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Jia J, Minella M, Ruiz MC, Decker J, Li D, Gonçalves NPF, Prevot AB, Lin T, Giannakis S. Small concentrations, big results: μM addition of photoactive iron oxides with PMS, PDS, or H 2O 2, leads to enhanced removal of viruses at near-neutral pH. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 258:121760. [PMID: 38795547 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.121760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024]
Abstract
The photo-Fenton process is effective for pathogen removal, and its low-cost versions can be applied in resource-poor contexts. Herein, a photo-Fenton-like system was proposed using low concentrations of iron oxides (hematite and magnetite) and persulfates (peroxymonosulfate - PMS, and peroxydisulfate - PDS), which exhibited excellent inactivation performance towards MS2 bacteriophages. In the presence of bacteria, MS2 inactivation was inhibited in H2O2 and PDS systems but promoted in PMS-involved systems. The inactivation efficacy of all the proposed systems for mixed bacteria and viruses was greater than that of the sole bacteria, showing potential practical applications. The inactivation performance of humic acid-incorporated iron oxides mediating photo-Fenton-like processes was also studied; except for the PMS-involved system, the inactivation efficacy of the H2O2- and PDS-involved systems was inhibited, but the PDS-involved system was still acceptable (< 2 h). Reactive species exploration experiments indicated that ·OH was the main radical in the H2O2 and PDS systems, whereas 1O2 played a key role in the PMS-involved system. In summary, hematite- and magnetite-mediated persulfate-assisted photo-Fenton-like systems at low concentrations can be used as alternatives to the photo-Fenton process for virus inactivation in sunny areas, providing more possibilities for point-of-use drinking water treatment in developing countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialin Jia
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China; Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, E.T.S. Ingenieros de Caminos, Canales y Puertos, Departamento de Ingeniería Civil: Hidráulica, Energía y Medio Ambiente, Unidad docente Ingeniería Sanitaria, c/ Profesor Aranguren, s/n, ES-28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marco Minella
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 5, 10125 Turin, Italy
| | - Mercedes Cid Ruiz
- Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, E.T.S. Ingenieros de Caminos, Canales y Puertos, Departamento de Ingeniería Civil: Hidráulica, Energía y Medio Ambiente, Unidad docente Ingeniería Sanitaria, c/ Profesor Aranguren, s/n, ES-28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jeremie Decker
- Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, E.T.S. Ingenieros de Caminos, Canales y Puertos, Departamento de Ingeniería Civil: Hidráulica, Energía y Medio Ambiente, Unidad docente Ingeniería Sanitaria, c/ Profesor Aranguren, s/n, ES-28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Dong Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
| | - Nuno P F Gonçalves
- CICECO - Instituto de Materiais de Aveiro, Departamento de Química, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 5, 10125 Turin, Italy
| | | | - Tao Lin
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China.
| | - Stefanos Giannakis
- Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, E.T.S. Ingenieros de Caminos, Canales y Puertos, Departamento de Ingeniería Civil: Hidráulica, Energía y Medio Ambiente, Unidad docente Ingeniería Sanitaria, c/ Profesor Aranguren, s/n, ES-28040, Madrid, Spain.
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2
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Jia J, Minella M, Del Castillo González I, Lehmann AH, Li D, Gonçalves NPF, Prevot AB, Lin T, Giannakis S. From rust to robust disinfectants: How do iron oxides and inorganic oxidants synergize with UVA light towards bacterial inactivation? THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 931:172740. [PMID: 38677424 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
Pathogens in drinking water remain a challenge for human health, photo-Fenton process is a promising technique for pathogen inactivation, herein, two common iron oxides, hematite and magnetite mediate persulfate (peroxymonosulfate-PMS - and peroxydisulfate-PDS) involved photo-Fenton-like processes were constructed for E. coli inactivation, and the inactivation performance was investigated and compared with the photo-Fenton process under a low intensity UVA irradiation. Results indicated that with a low dose of iron oxides (1 mg/L) and inorganic peroxides (10 mg/L), PMS-involved photo-Fenton-like process is the best substitute for the photo-Fenton one over pH range of 5-8. In addition, humic acid (HA, one of the important components of natural organic matter) incorporated iron oxide-mediated photo-Fenton-like processes for bacteria inactivation was also studied, and facilitating effect was found in UVA/hematite/PMS and UVA/magnetite/PDS systems. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) exploration experiments revealed that ·OH was the predominant radical in H2O2- and PDS-containing systems, whereas 1O2 was one of the principal reactive species in the PMS systems. In addition to the semiconductor photocatalysis of iron oxides and UVA-activated oxidants, iron-complexes (iron-oxidant complexes and iron-bacteria complexes) mediated ligand-to-metal charge transfer (LMCT) processes also made contribution to bacterial inactivation. Overall, this study demonstrates that it is feasible to replace H2O2 with PMS in a photo-Fenton-like process for water disinfection using a low dose of reagents, mediated by cheap catalysts, such as hematite and magnetite, it is also hoped to provide some insights to practical water treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialin Jia
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China; Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, E.T.S. Ingenieros de Caminos, Canales y Puertos, Departamento de Ingeniería Civil: Hidráulica, Energía y Medio Ambiente, Unidad docente Ingeniería Sanitaria, c/ Profesor Aranguren, s/n, ES-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Marco Minella
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 5, 10125 Turin, Italy
| | - Isabel Del Castillo González
- Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, E.T.S. Ingenieros de Caminos, Canales y Puertos, Departamento de Ingeniería Civil: Hidráulica, Energía y Medio Ambiente, Unidad docente Ingeniería Sanitaria, c/ Profesor Aranguren, s/n, ES-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Aurelio Hernández Lehmann
- Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, E.T.S. Ingenieros de Caminos, Canales y Puertos, Departamento de Ingeniería Civil: Hidráulica, Energía y Medio Ambiente, Unidad docente Ingeniería Sanitaria, c/ Profesor Aranguren, s/n, ES-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Dong Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, PR China
| | - Nuno P F Gonçalves
- CICECO - Instituto de Materiais de Aveiro, Departamento de Química, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 5, 10125 Turin, Italy
| | | | - Tao Lin
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China.
| | - Stefanos Giannakis
- Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, E.T.S. Ingenieros de Caminos, Canales y Puertos, Departamento de Ingeniería Civil: Hidráulica, Energía y Medio Ambiente, Unidad docente Ingeniería Sanitaria, c/ Profesor Aranguren, s/n, ES-28040 Madrid, Spain.
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3
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Yuan D, Pang Y, Zhai L, Yan C, Kou Y. Exploring the combination characteristics of dissolved organic matter with erythromycin in a soil infiltration system. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2024; 45:3263-3275. [PMID: 37183650 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2023.2214855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Erythromycin (ERY), as a common macrolides antibiotic, is widely used for sterilisation and disinfection of humans or livestock whose migration and transformation in the surface water environment are significantly related to dissolved organic matter (DOM). The characteristics of DOM can be greatly influenced by the complexation between ERY with itself in soil infiltration system. Using spectroscopic techniques (excitation-emission matrices, parallel factor analysis, Fourier infrared spectroscopy, and synchronous fluorescence spectroscopies) to explore the complexation properties of each DOM component with ERY in the system. The binding order of ERY with DOM functional groups was determined by two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy combined with FTIR. The amide I band v(C = O) exhibited stronger binding affinity. After the treatment, the DOM fluorescence intensity sharply decreased and the ERY concentration declined by 88.36%. Thus, synchronous degradation may occur between them. The result of synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy integrated with two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy indicated that the complexation sequencing and ability of DOM with ERY can be changed by a soil infiltration system. There are more binding sites exhibited in DOM with ERY in effluent than influent. A protein-like component of DOM showed priority binding order and more stable binding with ERY and had the highest Log KM value of 3.61. These results demonstrated that the binding of DOM with ERY in a soil infiltration system could take out most fluorescent DOM, and reduce the concentration and risk of ERY in the surface water body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donghai Yuan
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Urban Sewage System Construction and Risk Control, Key Laboratory of Urban Stormwater System and Water Environment, Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiwen Pang
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Urban Sewage System Construction and Risk Control, Key Laboratory of Urban Stormwater System and Water Environment, Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Linxiao Zhai
- ZC Daring (Beijing) Smart City Science and Technology Development Co. Ltd, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenling Yan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Municipal Solid Waste Detection Analysis and Evaluation, Beijing Municipal Institute of City Management, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingying Kou
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Urban Sewage System Construction and Risk Control, Key Laboratory of Urban Stormwater System and Water Environment, Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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Wei L, Li J, Wang Z, Wu J, Wang S, Cai Z, Lu Y, Su C. Evaluating effects of tetrabromobisphenol A and microplastics on anaerobic granular sludge: Physicochemical properties, microbial metabolism, and underlying mechanisms. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 359:121077. [PMID: 38718604 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.121077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) and microplastics are emerging contaminants of widespread concern. However, little is known about the effects of combined exposure to TBBPA and microplastics on the physicochemical properties and microbial metabolism of anaerobic granular sludge. This study investigated the effects of TBBPA, polystyrene microplastics (PS MP) and polybutylene succinate microplastics (PBS MP) on the physicochemical properties, microbial communities and microbial metabolic levels of anaerobic granular sludge. The results showed that chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal of sludge was lowest in the presence of TBBPA alone and PS MP alone with 33.21% and 30.06%, respectively. The microorganisms promoted the secretion of humic substances under the influence of TBBPA, PS MP and PBS MP. The lowest proportion of genes controlling glycolytic metabolism in sludge was 1.52% when both TBBPA and PS MP were added. Microbial reactive oxygen species were increased in anaerobic granular sludge exposed to MPS. In addition, TBBPA treatment decreased electron transfer of the anaerobic granular sludge and disrupted the pathway of anaerobic microorganisms in acquiring adenosine triphosphate, and MPs attenuated the negative effects of TBBPA on the acetate methanogenesis process of the anaerobic granular sludge. This study provides a reference for evaluating the impact of multiple pollutants on anaerobic granular sludge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixin Wei
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Processes and Remediation in Ecologically Fragile Regions, Guangxi Normal University, 15 Yucai Road, Guilin, 541004, PR China
| | - Junjian Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Processes and Remediation in Ecologically Fragile Regions, Guangxi Normal University, 15 Yucai Road, Guilin, 541004, PR China
| | - Zi Wang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Processes and Remediation in Ecologically Fragile Regions, Guangxi Normal University, 15 Yucai Road, Guilin, 541004, PR China
| | - Jinyan Wu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Processes and Remediation in Ecologically Fragile Regions, Guangxi Normal University, 15 Yucai Road, Guilin, 541004, PR China
| | - Shuying Wang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Processes and Remediation in Ecologically Fragile Regions, Guangxi Normal University, 15 Yucai Road, Guilin, 541004, PR China
| | - Zhexiang Cai
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Processes and Remediation in Ecologically Fragile Regions, Guangxi Normal University, 15 Yucai Road, Guilin, 541004, PR China
| | - Yuxiang Lu
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, 15 Yucai Road, Guilin, 541004, PR China
| | - Chengyuan Su
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Processes and Remediation in Ecologically Fragile Regions, Guangxi Normal University, 15 Yucai Road, Guilin, 541004, PR China; Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, 15 Yucai Road, Guilin, 541004, PR China.
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5
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Jin Z, Zhang W, Wang X, Liu A, Li Z, Bai Y, Wu F. Leaching behaviors of dissolved organic matter from face masks revealed by fluorescence EEM combined with FRI and PARAFAC. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 254:121399. [PMID: 38447375 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.121399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Despite numerous studies investigating the occurrence and fate of microplastics, no effort has been devoted toward exploring the characteristics of dissolved organic matter (DOM) leached from face masks mainly made of plastics and additives used in large quantities during the COVID-19 pandemic. By using FTIR, UV-vis, fluorescence EEM coupling with FRI and PARAFAC, and kinetic models of leaching experiments, we explored the leaching behaviors of face mask-derived DOM (FM-DOM) from commonly used face masks including N95, KN95, medical surgical masks, etc. The concentration of FM-DOM increased quickly at early 0-48 h and reached equilibrium at about 48 h measured in terms of dissolved organic carbon and fluorescence intensity. The protein-like materials ranged from 80.32 % to 89.40 % of percentage fluorescence response (Pi,n) were dominant in four types of FM-DOM analyzed by fluorescence EEM-FRI during the leaching experiments from 1 to 360 h. Four fluorescent components were identified, which included tryptophan-like components, tyrosine-like components, microbial protein-like components, and fulvic-like components with fluorescence EEM-PARAFAC models. The multi-order kinetic model (Radj2 0.975-0.999) fitted better than the zero-order and first-order kinetic model (Radj2 0.936-0.982) for all PARAFAC components of FM-DOM based on equations derived by pseudo kinetic models. The leaching rate constants (kn) ranged from 0.058 to 30.938 and the half-life times (T1/2) ranged from 2.73 to 24.87 h for four FM-DOM samples, following the solubility order of fulvic-like components (C4) > microbial protein-like components (C3) > tryptophan-like components (C1) > tyrosine-like components (C2) for FM-DOM from four types of face masks during the leaching experiment from 0 to 360 h. These novel findings will contribute to the understanding of the underappreciated environment impact of face masks in aquatic ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Weibo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Xihuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Ang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Zhongyu Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Yingchen Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China.
| | - Fengchang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
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6
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Dou Q, Zhang L, Dong T, Song Z, Fan X, Peng Y, Wang X, Yang J. Degradation properties of fulvic acid and its microbially driven mechanism from a partial nitritation bioreactor through multi-spectral and bioinformatic analysis. J Environ Sci (China) 2024; 135:318-331. [PMID: 37778807 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2022.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
This study employed multispectral techniques to evaluate fulvic acid (FA) compositional characteristic and elucidate its biodegradation mechanisms during partial nitritation (PN) process. Results showed that FA removal efficiency (FRE) decreased from 90.22 to 23.11% when FA concentrations in the reactor were increased from 0 to 162.30 mg/L, and that molecular size, degree of aromatization and humification of the effluent FA macromolecules all increased after treatment. Microbial population analysis indicated that the proliferation of the Comamonas, OLB12 and Thauera exhibit high FA utilization capacity in lower concentrations (<50.59 mg/L), promoting the degradation and removal of macromolecular FA. In addition, the sustained increase in external FA may decrease the abundance of above functional microorganisms, resulting in a rapid drop in FRE. Furthermore, from the genetic perspective, the elevated FA levels restricted carbohydrate (ko00620, ko00010 and ko00020) and nitrogen (HAO, AMO, NIR and NOR) metabolism-related pathways, thereby impeding FA removal and total nitrogen loss associated with N2O emissions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quanhao Dou
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Li Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China.
| | - Tingjun Dong
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Zixuan Song
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Xuepeng Fan
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Yongzhen Peng
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Xiayan Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Center of Excellence for Environmental Safety and Biological Effects, Beijing Key Laboratory for Green Catalysis and Separation, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Jiachun Yang
- Environmental Protection Development Group Co., Ltd., Shandong 250101, China
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7
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Deng R, Lai J, Liu Z, Song B, Liu H, Chen D, Zuo G, Yang Z, Meng F, Gong T, Song M. Insights into the role of ·OH generated in Fe 2+/CaO 2/coal slime system for efficient extracellular polymeric substances degradation to improve dewaterability of sewage sludge. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 326:138443. [PMID: 36935059 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The disposal of massive sewage sludge and coal slime is a problem facing municipalities in China. A hypothesis for the co-disposal of sludge and coal slime is proposed to improve dewaterability by utilizing the beneficial role of coal slime as a filter assist and CaO2 enhanced system in this research. Results showed that capillary suction time, specific resistance to filtration and water content decreased dramatically from 49.3 s, 13.2 × 1012 m/kg and 84.85% to 19.1 s, 1.0 × 1012 m/kg and 50.07%, respectively, under the optimal conditions with 0.3/0.1/0.3-Fe2+/CaO2/coal slime g/g DS. The hydroxyl radicals generated in the Fe2+/CaO2 process acted on extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), resulting in a drop in the ratio of α-helix/(β-sheet + random coil) in the secondary structure of EPS proteins and a reduction in the concentration of aromatic proteins and tryptophan-like substances in TB-EPS, thereby enhancing the sludge dewaterability. Furthermore, coal slime as the skeleton building material induced a rise in sludge particle size and contact angle, lowering the hydrophilicity, compressibility of sludge and providing more channels to facilitate water flow. This work verified the promising application prospect of the Fe2+/CaO2/coal slime combined system in the enhancement of sludge dewaterability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Deng
- Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry of Education, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210096, China
| | - Jiahao Lai
- Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry of Education, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210096, China
| | - Zonghao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry of Education, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210096, China
| | - Bing Song
- Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry of Education, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210096, China
| | - Huan Liu
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Dandan Chen
- School of Energy & Mechanical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Gancheng Zuo
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Zhen Yang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Fanyue Meng
- Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry of Education, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210096, China
| | - Tingting Gong
- Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry of Education, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210096, China
| | - Min Song
- Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry of Education, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210096, China.
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8
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Zhang J, Huang N, Li H, Cheng B, Zhou X, Wang C. Interaction between biochar-dissolved organic matter and chlorophenols during biochar adsorption. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:40375-40387. [PMID: 36609760 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-25083-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Biochar (BC) has been widely applied in the remediation of chlorophenols (CPs) from contaminated sites in which the role and mechanisms of BC dissolved organic matter (BDOM), as a crucial component of BC, with CPs are largely unknown and thus need to be investigated. In this study, DOM was derived from peanut hulls (PDOM) and corn stalks (CDOM) as BC sources, and the interactions between PDOM/CDOM and 2,4,6-trichlorophenol (TCP) were analysed using excitation-emission matrix spectroscopy (EEM) in combination with multiple models. EEM combined with fluorescence region integration (EEM-FRI) indicated that humic-like materials were the major materials of both PDOM and CDOM (percentage fluorescence response Ri,n > 60%), and CDOM contained more protein- and fulvic-like materials than PDOM. Based on EEM in combination with parallel factor analysis (EEM-PARAFAC), 4 components were obtained, and the percentage decrease in maximum fluorescence intensities (Fmax) showed that the main components interacting with TCP in PDOM/CDOM were protein- and fulvic-like components (> 25%). Moreover, the modified Stern-Volmer model was used to calculate the stability constants (Log KTCP) of PDOM/CDOM and TCP for the first time, and the mechanism of static quenching was dominant for interacting with TCP in PDOM (Log KTCP: 4.36-4.65) and CDOM (Log KTCP: 3.53-4.73). Furthermore, the sequential TCP binding of fluorescent components in BDOM generally followed the order of protein-like → short-wavelength fulvic-like → long-wavelength fulvic-like → humic-like components. These findings will provide a basis for screening biochar as a functional material for CP remediation applications and for understanding the environmental chemical behaviour of leached DOM during biochar application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Zhang
- Institute of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, People's Republic of China
| | - Nannan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 10012, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Li
- Institute of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, People's Republic of China
| | - Biao Cheng
- Institute of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuan Zhou
- Institute of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Wang
- Institute of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, People's Republic of China.
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9
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Liu HH, Yang L, Guo LK, Tu LX, Li XT, Wang J, Ren YX. The nutrient removal and tolerance mechanism of a heterotrophic nitrifying bacterium Pseudomonas putida strain NP5 under metal oxide nanoparticles stress. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:28227-28237. [PMID: 36399297 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-24055-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The occurrence of metal oxide nanoparticles (NPs) in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) has raised great concerns about their adverse impacts on nitrification performance. In this study, a heterotrophic nitrifying bacterium Pseudomonas putida strain NP5 showed strong resistance against TiO2 and NiO NPs. Under 5-50 mg/L NP stress, cell viability was still normal, and the final nutrient removal rates, always higher than 80%, were slightly inhibited. Correspondingly, the PO43--P removal rates were almost the same as those observed in the control test. Although the enzyme assay demonstrated ammonia monooxygenase and hydroxylamine oxidoreductase activities markedly decreased caused by increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) level under 50 mg/L NPs stress. The total antioxidant capability of NP5 could eliminate excess ROS to maintain a balance between oxidants and antioxidants. Besides, in response to the escalating burden of NPs, strain NP5 tended to secrete more extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), which could protect cell from being damaged by binding to ions and coating. Thus, the strong NP resistance of NP5 would help to overcome the vulnerability of the nitrification process in WWTPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan-Huan Liu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China
- Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China
| | - Lei Yang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China.
- Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China.
| | - Lin-Kai Guo
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China
- Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China
| | - Li-Xin Tu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China
- Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China
| | - Xiao-Tong Li
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China
- Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China
| | - Jia Wang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China
- Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China
| | - Yong-Xiang Ren
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China
- Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China
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10
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Ji Z, Yang X, Qi X, Zhang H, Zhang Y, Xia X, Pei Y. Facile synthesis of waste-based CdS-loaded hierarchically porous geopolymer for adsorption-photocatalysis of organic contamination and its environmental risks. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 308:136144. [PMID: 36029860 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In order to obtain an adsorbent-photocatalyst with low-cost, strong stability and great reusability/recyclability, a waste-based and CdS-loaded hierarchically porous geopolymer (HPG) was prepared by facile synthesis. The adsorption-photocatalysis ability, reusability, and stability of HPG under different conditions were determined. Results indicated that HPG showed better adsorption-photocatalysis performance for organic dyes under alkaline environment, and it remained a high adsorption-photocatalysis efficiency after used for five times. Furthermore, HPG was stable in different environment conditions (strong acidic, acid raining, neutral, high salinity, and high alkali environment). The mass loss of HPG were around 3.22-6.68% (7 days extraction), and the immobilization rates of Cd2+ in neutral, high salinity, and high alkali environments were higher than 99.99%. Under visible light irradiation, HPG effectively photo-degraded the organic substances in overlying water of polluted sediments. After 330 min irradiation, the concentrations of COD and TOC were decreased from 47.52 mg/L and 20.9 mg/L to 16.58 mg/L and 11.19 mg/L, respectively. The humic-like and fulvic-like substances were transformed to protein-like substances under photo-degradation effect. This study confirmed that HPG possesses advantages in cost, chemical stability, and reusability, and it has a great potential to be used as in-situ remediation environmental functional material for organic contaminants in lake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zehua Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, Ministry of Education, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China; Center for Water and Ecology, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Xiaohuan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, Ministry of Education, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China; The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Xinyu Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, Ministry of Education, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China; The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, Ministry of Education, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China; The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, Ministry of Education, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China; The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Xinghui Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, Ministry of Education, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China; The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Yuansheng Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, Ministry of Education, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China; The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China.
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11
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Huang N, Zhang J, Zhao C, Li S, Lu Z. Characterising the interactions between Cu(II) and fulvic acid subcomponents using differential fluorescence spectroscopy combined with parallel factor analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:88925-88937. [PMID: 35842512 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-22060-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Fulvic acid (FA) consists of various organic compounds that interact with metals in the aquatic environment. Interactions between subcomponents (FA3, FA5, FA7, FA9 and FA13) of FA and Cu(II) were investigated using fluorescence quenching titration by coupling differential fluorescence spectroscopy (DFS) and parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC). The material fluorescence intensities derived from FA subcomponents decreased with Cu(II) concentration increase, and stronger quenching was experienced at low Cu(II) concentrations. Humic-like materials of FA3 and protein-like materials of FA9 have relatively higher presence of carboxylic groups with greater molecular polarity, and preferential interaction of Cu(II) occurs. Fluorescence DFSs can be successfully broken down into five components as follows: fulvic-like components of a major compound containing carboxylic-like and phenolic-like groups, fulvic-like components of a major compound containing groups of other components, humic-like components of a major compound containing carboxylic-like and phenolic-like groups, humic-like components of a major compound containing carboxylic-like groups, and protein-like components. The fulvic-like components of a major compound containing carboxylic-like and phenolic-like groups exhibited stronger quenching with Cu(II) in five FA subcomponents. Static quenching is the dominant mechanism for the binding of Cu(II) by the FA subcomponent. The log K of quenching constants fitted using the modified Ryan-Weber equation (R2 = 0.9368-0.9985) ranged from 4.32 to 6.14 for five components derived from FA subcomponents. Subcomponents that were eluted earlier exhibited stronger binding affinity with Cu(II).
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Affiliation(s)
- Nannan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Science, Beijing, 10012, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China.
| | - Chen Zhao
- School of Environmental and Safety Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, 213164, China
| | - Siyang Li
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Zhen Lu
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
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12
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Zhang J, Wang C, Huang N, Xiang M, Jin L, Yang Z, Li S, Lu Z, Shi C, Cheng B, Xie H, Li H. Humic acid promoted activation of peroxymonosulfate by Fe 3S 4 for degradation of 2,4,6-trichlorophenol: An experimental and theoretical study. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 434:128913. [PMID: 35452989 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.128913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Chlorophenols are difficult to degrade and biohazardous in the natural environment. This study demonstrated that humic acid (HA) could promote Fe3S4 activation of peroxymonosulfate (PMS) to degrade 2,4,6-trichlorophenol (TCP), the degradation efficiency of TCP was increased by 33%. The system of Fe3S4-HA/PMS produced more reactive oxygen species, and •OH was the dominant ROS. The genealogy of iron oxides together with S0 on the Fe3S4 surface inhibited PMS activation leading to the significant reduction of TCP degraded (< 70%). These problems could be solved successfully through introducing HA, which facilitated electron transfer and increased the continuous release of iron ions by 2 times. In accordance with the determined density functional theory (DFT), the degradation pathway was put forward, which indicated that TCP dechlorination and oxidation to 2,6-dichloro-1,4-benzoquinone constituted the main degradation pathway. Furthermore, the intermediates that were produced in the main degradation processes of TCP showed lower toxicity than TCP according to results that were obtained utilizing the calculations of quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) together with Toxicity Estimation Software Tool (TEST). Thus, the Fe3S4-HA/PMS system was demonstrated to be an efficient and safe technology for organic pollutant degradation in contaminated groundwater and surface water environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Zhang
- Institute for Environmental pollution and health, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, PR China
| | - Chen Wang
- Institute for Environmental pollution and health, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, PR China.
| | - Nannan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 10012, China
| | - Minghui Xiang
- Institute for Environmental pollution and health, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, PR China
| | - Lide Jin
- Institute for Environmental pollution and health, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, PR China
| | - Zhiyuan Yang
- Institute for Environmental pollution and health, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, PR China
| | - Siyang Li
- Institute for Environmental pollution and health, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, PR China
| | - Zhen Lu
- Institute for Environmental pollution and health, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, PR China
| | - Chongli Shi
- Institute for Environmental pollution and health, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, PR China
| | - Biao Cheng
- Institute for Environmental pollution and health, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, PR China
| | - Haijiao Xie
- Hangzhou Yanqu Information Technology Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310003, PR China
| | - Hui Li
- Institute for Environmental pollution and health, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, PR China.
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13
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Song W, Ding S, Zhou L, Li N, Zhang Y, Li H, Ding J, Lu J. The performance of co-immobilized strains isolated from activated sludge combined with Scenedesmus quadricauda to remove nutrients and organics in black odorous water. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 345:126571. [PMID: 34921924 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In this study, three bacteria were isolated from activated sludge (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus subtilis, and Dietzia maris). After that, isolated strains and Scenedesmus quadricauda that could degrade refractory organics, as co-immobilization species, were prepared gel beads to treat black odorous water. Under the optimized conditions, the removal rate of chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N), total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) reached 94.36%, 95.7%, 91.22% and 95.27%, respectively, and organics (including aromatic proteins and microbial-by-product-like compounds) were also significantly removed. Microbial analysis reveals that the community structure had a significant difference before and after treatment, and the main dominant at the genus level was transformed from Nitrospirillum (approximately 18.03%) to Flavobacterium (approximately 17.64%). This study also found that the immobilized gel beads have excellent stability and reusability, which provided a feasible and robust bioremediation strategy for the treatment of actual black-odor water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanchao Song
- Department of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, PR China
| | - Shaoxuan Ding
- Faculty of Science, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Linqing Zhou
- Department of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, PR China
| | - Na Li
- Department of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, PR China; Key Laboratory of New Membrane Materials, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Nanjing 210094, PR China
| | - Yonghui Zhang
- Department of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, PR China
| | - Huawei Li
- Department of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, PR China
| | - Jincheng Ding
- College of Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, PR China
| | - Jie Lu
- Department of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, PR China.
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14
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Cheng Y, Li JY, Ren X, Li Y, Kou YY, Chon K, Hwang MH, Ko MH. High efficiency of simultaneous nitrification, denitrification, and organics removal in the real-scale treatment of high C/N ratio food-processing wastewater using micro-aerobic reactors. Biochem Eng J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2021.108218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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15
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Kang J, Song GF, Liu SL, Song CQ, Gao X. Spectral characterization of the effect of gas-water ratio on dissolved organic nitrogen variation along a drinking water biological aerated filter. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:65743-65751. [PMID: 34322795 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-15528-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
To improve the understanding of dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) variation characteristics in a biological aerated filter (BAF) used for drinking water treatment, this study investigated the effects of gas-water ratios (0, 0.5:1, 2:1, and 10:1), a controlling factor of BAF operation, on DON characteristics. The dissolved organic carbon (DOC) removal efficiency in the BAF was consistent with DON concentration and increased as the gas-water ratio increased to a certain point, above which the increase gradually decreased. The optimal gas-water ratio in this study was considered to be 2:1 from the perspective of DOC removal and DON reduction. Use of fluorescence regional integration (FRI) and parallel factor (PARAFAC) model to analyze the effects of the gas-water ratio on the spectral characteristics of DON revealed that humic acid-like substances were not sensitive to the gas-water ratio, while protein-like substances were more sensitive. Increasing the gas-water ratio was beneficial to the reduction of biodegradable DON. Correlation analysis showed that the results obtained using FRI were consistent with those obtained using the PARAFAC model under different gas-water ratios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Kang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering and Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation and Governance in Henan Province, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
- Zhongzhou Water Holding Co., Ltd., Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
- Kaiyuan Environmental Protection (Group) Co.,Ltd., Xinyang, 465335, China.
| | - Gang-Fu Song
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering and Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation and Governance in Henan Province, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
- Zhongzhou Water Holding Co., Ltd., Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Shu-Li Liu
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering and Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation and Governance in Henan Province, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
- Zhongzhou Water Holding Co., Ltd., Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Chu-Qiong Song
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering and Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation and Governance in Henan Province, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Xu Gao
- Chongqing Water Group Co., Ltd., Chongqing, 400045, China
- Chongqing Sino French Environmental Protection Research and Development Center Co., Ltd., Chongqing, 400045, China
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16
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Mu H, Qiu Q, Cheng R, Qiu L, Xie K, Gao M, Liu G. Adsorption-Enhanced Ceramic Membrane Filtration Using Fenton Oxidation for Advanced Treatment of Refinery Wastewater: Treatment Efficiency and Membrane-Fouling Control. MEMBRANES 2021; 11:membranes11090651. [PMID: 34564468 PMCID: PMC8467550 DOI: 10.3390/membranes11090651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
With the development of the refining industry, the treatment of refinery wastewater has become an urgent problem. In this study, a ceramic membrane (CM) was combined with Fenton-activated carbon (AC) adsorption to dispose of refinery wastewater. The effect of the combined process was analyzed using excitation-emission matrix (EEM), ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopies (FTIR). Compared with direct filtration, the combined process could significantly improve the removal of organic pollution, where the removal rate of the COD and TOC could be 70% and the turbidity removal rate was above 97%. It was found that the effluent could meet the local standards. In this study, the membrane fouling was analyzed for the impact of the pretreatment on the membrane direction. The results showed that Fenton-AC absorption could effectively alleviate membrane fouling. The optimal critical flux of the combined process was increased from 60 to 82 L/(m2·h) compared with direct filtration. After running for about 20 d, the flux remained at about 55 L/(m2·h) and the membrane-fouling resistance was only 1.2 × 1012 m-1. The Hermia model revealed that cake filtration was present in the early stages of the combined process. These results could be of great use in improving the treatment efficiency and operation cycle of refinery wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haotian Mu
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China; (H.M.); (R.C.); (K.X.); (M.G.)
| | - Qi Qiu
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China;
| | - Renzhen Cheng
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China; (H.M.); (R.C.); (K.X.); (M.G.)
| | - Liping Qiu
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China; (H.M.); (R.C.); (K.X.); (M.G.)
- Research Center for Functional Material & Water Purification Engineering of Shandong Province, Jinan 250022, China
- Correspondence: (L.Q.); (G.L.)
| | - Kang Xie
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China; (H.M.); (R.C.); (K.X.); (M.G.)
- Research Center for Functional Material & Water Purification Engineering of Shandong Province, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Mingchang Gao
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China; (H.M.); (R.C.); (K.X.); (M.G.)
| | - Guicai Liu
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China; (H.M.); (R.C.); (K.X.); (M.G.)
- Research Center for Functional Material & Water Purification Engineering of Shandong Province, Jinan 250022, China
- Correspondence: (L.Q.); (G.L.)
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17
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Wang XY, Yang QP, Tian SJ, Song FH, Guo F, Huang NN, Tan WQ, Bai YC. Photochemical Reactivity of Humic Substances in an Aquatic System Revealed by Excitation-Emission Matrix Fluorescence. Front Chem 2021; 9:679286. [PMID: 34124005 PMCID: PMC8193985 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.679286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The photochemical reactivity of humic substances plays a critical role in the global carbon cycle, and influences the toxicity, mobility, and bioavailability of contaminants by altering their molecular structure and the mineralization of organic carbon to CO2. Here, we examined the simulated irradiation process of Chinese standard fulvic acid (FA) and humic acid (HA) by using excitation-emission matrix fluorescence combined with fluorescence regional integration (FRI), parallel factor (PARAFAC) analysis, and kinetic models. Humic-like and fulvic-like materials were the main materials (constituting more than 90%) of both FA and HA, according to the FRI analysis. Four components were identified by the PARAFAC analysis: fulvic-like components composed of both carboxylic-like and phenolic-like chromophores (C1), terrestrial humic-like components primarily composed of carboxylic-like chromophores (C2), microbial humic-like overwhelming composed of phenolic-like fluorophores (C3), and protein-like components (C4). After irradiation for 72 h, the maximum fluorescence intensity (F max) of C1 and C2 of FA was reduced to 36.01-58.34%, while the F max of C3 of both FA and HA also decreased to 0-9.63%. By contrast, for HA, the F max of its C1 and C2 increased to 236.18-294.77% when irradiated for 72 h due to greater aromaticity and photorefractive tendencies. The first-order kinetic model (R 2 = 0.908-0.990) fitted better than zero-order kinetic model (R 2 = 0-0.754) for the C1, C2, and C3, of both FA and HA, during their photochemical reactivity. The photodegradation rate constant (k 1) of C1 had values (0.105 for FA; 0.154 for HA) that surpassed those of C2 (0.059 for FA, 0.079 for HA) and C3 (0.079 for both FA and HA) based on the first-order kinetic model. The half-life times of C1, C2, and C3 ranged from 6.61-11.77 h to 4.50-8.81 h for FA and HA, respectively. Combining an excitation-emission matrix with FRI and PARAFAC analyses is a powerful approach for elucidating changes to humic substances during their irradiation, which is helpful for predicting the environmental toxicity of contaminants in natural ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Yuan Wang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Qi-Peng Yang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Shi-Jie Tian
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Fan-Hao Song
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fei Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Nan-Nan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wei-Qiang Tan
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Ying-Chen Bai
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, China.,State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, China
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18
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Chen QY, Yang L, Liu L, Qian LW, Tian KL, Zhang Q, Cao DJ. Combined forms of Pb and its detoxification and absorption in Cladophora rupestris subcells. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2021; 248:119190. [PMID: 33248890 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2020.119190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to analyze the combined form, detoxification, and adsorption mechanism of Pb in Cladophora rupestris subcells. The chemical form analysis at different concentrations (0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5, and 10 mg/L) indicated that most of the Pb (37%-76%) were integrated with oxalate and undissolved phosphate, which were important to the detoxification of C. rupestris. The characterization of Pb (0, 0.5, and 5.0 mg/L) at the subcellular was conducted via Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Three-dimensional excitation-emission matrix spectroscopy (3D-EEM), and protein secondary structure fitting. Results revealed that Pb-polysaccharides ((C6H5)-OO-Pb-OH, C-O-Pb, and symmetric Pb-O-Pb), Pb-functional-groups ((C6H5)-COO-Pb and (C6H5)-P = O-Pb), and Pb-protein complexes (OH-C7H6-CN-Pb-COOH, C9H10-NH-CN-C = O-Pb, Pb-S-C, and Pb-S) were formed. The cell wall produced transport proteins, such as metallothionein and glutathione, which bound and helped Pb2+ enter the cell. After entering the soluble fraction, the Pb-organic acid ((C6H5)-COO-Pb, (C6H5)-O-Pb, and (C6H5)-P = O-Pb) and Pb-sulfhydryl compound (Pb-S-C/Pb-S) assumed the most important role in resisting the toxicity of Pb2+. Pb2+ was absorbed in the organelle and formed (C6H5)-C-O-Pb and (C6H5)-P = O-Pb, and complexed with protein (Pb-C-N) when treated with 5.0 mg/L Pb. Results could help understand the role of subcellular fraction in the algal adaptation to stressful heavy metal conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiu-Yu Chen
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Farmland Ecological Conservation and Pollution Prevention, School of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, People's Republic of China
| | - Liu Yang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Farmland Ecological Conservation and Pollution Prevention, School of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Liu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Farmland Ecological Conservation and Pollution Prevention, School of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Wen Qian
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Farmland Ecological Conservation and Pollution Prevention, School of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, People's Republic of China
| | - Kang-Ling Tian
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Farmland Ecological Conservation and Pollution Prevention, School of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Farmland Ecological Conservation and Pollution Prevention, School of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, People's Republic of China
| | - De-Ju Cao
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Farmland Ecological Conservation and Pollution Prevention, School of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, People's Republic of China.
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