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Harvey F, Aromokunola B, Montaut S, Yang G. The Antioxidant Properties of Glucosinolates in Cardiac Cells Are Independent of H 2S Signaling. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:696. [PMID: 38255773 PMCID: PMC10815443 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25020696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The organic sulfur-containing compounds glucosinolates (GSLs) and the novel gasotransmitter H2S are known to have cardioprotective effects. This study investigated the antioxidant effects and H2S-releasing potential of three GSLs ((3E)-4-(methylsulfanyl)but-3-enyl GSL or glucoraphasatin, 4-hydroxybenzyl GSL or glucosinalbin, and (RS)-6-(methylsulfinyl)hexyl GSL or glucohesperin) in rat cardiac cells. It was found that all three GSLs had no effect on cardiac cell viability but were able to protect against H2O2-induced oxidative stress and cell death. NaHS, a H2S donor, also protected the cells from H2O2-stimulated oxidative stress and cell death. The GSLs alone or mixed with cysteine, N-acetylcysteine, glutathione, H2O2, iron and pyridoxal-5'-phosphate, or mouse liver lysates did not induce H2S release. The addition of GSLs also did not alter endogenous H2S levels in cardiac cells. H2O2 significantly induced cysteine oxidation in the cystathionine gamma-lyase (CSE) protein and inhibited the H2S production rate. In conclusion, this study found that the three tested GSLs protect cardiomyocytes from oxidative stress and cell death but independently of H2S signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Félix Harvey
- School of Natural Sciences, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada; (F.H.); (B.A.)
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research Unit, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada
| | - Boluwaji Aromokunola
- School of Natural Sciences, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada; (F.H.); (B.A.)
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research Unit, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada
| | - Sabine Montaut
- School of Natural Sciences, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada; (F.H.); (B.A.)
| | - Guangdong Yang
- School of Natural Sciences, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada; (F.H.); (B.A.)
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research Unit, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada
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Cedrowski J, Dąbrowa K, Przybylski P, Krogul-Sobczak A, Litwinienko G. Antioxidant activity of two edible isothiocyanates: Sulforaphane and erucin is due to their thermal decomposition to sulfenic acids and methylsulfinyl radicals. Food Chem 2021; 353:129213. [PMID: 33774519 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.129213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Sulforaphane(SFN) and erucin(ERN) are isothiocyanates (ITCs) bearing, respectively, methylsulfinyl and methylsulfanyl groups. Their chemopreventive and anticancer activity is attributed to ability to modulate cellular redox status due to induction of Phase 2 cytoprotective enzymes (indirect antioxidant action) but many attempts to connect the bioactivity of ITCs with their radical trapping activity failed. Both ITCs are evolved from their glucosinolates during food processing of Cruciferous vegetables, therefore, we studied antioxidant behaviour of SFN/ERN at elevated temperature in two lipid systems. Neither ERN nor SFN inhibit the oxidation of bulk linolenic acid (below 100 °C) but both ITCs increase oxidative stability of soy lecithin (above 150 °C). On the basis of GC-MS analysis we verified our preliminary hypothesis (Antioxidants2020, 9, 1090) about participation of sulfenic acids and methylsulfinyl radicals as radical trapping agents responsible for the antioxidant effect of edible ITCs during thermal oxidation of lipids at elevated temperatures (above 140 °C).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Cedrowski
- University of Warsaw, Faculty of Chemistry, Pasteura 1, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Kajetan Dąbrowa
- Polish Academy of Sciences, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Paweł Przybylski
- University of Warsaw, Faculty of Chemistry, Pasteura 1, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
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Lu Y, Wang X, Pu H, Lin Y, Li D, Liu SQ, Huang D. Moringin and Its Structural Analogues as Slow H 2S Donors: Their Mechanisms and Bioactivity. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:7235-7245. [PMID: 32543184 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c02358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Moringin (rhamnobenzyl isothiocyanate) is a major bioactive compound in moringa seeds, which have been used as a healthy food. However, its bioactivity mechanisms are not well understood. We investigated moringin and its structurally similar analogues, including benzyl isothiocyanate and 4-hydroxylbenzyl isothiocyanate, for their hydrogen sulfide (H2S)-releasing activity triggered by cysteine. These isothiocyanates rapidly formed cysteine adducts, which underwent intramolecular cyclization followed by slowly releasing (a) organic amine and raphanusamic acid and (b) H2S and 2-carbylamino-4,5-dihydrothiazole-4-carboxylic acids. The product distributions are highly dependent on para-substituents on the phenyl group. Moringin has higher cytotoxicity to cancer cells and is a more potent anti-inflammatory agent than benzyl and hydroxybenzyl analogues, while benzyl isothiocyanate is a better antibacterial agent. Taken together, their bioactivity may not be directly related to their H2S donation activity. However, other metabolites alone do not have cytotoxicity and anti-inflammatory activity. These findings indicated that their activity may be the combination effects of different metabolites via competitive pathways as well the para-substituent groups of benzyl ITCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyun Lu
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Science Drive 2, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, 117542 Singapore
| | - Xingyi Wang
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Science Drive 2, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, 117542 Singapore
| | - Haoliang Pu
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Science Drive 2, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, 117542 Singapore
| | - Yi Lin
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Science Drive 2, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, 117542 Singapore
| | - Dan Li
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Science Drive 2, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, 117542 Singapore
- National University of Singapore (Suzhou) Research Institute, 377 Lin Quan Street, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Shao Quan Liu
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Science Drive 2, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, 117542 Singapore
- National University of Singapore (Suzhou) Research Institute, 377 Lin Quan Street, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Dejian Huang
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Science Drive 2, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, 117542 Singapore
- National University of Singapore (Suzhou) Research Institute, 377 Lin Quan Street, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
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4
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Singh D, Arora R, Bhatia A, Singh H, Singh B, Arora S. Molecular targets in cancer prevention by 4-(methylthio)butyl isothiocyanate - A comprehensive review. Life Sci 2020; 241:117061. [PMID: 31794774 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.117061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Revised: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The consumption of cruciferous vegetables rich in isothiocyanates has long been associated with a reduced risk of various types of cancer. 4-(methylthio)butyl isothiocyanate also called erucin is an isothiocyanate present in appreciable quantity in the seeds of Eruca sativa Mill. plant. Although the literature has revealed its protective effects via inducing phase II enzymes and inhibiting carcinogen activating phase I enzymes, recent studies also suggest that, it inhibits the proliferation of cancer cells by altering the telomerase activity, dynamics of microtubules, expression of histone deacetylases, and other molecular pathways. With this in mind, the emphasis has been made to review the molecular targets involved in cancer prevention by 4-(methylthio)butyl isothiocyanate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davinder Singh
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, India.
| | - Rohit Arora
- Department of Biochemistry, Sri Guru Ram Das University of Health Science, Amritsar 143005, India.
| | - Astha Bhatia
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, India.
| | - Hasandeep Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, India.
| | - Balbir Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, India.
| | - Saroj Arora
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, India.
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Blažević I, Montaut S, Burčul F, Olsen CE, Burow M, Rollin P, Agerbirk N. Glucosinolate structural diversity, identification, chemical synthesis and metabolism in plants. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2020; 169:112100. [PMID: 31771793 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2019.112100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 235] [Impact Index Per Article: 58.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 08/18/2019] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The glucosinolates (GSLs) is a well-defined group of plant metabolites characterized by having an S-β-d-glucopyrano unit anomerically connected to an O-sulfated (Z)-thiohydroximate function. After enzymatic hydrolysis, the sulfated aglucone can undergo rearrangement to an isothiocyanate, or form a nitrile or other products. The number of GSLs known from plants, satisfactorily characterized by modern spectroscopic methods (NMR and MS) by mid-2018, is 88. In addition, a group of partially characterized structures with highly variable evidence counts for approximately a further 49. This means that the total number of characterized GSLs from plants is somewhere between 88 and 137. The diversity of GSLs in plants is critically reviewed here, resulting in significant discrepancies with previous reviews. In general, the well-characterized GSLs show resemblance to C-skeletons of the amino acids Ala, Val, Leu, Trp, Ile, Phe/Tyr and Met, or to homologs of Ile, Phe/Tyr or Met. Insufficiently characterized, still hypothetic GSLs include straight-chain alkyl GSLs and chain-elongated GSLs derived from Leu. Additional reports (since 2011) of insufficiently characterized GSLs are reviewed. Usually the crucial missing information is correctly interpreted NMR, which is the most effective tool for GSL identification. Hence, modern use of NMR for GSL identification is also reviewed and exemplified. Apart from isolation, GSLs may be obtained by organic synthesis, allowing isotopically labeled GSLs and any kind of side chain. Enzymatic turnover of GSLs in plants depends on a considerable number of enzymes and other protein factors and furthermore depends on GSL structure. Identification of GSLs must be presented transparently and live up to standard requirements in natural product chemistry. Unfortunately, many recent reports fail in these respects, including reports based on chromatography hyphenated to MS. In particular, the possibility of isomers and isobaric structures is frequently ignored. Recent reports are re-evaluated and interpreted as evidence of the existence of "isoGSLs", i.e. non-GSL isomers of GSLs in plants. For GSL analysis, also with MS-detection, we stress the importance of using authentic standards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivica Blažević
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Technology, University of Split, Ruđera Boškovića 35, 21000, Split, Croatia.
| | - Sabine Montaut
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Biomolecular Sciences Programme, Laurentian University, 935 Ramsey Lake Road, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada
| | - Franko Burčul
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Technology, University of Split, Ruđera Boškovića 35, 21000, Split, Croatia
| | - Carl Erik Olsen
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Meike Burow
- DynaMo Center and Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Patrick Rollin
- Institut de Chimie Organique et Analytique (ICOA), Université d'Orléans et CNRS, UMR 7311, BP 6759, F-45067, Orléans Cedex 2, France
| | - Niels Agerbirk
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871, Frederiksberg C, Denmark.
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Montaut S, Read S, Blažević I, Nuzillard JM, Harakat D, Rollin P. Glucosinolates of Lepidium graminifolium L. (Brassicaceae) from Croatia. Nat Prod Res 2019; 35:494-498. [PMID: 31242759 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2019.1633643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The glucosinolate (GSL) profiles (inflorescence, stem, root, and fruit) of the wild-growing plant Lepidium graminifolium L. (Brassicaceae) from Croatia was established by LC-MS analysis. During this investigation, we confirmed the presence of benzyl- (1), 3-methoxybenzyl- (2), 4-hydroxybenzyl- (4), 4-methoxyindol-3-ylmethyl- (7) GSLs and reported for the first time in the plant the presence of (2 R)-hydroxybut-3-enyl- (11), (2S)-hydroxybut-3-enyl- (12), but-3-enyl- (13), and 2-phenylethyl- (14) GSLs. Finally, 3-hydroxybenzyl GSL (3) was isolated for the first time from L. graminifolium inflorescence and characterised by spectroscopic data interpretation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Montaut
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Biomolecular Sciences Programme, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sharayah Read
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Biomolecular Sciences Programme, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ivica Blažević
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Technology, University of Split, Split, Croatia
| | - Jean-Marc Nuzillard
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne et CNRS, Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de Reims, UMR 7312, Reims, France
| | - Dominique Harakat
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne et CNRS, Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de Reims, UMR 7312, Reims, France
| | - Patrick Rollin
- Université d'Orléans et CNRS, Institut de Chimie Organique et Analytique, UMR 7311, Orléans, France
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Montaut S, Raharivelomanana P, Butaud JF, Lehartel T, Rollin P. Glucosinolates of the only three Brassicales indigenous to French Polynesia. Nat Prod Res 2019; 34:2847-2851. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2019.1591401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Montaut
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Biomolecular Sciences Programme, Laurentian University , Sudbury , Canada
| | - Phila Raharivelomanana
- UMR 241, Centre Polynésien de Recherche sur la Biodiversité Insulaire, Université de la Polynésie française , Faa’a , French Polynesia
| | | | - Tamatoa Lehartel
- UMR 241, Centre Polynésien de Recherche sur la Biodiversité Insulaire, Université de la Polynésie française , Faa’a , French Polynesia
| | - Patrick Rollin
- ICOA, Université d’Orléans et CNRS , UMR 7311, Orléans , France
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Burčul F, Generalić Mekinić I, Radan M, Rollin P, Blažević I. Isothiocyanates: cholinesterase inhibiting, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activity. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2018. [PMID: 29513045 PMCID: PMC6010089 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2018.1442832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Finding a new type of cholinesterase inhibitor that would overcome the brain availability and pharmacokinetic parameters or hepatotoxic liability has been a focus of investigations dealing with the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Isothiocyanates have not been previously investigated as potential cholinesterase inhibitors. These compounds can be naturally produced from their glucosinolate precursors, secondary metabolites widely distributed in our daily Brassica vegetables. Among 11 tested compounds, phenyl isothiocyanate and its derivatives showed the most promising inhibitory activity. 2-Methoxyphenyl ITC showed best inhibition on acetylcholinesterase with IC50 of 0.57 mM, while 3-methoxyphenyl ITC showed the best inhibition on butyrylcholinesterase having 49.2% at 1.14 mM. Assessment of the antioxidant efficacy using different methods led to a similar conclusion. The anti-inflammatory activity was also tested using human COX-2 enzyme, ranking phenyl isothiocyanate, and 3-methoxyphenyl isothiocyanate as most active, with ∼99% inhibition at 50 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franko Burčul
- a Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Technology , University of Split , Split , Croatia
| | - Ivana Generalić Mekinić
- b Department of Food Technology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry and Technology , University of Split , Split , Croatia
| | - Mila Radan
- c Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Technology , University of Split , Split , Croatia
| | - Patrick Rollin
- d ICOA, UMR 7311, Université d'Orléans et CNRS , Orléans , France
| | - Ivica Blažević
- e Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Technology , University of Split , Split , Croatia
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