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Tripathi S, Tiwari K, Mahra S, Victoria J, Rana S, Tripathi DK, Sharma S. Nanoparticles and root traits: mineral nutrition, stress tolerance and interaction with rhizosphere microbiota. PLANTA 2024; 260:34. [PMID: 38922515 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-024-04409-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
MAIN CONCLUSION This review article highlights a broader perspective of NPs and plant-root interaction by focusing on their beneficial and deleterious impacts on root system architecture (RSA). The root performs a vital function by securing itself in the soil, absorbing and transporting water and nutrients to facilitate plant growth and productivity. In dicots, the architecture of the root system (RSA) is markedly shaped by the development of the primary root and its branches, showcasing considerable adaptability in response to changes in the environment. For promoting agriculture and combating global food hunger, the use of nanoparticles (NPs) may be an exciting option, for which it is essential to understand the behaviour of plants under NPs exposure. The nature of NPs and their physicochemical characteristics play a significant role in the positive/negative response of roots and shoots. Root morphological features, such as root length, root mass and root development features, may regulated positively/negatively by different types of NPs. In addition, application of NPs may also enhance nutrient transport and soil fertility by the promotion of soil microorganisms including plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPRs) and also soil enzymes. Interestingly the interaction of nanomaterials (NMs) with rhizospheric bacteria can enhance plant development and soil health. However, some studies also suggested that the increased use of several types of engineered nanoparticles (ENPs) may disrupt the equilibrium of the soil-root interface and unsafe morphogenesis by causing the browning of roots and suppressing the growth of root and soil microbes. Thus, this review article has sought to compile a broader perspective of NPs and plant-root interaction by focusing on their beneficial or deleterious impacts on RSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sneha Tripathi
- Department of Biotechnology, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad, Prayagraj, India
| | - Kavita Tiwari
- Department of Biotechnology, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad, Prayagraj, India
| | - Shivani Mahra
- Department of Biotechnology, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad, Prayagraj, India
| | - J Victoria
- Department of Biotechnology, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad, Prayagraj, India
| | - Shweta Rana
- Departments of Physical and Natural Sciences, FLAME University, Pune, India
| | - Durgesh Kumar Tripathi
- Crop Nano Biology and Molecular Stress Physiology Lab, Amity Institute of Organic Agriculture, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Sector-125, Noida, 201313, India.
| | - Shivesh Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad, Prayagraj, India.
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Kumar D, Mariyam S, Gupta KJ, Thiruvengadam M, Sampatrao Ghodake G, Xing B, Seth CS. Comparative investigation on chemical and green synthesized titanium dioxide nanoparticles against chromium (VI) stress eliciting differential physiological, biochemical, and cellular attributes in Helianthus annuus L. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 930:172413. [PMID: 38631632 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Nanotechnology is a new scientific area that promotes unique concepts to comprehend the optimal mechanics of nanoparticles (NPs) in plants under heavy metal stress. The present investigation focuses on effects of synthetic and green synthesized titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs and gTiO2 NPs) against Cr(VI). Green TiO2 NPs have been produced from plant leaf extract (Ricinus communis L.). Synthesis was confirmed employing an array of optical spectroscopic and electron microscopic techniques. Chromium strongly accelerated H2O2 and MDA productions by 227 % and 266 % at highest chromium concentration (60 mg/kg of soil), respectively, and also caused DNA damage, and decline in photosynthesis. Additionally, anomalies were observed in stomatal cells with gradual increment in chromium concentrations. Conversely, foliar applications of TiO2 NPs and gTiO2 NPs considerably mitigated chromium stress. Sunflower plants treated with modest amounts of green TiO2 NPs had significantly better growth index compared to chemically synthesized ones. Principal component analysis highlighted the variations among photosynthetic attributes, oxidative stress markers, and antioxidant defense systems. Notably, gTiO2 supplementation to the Cr(VI) strained plants minimized PC3 production which is a rare report so far. Conclusively, gTiO2 NPs have been identified to be promising nano-based nutrition resource for farming applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dharmendra Kumar
- Department of Botany, University of Delhi, New Delhi 110007, Delhi, India
| | - Safoora Mariyam
- Department of Botany, University of Delhi, New Delhi 110007, Delhi, India
| | | | - Muthu Thiruvengadam
- Department of Applied Bioscience, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Gajanan Sampatrao Ghodake
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science, Dongguk University-Seoul, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si 10326, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Baoshan Xing
- Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
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Zhuang Q, Zhang Y, Liu Q, Sun Y, Sharma S, Tang S, Dhankher OP, Yuan H. Effects of sulfur nanoparticles on rhizosphere microbial community changes in oilseed rape plantation soil under mercury stress. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2024; 26:1545-1555. [PMID: 38597454 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2024.2335207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
In the present study, experiments were conducted to assess the influence of nanoscale sulfur in the microbial community structure of metallophytes in Hg-contaminated rhizosphere soil for planting rapeseed. The results showed that the richness and diversity of the rhizobacteria community decreased significantly under Hg stress, but increased slightly after SNPs addition, with a reduction in the loss of Hg-sensitive microorganisms. Moreover, all changes in the relative abundances of the top ten phyla influenced by Hg treatment were reverted when subjected to Hg + SNPs treatment, except for Myxococcota and Bacteroidota. Similarly, the top five genera, whose relative abundance decreased the most under Hg alone compared to CK, increased by 19.05%-54.66% under Hg + SNPs treatment compared with Hg alone. Furthermore, the relative abundance of Sphingomonas, as one of the dominant genera for both CK and Hg + SNPs treatment, was actively correlated with plant growth. Rhizobacteria, like Pedobacter and Massilia, were significantly decreased under Hg + SNPs and were positively linked to Hg accumulation in plants. This study suggested that SNPs could create a healthier soil microecological environment by reversing the effect of Hg on the relative abundance of microorganisms, thereby assisting microorganisms to remediate heavy metal-contaminated soil and reduce the stress of heavy metals on plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiurong Zhuang
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Nanjing, China
| | - Yongxia Zhang
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Nanjing, China
| | - Qingquan Liu
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuming Sun
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Nanjing, China
| | - Sudhir Sharma
- Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of MA Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Shijie Tang
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Nanjing, China
| | - Om Parkash Dhankher
- Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of MA Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Haiyan Yuan
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Nanjing, China
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Ghorbani A, Emamverdian A, Pehlivan N, Zargar M, Razavi SM, Chen M. Nano-enabled agrochemicals: mitigating heavy metal toxicity and enhancing crop adaptability for sustainable crop production. J Nanobiotechnology 2024; 22:91. [PMID: 38443975 PMCID: PMC10913482 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-024-02371-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
The primary factors that restrict agricultural productivity and jeopardize human and food safety are heavy metals (HMs), including arsenic, cadmium, lead, and aluminum, which adversely impact crop yields and quality. Plants, in their adaptability, proactively engage in a multitude of intricate processes to counteract the impacts of HM toxicity. These processes orchestrate profound transformations at biomolecular levels, showing the plant's ability to adapt and thrive in adversity. In the past few decades, HM stress tolerance in crops has been successfully addressed through a combination of traditional breeding techniques, cutting-edge genetic engineering methods, and the strategic implementation of marker-dependent breeding approaches. Given the remarkable progress achieved in this domain, it has become imperative to adopt integrated methods that mitigate potential risks and impacts arising from environmental contamination on yields, which is crucial as we endeavor to forge ahead with the establishment of enduring agricultural systems. In this manner, nanotechnology has emerged as a viable field in agricultural sciences. The potential applications are extensive, encompassing the regulation of environmental stressors like toxic metals, improving the efficiency of nutrient consumption and alleviating climate change effects. Integrating nanotechnology and nanomaterials in agrochemicals has successfully mitigated the drawbacks associated with traditional agrochemicals, including challenges like organic solvent pollution, susceptibility to photolysis, and restricted bioavailability. Numerous studies clearly show the immense potential of nanomaterials and nanofertilizers in tackling the acute crisis of HM toxicity in crop production. This review seeks to delve into using NPs as agrochemicals to effectively mitigate HM toxicity and enhance crop resilience, thereby fostering an environmentally friendly and economically viable approach toward sustainable agricultural advancement in the foreseeable future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abazar Ghorbani
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China.
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Islamic Republic of Iran.
| | - Abolghassem Emamverdian
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Necla Pehlivan
- Biology Department, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, 53100, Türkiye
| | - Meisam Zargar
- Department of Agrobiotechnology, Institute of Agriculture, RUDN University, Moscow, 117198, Russia
| | - Seyed Mehdi Razavi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Moxian Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China.
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Jia H, Wu Y, Zhang M, Ye J, Du D, Wang H. Role of phosphorus on the biogeochemical behavior of cadmium in the contaminated soil under leaching and pot experiments. J Environ Sci (China) 2024; 137:488-499. [PMID: 37980033 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2023.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorus (P) is involved in various biochemical reactions in plant growth, so it is beneficial to plants growing in soils contaminated by metals, including cadmium (Cd). However, few studies have reported on the mechanistic roles of P in mitigating Cd toxicity to ryegrass root, and especially in alleviating the disruption of the mitochondrial function of living cells. In this study, the physiological and biochemical mechanisms associated with ryegrass growth under various Cd and P treatments were investigated using leaching and pot systems. The concentration of Cd in soil leachates showed a significantly positive relationship with redox potential (P < 0.05), but negative relationship (P < 0.05) with leachate pH values and dissolved organic carbon (DOC), indicating that exogenous P addition (as H2PO4-) may decrease Cd leaching from contaminated soil. Compared to the control (without P addition), the cumulative Cd content was reduced by 53.3% and 64.5% in the soil leachate with exogenous P application (20 mg/L and 80 mg/L), respectively. Notably, application of P decreased the Cd concentrations in the symplastic fractions and increased the Cd concentrations in the apoplastic fractions in root tips, which may help to alleviate Cd stress to the protoplast. Moreover, exogenous P was found to play a positive role in mitochondrial function and Ca2+ variation in root cells under Cd stress, which provides novel insights into the mechanisms of exogenous P in alleviating plant Cd injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Jia
- Institute of Environment and Ecology, School of Emergency Management, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; School of the Environment and Safety Engineering & Institute of Environment and Ecology, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Yifan Wu
- School of the Environment and Safety Engineering & Institute of Environment and Ecology, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Mengqi Zhang
- School of the Environment and Safety Engineering & Institute of Environment and Ecology, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Jinhui Ye
- School of the Environment and Safety Engineering & Institute of Environment and Ecology, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Daolin Du
- Institute of Environment and Ecology, School of Emergency Management, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; School of the Environment and Safety Engineering & Institute of Environment and Ecology, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China.
| | - He Wang
- Xuzhou Medical University, Affiliated Hospital, Xuzhou 221004, China.
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Kumar D, Singh R, Upadhyay SK, Verma KK, Tripathi RM, Liu H, Dhankher OP, Tripathi RD, Sahi SV, Seth CS. Review on interactions between nanomaterials and phytohormones: Novel perspectives and opportunities for mitigating environmental challenges. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 340:111964. [PMID: 38159611 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2023.111964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Nanotechnology offers the potential to provide innovative solutions for sustainable crop production as plants are exposed to a combination of climate change factors (CO2, temperature, UV radiation, ozone), abiotic (heavy metals, salinity, drought), and biotic (virus, bacteria, fungi, nematode, and insects) stresses. The application of particular sizes, shapes, and concentration of nanomaterials (NMs) potentially mitigate the negative impacts in plants by modulation of photosynthetic rate, redox homeostasis, hormonal balance, and nutrient assimilation through upregulation of anti-stress metabolites, antioxidant defense pathways, and genes and genes network. The present review inculcates recent advances in uptake, translocation, and accumulation mechanisms of NMs in plants. The critical theme of this review provides detailed insights into different physiological, biochemical, molecular, and stress tolerance mechanism(s) of NMs action and their cross-talk with different phytohormones. The role of NMs as a double-edged sword for climate change factors, abiotic, and biotic stresses for nutrients uptake, hormones synthesis, cytotoxic, and genotoxic effects including chromosomal aberration, and micronuclei synthesis have been extensively studied. Importantly, this review aims to provide an in-depth understanding of the hormesis effect at low and toxicity at higher doses of NMs under different stressors to develop innovative approaches and design smart NMs for sustainable crop production.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ritu Singh
- Departmental of Environmental Science, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer 305817, Rajsthan, India
| | - Sudhir K Upadhyay
- Department of Environmental Science, V.B.S. Purvanchal University, Jaunpur 222003, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Krishan K Verma
- Sugarcane Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007, China
| | - Ravi Mani Tripathi
- Amity Institute of Nanotechnology, Amity University, Noida 201303, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Haitao Liu
- College of Resources and Environment, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, PR China
| | - Om Parkash Dhankher
- Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Rudra Deo Tripathi
- CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Shivendra V Sahi
- Department of Biology, Saint Joseph's University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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Channab BE, El Idrissi A, Ammar A, Dardari O, Marrane SE, El Gharrak A, Akil A, Essemlali Y, Zahouily M. Recent advances in nano-fertilizers: synthesis, crop yield impact, and economic analysis. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:4484-4513. [PMID: 38314867 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr05012b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
The escalating global demand for food production has predominantly relied on the extensive application of conventional fertilizers (CFs). However, the increased use of CFs has raised concerns regarding environmental risks, including soil and water contamination, especially within cereal-based cropping systems. In response, the agricultural sector has witnessed the emergence of healthier alternatives by utilizing nanotechnology and nano-fertilizers (NFs). These innovative NFs harness the remarkable properties of nanoparticles, ranging in size from 1 to 100 nm, such as nanoclays and zeolites, to enhance nutrient utilization efficiency. Unlike their conventional counterparts, NFs offer many advantages, including variable solubility, consistent and effective performance, controlled release mechanisms, enhanced targeted activity, reduced eco-toxicity, and straightforward and safe delivery and disposal methods. By facilitating rapid and complete plant absorption, NFs effectively conserve nutrients that would otherwise go to waste, mitigating potential environmental harm. Moreover, their superior formulations enable more efficient promotion of sustainable crop growth and production than conventional fertilizers. This review comprehensively examines the global utilization of NFs, emphasizing their immense potential in maintaining environmentally friendly crop output while ensuring agricultural sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Badr-Eddine Channab
- Laboratory of Materials, Catalysis & Valorization of Natural Resources, URAC 24, Faculty of Science and Technology, Hassan II University, Casablanca B.P. 146, Morocco.
| | - Ayoub El Idrissi
- Laboratory of Materials, Catalysis & Valorization of Natural Resources, URAC 24, Faculty of Science and Technology, Hassan II University, Casablanca B.P. 146, Morocco.
| | - Ayyoub Ammar
- Laboratory of Virology, Oncology, Biosciences, Environment and New Energies, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques Mohammedia, University Hassan II of Casablanca, Casablanca B.P. 146, Morocco.
| | - Othmane Dardari
- Laboratory of Materials, Catalysis & Valorization of Natural Resources, URAC 24, Faculty of Science and Technology, Hassan II University, Casablanca B.P. 146, Morocco.
| | - Salah Eddine Marrane
- Laboratory of Materials, Catalysis & Valorization of Natural Resources, URAC 24, Faculty of Science and Technology, Hassan II University, Casablanca B.P. 146, Morocco.
| | - Abdelouahed El Gharrak
- Laboratory of Materials, Catalysis & Valorization of Natural Resources, URAC 24, Faculty of Science and Technology, Hassan II University, Casablanca B.P. 146, Morocco.
| | - Adil Akil
- Natural Resources Valorization Center, Moroccan Foundation for Advanced Science, Innovation and Research, Rabat, Morocco.
- Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Ben Guerir, Morocco
| | - Youness Essemlali
- Laboratory of Materials, Catalysis & Valorization of Natural Resources, URAC 24, Faculty of Science and Technology, Hassan II University, Casablanca B.P. 146, Morocco.
- Natural Resources Valorization Center, Moroccan Foundation for Advanced Science, Innovation and Research, Rabat, Morocco.
- Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Ben Guerir, Morocco
| | - Mohamed Zahouily
- Laboratory of Materials, Catalysis & Valorization of Natural Resources, URAC 24, Faculty of Science and Technology, Hassan II University, Casablanca B.P. 146, Morocco.
- Natural Resources Valorization Center, Moroccan Foundation for Advanced Science, Innovation and Research, Rabat, Morocco.
- Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Ben Guerir, Morocco
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He S, Niu Y, Xing L, Liang Z, Song X, Ding M, Huang W. Research progress of the detection and analysis methods of heavy metals in plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1310328. [PMID: 38362447 PMCID: PMC10867983 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1310328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Heavy metal (HM)-induced stress can lead to the enrichment of HMs in plants thereby threatening people's lives and health via the food chain. For this reason, there is an urgent need for some reliable and practical techniques to detect and analyze the absorption, distribution, accumulation, chemical form, and transport of HMs in plants for reducing or regulating HM content. Not only does it help to explore the mechanism of plant HM response, but it also holds significant importance for cultivating plants with low levels of HMs. Even though this field has garnered significant attention recently, only minority researchers have systematically summarized the different methods of analysis. This paper outlines the detection and analysis techniques applied in recent years for determining HM concentration in plants, such as inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS), atomic fluorescence spectrometry (AFS), X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF), laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS), non-invasive micro-test technology (NMT) and omics and molecular biology approaches. They can detect the chemical forms, spatial distribution, uptake and transport of HMs in plants. For this paper, the principles behind these techniques are clarified, their advantages and disadvantages are highlighted, their applications are explored, and guidance for selecting the appropriate methods to study HMs in plants is provided for later research. It is also expected to promote the innovation and development of HM-detection technologies and offer ideas for future research concerning HM accumulation in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang He
- College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China
| | - Yuting Niu
- College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China
| | - Lu Xing
- College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China
| | - Zongsuo Liang
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regulation in Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaomei Song
- College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China
- Key Laboratory of “Taibaiqiyao” Research and Applications, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China
| | - Meihai Ding
- Management Department, Xi’an Ande Pharmaceutical Co; Ltd., Xi’an, China
| | - Wenli Huang
- College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China
- Key Laboratory of “Taibaiqiyao” Research and Applications, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China
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Zhu Z, Tian H, Tang X, Li J, Zhang Z, Chai G, Wu X. NPs-Ca promotes Cd accumulation and enhances Cd tolerance of rapeseed shoots by affecting Cd transfer and Cd fixation in pectin. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 341:140001. [PMID: 37659510 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/04/2023]
Abstract
The use of rapeseed (Brassica napus) as a hyperaccumulator plant has shown great promise for the remediation of cadmium (Cd) contaminated soils. Nanosized materials (NPs) have been shown to mitigate heavy metal toxicity in plants, but it is unknown how l-aspartate nano-calcium (NPs-Ca) affects Cd uptake, transport, and tolerance in rapeseed. A soil pot experiment was conducted with two treatments: a control treatment (CK) with 2.16 g CaCl2 and NPs-Ca treatment with 6.00 g NPs-Ca, to evaluate the effects and mechanisms of NPs-Ca on Cd tolerance in rapeseed. Compared to CaCl2, NPs-Ca promoted Cd transportation from roots to shoots by up-regulating the expression of Cd transport genes (ABCC12, HMA8, NRAM6, ZIP6, CAX4, PCR2, and HIP6). Therefore, NPs-Ca increased Cd accumulation in rapeseed shoots by 39.4%. Interestingly, NPs-Ca also enhanced Cd tolerance in the shoots, resulting in lower hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) accumulation and proline content, as well as higher antioxidant enzyme activities (POD, CAT). Moreover, NPs-Ca reduced the activity of pectin-degrading enzymes (polygalacturonase: PG, β-galactosidase: β-GAL), promoted the activity of pectin methyl esterase (PME), and changed transcription levels of related genes (PME, PMEI, PG, PGIP, and β-GAL). NPs-Ca treatment also significantly increased the Cd content in cell walls by 59.8%, that is, more Cd was immobilized in cell walls, and less Cd entered organelles in shoots of NPs-Ca treatment due to increased pectin content and degree of pectin demethylation. Overall, NPs-Ca increased Cd accumulation in rapeseed shoots by promoting Cd transport from roots to shoots. And meantime, NPs-Ca enhanced Cd tolerance of shoots by inhibiting pectin degradation, promoting pectin demethylation and increasing Cd fixation in pectin. These findings suggest that NPs-Ca can improve the potential of rapeseed as a hyperaccumulator for the remediation of Cd-contaminated soil and the protection of the environment. Furthermore, the study provides a theoretical basis for the application of NPs-Ca in the phytoremediation of Cd-contaminated soils with hyperaccumulating plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihan Zhu
- College of Resources and Environment, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China.
| | - Hui Tian
- College of Resources and Environment, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xu Tang
- College of Resources and Environment, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jinsheng Li
- College of Resources and Environment, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Zetao Zhang
- College of Resources and Environment, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Guohua Chai
- College of Resources and Environment, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China.
| | - Xiuwen Wu
- College of Resources and Environment, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China.
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Ullah I, Toor MD, Basit A, Mohamed HI, Gamal M, Tanveer NA, Shah ST. Nanotechnology: an Integrated Approach Towards Agriculture Production and Environmental Stress Tolerance in Plants. WATER, AIR, & SOIL POLLUTION 2023; 234:666. [DOI: 10.1007/s11270-023-06675-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
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Sharma S, Singh G, Wang Y, White JC, Xing B, Dhankher OP. Nanoscale sulfur alleviates silver nanoparticle toxicity and improves seed and oil yield in Soybean (Glycine max). ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 336:122423. [PMID: 37604392 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are commonly used in many commercial products due to their antimicrobial properties, and their significant exposure in agricultural systems is anticipated. AgNPs accumulation in soil and subsequent uptake by plants can be harmful to plant growth and exposure to animals and humans through the food chain is a major concern. This study evaluated the potential protective role of nanosulfur (NS) and bulk sulfur (BS) at 200 and 400 mg/kg soil application in alleviating silver nanoparticle (AgNPs; 32 and 64 mg/kg) phytotoxicity to soybean [Glycine max (L) Merr.]. The treatments were added in the soil before soybean transplantation; growth, yield, nutrient, and silver accumulation were measured in the shoot, root, and seeds. Exposure to AgNPs significantly affected plant growth and yield, reducing nodule weight by 40%, fresh shoot weight by 66%, and seed yield by 68% when compared to controls. However, nanosulfur application in soil alleviated AgNPs toxicity, and importantly, this impact was nanoscale specific at the higher concentration because the benefits of corresponding bulk sulfur (BS) treatments were marginal. Specifically, nanosulfur at 400 mg/kg significantly increased seed yield (∼3-fold more than AgNP at 64 mg/kg) and shoot biomass (2.6-fold more than AgNP at 64 mg/kg) upon co-exposure with AgNPs, essentially alleviating AgNPs toxicity. Moreover, NS increased nodule mass by 3.5 times compared to AgNPs-treated plants, which was 170% greater than the Ag- and NS-free controls. Plants treated with NS with AgNPs co-exposure accumulated significantly less Ag in the shoots (∼80% reduction) and roots (∼95% reduction); no Ag contents were detected in seeds. These findings demonstrate the potential of sulfur, especially NS, as a sustainable soil amendment to reduce the accumulation and toxicity of AgNPs and as a valuable nano-enabled strategy to promote food safety and security.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudhir Sharma
- Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - Gurpal Singh
- Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - Yi Wang
- Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Jason C White
- Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Baoshan Xing
- Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - Om Parkash Dhankher
- Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts Amherst, MA, 01003, USA.
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Ahmed T, Masood HA, Noman M, Al-Huqail AA, Alghanem SM, Khan MM, Muhammad S, Manzoor N, Rizwan M, Qi X, Abeed AHA, Li B. Biogenic silicon nanoparticles mitigate cadmium (Cd) toxicity in rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) by modulating the cellular oxidative stress metabolism and reducing Cd translocation. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 459:132070. [PMID: 37478591 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Revised: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
Nano-enabled strategies have emerged as promising alternatives to resolve heavy metals (HMs) related harms in an eco-friendly manner. Here, we explored the potential of biogenic silicon nanoparticles (SiNPs) in alleviating cadmium (Cd) stress in rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) plants by modulating cellular oxidative repair mechanisms. Biogenic SiNPs of spherical shapes with size ranging between 14 nm and 35 nm were synthesized using rice straw extract and characterized through advanced characterization techniques. A greenhouse experiment results showed that SiNPs treatment at 250 mg kg-1 significantly improved growth parameters, including fresh weight (33.3 %) and dry weight (32.6 %) of rapeseed plants than Cd-treated control group. Photosynthesis and leaf gas exchange parameters were also positively influenced by SiNPs treatment, indicating enhanced photosynthetic efficiency. Additionally, SiNPs treatment at 250 mg kg-1 increased the activities of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (19.1 %), peroxidase (33.4 %), catalase (14.4 %), and ascorbate peroxidase (33.8 %), which may play a crucial role in ROS scavenging and reduction in Cd-induced oxidative stress. TEM analysis revealed that SiNPs treatment effectively mitigated Cd-induced damage to leaf ultrastructure, while qPCR analysis showed that SiNPs treatment changed the expressions of the antioxidant defense and stress related genes. Moreover, SiNPs treatment significantly influenced the Cd accumulation and Si contents in plants. Overall, our findings revealed that biogenic SiNPs have great potential to serve as a sustainable, eco-friendly, and non-toxic alternative for the remediation of Cd toxicity in rapeseed plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Temoor Ahmed
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, 310058, Hangzhou, China.; Xianghu Laboratory, Hangzhou 311231, China
| | - Hafiza Ayesha Masood
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, University of Agriculture, 38000 Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Noman
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, 310058, Hangzhou, China
| | - Arwa Abdulkreem Al-Huqail
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O.Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Suliman Ms Alghanem
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Qassim University, Burydah 52571, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Munem Khan
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, University of Agriculture, 38000 Faisalabad, Pakistan.
| | - Sher Muhammad
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Natasha Manzoor
- Department of Soil and Water Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Muhammad Rizwan
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | | | - Amany H A Abeed
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut 71516, Egypt
| | - Bin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, 310058, Hangzhou, China..
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Zhuang Q, Liu Q, Sun Y, Fu J, Tang S, Sharma S, Dhankher OP, Yuan H. Influence of nanoscale sulfur on mercury accumulation and plant growth in oilseed rape seedlings ( Brassica napus L.) grown on mercury-contaminated soil. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2023; 26:524-534. [PMID: 37641540 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2023.2251596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Mercury (Hg) pollution has seriously threatened the crop productivity and food security. In the present research, experiments were conducted to assess the influence of nanoscale sulfur/sulfur nanoparticles and the corresponding bulk and ionic sulfur forms on the growth and Hg accumulation of oilseed rape seedlings grown on Hg-contaminated soil, as well as the transformation of soil Hg fractions. The results showed a significant reduction in fresh biomass for seedlings grown on 80-200 mg/kg Hg-polluted soil after 30 days. At 120 mg/kg Hg treatment, 100-300 mg/kg sulfur nanoparticles (SNPs) application counteracted Hg toxicity more effectively compared to the corresponding bulk sulfur particles (BSPs) and ionic sulfur (sulfate) treatments. The seedlings treated with 120 mg/kg Hg + 300 mg/kg SNPs gained 54.2 and 56.9% more shoot and root biomass, respectively, compared to those treated with Hg alone. Meanwhile, 300 mg/kg SNPs application decreased Hg accumulation by 18.9 and 76.5% in shoots and roots, respectively, relative to Hg alone treatment.SNPs treatment caused more Hg to be blocked in the soil and accumulating significantly less Hg in plants as compared to other S forms. The chemical fractions of Hg in the soil were subsequently investigated, and the solubility of Hg was significantly decreased by applying SNPs to the soil. Especially 200-300 mg/kg SNPs treatments caused the ratio of the soluble/exchangeable and the specifically absorbed fraction to be the lowest, accounting for 1.95-4.13% of the total Hg of soil. These findings suggest that adding SNPs to Hg-contaminated soils could be an effective measure for immobilizing soluble Hg and decreasing the Hg concentration in the edible parts of crops. The results of the current study hold promise for the practical application of SNPs to Hg-contaminated farmland for better yields and simultaneously increasing the food safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiurong Zhuang
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Nanjing, China
| | - Qingquan Liu
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuming Sun
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiahao Fu
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Nanjing, China
| | - Shijie Tang
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Nanjing, China
| | - Sudhir Sharma
- Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of MA Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Om Parkash Dhankher
- Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of MA Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Haiyan Yuan
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Nanjing, China
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Hu Y, Zhou X, Shi A, Yu Y, Rensing C, Zhang T, Xing S, Yang W. Exogenous silicon promotes cadmium (Cd) accumulation in Sedum alfredii Hance by enhancing Cd uptake and alleviating Cd toxicity. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1134370. [PMID: 36895873 PMCID: PMC9988946 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1134370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Soil Cadmium (Cd) pollution has become a serious environmental problem. Silicon (Si) plays key roles in alleviating Cd toxicity in plants. However, the effects of Si on mitigation of Cd toxicity and accumulation of Cd by hyperaccumulators are largely unknown. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of Si on Cd accumulation and the physiological characteristics of Cd hyperaccumulator Sedum alfredii Hance under Cd stress. Results showed that, exogenous Si application promoted the biomass, Cd translocation and concentration of S. alfredii, with an increased rate of 21.74-52.17% for shoot biomass, and 412.39-621.00% for Cd accumulation. Moreover, Si alleviated Cd toxicity by: (i) increasing chlorophyll contents, (ii) improving antioxidant enzymes, (iii) enhancing cell wall components (lignin, cellulose, hemicellulose and pectin), (iv) raising the secretion of organic acids (oxalic acid, tartaric acid and L-malic acid). The RT-PCR analysis of genes that involved in Cd detoxification showed that the expression of SaNramp3, SaNramp6, SaHMA2 and SaHMA4 in roots were significantly decreased by 11.46-28.23%, 6.61-65.19%, 38.47-80.87%, 44.80-69.85% and 33.96-71.70% in the Si treatments, while Si significantly increased the expression of SaCAD. This study expanded understanding on the role of Si in phytoextraction and provided a feasible strategy for assisting phytoextraction Cd by S. alfredii. In summary, Si facilitated the Cd phytoextraction of S. alfredii by promoting plant growth and enhancing the resistance of plants to Cd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Hu
- Key Laboratory of Soil Ecosystem Health and Regulation of Fujian Provincial University, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xueqi Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Soil Ecosystem Health and Regulation of Fujian Provincial University, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - An Shi
- Key Laboratory of Soil Ecosystem Health and Regulation of Fujian Provincial University, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yanshuang Yu
- Key Laboratory of Soil Ecosystem Health and Regulation of Fujian Provincial University, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Christopher Rensing
- Key Laboratory of Soil Ecosystem Health and Regulation of Fujian Provincial University, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Taoxiang Zhang
- College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Shihe Xing
- Key Laboratory of Soil Ecosystem Health and Regulation of Fujian Provincial University, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Wenhao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Soil Ecosystem Health and Regulation of Fujian Provincial University, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
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Aguirre-Becerra H, Feregrino-Pérez AA, Esquivel K, Perez-Garcia CE, Vazquez-Hernandez MC, Mariana-Alvarado A. Nanomaterials as an alternative to increase plant resistance to abiotic stresses. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1023636. [PMID: 36304397 PMCID: PMC9593029 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1023636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The efficient use of natural resources without negative repercussions to the environment has encouraged the incursion of nanotechnology to provide viable alternatives in diverse areas, including crop management. Agriculture faces challenges due to the combination of different abiotic stresses where nanotechnology can contribute with promising applications. In this context, several studies report that the application of nanoparticles and nanomaterials positively affects crop productivity through different strategies such as green synthesis of nanoparticles, plant targeted protection through the application of nanoherbicides and nanofungicides, precise and constant supply of nutrients through nanofertilizers, and tolerance to abiotic stress (e.g., low or high temperatures, drought, salinity, low or high light intensities, UV-B, metals in soil) by several mechanisms such as activation of the antioxidant enzyme system that alleviates oxidative stress. Thus, the present review focuses on the benefits of NPs against these type of stress and their possible action mechanisms derived from the interaction between nanoparticles and plants, and their potential application for improving agricultural practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Humberto Aguirre-Becerra
- Cuerpo Académico de Bioingeniería Básica y Aplicada, Facultad de Ingeniería - Campus Amazcala, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Ana Angélica Feregrino-Pérez
- Cuerpo Académico de Bioingeniería Básica y Aplicada, Facultad de Ingeniería - Campus Amazcala, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Karen Esquivel
- Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Querétaro, Mexico
| | | | - Ma. Cristina Vazquez-Hernandez
- Cuerpo Académico de Innovación en Bioprocesos Sustentables, Depto. De Ingenierías, Tecnológico Nacional de México en Roque, Guanajuato, Mexico
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Huang G, Zuverza-Mena N, White JC, Hu H, Xing B, Dhankher OP. Simultaneous exposure of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) to CuO and S nanoparticles alleviates toxicity by reducing Cu accumulation and modulating antioxidant response. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 839:156285. [PMID: 35636547 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Widespread use of metal-based nanoparticles (NPs) may result in the increased accumulation of metals in agricultural soil, which could affect crop productivity and contaminate the food-chain. The effect of sulfur nanoparticles (S NPs, 200 mg/L) co-exposure on the toxicity of CuO nanoparticles (CuO NPs, 25 and 50 mg/L) to wheat seedlings was investigated in a hydroponic system. CuO NPs exposure significantly inhibited the growth of wheat seedlings, causing 43.6% and 54.1% decreases in the fresh biomass of plants and 82.8% and 83.1% decrease in the total chlorophyll contents at 25 and 50 mg/L (CuONP25 and CuONP50), respectively, as compared to controls. CuO NPs exposure at both concentrations increased the malondialdehyde (MDA) content in shoot and root tissues by 66.4-67.9% and 47.7-48.8%, respectively. Further, CuO NPs exposure elevated the activities POD, SOD, and CAT by 2.19-2.27, 5.82-6.09, and 1.44-1.95 times in roots, and by 45.2-67.8%, 86.7-154.5%, and 22.5-56.1% in shoot, respectively, in comparison to control. The addition of S NPs alone increased wheat biomass by 11.0% and total chlorophyll contents by 4.4%, compared to controls. Further, simultaneous exposure to S NPs (200 mg/L) and CuO NPs (25 or 50 mg/L) alleviated the CuO NPs toxicity; wheat biomass was 47.8% and 37.7% higher in CuONP25 + SNP and CuONP50 + SNP treatments, respectively, as compared to CuO NPs alone treated plants. Co-exposed plants showed reduced levels of total reactive oxygen species (ROS), O2·- and H2O2. Additionally, S NPs exposure reduced Cu uptake and accumulation in both root and shoot tissue by 32.2-54.4% and 38.3-57.5%, respectively. In summary, S NPs alleviated CuO NPs toxicity to wheat seedlings, most likely by reducing Cu bioavailability and accumulation of Cu in plant tissues, and also altered S nutrition and the modulation of antioxidant response in plants. These results showed that S NPs application has the potential to alleviate CuO NP toxicity and increase wheat productivity affected by metals toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoyong Huang
- Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts Amherst, MA 01003, USA; Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtse River), Ministry of Agriculture, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei Province, China
| | | | - Jason C White
- Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Hongqing Hu
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtse River), Ministry of Agriculture, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei Province, China
| | - Baoshan Xing
- Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts Amherst, MA 01003, USA.
| | - Om Parkash Dhankher
- Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts Amherst, MA 01003, USA.
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Abstract
Over the last few years, new nanoparticle preparation methods have emerged by replacing the usual reagents with plant extracts obtained in different conditions. An example of a natural plant extract is those of cruciferous vegetables, to obtain the new bio-nano-coatings. Given the composition of cruciferous extracts and large amounts of wastes produced all over the world, they can be successful substitutes to replace conventional coatings and extend the possibility of “smart coatings“. The present review aims to be a critical discussion regarding the application of cruciferous waste in nanotechnological applications. This review paper can be a starting report for different researchers who intend to use this sustainable approach “from green to nanotechnology” to transpose manufacturing from laboratory to industry. Applying this approach to obtain nanostructures with plant waste highlights the importance of minimizing and re-utilizing residues from primary and secondary processing via chemical and social intervention, in order to contribute to the sustainability needs of the planet and its inhabitants.
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