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Tan M, Wang J, Chen Z, Xie X. Exploring global research trends in Chinese medicine for atherosclerosis: a bibliometric study 2012-2023. Front Cardiovasc Med 2024; 11:1400130. [PMID: 38952541 PMCID: PMC11216286 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2024.1400130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Background While Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) boasts an extensive historical lineage and abundant clinical expertise in addressing atherosclerosis, this field is yet to be penetrated adequately by bibliometric studies. This study is envisaged to evaluate the contemporary scenario of TCM in conjunction with atherosclerosis over the preceding decade while also identifying forthcoming research trends and emerging topics via the lens of bibliometric analysis. Methods Literature pertaining to TCM and atherosclerosis, circulated between January 1, 2012 and November 14, 2023, was garnered for the purpose of this research. The examination embraced annual publications, primary countries/regions, engaged institutions and authors, scholarly journals, references, and keywords, utilizing analytical tools like Bibliometrix, CiteSpace, ScimagoGraphica, and VOSviewer present in the R package. Result This field boasts a total of 1,623 scholarly articles, the majority of which have been contributed by China in this field, with significant contributions stemming from the China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine and the Beijing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine. Moreover, this field has received financial support from both the National Natural Science Foundation of China and the National Key Basic Research Development Program. Wang Yong tops the list in terms of publication count, while Xu Hao's articles take the lead for the total number of citations, positioning them at the core of the authors' collaborative network. The Journal of Ethnopharmacology leads with the most publications and boasts the greatest total number of citations. Principal research foci within the intersection of Chinese Medicine and Atherosclerosis encompass disease characteristics and pathogenic mechanisms, theoretical underpinnings and syndrome-specific treatments in Chinese medicine, potentialities of herbal interventions, and modulation exerted by Chinese medicines on gut microbiota. Conclusion This analysis offers a sweeping survey of the contemporary condition, principal foci, and progressive trends in worldwide research related to Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) and atherosclerosis. It further delves into an in-depth dissection of prominent countries, research institutions, and scholars that have made noteworthy strides in this discipline. Additionally, the report analyzes the most cited articles, research developments, and hotspots in the field, providing a reference for future research directions for clinical researchers and practitioners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moye Tan
- College of Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Jiuyuan Wang
- College of Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Zhengxin Chen
- College of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuejiao Xie
- College of Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
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Tian Y, Yao G, Skudder-Hill L, Xu G, Qian Y, Tang F, Wang Q, Bao Q, Li L. Gut microbiota's causative relationship with peripheral artery disease: a Mendelian randomization study. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1340262. [PMID: 38505559 PMCID: PMC10948605 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1340262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The relationship between gut microbiota and peripheral artery disease (PAD) remains understudied. While traditional risk factors like smoking and hyperlipidemia are well-understood, our study aims to determine the potential causative association of gut microbiota with PAD using Mendelian Randomization. Methods Data from the International MiBioGen Consortium and the FinnGen research project were used to study 211 bacterial taxa. Instrumental variables, comprising 2079 SNPs, were selected based on significance levels and linkage disequilibrium. Analyses were conducted utilizing the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method and other statistical MR techniques to mitigate biases, processed in R (v4.3.1) with the TwosampleMR package. Results Three bacterial taxa, namely genus Coprococcus2, RuminococcaceaeUCG004, and RuminococcaceaeUCG010, emerged as protective factors against PAD. In contrast, family. FamilyXI and the genus Lachnoclostridium and LachnospiraceaeUCG001 were identified as risk factors. Conclusion Our findings hint at a causative association between certain gut microbiota and PAD, introducing new avenues for understanding PAD's etiology and developing effective treatments. The observed associations now warrant further validation in varied populations and detailed exploration at finer taxonomic levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Tian
- Vascular Surgery Department, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
- School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Guanqun Yao
- School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | | | - Guangyang Xu
- Vascular Department, Beijing Hua Xin Hospital (1st Hospital of Tsinghua University), Beijing, China
| | - Yuxuan Qian
- Vascular Surgery Department, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Feng Tang
- Vascular Department, Beijing Hua Xin Hospital (1st Hospital of Tsinghua University), Beijing, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Vascular Department, Beijing Hua Xin Hospital (1st Hospital of Tsinghua University), Beijing, China
| | - Qianhui Bao
- School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Li
- School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Vascular Department, Beijing Hua Xin Hospital (1st Hospital of Tsinghua University), Beijing, China
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Yu Q, Zhang Y, Zeng W, Sun Y, Zhang X, Guo L, Zhang Y, Yu B, Guo M, Wang Y, Li H, Suo Y, Jiang X, Song L. Buyang Huanwu Decoction Alleviates Atherosclerosis by Regulating gut Microbiome and Metabolites in Apolipoprotein E-deficient Mice fed with High-fat Diet. JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION 2024; 67:88-102. [PMID: 38780293 DOI: 10.4103/ejpi.ejpi-d-23-00031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
ABSTRACT The traditional Chinese herbal prescription Buyang Huanwu decoction (BHD), effectively treats atherosclerosis. However, the mechanism of BHD in atherosclerosis remains unclear. We aimed to determine whether BHD could alleviate atherosclerosis by altering the microbiome-associated metabolic changes in atherosclerotic mice. An atherosclerotic model was established in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice fed high-fat diet, and BHD was administered through gavage for 12 weeks at 8.4 g/kg/d and 16.8 g/kg/d. The atherosclerotic plaque size, composition, serum lipid profile, and inflammatory cytokines, were assessed. Mechanistically, metabolomic and microbiota profiles were analyzed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and 16S rRNA gene sequencing, respectively. Furthermore, intestinal microbiota and atherosclerosis-related metabolic parameters were correlated using Spearman analysis. Atherosclerotic mice treated with BHD exhibited reduced plaque area, aortic lumen occlusion, and lipid accumulation in the aortic root. Nine perturbed serum metabolites were significantly restored along with the relative abundance of microbiota at the family and genus levels but not at the phylum level. Gut microbiome improvement was strongly negatively correlated with improved metabolite levels. BHD treatment effectively slows the progression of atherosclerosis by regulating altered intestinal microbiota and perturbed metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qun Yu
- School of Preclinical Medicine, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Yilin Zhang
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinghai, Tianjin, China
| | - Wenyun Zeng
- Oncology, Ganzhou People's Hospital, Ganzhou, China
| | - Yingxin Sun
- School of Faculty of Health and Exercise Science, Tianjin University of Sport, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaolu Zhang
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinghai, Tianjin, China
| | - Lin Guo
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinghai, Tianjin, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinghai, Tianjin, China
| | - Bin Yu
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinghai, Tianjin, China
| | - Maojuan Guo
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinghai, Tianjin, China
| | - Yu Wang
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinghai, Tianjin, China
| | - Huhu Li
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinghai, Tianjin, China
| | - Yanrong Suo
- Oncology, Ganzhou People's Hospital, Ganzhou, China
| | - Xijuan Jiang
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinghai, Tianjin, China
| | - Lili Song
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinghai, Tianjin, China
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Luo Q, Wei Y, Lv X, Chen W, Yang D, Tuo Q. The Effect and Mechanism of Oleanolic Acid in the Treatment of Metabolic Syndrome and Related Cardiovascular Diseases. Molecules 2024; 29:758. [PMID: 38398510 PMCID: PMC10892503 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29040758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndromes (MetS) and related cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) pose a serious threat to human health. MetS are metabolic disorders characterized by obesity, dyslipidemia, and hypertension, which increase the risk of CVDs' initiation and development. Although there are many availabile drugs for treating MetS and related CVDs, some side effects also occur. Considering the low-level side effects, many natural products have been tried to treat MetS and CVDs. A five-cyclic triterpenoid natural product, oleanolic acid (OA), has been reported to have many pharmacologic actions such as anti-hypertension, anti-hyperlipidemia, and liver protection. OA has specific advantages in the treatment of MetS and CVDs. OA achieves therapeutic effects through a variety of pathways, attracting great interest and playing a vital role in the treatment of MetS and CVDs. Consequently, in this article, we aim to review the pharmacological actions and potential mechanisms of OA in treating MetS and related CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quanye Luo
- Key Laboratory of Vascular Biology and Translational Medicine, Medical School, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China; (Q.L.); (Y.W.); (W.C.)
| | - Yu Wei
- Key Laboratory of Vascular Biology and Translational Medicine, Medical School, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China; (Q.L.); (Y.W.); (W.C.)
| | - Xuzhen Lv
- Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Bulk Herbs of Hunan Province, The School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China;
| | - Wen Chen
- Key Laboratory of Vascular Biology and Translational Medicine, Medical School, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China; (Q.L.); (Y.W.); (W.C.)
| | - Dongmei Yang
- Key Laboratory of Vascular Biology and Translational Medicine, Medical School, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China; (Q.L.); (Y.W.); (W.C.)
| | - Qinhui Tuo
- Key Laboratory of Vascular Biology and Translational Medicine, Medical School, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China; (Q.L.); (Y.W.); (W.C.)
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Ye J, Gong M, Zhang Y, Xu Q, Zhao J. Effects of Fermented Extracts of Wuniuzao Dark Loose Tea on Hepatic Sterol Regulatory Element-Binding Protein Pathway and Gut Microbiota Disorder in Obese Mice. J Nutr 2024; 154:626-637. [PMID: 38110182 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2023.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Artificially fermented dark loose tea is a type of novel dark tea prepared via fermentation by Eurotium cristatum. The effects of artificially fermented dark loose tea on lipid metabolism are still unclear. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to explore if artificially fermented dark loose tea has the same effects as naturally fermented dark loose tea in regulating hepatic lipid metabolism. METHODS Thirty-six 8-wk-old male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into 6 treatment groups, including normal control (NC), high-fat diet (HFD), positive control (PC), Wuniuzao dark raw tea (WDT), Wuniuzao naturally fermented dark loose tea (NFLT), and Wuniuzao artificially fermented dark loose tea (AFLT) groups. The HFD, PC, WDT, NFLT, and AFLT groups were fed a HFD. The PC group was supplemented with atorvastatin (10 mg/kg). The WDT group was supplemented with WDT (300 mg/kg), the NFLT group with NFLT (300 mg/kg), and the AFLT group with AFLT (300 mg/kg). RESULTS The study compared the effect of WDT, NFLT, and AFLT on liver steatosis and gut microbiota disorder in obese mice. All 3 tea extracts reduced body weight, glucose tolerance, and serum lipid concentrations. Via sterol-regulatory element binding protein (SREBP)-mediated lipid metabolism, all 3 tea extracts alleviated hepatic steatosis in mice with obesity. Furthermore, NFLT and AFLT intervened in the abundance of Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Clostridia, Muribaculaceae, and Lachnospiraceae. CONCLUSION In mice with obesity induced by a HFD, WDT, NFLT, and AFLT may improve hepatic steatosis through an SREBP-mediated lipid metabolism. Moreover, NFLT and AFLT improved the composition of gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangcheng Ye
- Key Laboratory of Specialty Agri-product Quality and Hazard Controlling Technology of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Food Nutrition and Quality Safety, College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mingxiu Gong
- Key Laboratory of Specialty Agri-product Quality and Hazard Controlling Technology of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Food Nutrition and Quality Safety, College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yifan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Specialty Agri-product Quality and Hazard Controlling Technology of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Food Nutrition and Quality Safety, College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qianqian Xu
- Key Laboratory of Specialty Agri-product Quality and Hazard Controlling Technology of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Food Nutrition and Quality Safety, College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jin Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Specialty Agri-product Quality and Hazard Controlling Technology of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Food Nutrition and Quality Safety, College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, China.
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Hou C, Jiang X, Sheng W, Zhang Y, Lin Q, Hong S, Zhao J, Wang T, Ye X. Xinmaikang (XMK) tablets alleviate atherosclerosis by regulating the SREBP2-mediated NLRP3/ASC/Caspase-1 signaling pathway. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 319:117240. [PMID: 37777030 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Xinmaikang (XMK) tablets, a Chinese patent medicine, have been used for the prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis (AS) clinically. However, the underlying mechanism of XMK is far from completely illustrated. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to determine whether XMK alleviates AS in Apolipoprotein E-knockout (ApoE-/-) mice and to explore the potential mechanism of action in bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs). MATERIALS AND METHODS XMK decoction was analyzed by an LC‒MS/MS assay. Molecular docking was conducted to determine the interaction of XMK molecular ligands and AS targets. In vivo, 10 ApoE-/- mice were selected as the control group. Fifty ApoE-/- mice were randomly divided into 5 groups: the model group, low-, medium-, and high-dose XMK groups and the simvastatin group. Mice in the control group were fed a chow diet, and the other 5 groups were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) for 12 weeks. After 12 weeks, the treatment groups were administered low-dose XMK (2.28·kg-1·d), medium-dose XMK (4.55·kg-1·d), high-dose XMK (9.1 kg-1 d) and simvastatin (91 mg-1 d) for another 12 weeks. Serum enzymology assays tested AST/ALT, Cr, LDH and CK-MB levels. The atherosclerotic plaques and lipid deposition were measured by Oil red O (ORO) staining and Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) staining. Then, we examined the body weight and serum lipids (TC, TG, LDL-C and HDL-C) of the mice. ELISA was performed to determine the levels of inflammatory factors (IL-6, TNF-ɑ, VCAM-1, CXCL8 and CCL2). SREBP2/NLRP3 signaling pathway-related genes (SREBP2, NLRP3, ASC, IL-1β and Caspase-1) were analyzed by RT‒qPCR and western blotting. In vitro, LPS-stimulated BMDMs were treated with different concentrations of XMK (1, 2.5, 5, 10, 20, and 40 μg/ml). Immunofluorescence staining (SREBP2, NLRP3), adenovirus infection and siRNA knockdown (SREBP2, NLRP3, Caspase-1 and ASC) were conducted as complements to the in vivo experiment. RESULTS Molecular docking showed a stable interaction between the effective components of XMK and SREBP2 and NLRP3. Serum enzymology assays revealed the medication safety of XMK in cardiac, hepatic and renal function. Studies in vivo indicated that XMK improved serum lipids (TC, TG, LDL-C and HDL-C) and reduced plaque area. Body weight decreased, and the expression of inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, TNF-ɑ and VCAM-1) was inhibited. Then, XMK downregulated the mRNA and protein expression of SREBP2, NLRP3, ASC, IL-1β and Caspase-1. In vitro, the above findings were reinforced in BMDMs, and knocking down SREBP2 restrained the effect of XMK on the NLRP3/ASC/Caspase-1 signaling pathway. CONCLUSIONS XMK restrains AS by improving inflammation through the SREBP2-mediated NLRP3/ASC/Caspase-1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chijun Hou
- Dongguan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dongguan, China
| | - Xinyue Jiang
- Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenjuan Sheng
- Dongguan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dongguan, China
| | - Yuling Zhang
- Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qianbei Lin
- Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shihan Hong
- Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiale Zhao
- Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ting Wang
- Dongguan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dongguan, China
| | - Xiaohan Ye
- Dongguan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dongguan, China.
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Du SB, Zhou HH, Xue ZP, Gao S, Li J, Meng Y, Zhao YJ, Wang PF, Li N, Bai JX, Bai JQ, Wang XP. Metagenomic sequencing revealed the regulative effect of Danshen and Honghua herb pair on the gut microbiota in rats with myocardial ischemia injury. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2024; 371:fnad133. [PMID: 38100390 DOI: 10.1093/femsle/fnad133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, more and more evidence has shown that the disorder of gut microbiota (GM) is closely correlated with myocardial ischemia (MI). Even though the Danshen and Honghua herb pair (DHHP) is widely used in treating cardiovascular disease in China and exhibits obvious clinical efficacy on MI, the anti-MI mechanism of DHHP remains and needs to be explored in depth. Thus, in this study, we investigated whether the amelioration effect and molecular mechanism of DHHP on MI were related to regulating GM through pharmacodynamics evaluation and metagenomic sequencing. Histopathological testing results showed that DHHP treatment could alleviate the pathological changes of myocardial tissue in the acute MI (AMI) rats induced by isoproterenol (ISO), especially structural disorder, irregular distribution, and enlargement of the myocardial space. These pathological changes were all alleviated to some extent by DHHP treatment. Biochemical analysis results suggested that compared with the control group, the serum levels of AST, CTn-I, CK-MB, and TNF-α in model group rats were notably decreased, and the CAT and SOD levels in serum were markedly increased. These abnormal trends were significantly reversed by DHHP treatment. Furthermore, metagenomic sequencing analysis results indicated that DHHP could improve disorders in the composition and function of GM in AMI rats, mainly reflected in increasing diversity and richness, and obviously enhancing the abundance of Bacteroides fluxus, B. uniformis, B. stercoris, Roseburia hominis, Schaedlerella arabinosiphila, and R. intestinalis, and reducing the abundance of Enterococcus avium and E. canintestini, which were associated with purine metabolism, tyrosine metabolism, cyanoamino acid metabolism, and glutathione metabolism. In conclusion, DHHP may attenuate ISO-induced MI by regulating the structure, composition, and function of GM, thus contributing to further our understanding of the anti-MI mechanisms of DHHP and providing new therapeutic ideas and diagnostic targets for the clinical studies of MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Bing Du
- College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712046, China
| | - Hui-Hui Zhou
- College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712046, China
| | - Zhi-Peng Xue
- College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712046, China
| | - Su Gao
- College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712046, China
| | - Jing Li
- College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712046, China
| | - Yi Meng
- College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712046, China
| | - Yi-Jun Zhao
- College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712046, China
| | - Peng-Fei Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712046, China
| | - Na Li
- College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712046, China
| | - Jia-Xin Bai
- Second Clinical College of Medicine, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150041, China
| | - Ji-Qing Bai
- College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712046, China
| | - Xiao-Ping Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712046, China
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Hsu C, Marx F, Guldenpfennig R, Valizadegan N, de Godoy MRC. The effects of hydrolyzed protein on macronutrient digestibility, fecal metabolites and microbiota, oxidative stress and inflammatory biomarkers, and skin and coat quality in adult dogs. J Anim Sci 2024; 102:skae057. [PMID: 38442226 PMCID: PMC10959486 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skae057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Research on protein hydrolysates has observed various properties and functionalities on ingredients depending on the type of hydrolysate. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of hydrolyzed chicken protein that was incorporated into diets on digestibility, gut health, skin and coat health, oxidative stress, and intestinal inflammation markers in healthy adult dogs. Five complete and balanced diets were manufactured: (1) CONd: 25% chicken meal diet; (2) 5% CLHd: 5% chicken liver and heart hydrolysate plus 20% chicken meal diet; (3) CLHd: 25% chicken liver and heart hydrolysate diet; (4) 5% CHd: 5% chicken hydrolysate plus 20% chicken meal diet; (5) CHd: 25% chicken hydrolysate diet. A replicated 5 × 5 Latin square design was used which included 10 neutered adult Beagles. Each of the 5 periods consisted of a 7-d washout time and a 28-d treatment period. All diets were well accepted by the dogs. Fecal butyrate concentration was higher while fecal isovalerate and total phenol/indole were lower in dogs fed CLHd than CONd (P < 0.05). Dogs fed CHd had higher fecal immunoglobulin A concentration when compared with CLHd (P < 0.05); however, both groups were comparable to the CONd. There was no difference among groups in serum cytokine concentrations, serum oxidative stress biomarkers, or skin and coat health analyses (P > 0.05). Fecal microbiota was shifted by CLHd with higher abundance in Ruminococcus gauvreauii group as well as lower Clostridium sensu stricto 1, Sutterella, Fusobacterium, and Bacteroides when compared with CONd (P < 0.05). There was also a difference in beta diversity of fecal microbiota between CLHd and CHd (P < 0.05). In conclusion, chicken protein hydrolysate could be incorporated into canine extruded diets as a comparable source of protein to traditional chicken meal. The test chicken protein hydrolysates showed the potential to support gut health by modulating immune response and microbiota; however, functional properties of protein hydrolysates are dependent on inclusion level and source.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clare Hsu
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Fabio Marx
- Kemin Industries, Inc., Des Moines, IA, 50317, USA
| | | | - Negin Valizadegan
- Roy J. Carver Biotechnology Center, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Maria R C de Godoy
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
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Alnaaim SA, Al-Kuraishy HM, Alexiou A, Papadakis M, Saad HM, Batiha GES. Role of Brain Liver X Receptor in Parkinson's Disease: Hidden Treasure and Emerging Opportunities. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:341-357. [PMID: 37606719 PMCID: PMC10791998 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03561-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease due to the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons (DNs) in the substantia nigra (SN). The liver X receptor (LXR) is involved in different neurodegenerative diseases. Therefore, the objective of the present review was to clarify the possible role of LXR in PD neuropathology. LXRs are the most common nuclear receptors of transcription factors that regulate cholesterol metabolism and have pleiotropic effects, including anti-inflammatory effects and reducing intracellular cholesterol accumulation. LXRs are highly expressed in the adult brain and act as endogenous sensors for intracellular cholesterol. LXRs have neuroprotective effects against the development of neuroinflammation in different neurodegenerative diseases by inhibiting the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines. LXRs play an essential role in mitigating PD neuropathology by reducing the expression of inflammatory signaling pathways, neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and enhancement of BDNF signaling.In conclusion, LXRs, through regulating brain cholesterol homeostasis, may be effectual in PD. Also, inhibition of node-like receptor pyrin 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) by LXRs could effectively prevent neuroinflammation in PD. Taken together, LXRs play a crucial role in PD neuropathology by inhibiting neuroinflammation and associated degeneration of DNs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saud A Alnaaim
- Clinical Neurosciences Department, College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Hofuf, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hayder M Al-Kuraishy
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutic Medicine, College of Medicine, ALmustansiriyiah University, Baghdad, 14132, Iraq
| | - Athanasios Alexiou
- Department of Science and Engineering, Novel Global Community Educational Foundation, Hebersham, NSW, 2770, Australia
- AFNP Med, 1030, Wien, Austria
| | - Marios Papadakis
- Department of Surgery II, University Hospital Witten-Herdecke, Heusnerstrasse 40, University of Witten-Herdecke, 42283, Wuppertal, Germany.
| | - Hebatallah M Saad
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Matrouh University, Marsa Matruh, 51744, Egypt
| | - Gaber El-Saber Batiha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, AlBeheira, 22511, Egypt
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Xing Z, Zhen Y, Chen J, Du M, Li D, Liu R, Zheng J. KPNA2 Silencing, Regulated by E3 Ubiquitin Ligase FBXW7, Alleviates Endothelial Dysfunction and Inflammation Through Inhibiting the Nuclear Translocation of p65 and IRF3: A Possible Therapeutic Approach for Atherosclerosis. Inflammation 2023; 46:2071-2088. [PMID: 37432596 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-023-01863-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS), characterized by a maladaptive inflammatory response, is one of the most common causes of death among the elderly. Karyopherin subunit alpha 2 (KPNA2), a member of the nuclear transport protein family, has been reported to play a pro-inflammatory role in various pathological processes by regulating the nuclear translocation of pro-inflammatory transcription factors. However, the function of KPNA2 in AS remains unknown. ApoE-/- mice were fed high-fat diets for 12 weeks to establish an AS mice model. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to establish an AS cell model. We found that KPNA2 was upregulated in the aortic roots of atherosclerotic mice and LPS-stimulated cells. KPNA2 knockdown inhibited LPS-induced secretion of pro-inflammatory factors and monocyte-endothelial adhesion in HUVECs, whereas KPNA2 overexpression exerted the opposite effects. p65 and interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3), the transcription factors known to regulate the transcription of pro-inflammatory genes, interacted with KPNA2, and their nuclear translocations were blocked following KPNA2 silencing. Furthermore, we found that KPNA2 protein level was decreased by E3 ubiquitin ligase F-box and WD repeat domain containing 7 (FBXW7), which was downregulated in the atherosclerotic mice. FBXW7 overexpression induced ubiquitination with subsequent proteasomal degradation of KPNA2. Meanwhile, the effects of KPNA2 deficiency on atherosclerotic lesions were further confirmed by in vivo experiments. Taken together, our study indicates that KPNA2 downregulation, regulated by FBXW7, may alleviate endothelial dysfunction and related inflammation in the progression of AS by suppressing the nuclear translocation of p65 and IRF3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeyu Xing
- Department of Radiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 39 Huaxiang Road, Shenyang, 110022, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanhua Zhen
- Department of Radiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 39 Huaxiang Road, Shenyang, 110022, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Radiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 39 Huaxiang Road, Shenyang, 110022, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingyang Du
- Department of Radiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 39 Huaxiang Road, Shenyang, 110022, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongdong Li
- Department of Radiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 39 Huaxiang Road, Shenyang, 110022, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruyin Liu
- Department of Radiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 39 Huaxiang Road, Shenyang, 110022, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiahe Zheng
- Department of Radiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 39 Huaxiang Road, Shenyang, 110022, Liaoning, People's Republic of China.
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Chen X, Zhang H, Ren S, Ding Y, Remex NS, Bhuiyan MS, Qu J, Tang X. Gut microbiota and microbiota-derived metabolites in cardiovascular diseases. Chin Med J (Engl) 2023; 136:2269-2284. [PMID: 37442759 PMCID: PMC10538883 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000002206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Cardiovascular diseases, including heart failure, coronary artery disease, atherosclerosis, aneurysm, thrombosis, and hypertension, are a great economic burden and threat to human health and are the major cause of death worldwide. Recently, researchers have begun to appreciate the role of microbial ecosystems within the human body in contributing to metabolic and cardiovascular disorders. Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that the gut microbiota is closely associated with the occurrence and development of cardiovascular diseases. The gut microbiota functions as an endocrine organ that secretes bioactive metabolites that participate in the maintenance of cardiovascular homeostasis, and their dysfunction can directly influence the progression of cardiovascular disease. This review summarizes the current literature demonstrating the role of the gut microbiota in the development of cardiovascular diseases. We also highlight the mechanism by which well-documented gut microbiota-derived metabolites, especially trimethylamine N-oxide, short-chain fatty acids, and phenylacetylglutamine, promote or inhibit the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases. We also discuss the therapeutic potential of altering the gut microbiota and microbiota-derived metabolites to improve or prevent cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
- Key Laboratory of Chronobiology (Sichuan University), National Health Commission of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
- Sichuan Birth Defects Clinical Research Center, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Sichong Ren
- Department of Nephrology, Clinical Medical College and The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan 610500, China
| | - Yangnan Ding
- Clinical Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Naznin Sultana Remex
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA
| | - Md. Shenuarin Bhuiyan
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA
- Department of Pathology and Translational Pathobiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA
| | - Jiahua Qu
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94117, USA
| | - Xiaoqiang Tang
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
- Key Laboratory of Chronobiology (Sichuan University), National Health Commission of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
- Sichuan Birth Defects Clinical Research Center, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
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12
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Lin A, He W. LINC01705 derived from adipocyte exosomes regulates hepatocyte lipid accumulation via an miR-552-3p/LXR axis. J Diabetes Investig 2023; 14:1160-1171. [PMID: 37415301 PMCID: PMC10512913 DOI: 10.1111/jdi.14050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS/INTRODUCTION High glucose increases the accumulation of lipid droplets in hepatocytes, which eventually results in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in patients with diabetes. However, the specific mechanism or communication between adipocyte and hepatocyte lipid metabolism is still ambiguous. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, exosomes released from human adipocytes were isolated and identified by their morphology, size, and marker proteins by using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA), and western blotting (WB). Gene expression was detected by qRT-PCR and WB. Lipid accumulation was determined by oil red O staining and analyses of total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG) content. RESULTS Our results showed that co-culture of HepG2 cells with adipocytes under high glucose conditions stimulated lipid deposition and LINC01705 expression in the HepG2 cells. Exosomes extracted from adipocytes cultured under high glucose conditions had higher levels of LINC01705 than exosomes extracted from adipocytes cultured under normal glucose conditions. Moreover, LINC01705 expression was also elevated in exosomes extracted from diabetes patients when compared with exosomes isolated from normal volunteers, and exosomes from patients who had diabetes complicated with fatty liver (DCFL) had the highest levels of LINC01705 expression. Treatment of HepG2 cells with exosomes extracted from high glucose-stimulated adipocytes promoted lipid deposition and LINC01705 expression in HepG2 cells. Further experiments showed that overexpression of LINC01705 promoted HepG2 lipid metabolism, while inhibition of LINC01705 had the opposite effect. Mechanistically, LINC01705 competitively bound to miR-552-3p, and treatment with miR-552-3p inhibitor reversed the effects induced by LINC01705 knockdown. Moreover, miR-552-3p was found to regulate the transcription activity of LXRα and thereby modulate lipid metabolism-related gene expression. CONCLUSIONS When taken together, our findings showed that high glucose increased the LINC01705 levels in adipocyte exosomes, and thereby improved HepG2 lipid accumulation via an miR-552-3p/LXR axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anhua Lin
- Department of Endocrinology, Jiangxi Provincial People's HospitalThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical CollegeNanchangJiangxi ProvinceChina
| | - Wenjing He
- Department of Endocrinology, Jiangxi Provincial People's HospitalThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical CollegeNanchangJiangxi ProvinceChina
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Wang Z, Wan Q, Xie B, Zhu Z, Xu X, Fu P, Liu R. Integrated network pharmacology and fecal metabolomic analysis of the combinational mechanisms of Shexiang Baoxin Pill against atherosclerosis. Mol Omics 2023; 19:653-667. [PMID: 37357557 DOI: 10.1039/d3mo00067b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
Shexiang Baoxin Pill (SBP) has an excellent therapeutic effect on atherosclerosis (AS), but the combinational mechanisms of SBP against AS remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the combinational mechanisms of SBP against AS by comprehensive network pharmacology and fecal metabolomic analysis. Bufonis venenum, one of the adjuvant medicines in SBP, is an animal medicine with a narrow therapeutic window. Considering animal protection, we evaluated the anti-AS effect of SBP without BV (SBP-BV) using ApoE-/- mouse models, culture cells, and metabolomic methods. Our data suggested that SBP showed remarkable anti-atherosclerotic effects through multiple targets and multiple pathways, while each component in SBP played different roles in their synergistic effect. Notably, SBP-BV showed comparable effects with SBP in the treatment of AS. Both SBP and SBP-BV could reduce cholesterol uptake in RAW264.7 cells and prevent the occurrence and development of AS in WD-induced ApoE-/- mice by attenuating the atherosclerotic plaque area, and reducing inflammatory cytokines and cholesterol levels in vivo. Our finding might provide new insights into the research and development of new anti-atherosclerosis drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhicong Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
- School of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, 350122, China
| | - Qianqian Wan
- Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200438, China.
| | - Bin Xie
- School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
| | - Zifan Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
- School of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, 350122, China
| | - Xike Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
| | - Peng Fu
- Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
| | - Runhui Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
- School of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, 350122, China
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Ji L, Song T, Ge C, Wu Q, Ma L, Chen X, Chen T, Chen Q, Chen Z, Chen W. Identification of bioactive compounds and potential mechanisms of scutellariae radix-coptidis rhizoma in the treatment of atherosclerosis by integrating network pharmacology and experimental validation. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 165:115210. [PMID: 37499457 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aims at investigating the potential targets and functional mechanisms of Scutellariae Radix-Coptidis Rhizoma (QLYD) against atherosclerosis (AS) through network pharmacology, molecular docking, bioinformatic analysis and experimental validation. METHODS The compositions of QLYD were collected from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform (TCMSP) and literature, where the main active components of QLYD and corresponding targets were identified. The potential therapeutic targets of AS were excavated using the OMIM database, DrugBank database, DisGeNET database, CTD database and GEO datasets. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network of common targets was constructed and visualized by Cytoscape 3.7.2 software. Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) analysis were performed to analyze the function of core targets in the PPI network. Molecular docking was carried out using AutoDockTools, AutoDock Vina, and PyMOL software to verify the correlation between the main components of QLYD and the core targets. Mouse AS model was established and the results of network pharmacology were verified by in vivo experiments. RESULTS Totally 49 active components and 225 corresponding targets of QLYD were obtained, where 68 common targets were identified by intersecting with AS-related targets. Five hub genes including IL6, VEGFA, AKT1, TNF, and IL1B were screened from the PPI network. GO functional analysis reported that these targets had associations mainly with cellular response to oxidative stress, regulation of inflammatory response, epithelial cell apoptotic process, and blood coagulation. KEGG pathway analysis demonstrated that these targets were correlated to AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complications, TNF signaling pathway, IL-17 signaling pathway, MAPK signaling pathway, and NF-kappa B signaling pathway. Results of molecular docking indicated good binding affinity of QLYD to FOS, AKT1, and TNF. Animal experiments showed that QLYD could inhibit inflammation, improve blood lipid levels and reduce plaque area in AS mice to prevent and treat AS. CONCLUSION QLYD may exert anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative stress effects through multi-component, multi-target and multi-pathway to treat AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingyun Ji
- First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong Province 250355, China
| | - Ting Song
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong Province 250011, China
| | - Chunlei Ge
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Linyi Tradition Chinese Medical Hospital, Linyi, Shandong Province 276600, China
| | - Qiaolan Wu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong Province 250355, China
| | - Lanying Ma
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong Province 250355, China
| | - Xiubao Chen
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong Province 250011, China
| | - Ting Chen
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong Province 250355, China
| | - Qian Chen
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong Province 250355, China
| | - Zetao Chen
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong Province 250011, China; Subject of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine,Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong Province 250355, China.
| | - Weida Chen
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong Province 250011, China.
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15
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Liu H, Zhang J, Yan X, An D, Lei H. The Anti-atherosclerosis Mechanism of Ziziphora clinopodioides Lam. Based On Network Pharmacology. Cell Biochem Biophys 2023; 81:515-532. [PMID: 37523140 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-023-01151-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the mechanisms underlying the effects of Ziziphora clinopodioides Lam. (ZCL) on atherosclerosis (AS) using network pharmacology and in vitro validation.We collected the active components of ZCL and predicted their targets in AS. We constructed the protein-protein interaction, compound-target, and target-compound-pathway networks, and performed GO and KEGG analyses. Molecular docking of the active components and key targets was constructed with Autodock and Pymol software. Validation was performed with qRT-PCR, ELISA, and Western blot.We obtained 80 components of ZCL. The network analysis identified that 14 components and 37 genes were involved in AS. Then, 10 key nodes in the PPI network were identified as the key targets of ZCL because of their importance in network topology. The binding energy of 8 components (Cynaroside, α-Spinasterol, Linarin, Kaempferide, Acacetin, Genkwanin, Chrysin, and Apiin) to 4 targets (MMP9, TP53, AKT1, SRC) was strong and <-1 kJ/mol. In addition, 13 of the 14 components were flavonoids and thus total flavonoids of Ziziphora clinopodioides Lam. (ZCF) were used for in vitro validation. We found that ZCF reduced eNOS, P22phox, gp91phox, and PCSK9 at mRNA and protein levels, as well as the levels of IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6 proteins in vitro (P < 0.05).We successfully predicted the active components, targets, and mechanisms of ZCL in treating AS using network pharmacology. We confirmed that ZCF may play a role in AS by modulating oxidative stress, lipid metabolism, and inflammatory response via Cynaroside, Linarin, Kaempferide, Acacetin, Genkwanin, Chrysin, and Apiin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbing Liu
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, 102488, Beijing, China
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xinjiang Medical University, 830011, Urumqi, China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Famous Prescription and Science of Formulas, 830011, Urumqi, China
| | - Jianxin Zhang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xinjiang Medical University, 830011, Urumqi, China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Famous Prescription and Science of Formulas, 830011, Urumqi, China
| | - Xuehua Yan
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, 102488, Beijing, China
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xinjiang Medical University, 830011, Urumqi, China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Famous Prescription and Science of Formulas, 830011, Urumqi, China
| | - Dongqing An
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xinjiang Medical University, 830011, Urumqi, China.
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Famous Prescription and Science of Formulas, 830011, Urumqi, China.
| | - Haimin Lei
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, 102488, Beijing, China.
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Lin W, Liu Y, Zhang S, Xu S, Qiu Q, Wang C, Liu D, Shen C, Xu M, Shi M, Xiao Y, Chen G, Xu H, Liang L. Schisandrin treatment suppresses the proliferation, migration, invasion, and inflammatory responses of fibroblast-like synoviocytes from rheumatoid arthritis patients and attenuates synovial inflammation and joint destruction in CIA mice. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 122:110502. [PMID: 37390648 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic autoimmune disease causing joint dysfunction. As disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) have poor efficacy in 20% to 25% of RA patients, additional novel RA medications are urgently needed. Schisandrin (SCH) has multiple therapeutic effects. However, whether SCH is effective against RA remains unknown. PURPOSE To investigate how SCH affects the abnormal behaviours of RA fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs) and further elucidate the underlying mechanism of SCH in RA FLSs and collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) mice. METHODS Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK8) assays were used to characterize cell viability. EdU assays were performed to assess cell proliferation. Annexin V-APC/PI assays were used to determine apoptosis. Transwell chamber assays were used to measure cell migration and invasion in vitro. RT-qPCR was used to assess proinflammatory cytokine and MMP mRNA expression. Western blotting was used to detect protein expression. RNA sequencing was performed to explore the potential downstream targets of SCH. CIA model mice were used to assess the treatment efficacy of SCH in vivo. RESULTS Treatments with SCH (50, 100, and 200 μΜ) inhibited RA FLSs proliferation, migration, invasion, and TNF-α-induced IL-6, IL-8, and CCL2 expression in a dose-dependent manner but did not affect RA FLSs viability or apoptosis. RNA sequencing and Reactome enrichment analysis indicated that SREBF1 might be the downstream target in SCH treatment. Furthermore, knockdown of SREBF1 exerted effects similar to those of SCH in inhibiting RA FLSs proliferation, migration, invasion, and TNF-α-induced expression of IL-6, IL-8, and CCL2. Both SCH treatment and SREBF1 knockdown decreased activation of the PI3K/AKT and NF-κB signalling pathways. Moreover, SCH ameliorated joint inflammation and cartilage and bone destruction in CIA model mice. CONCLUSION SCH controls the pathogenic behaviours of RA FLSs by targeting SREBF1-mediated activation of the PI3K/AKT and NF-κB signalling pathways. Our data suggest that SCH inhibits FLS-mediated synovial inflammation and joint damage and that SCH might have therapeutic potential for RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Lin
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong China
| | - Yingli Liu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong China
| | - Shuoyang Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong China
| | - Siqi Xu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong China
| | - Qian Qiu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong China
| | - Cuicui Wang
- Department of Rheumatology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong China
| | - Di Liu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong China
| | - Chuyu Shen
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong China
| | - Meilin Xu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong China
| | - Maohua Shi
- Department of Rheumatology, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, Guangdong China
| | - Youjun Xiao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong China
| | - Guoqiang Chen
- Department of Rheumatology, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, Guangdong China.
| | - Hanshi Xu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong China.
| | - Liuqin Liang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong China.
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Gu YY, Cui XB, Jiang J, Zhang YX, Liu MH, Cheng SB, Li YY, Liu LL, Liao RX, Zhao P, Jin W, Jia YH, Wang J, Zhou FH. Dingxin recipe Ⅲ ameliorates hyperlipidemia injury in SD rats by improving the gut barrier, particularly the SCFAs/GPR43 pathway. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 312:116483. [PMID: 37059245 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Dingxin Recipe Ⅲ (DXR Ⅲ) is a traditional Chinese medicine compound used for hyperlipidemia treatment in clinical practice. However, its curative effects and pharmacological mechanisms in hyperlipidemia have not been clarified to date. AIM OF THE STUDY Studies have demonstrated that gut barrier was strongly implicated in lipid deposition. Based on gut barrier and lipid metabolism, this study examined the effects and molecular mechanisms of DXR Ⅲ in hyperlipidemia. MATERIALS AND METHODS The bioactive compounds of DXR Ⅲ were detected by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry, and its effects were evaluated in high-fat diet-fed rats. Specifically, the serum levels of lipids and hepatic enzymes were measured using the appropriate kits; colon and liver sections were obtained for histological analyses; gut microbiota and metabolites were analyzed by 16S rDNA sequencing and liquid chromatography-MS/MS; and the expression of genes and proteins was determined by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blotting and immunohistochemistry, respectively. The pharmacological mechanisms of DXR Ⅲ were further explored by fecal microbiota transplantation and short-chain fatty acid (SCFAs)-based interventions. RESULTS DXR Ⅲ treatment significantly downregulated serum lipid levels, mitigated hepatocyte steatosis and improved lipid metabolism. Moreover, DXR Ⅲ improved the gut barrier, specifically by improving the physical barrier in the colon, causing part composition changes in the gut microbiota, and increasing the serum SCFAs level. DXR Ⅲ also upregulated the expression of colon GPR43/GPR109A. Fecal microbiota transplantation from rats treated with DXR Ⅲ downregulated part hyperlipidemia-related phenotypes, while the SCFAs intervention significantly improved most of the hyperlipidemia-related phenotypes and upregulated the expression of GPR43. Moreover, both DXR Ⅲ and SCFAs upregulated the expression of colon ABCA1. CONCLUSION DXR Ⅲ protects against hyperlipidemia by improving the gut barrier, particularly the SCFAs/GPR43 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Yan Gu
- Third Level Research Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China; School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Xiao-Bing Cui
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China; Department of Cardiology, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510315, China
| | - Jing Jiang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Ya-Xin Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Meng-Hua Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Sai-Bo Cheng
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Yu-Ye Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Lin-Ling Liu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Rong-Xin Liao
- Center of TCM Preventive Treatment, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510315, China
| | - Peng Zhao
- Center of TCM Preventive Treatment, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510315, China
| | - Wen Jin
- Department of Cardiac Intensive Care Unit, Cardiovascular Hospital, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, 510317, China
| | - Yu-Hua Jia
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
| | - Jing Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
| | - Feng-Hua Zhou
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China; Center of TCM Preventive Treatment, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510315, China.
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18
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Zhou J, Lu N, Lv X, Wang X, Li J, Ke L. Role of Huangqin Decoction in Intestinal Homeostasis and Colon Carcinogenesis Based on "SREBP1 Cholesterol Metabolism Treg Cell Differentiation". EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2023; 2023:6715978. [PMID: 37305690 PMCID: PMC10250094 DOI: 10.1155/2023/6715978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Objective To explore the role of Huangqin Decoction in intestinal homeostasis maintenance and colon carcinogenesis based on "sterol regulatory element binding protein-1c (SREBP-1)-cholesterol metabolism regulatory T cell (Treg) differentiation." Methods It was decided to utilize a total of 50 healthy Wistar rats for the study, 20 of which were chosen at random to serve as controls, and 30 of which were used to create an intestinal homeostasis imbalance model. It was determined whether or not the modeling was successful by killing 10 rats from each of the two groups. The remaining 10 rats in the normal group were then employed as the control group for the experiment. The random number table method was used to split the rats into two groups: the Huangqin Decoction (n = 10) and the Natural Recovery (n = 10) groups. For seven days, participants in the Huangqin Decoction group received the herb, whereas those in the natural healing group received normal saline. The relative density of SREBP1, the levels of cholesterol ester (CE), free cholesterol (FC), total cholesterol (TC), and Treg cells were detected and compared. Results When compared to the control group, the relative density of SREBP1 increased significantly before administration in the Huangqin Decoction group and the natural recovery group, but decreased significantly after administration, with statistical significance (P < 0.05) in the Huangqin Decoction group and the natural recovery group; the Huangqin Decoction group and natural recovery group had significantly higher levels of CE, FC, and TC than the control group before to administration, and these levels increased significantly after administration. CE, FC, and TC levels in Huangqin Decoction and natural recovery groups were much lower than those in natural recovery groups, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05), according to the results; Prior to administration, Treg cell levels in Huangqin Decoction group and the natural recovery group were significantly higher, and Treg cell levels in the Huangqin Decoction group and natural recovery group were significantly lower after administration; the decrease in the Huangqin Decoction group was significantly greater than that in natural recovery group. P < 0.05 indicated that the difference was significant. Conclusion Using Huangqin Decoction, one may efficiently regulate SREBP1, cholesterol metabolism, and Treg cell development, all of which play an important role in maintaining intestinal stability and minimizing the incidence of colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junde Zhou
- Ward 3 of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No. 246 Xuefu Road, Nangang District, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Nannan Lu
- Department of Pathology, Bei'an First People's Hospital, No. 222, Longjiang Road, Bei'an 164099, China
| | - Xinxin Lv
- Department of Oncology, Beidahuang Industry Group General Hospital, No. 235, Hashuang Road, Nangang District, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Oncology, Beidahuang Industry Group General Hospital, No. 235, Hashuang Road, Nangang District, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Oncology, Beidahuang Industry Group General Hospital, No. 235, Hashuang Road, Nangang District, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Lixia Ke
- Department of Oncology, Beidahuang Industry Group General Hospital, No. 235, Hashuang Road, Nangang District, Harbin 150001, China
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Chen Y, Wang J, Xu J, Zhang J, Xu S, Zhang Q, Huang J, Peng J, Xu H, Du Q, Gong Z. Fabrication of a Polysaccharide-Protein/Protein Complex Stabilized Oral Nanoemulsion to Facilitate the Therapeutic Effects of 1,8-Cineole on Atherosclerosis. ACS NANO 2023; 17:9090-9109. [PMID: 37172004 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c12230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS) is a systemic disease characterized by lipid deposition in the blood vessel wall that urgently requires effective and safe therapeutic drugs for long-term treatment. An essential oil monomer-1,8-cineole (CIN) with ameliorative effects on vascular injuries has considerable potential for preventing the progression of AS because of its antioxidant, anti-inflammation, and cholesterol regulatory effects. However, the high volatility and instability of CIN result in low oral bioavailability and a short half-life, thereby limiting its clinical application. We formulated a nanoemulsion using a polysaccharide-protein/protein complex (dextran-bovine serum albumin/protamine, DEX5k-BSA/PTM) as an emulsifier, with vitamin B12 (VB12) as the ligand to facilitate the transportation across the small intestine. An emulsion preparation method using a microjet followed by ultraviolet irradiation was developed to obtain the CIN-loaded oral nanoemulsion CIN@DEX5k-BSA/PTM/VB12. The nanoemulsion improved the stability of CIN both in vitro and in vivo, prolonged the retention time in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT), and enhanced the permeability across the mucus layer and intestinal epithelial cells to increase oral bioavailability and plaque accumulation of CIN. Validated in an AS mouse model, CIN@DEX5k-BSA/PTM/VB12 achieved prominent therapeutic efficacy combating AS. This study highlights the advantages of DEX5k-BSA/PTM and VB12 in the development of nanoemulsions for CIN and provides a promising oral nanoplatform for the delivery of essential oils.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Haiyu Xu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
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Xuan X, Zhang J, Fan J, Zhang S. Research progress of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) in targeting inflammation and lipid metabolism disorder for arteriosclerosis intervention: A review. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e33748. [PMID: 37144986 PMCID: PMC10158879 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000033748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS) is a chronic disease caused by inflammation and lipid deposition. Immune cells are extensively activated in the lesions, producing excessive pro-inflammatory cytokines, which accompany the entire pathological process of AS. In addition, the accumulation of lipid-mediated lipoproteins under the arterial intima is a crucial event in the development of AS, leading to vascular inflammation. Improving lipid metabolism disorders and inhibiting inflammatory reactions are the primary treatment methods currently used in medical practice to delay AS progression. With the development of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), more mechanisms of action of the monomer of TCM, Chinese patent medicine, and compound prescription have been studied and explored. Research has shown that some Chinese medicines can participate in treating AS by targeting and improving lipid metabolism disorders and inhibiting inflammatory reactions. This review explores the research on Chinese herbal monomers, compound Chinese medicines, and formulae that improve lipid metabolism disorders and inhibit inflammatory reactions to provide new supplements for treating AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Xuan
- First School of Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Jingyi Zhang
- First School of Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Jilin Fan
- First School of Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Shiliang Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
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Zhong X, Zhao Y, Huang L, Liu J, Wang K, Gao X, Zhao X, Wang X. Remodeling of the gut microbiome by Lactobacillus johnsonii alleviates the development of acute myocardial infarction. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1140498. [PMID: 36970663 PMCID: PMC10030800 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1140498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
IntroductionThe gut microbial community, which can be disturbed or repaired by changes in the internal environment, contributes to the development of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Gut probiotics play a role in microbiome remodeling and nutritional intervention post-AMI. A newly isolated Lactobacillus johnsonii strain EU03 has shown potential as a probiotic. Here, we investigated the cardioprotective function and mechanism of L. johnsonii through gut microbiome remodeling in AMI rats.MethodsA rat model of left anterior descending coronary artery ligation (LAD)-mediated AMI was assessed with echocardiography, histology, and serum cardiac biomarkers to evaluate the beneficial effects of L. johnsonii. The immunofluorescence analysis was utilized to visualize the intestinal barrier changes. Antibiotic administration model was used for assessing the gut commensals’ function in the improvement of cardiac function post-AMI. The underlying beneficial mechanism through L. johnsonii enrichment was further investigated by metagenomics and metabolomics analysis.ResultsA 28-day treatment with L. johnsonii protected cardiac function, delayed cardiac pathology, suppressed myocardial injury cytokines, and improved gut barrier integrity. The microbiome composition was reprogrammed by enhancing the abundance of L. johnsonii. Microbiome dysbiosis by antibiotics abrogated the improvement of cardiac function post-AMI by L. johnsonii. L. johnsonii enrichment caused remodeling of gut microbiome by increasing the abundance of Muribaculaceae, Lactobacillus, and decreasing Romboutsia, Clostridia UCG-014, which were correlated with cardiac traits and serum metabolic biomarkers 16,16-dimethyl-PGA2, and Lithocholate 3-O-glucuronide.ConclusionThese findings reveal that gut microbiome remodeling by L. johnsonii ameliorates the cardiac function post-AMI and might advance microbiome-targeted nutritional intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinqin Zhong
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yucui Zhao
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Lu Huang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Jiarui Liu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Kaiyue Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiumei Gao
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- *Correspondence: Xiumei Gao,
| | - Xin Zhao
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Xin Zhao,
| | - Xiaoying Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Xiaoying Wang,
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Jia A, Shi Y, Zhang Y, Diao Y, Chang B, Jiang M, Liu W, Qiu Z, Fu C, Qiu Y. Butanol Extract of Acanthopanax senticosus (Rupr. et Maxim.) Harms Alleviates Atherosclerosis in Apolipoprotein E-Deficient Mice Fed a High-Fat Diet. Chem Biodivers 2023; 20:e202200949. [PMID: 36869005 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202200949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the effect of butanol extract of AS (ASBUE) on atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE-/-) mice. The mice were administered ASBUE (390 or 130 mg/kg/day) or rosuvastatin (RSV) via oral gavage for eight weeks. In ApoE-/- mice, ASBUE suppressed the abnormal body weight gain and improved serum and liver biochemical indicators. ASBUE remarkably reduced the aortic plaque area, improved liver pathological conditions, and lipid metabolism abnormalities, and altered the intestinal microbiota structure in ApoE-/- mice. In the vascular tissue of ASBUE-treated mice, P-IKKβ, P-NFκB, and P-IκBα levels tended to decrease, while IκB-α increased in high fat-diet-fed atherosclerotic mice. These findings demonstrated the anti-atherosclerotic potential of ASBUE, which is mediated by the interaction between the gut microbiota and lipid metabolism and regulated via the Nuclear Factor-kappa B (NF-κB) pathway. This work paves the groundwork for subsequent studies to develop innovative drugs to treat atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ailing Jia
- Pharmacy College of, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, China.,Pharmacy College of, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Yuwen Shi
- Pharmacy College of, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Yuhang Zhang
- Pharmacy College of, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, China
| | - Yuanyuan Diao
- Pharmacy College of, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, China
| | - Baijin Chang
- Pharmacy College of, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, China
| | - Mengcheng Jiang
- Pharmacy College of, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, China
| | - Weipeng Liu
- Pharmacy College of, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, China
| | - Zhidong Qiu
- Pharmacy College of, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, China
| | - Chaomei Fu
- Pharmacy College of, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Ye Qiu
- Pharmacy College of, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, China
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23
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Centner AM, Khalili L, Ukhanov V, Kadyan S, Nagpal R, Salazar G. The Role of Phytochemicals and Gut Microbiome in Atherosclerosis in Preclinical Mouse Models. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15051212. [PMID: 36904211 PMCID: PMC10005405 DOI: 10.3390/nu15051212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Gut microbiome alterations have recently been linked to many chronic conditions including cardiovascular disease (CVD). There is an interplay between diet and the resident gut microbiome, where the food eaten affects populations of certain microbes. This is important, as different microbes are associated with various pathologies, as they can produce compounds that are disease-promoting or disease-protecting. The Western diet negatively affects the host gut microbiome, ultimately resulting in heightened arterial inflammation and cell phenotype changes as well as plaque accumulation in the arteries. Nutritional interventions including whole foods rich in fiber and phytochemicals as well as isolated compounds including polyphenols and traditional medicinal plants show promise in positively influencing the host gut microbiome to alleviate atherosclerosis. This review investigates the efficacy of a vast array of foods and phytochemicals on host gut microbes and atherosclerotic burden in mice. Reduction in plaque by interventions was associated with increases in bacterial diversity, reduction in the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes (F/B) ratio, and upregulation of Akkermansia. Upregulation in CYP7 isoform in the liver, ABC transporters, bile acid excretion, and the level of acetic acid, propionic acid, and butyric acid were also noted in several studies reducing plaque. These changes were also associated with attenuated inflammation and oxidative stress. In conclusion, an increase in the abundance of Akkermansia with diets rich in polyphenols, fiber, and grains is likely to reduce plaque burden in patients suffering from CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann M. Centner
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA
| | - Leila Khalili
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA
| | - Vladimir Ukhanov
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA
| | - Saurabh Kadyan
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA
| | - Ravinder Nagpal
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA
| | - Gloria Salazar
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA
- Correspondence:
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Lai KM, Chen SY, Wang GY, Shahidi F, Yen GC. Protective effect of rosmarinic acid-rich extract from Trichodesma khasianum Clarke against microbiota dysbiosis in high-fat diet-fed obese mice. Food Res Int 2023; 164:112344. [PMID: 36737936 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.112344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Hypertrophy of adipose tissues and dysbiosis are hallmarks of obesity. Although drugs are applied for obesity treatment, side effects limit their use. The anti-obesity capacity of rosmarinic acid (RA) has been documented. Trichodesma khasianum Clarke is an edible RA-rich plant grown in Taiwan. Our previous study found that an 80 % ethanol extract of T. khasianum Clarke leaves (80EETC) ameliorates gastric mucosal damage through its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and microbiota modulation abilities. However, the anti-obesity effect of 80EETC remains unclear. Therefore, the objective of this study was to explore the protective effects of low-dose 80EETC (125 mg/kg b.w., 80EETCL) or high-dose 80EETC (250 mg/kg b.w., 80EETCH) on obesity development through gut microbiota modulation in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced C57BL/6 mice. The results showed a high RA content (89.2 ± 7.4 mg/g) in 80EETC. 80EETC administration significantly decreased body weight, body fat ratio, serum lipid levels (TC, TG, and LDL-C), adipose tissue accumulation, malondialdehyde (MDA), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in HFD-fed mice. Furthermore, supplementation with 80EETC reduced the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio and enhanced the relative abundance of gut microbiota (p_Bacteroidetes, f_Lactobacillus, f_Muribaculaceae, f_Prevotellaceae, g_Lactobacillus, g_Prevotellaceae_NK3B31_group, g_Ruminococcaceae_UCG-013, and g_Ruminococcaceae_UCG-014), which negatively correlated with obesity-related factors such as body weight, energy intake, fat accumulation in adipose tissue, TC, TG, LDL, and MDA. In conclusion, RA-rich 80EETC had a protective effect against obesity development and it has potential in healthy food applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke-Mei Lai
- Graduate Institute of Food Safety, National Chung Hsing University, 145 Xingda Road, Taichung, 40227, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Yi Chen
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, 145 Xingda Road, Taichung 40227, Taiwan
| | - Guan-Yu Wang
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, 145 Xingda Road, Taichung 40227, Taiwan
| | - Fereidoon Shahidi
- Department of Biochemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St John's, NL, Canada A1C 5S7
| | - Gow-Chin Yen
- Graduate Institute of Food Safety, National Chung Hsing University, 145 Xingda Road, Taichung, 40227, Taiwan; Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, 145 Xingda Road, Taichung 40227, Taiwan.
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25
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Zhao N, Wang Y, Ma Y, Liang X, Zhang X, Gao Y, Dong Y, Bai D, Hu J. Jia-Wei-Si-Miao-Yong-An decoction modulates intestinal flora and metabolites in acute coronary syndrome model. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 9:1038273. [PMID: 36684592 PMCID: PMC9845626 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.1038273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims We assessed the efficacy of the traditional Chinese medicine formulation Jia-Wei-Si-Miao-Yong-An decoction (HJ11) in the treatment of acute coronary syndrome and evaluated its impact on the intestinal microbiota and their metabolites. Methods An acute coronary syndrome model was established in rats, which were randomly assigned to the model, HJ11 treatment, and atorvastatin treatment groups. Rats were then administered saline solution (model and sham operation control groups) or drugs by oral gavage for 28 d. Echocardiography was performed and serum creatine kinase-MB and cardiac troponin I levels were monitored to examine the cardiac function. Inflammation was evaluated using hematoxylin and eosin staining of heart tissue, and serum interleukin-2, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor alpha, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein measurements. Gut microbiota composition was analyzed via 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Metabolomics was used to determine fecal metabolites and elucidate the modes of action of HJ11 in acute coronary syndrome treatment. Results HJ11 improved cardiac function and attenuated inflammation in rats with acute coronary syndrome. Relative to the untreated model group, the HJ11-treated group presented normalized Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio and reduced abundances of the bacterial genera norank_f__Ruminococcaceae, Desulfovibrio, Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1, Adlercreutzia, Staphylococcus, Bacteroides, Prevotella, Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group, unclassified_o__Bacteroidales, and Ruminococcus_gauvreauii_group. We found 23 differentially expressed intestinal metabolites, and the enriched metabolic pathways were mainly related to amino acid metabolism. We also discovered that asymmetric dimethylarginine levels were strongly associated with cardiovascular disease. Correlation analyses revealed strong associations among intestinal microflora, their metabolites, proinflammatory factors, and cardiac function. Hence, the therapeutic effects of HJ11 on acute coronary syndrome are related to specific alterations in gut microbiota and their metabolites. Conclusion This work demonstrated that HJ11 effectively treats acute coronary syndrome. HJ11 seems to increase the abundance of beneficial bacterial taxa (Bacteroides and Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group), mitigate the risk factors associated with cardiovascular disease, alter bacterial metabolites, lower asymmetric dimethylarginine levels, and effectively treat acute coronary syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Zhao
- Formula-Syndrome Research Center, Institute of Basic Theory for Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China,Department of Pharmacy, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Formula-Syndrome Research Center, Institute of Basic Theory for Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Ma
- Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Vienna General Hospital, Center of Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Xiaoxue Liang
- Formula-Syndrome Research Center, Institute of Basic Theory for Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xi Zhang
- Formula-Syndrome Research Center, Institute of Basic Theory for Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Gao
- Formula-Syndrome Research Center, Institute of Basic Theory for Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yingying Dong
- Formula-Syndrome Research Center, Institute of Basic Theory for Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Dong Bai
- Formula-Syndrome Research Center, Institute of Basic Theory for Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China,*Correspondence: Dong Bai ✉
| | - Jingqing Hu
- Formula-Syndrome Research Center, Institute of Basic Theory for Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China,Jingqing Hu ✉ gcp306@126com
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Zeng J, Yang K, Nie H, Yuan L, Wang S, Zeng L, Ge A, Ge J. The mechanism of intestinal microbiota regulating immunity and inflammation in ischemic stroke and the role of natural botanical active ingredients in regulating intestinal microbiota: A review. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 157:114026. [PMID: 36436491 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.114026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Intestinal microbiota is a unique ecosystem, known as the "second genome" of human beings. With the widespread application of next generation sequencing (NGS), especially 16 S rRNA and shotgun sequencing, numerous studies have shown that dysregulation of intestinal microbiota is associated with many central nervous system diseases. Ischemic stroke (IS) is a cerebrovascular disease with high morbidity and mortality. Brain damage in IS affects intestinal function, and intestinal dysfunction further aggravates brain damage, forming a vicious circle of mutual interference in pathology. The microbiota-gut-brain axis study based on the intestinal microbiota has opened up broader ideas for exploring its pathogenesis and risk factors, and also provided more possibilities for the selection of therapeutic targets for this type of drug. This review discussed the application of NGS technology in the study of intestinal microbiota and the research progress of microbiota-gut-brain axis in recent years, and systematically sorts out the literature on the relationship between ischemic stroke and intestinal microbiota. It starts with the characteristics of microbiota-gut-brain axis' bidirectional regulation, respectively discusses the high risk factors of IS under intestinal microbiota imbalance and the physiological and pathological changes of intestinal microbiota after IS, and summarizes the related targets, in order to provide reliable reference for the treatment of IS from intestinal microbiota. In addition, natural botanical active ingredients have achieved good results in the treatment of IS based on regulating the homeostasis of gut microbiota, providing new evidence for studying the potential targets and therapies of IS based on the microbiota-gut-brain axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinsong Zeng
- The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Kailin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha City, China..
| | - Huifang Nie
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha City, China
| | - Le Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha City, China
| | - Shanshan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha City, China
| | - Liuting Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha City, China..
| | - Anqi Ge
- The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Jinwen Ge
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha City, China.; Hunan Academy of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China..
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27
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Liu M, Shi W, Huang Y, Wu Y, Wu K. Intestinal flora: A new target for traditional Chinese medicine to improve lipid metabolism disorders. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1134430. [PMID: 36937840 PMCID: PMC10014879 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1134430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipid metabolism disorders (LMD) can cause a series of metabolic diseases, including hyperlipidemia, obesity, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and atherosclerosis (AS). Its development is caused by more pathogenic factors, among which intestinal flora dysbiosis is considered to be an important pathogenic mechanism of LMD. In recent years, the research on intestinal flora has made great progress, opening up new perspectives on the occurrence and therapeutic effects of diseases. With its complex composition and wide range of targets, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is widely used to prevent and treat LMD. This review takes intestinal flora as a target, elaborates on the scientific connotation of TCM in the treatment of LMD, updates the therapeutic thinking of LMD, and provides a reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Liu
- Department of Gynecology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Wei Shi
- Department of Gynecology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yefang Huang
- Department of Gynecology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yeke Wu
- Department of Stomatology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Keming Wu
- Department of Gynecology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Ai ZL, Zhang X, Ge W, Zhong YB, Wang HY, Zuo ZY, Liu DY. Salvia miltiorrhiza extract may exert an anti-obesity effect in rats with high-fat diet-induced obesity by modulating gut microbiome and lipid metabolism. World J Gastroenterol 2022; 28:6131-6156. [PMID: 36483153 PMCID: PMC9724488 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v28.i43.6131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies have shown that a high-fat diet (HFD) can alter gut microbiota (GM) homeostasis and participate in lipid metabolism disorders associated with obesity. Therefore, regulating the construction of GM with the balance of lipid metabolism has become essential for treating obesity. Salvia miltiorrhiza extract (Sal), a common traditional Chinese medicine, has been proven effective against atherosclerosis, hyperlipidemia, obesity, and other dyslipidemia-related diseases.
AIM To investigate the anti-obesity effects of Sal in rats with HFD-induced obesity, and explore the underlying mechanism by focusing on GM and lipid metabolism.
METHODS Obesity was induced in rats with an HFD for 7 wk, and Sal (0.675 g/1.35 g/2.70 g/kg/d) was administered to treat obese rats for 8 wk. The therapeutic effect was evaluated by body weight, body fat index, waistline, and serum lipid level. Lipid factors (cAMP, PKA, and HSL) in liver and fat homogenates were analyzed by ELISA. The effect of Sal on GM and lipid metabolism was assessed by 16S rRNA-based microbiota analysis and untargeted lipidomic analysis (LC-MS/MS), respectively.
RESULTS Sal treatment markedly reduced weight, body fat index, serum triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein, glucose, free fatty acid, hepatic lipid accumulation, and adipocyte vacuolation, and increased serum high-density lipoprotein (HDL-C) in rats with HFD-induced obesity. These effects were associated with increased concentrations of lipid factors such as cAMP, PKA, and HSL in the liver and adipose tissues, enhanced gut integrity, and improved lipid metabolism. GM analysis revealed that Sal could reverse HFD-induced dysbacteriosis by promoting the abundance of Actinobacteriota and Proteobacteria, and decreasing the growth of Firmicutes and Desulfobacterita. Furthermore, LC-MS/MS analysis indicated that Sal decreased TGs (TG18:2/18:2/20:4, TG16:0/18:2/22:6), DGs (DG14:0/22:6, DG22:6/22:6), CL (18:2/ 18:1/18:1/20:0), and increased ceramides (Cers; Cer d16:0/21:0, Cer d16:1/24:1), (O-acyl)-ω-hydroxy fatty acids (OAHFAs; OAHFA18:0/14:0) in the feces of rats. Spearman’s correlation analysis further indicated that TGs, DGs, and CL were negatively related to the abundance of Facklamia and Dubosiella, and positively correlated with Blautia and Quinella, while OAHFAs and Cers were the opposite.
CONCLUSION Sal has an anti-obesity effect by regulating the GM and lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Li Ai
- Department of Postgraduate, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Xian Zhang
- Department of Postgraduate, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Wei Ge
- Department of Proctology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - You-Bao Zhong
- Laboratory Animal Research Center for Science and Technology, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Hai-Yan Wang
- Formula-Pattern Research Center, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Zheng-Yun Zuo
- Formula-Pattern Research Center, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Duan-Yong Liu
- Formula-Pattern Research Center, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, Jiangxi Province, China
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Zhong T, Wang Y, Wang X, Freitas-de-Melo A, Li H, Zhan S, Wang L, Cao J, Dai D, Guo J, Li L, Zhang H, Liu J, Niu L. Diarrhea in suckling lambs is associated with changes in gut microbiota, serum immunological and biochemical parameters in an intensive production system. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1020657. [PMID: 36466638 PMCID: PMC9712182 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1020657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The incidence of diarrhea in lambs is frequent in large-scale sheep farms, which greatly impacts the growth and health of lambs. The aim of this study was to assess the changes in serum biochemical and immunological parameters and gut microbiome composition in suckling lambs suffering from diarrhea or not, reared on an intensive commercial farm. We found a reduced diversity of intestinal bacteria in suckling lambs suffering from diarrhea. Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes were the dominant flora in both groups of lambs, while the Bacteroidetes decreased in diarrheic lambs, no changes were reported in Firmicutes. Compared with healthy lambs, the proportion of aerobic bacteria, facultative anaerobic bacteria, and stress tolerant bacteria increased in lambs suffering from diarrhea, while that of anaerobic bacteria and potentially pathogenic bacteria decreased slightly. In addition, the contents of total cholesterol, immunoglobulins (Ig) G, and IgM in the serum of lambs suffering from diarrhea were lower than those of healthy lambs. This study explored the association between diarrhea occurrence, intestinal microbial community structure, and metabolic and immunological status in Hu lambs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yaxuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xinlu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Aline Freitas-de-Melo
- Departamento de Biociencias Veterinarias, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Hua Li
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Siyuan Zhan
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Linjie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiaxue Cao
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Dinghui Dai
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiazhong Guo
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Li
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hongping Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jinwang Liu
- Yulin Sannong Breeding Service Co., Ltd, Yulin, China
| | - Lili Niu
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
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Yuvaraj S, Sasikumar S, Puhari SSM, Ramprasath T, Baskaran N, Vasudevan V, Selvam GS. Chrysin reduces hypercholesterolemia-mediated atherosclerosis through modulating oxidative stress, microflora, and apoptosis in experimental rats. J Food Biochem 2022; 46:e14349. [PMID: 35892244 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Chrysin (Chy) is known for various biological proprieties such as inhibitory effects on inflammation, cancer, oxidative stress, aging, and atherosclerosis. However, the hypolipidemic activity of Chy and its mechanistic action remains unclear in cardiovascular diseases (CVD). In this study, we focused on the hypolipidemic proprieties of Chy in hypercholesterolemia-induced atherosclerosis. Male Wistar rats (150-220 g) were divided into four groups as follows: Group I control was fed with standard laboratory chow. Rats in Group II were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) for 60 days. After 60 days of HFD, Group III rats received Chy (100 mg/kg body weight); Group IV rats received Atorvastatin (Atv; 10 mg/kg body weight) for 30 days. Biochemical studies showed Chy, Atv treatment decreased the activities of liver marker enzymes and the levels of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) and lipid profile. Gene expression analysis on nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and its regulated genes were significantly reduced in the intestine and increased in the aorta by Chy and Atv. Gut microbial species such as Bacteroidetes, Lactobacillus, Enterococcus, and Clostridium leptum copy numbers were significantly increased by Chy and Atv treatment. In addition, Chy and Atv modulated the expression of inflammatory genes including TLR4, TNFα, NLRP3, and IL-17 in the aorta and intestine compared with hypercholesterolemic control rats. Chy and Atv effectively increased the caspase-3 mRNA expression in the intestine, but these decreased in the aorta. The present study concludes that by reducing oxidative stress and increasing gut microbial colonization, Chy may provide an effective therapeutic approach for the prevention of hypercholesterolemia-mediated atherosclerosis. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Our study focused on a therapeutic model representing the clinical presentation of atherosclerosis in humans. Statins are commonly used in the treatment of cardiovascular complications, patients with hypercholesterolemia face difficulties in the continuation of statin therapy. The reason for statin discontinuation has been associated with toxicological effects. It is necessary to investigate the potentiality of the natural compound as an alternative medicine to statin with fewer side effects. The main theme of our study is to compare the therapeutic potential of Chy and Atv. Chy is a natural bioflavonoid that could be considered as an alternative medicinal compound to statins and to avoid toxicity problems associated with statins. Chy is a bioflavonoid present in Passiflora caerulea (blue passion flower), Oroxylum indicum (Indian trumpet flower), Pelargonium crispum, propolis, and honey. Consuming Chy-rich foods will reduce hypercholesterolemia-mediated cardiovascular complications. Overall, the present studies provided a key to developing bioactive compounds-based foods for CVD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subramani Yuvaraj
- Molecular Cardiology Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Centre for Excellence in Genomic Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sundrasen Sasikumar
- Molecular Cardiology Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Centre for Excellence in Genomic Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Shanavas Syed Mohamed Puhari
- Molecular Cardiology Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Centre for Excellence in Genomic Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Tharmarajan Ramprasath
- Center for Molecular and Translational Medicine, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Nagarethinam Baskaran
- National Institute of Food Technology, Entrepreneurship and Management - Thanjavur (NIFTEM-T), Ministry of Food Processing Industries, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Varadaraj Vasudevan
- Molecular Cardiology Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Centre for Excellence in Genomic Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Govindan Sadasivam Selvam
- Molecular Cardiology Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Centre for Excellence in Genomic Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India
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Zhang J, Zhao WR, Shi WT, Tan JJ, Zhang KY, Tang JY, Chen XL, Zhou ZY. Tribulus terrestris L. extract ameliorates atherosclerosis by inhibition of vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation in ApoE -/- mice and A7r5 cells via suppression of Akt/MEK/ERK signaling. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 297:115547. [PMID: 35870688 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Revised: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Atherosclerosis (AS) is one of major threatens of death worldwide, and vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation is an important characteristic in the progression of AS. Tribulus terrestris L. is a well-known Chinese Materia Medica for treating skin pruritus, vertigo and cardiovascular diseases in traditional Chinese medicine. However, its anti-AS activity and inhibition effect on VSMC proliferation are not fully elucidated. AIMS We hypothesize that the furostanol saponins enriched extract (FSEE) of T. terrestris L. presents anti-AS effect by inhibition of VSMC proliferation. The molecular action mechanism underlying the anti-VSMC proliferation effect of FSEE is also investigated. MATERIALS AND METHODS Apolipoprotein-E deficient (ApoE-/-) mice and rat thoracic smooth muscle cell A7r5 were employed as the in vivo and in vitro models respectively to evaluate the anti- AS and VSMC proliferation effects of FSEE. In ApoE-/- mice, the amounts of total cholesterol, triglyceride, low density lipoprotein and high density lipoprotein in serum were measured by commercially available kits. The size of atherosclerotic plaque was observed by hematoxylin & eosin staining. The protein expressions of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and osteopontin (OPN) in the plaque were examined by immunohistochemistry. In A7r5 cells, the cell viability and proliferation were tested by MTT and Real Time Cell Analysis assays. The cell migration was evaluated by wound healing assay. Propidium iodide staining followed by flow cytometry was used to analyze the cell cycle progression. The expression of intracellular total and phosphorylated proteins including protein kinase B (Akt) and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), such as mitogen-activated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (MEK), extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), were detected by western blotting analysis. RESULTS FSEE significantly reduced the area of atherosclerotic plaque in high-fat diet-fed ApoE-/- mice. And FSEE increased the protein expression level of α-SMA and decreased the level of OPN in atherosclerotic plaque, which revealed the inhibition of VSMC phenotype switching and proliferation. In A7r5 cells, FSEE suppressed fetal bovine serum (FBS) or oxidized low density lipoprotein (oxLDL)-triggered VSMC proliferation and migration in a concentration dependent manner. FSEE protected against the elevation of cell numbers in S phase induced by FBS or oxLDL and the reduction of cell numbers in G0/G1 phase induced by oxLDL. Moreover, the phosphorylation of Akt and MAPKs including MEK, ERK and JNK could be facilitated by FBS or oxLDL, while co-treatment of FSEE attenuated the phosphorylation of Akt induced by oxLDL as well as the phosphorylation of MEK and ERK induced by FBS. In addition, (25R)-terrestrinin B (JL-6), which was the main ingredient of FSEE, and its potential active pharmaceutical ingredients tigogenin (Tigo) and hecogenin (Heco) also significantly attenuated FBS or oxLDL-induced VSMC proliferation in A7r5 cells. CONCLUSION FSEE presents potent anti- AS and VSMC proliferation activities and the underlying mechanism is likely to the suppression of Akt/MEK/ERK signaling. The active components of FSEE are JL-6 and its potential active pharmaceutical ingredients Tigo and Heco. So, FSEE and its active compounds may be potential therapeutic drug candidates for AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Wai-Rong Zhao
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Wen-Ting Shi
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jun-Jie Tan
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
| | - Kai-Yu Zhang
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jing-Yi Tang
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Xin-Lin Chen
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Zhong-Yan Zhou
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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Chi MH, Chao J, Ko CY, Huang SS. An Ethnopharmaceutical Study on the Hypolipidemic Formulae in Taiwan Issued by Traditional Chinese Medicine Pharmacies. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:900693. [PMID: 36188612 PMCID: PMC9520573 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.900693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Globally, approximately one-third of ischemic heart diseases are due to hyperlipidemia, which has been shown to cause various metabolic disorders. This study was aimed to disassemble and analyze hypolipidemic formulae sold by traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) pharmacies. Using commonly used statistical parameters in ethnopharmacology, we identified the core drug combination of the hypolipidemic formulae, thereby exploring the strategy by which the Taiwanese people select hypolipidemic drugs. Most important of all, we preserved the inherited knowledge of TCM. We visited 116 TCM pharmacies in Taiwan and collected 91 TCM formulae. The formulae were mainly disassembled by macroscopical identification, and the medicinal materials with a relative frequency of citation (RFC) >0.2 were defined as commonly used medicinal materials. Subsequently, we sorted the information of medicinal materials recorded in the Pharmacopeia, searched for modern pharmacological research on commonly used medicinal materials using PubMed database, and visualized data based on the statistical results. Finally, the core hypolipidemic medicinal materials used in folk medicine were obtained. Of the 91 TCM formulae collected in this study, 80 traditional Chinese medicinal materials were used, belonging to 43 families, predominantly Lamiaceae. Roots were the most commonly used part as a medicinal material. There were 17 commonly used medicinal materials. Based on medicinal records in Pharmacopeia, most flavors and properties were warm and pungent, the majority traditional effects were “tonifying and replenishing” and “blood-regulating.” Besides, the targeted diseases searching from modern pharmacological studies were diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia. The core medicinal materials consisted of Astragalus mongholicus Bunge and Crataegus pinnatifida Bunge, and the core formulae were Bu-Yang-Huan-Wu-Tang and Xie-Fu-Zhu-Yu-Tang. In addition, 7 groups of folk misused medicinal materials were found. Although these TCMs have been used for a long period of time, their hypolipidemic mechanisms remain unclear, and further studies are needed to validate their safety and efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Han Chi
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jung Chao
- Master Program for Food and Drug Safety, Chinese Medicine Research Center, Department of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Yu Ko
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shyh-Shyun Huang
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Food Nutrition and Health Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
- *Correspondence: Shyh-Shyun Huang,
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Xie P, Guo M, Xie JB, Xiao MY, Qi YS, Duan Y, Li FF, Piao XL. Effects of heat-processed Gynostemma pentaphyllum on high-fat diet-fed mice of obesity and functional analysis on network pharmacology and molecular docking strategy. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 294:115335. [PMID: 35513215 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Gynostemma pentaphyllum has been used as traditional medicine for many diseases, including metabolic syndrome (Mets), aging, diabetes, neurodegenerative diseases in China, some East Asian and Southeast Asian countries. It was shown that G. pentaphyllum and gypenosides had anti-obesity and cholesterol-lowering effects too. However, its main active ingredients are still unclear. AIMS The objective of this study was to compare the effects of gypenosides before and after heat-processing on high fat obese mice, and to analyze the function of G. pentaphyllum saponin via network pharmacology and molecular docking. METHODS The leaves of G. pentaphyllum were heat processed at 120 °C for 3 h to obtain heat-processed G. pentaphyllum. Gypenosides (Gyp) and heat-processed gypenosides (HGyp) were prepared by resin HP-20 chromatography and analyzed using LC-MS from the extracts of G. pentaphyllum before and after heat-processing, respectively. Obesity model was made with high fat diet (HFD). Gyp and HGyp were administrated at 100 mg/kg for 12 weeks in HFD obese mice and the body weight, energy intake, and levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL) were compared. HGyp was administrated at a dose of 50,100,200 mg/kg for 12 weeks in HFD obese mice and the perirenal adipose, epididymal adipose, abdominal adipose, shoulder brown adipose, inguinal adipose were measured. Moreover, the potential targets, hub genes and pathways of damulin A, damulin B, gypenoside L, gypenoside LI for treating Mets were screened out via network pharmacology. According to the results of network pharmacology, core targets of treating Mets were docking with damulin A, gypenoside L, damulin B, gypenoside LI via molecular docking. RESULTS HGyp showed stronger effects on body weight loss and lipid-lowering in obese mice than Gyp. The contents of gypenoside L, gypenoside LI, damulin A and damulin B of G. pentaphyllum were increased by heat-processing. HGyp significantly decreased the body weight, calorie intake, and levels of TC, TG, LDL, HDL on the obese mice. It up-regulated PPARα and PPARγ in the liver tissues. HGyp reduced significantly the size of adipocytes in inguinal, abdominal, epididymal adipose and increased the proportion of interscapular brown fat. Network pharmacology results showed that 21 potential targets and 12 related-pathways were screened out. HMGCR, ACE, LIPC, LIPG, PPARα PPARδ, PPARγ were the core targets of HGyp against lipid metabolism by molecular docking. The putative functional targets of HGyp may be modulated by AGE-RAGE, TNF, glycerolipid metabolism, lipid and atherosclerosis, cholesterol metabolism, PPAR, fat digestion and absorption, cell adhesion molecules signaling pathway. CONCLUSIONS Gyp and HGyp are valuable for inhibition obesity, lipid-lowering, metabolic regulation. Especially, the effect of HGyp is better than that of Gyp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Xie
- School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Mei Guo
- School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Jin-Bo Xie
- School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Man-Yu Xiao
- School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yan-Shuang Qi
- School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yu Duan
- School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Fang-Fang Li
- School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Xiang-Lan Piao
- School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China.
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Li T, Tian D, Lu M, Wang B, Li J, Xu B, Chen H, Wu S. Gut microbiota dysbiosis induced by polychlorinated biphenyl 126 contributes to increased brain proinflammatory cytokines: Landscapes from the gut-brain axis and fecal microbiota transplantation. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 241:113726. [PMID: 35691195 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The pathogenesis of brain inflammation induced by polychlorinated biphenyl 126 (PCB126) has not yet been fully illustrated. Growing evidence highlights the relevance of the microbiota-gut-brain axis in central nervous system (CNS) dysfunction. Therefore, we aimed to study the role of the gut microbiota in PCB126-induced proinflammatory cytokine increases in the mouse brain. The results showed that PCB126 exposure significantly disordered gut bacterial communities, resulting in the enrichment of gram-negative bacteria (e.g., Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria), further leading to elevated levels of the gram-negative bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Subsequently, colonic toll-like receptor 4 (TLR-4) was activated by bacterial LPS, which promoted proinflammatory cytokine generation and inhibited tight junction (TJ) protein expression. Then, bacterial LPS translocated from the gut lumen into the blood circulation and reached the brain, triggering LPS/TLR-4-mediated increases in brain proinflammatory cytokines. Further analysis after fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) suggested that the gut microbiota disturbance caused by PCB126 could induce elevated bacterial LPS and trigger TLR-4-mediated increases in proinflammatory cytokines in the brain. This study highlights the possibility that PCB126-induced gut microbiota disorder contributes to increased brain proinflammatory cytokines. These results provide a new perspective for identifying the toxicity mechanisms of PCB126 and open up the possibility of modulating the gut microbiota as a therapeutic target for CNS disease caused by environmental pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongtong Li
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Dongcan Tian
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Mengtian Lu
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Bijiao Wang
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Jun Li
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Product and Functional Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Baohua Xu
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Shijin Wu
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China.
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Jing L, Zhang H, Xiang Q, Shen L, Guo X, Zhai C, Hu H. Targeting Trimethylamine N-Oxide: A New Therapeutic Strategy for Alleviating Atherosclerosis. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:864600. [PMID: 35770223 PMCID: PMC9235870 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.864600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS) is one of the most common cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), and there is currently no effective drug to reverse its pathogenesis. Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) is a metabolite of the gut flora with the potential to act as a new risk factor for CVD. Many studies have shown that TMAO is involved in the occurrence and development of atherosclerotic diseases through various mechanisms; however, the targeted therapy for TMAO remains controversial. This article summarizes the vital progress made in relation to evaluations on TMAO and AS in recent years and highlights novel probable approaches for the prevention and treatment of AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lele Jing
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Honghong Zhang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiannan Xiang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liang Shen
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Xiaoxia Guo
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Changlin Zhai
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Huilin Hu
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
- *Correspondence: Huilin Hu
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Zeng X, Jia H, Shi Y, Chen K, Wang Z, Gao Z, Yuan Y, Yue T. Lactobacillus kefiranofaciens JKSP109 and Saccharomyces cerevisiae JKSP39 isolated from Tibetan kefir grain co-alleviated AOM/DSS induced inflammation and colorectal carcinogenesis. Food Funct 2022; 13:6947-6961. [PMID: 35575226 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo02939h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the alleviative effects of Lactobacillus kefiranofaciens JKSP109 (LK) and Saccharomyces cerevisiae JKSP39 (SC) isolated from Tibetan kefir grain on colon inflammation and colorectal carcinogenesis. Azoxymethane (AOM) and dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) were used to establish a mouse model of colorectal cancer (CRC). The treatment group mice were administered with LK, SC, or the combination of LK and SC for five days per week from the day of receiving AOM. The composition of the gut microbiota was assessed using internal transcribed spacer 2 and 16S rRNA gene high-throughput sequencing. Furthermore, the biomarkers associated with gut barrier integrity, inflammation, regulators of cell proliferation, and apoptosis were evaluated. The results showed that the administration of LK, SC, and their combination increased the body weights and decreased the disease activity index (DAI) score and tumor multiplicity. As compared to the CRC model group, the three treatment groups positively regulated the gut microbiota. Meanwhile, the three treatments also enhanced the gut barrier, decreased the expression of proinflammatory cytokines and oncocyte proliferation indicators, and increased the expression of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL)-positive tumor epithelial cells and content of short chain fatty acids in fecal samples. All these results indicated that the LK and SC alleviated the inflammation and colorectal carcinogenesis in AOM/DSS-induced CRC mouse models, and the majority of tested indexes in the combination group were superior to single strain groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejun Zeng
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, 712100, China. .,Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agri-products (Yangling), Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Hang Jia
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, 712100, China. .,Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agri-products (Yangling), Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Yiheng Shi
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, 712100, China. .,Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agri-products (Yangling), Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Ke Chen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, 712100, China. .,Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agri-products (Yangling), Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Zhouli Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, 712100, China. .,Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agri-products (Yangling), Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Zhenpeng Gao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, 712100, China. .,Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agri-products (Yangling), Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Yahong Yuan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, 712100, China. .,Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agri-products (Yangling), Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Tianli Yue
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, 712100, China. .,Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agri-products (Yangling), Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, 712100, China.,College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
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Wu CL, Xu LL, Peng J, Zhang DH. Al-MPS Obstructs EMT in Breast Cancer by Inhibiting Lipid Metabolism via miR-215-5p/SREBP1. Endocrinology 2022; 163:6562775. [PMID: 35366327 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqac040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Alkali-extractable mycelial polysaccharide (Al-MPS) is a natural macromolecular polymer that has shown anti-hyperlipidemic and antitumor abilities. This study investigates the mechanism by which Al-MPS inhibits lipid metabolism and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in breast cancer (BC). BC cells (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231) were transfected and/or treated with Al-MPS. CCK-8, Transwell, and scratch assays were used to evaluate the tumorigenic behaviors of BC cells. The expression levels of SREBP1, E-cadherin, N-cadherin, Snail, vimentin, FASN, ACLY, and ACECS1 in BC cells were detected by Western blotting. Dual-luciferase reporter and RNA pull-down assays were performed to verify the binding between miR-215-5p and SREBP1 mRNA. Nude mice were injected with MDA-MB-231 cells and treated with Al-MPS. The changes in tumor volume and protein expression were monitored. miR-215-5p was downregulated and SREBP1 was upregulated in BC. Al-MPS increased miR-215-5p expression and inhibited SREBP1 expression, lipid metabolism, and EMT in BC. Inhibition of miR-215-5p or overexpression of SREBP1 promoted the tumorigenic behaviors of BC cells by stimulating lipid metabolism and counteracted the antitumor effect of Al-MPS. SREBP1 was a downstream target of miR-215-5p. In conclusion, Al-MPS inhibits lipid metabolism and EMT in BC via the miR-215-5p/SREBP1 axis. This study supports the application of polysaccharides in cancer treatment and the molecules regulated by Al-MPS may be used as biomarkers or therapeutic targets for BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenlu L Wu
- Department of Cardiology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
| | - Lili L Xu
- Department of General Surgery, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
| | - Jing Peng
- Department of General Surgery, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
| | - Danhua H Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
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Hu K, Liao XX, Wu XY, Wang R, Hu ZW, Liu SY, He WF, Zhou JJ. Effects of the Lipid Metabolites and the Gut Microbiota in ApoE−/− Mice on Atherosclerosis Co-Depression From the Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:786492. [PMID: 35558553 PMCID: PMC9086493 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.786492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of atherosclerosis co-depression are poor, so it is urgent to explore new targets. Based on the “microbiota-gut-brain axis,” this study aimed to investigate the changes of lipid metabolites in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus regions and the characteristics of the gut microbiota in ApoE−/− mice with atherosclerosis co-depression.Methods: ApoE−/− mice (hyperlipid feeding combined with binding, HFB group, n = 14, male) fed a high-fat diet for 16 weeks with binding stimulation were used as an animal model for atherosclerosis co-depression. The depression degree of mice was evaluated by body weight, sucrose preference test, open field test, and tail suspension test. Oil-red O staining, HE staining, and biochemical parameters were used to evaluate the damage degree of atherosclerosis in mice. LC-MS/MS technique for non-targeted lipidomics analysis was used to analyze the differential lipid metabolites in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus regions of mice. 16S rDNA amplification sequencing was used to screen the differential gut microbial, and association analysis was performed with the differential lipid metabolites.Results: Compared with the normal control group (NC group), the HFB group showed depression-like behaviors and atherosclerosis-related pathological indicators. The differential lipid metabolites in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus regions were mainly LPC, LPE, LPS, PC, PE, PS, PI, and GD1a, and were mainly enriched in the glycerophospholipid metabolism pathway and the retrograde endocannabinoid signaling pathway. At the same time, there were significant differences in the structure of the gut microbial community between the two groups. The abundance of Deferribacteres and Proteobacteria in the HFB group increased, while the abundance of Verrucomicrobia and Actinobacteria decreased at the phylum level; the abundance of Desulfovibrio, Clostridium_IV, Helicobacter and Pseudoflavonifractor increased, while the abundance of Akkermansia decreased at the genus level.Conclusion: Atherosclerosis co-depression of ApoE−/− mice of the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus lipid metabolism pathways of disorder and the changes of to the gut microbiota, which leads to abnormal white matter and synaptic dysfunction, increased gut inflammation, and decreased gut permeability, leading to the release of inflammatory cytokines, there is a strong correlation between both, it further confirmed the existence of the “microbiota-gut-brain axis.”
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Hu
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Xing-Xing Liao
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Yun Wu
- School of Basic Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Rui Wang
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Zi-Wei Hu
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Si-Yuan Liu
- School of Basic Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Wen-Fen He
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Jun-Jie Zhou
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases of Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Jun-Jie Zhou,
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Liu J, Shi Y, Peng D, Wang L, Yu N, Wang G, Chen W. Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge. (Danshen) in the Treating Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Based on the Regulator of Metabolic Targets. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:842980. [PMID: 35528835 PMCID: PMC9072665 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.842980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is rapidly prevalent due to its strong association with increased metabolic syndrome such as cardio- and cerebrovascular disorders and diabetes. Few drugs can meet the growing disease burden of NAFLD. Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge. (Danshen) have been used for over 2,000 years in clinical trials to treat NAFLD and metabolic syndrome disease without clarified defined mechanisms. Metabolic targets restored metabolic homeostasis in patients with NAFLD and improved steatosis by reducing the delivery of metabolic substrates to liver as a promising way. Here we systematic review evidence showing that Danshen against NAFLD through diverse and crossing mechanisms based on metabolic targets. A synopsis of the phytochemistry and pharmacokinetic of Danshen and the mechanisms of metabolic targets regulating the progression of NAFLD is initially provided, followed by the pharmacological activity of Danshen in the management NAFLD. And then, the possible mechanisms of Danshen in the management of NAFLD based on metabolic targets are elucidated. Specifically, the metabolic targets c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNK), sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c), nuclear translocation carbohydrate response element–binding protein (ChREBP) related with lipid metabolism pathway, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs), cytochrome P450 (CYP) and the others associated with pleiotropic metabolism will be discussed. Finally, providing a critical assessment of the preclinic and clinic model and the molecular mechanism in NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Hefei, China
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources Protection and Development, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Decoction Pieces of New Manufacturing Technology, Hefei, China
| | - Yun Shi
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Hefei, China
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources Protection and Development, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Daiyin Peng
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Hefei, China
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources Protection and Development, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Lei Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Decoction Pieces of New Manufacturing Technology, Hefei, China
- *Correspondence: Lei Wang,
| | - Nianjun Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Hefei, China
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources Protection and Development, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Guokai Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Hefei, China
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources Protection and Development, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Weidong Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Hefei, China
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources Protection and Development, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Decoction Pieces of New Manufacturing Technology, Hefei, China
- Weidong Chen,
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Shi Q, Chen J, Zou X, Tang X. Intracellular Cholesterol Synthesis and Transport. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:819281. [PMID: 35386193 PMCID: PMC8978673 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.819281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cholesterol homeostasis is related to multiple diseases in humans, including cardiovascular disease, cancer, and neurodegenerative and hepatic diseases. The cholesterol levels in cells are balanced dynamically by uptake, biosynthesis, transport, distribution, esterification, and export. In this review, we focus on de novo cholesterol synthesis, cholesterol synthesis regulation, and intracellular cholesterol trafficking. In addition, the progression of lipid transfer proteins (LTPs) at multiple contact sites between organelles is considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyang Shi
- Center of Reproductive Medicine and Center of Prenatal Diagnosis, The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jiahuan Chen
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo Engineering, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaodong Zou
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo Engineering, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaochun Tang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo Engineering, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Chongqing Research Institute of Jilin University, Chongqing, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaochun Tang,
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Liu Z, Zhang Y, Ai C, Tian W, Wen C, Song S, Zhu B. An acidic polysaccharide from Patinopecten yessoensis skirt prevents obesity and improves gut microbiota and metabolism of mice induced by high-fat diet. Food Res Int 2022; 154:110980. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.110980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Sawicka-Śmiarowska E, Moniuszko-Malinowska A, Kamiński KA. Why Do These Microbes Like Me and How Could There Be a Link with Cardiovascular Risk Factors? J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11030599. [PMID: 35160056 PMCID: PMC8836897 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11030599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are the most common causes of hospitalization, death, and disability in Europe. Due to high prevalence and ensuing clinical complications, they lead to very high social and economic costs. Despite the knowledge of classical cardiovascular risk factors, there is an urgent need for discovering new factors that may play a role in the development of cardiovascular diseases or potentially influence prognosis. Recently, particular attention has been drawn to the endogenous microflora of the human body, mostly those inhabiting the digestive system. It has been shown that bacteria, along with their host cells, create an interactive ecosystem of interdependencies and relationships. This interplay could influence both the metabolic homeostasis and the immune processes of the host, hence leading to cardiovascular disease development. In this review, we attempt to describe, in the context of cardiovascular risk factors, why particular microbes occur in individuals and how they might influence the host’s cardiovascular system in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilia Sawicka-Śmiarowska
- Department of Population Medicine and Lifestyle Diseases Prevention, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland;
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-276 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Anna Moniuszko-Malinowska
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Neuroinfection, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-540 Bialystok, Poland;
| | - Karol Adam Kamiński
- Department of Population Medicine and Lifestyle Diseases Prevention, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-85-8318-656
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Zhang Q, Liu X, Piao C, Jiao Z, Ma Y, Wang Y, Liu T, Xu J, Wang H. Effect of conditioned medium from adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells on endoplasmic reticulum stress and lipid metabolism after hepatic ischemia reperfusion injury and hepatectomy in swine. Life Sci 2022; 289:120212. [PMID: 34896163 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.120212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Hepatic ischemia reperfusion injury (HIRI) is associated with liver failure after liver transplantation and hepatectomy. Thus, this study aims to explore the effect of conditioned medium from adipose derived stem cells (ADSC-CM) on endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) and lipid metabolism after HIRI combined with hepatectomy in miniature pigs. MAIN METHODS A model of HIRI combined with hepatectomy in miniature pigs was established. The expression of ERS-related proteins and lipid metabolism related genes, as well as triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein (HDL), very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) and acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1 (ACC1) level were measured in liver tissues. KEY FINDINGS Both ADSCs and ADSC-CM could improve the damage in the ultrastructure of hepatocytes. ADSC-CM significantly decreased the protein expression of GRP78, ATF6, XBP1, p-eIF2α, ATF4, p-JNK and CHOP. Oil red O staining revealed that the degree of hepatocyte steatosis was also significantly reduced after treatment with ADSC-CM. In addition, ADSC-CM remarkably decreased TG, TC, HDL and ACC1 level in liver tissues, while enhanced VLDL content. Finally, SREBP1, SCAP, FASN, ACC1, HMGCR and HMGCS1 mRNA expression was also markedly downregulated in liver tissues. SIGNIFICANCE Injection of ADSC-CM into the hepatic parenchymal could represent a novel cell-free therapeutic approach to improve HIRI combined with hepatectomy injury. The inhibition of ERS and the improvement of lipid metabolism in the hepatocytes might be a potential mechanism used by ADSC-CM to prevent liver injury from HIRI combined with hepatectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianzhen Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, PR China
| | - Xiaoning Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Chenxi Piao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Zhihui Jiao
- College of Wildlife and Protected Area, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Yajun Ma
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Yue Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Tao Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Jiayuan Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Hongbin Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China.
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Li Y, Zhang L, Ren P, Yang Y, Li S, Qin X, Zhang M, Zhou M, Liu W. Qing-Xue-Xiao-Zhi formula attenuates atherosclerosis by inhibiting macrophage lipid accumulation and inflammatory response via TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB pathway regulation. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 93:153812. [PMID: 34753029 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atherosclerosis is a progressive chronic disease characterised by aberrant lipid metabolism and a maladaptive inflammatory response. As atherosclerosis-driven cardiovascular disease remains the major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, more effective clinical therapies are urgently needed. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has demonstrated efficacy against atherosclerosis, with Qing-Xue-Xiao-Zhi formula (QXXZF) having been approved for clinical treatment of patients with atherosclerosis. However, the mechanisms underlying the anti-atherosclerotic activity of QXXZF remain unknown. PURPOSE To investigate the anti-atherosclerotic effect of QXXZF and reveal its mechanisms using preclinical models. METHODS In vivo, apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE-/-) mice were fed a high-fat and high-choline diet (HHD) to induce atherosclerosis. Serum metabolomic profiling was used to identify the concentration of trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) in mice. In vitro, RAW264.7 macrophages and bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) from WT and TLR4-/- C57BL/6 mice were used to explore the effects of QXXZF on macrophages. After confirming the therapeutic effects of QXXZF, mass spectrometry and network pharmacology analyses were used to predict and investigate the main components and the anti-atherogenic mechanisms of QXXZF in the context of atherosclerosis. RESULTS Our results showed QXXZF significantly suppressed the development of atherosclerosis, as evidenced by the decreased atherosclerotic plaques in the aorta and aortic root, reduced plasma lipid levels and decreased serum TMAO content in HHD-fed ApoE-/- mice. Meanwhile, QXXZF effectively reduced foam cell formation in oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) and TMAO-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages and BMDMs. Moreover, QXXZF facilitated reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) in macrophages by upregulating the expression of cholesterol efflux-related genes PPARγ/LXRα/ABCA1/ABCG1. Mechanistic studies revealed that QXXZF influenced cholesterol metabolism by inhibiting the TLR4-mediated nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) axis. Importantly, TLR4 knockout abolished the influence of QXXZF on macrophages. CONCLUSION QXXZF promotes lipid efflux and inhibits macrophage-mediated inflammation, producing a therapeutic effect against atherosclerosis. Our study provides new insight into the mechanism of QXXZF against atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Li
- Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, 23 Backstreet of Art Gallery, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100010, China.; Beijing Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine,23 Backstreet of Art Gallery, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100010, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, 23 Backstreet of Art Gallery, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100010, China.; Beijing Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine,23 Backstreet of Art Gallery, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100010, China
| | - Pan Ren
- Weihai Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong 264200, China
| | - Yang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Center for Single-Cell Omics, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Sinai Li
- Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, 23 Backstreet of Art Gallery, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100010, China.; Beijing Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine,23 Backstreet of Art Gallery, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100010, China
| | - Xiaomei Qin
- Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, 23 Backstreet of Art Gallery, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100010, China.; Beijing Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine,23 Backstreet of Art Gallery, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100010, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, 23 Backstreet of Art Gallery, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100010, China.; Beijing Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine,23 Backstreet of Art Gallery, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100010, China
| | - Mingxue Zhou
- Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, 23 Backstreet of Art Gallery, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100010, China.; Beijing Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine,23 Backstreet of Art Gallery, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100010, China..
| | - Weihong Liu
- Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, 23 Backstreet of Art Gallery, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100010, China.; Beijing Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine,23 Backstreet of Art Gallery, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100010, China..
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Li Y, Ji X, Wu H, Li X, Zhang H, Tang D. Mechanisms of traditional Chinese medicine in modulating gut microbiota metabolites-mediated lipid metabolism. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 278:114207. [PMID: 34000365 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The gut microbiome plays an important role in advancing the process of host lipid metabolism directly or indirectly. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) can improve the intestinal environment by intervening with gut microbiota metabolites to potentially regulate lipid levels. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Therefore, we examined the current databases to search for studies related to influence of TCM on the gut microbiota metabolites-mediated lipid metabolism. AIM OF THE STUDY This paper aims to review the TCM that could regulate lipid metabolism mediated by microbial metabolites and their pharmacological targets and provides perspectives for future investigation. METHODS Electronic databases including PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, Chinese Biological Medicine Database, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure were searched up to April 2021 to identify eligible studies. RESULTS A total of 30 active compounds, five Chinese herbal formulae, and three proprietary Chinese medicines were included in this review. We found that TCM can effectively improve lipid metabolism by increasing short chain fatty acids (SCFA) levels, regulating bile acid (BA) metabolism, reducing the production of trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), alleviating the release of inflammatory factors, and altering branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) biosynthesis. This process is accompanied by changes in the structure of the gut microbiota, blood lipids, and expression of lipid metabolism genes. CONCLUSION In summary, studies on the regulation of lipid metabolism by microbial metabolites in TCM will provide a new approach for better management of dyslipidemia, which may facilitate future clinical treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Li
- Experimental Research Center of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Xinyu Ji
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Haonan Wu
- Experimental Research Center of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Institute of Information on Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Huamin Zhang
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China.
| | - Danli Tang
- Experimental Research Center of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China.
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Zou W, Dong Y, Yang S, Gong L, Zhang Y, Shi B, La L, Tang L, Liu M. Imperatae rhizoma-Hedyotis diffusa Willd. herbal pair alleviates nephrotic syndrome by integrating anti-inflammatory and hypolipidaemic effects. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 90:153644. [PMID: 34274601 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nephrotic syndrome (NS) is a common nephropathy with a complex and diverse aetiology. Both Imperatae rhizoma and Hedyotis diffusa Willd. are herbs that are widely used as medicine and functional food. In traditional Chinese medicine theory, they are used as an herbal pair (HP) to treat inflammation-related diseases in the clinic, especially disorders of the kidney. PURPOSE This study aimed to investigate the anti-inflammatory and hypolipidaemic effects of HP in an NS rat model and provide scientific data for its clinical application. METHODS An NS model was established by two-dose injection of Sprague-Dawley rats with adriamycin. Seven groups, including the sham, model, HP treatment (0.25, 0.5 and 1.0 g/kg/d), prednisone (positive control, 5 mg/kg/d), and atorvastatin (positive control, 4 mg/kg/d) groups, were tested. The biochemical indexes of renal function and inflammatory cytokines were determined by ELISA kits and/or qPCR assays, and the crucial protein involved in the signalling pathway were subsequently tested by qPCR and/or Western blotting. Based on specific compounds identified by LC-Q-TOF-MS, network pharmacological study was carried out. RESULTS The levels of BUN, Scr, Upro, UA, Alb, TC, TG, and LDL-C were significantly elevated in model rats. HP treatment for four weeks improved the renal function and the dyslipidaemia by decreasing the levels of all parameters, except BUN and Scr. HP treatment (0.5 and 1.0 g/kg/d) upregulated the expression of PPARγ, CYP7b1, and LDLR in the liver, while it down-regulated PCSK9, showing a regulatory effect on lipid metabolism disorder. The levels of TNF-α and IL-1β in the plasma and the mRNA expression of TNF-α, IL-1β, MCP-1, and TGF-β1 in the kidney were decreased in HP groups, revealing its anti-inflammatory effect in NS rats. The HP exerted an alleviation effect on the inflammatory response through the NF-κB pathway by inhibiting the mRNA and protein expression of p50 and p65. There were 34 compounds identified or tentatively characterized in HP. In the network pharmacological study, PPARG(PPARγ), PCSK9, RELA(p65), and NF-κB1(p50) were the top 20 targets for HP, supporting the animal experimental results. CONCLUSION HP exhibited protective effects on NS rats. These effects might be closely related to the inhibition of NF-κB and PCSK9-LDLR and activation of the PPARγ-CYP7B1 signalling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China; Changsha Research and Development Center on Obstetric and Gynecologic Traditional Chinese Medicine Preparation, NHC key laboratory of birth defects research, prevention and treatment, Hunan Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Yaqian Dong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Shicong Yang
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Linna Gong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Birui Shi
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Lei La
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Lan Tang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China.
| | - Menghua Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China.
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Li Y, Liu H, Qi H, Tang W, Zhang C, Liu Z, Liu Y, Wei X, Kong Z, Jia S, Du B, Yuan J, Wang C, Li M. Probiotic fermentation of Ganoderma lucidum fruiting body extracts promoted its immunostimulatory activity in mice with dexamethasone-induced immunosuppression. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 141:111909. [PMID: 34328088 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Ganoderma lucidum is a legendary traditional Chinese medicine with various bioactivities. This study was conducted (a) to explore the in vitro fermentation of the water extracts of G. lucidum fruiting body with Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium breve and (b) to investigate the effect of fermentation broth (GLFB) on dexamethasone (DEX)-induced immunosuppressed mice. Our results demonstrated that probiotic fermentation of G. lucidum fruiting body extracts underwent structural changing of major ganoderic acid components, such as ganoderic acid A (GA) into GC2, and this fermentation process involves changing of several metabolic pathways in the probiotic strains. GLFB could significantly improve the immunity, intestinal integrity, and gut microbiota dysbiosis in DEX-treated mice, and the immunostimulatory activity of GLFB was found closely related to its direct regulation on the expansion of CD4+ T cells in Peyer's patches of mice. These data implied that probiotic fermentation of G. lucidum fruiting body extracts promoted its immunostimulatory activity via biotransformation of components such as GA. This research provides a theoretical support for the development and application of G. lucidum fermentation by probiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyuan Li
- Advanced Institute for Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - He Liu
- College of Basic Medical Science, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Huawen Qi
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
| | - Wei Tang
- College of Basic Medical Science, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Caihua Zhang
- College of Basic Medical Science, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Zhaiyi Liu
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Yinhui Liu
- College of Basic Medical Science, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Xiaoqing Wei
- College of Basic Medical Science, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Zhen Kong
- Hefei Kangchuntang Pharmaceutical Co.,Ltd, Hefei, China
| | - Shangyi Jia
- Hefei Kangchuntang Pharmaceutical Co.,Ltd, Hefei, China
| | - Borong Du
- People's Hospital of Jiuquan City, Gansu, China
| | - Jieli Yuan
- College of Basic Medical Science, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Chaoran Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China.
| | - Ming Li
- College of Basic Medical Science, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.
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Zhang X, Liu DY, Shang H, Jia Y, Xu XD, Tian Y, Guo P. Amino acid ester-coupled caffeoylquinic acid derivatives as potential hypolipidemic agents: synthesis and biological evaluation. RSC Adv 2021; 11:1654-1661. [PMID: 35424091 PMCID: PMC8693647 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra09621k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Pandanus tectorius (L.) Parkins. (PTPs) is rich in caffeoylquinic acids and amino acids, especially some essential amino acids, such as valine, phenylalanine, and so forth. A series of novel amino acid ester-coupled caffeoylquinic acid derivatives have been designed and synthesized. Biological evaluation suggested that some amino acid ester-coupled derivatives exhibited varying degrees of lipid-lowering effects on oleic acid-elicited lipid accumulation in HepG2 liver cells. Particularly, derivatives 6c, 6d, 6e and 6f exhibited comparable potential lipid-lowering effect with the positive control simvastatin and chlorogenic acid. Further studies on the mechanism of 6c, 6d, 6e and 6f revealed that the lipid-lowering effects were related to their regulation of TG levels and mRNA levels of lipometabolic-modulating genes, and merit further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Zhang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College No. 151, Malianwa North Road, Haidian District Beijing 100193 P. R. China
| | - Dong-Yun Liu
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College No. 151, Malianwa North Road, Haidian District Beijing 100193 P. R. China
| | - Hai Shang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College No. 151, Malianwa North Road, Haidian District Beijing 100193 P. R. China
| | - Yi Jia
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College No. 151, Malianwa North Road, Haidian District Beijing 100193 P. R. China
| | - Xu-Dong Xu
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College No. 151, Malianwa North Road, Haidian District Beijing 100193 P. R. China
| | - Yu Tian
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College No. 151, Malianwa North Road, Haidian District Beijing 100193 P. R. China
| | - Peng Guo
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College No. 151, Malianwa North Road, Haidian District Beijing 100193 P. R. China
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