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Aldosari BN, Tawfeek HM, Abdellatif AAH, Almurshedi AS, Alfagih IM, AlQuadeib BT, Abbas AYA, Mohammed HM, Hassan YA, Fayed MH, Tolba NS. Comparative study of Lepidium sativum orally administered seeds, hydrogel and atorvastatin on obesity of rats fed on a high fat diet. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2024; 50:605-618. [PMID: 38963406 DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2024.2376624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity has become a prevalent issue worldwide, leading to various complications such as hyperlipidemia, diabetes, and cardiovascular problems. Statins, as FDA approved anti-hyperlipidemic drugs, still pose some concerns upon their administration. Recently, researchers have looked for natural products as an alternative to manage hyperlipidemia and obesity. AIM This work aimed to study the hypolipidemic effect of Lepidium sativum garden cress (GC) from different preparations; orally administered seeds, and hydrogel, in comparison to atorvastatin. METHODS GC hydrogel was prepared from the GC aqueous extract and pharmaceutically evaluated for its pH, spreadability, seeds content, homogeneity, rheology, and in vitro release. The rat's body weight, blood glucose levels, total lipid profile, and liver biomarkers were evaluated on obese rats for one month. In addition, the histopathology study was also performed. RESULTS GC hydrogel had acceptable pharmaceutical properties and showed a sustained release performance over 24 h. Oral and topical GC significantly reduced the lipid profiles, blood sugar and ALT, AST levels more than the negative control group and comparable to atorvastatin. It was found that oral GC showed a significant effect on the percentage decrease in the rat's body weight than the applied hydrogel. Histopathology study revealed a better outcome in the histological structure of pancreas and liver compared with rats feed on high fat diet post-treatment for one month. CONCLUSION GC orally administered, or topically applied hydrogel could be a promising, safe alternative formulation to atorvastatin in managing hyperlipidemia and normalizing body weight of obese rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basmah N Aldosari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hesham M Tawfeek
- Industrial Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Ahmed A H Abdellatif
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt
| | | | - Iman Mohammed Alfagih
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Asmaa Youssef A Abbas
- Histology and Cell Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Heba M Mohammed
- Puplic Health and Community Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Yasser A Hassan
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, College of Pharmacy, Al-Kitab University, Kirkuk, Iraq
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Delta University for Science and Technology, Gamasa, Egypt
| | - Mohamed H Fayed
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Hafr Al Batin, Hafr Al Batin, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Fayoum University, Faiyum, Egypt
| | - Nahla Sameh Tolba
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sadat City University, Sadat City, Egypt
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Faran SA, Hussain T, Khalid SH, Khan IU, Asif M, Ahmad J, Rehman A, Asghar S. Bile acid/fatty acid integrated nanoemulsomes for nonalcoholic fatty liver targeted lovastatin delivery: stability, in-vitro, ex-vivo, and in-vivo analyses. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2024; 21:779-796. [PMID: 38795359 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2024.2361117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/27/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Controlled and targeted drug delivery to treat nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) can benefit from additive attributes of natural formulation ingredients incorporated into the drug delivery vehicles. METHODS Lovastatin (LVN) loaded, bile acid (BA) and fatty acid (FA) integrated nanoemulsomes (NES) were formulated by thin layer hydration technique for synergistic and targeted delivery of LVN to treat NAFLD. Organic phase NES was comprised of stearic acid with garlic (GL) and ginger (GR) oils, separately. Ursodeoxycholic acid and linoleic acid were individually incorporated as targeting moieties. RESULTS Stability studies over 90 days showed average NES particle size, surface charge, polydispersity index, and entrapment efficiency values of 270 ± 27.4 nm, -23.8 ± 3.5 mV, 0.2 ± 0.04 and 81.36 ± 3.4%, respectively. Spherical NES were observed under a transmission electron microscope. In-vitro LVN release depicted non-fickian release mechanisms from GL and GR oils-based NES. Ex-vivo permeation of BA/FA integrated NES through isolated rat intestines showed greater flux than non-integrated ones. CONCLUSION Liver histopathology of experimental rats together with in-vivo lipid profiles and liver function tests illustrated that these NES possess the clinical potential to be promising drug carriers for NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Ali Faran
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
- Ocular Therapeutics Research Group, Pharmaceutical and Molecular Biotechnology Research Centre, Department of Science, Waterford Campus, South East Technological University (SETU), Waterford, Ireland
| | - Tanveer Hussain
- Faculty of Engineering and Technology, National Textile University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Syed Haroon Khalid
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Ikram Ullah Khan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Asif
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Junaid Ahmad
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Rehman
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Sajid Asghar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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Melali H, Behjati-Najafabadi H, Tabesh F, Sayadishahraki M, Hasehmi-Jazi SM. Assessment of Endothelial Function in Iranian Healthy Obese Patients after Bariatric Surgery. Adv Biomed Res 2022; 11:118. [PMID: 36798922 PMCID: PMC9926030 DOI: 10.4103/abr.abr_250_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Endothelial function plays a critical role in cardiovascular homeostasis. Morbid obesity is associated with an enhanced risk of atherosclerosis and chronic inflammation. Bariatric surgery (BS) is a promising method used recently for weight loss; however, the number of studies that have examined the effect of BS on endothelial function is limited. This study aimed to investigate the association between endothelial function evaluated by flow-mediated dilation (FMD) and weight loss after BS. Materials and Methods This is a cross-sectional study conducted in Isfahan, Iran, and included 40 healthy obese individuals who underwent BS as an intervention group and 40 healthy obese patients who did not undergo BS as a control group in a 6-month follow-up duration period. FMD as an indicator of endothelial function was evaluated in these participants. FMD <7.1% is considered abnormal. Results There was no significant difference between control and BS groups in terms of age and body mass index (BMI) at baseline. The mean ± standard deviation (SD) of FMD in the BS group pre- and post-intervention were 12.95 ± 6.90 and 37.65 ± 13.52 respectively and the mean ± SD of FMD in the control group were 15.88 ± 6.85 and 15.85 ± 5.83. The association between significant weight loss after BS and FMD was strongly significant (P < 0.001). Conclusions According to the results of this study, it can be concluded that BS has been effective in terms of improving the FMD as an indicator of endothelial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Melali
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Hamid Behjati-Najafabadi
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran,Address for correspondence: Dr. Hamid Behjati-Najafabadi, Department of General Surgery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. E-mail:
| | - Faezeh Tabesh
- Cardiac Rehabilitation Research Center, Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Masoud Sayadishahraki
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Iftikhar N, Hussain AI, Kamal GM, Manzoor S, Fatima T, Alswailmi FK, Ahmad A, Alsuwayt B, Abdullah Alnasser SM. Antioxidant, Anti-Obesity, and Hypolipidemic Effects of Polyphenol Rich Star Anise ( Illicium verum) Tea in High-Fat-Sugar Diet-Induced Obesity Rat Model. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11112240. [PMID: 36421427 PMCID: PMC9686881 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11112240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Star anise (Illicium verum Hook. fil.) is commonly utilized as a culinary and medicinal fruit and is most famous in indigenous systems of medicine. The present research work aims to appraise and validate the potential of polyphenol-rich star anise tea (SAT) on oxidative stress, obesity and related biochemical parameters in high-fat-sugar-diet (HFSD)-induced obesity model in rats. SAT was prepared using the traditional method in warm water. The Reverse Phase High Pressure Liquid Chromatography (RP-HPLC) analysis was performed for the simultaneous determination of phenolic acids and flavonoids in SAT. Two doses (250 and 500 mg/kg body weight) were selected to investigate the anti-obesity potential of SAT using HFSD-induced obese rat model. Major (>5 mg/100 mL) phenolic acids in SAT were p-coumeric acid, gallic aid, cinamic acid, chlorogenic acid and ferulic acid while catechin and rutin were the major flavonoids detected in the SAT. SAT exhibited 51.3% DPPH radical scavenging activity. In vivo study showed that higher doses of SAT (500 mg/kg body weight) significantly reduced the body weight increase (74.82%) and BMI (0.64 g/cm2). Moreover, significant reductions in the levels of serum total cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL and VLDL were recorded in all the treatment groups in comparison to the HFSDC group. Furthermore, SAT reduced the alterations in MDA, SOD and GSH levels of experimental groups thus showing the potential against oxidative stress. The SAT-500 group showed a significant decrease in the elevated kidney and liver weights and atherogenic index in comparison to the HFSDC group. The present study proved that SAT exhibited strong protective effects against obesity and oxidative stress, especially at higher doses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neelam Iftikhar
- Natural Product and Synthetic Chemistry (NPSC) Lab, Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Abdullah Ijaz Hussain
- Natural Product and Synthetic Chemistry (NPSC) Lab, Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
- Central Hi-Tech Lab, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
- Correspondence: (A.I.H.); (S.M.A.A.)
| | - Ghulam Mustafa Kamal
- Institute of Chemistry, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan 64200, Pakistan
| | - Sidra Manzoor
- Natural Product and Synthetic Chemistry (NPSC) Lab, Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Tabinda Fatima
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Hafr Al-Batin, Hafr Al-Batin 39524, Saudi Arabia
| | - Farhan Khashim Alswailmi
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, University of Hafr Al-Batin, Hafr Al-Batin 39524, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ashfaq Ahmad
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, University of Hafr Al-Batin, Hafr Al-Batin 39524, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bader Alsuwayt
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, University of Hafr Al-Batin, Hafr Al-Batin 39524, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sulaiman Mohammed Abdullah Alnasser
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Unaizah College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraidah 51452, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (A.I.H.); (S.M.A.A.)
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ELKATTAWY HA, MAHMOUD ABDELMONEM ELSHERBINI D, ALI EBRAHIM H, ABDULLAH DM, AL-ZAHABY SA, NOSERY Y, EL-SAYED HASSAN A. Rho-kinase inhibition ameliorates non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in type 2 diabetic rats. Physiol Res 2022; 71:615-630. [PMID: 36047723 PMCID: PMC9841803 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.934869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is linked to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), obesity, and insulin resistance. The Rho/ROCK pathway had been involved in the pathophysiology of diabetic complications. This study was designed to assess the possible protective impacts of the Rho/Rho-associated coiled-coil containing protein kinase (Rho/ROCK) inhibitor fasudil against NAFLD in T2DM rats trying to elucidate the underlying mechanisms. Animals were assigned into control rats, non-treated diabetic rats with NAFLD, and diabetic rats with NAFLD that received fasudil treatment (10 mg/kg per day) for 6 weeks. The anthropometric measures and biochemical analyses were performed to assess metabolic and liver function changes. The inflammatory and oxidative stress markers and the histopathology of rat liver tissues were also investigated. Groups with T2DM showed increased body weight, serum glucose, and insulin resistance. They exhibited disturbed lipid profile, enhancement of inflammatory cytokines, and deterioration of liver function. Fasudil administration reduced body weight, insulin resistance, and raised liver enzymes. It improved the disturbed lipid profile and attenuated liver inflammation. Moreover, it slowed down the progression of high fat diet (HFD)-induced liver injury and reduced the caspase-3 expression. The present study demonstrated beneficial amelioration effect of fasudil on NAFLD in T2DM. The mechanisms underlying these impacts are improving dyslipidemia, attenuating oxidative stress, downregulated inflammation, improving mitochondrial architecture, and inhibiting apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hany A. ELKATTAWY
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Almaarefa University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia,Medical Physiology Department, College of Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt
| | - Dalia MAHMOUD ABDELMONEM ELSHERBINI
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia,Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Hasnaa ALI EBRAHIM
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Doaa M. ABDULLAH
- Clinical Pharmacology Department, College of Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt
| | | | - Yousef NOSERY
- Pathology Department, College of Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt
| | - Ahmed EL-SAYED HASSAN
- Medical Physiology Department, College of Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt,Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Sulaiman AlRajhi University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Chemical Profiles and Antiobesity Effect of a Mixture of Astragalus membranaceus and Lithospermum erythrorhizon Extract in High Fat Diet Fed Mice. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:9642427. [PMID: 35990844 PMCID: PMC9391103 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9642427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The present study aimed to evaluate the antiobesity potential and synergistic effects of ALM16, a mixture of Astragalus membranaceus (AM) and Lithospermum erythrorhizon (LE) extracts, in HFD-induced obese mice. C57BL/6 mice were fed a normal diet (ND), high-fat diet (HFD), HFD + AM, HFD + LE or HFD + ALM16 (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg) daily for 5 weeks. Compared to the ND group, HFD-fed mice showed significant increases in body weight, food efficiency ratio, weights of white adipose tissues, adipocytes size, liver weight, and hepatic steatosis grade. However, ALM16 significantly reduced those increases induced by HFD. Moreover, as compared to the HFD group, the ALM16 group significantly ameliorated serum levels of lipid profiles (TG, TC, HDL, and LDL), adipokines (leptin and adiponectin), and liver damage markers (AST and ALT levels). Notably, ALM16 was more effective than AM or LE alone and had a similar or more potent effect than Garcinia cambogia extracts, as a positive control, at the same dose. These results demonstrate that ALM16 synergistically exerts anti-obesity effects based on complementary interactions between each component. Also, metabolic profiling between each extract and the ALM16 was confirmed by UPLC-QTOF/MS, and the difference was confirmed by relative quantification.
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Iftikhar N, Hussain AI, Chatha SAS, Sultana N, Rathore HA. Effects of polyphenol-rich traditional herbal teas on obesity and oxidative stress in rats fed a high-fat-sugar diet. Food Sci Nutr 2022; 10:698-711. [PMID: 35311163 PMCID: PMC8907747 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hibiscus rosa-sinensis and Zingiber officinalis teas are traditionally used for the therapies of various diseases, including obesity. The present research work was planned to appraise the potential of polyphenol-rich extracts of selected herbal plants in obesity and related biochemical parameters of high-fat-sugar diet-induced obese rats. Three herbal teas were prepared from Hibiscus rosa-sinensis flowers and Zingiber officinalis rhizomes and their mixture (3:1, respectively). Total phenolic contents (TPC) of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis and Zingiber officinalis extracts were found to be 5.82 and 1.45 mg/g of dry plant material, measured as GAE, while total flavonoid contents (TFC) were 9.17 and 1.95 mg/g of dry plant material, measured as CE, respectively. Two doses (250 and 500 mg/kg BW) of each tea were administered and body weight, BMI, kidney, liver, and atherogenic indices, TC, TG, HDL, LDL, VLDL, BT, AST, ALT, AP, SC, MDA, SOD, GSH, and TAC of rats groups were measured. Data showed that higher doses of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis significantly reduced the rat's BMI (0.50 g/cm2) in comparison with the high-fat-sugar diet group (0.79 g/cm2). All treatment groups, especially H-500 group, showed a significant decrease in the elevated kidney and liver weights and atherogenic index in comparison with HFSDC groups. Higher doses of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis significantly decreased the levels of AST, ALT, AP, and SC in comparison with the HFSDC group. A significant decrease in the levels of serum TC, TG, LDL, and VLDL was observed in all the treatment groups in comparison with the HFSDC group. Furthermore, all the teas, especially higher doses of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis, prevented the alterations in MDA, SOD, and GSH levels of experimental groups, thus showing the potential against oxidative stress. It can be concluded from these results that Hibiscus rosa-sinensis teas exhibited strong protective effects against obesity and oxidative stress, especially at higher doses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neelam Iftikhar
- Department of ChemistryGovernment College University FaisalabadFaisalabadPakistan
| | - Abdullah Ijaz Hussain
- Department of ChemistryGovernment College University FaisalabadFaisalabadPakistan
- Central Hi‐Tech LabGovernment College University FaisalabadFaisalabadPakistan
| | | | - Nazia Sultana
- Department of ChemistryGovernment College University FaisalabadFaisalabadPakistan
| | - Hassaan Anwer Rathore
- Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesCollege of PharmacyQU HealthQatar UniversityDohaQatar
- Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research Unit (BPRU)QU HealthQatar UniversityDohaQatar
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Jin YJ, Jang MG, Kim JW, Baek S, Ko HC, Hur SP, Kim SJ. Anti-Obesity Effects of Polymethoxyflavone-Rich Fraction from Jinkyool (Citrus sunki Hort. ex Tanaka) Leaf on Obese Mice Induced by High-Fat Diet. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14040865. [PMID: 35215514 PMCID: PMC8878017 DOI: 10.3390/nu14040865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Polymethoxyflavones (PMFs) are flavonoids exclusively found in certain citrus fruits and have been reported to be beneficial to human health. Most studies have been conducted with PMFs isolated from citrus peels, while there is no study on PMFs isolated from leaves. In this study, we prepared a PMF-rich fraction (PRF) from the leaves of Citrus sunki Hort ex. Tanaka (Jinkyool) and investigated whether the PRF could improve metabolic decline in obese mice induced by a high-fat diet (HFD) for 5 weeks. The HFD-induced obese mice were assigned into HFD, OR (HFD + orlistat at 15.6 mg/kg of body weight/day), and PRF (HFD + 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg of body weight/day) groups. Orlistat and PRF were orally administered for 5 weeks. At the end of the experiment, the serum biochemical parameters, histology, and gene expression profiles in the tissues of each group were analyzed. The body weight gain of the obese mice was significantly reduced after orlistat and PRF administration for 5 weeks. PRF effectively improved HFD-induced insulin resistance and dyslipidemia. Histological analysis in the liver demonstrated that PRF decreased adipocyte size and potentially improved the liver function, as it inhibited the incidence of fatty liver. PRF activated AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), and hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) in HFD-induced obese mice. Moreover, liver transcriptome analysis revealed that PRF administration enriched genes mainly related to fatty-acid metabolism and immune responses. Overall, these results suggest that the PRF exerted an anti-obesity effect via the modulation of lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeong-Jun Jin
- Department of Biology, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea;
| | - Mi-Gyeong Jang
- Biotech Regional Innovation Center, Jeju Nation University, Jeju 63423, Korea; (M.-G.J.); (J.-W.K.); (S.B.)
| | - Jae-Won Kim
- Biotech Regional Innovation Center, Jeju Nation University, Jeju 63423, Korea; (M.-G.J.); (J.-W.K.); (S.B.)
| | - Songyee Baek
- Biotech Regional Innovation Center, Jeju Nation University, Jeju 63423, Korea; (M.-G.J.); (J.-W.K.); (S.B.)
| | - Hee-Chul Ko
- Jeju Institute of Korean Medicine, Jeju 63309, Korea;
| | - Sung-Pyo Hur
- Jeju International Marine Science Research & Logistics Center, Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology, Gujwa, Jeju 63349, Korea;
| | - Se-Jae Kim
- Department of Biology, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea;
- Biotech Regional Innovation Center, Jeju Nation University, Jeju 63423, Korea; (M.-G.J.); (J.-W.K.); (S.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-64-754-3529
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Substitution of calorie restriction for protective effects of estrogen on cardiometabolic risk factors and oxidative stress in obese postmenopausal rat model. Life Sci 2022; 294:120367. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Abu Bakar Sajak A, Azlan A, Abas F, Hamzah H. The Changes in Endogenous Metabolites in Hyperlipidemic Rats Treated with Herbal Mixture Containing Lemon, Apple Cider, Garlic, Ginger, and Honey. Nutrients 2021; 13:3573. [PMID: 34684574 PMCID: PMC8539352 DOI: 10.3390/nu13103573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
An herbal mixture composed of lemon, apple cider, garlic, ginger and honey as a polyphenol-rich mixture (PRM) has been reported to contain hypolipidemic activity on human subjects and hyperlipidemic rats. However, the therapeutic effects of PRM on metabolites are not clearly understood. Therefore, this study aimed to provide new information on the causal impact of PRM on the endogenous metabolites, pathways and serum biochemistry. Serum samples of hyperlipidemic rats treated with PRM were subjected to biochemistry (lipid and liver profile) and hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA enzyme reductase (HMG-CoA reductase) analyses. In contrast, the urine samples were subjected to urine metabolomics using 1H NMR. The serum biochemistry revealed that PRM at 500 mg/kg (PRM-H) managed to lower the total cholesterol level and low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C) (p < 0.05) and reduce the HMG-CoA reductase activity. The pathway analysis from urine metabolomics reveals that PRM-H altered 17 pathways, with the TCA cycle having the highest impact (0.26). Results also showed the relationship between the serum biochemistry of LDL-C and HMG-CoA reductase and urine metabolites (trimethylamine-N-oxide, dimethylglycine, allantoin and succinate). The study's findings demonstrated the potential of PRM at 500 mg/kg as an anti-hyperlipidemic by altering the TCA cycle, inhibiting HMG-CoA reductase and lowering the LDL-C in high cholesterol rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azliana Abu Bakar Sajak
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia;
| | - Azrina Azlan
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia;
- Research Centre for Excellence for Nutrition and Non-Communicable Disease, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Faridah Abas
- Laboratory of Natural Products, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia;
| | - Hazilawati Hamzah
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia;
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Salvianolic acid B induces browning in 3T3-L1 white adipocytes via activation of β3-AR and ERK signaling pathways. J Funct Foods 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2021.104475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
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Zabihian MA, Hosseini M, Bahrami F, Iman M, Ghasemi M, Mohammadi MT, Bahari Z. Intracerebroventricular injection of propranolol blocked analgesic and neuroprotective effects of resveratrol following L 5 spinal nerve ligation in rat. JOURNAL OF COMPLEMENTARY & INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 18:701-710. [PMID: 33962501 DOI: 10.1515/jcim-2020-0393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 01/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Resveratrol as a natural polyphenolic agent can alleviate neuropathic pain symptoms. The mechanism of analgesic activity of resveratrol is far from clear. The current study examine whether analgesic activity of resveratrol is mediated by its neuroprotective and anti-oxidant activity in the neuropathic pain. We further examine whether analgesic activity of resveratrol is mediated by β-adrenoceptors in the brain. METHODS Neuropathic pain induced by L5 spinal nerve ligation (SNL). Male Wistar rats assigned into sham, SNL, SNL + resveratrol (40 μg/5 μL), and SNL + resveratrol + propranolol (a non-selective β-adrenoceptor antagonist, 30 μg/5 μL) groups. Drugs injected intracerebroventricular (ICV) at day SNL surgery and daily for 6 days following SNL. Thermal allodynia and anxiety examined on days of -1, 2, 4, and 6 following SNL. Electrophysiological study performed on day 6 following SNL for evaluation of resveratrol effects on sciatic nerve conduction velocity (NCV). The activity of catalase (Cat) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzymes in the brain assessed on days 6 following SNL. RESULTS Resveratrol significantly decreased thermal allodynia (and not anxiety) in all experimental days. Additionally, resveratrol significantly increased NCV, and also normalized the disrupted Cat and SOD activities following neuropathic pain. Furthermore, propranolol significantly blocked the analgesic and neuroprotective effects of resveratrol. CONCLUSIONS It is suggested that the analgesic effects of resveratrol is mediated by its neuroprotective and antioxidant activities in the neuropathic rats. Furthermore, propranolol blocked the analgesic and neuroprotective effects of resveratrol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Ali Zabihian
- Student Research Committee, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Hosseini
- Student Research Committee, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farideh Bahrami
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Faculty of Medicine, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Neuroscience Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Iman
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maedeh Ghasemi
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taghi Mohammadi
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Faculty of Medicine, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Neuroscience Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Bahari
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Faculty of Medicine, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Neuroscience Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Geng X, Liu H, Yuwen Q, Wang J, Zhang S, Zhang X, Sun J. Protective effects of zingerone on high cholesterol diet-induced atherosclerosis through lipid regulatory signaling pathway. Hum Exp Toxicol 2021; 40:1732-1745. [PMID: 33845646 DOI: 10.1177/09603271211006170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
AIM A high cholesterol diet (HCD) is known to cause metabolic dysregulation, oxidative stress, cardiovascular diseases and atherogenesis. Zingerone is a pharmacologically active component of dry ginger. Zingerone has been shown to have a wide range of pharmacological properties, including scavenging free radicals, high antioxidant activity, suppressing lipid peroxidation and anti-inflammatory. This study aimed to investigate the effects of Zingerone on HCD-induced atherosclerosis in rats. METHODS Animals were divided into four categories (n = 6). Group I: normal control, Group II: zingerone control (20 mg/kg b.wt.), group III: HCD-induced atherosclerosis, Group IV: HCD + zingerone, respectively, for 8 weeks. RESULTS The HCD-fed rats resulted in a significant increase in an atherosclerotic lesion, lipid peroxidation, lipid profile, high-density lipoprotein concentration, cardiac markers, body weight, reduced antioxidant status, and displayed atherosclerosis. These findings were conventional by up-regulated expression of lipid regulatory genes like sterol-regulatory-element-binding protein-c (SREBP-c), fatty acid synthase (FAS), acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), acetyl-CoA synthetase (ACS), liver X receptor-alpha (LXR-α), and down-regulated expression of acetyl-CoA oxidase (ACO), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha (PPAR-α) and carnitine palmitoyl transferase-1 (CPT-1) in HCD-fed rats. These significant changes were observed in the zingerone-treated rats for the last 4 weeks. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that zingerone reduced atherosclerosis by modulated the atherosclerotic lesion, lipid profile, antioxidant status and lipid regulatory gene expression in HCD-fed rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Geng
- Department of Emergency, 159363Tangshan Gongren Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - H Liu
- Medical Imaging Department, 159363Tangshan Gongren Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Q Yuwen
- Medical Imaging Department, Yanda Hospital, Langfang, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - J Wang
- Department of Stomatology, 159363Tangshan Gongren Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - S Zhang
- Department of Emergency, Luanzhou People's Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - X Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Zunhua People's Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - J Sun
- Medical Imaging Department, 159363Tangshan Gongren Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei, People's Republic of China
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Khattab A, Ahmed-Farid O, Nasr S. Enhanced brain biodistribution of Ginsenoside Rg1 based self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system to ameliorate metabolic syndromes and keep homeostatic balance. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2020.102276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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15
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Devi S, Rangra NK, Rawat R, Alrobaian MM, Alam A, Singh R, Singh A. Anti-atherogenic effect of Nepitrin-7-O-glucoside: A flavonoid isolated from Nepeta hindostana via acting on PPAR - α receptor. Steroids 2021; 165:108770. [PMID: 33227319 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2020.108770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Atherogenic dyslipidemia is a condition and responsible for the induction of major cardiovascular diseases. Traditionally, Nepeta hindostana a medicinal plant commonly used as cardioprotective in Indo-Pak regions has gained importance because of its therapeutic active flavonoid Nepitrin-7-O-glucoside. Flavonoid-glycosides are steroids having the ability to exert specific, decisive action on the cardiac muscle. In the present research work flavonoid, Nepitrin-7-O-glucoside was isolated from methanolic extract via chromatographic techniques. The structure was elucidated and confirmed by different spectral techniques like Mass and 1H NMR spectrometry. Various preclinical atherosclerosis parameters such as lipid levels, SGOT/SGPT, body weight, histology of aorta and heart were estimated and beneficial effect of Nepitrin in high-fat diet (HFD) induced atherosclerosis for six weeks were observed. Outcomes of the preclinical results showed and proved that Nepitrin significantly improved dyslipidemia at an effective dose of 50 mg/kg as compared with HFD control and Simvastatin. Molecular docking showed significant binding affinity towards the target PPAR-α receptor (PDB: 2P54). Further the docked ligands with PDB: 2P54 were exposed to molecular dynamics studies to confirm the dynamic behaviour of PPAR-α receptor. Outcomes of the results of the in-vivo study and molecular dynamics study were in correlation with each-others. Further, it can be concluded that Nepitrin has a potent antiatherogenic agent and act by reducing the lipid levels via acting on PPAR-α receptor and regenerating the damaged cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sushma Devi
- Maharishi Markandeshwar College of Pharmacy, Maharishi Markandeshwar University, Mullana, Ambala, Haryana 133207, India.
| | - Naresh Kumar Rangra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, Jharkhand 835215, India
| | - Ravi Rawat
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, Jharkhand 835215, India
| | - Majed M Alrobaian
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, Taif 21974, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aftab Alam
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Randhir Singh
- Maharishi Markandeshwar College of Pharmacy, Maharishi Markandeshwar University, Mullana, Ambala, Haryana 133207, India
| | - Akanksha Singh
- Prin. K. M. Kundnani College of Pharmacy, Rambhau Salgaonkar Marg, Cuffe Parade, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400005, India
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Chinchu J, Mohan MC, Prakash Kumar B. Anti-obesity and lipid lowering effects of Varanadi kashayam (decoction) on high fat diet induced obese rats. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.obmed.2019.100170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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17
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Real-Sandoval SA, Gutiérrez-López GF, Domínguez-López A, Paniagua-Castro N, Michicotl-Meneses MM, Jaramillo-Flores ME. Downregulation of proinflammatory liver gene expression by Justicia spicigera and kaempferitrin in a murine model of obesity-induced by a high-fat diet. J Funct Foods 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2020.103781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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18
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Sudirman S, Chen CK, Long BT, Chang HW, Tsou D, Kong ZL. Vitellaria paradoxa Nut Triterpene-Rich Extract Ameliorates Symptoms of Inflammation on Post-Traumatic Osteoarthritis in Obese Rats. J Pain Res 2020; 13:261-271. [PMID: 32099450 PMCID: PMC6997037 DOI: 10.2147/jpr.s228766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To investigate the ameliorative effects of Vitellaria paradoxa (VP) nut extract for an anterior cruciate ligament transection with medial meniscectomy (ACLT+MMx)-induced osteoarthritis (OA) in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese rats. Methods The rats were fed by HFD for 5 weeks before surgery-induced OA. Rats were treated orally with three different doses of VP nut extract (111.6, 223.2, and 446.4 mg/kg) for 8 weeks. Results The VP nut triterpene-rich extract decreased the level of triglycerides and increased high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol. The level of nitric oxide, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α decreased after treatment with VP nut triterpene-rich extract, especially in high-doses. The VP nut triterpene-rich extracts also alleviated swelling in the knee OA, weight-bearing difference, and suppressed cartilage degradation. Conclusion The Vitellaria paradoxa nut triterpene-rich extract suppressed proinflammatory mediators and attenuated the cartilage degradation and pain in osteoarthritis with an obesity rat model. As such, Vitellaria paradoxa nut triterpene-rich extract can be used as an alternative for osteoarthritis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabri Sudirman
- Department of Food Science, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung City 20224, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Kai Chen
- Department of Food Science, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung City 20224, Taiwan
| | - Bing-Ting Long
- Department of Food Science, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung City 20224, Taiwan
| | - Heng-Wei Chang
- Department of Food Science, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung City 20224, Taiwan
| | - David Tsou
- Department of Food Science, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung City 20224, Taiwan
| | - Zwe-Ling Kong
- Department of Food Science, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung City 20224, Taiwan
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19
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Choe D, Jung HH, Kim D, Shin CS, Johnston TV, Ku S. In vivo evaluation of the anti-obesity effects of combinations of Monascus pigment derivatives. RSC Adv 2020; 10:1456-1462. [PMID: 35494723 PMCID: PMC9047284 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra08036h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
The prevention and treatment of obesity using naturally derived compounds is desirable in terms of marketing and safety in the nutraceutical and functional food markets. One of the noticeable effects of Monascus pigment derivatives is the inhibition/deactivation of lipid metabolism. Our earlier studies reported that threonine (Thr), tryptophan (Trp), and 2-(p-tolyl)-ethylamine (TEA) derivatives of Monascus pigment showed cholesterol-lowering, lipase-inhibitory, and adipogenic differentiation-inhibitory activities, respectively. In this work, we investigated the in vivo anti-obesity effects of a combination of Thr, Trp and TEA derivatives. C57BL/6 mice were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) and simultaneously administered one of three 1 : 1 mixtures of Thr, Trp, and TEA derivatives. After 10 weeks of feeding, the weight gains of mice fed with three combined derivatives decreased by 20.3-37.9%, compared to mice fed the HFD. The epididymal adipose tissue (EAT) weights of mice fed with the combined derivatives decreased by 42.3-60.5% compared to the HFD group, and their EAT size decreased. Transverse micro-CT imaging revealed reduction of the subcutaneous and visceral fat layers of test mice. Our results confirm that Monascus-fermented pigment derivatives have in vivo anti-obesity effects and their combinations provide a higher efficacy in the reduction of body weight and EAT weights as well as lipid accumulation in mice. The key to accomplishing high anti-obesity effect was combining Thr and Trp derivatives, which provide higher effectiveness than other combined derivatives. These observations offer a potential use of Monascus pigment derivatives as a therapeutic approach to prevention and/or treatment of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deokyeong Choe
- Fermentation Science Program, School of Agriculture, College of Basic and Applied Sciences, Middle Tennessee State University Murfreesboro TN 37132 USA
| | - Hyun Ho Jung
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University Seoul 03722 South Korea
| | - Daehwan Kim
- Department of Biology, Hood College Frederick MD 21701 USA
| | - Chul Soo Shin
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University Seoul 03722 South Korea
| | - Tony Vaughn Johnston
- Fermentation Science Program, School of Agriculture, College of Basic and Applied Sciences, Middle Tennessee State University Murfreesboro TN 37132 USA
| | - Seockmo Ku
- Fermentation Science Program, School of Agriculture, College of Basic and Applied Sciences, Middle Tennessee State University Murfreesboro TN 37132 USA
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20
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Faran SA, Asghar S, Khalid SH, Khan IU, Asif M, Khalid I, Gohar UF, Hussain T. Hepatoprotective and Renoprotective Properties of Lovastatin-Loaded Ginger and Garlic Oil Nanoemulsomes: Insights into Serum Biological Parameters. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2019; 55:E579. [PMID: 31505863 PMCID: PMC6780118 DOI: 10.3390/medicina55090579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2019] [Revised: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Dyslipidemia is gaining much attention among healthcare professionals because of its high association with the malfunctioning of a number of normal physiological and metabolic processes in the body. Obesity is directly interconnected with dyslipidemia and is said to be a denouement of hyperlipidemia and, if left untreated, may lead to intense damage to organs that are directly involved in fat metabolism. The objective of this study was to investigate the synergistic antiobesity and anti-hyperlipidemic activities along with hepato- and renoprotective potential of nanoemulsomes (NES) of lovastatin (LTN)-loaded ginger (GR) and garlic (GL) oils. Materials and Methods: LTN nanoemulsomes co-encapsulated with GR oil and GL oil were prepared by a thin hydration technique. Eight-week-old male Wistar rats weighing 200-250 g were induced with hyperlipidemia via a high-fat diet (HFD) comprising 40% beef tallow. Body weight, serum biochemical lipid parameters, and those for liver and kidney functions, serum TC, LDL-C, vLDL-C, HDL-C, TG, atherogenic index (AI), ALT, AFT, ALP, γ-GT, total protein (TP), serum albumin and globulin ratio (A/G), serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and blood urea, and histopathology of hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stained liver and kidney sections of all aforementioned groups were examined in the treated animals. Results: Nanoemulsomes of LTN-loaded GR and GL oils provided synergistic effects with LTN, exerted better ameliorative actions in reducing serum TC, LDL-C, vLDL-C, triglycerides, and AI, and improved serum HDL-C levels. Serum ALT, AST, ALP, and γ-GT levels were in the normal range for nanoemulsome groups. H&E stained liver and kidney sections of these animals confirmed better hepatoprotective and renoprotective effects than LTN alone. Serum biochemical parameters for renal functions also claimed to be in the moderate range for nanoemulsome-treated groups. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that nanoemulsomes of LTN-loaded GR and GL oils synergistically provided better antihyperlipidemic, hepatoprotective, and renoprotective effects as compared to LTN alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Ali Faran
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Sajid Asghar
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan.
| | - Syed Haroon Khalid
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Ikram Ullah Khan
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Asif
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Ikrima Khalid
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Umar Farooq Gohar
- Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Government College University Lahore, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Tanveer Hussain
- Faculty of Engineering and Technology, National Textile University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan.
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Zhang Y, Xu L, Ding M, Su G, Zhao Y. Anti-obesity effect of garlic oil on obese rats via Shenque point administration. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 231:486-493. [PMID: 30472401 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2018.11.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Revised: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Shenque is an acupoint located in the umbilicus and connected with the meridians. Thus, acupoint herbs applied at Shenque plays a pivotal role in the Chinese traditional medicine due to its sensitivity, permeability, and absorption. Many studies reported the use of Shenque point as a successful therapeutic approach. However, the effect of garlic oil (GO) applied at Shenque point to combat obesity is unmet. Consequently, we investigated the potential benefit of GO applied at Shenque point against obesity. AIM OF THE STUDY To investigate GO effects on obese rats applied at Shenque acupoint and orally administered, and to identify the chemical constituents of GO. MATERIALS AND METHODS Rats were randomly divided into 2 groups: naive and model group. The model group rats were fed with a high fat diet for 7 weeks to induce obesity, and then they were randomly divided into 5 groups: model, GO Shenque point treated groups (25, 50 and 100 mg/kg/day) and oral group (50 mg/kg/day). Biochemical indexes in the serum, weight of adipose tissue and liver histopathology were evaluated after 6 weeks of GO treatment using a Hitachi 7080 analyzer (Hitachi, Japan). Moreover, GO chemical components were detected by gas chromatography-mass spectrometer (GC-MS). RESULTS Compared with the naive rats, model rats exhibited higher body and liver weight, increased fat deposition, higher triglyceride concentration and alveolar development. In contrast, GO Shenque point treated groups showed a substantial decrease in body weight (P = 0.358, 0.028, 0.031, respectively), fat mass, cholesterol (P = 0.004, 0.041, 0.001, respectively), triglyceride (P = 0.001, 0.001, 0.001, respectively), and low density lipoprotein concentrations (P = 0.001, 0.000, 0.001, respectively). The effect was more remarkable than the GO orally administered. In addition, twelve GO organosulfur compounds were identified by GC-MS and diallyl trisulfide (DATS) was detected as the main compound, with a 32.08% concentration. CONCLUSIONS These findings demonstrated that GO had a significant anti-obesity effect on obese rats by reducing the body weight and protecting the liver from damage, and the effect of Shenque point treatment was better than oral administration, suggesting that GO was an effective weight-loss drug and Shenque point administration might be considered as a new anti-obesity approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumeng Zhang
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Lei Xu
- Yanbian University, Yanji 133000, China
| | - Meng Ding
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Guangyue Su
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China; Key Laboratory of Structure-based Drug Design and Discovery of Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China.
| | - Yuqing Zhao
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China; Key Laboratory of Structure-based Drug Design and Discovery of Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China.
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An T, Zhang J, Lv B, Liu Y, Huang J, Lian J, Wu Y, Gao S, Jiang G. Salvianolic acid B plays an anti-obesity role in high fat diet-induced obese mice by regulating the expression of mRNA, circRNA, and lncRNA. PeerJ 2019; 7:e6506. [PMID: 30842902 PMCID: PMC6397762 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.6506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Adipose tissue plays a central role in obesity-related metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes. Salvianolic acid B (Sal B), a water-soluble ingredient derived from Salvia miltiorrhiza, has been shown to reduce obesity and obesity-related metabolic diseases by suppressing adipogenesis. However, the role of Sal B in white adipose tissue (WAT) is not yet clear. Methods Illumina Hiseq 4000 was used to study the effects of Sal B on the expression of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) and circular RNA (circRNA) in epididymal white adipose tissue induced by a high fat diet in obese mice. Results RNA-Seq data showed that 234 lncRNAs, 19 circRNAs, and 132 mRNAs were differentially expressed in WAT under Sal B treatment. The up-regulated protein-coding genes in WAT of the Sal B-treated group were involved in the insulin resistance pathway, while the down-regulated genes mainly participated in the IL-17 signaling pathway. Other pathways may play an important role in the formation and differentiation of adipose tissue, such as B cell receptor signaling. Analysis of the lncRNA–mRNA network provides potential targets for lncRNAs in energy metabolism. We speculate that Sal B may serve as a potential therapeutic approach for obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian An
- Traditional Chinese Medicine School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Tangshan Workers Hospital, Tangshan, China
| | - Bohan Lv
- Traditional Chinese Medicine School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yufei Liu
- The Third Affiliated Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | | | - Juan Lian
- Traditional Chinese Medicine School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yanxiang Wu
- Traditional Chinese Medicine School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Sihua Gao
- Traditional Chinese Medicine School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Guangjian Jiang
- Traditional Chinese Medicine School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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Dietary supplement with a mixture of fish oil and krill oil has sex-dependent effects on obese mice gut microbiota. J Funct Foods 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2018.07.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
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24
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El-Sherbiny M, Eldosoky M, El-Shafey M, Othman G, Elkattawy HA, Bedir T, Elsherbiny NM. Vitamin D nanoemulsion enhances hepatoprotective effect of conventional vitamin D in rats fed with a high-fat diet. Chem Biol Interact 2018; 288:65-75. [PMID: 29653100 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2018.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Revised: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is associated with hyperlipidemia, obesity and type II diabetes. Due to increasing prevalence of these diseases globally, NAFLD is considered as a common form of chronic liver diseases. Vitamin D is a fat soluble vitamin with reported anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant and immune modulating activity. Hypovitaminosis D often coexists with NAFLD and various studies reported beneficial role of vitamin D in modulating NAFLD. However, variable oral bioavailability, poor water solubility, and chemical degradation hinder the clinical application of vitamin D. PURPOSE We evaluated the potential protective effect of Vitamin D nanoemulsion (developed by sonication and pH-Shifting of pea protein isolate and canola oil) compared to conventional vitamin D against liver injury in rats fed with high fat diet (HFD). METHODS We analyzed liver function enzymes, lipid profile, lipid metabolism, levels and histopathology of inflammation and fibrosis in rat liver tissues. RESULTS HFD fed rats exhibited deterioration of liver function, poor lipid profile, decreased fatty acid oxidation and up-regulation of inflammatory cytokines and extracellular matrix deposition. Vitamin D administration reduced elevated liver enzymes, improved lipid profile, enhanced fatty acid oxidation and attenuated liver inflammation and fibrosis. Interestingly, vitamin D nanoemulsion was superior to conventional vitamin D with remarkable hepatoprotective effect against HFD-induced liver injury. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated vitamin D nanoemulsion as a more efficient formulation with more prominent hepatoprotective effect against HFD-induced liver injury compared to conventional oral vitamin D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed El-Sherbiny
- Anatomy Department, Mansoura Faculty of Medicine, Egypt; Almaarefa College of Medicine, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Eldosoky
- Medical Physiology Department, Mansoura Faculty of Medicine, Egypt
| | - Mohamed El-Shafey
- Anatomy Department, Mansoura Faculty of Medicine, Egypt; Fakeeh College for Medical Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gamal Othman
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Mansoura Faculty of Medicine, Egypt; Almaarefa College of Medicine, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hany A Elkattawy
- Medical Physiology Department, Zagazig Obesity Management and Research Unit, Zagazig Faculty of Medicine, Egypt; Almaarefa College of Medicine, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tamer Bedir
- Medical Microbiology and Immunology Department, Mansoura Faculty of Medicine, Egypt
| | - Nehal Mohsen Elsherbiny
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Egypt.
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Evaluation of antioxidant and anti-hypercholesterolemic potential of Vitis vinifera leaves. FOOD SCIENCE AND HUMAN WELLNESS 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fshw.2017.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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A.T. B, C.L. CH. Lipase inhibitory activity of Carica papaya, Chrysophyllum cainito, Corcorus olitorius, Cympogon citrates and Syzygium cumini extracts. FOOD RESEARCH 2017. [DOI: 10.26656/fr.2017.2(1).118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Chung TY, Lin NH, Li YC, Chen TY, Kuo PC, Chen WY, Tzen JTC. Detection of lithospermate B in rat plasma at the nanogram level by LC/MS in multi reaction monitoring mode. J Food Drug Anal 2017; 26:353-361. [PMID: 29389574 PMCID: PMC9332659 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfda.2017.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Revised: 01/08/2017] [Accepted: 06/13/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Low bioavailability and high binding affinity to plasma proteins led to the difficulty for the quantitative detection of lithospermate B (LSB) in plasma. This study aimed to develop a protocol for detecting LSB in plasma. A method was employed to quantitatively detect LSB of 5–500 ng/mL by LC/MS spectrometry in multi reaction monitoring mode via monitoring two major fragments with m/z values of 519 and 321 in the MS2 spectrum. To set up an adequate extraction solution to release LSB captured by plasma proteins, recovery yields of LSB extracted from rat plasma acidified by formic acid or HCl in the presence or absence of EDTA and caffeic acid were detected and compared using the above quantitative method. High recovery yield (~90%) was achieved when LSB (5–500 ng/mL) mixed in rat plasma was acidified by HCl (5 M) in the presence of EDTA (0.5 M) and caffeic acid (400 μg/mL). The lower limit of detection and the lower limit of quantification for LSB in the spiked plasma were calculated to be 1.8 and 5.4 ng/mL, respectively. Good accuracy (within ±10%) and precision (less than 10%) of intra- and inter-day quality controlled samples were observed. Oral bioavailability of LSB in rat model was detected via this optimized extraction method, and the maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) was found to be 1034.3 ± 510.5 μg/L at tmax around 10 min, and the area under the plasma concentration–time curve (AUC) was 1414.1 ± 851.2 μg·h/L.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tse-Yu Chung
- Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Nan-Hei Lin
- Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yue-Chiun Li
- Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Tzu-Yin Chen
- Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ping-Chung Kuo
- School of Pharmacy, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Wen-Ying Chen
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Jason T C Tzen
- Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC.
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