyses revealed shallow levels of population structure with three genetic groups present across the sample area. Nine haplotypes were identified after sequencing the trnL-F intergenic spacer. These haplotypes showed phylogeographic structure, with three groups with restricted gene flow corresponding to the distribution of individuals/populations separated by habitat (cloud forest localities from San Luis Potosí to northwestern Oaxaca and Chiapas, localities with xeric vegetation in central Oaxaca, and localities with tropical deciduous forests in Chiapas), with post-glacial population expansions and potentially corresponding to post-glacial invasion types. Similarly, 44 ITS ribotypes suggest phylogeographic structure, despite the fact that most frequent ribotypes are widespread indicating effective nuclear gene flow via pollen. Gene flow estimates, a significant genetic signal of demographic expansion, and range shifts under past climatic conditions predicted by species distribution modeling suggest post-glacial invasion of P. schiedeanus mistletoes to cloud forests. However, Approximate Bayesian Computation (ABC) analyses strongly supported a scenario of simultaneous divergence among the three groups isolated recently. CONCLUSIONS Our results provide support for the predominant role of isolation and environmental factors in driving genetic differentiation of Mesoamerican parrot-flower mistletoes. The ABC results are consistent with a scenario of post-glacial mistletoe invasion, independent of host identity, and that habitat types recently isolated P. schiedeanus populations, accumulating slight phenotypic differences among genetic groups due to recent migration across habitats. Under this scenario, climatic fluctuations throughout the Pleistocene would have altered the distribution of suitable habitat for mistletoes throughout Mesoamerica leading to variation in population continuity and isolation. Our findings add to an understanding of the role of recent isolation and colonization in shaping cloud forest communities in the region.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Francisco Ornelas
- Departamento de Biología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología, A.C., Carretera antigua a Coatepec No. 351, El Haya, Xalapa, Veracruz, 91070, Mexico.
| | - Etelvina Gándara
- Departamento de Biología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología, A.C., Carretera antigua a Coatepec No. 351, El Haya, Xalapa, Veracruz, 91070, Mexico
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology & The University and Jepson Herbaria, University of California, Berkeley, 431 Koshland Hall, Berkeley, CA, 94270, USA
| | - Antonio Acini Vásquez-Aguilar
- Departamento de Biología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología, A.C., Carretera antigua a Coatepec No. 351, El Haya, Xalapa, Veracruz, 91070, Mexico
| | - Santiago Ramírez-Barahona
- Departamento de Biología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología, A.C., Carretera antigua a Coatepec No. 351, El Haya, Xalapa, Veracruz, 91070, Mexico
| | - Andrés Ernesto Ortiz-Rodriguez
- Departamento de Biología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología, A.C., Carretera antigua a Coatepec No. 351, El Haya, Xalapa, Veracruz, 91070, Mexico
| | - Clementina González
- Departamento de Biología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología, A.C., Carretera antigua a Coatepec No. 351, El Haya, Xalapa, Veracruz, 91070, Mexico
- Cátedras CONACYT-Instituto de Investigaciones sobre los Recursos Naturales, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Av. San Juanito Itzícuaro s/n, Col. Nueva Esperanza, Morelia, Michoacán, CP 58330, Mexico
| | - María Teresa Mejía Saules
- Departamento de Biología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología, A.C., Carretera antigua a Coatepec No. 351, El Haya, Xalapa, Veracruz, 91070, Mexico
| | - Eduardo Ruiz-Sanchez
- Centro Regional del Bajío, Instituto de Ecología, A.C., Avenida Lázaro Cárdenas 253, Pátzcuaro, Michoacán, 61600, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Pérez-Crespo MJ, Ornelas JF, Martén-Rodríguez S, González-Rodríguez A, Lara C. Reproductive biology and nectar production of the Mexican endemic Psittacanthus auriculatus ( Loranthaceae), a hummingbird-pollinated mistletoe. Plant Biol (Stuttg) 2016; 18:73-83. [PMID: 26154599 DOI: 10.1111/plb.12365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2015] [Accepted: 07/02/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Many mistletoe species produce 'bird'-pollinated flowers; however, the reproductive biology of the majority of these species has not been studied. Psittacanthus auriculatus is a Mexican endemic mistletoe, most common in open, dry mesquite grassland. Knowledge of the reproductive biology of P. auriculatus is essential for understanding species formation and diversification of Psittacanthus mistletoes, but it is currently poorly understood. Thus, we studied floral biology and phenology, nectar production and breeding system and pollination of this species. The hermaphroditic red-pink flowers open from the middle to the tip and petals are curly, but remain partially fused forming a floral tube of ca. 20-mm long. Flowers are partially protandrous, produce large amounts of nectar, last 2 days, and stigma receptivity is highest during the second day. We recorded hummingbirds (Cynanthus latirostris, Hylocharis leucotis, Amazilia beryllina, A. violiceps, Calothorax lucifer, Archilochus colubris) and less commonly butterflies (Agraulis vanillae, Anteos clorinde, Papilio multicaudatus, Phocides urania, Phoebis sennae) as floral visitors. P. auriculatus flowers are self-compatible. However, this mistletoe is an obligate animal-pollinated species, as the sensitive stigma avoids self-pollination. Under natural conditions, reproductive success was higher than in manually selfed or cross-pollinated flowers, likely due to the traplining foraging behaviour of hummingbirds. We suggest that the apparent efficient foraging behaviour of hummingbirds maintains gene flow among P. auriculatus, promoting outcrossing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M J Pérez-Crespo
- Departamento de Biología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología, A.C. (INECOL), Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico
- Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Tlaxcala, San Felipe Ixtacuixtla, Tlaxcala, Mexico
| | - J F Ornelas
- Departamento de Biología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología, A.C. (INECOL), Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico
| | - S Martén-Rodríguez
- Departamento de Biología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología, A.C. (INECOL), Centro Regional del Bajío, Pátzcuaro, Michoacán, Mexico
| | - A González-Rodríguez
- Laboratorio de Genética de la Conservación, Centro de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas (CIECO), UNAM, Morelia, Michoacán, Mexico
| | - C Lara
- Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Tlaxcala, San Felipe Ixtacuixtla, Tlaxcala, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Abstract
Background: Phragmanthera austroarabica A.G. Mill. and J. A. Nyberg is a semi parasitic plant belonging to family Loranthaceae. It was collected from Saudi Arabia. It is widely used in folk medicine among the kingdom in treatment of various diseases including diabetes mellitus. Objective: The total alcoholic extract of P. austroarabica collected from Saudi Arabia was investigated for the chemical structure and prominent biological activity of the main constituents. Materials and Methods: Isolation of the active constituents was performed using different chromatographic techniques including column chromatography packed with silica or sephadex and preparative thin layer chromatography. The structures of the isolated compounds were established based on different spectroscopic data as mass spectrum, one-dimensional and two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance (correlation spectroscopy, heteronuclear single quantum coherence, and heteronuclear multiple-bond correlation). Results: Phytochemical investigation of the plant resulted in isolation of 12 compounds. The isolated compounds were identified as chrysophanic acid, emodin, chrysophanic acid-8-O-glucoside, emodin-8-O-glucoside, pectolinarigenin, quercetin, dillenetin-3-O-glucoside, catechin, catechin-4’-O-gallate, methyl gallate, lupeol and ursolic acid. All the isolated phenolic compounds revealed significant free radical scavenging activities when tested using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl reagent. Conclusion: The antioxidant activities of the isolated compounds can justify the use of P. austroarabica in traditional medicine for treatment of diabetes and verify its possible application as an antihyperglycemic drug.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jihan M Badr
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Scalon MC, Rossatto DR, Domingos FMCB, Franco AC. Leaf morphophysiology of a Neotropical mistletoe is shaped by seasonal patterns of host leaf phenology. Oecologia 2015; 180:1103-12. [PMID: 26686200 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-015-3519-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2015] [Accepted: 11/24/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Several mistletoe species are able to grow and reproduce on both deciduous and evergreen hosts, suggesting a degree of plasticity in their ability to cope with differences in intrinsic host functions. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of host phenology on mistletoe water relations and leaf gas exchange. Mistletoe Passovia ovata parasitizing evergreen (Miconia albicans) hosts and P. ovata parasitizing deciduous (Byrsonima verbascifolia) hosts were sampled in a Neotropical savanna. Photosynthetic parameters, diurnal cycles of stomatal conductance, pre-dawn and midday leaf water potential, and stomatal anatomical traits were measured during the peak of the dry and wet seasons, respectively. P. ovata showed distinct water-use strategies that were dependent on host phenology. For P. ovata parasitizing the deciduous host, water use efficiency (WUE; ratio of photosynthetic rate to transpirational water loss) was 2-fold lower in the dry season than in the wet season; in contrast, WUE was maintained at the same level during the wet and dry seasons in P. ovata parasitizing the evergreen host. Generally, mistletoe and host diurnal cycles of stomatal conductance were linked, although there were clear differences in leaf water potential, with mistletoe showing anisohydric behaviour and the host showing isohydric behaviour. Compared to mistletoes attached to evergreen hosts, those parasitizing deciduous hosts had a 1.4-fold lower stomatal density and 1.2-fold wider stomata on both leaf surfaces, suggesting that the latter suffered less intense drought stress. This is the first study to show morphophysiological differences in the same mistletoe species parasitizing hosts of different phenological groups. Our results provide evidence that phenotypical plasticity (anatomical and physiological) might be essential to favour the use of a greater range of hosts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marina Corrêa Scalon
- Laboratório de Ecofisiologia Vegetal, Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade de Brasília, Caixa Postal 04457, Brasília, DF, 70904-970, Brazil.
| | - Davi Rodrigo Rossatto
- Laboratório de Ecologia Vegetal, Departamento de Biologia (FCAV), Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), UNESP Campus de Jaboticabal, Jaboticabal, SP, 14884-000, Brazil
| | | | - Augusto Cesar Franco
- Laboratório de Ecofisiologia Vegetal, Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade de Brasília, Caixa Postal 04457, Brasília, DF, 70904-970, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Robbins RK, Heredia MD, Busby RC. Male secondary sexual structures and the systematics of the Thereus oppia species group (Lepidoptera, Lycaenidae, Eumaeini). Zookeys 2015:109-30. [PMID: 26448715 PMCID: PMC4591724 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.520.10134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2015] [Accepted: 08/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The Thereusoppia species group includes species with and without a scent pad, which is a histologically and morphologically characterized male secondary sexual structure on the dorsal surface of the forewing. To assess the hypothesis that these structures are lost evolutionarily, but not regained (Dollo’s Law), the taxonomy of this species group is revised. Thereuslomalargasp. n., and Thereusbrockisp. n., are described. Diagnostic traits, especially male secondary structures, within the Thereusoppia species group are illustrated. Distributional and biological information is summarized for each species. Three species have been reared, and the caterpillars eat Loranthaceae. An inferred phylogeny is consistent with the hypothesis that scent pads in the Thereusoppia species group have been lost evolutionarily twice (in allopatry), and not re-gained.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robert K Robbins
- Department of Entomology, PO Box 37012, NHB Stop 105, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20013-7012 USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Ameer OZ, Salman IM, Quek KJ, Asmawi MZ. Loranthus ferrugineus: a Mistletoe from Traditional Uses to Laboratory Bench. J Pharmacopuncture 2015; 18:7-18. [PMID: 25830054 PMCID: PMC4379471 DOI: 10.3831/kpi.2015.18.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2014] [Revised: 12/22/2014] [Accepted: 12/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Loranthus ferrugineus (L. ferrugineus) from Loranthaceae, a mistletoe, is a medicinal herb used for a variety of human ailments. Traditionally, decoctions of this parasitic shrub have been mainly used to treat high blood pressure (BP) and gastrointestinal complaints; usage which is supported by experimental based pharmacological investigations. Nonetheless, there is still limited data available evaluating this plant’s traditions, and few studies have been scientifically translated toward evidence based phytomedicine. We therefore provide a concise review of the currently available L. ferrugineus literature and discuss potential directions for future areas of investigation. Methods: We surveyed available literature covering ethnopharmacological usage of L. ferrugineus and discussed relevant findings, including important future directions and shortcomings for the medicinal values of this parasitic shrub. Results: Evidence based pharmacological approaches significantly covered the medicinal application of L. ferrugineus for hypertension and gastrointestinal complaint management, with a particular focus on the active hydrophilic extract of this herb. Conclusion: Understanding the sites of action of this plant and its beneficial effects will provide justification for its use in old traditional treatments, and potentially lead to the development of therapies. Other medicinal applicative areas of this parasitic shrub, such as wound healing, gerontological effects, and antiviral and anticancer activities, are yet to be researched.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Omar Z Ameer
- The Australian School of Advanced Medicine, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia ; Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Minden, Malaysia
| | - Ibrahim M Salman
- The Australian School of Advanced Medicine, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia ; Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Minden, Malaysia
| | - Ko Jin Quek
- The Australian School of Advanced Medicine, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Mohd Z Asmawi
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Minden, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
González C, Harvey N, Ornelas JF. Development and characterization of microsatellite loci in the mistletoe Psittacanthus schiedeanus ( Loranthaceae). Appl Plant Sci 2015; 3:apps.1400099. [PMID: 25606357 PMCID: PMC4298235 DOI: 10.3732/apps.1400099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2014] [Accepted: 11/21/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED PREMISE OF THE STUDY Microsatellite primers were developed for the parasitic Psittacanthus schiedeanus, a common mistletoe species on cloud forest-adapted tree hosts in Mesoamerica, to investigate intraspecific genetic patterns of diversity and genetic structure. • METHODS AND RESULTS Using an enriched library, 10 polymorphic microsatellite loci were developed in P. schiedeanus. All loci consisted of dinucleotide repeats. Average alleles per locus were 12 (4-17), and a total of 120 alleles were recorded across 39 individuals from four populations in Mexico. Primers were tested in 11 additional species, but only amplified successfully in P. calyculatus and P. angustifolius. • CONCLUSIONS The polymorphic loci described will be useful in studies of genetic diversity and genetic population differentiation in natural populations of these parasitic plants, and will provide valuable information to understand the importance of host distribution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Clementina González
- Departamento de Biología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología, A.C., Xalapa, Veracruz 91070, Mexico
| | - Nick Harvey
- Genetic Marker Services, Brighton, United Kingdom
| | - Juan Francisco Ornelas
- Departamento de Biología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología, A.C., Xalapa, Veracruz 91070, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Veste M, Todt H, Breckle SW. Influence of halophytic hosts on their parasites-the case of Plicosepalus acaciae. AoB Plants 2014; 7:plu084. [PMID: 25515726 PMCID: PMC4305064 DOI: 10.1093/aobpla/plu084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2014] [Accepted: 11/23/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Halophytes develop various morphological and physiological traits that enable them to grow successfully on saline substrates. Parasitic plants on halophytic hosts may also encounter salt stress. We investigated the mistletoe Plicosepalus acaciae (syn: Loranthus acacia; Loranthaceae), which occurs on 5 halophytic and at least 10 non-halophytic hosts in the Southern Arava Valley (Israel). Plicosepalus acaciae is a common parasite north of Eilat to the Dead Sea area and in the Jordan Valley. Morphological and physiological responses of P. acaciae to salinity were investigated by comparison of plants on halophytic with those on non-halophytic hosts. Ion patterns of different host-parasite associations were determined as was the development of leaf succulence at different growth stages. The leaf water content of P. acaciae increased and leaves developed succulence when growing on halophytic hosts, especially on Tamarix species, where leaf water content was three times higher than that on non-halophytic hosts and the leaf volume increased four to five times. The reason for increased succulence was a higher ion concentration of, and osmotic adjustment with, Na(+) and Cl(-). Plicosepalus acaciae showed a high morphological and ecophysiological plasticity, enabling it to cope with salt stress, and can be classified as a facultative eu-halophyte, which increases its halo-succulence according to the host. Host-parasite associations are a model system for the investigation of halophytes under different salt stress conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maik Veste
- Department of Ecology, University of Bielefeld, Universitätsstraße 25, D-33615 Bielefeld, Germany Institute of Botany, University of Hohenheim, Garbenstrasse 30, D-70599 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Henning Todt
- Department of Ecology, University of Bielefeld, Universitätsstraße 25, D-33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Siegmar-W Breckle
- Department of Ecology, University of Bielefeld, Universitätsstraße 25, D-33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Sunil Kumar KN, Saraswathy A, Amerjothy S, Ravishankar B. Antimicrobial Potential of Helicanthus elastica (Desr.) Danser - A less explored Indian mistletoe Growing on Mango Trees. J Tradit Complement Med 2014; 4:258-62. [PMID: 25379468 PMCID: PMC4220504 DOI: 10.4103/2225-4110.126183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Helicanthus elastica (Desr.) Danser (Loranthaceae) is a less-known medicinally important mistletoe species occurring in India. It is used to check abortion, and also in vesical calculi and kidney affections. There are no detailed studies reporting the antimicrobial potential of this plant. Based on the traditional use and the rich phenolic composition of the whole plant, the antimicrobial property of the alcohol extract was analyzed and the results are outlined in the present paper. For the analysis, zone of inhibition, and minimum inhibitory concentration were used, and the total activity was assayed by standard methodologies. The antimicrobial activity was studied against bacteria like Aeromonas hydrophila, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Streptococcus pyogenes, Vibrio fischeri, and a fungus Candida albicans. Of the eight tested bacteria, the alcoholic extract of H. elastica was found to be active against K. pneumoniae, A. hydrophila, E. coli, and V. fischeri at concentration ranging from 250 to 500 μg/ml. C. albicans showed inhibition only at a concentration of 2000 μg/ml.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Koppala Narayana Sunil Kumar
- Department of Pharmacognosy, SDM Centre for Research in Ayurveda and Allied Sciences, Laxminarayana Nagar, Kuthpady, Udupi, Karnataka, India
| | - Ariyamuthu Saraswathy
- Department of Experimental Medicine, SDM Centre for Research in Ayurveda and Allied Sciences, Laxminarayana Nagar, Kuthpady, Udupi, Karnataka, India. ; Department of Chemistry, Captain Srinivasa Murthi Drug Research Institute for Ayurveda, Arignar Anna Govt. Hospital Campus, Arumbakkam, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Swaminathan Amerjothy
- Department of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Former Dean of Science, Presidency College (Autonomous), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Basaviah Ravishankar
- Department of Pharmacognosy, SDM Centre for Research in Ayurveda and Allied Sciences, Laxminarayana Nagar, Kuthpady, Udupi, Karnataka, India
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Sunil Kumar KN, Saraswathy A, Amerjothy S, Susan T, Ravishankar B. Total Phenol Content and In Vitro Antioxidant Potential of Helicanthus elastica (Desr.) Danser-A Less-explored Indian Mango Mistletoe. J Tradit Complement Med 2014; 4:285-8. [PMID: 25379473 PMCID: PMC4220509 DOI: 10.4103/2225-4110.130950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural products are an important source of antioxidant molecules like tannins, phenolic compounds, flavonoids, etc., Helicanthus elastica (Desr.) Danser (Loranthaceae) is one such plant belonging to the category of mistletoe, and grows commonly on the mango trees in India. In the present study, an attempt has been made to assess the antioxidant properties of the plant. Ethanol extract of H. elastica growing on mango tree was studied using different in vitro models. Shade-dried whole plant material was extracted with ethanol by cold percolation. Fifty milligrams of the alcohol extract of H. elastica was weighed and dissolved in 10 ml of methanol. The resultant 5 mg/ml solution was suitably diluted to obtain different concentrations. Total phenol content, reducing power assay, and scavenging of free radicals like nitric oxide, hydroxyl, hydrogen peroxide, and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl were studied by standardized in vitro chemical methods using ascorbic acid as the standard. The total phenol content of the plant was found to be 1.89% w/w. The extract showed good reducing power as well as scavenging of free radicals (nitric oxide, hydroxyl, superoxide anion, and hydrogen peroxide) at concentrations ranging from 5 to 100 μg/ml. The study revealed the antioxidant potential of H. elastica.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Koppala Narayana Sunil Kumar
- Department of Pharmacognosy, SDM Centre for Research in Ayurveda and Allied Sciences, Laxminarayana Nagar, Kuthpady, Udupi, Karnataka, India
| | - Ariyamuthu Saraswathy
- Department of Phytochemistry, Captain Srinivasa Murthi Drug Research Institute for Ayurveda (CCRAS), Arignar Anna Government Hospital Campus, Arumbakkam, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Swaminathan Amerjothy
- Department of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Former Dean of Science, Presidency College (Autonomous), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Thomas Susan
- Department of Biochemistry, Captain Srinivasa Murthi Drug Research Institute for Ayurveda (CCRAS), Arignar Anna Government Hospital Campus, Arumbakkam, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Basaviah Ravishankar
- Department of Experimental Medicine, SDM Centre for Research in Ayurveda and Allied Sciences, Laxminarayana Nagar, Kuthpady, Udupi, Karnataka, India
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Guerra TJ, Galetto L, Silva WR. Nectar secretion dynamic links pollinator behavior to consequences for plant reproductive success in the ornithophilous mistletoe Psittacanthus robustus. Plant Biol (Stuttg) 2014; 16:956-966. [PMID: 24641568 DOI: 10.1111/plb.12146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2013] [Accepted: 11/20/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The mistletoe Psittacanthus robustus was studied as a model to link flower phenology and nectar secretion strategy to pollinator behaviour and the reproductive consequences for the plant. The bright-coloured flowers presented diurnal anthesis, opened asynchronously throughout the rainy season and produced copious dilute nectar as the main reward for pollinators. Most nectar was secreted just after flower opening, with little sugar replenishment after experimental removals. During the second day of anthesis in bagged flowers, the flowers quickly reabsorbed the offered nectar. Low values of nectar standing crop recorded in open flowers can be linked with high visitation rates by bird pollinators. Eight hummingbirds and two passerines were observed as potential pollinators. The most frequent flower visitors were the hummingbirds Eupetomena macroura and Colibri serrirostris, which actively defended flowering mistletoes. The spatial separation between anthers, stigma and nectar chamber promotes pollen deposition on flapping wings of hovering hummingbirds that usually probe many flowers per visit. Seed set did not differ between hand-, self- and cross-pollinated flowers, but these treatments set significantly more seeds than flowers naturally exposed to flower visitors. We suggest that the limitation observed in the reproductive success of this plant is not related to pollinator scarcity, but probably to the extreme frequency of visitation by territorial hummingbirds. We conclude that the costs and benefits of plant reproduction depend on the interaction strength between flowers and pollinators, and the assessment of nectar secretion dynamics, pollinator behaviour and plant breeding system allows clarification of the complexity of such associations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T J Guerra
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Scalon MC, Haridasan M, Franco AC. A comparative study of aluminium and nutrient concentrations in mistletoes on aluminium-accumulating and non-accumulating hosts. Plant Biol (Stuttg) 2013; 15:851-857. [PMID: 23452024 DOI: 10.1111/j.1438-8677.2012.00713.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2012] [Accepted: 11/02/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Mistletoes offer a unique model to study interactions among Al and nutrients in vascular plants, because they grow and reproduce on hosts with distinct Al uptake strategies. We investigated Al distribution and nutrient relations of mistletoes on Al-accumulating and non-accumulating hosts. We hypothesised that mistletoes would exhibit similar leaf nutrient and Al concentrations as their host plants, but a strong compartmentalisation of Al when growing on Al-accumulators. We measured concentrations of N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn in leaves and Al in leaves, seeds and branches of Phthirusa ovata and Psittacanthus robustus infecting Miconia albicans, an Al-accumulator, and Ph. ovata infecting Byrsonima verbascifolia, a non-Al-accumulator. High leaf concentrations of Al in Ph. ovata only occurred while parasitizing the Al-accumulating host; there was no accumulation in branches or seeds. In P. robustus, large concentrations of Al were found in leaves, branches and seeds. Mistletoe seed viability and leaf nutrient concentrations were not affected by Al accumulation. Passive uptake of Al, Ca, Mg, Mn and Cu in mistletoes was evidenced by significant correlations between mistletoes and host leaf concentrations, but not of N, P and K. Al was retranslocated to different plant organs in P. robustus, whereas it was mostly restricted to leaves in Ph. ovata. We suggest that Al might have some specific function in P. robustus, which only parasitizes Al-accumulator hosts, while the host generalist Ph. ovata can be considered a facultative Al-accumulator.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M C Scalon
- Departamento de Ecologia, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Adesina SK, Illoh HC, Johnny II, Jacobs IE. African mistletoes ( Loranthaceae); ethnopharmacology, chemistry and medicinal values: an update. Afr J Tradit Complement Altern Med 2013; 10:161-70. [PMID: 24146518 PMCID: PMC3794408 DOI: 10.4314/ajtcam.v10i4.26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Mistletoes of the Loranthaceae and Viscaceae are hemiparasitic plants and their preparations in the form of injectable extracts, infusions, tinctures, fluid extracts or tea bags are widely used in various cultures in almost every continent to treat or manage various health problems including hypertension, diabetes mellitus, inflammatory conditions, irregular menstruations, menopause, epilepsy, arthritis, cancer, etc. The medicinal values of some species of Mistletoes (Loranthaceae) growing in the West African sub-region have been reviewed along with some considerations of their chemistries and local uses. These have been compared with Mistletoes (Loranthaceae and Viscaceae) growing elsewhere in Europe and Asia. This review has attempted to update our knowledge on the values of these hemi-parasites which belong to the genera - Globimetula, Phragmanthera, Agelanthus and Tapinanthus, and which have, for years, been seen as only devastating and notorious plants. They are also seen as epiphyting economic, ornamental and medicinal plants. The hemi-parasitic plants (Mistletoes) are not well understood as very little is known about their biology (taxonomy, host/plant relationship, ecology, toxicology, physiological characteristics, etc.) and chemistry (chemical constituents' profile). Some pharmacological studies carried out on the various crude alcoholic extracts and purified fractions have, however, revealed that mistletoes showed hypotensive, hypoglycaemic, antilipidaemic, anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, etc. effects and were non-toxic in experimental animals at the doses used. The findings showed that mistletoes can be very useful as medicinal agents in ameliorating health problems such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, arthritis, pain, cancer and a host of other ailments if properly studied and developed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simeon K Adesina
- Drug Research and Production Unit, Faculty of Pharmacy Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria ; Department of Pharmacognosy and Natural Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Uyo, Uyo, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|