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Shi Y, Zhong G, Huang H, Li N, Zeng J, Zhu J, Yuan J, Liang J. Comparative pharmacokinetics of five primary constituents in Huai-hua powder: a study on normal rats and rats with ulcerative colitis. J Pharm Pharmacol 2024; 76:1160-1168. [PMID: 38913100 DOI: 10.1093/jpp/rgae062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The goal of this research was to develop a fast, reliable, and sensitive method to simultaneously quantify five key components of Huai-hua Powder (HHP) in rat plasma with genistein served as the internal standard. Furthermore, the established method was used to perform a comparative evaluation of the pharmacokinetic properties of HHP in normal rats and rats with ulcerative colitis (UC). METHODS Chromatographic separation was conducted using an ACQUITY HSS T3 column held at a constant temperature of 35°C, with acetonitrile and a 0.1% formic acid solution in water employed as the mobile phases. Multiple-reaction monitoring facilitated MS operation in positive-negative-ion-switching mode. The method's validation demonstrated exceptional linearity (with a correlation coefficient of r ≥ 0.9970), and the validation tests, encompassing precision within and between days, accuracy, recovery, matrix effect, and stability; all met the predefined acceptable criteria. KEY FINDINGS The results revealed significant variations in the pharmacokinetic characteristics of the five components between normal and UC rats, suggesting altered drug metabolism rates and extents in the latter group. CONCLUSIONS These findings offer crucial scientific insights into the potential clinical application of HHP, particularly in the context of treating UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwei Shi
- Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources and Ethnic Minority Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Guoyue Zhong
- Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources and Ethnic Minority Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Huilian Huang
- Key Lab of Modern Preparations of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Nazhi Li
- Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources and Ethnic Minority Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Jinxiang Zeng
- Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources and Ethnic Minority Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Jixiao Zhu
- Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources and Ethnic Minority Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Jinbin Yuan
- Key Lab of Modern Preparations of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Jian Liang
- Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources and Ethnic Minority Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
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Xia W, Wang Y, Tao M, Li T, Fu X. Effect of Licorice polysaccharides before and after honey-processing on improving chronic fatigue syndrome and its mechanism. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 276:133968. [PMID: 39029844 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024]
Abstract
Honey-processed Licorice, a type of Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizome processed with honey, is renowned for its superior effectiveness in tonifying the spleen and invigorating Qi compared to the raw product. Our previous research showed that flavonoids and saponins in licorice changed after processing. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the changes of chemical composition and biological activity of polysaccharides after processing. The weight-average molecular weight (Mw) measured by HPGPC showed that the Mw distribution range of raw licorice polysaccharides (RLP) was 1.34 × 103-1.36 × 106 Da, and the Mw distribution range of honey-processed licorice polysaccharides (HPLP) was 1.15 × 103-1.17 × 106 Da, the Mw distribution range of the two were basically the same. The analysis of monosaccharide composition showed that the types of monosaccharide in RLP and HPLP were consistent, and the contents of mannose, rhamnose, glucuronic acid, galacturonic acid and glucose in HPLP were significantly higher than those in RLP. Furthermore, the impact of these polysaccharides on chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) showed that the high-dose group of HPLP had significantly better improvement of IL-2, IFN-γ and IgA than RLP. Multi-omics analysis showed that both of them could affect the immune system by regulating immunoglobulin, B-cell signaling pathway and T cell phenotypic differentiation. Interestingly, the HPLP could affect the natural killer cells mediated cytotoxicity on this basis. The above results indicated the effects of honey processing on the chemical composition and biological activities of licorice polysaccharides and elucidated the underlying mechanism of the superior biological activities of HPLP over RLP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxin Xia
- School of pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 751104, China; Key Laboratory of Ningxia Minority Medicine Modernization, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Yushu Wang
- School of pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 751104, China; Key Laboratory of Ningxia Minority Medicine Modernization, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Mengxin Tao
- School of pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 751104, China; Key Laboratory of Ningxia Minority Medicine Modernization, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Tingting Li
- School of pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 751104, China; Key Laboratory of Ningxia Minority Medicine Modernization, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China; Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, 750004 Yinchuan, China
| | - Xueyan Fu
- School of pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 751104, China; Key Laboratory of Ningxia Minority Medicine Modernization, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China; Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, 750004 Yinchuan, China.
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Li Y, Yin Y, Xiong J, Zhang Z, Li L, Zhang B, Zhang F, Mao D. Combining Network Pharmacology and Transcriptomics to Investigate the Mechanisms of Yujiang Paidu Decoction in the Treatment of Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps. Drug Des Devel Ther 2024; 18:3791-3809. [PMID: 39219695 PMCID: PMC11365509 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s461769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 08/21/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Yujiang Paidu Decoction (YJPD) has demonstrated clinical efficacy in the treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis. However, the effects and mechanisms of the YJPD on chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) remain unclear. Purpose This study aimed to elucidate the potential mechanism of action of YJPD in the treatment of CRSwNP based on network pharmacology, transcriptomics and experiments. Methods A CRSwNP mouse model was established using ovalbumin (OVA) and staphylococcus aureus enterotoxin B (SEB) for 12 weeks and the human nasal epithelial cell (HNEpC) model was induced with IL-13 in vitro. Behavioral tests, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), micro-CT and pathological change of nasal tissues were observed to investigate the therapeutic effects of YJPD. Network pharmacology and transcriptomics were launched to explore the pharmacological mechanisms of YJPD in CRSwNP treatment. Finally, an ELISA, immunofluorescence, RT-qPCR, Western blotting and Tunel were performed for validation. Results Different doses of YJPD intervention effectively alleviated rubbing and sneezing symptoms in CRSwNP mice. Additionally, YJPD significantly reduced abnormal serological markers, structural damage of the nasal mucosa, inflammatory cell infiltration, goblet cell increases, and inhibited OVA-specific IgE levels and the secretion of Th2 cytokines such as IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13. Moreover, transcriptomics and network pharmacology analyses indicated that YJPD may exert anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects by inhibiting the MAPK/AP-1 signaling pathway. The experimental findings supported this conclusion, which was further corroborated by similar results observed in IL13-induced HNEpCs in vitro. Conclusion YJPD could alleviate inflammatory status and epithelial apoptosis by inhibiting aberrant activation of MAPK/AP-1 signaling pathway. This finding provides a strong basis for using YJPD as a potential treatment in CRSwNP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Li
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yadong Yin
- Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
| | - Juan Xiong
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yongchuan Chinese Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhipeng Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Linglong Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yongchuan Chinese Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Baoshun Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yongchuan Chinese Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dehong Mao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yongchuan Chinese Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
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Fan QQ, Zhai BT, Zhang D, Zhang XF, Cheng JX, Guo DY, Tian H. Study on the Underlying Mechanism of Yinhua Gout Granules in the Treatment of Gouty Arthritis by Integrating Transcriptomics and Network Pharmacology. Drug Des Devel Ther 2024; 18:3089-3112. [PMID: 39050804 PMCID: PMC11268870 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s475442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose Yinhua Gout Granules (YGG) is a traditional Chinese medicine preparation with a variety of pharmacological effects, and its clinical efficacy in the treatment of gouty arthritis (GA) has been fully confirmed. However, the pharmacodynamic basis of YGG and its anti-inflammatory mechanism of action in GA are unknown. The objective of this study was to identify the active components and molecular mechanisms of YGG in the treatment of GA. Methods Ultra-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-ESI-MS/MS) and network pharmacology were used to identify and predict the potential active ingredients and related signaling pathways. Then, we revealed the anti-GA effects of YGG based on pharmacodynamic experiments in GA rats. Finally, we integrated transcriptomics and network pharmacology to elucidate the potential mechanism of action and verified the putative mechanism by molecular docking, immunohistochemical (IHC) and Western blot. Results We have identified 10 major active components of YGG that may have anti-GA effects, such as ferulic acid, rutin, luteolin, etc. Using molecular docking, we found that 10 major compounds could bind well to TNF, PTGS2, IL-6, IL1β, NOS2 and PTGS1, and the binding energies were all less than -5 kcal/mol. Animal studies have shown that YGG can improve joint inflammation and inflammatory cell infiltration, reduce serum UA, BUN and Cr levels (p<0.01), and decrease IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, COX-2 and PGE2 levels in synovial tissue (p<0.01), which are associated with the pathogenesis of GA. IHC and Western blot results showed that YGG could regulate TLR4/MYD88/NF-κB pathway to inhibit the inflammatory response induced by GA. Conclusion This study found that YGG could not only improve the disease of GA by inhibiting the production of UA in the body, but also target the regulation of TLR4/MYD88/NF-κB signaling pathway through a variety of active components to achieve effective therapeutic effects on GA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang-qiang Fan
- School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi’an, 712046, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bing-tao Zhai
- School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi’an, 712046, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dan Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi’an, 712046, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao-fei Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi’an, 712046, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiang-xue Cheng
- School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi’an, 712046, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dong-yan Guo
- School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi’an, 712046, People’s Republic of China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Fundamentals and New Drugs Research, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi’an, 712046, People’s Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Characteristic Qin Medicine Resources (Cultivation), Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi’an, 712046, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huan Tian
- Xi’an Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi’an, 712046, People’s Republic of China
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Wubuli A, Chai J, Liu H, Nijat D, Li J, Xia G, Cao Q, Zhang S, Huang W, Aipire A, Li J. In vivo pharmacokinetics of Glycyrrhiza uralensis polysaccharides. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1431221. [PMID: 39101144 PMCID: PMC11294697 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1431221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Glycyrrhiza uralensis polysaccharides (GUPS) are widely applied in biomedicine and functional food due to their multiple pharmacological activities and low toxicity. Despite their widespread use, the in vivo metabolic profile of GUPS remains poorly understood. To address this gap, we developed a quantitative analysis method that involves labeling GUPS with visible fluorescein (5-DTAF) and near-infrared (NIR) fluorescein (Cy7), resulting in stable conjugates with substitution degrees of 0.81% for 5-DTAF and 0.39% for Cy7. The pharmacokinetic studies showed a biphasic elimination pattern in the blood concentration-time curve following both intravenous and oral administration, consistent with a two-compartment model. Using fluorescence quantification and NIR imaging, we observed that GUPS was distributed to various tissues, exhibiting higher concentrations particularly in liver, kidney and lung. Excretion studies indicated that feces were the major excretion pathway of GUPS after oral administration (60.98%), whereas urine was the main pathway after intravenous administration (31.16%). Notably, GUPS could be absorbed rapidly by gut (Tmax 1 ± 0.61 h) and showed a biological half-time t1/2 26.4 ± 7.72 h after oral administration. Furthermore, the Caco-2 cells uptake studies illustrated that macropinocytosis and clathrin-mediated endocytosis were participated in the transport of GUPS in intestine epithelium. This comprehensive analysis of the in vivo pharmacokinetics of GUPS not only enhances our understanding of its metabolic pathways but also establishes a foundational basis for its clinical application, optimizing its therapeutic potential and safety profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abudukahaer Wubuli
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, China
| | - Junwei Chai
- Urumqi Xinze Ziqi Biotechnology Company, Limited, Urumqi, China
| | - Haoqiang Liu
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, China
| | - Dilaram Nijat
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, China
| | - Jianmin Li
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, China
| | - Guoyu Xia
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, China
| | - Qi Cao
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, China
| | - Saidan Zhang
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, China
| | | | - Adila Aipire
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, China
| | - Jinyao Li
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, China
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Wang Y, Hao Y, Yuan L, Tian H, Sun X, Zhang Y. Ferroptosis: a new mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine for treating ulcerative colitis. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1379058. [PMID: 38895617 PMCID: PMC11184165 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1379058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC), a subtype of inflammatory bowel disease, manifests with symptoms such as abdominal pain, diarrhea, and mucopurulent, bloody stools. The pathogenesis of UC is not fully understood. At present, the incidence of UC has increased significantly around the world. Conventional therapeutic arsenals are relatively limited, with often poor efficacy and many adverse effects. In contrast, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) holds promise due to their notable effectiveness, reduced recurrence rates, and minimal side effects. In recent years, significant progress has been made in the basic research on TCM for UC treatment. It has been found that the inhibition of ferroptosis through the intervention of TCM can significantly promote intestinal mucosal healing and reverse UC. The mechanism of action involves multiple targets and pathways. Aim of the review This review summarizes the experimental studies on the targeted regulation of ferroptosis by TCM and its impact on UC in recent years, aiming to provide theoretical basis for the prevention, treatment, and further drug development for UC. Results Ferroptosis disrupts antioxidant mechanisms in intestinal epithelial cells, damages the intestinal mucosa, and participates in the pathological process of UC. TCM acts on various pathways such as Nrf2/HO-1 and GSH/GPX4, blocking the pathological progression of ferroptosis in intestinal epithelial cells, inhibiting pathological damage to the intestinal mucosa, and thereby alleviating UC. Conclusion The diverse array of TCM single herbs, extracts and herbal formulas facilitates selective and innovative research and development of new TCM methods for targeting UC treatment. Although progress has been made in studying TCM compound formulas, single herbs, and extracts, there are still many issues in clinical and basic experimental designs, necessitating further in-depth scientific exploration and research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingyi Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanwei Hao
- Department of Geriatrics, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Lingling Yuan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Huaie Tian
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xuhui Sun
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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Xu J, Sun Q, Qiu M, Wu Y, Cheng L, Jiang N, Zhang R, Chen J, Yuan W, Jin H, Wang W, Cai Y, Zhang C, Wang P. Exploring the pharmacological mechanism of Glycyrrhiza uralensis against KOA through integrating network pharmacology and experimental assessment. J Cell Mol Med 2024; 28:e18319. [PMID: 38742846 PMCID: PMC11092526 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.18319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Knee osteoarthritis (KOA), a major health and economic problem facing older adults worldwide, is a degenerative joint disease. Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch. (GC) plays an integral role in many classic Chinese medicine prescriptions for treating knee osteoarthritis. Still, the role of GC in treating KOA is unclear. To explore the pharmacological mechanism of GC against KOA, UPLC-Q-TOF/MS was conducted to detect the main compounds in GC. The therapeutic effect of GC on DMM-induced osteoarthritic mice was assessed by histomorphology, μCT, behavioural tests, and immunohistochemical staining. Network pharmacology and molecular docking were used to predict the potential targets of GC against KOA. The predicted results were verified by immunohistochemical staining Animal experiments showed that GC had a protective effect on DMM-induced KOA, mainly in the improvement of movement disorders, subchondral bone sclerosis and cartilage damage. A variety of flavonoids and triterpenoids were detected in GC via UPLC-Q-TOF/MS, such as Naringenin. Seven core targets (JUN, MAPK3, MAPK1, AKT1, TP53, RELA and STAT3) and three main pathways (IL-17, NF-κB and TNF signalling pathways) were discovered through network pharmacology analysis that closely related to inflammatory response. Interestingly, molecular docking results showed that the active ingredient Naringenin had a good binding effect on anti-inflammatory-related proteins. In the verification experiment, after the intervention of GC, the expression levels of pp65 and F4/80 inflammatory indicators in the knee joint of KOA model mice were significantly downregulated. GC could improve the inflammatory environment in DMM-induced osteoarthritic mice thus alleviating the physiological structure and dysfunction of the knee joint. GC might play an important role in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianbo Xu
- Institute of Orthopedics and TraumatologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine)HangzhouChina
- College of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouChina
- The First People's Hospital of Xiaoshan DistrictXiaoshan Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
| | - Qi Sun
- Department of Orthopedic Joint SurgeryHangzhou Fuyang Hospital of TCM Orthopaedics and TraumatologyHangzhouChina
| | - Min Qiu
- Institute of Orthopedics and TraumatologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine)HangzhouChina
- College of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Yungang Wu
- Department of the Orthopedics of TCMThe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
| | - Liangyan Cheng
- Institute of Orthopedics and TraumatologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine)HangzhouChina
- College of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Nanwan Jiang
- Hangzhou Yiyuan Pharmaceutical Technology Co., Ltd.HangzhouChina
| | - Ruogu Zhang
- Institute of Orthopedics and TraumatologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine)HangzhouChina
- College of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouChina
- The First College of Clinical MedicineZhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Jiali Chen
- Institute of Orthopedics and TraumatologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine)HangzhouChina
- College of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouChina
- The First College of Clinical MedicineZhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Wenhua Yuan
- Institute of Orthopedics and TraumatologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine)HangzhouChina
- College of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouChina
- The First College of Clinical MedicineZhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Hongting Jin
- Institute of Orthopedics and TraumatologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine)HangzhouChina
- College of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouChina
- The First College of Clinical MedicineZhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Weidong Wang
- Department of the Orthopedic SurgeryThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Yunhuo Cai
- Department of the Orthopedic SurgeryThe Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Chunchun Zhang
- Institute of Orthopedics and TraumatologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine)HangzhouChina
- College of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Pinger Wang
- Institute of Orthopedics and TraumatologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine)HangzhouChina
- College of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouChina
- The First College of Clinical MedicineZhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouChina
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Huang C, Lyu C, Mok HL, Xu Y, Cheng KW, Zhang C, Hu D, Zhu L, Lin C, Chen X, Tan HY, Bian Z. Tolerogenic dendritic cell-mediated regulatory T cell differentiation by Chinese herbal formulation attenuates colitis progression. J Adv Res 2024:S2090-1232(24)00167-X. [PMID: 38677546 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2024.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by loss of immune tolerance to luminal antigens and progressive intestinal tissue injury. Thus, the re-establishment of immune tolerance is crucial for suppressing aberrant immune responses and UC progression. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to investigate the mechanisms underlying the action of CDD-2103 and its bioactive compounds in mediating immune regulation in mouse models of colitis. METHODS Two experimental colitis models, chronic 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS)- and T-cell transfer-induced Rag1-/- mice, were used to determine the effects of CDD-2103 on colitis progression. Single-cell transcriptome analysis was used to profile the immune landscape and its interactions after CDD-2103 treatment. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) was used to analyze the major components interacting with lymphoid cells. A primary cell co-culture system was used to confirm the effects of bioactive component. RESULTS CDD-2103 dose-dependently suppresses the progression of colitis induced by chemicals or T cell transplantation in Rag1-/- mice. The effect of CDD-2103 is primarily attributable to an increase in the de novo generation of regulatory T cells (Tregs) in the lamina propria (LP). Single-cell transcriptomic analysis revealed that CDD-2103 treatment increased the number of tolerogenic dendritic cells (DCs). Mechanistically, CDD-2103 promoted tolerogenic DCs accumulation and function by upregulating several genes in the electron transport chain related to oxidative phosphorylation, leading to increased differentiation of Tregs. Further LC-MS analysis identified several compounds in CDD-2103, particularly those distributed within the mesenteric lymph nodes of mice. Subsequent studies revealed that palmatine and berberine promoted tolerogenic bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDC)-mediated Treg differentiation. CONCLUSION Overall, our study demonstrated that the clinically beneficial effect of CDD-2103 in the treatment of UC is based on the induction of immune tolerance. In addition, this study supports berberine and palmatine as potential chemical entities in CDD-2103 that modulate immune tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunhua Huang
- Centre for Chinese Herbal Medicine Drug Development, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China; School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Cheng Lyu
- Centre for Chinese Herbal Medicine Drug Development, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Heung-Lam Mok
- Centre for Chinese Herbal Medicine Drug Development, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Yiqi Xu
- Centre for Chinese Herbal Medicine Drug Development, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Ka-Wing Cheng
- Centre for Chinese Herbal Medicine Drug Development, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China; School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Die Hu
- Centre for Chinese Herbal Medicine Drug Development, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China; School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Lin Zhu
- Centre for Chinese Herbal Medicine Drug Development, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Chengyuan Lin
- Centre for Chinese Herbal Medicine Drug Development, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Xin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau Special Administrative Regions of China
| | - Hor-Yue Tan
- Centre for Chinese Herbal Medicine Drug Development, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China; School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.
| | - Zhaoxiang Bian
- Centre for Chinese Herbal Medicine Drug Development, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China; School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.
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Kong J, Xiang Q, Ge W, Wang Y, Xu F, Shi G. Network pharmacology mechanisms and experimental verification of licorice in the treatment of ulcerative colitis. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 324:117691. [PMID: 38176667 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Licorice is widely used in the treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC) and has good antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, but its specific active ingredients and mechanisms of action are still unknown. THE PURPOSE OF THE STUDY To elucidate the specific molecular mechanisms of licorice in the treatment of UC and to experimentally verify its activity. METHODS Through network pharmacology, the active ingredients of licorice and the molecular targets of UC were identified. A traditional Chinese medicine (TCM)-components-target-disease network diagram was established, and the binding energies of the active ingredient and targets of licorice were verified by molecular docking. A BALB/c mice model of UC was established by treatment with 3% dextran sulfate sodium (DSS). The effect of licorice on colon tissue injury was histologically assessed. The expression of IL-6 and IL-17 in colon tissue was detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used to observe morphological changes in mitochondria in the colon. Caco2 cells were treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) for 24 h to establish the cell inflammatory damage model, and cells were exposed to different concentrations of drug-containing serum of Licorice (DCSL) for 24 h. In cells treated with the drug, the contents of oxidation markers were measured and ELISA was used to determine the levels of inflammatory factors in the cells. TEM was used to observe morphological changes in mitochondria. ZO-1 and occludin were detected by Western blotting. DCSL effects on autophagy were evaluated by treating cells with DCSL and autophagy inhibitor for 24 h after LPS injection. Small interfering ribonucleic acid (si-RNA) was used to silence Nrf2 gene expression in Caco2 cells to observe the effects of DCSL on autophagy through the Nrf2/PINK1 pathway. Nrf2, PINK1, HO-1, Parkin, P62, and LC3 were detected by Western blotting. RESULTS Ninety-one active ingredients and 339 action targets and 792 UC disease targets were identified, 99 of which were overlapping targets. Molecular docking was used to analyze the binding energies of liquiritin, liquiritigenin, glycyrrhizic acid, and glycyrrhetinic acid to the targets, with glycyrrhetinic acid having the strongest binding energy. In the UC mouse model, licorice improved colon histopathological changes, reduced levels of IL-6 and IL-17 and repaired mitochondrial damage. In the LPS-induced inflammation model of Caco2 cells, DCSL decreased MDA, IL-1β, Il-6, and TNF-α levels and increased those of Superoxide Dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX), and IL-10, and improved the morphological changes of mitochondria. Increased expression of Nrf2, PINK1, Parkin, HO-1, ZO-1, occludin, P62, and LC3 promoted autophagy and reduced inflammation levels. CONCLUSION Licorice improves UC, which may be related to the activation of the Nrf2/PINK1 signaling pathway that regulates autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinrong Kong
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei City, Anhui Province, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Hefei City, Anhui Province, China
| | - Qingzhen Xiang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei City, Anhui Province, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Hefei City, Anhui Province, China
| | - Wanyue Ge
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei City, Anhui Province, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Hefei City, Anhui Province, China
| | - Yunlai Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei City, Anhui Province, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Hefei City, Anhui Province, China
| | - Fan Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei City, Anhui Province, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Hefei City, Anhui Province, China.
| | - Gaoxiang Shi
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei City, Anhui Province, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Hefei City, Anhui Province, China.
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Li X, Sun J, Wu Y, Li C, Peng G, Zheng Y. Enhancement of immunomodulatory effect of licorice after honey-roasting based on gut microbiota and fecal metabolomics. CYTA - JOURNAL OF FOOD 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/19476337.2023.2193605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
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Li Y, Lin Y, Zheng X, Zheng X, Yan M, Wang H, Liu C. Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench Polysaccharide Alleviates DSS-Induced Colitis in Rats by Restoring Th17/Treg Balance and Regulating Intestinal Flora. Foods 2023; 12:4265. [PMID: 38231750 DOI: 10.3390/foods12234265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Echinacea purpurea is popularly used as a food supplement or nutritional supplement for its immune regulatory function against various threats. As one of its promising components, Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench polysaccharide (EPP) has a wide range of biological activities. To evaluate the effect of EPP as a dietary supplement on ulcerative colitis (UC), this study used sodium dextran sulfate (DSS) to induce a UC model, extracted EPP using the ethanol subsiding method, and then supplemented with EPP by gavage for 7 days. Then, we evaluated the efficacy of EPP on DSS rats in terms of immunity, anti-inflammation, and intestinal flora. The result showed that EPP could alleviate colonic shortening and intestinal injury in rats with DSS-induced colitis, decrease the disease activity index (DAI) score, downregulate serum levels of inflammatory cytokines, and contribute to the restoration of the balance between the T helper cells 17 (Th17) and the regulatory T cells (Treg) in the spleen and mesenteric lymph nodes (MLNs). Meanwhile, EPP could downregulate the expression of Toll-like receptors 4 (TLR4), myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88), and nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) in colon tissue. In addition, the results of 16SrRNA sequencing showed that EPP also had a regulatory effect on intestinal flora of UC rats. These results indicate that EPP might achieve a beneficial effect on UC rats as a dietary supplement through restoring Th17/Treg balance, inhibiting the TLR4 signaling pathway and regulating intestinal flora, suggesting its possible application as a potential functional food ingredient alleviating UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaoxing Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yongshi Lin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xirui Zheng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xiaoman Zheng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Mingen Yan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Huiting Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Cui Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Technology Research Center for Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine and Nature Medicine, Guangzhou 510642, China
- International Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Guangzhou 510642, China
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12
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Xu Q, Yao Y, Liu Y, Zhang J, Mao L. The mechanism of traditional medicine in alleviating ulcerative colitis: regulating intestinal barrier function. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1228969. [PMID: 37876728 PMCID: PMC10590899 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1228969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an idiopathic inflammatory disease mainly affects the large bowel and the rectum. The pathogenesis of this disease has not been fully elucidated, while the disruption of the intestinal barrier function triggered by various stimulating factors related to the host genetics, immunity, gut microbiota, and environment has been considered to be major mechanisms that affect the development of UC. Given the limited effective therapies, the treatment of this disease is not ideal and its incidence and prevalence are increasing. Therefore, developing new therapies with high efficiency and efficacy is important for treating UC. Many recent studies disclosed that numerous herbal decoctions and natural compounds derived from traditional herbal medicine showed promising therapeutic activities in animal models of colitis and have gained increasing attention from scientists in the study of UC. Some of these decoctions and compounds can effectively alleviate colonic inflammation and relieve clinical symptoms in animal models of colitis via regulating intestinal barrier function. While no study is available to review the underlying mechanisms of these potential therapies in regulating the integrity and function of the intestinal barrier. This review aims to summarize the effects of various herbal decoctions or bioactive compounds on the severity of colonic inflammation via various mechanisms, mainly including regulating the production of tight junction proteins, mucins, the composition of gut microbiota and microbial-associated metabolites, the infiltration of inflammatory cells and mediators, and the oxidative stress in the gut. On this basis, we discussed the related regulators and the affected signaling pathways of the mentioned traditional medicine in modulating the disruption or restoration of the intestinal barrier, such as NF-κB/MAPK, PI3K, and HIF-1α signaling pathways. In addition, the possible limitations of current studies and a prospect for future investigation and development of new UC therapies are provided based on our knowledge and current understanding. This review may improve our understanding of the current progression in studies of traditional medicine-derived therapies in protecting the intestinal barrier function and their roles in alleviating animal models of UC. It may be beneficial to the work of researchers in both basic and translational studies of UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuyun Xu
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuan Yao
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yongchao Liu
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Liming Mao
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
- Basic Medical Research Center, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, China
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13
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Park HR, Cai M, Yang EJ. Novel Psychopharmacological Herbs Relieve Behavioral Abnormalities and Hippocampal Dysfunctions in an Animal Model of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder. Nutrients 2023; 15:3815. [PMID: 37686847 PMCID: PMC10490282 DOI: 10.3390/nu15173815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is an anxiety disorder caused by traumatic or frightening events, with intensified anxiety, fear memories, and cognitive impairment caused by a dysfunctional hippocampus. Owing to its complex phenotype, currently prescribed treatments for PTSD are limited. This study investigated the psychopharmacological effects of novel COMBINATION herbal medicines on the hippocampus of a PTSD murine model induced by combining single prolonged stress (SPS) and foot shock (FS). We designed a novel herbal formula extract (HFE) from Chaenomeles sinensis, Glycyrrhiza uralensis, and Atractylodes macrocephala. SPS+FS mice were administered HFE (500 and 1000 mg/kg) once daily for 14 days. The effects of HFE of HFE on the hippocampus were analyzed using behavioral tests, immunostaining, Golgi staining, and Western blotting. HFE alleviated anxiety-like behavior and fear response, improved short-term memory, and restored hippocampal dysfunction, including hippocampal neurogenesis alteration and aberrant migration and hyperactivation of dentate granule cells in SPS+FS mice. HFE increased phosphorylation of the Kv4.2 potassium channel, extracellular signal-regulated kinase, and cAMP response element-binding protein, which were reduced in the hippocampus of SPS+FS mice. Therefore, our study suggests HFE as a potential therapeutic drug for PTSD by improving behavioral impairment and hippocampal dysfunction and regulating Kv4.2 potassium channel-related pathways in the hippocampus.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Eun Jin Yang
- Department of KM Science Research, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM), Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea; (H.R.P.); (M.C.)
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14
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Choi NR, Kwon MJ, Choi WG, Kim SC, Park JW, Nam JH, Kim BJ. The traditional herbal medicines mixture, Banhasasim-tang, relieves the symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome via modulation of TRPA1, NaV1.5 and NaV1.7 channels. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 312:116499. [PMID: 37059250 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The cause of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), a functional gastrointestinal (GI) disorder, remains unclear. Banhasasim-tang (BHSST), a traditional herbal medicines mixture, mainly used to treat GI-related diseases, may have a potential in IBS treatment. IBS is characterized by abdominal pain as the main clinical symptom, which seriously affects the quality of life. AIM OF THE STUDY We conducted a study to evaluate the effectiveness of BHSST and its mechanisms of action in treating IBS. MATERIALS AND METHODS We evaluated the efficacy of BHSST in a zymosan-induced diarrhea-predominant animal model of IBS. Electrophysiological methods were used to confirm modulation of transient receptor potential (TRP) and voltage-gated Na+ (NaV) ion channels, which are associated mechanisms of action. RESULTS Oral administration of BHSST decreased colon length, increased stool scores, and increased colon weight. Weight loss was also minimized without affecting food intake. In mice administered with BHSST, the mucosal thickness was suppressed, making it similar to that of normal mice, and the degree of tumor necrosis factor-α was severely reduced. These effects were similar to those of the anti-inflammatory drug-sulfasalazine-and antidepressant-amitriptyline. Moreover, pain-related behaviors were substantially reduced. Additionally, BHSST inhibited TRPA1, NaV1.5, and NaV1.7 ion channels associated with IBS-mediated visceral hypersensitivity. CONCLUSIONS In summary, the findings suggest that BHSST has potential beneficial effects on IBS and diarrhea through the modulation of ion channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Ri Choi
- Department of Longevity and Biofunctional Medicine, Pusan National University School of Korean Medicine, Yangsan, 50612, Republic of Korea.
| | - Min Ji Kwon
- Department of Longevity and Biofunctional Medicine, Pusan National University School of Korean Medicine, Yangsan, 50612, Republic of Korea.
| | - Woo-Gyun Choi
- Department of Longevity and Biofunctional Medicine, Pusan National University School of Korean Medicine, Yangsan, 50612, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sang Chan Kim
- College of Oriental Medicine Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan, 38610, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Woo Park
- Department of Clinical Korean Medicine, Graduate School of Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea; Department of Gastroenterology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea.
| | - Joo Hyun Nam
- Department of Physiology, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Kyungju, 38066, Republic of Korea; Channelopathy Research Center (CRC), Dongguk University College of Medicine, Goyang, 10326, Republic of Korea.
| | - Byung Joo Kim
- Department of Longevity and Biofunctional Medicine, Pusan National University School of Korean Medicine, Yangsan, 50612, Republic of Korea.
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Long XQ, Liu MZ, Liu ZH, Xia LZ, Lu SP, Xu XP, Wu MH. Bile acids and their receptors: Potential therapeutic targets in inflammatory bowel disease. World J Gastroenterol 2023; 29:4252-4270. [PMID: 37545642 PMCID: PMC10401658 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v29.i27.4252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic and recurrent inflammatory disorders of the gastrointestinal tract caused by a complex interplay between genetics and intestinal dysbiosis are called inflammatory bowel disease. As a result of the interaction between the liver and the gut microbiota, bile acids are an atypical class of steroids produced in mammals and traditionally known for their function in food absorption. With the development of genomics and metabolomics, more and more data suggest that the pathophysiological mechanisms of inflammatory bowel disease are regulated by bile acids and their receptors. Bile acids operate as signalling molecules by activating a variety of bile acid receptors that impact intestinal flora, epithelial barrier function, and intestinal immunology. Inflammatory bowel disease can be treated in new ways by using these potential molecules. This paper mainly discusses the increasing function of bile acids and their receptors in inflammatory bowel disease and their prospective therapeutic applications. In addition, we explore bile acid metabolism and the interaction of bile acids and the gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiong-Quan Long
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University (Hunan Provincial People's Hospital), Changsha 410005, Hunan Province, China
| | - Ming-Zhu Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University (Hunan Provincial People's Hospital), Changsha 410005, Hunan Province, China
| | - Zi-Hao Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University (Hunan Provincial People's Hospital), Changsha 410005, Hunan Province, China
| | - Lv-Zhou Xia
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University (Hunan Provincial People's Hospital), Changsha 410005, Hunan Province, China
| | - Shi-Peng Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University (Hunan Provincial People's Hospital), Changsha 410005, Hunan Province, China
| | - Xiao-Ping Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University (Hunan Provincial People's Hospital), Changsha 410005, Hunan Province, China
| | - Ming-Hao Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University (Hunan Provincial People's Hospital), Changsha 410005, Hunan Province, China
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Yan BF, Wang Y, Wang WB, Ding XJ, Wei B, Liu SJ, Fu TM, Chen L, Zhang JZ, Liu J, Zheng X. Huangqin decoction mitigates hepatic inflammation in high-fat diet-challenged rats by inhibiting TLR4/NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 303:115999. [PMID: 36509260 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become the most common chronic hepatopathy worldwide, in which ectopic steatosis (5%) and inflammatory infiltration in the liver are the principal clinical characteristics. Huangqin decoction (HQD), a Chinese medicine formula used in the clinic for thousands of years, presents appreciable anti-inflammatory effects. Nevertheless, the role and mechanism of HQD against inflammation in NAFLD are still undefined. AIM OF THE STUDY The objective of this study was to evaluate the curative efficacy and unravel the involved mechanism of HQD on a high-fat diet (HFD)-induced NAFLD. MATERIALS AND METHODS First, HPLC was utilized to analyze the main chemical components of HQD. Then, NAFLD model was introduced by subjecting the rats to HFD for 16 weeks, and HQD (400 and 800 mg/kg) or polyene lecithin choline (PLC, 8 mg/kg) was given orally from week 8-16. Pharmacodynamic indicators including body weight, liver weight, liver index, as well as biochemical and histological parameters were assessed. As to mechanism exploration, the expressions of TLR4/NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway and molecular docking between major phytochemicals of HQD and key targets of TLR4/NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway were investigated. RESULTS Seven main monomeric constituents of HQD were revealed by HPLC analysis. Of note, HQD could effectively attenuate the body weight, liver weight, and liver index, rescue disorders in serum transaminases and lipid profile, correct hepatic histological abnormalities, and reduce phagocytes infiltration into the liver and pro-inflammatory cytokines release in NAFLD rats. Mechanism investigation discovered that HQD harbored inhibitory effects on TLR4/NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway-regulated liver inflammation. Further exploration found that seven phytochemicals in HQD exhibited better binding modes with TLR4/NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway, in which baicalein, baicalin and liquiritin presented the highest affinity and docking score for protein TLR4, NF-κB, and NLRP3, respectively. CONCLUSIONS These findings confirmed that HQD ameliorated hepatic inflammation in NAFLD rats by blocking the TLR4/NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway, with multi-components and multi-targets action pattern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bao-Fei Yan
- Jiangsu Health Vocational College, Nanjing, 211800, PR China; School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, PR China
| | - Yun Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, the Second People's Hospital of Huai'an, Huai'an, 223002, PR China
| | - Wen-Bo Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Kunshan Hospital of Jiangsu University, Kunshan, 215300, PR China
| | - Xiao-Jun Ding
- Department of Otolaryngology, Affiliated Kunshan Hospital of Jiangsu University, Kunshan, 215300, PR China
| | - Bin Wei
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Kunshan Hospital of Jiangsu University, Kunshan, 215300, PR China
| | - Sheng-Jin Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, PR China
| | - Ting-Ming Fu
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, PR China
| | - Ling Chen
- Jiangsu Health Vocational College, Nanjing, 211800, PR China
| | | | - Jia Liu
- Jiangsu Health Vocational College, Nanjing, 211800, PR China.
| | - Xian Zheng
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Kunshan Hospital of Jiangsu University, Kunshan, 215300, PR China.
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Kong J, Xiang Q, Shi G, Xu Z, Ma X, Wang Y, Xuan Z, Xu F. Licorice protects against ulcerative colitis via the Nrf2/PINK1-mediated mitochondrial autophagy. Immun Inflamm Dis 2022; 11:e757. [PMID: 36705402 PMCID: PMC9795328 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Study of the effects and mechanisms of licorice in the treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC) from the perspective of mitochondrial autophagy. METHODS BALB/C mice were induced with 3% dextran sodium sulfate to build an animal model of UC. After 7 days of modeling, different doses of licorice were administered for 7 days. Hematoxylin and eosin staining is used to detect pathological changes in the colon. Mitochondrial membrane potentials and reactive oxygen species (ROS) contents were detected by flow cytometry, and autophagy of mitochondria was observed by transmission electron microscopy. Determination of inflammatory cytokines by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The oxidizing factors are detected by the kits. Western blot analysis was used to detect expressions for nuclear factor called erythropoietin (Nrf2), pten-induced protein kinase 1 (PINK1), Parkin, HO-1, P62, and LC3. RESULTS Licorice improved the pathological condition of UC mice, increasing the mitochondrial membrane potential and decreasing the ROS content. Promotes the emergence of autophagosomes and autophagosomes. The contents of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-17, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha were downregulated, the contents of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase were upregulated and the contents of malondialdehyde were downregulated. In addition, licorice promotes the expression of Nrf2, PINK1, Parkin, HO-1, P62, and LC3. CONCLUSION Licorice was shown to reduce levels of inflammatory factors and oxidative stress in mice with UC, possibly by promoting mitochondrial autophagy through the activation of the Nrf2/PINK1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinrong Kong
- School of PharmacyAnhui University of Chinese MedicineHefeiPeople's Republic of China,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal FormulaHefeiPeople's Republic of China
| | - Qingzhen Xiang
- School of PharmacyAnhui University of Chinese MedicineHefeiPeople's Republic of China,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal FormulaHefeiPeople's Republic of China
| | - Gaoxiang Shi
- School of PharmacyAnhui University of Chinese MedicineHefeiPeople's Republic of China,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal FormulaHefeiPeople's Republic of China
| | - Zaiping Xu
- School of PharmacyAnhui University of Chinese MedicineHefeiPeople's Republic of China,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal FormulaHefeiPeople's Republic of China
| | - Xiaowen Ma
- School of PharmacyAnhui University of Chinese MedicineHefeiPeople's Republic of China,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal FormulaHefeiPeople's Republic of China
| | - Yunlai Wang
- School of PharmacyAnhui University of Chinese MedicineHefeiPeople's Republic of China,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal FormulaHefeiPeople's Republic of China
| | - Zihua Xuan
- School of PharmacyAnhui University of Chinese MedicineHefeiPeople's Republic of China,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal FormulaHefeiPeople's Republic of China
| | - Fan Xu
- School of PharmacyAnhui University of Chinese MedicineHefeiPeople's Republic of China,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal FormulaHefeiPeople's Republic of China
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