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Fukuyama Y, Kubo M, Harada K. Neurotrophic Natural Products. PROGRESS IN THE CHEMISTRY OF ORGANIC NATURAL PRODUCTS 2024; 123:1-473. [PMID: 38340248 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-42422-9_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Neurotrophins (NGF, BDNF, NT3, NT4) can decrease cell death, induce differentiation, as well as sustain the structure and function of neurons, which make them promising therapeutic agents for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders. However, neurotrophins have not been very effective in clinical trials mostly because they cannot pass through the blood-brain barrier owing to being high-molecular-weight proteins. Thus, neurotrophin-mimic small molecules, which stimulate the synthesis of endogenous neurotrophins or enhance neurotrophic actions, may serve as promising alternatives to neurotrophins. Small-molecular-weight natural products, which have been used in dietary functional foods or in traditional medicines over the course of human history, have a great potential for the development of new therapeutic agents against neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease. In this contribution, a variety of natural products possessing neurotrophic properties such as neurogenesis, neurite outgrowth promotion (neuritogenesis), and neuroprotection are described, and a focus is made on the chemistry and biology of several neurotrophic natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiyasu Fukuyama
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, Tokushima, 770-8514, Japan.
| | - Miwa Kubo
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, Tokushima, 770-8514, Japan
| | - Kenichi Harada
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, Tokushima, 770-8514, Japan
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Shawky HA, Essawy MM. Myricitrin: A promising herbal therapy for periodontitis in immunosuppressed status. Saudi Dent J 2023; 35:515-524. [PMID: 37520591 PMCID: PMC10373093 DOI: 10.1016/j.sdentj.2023.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Periodontitis is a complex chronic inflammatory disease aggravated in immunosuppressed patients. However, adjuvant therapies can alleviate severe inflammation and slow down disease progression. Objective To evaluate the efficacy of myricitrin, a herbal flavonoid glycoside, in reducing immunosuppression-associated periodontitis and compare its effects with that of alendronate on alveolar bone regeneration. Methods Fifty albino Wistar rats were randomly allocated to the control, periodontitis, immunosuppressant, myricitrin, and alendronate groups. Ligature-associated periodontitis was induced in all groups, except the control group. Cyclosporin A (CsA) was administered subcutaneously in the immunosuppressant group for immunosuppression. The myricitrin group received CsA and myricitrin, whereas the alendronate group received CsA and alendronate. The therapeutic efficacies of myricitrin and alendronate were compared histologically, morphometrically, and biochemically. Results Myricitrin reversed bone destruction in the periodontitis and immunosuppressant groups. Morphometrically, myricitrin showed comparable improvements to alendronate in terms of gaining more bone area to 49.4 ± 4.6 and 59.5 ± 2%, respectively (P < 0.001 in relation to the untreated periodontitis group). Concomitantly, myricitrin increased osteoblast count significantly to 28.4 ± 4.7 closer to the 34.5 ± 2.4 count in the alendronate group (P < 0.001 compared with 22.5 ± 2.6 count of the immunosuppressant group). Moreover, myricitrin restored the serum calcium to 9.4 ± 0.6 mg/dL and alkaline phosphatase up to 112.9 ± 2.9 IU/L, which were almost normal levels similar to the control cohort (P > 0.05). Conclusion Myricitrin showed beneficial effects in counteracting bone resorption in subjects with immunosuppression-associated periodontitis. Its efficacy in slowing down disease progression was comparable to that of alendronate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba A. Shawky
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, Periodontics Division, College of Dentistry, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Marwa M. Essawy
- Oral Pathology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
- Center of Excellence for Research in Regenerative Medicine and Applications (CERRMA), Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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Effect of Natural Adenylcyclase/cAMP/CREB Signalling Activator Forskolin against Intra-Striatal 6-OHDA-Lesioned Parkinson's Rats: Preventing Mitochondrial, Motor and Histopathological Defects. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27227951. [PMID: 36432051 PMCID: PMC9695774 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27227951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterised by dopaminergic neuronal loss in the brain area. PD is a complex disease that deteriorates patients' motor and non-motor functions. In experimental animals, the neurotoxin 6-OHDA induces neuropathological, behavioural, neurochemical and mitochondrial abnormalities and the formation of free radicals, which is related to Parkinson-like symptoms after inter-striatal 6-OHDA injection. Pathological manifestations of PD disrupt the cAMP/ATP-mediated activity of the transcription factor CREB, resulting in Parkinson's-like symptoms. Forskolin (FSK) is a direct AC/cAMP/CREB activator isolated from Coleus forskohlii with various neuroprotective properties. FSK has already been proven in our laboratory to directly activate the enzyme adenylcyclase (AC) and reverse the neurodegeneration associated with the progression of Autism, Multiple Sclerosis, ALS, and Huntington's disease. Several behavioural paradigms were used to confirm the post-lesion effects, including the rotarod, open field, grip strength, narrow beam walk (NBW) and Morris water maze (MWM) tasks. Our results were supported by examining brain cellular, molecular, mitochondrial and histopathological alterations. The FSK treatment (15, 30 and 45 mg/kg, orally) was found to be effective in restoring behavioural and neurochemical defects in a 6-OHDA-induced experimental rat model of PD. As a result, the current study successfully contributes to the investigation of FSK's neuroprotective role in PD prevention via the activation of the AC/cAMP/PKA-driven CREB pathway and the restoration of mitochondrial ETC-complex enzymes.
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Yang Y, Ding Y, Gao H, Jiang X, Zhao Q. TCQA, A Natural Caffeoylquinic Acid Derivative Attenuates H2O2-Induced Neuronal Apoptosis by Suppressing Phosphorylation of MAPKs Signaling Pathway. PLANTA MEDICA 2022; 88:1132-1140. [PMID: 34861701 DOI: 10.1055/a-1683-6361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
1,3,5-Tri-O-caffeoyl quinic acid is a caffeoylquinic acid derivative isolated from the roots of Arctium lappa L. Our previous studies have revealed that the ethyl acetate extract of the roots of A. lappa L. and the caffeoylquinic acids contained in it possess antioxidant properties, especially 1,3,5-tri-O-caffeoyl quinic acid. The present study aimed to investigate the protective effects of 1,3,5-tri-O-caffeoyl quinic acid against hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress and explore the underlying mechanism. We found that 1,3,5-tri-O-caffeoyl quinic acid prevented the decline of cell viability and excessive release of lactate dehydrogenase induced by hydrogen peroxide. In addition, Hoechst 33 342 staining and Annexin V-PI double staining showed that 1,3,5-tri-O-caffeoyl quinic acid inhibited hydrogen peroxide-induced neuronal cell apoptosis. 1,3,5-Tri-O-caffeoyl quinic acid reduced the excessive production of intracellular reactive oxygen species, decreased the malondialdehyde content, and improved the activity of superoxide dismutase. Furthermore, 1,3,5-tri-O-caffeoyl quinic acid restored the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential in SH-SY5Y cells induced by hydrogen peroxide. 1,3,5-Tri-O-caffeoyl quinic acid downregulated the overexpression of proapoptotic proteins, including Bax, cytochrome c, cleaved caspase-9, and cleaved caspase-3 as well as promoted the expression of the antiapoptotic protein Bcl-2. Moreover, the phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases induced by hydrogen peroxide was inhibited by 1,3,5-tri-O-caffeoyl quinic acid. Pretreatment with 1,3,5-tri-O-caffeoyl quinic acid also promoted the activation of phosphorylated Akt. Taken together, these findings suggest that 1,3,5-tri-O-caffeoyl quinic acid exerts protective effects against hydrogen peroxide-induced neuronal apoptosis. In addition, inhibition of the mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway and the activation of Akt are implicated in the antioxidant activity of 1,3,5-tri-O-caffeoyl quinic acid, giving new insight in searching for a compound with antioxidant activity for the treatment of oxidative stress-associated neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Yang
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yufang Ding
- Department of pharmacy, Taizhou Second People's Hospital, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huan Gao
- Department of Pharmacy, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Xiaowen Jiang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Qingchun Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
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Koklesova L, Liskova A, Samec M, Zhai K, AL-Ishaq RK, Bugos O, Šudomová M, Biringer K, Pec M, Adamkov M, Hassan STS, Saso L, Giordano FA, Büsselberg D, Kubatka P, Golubnitschaja O. Protective Effects of Flavonoids Against Mitochondriopathies and Associated Pathologies: Focus on the Predictive Approach and Personalized Prevention. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22168649. [PMID: 34445360 PMCID: PMC8395457 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 08/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Multi-factorial mitochondrial damage exhibits a “vicious circle” that leads to a progression of mitochondrial dysfunction and multi-organ adverse effects. Mitochondrial impairments (mitochondriopathies) are associated with severe pathologies including but not restricted to cancers, cardiovascular diseases, and neurodegeneration. However, the type and level of cascading pathologies are highly individual. Consequently, patient stratification, risk assessment, and mitigating measures are instrumental for cost-effective individualized protection. Therefore, the paradigm shift from reactive to predictive, preventive, and personalized medicine (3PM) is unavoidable in advanced healthcare. Flavonoids demonstrate evident antioxidant and scavenging activity are of great therapeutic utility against mitochondrial damage and cascading pathologies. In the context of 3PM, this review focuses on preclinical and clinical research data evaluating the efficacy of flavonoids as a potent protector against mitochondriopathies and associated pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lenka Koklesova
- Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia; (L.K.); (A.L.); (M.S.); (K.B.)
| | - Alena Liskova
- Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia; (L.K.); (A.L.); (M.S.); (K.B.)
| | - Marek Samec
- Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia; (L.K.); (A.L.); (M.S.); (K.B.)
| | - Kevin Zhai
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine in Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha 24144, Qatar; (K.Z.); (R.K.A.-I.)
| | - Raghad Khalid AL-Ishaq
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine in Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha 24144, Qatar; (K.Z.); (R.K.A.-I.)
| | | | - Miroslava Šudomová
- Museum of Literature in Moravia, Klášter 1, 664 61 Rajhrad, Czech Republic;
| | - Kamil Biringer
- Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia; (L.K.); (A.L.); (M.S.); (K.B.)
| | - Martin Pec
- Department of Medical Biology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia;
| | - Marian Adamkov
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia;
| | - Sherif T. S. Hassan
- Department of Applied Ecology, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Prague, Czech Republic;
| | - Luciano Saso
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “Vittorio Erspamer”, Faculty of Pharmacy and Medicine, Sapienza University, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Frank A. Giordano
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Bonn, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany;
| | - Dietrich Büsselberg
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine in Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha 24144, Qatar; (K.Z.); (R.K.A.-I.)
- Correspondence: (D.B.); (P.K.); (O.G.)
| | - Peter Kubatka
- Department of Medical Biology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia;
- European Association for Predictive, Preventive and Personalised Medicine, EPMA, 1150 Brussels, Belgium
- Correspondence: (D.B.); (P.K.); (O.G.)
| | - Olga Golubnitschaja
- European Association for Predictive, Preventive and Personalised Medicine, EPMA, 1150 Brussels, Belgium
- Predictive, Preventive, Personalised (3P) Medicine, Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Bonn, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
- Correspondence: (D.B.); (P.K.); (O.G.)
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Yang Y, Gao H, Liu W, Liu X, Jiang X, Li X, Wu Q, Xu Z, Zhao Q. Arctium lappa L. roots ameliorates cerebral ischemia through inhibiting neuronal apoptosis and suppressing AMPK/mTOR-mediated autophagy. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 85:153526. [PMID: 33691269 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Arctium lappa L. roots are very popular cultivated vegetables, which possesses various pharmacological activities. Our previous studies have demonstrated that Arctium lappa L. roots exerted protective effects against H2O2, glutamate and N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA)-induced neuronal injury in vitro. However, whether Arctium lappa L. roots could prevent against cerebral ischemia and the underlying mechanism remain unclear. PURPOSE The objective of the present study was to investigate the neuroprotective effects of ethyl acetate extract of Arctium lappa L. roots (EAL) and the active ingredient 4,5-O-dicaffeoyl-1-O-[4-malic acid methyl ester]-quinic acid (DCMQA) in EAL against cerebral ischemia and explore the underlying mechanism. STUDY DESIGN The neuroprotective effects of EAL and DCMQA were investigated in rats with permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) and in oxygen glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R)-stimulated SH-SY5Y cells, respectively. METHODS The infarct volume, brain edema and neurological deficits were measured following MCAO. TUNEL and Nissl staining were performed to detect neuronal loss and apoptosis of neurons in rat brains. Cell survival was measured by MTT and LDH assay. In addition, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) levels were determined by DCFH-DA and JC-1 fluorescent probe, respectively. Hoechst 33342 staining and Annexin V-FITC/PI double staining were performed to evaluate neuronal apoptosis. The expression levels of proteins were evaluated by western blot. RESULTS EAL reduced brain infarct volume, ameliorated brain edema and improved neurological deficits in MCAO rats. In addition, EAL inhibited oxidative stress and inflammatory responses following MCAO. Besides, active compound DCMQA alleviated cytotoxicity as well as inhibited over-production of intracellular ROS and loss of MMP induced by OGD/R in SH-SY5Y cells. Moreover, EAL and DCMQA inhibited apoptosis by decreasing the expressions of pro-apoptotic proteins including bax, cytochrome c and cleaved caspase-3 while promoting the bcl-2 expression in MCAO rats and OGD/R-stimulated neurons, respectively. In addition, DCMQA suppressed the production of autophagosomes and down-regulated expression of Beclin 1 and LC3. Furthermore, inhibiting AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway contributed to DCMQA-mediated suppression of autophagy induced by OGD/R. CONCLUSION Our findings demonstrate that Arctium lappa L. roots protect against cerebral ischemia through inhibiting apoptosis and AMPK/mTOR-mediated autophagy in vitro and in vivo, providing a theoretical basis for the development of CQAs in Arctium lappa L. roots as neuroprotective drugs for the prevention and treatment of ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, 83 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China
| | - Huan Gao
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China
| | - Wenwu Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, 83 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China; School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, 83 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China; School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China
| | - Xiaowen Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, 83 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China; School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Pharmacy, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, 83 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China; School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China
| | - Qiong Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, 83 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China; School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China
| | - Zihua Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, 83 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China; School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China
| | - Qingchun Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, 83 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China; School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China.
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Phytochemicals with Added Value from Morella and Myrica Species. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25246052. [PMID: 33371425 PMCID: PMC7767459 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25246052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Terrestrial plants, due to their sessile nature, are highly exposed to environmental pressure and therefore need to produce very effective molecules that enable them to survive all the threats. Myrica and Morella (Myricaceae) are taxonomically close genera, which include species of trees or shrubs with edible fruits that exhibit relevant uses in traditional medicine. For instance, in Chinese or Japanese folk medicine, they are used to treat diarrhea, digestive problems, headache, burns, and skin diseases. A wide array of compounds isolated from different parts of Myrica and/or Morella species possess several biological activities, like anticancer, antidiabetic, anti-obesity, and cardio-/neuro-/hepatoprotective activities, both in vitro and in vivo, with myricanol, myricitrin, quercitrin, and betulin being the most promising. There are still many other compounds isolated from both genera whose biological activities have not been evaluated, which represents an excellent opportunity to discover new applications for those compounds and valorize Morella/Myrica species.
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Yang Y, Gao H, Liu W, Jiang X, Shen Z, Li X, Ren T, Xu Z, Cheng G, Zhao Q. DCMQA, a caffeoylquinic acid derivative alleviates NMDA-induced neurotoxicity via modulating GluN2A and GluN2B-containing NMDA receptors in vitro. Toxicol In Vitro 2020; 67:104888. [PMID: 32416136 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2020.104888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Compound DCMQA (4, 5-O-dicaffeoyl-1-O-[4-malic acid methyl ester]-quinic acid) is a natural caffeoylquinic acid derivative isolated from Arctium lappa L. roots. Caffeoylquinic acid derivatives have been reported to possess neuroprotective effects through inhibiting oxidative stress and apoptosis in vitro. However, whether DCMQA exerts protective effects on N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)-induced neurotoxicity and the underlying mechanism has not been elucidated. In this study, the results indicated that pretreatment of DCMQA prevented the loss of cell viability and attenuated the LDH leakage in SH-SY5Y cells exposed to NMDA. Hoechst 33342 staining and Annexin V-PI double staining illustrated that DCMQA suppressed NMDA-induced morphological damage and neuronal apoptosis. Moreover, DCMQA inhibited NMDA-mediated Ca2+ influx, excessive intracellular ROS generation and loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). Western blot analysis showed that DCMQA attenuated the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, release of cytochrome c as well as expression of caspase-9 and caspase-3. Besides, DCMQA down-regulated GluN2B-containing NMDA receptors (NMDARs) and up-regulated GluN2A-containing NMDARs, promoted the disruption of nNOS and PSD95 as well as activation of CaMK II-α. Furthermore, computational docking study indicated that DCMQA possessed a good affinity for NMDARs. These results indicated that DCMQA protects SH-SY5Y cells against NMDA-induced neuronal damage. In addition, the underlying mechanisms of DCMQA-mediated neuroprotection are associated with modulating NMDARs and disruption of nNOS-PSD95 as well as the activation of CaMK II-α.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Yang
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, People's Republic of China; Department of Pharmacy, General Hospital of Northern Military Area, 83 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Huan Gao
- Department of Pharmacy, General Hospital of Northern Military Area, 83 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenwu Liu
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, People's Republic of China; Department of Pharmacy, General Hospital of Northern Military Area, 83 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaowen Jiang
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, People's Republic of China; Department of Pharmacy, General Hospital of Northern Military Area, 83 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Zexu Shen
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, People's Republic of China; Department of Pharmacy, General Hospital of Northern Military Area, 83 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Li
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, People's Republic of China; Department of Pharmacy, General Hospital of Northern Military Area, 83 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianshu Ren
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, People's Republic of China; Department of Pharmacy, General Hospital of Northern Military Area, 83 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Zihua Xu
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, People's Republic of China; Department of Pharmacy, General Hospital of Northern Military Area, 83 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Cheng
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingchun Zhao
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, People's Republic of China; Department of Pharmacy, General Hospital of Northern Military Area, 83 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, People's Republic of China.
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Keikhaei F, Mirshekar MA, Shahraki MR, Dashipour A. Antiepileptogenic effect of myricitrin on spatial memory and learning in a kainate-induced model of temporal lobe epilepsy. LEARNING AND MOTIVATION 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lmot.2019.101610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Yang YL, Liu M, Cheng X, Li WH, Zhang SS, Wang YH, Du GH. Myricitrin blocks activation of NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways to protect nigrostriatum neuron in LPS-stimulated mice. J Neuroimmunol 2019; 337:577049. [PMID: 31526918 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2019.577049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2019] [Revised: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Myricitrin, a bioactive and natural flavonoids, is well known for its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. However, the anti-neuroinflammation and possible mechanism has not been fully elucidated. Therefore, the present study was to investigate the possible mechanism of its neuroprotection and anti-neuroinflammation in the nigrostriatum of LPS-stimulated mice. The results showed that myricitrin improved neuron injury and raised the expressions of PSD-95 protein and TH protein in the nigrostriatum of LPS-stimulated mice. In addition, myricitrin decreased the production of pro-inflammatory factors including IL-1β, IL-6 and TNFα, decreased the level of chemokine MCP-1, and suppressed the expressions of COX-2 and iNOS. Meanwhile, myricitrin suppressed HMGB1, TLR4, and MyD88 expression in the nigrostriatum of LPS-stimulated mice. Furthermore, myricitrin inhibited NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways activated by LPS. In conclusion, our studies suggest that myricitrin blocks activation of protects NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways to nigrostiatum neuron from injury in LPS-stimulated mice and is beneficial to treatment nigrostriatum inflammation of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Lin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target Identification and New Drug Screening, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Man Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target Identification and New Drug Screening, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Xiao Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target Identification and New Drug Screening, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Wei-Han Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target Identification and New Drug Screening, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Shan-Shan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target Identification and New Drug Screening, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yue-Hua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target Identification and New Drug Screening, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China.
| | - Guan-Hua Du
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target Identification and New Drug Screening, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China.
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11
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Man N, Wang Q, Li H, Adu-Frimpong M, Sun C, Zhang K, Yang Q, Wei Q, Ji H, Toreniyazov E, Yu J, Xu X. Improved oral bioavailability of myricitrin by liquid self-microemulsifying drug delivery systems. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2019.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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12
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Wang W, Yao GD, Shang XY, Zhang YY, Song XY, Hayashi T, Zhang Y, Song SJ. Eclalbasaponin I causes mitophagy to repress oxidative stress-induced apoptosis via activation of p38 and ERK in SH-SY5Y cells. Free Radic Res 2019; 53:655-668. [DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2019.1620937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Computational Chemistry-Based Natural Antitumor Drug Research & Development, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Guo-Dong Yao
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Computational Chemistry-Based Natural Antitumor Drug Research & Development, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xin-Yue Shang
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Computational Chemistry-Based Natural Antitumor Drug Research & Development, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ying-Ying Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Computational Chemistry-Based Natural Antitumor Drug Research & Development, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiao-Yu Song
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Computational Chemistry-Based Natural Antitumor Drug Research & Development, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Toshihiko Hayashi
- Key Laboratory of Computational Chemistry-Based Natural Antitumor Drug Research & Development, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
- China-Japan Research Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, School of Advanced Engineering, Kogakuin University, Hachioji, Japan
| | - Yan Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Computational Chemistry-Based Natural Antitumor Drug Research & Development, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Shao-Jiang Song
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Computational Chemistry-Based Natural Antitumor Drug Research & Development, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
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13
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Jung UJ, Kim SR. Beneficial Effects of Flavonoids Against Parkinson's Disease. J Med Food 2018; 21:421-432. [DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2017.4078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Un Ju Jung
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pukyong National University, Busan, Korea
| | - Sang Ryong Kim
- School of Life Sciences, BK21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Institute of Life Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
- Brain Science and Engineering Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
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Kraujalienė V, Pukalskas A, Venskutonis P. Biorefining of goldenrod (Solidago virgaurea L.) leaves by supercritical fluid and pressurized liquid extraction and evaluation of antioxidant properties and main phytochemicals in the fractions and plant material. J Funct Foods 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2017.07.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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15
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Pyun BJ, Kim YS, Lee IS, Kim JS. Homonoia riparia and its major component, myricitrin, inhibit high glucose-induced apoptosis of human retinal pericytes. Integr Med Res 2017; 6:300-309. [PMID: 28951844 PMCID: PMC5605388 DOI: 10.1016/j.imr.2017.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2017] [Revised: 07/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The loss of retinal pericytes is one of the earliest changes associated with diabetic retinopathy (DR). Chronic hyperglycemia induces apoptosis of these cells, leading to the onset and progression of DR. In this study, we investigated the effects of Homonoia riparia (H. riparia) and its major component, myricitrin, on high glucose (HG)-induced apoptosis of primary human retinal pericytes (HRPs). Methods The effects of an ethanol extract of H. riparia leaves and of myricitrin on HRP viability and apoptosis were investigated by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and flow cytometry. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were measured using 2′,7′-dichlorofluorescein diacetate. The activity of specificity protein 1 (Sp1), a transcription factor, was measured using a luciferase reporter assay and western blot analyses were performed to measure the expression of proteins involved in signaling and apoptosis. Results HG produced cytotoxic effects on HRPs, which showed increased Sp1 expression and ROS levels. H. riparia extract and myricitrin significantly inhibited HG-induced apoptosis and ROS generation, and also inhibited Sp1 activity. This was evidenced by an attenuation of the HG-mediated increase in extracellular signal-regulated kinase phosphorylation. Conclusion These data indicate that HG-mediated induction of Sp1 is one of a number of key signaling pathways involved in HRP apoptosis, and that H. riparia extracts or myricitrin may provide useful approaches to preventing and treating DR.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jin Sook Kim
- Corresponding author. Korean Medicine (KM) Convergence Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM), 1672 Yuseong-daero, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-811, Korea.
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Zhang J, Yamada S, Ogihara E, Kurita M, Banno N, Qu W, Feng F, Akihisa T. Biological Activities of Triterpenoids and Phenolic Compounds from Myrica cerifera Bark. Chem Biodivers 2016; 13:1601-1609. [PMID: 27492128 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201600247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2016] [Accepted: 08/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Seven triterpenoids, 1 - 7, two diarylheptanoids, 8 and 9, four phenolic compounds, 10 - 13, and three other compounds, 14 - 16, were isolated from the hexane and MeOH extracts of the bark of Myrica cerifera L. (Myricaceae). Among these compounds, betulin (1), ursolic acid (3), and myricanol (8) exhibited cytotoxic activities against HL60 (leukemia), A549 (lung), and SK-BR-3 (breast) human cancer cell lines (IC50 3.1 - 24.2 μm). Compound 8 induced apoptotic cell death in HL60 cells (IC50 5.3 μm) upon evaluation of the apoptosis-inducing activity by flow cytometric analysis and by Hoechst 33342 staining method. Western blot analysis on HL60 cells revealed that 8 activated caspases-3, -8, and -9 suggesting that 8 induced apoptosis via both mitochondrial and death receptor pathways in HL60. Upon evaluation of the melanogenesis-inhibitory activity in B16 melanoma cells induced with α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH), erythrodiol (7), 4-hydroxy-2-methoxyphenyl β-d-glucopyranoside (13), and butyl quinate (15) exhibited inhibitory effects (65.4 - 86.0% melanin content) with no, or almost no, toxicity to the cells (85.9 - 107.4% cell viability) at 100 μm concentration. In addition, 8, myricanone (9), myricitrin (10), protocatechuic acid (11), and gallic acid (12) revealed potent DPPH radical-scavenging activities (IC50 6.9 - 20.5 μm).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhang
- Department of Natural Medicine Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, 210009, P. R. China
| | - Satoshi Yamada
- College of Science and Technology, Nihon University, 1-8-14 Kanda Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-8308, Japan
| | - Eri Ogihara
- College of Science and Technology, Nihon University, 1-8-14 Kanda Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-8308, Japan
| | - Masahiro Kurita
- College of Science and Technology, Nihon University, 1-8-14 Kanda Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-8308, Japan
| | - Norihiro Banno
- Ichimaru Pharcos Company Ltd., 318-1 Asagi, Motosu-shi, Gifu, 501-0475, Japan
| | - Wei Qu
- Department of Natural Medicine Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, 210009, P. R. China
| | - Feng Feng
- Department of Natural Medicine Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, 210009, P. R. China
| | - Toshihiro Akihisa
- Akihisa Medical Clinic, 1086-3 Kamo, Sanda-shi, Hyogo, 669-1311, Japan
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Cordycepin protects PC12 cells against 6-hydroxydopamine induced neurotoxicity via its antioxidant properties. Biomed Pharmacother 2016; 81:7-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2015] [Revised: 03/09/2016] [Accepted: 03/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
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18
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Jiang XW, Bai JP, Zhang Q, Hu XL, Tian X, Zhu J, Liu J, Meng WH, Zhao QC. Caffeoylquinic Acid Derivatives Protect SH-SY5Y Neuroblastoma Cells from Hydrogen Peroxide-Induced Injury Through Modulating Oxidative Status. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2016; 37:499-509. [PMID: 27255971 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-016-0387-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2016] [Accepted: 05/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress has been confirmed as a contribution to the pathogenesis and pathophysiology of many neurological disorders such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. Caffeoylquinic acids (CQAs) are considered to have anti-oxidative stress ability in a previous study, but the structure-activity relationships (SARs) of CQAs in neuroprotective effects are still unclear. In the present study, we primarily expound the SARs of CQAs in counteracting H2O2-induced injury in SH-SY5Y cells. We found that CQAs (1-10) represented the protection of SH-SY5Y cells against H2O2-induced injury in varying degrees and malonyl groups could obviously increase the anti-oxidative stress ability of CQAs. Intensive studies of 4,5-O-dicaffeoyl-1-O-(malic acid methyl ester)-quinic acid (MDCQA) indicated that the mechanisms could potentially involve activation of endogenous antioxidant enzymes and the regulation of the phosphorylation of MAPKs and AKT. In conclusion, MDCQA could serve as a neuroprotective agent with a potential to attenuate oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Wen Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy, General Hospital of Shenyang Military Area Command, Shenyang, 110840, China
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Jun-Peng Bai
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Qiao Zhang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Xiao-Long Hu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Xing Tian
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Jun Zhu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Wei-Hong Meng
- Department of Pharmacy, General Hospital of Shenyang Military Area Command, Shenyang, 110840, China
| | - Qing-Chun Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, General Hospital of Shenyang Military Area Command, Shenyang, 110840, China.
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Silva BJC, Seca AML, Barreto MDC, Pinto DCGA. Recent Breakthroughs in the Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Morella and Myrica Species. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:17160-80. [PMID: 26225964 PMCID: PMC4581187 DOI: 10.3390/ijms160817160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2015] [Revised: 07/13/2015] [Accepted: 07/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is one of the risk factors for the development of several chronic diseases, such as diabetes, cancer, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. Antioxidants are therefore highly sought and can be seen as a type of preventive medicine against several diseases. Myrica and Morella genus (Myricaceae) are taxonomically very close and their species are trees or shrubs with edible fruits that exhibit relevant uses in traditional medicine, for instance in Chinese or Japanese folk medicine they are used to treat diarrhea, digestive problems, headache, burns and skin diseases. Nearly 36 compounds were isolated from different morphological parts of Myrica and/or Morella species and their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities evaluated. Thirteen of these compounds exhibit greater effects than the positive controls used. Adenodimerin A was the most active compound reported (in a 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay EC50= 7.9 ± 0.3 µM). These results are just one aspect of the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory evaluations reported regarding Myrica and Morella species, so a comprehensive overview on the current status, highlighting the antioxidant health promoting effect of these species, their key antioxidant compounds as well as the compounds with protective effects against oxidative stress related diseases such as inflammation, is relevant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno J C Silva
- Department of Technological Science and Development, University of Azores, Ponta Delgada 9501-801, Portugal.
| | - Ana M L Seca
- Department of Technological Science and Development, University of Azores, Ponta Delgada 9501-801, Portugal.
- Department of Chemistry & Química Orgânica Produtos Naturais and Agroalimentares, University of Aveiro, Aveiro 3810-193, Portugal.
| | - Maria do Carmo Barreto
- Department of Technological Science and Development, University of Azores, Ponta Delgada 9501-801, Portugal.
- Centro Investigação Recursos Naturais, University of Azores, Ponta Delgada 9501-801, Portugal.
| | - Diana C G A Pinto
- Department of Chemistry & Química Orgânica Produtos Naturais and Agroalimentares, University of Aveiro, Aveiro 3810-193, Portugal.
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Wang LC, Zhang WS, Liu Q, Li J, Alolga RN, Liu K, Liu BL, Li P, Qi LW. A standardized notoginseng extract exerts cardioprotection by attenuating apoptosis under endoplasmic reticulum stress conditions. J Funct Foods 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2015.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
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21
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Red bayberry extract prevents high-fat diet-induced metabolic disorders in C57BL/6 mice. J Funct Foods 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2015.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Cai Z, Zeng W, Tao K, Lu F, Gao G, Yang Q. Myricitrin alleviates MPP+-induced mitochondrial dysfunction in a DJ-1-dependent manner in SN4741 cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2015; 458:227-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.01.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2014] [Accepted: 01/15/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Echinacoside Protects against 6-Hydroxydopamine-Induced Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Inflammatory Responses in PC12 Cells via Reducing ROS Production. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2015; 2015:189239. [PMID: 25788961 PMCID: PMC4348598 DOI: 10.1155/2015/189239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2014] [Revised: 01/11/2015] [Accepted: 01/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive loss of dopaminergic (DA) neurons at the substantia nigra. Mitochondrial dysfunction and inflammatory responses are involved in the mechanism of cell damage in PD. 6-Hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA), a dopamine analog, specifically damages dopaminergic neurons. Echinacoside (ECH) is a phenylethanoid glycoside isolated from the stems of Cistanche salsa, showing a variety of neuroprotective effects in previous studies. The present study was to investigate its effect against 6-OHDA-induced neurotoxicity and possible mechanisms in PC12 cells. The results showed that 6-OHDA reduced cell viability, decreased oxidation-reduction activity, decreased mitochondrial membrane potential, and induced mitochondria-mediated apoptosis compared with untreated PC12 cells. However, echinacoside treatment significantly attenuated these changes induced by 6-OHDA. In addition, echinacoside also could significantly alleviate the inflammatory responses induced by 6-OHDA. Further research showed that echinacoside could reduce 6-OHDA-induced ROS production in PC12 cells. These results suggest that the underlying mechanism of echinacoside against 6-OHDA-induced neurotoxicity may be involve in attenuating mitochondrial dysfunction and inflammatory responses by reducing ROS production.
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Huang Q, Gao B, Wang L, Hu YQ, Lu WG, Yang L, Luo ZJ, Liu J. Protective effects of myricitrin against osteoporosis via reducing reactive oxygen species and bone-resorbing cytokines. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2014; 280:550-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2014.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2014] [Revised: 07/26/2014] [Accepted: 08/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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25
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Wang YH, Han YP, Yu HT, Pu XP, Du GH. Protocatechualdehyde prevents methylglyoxal-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and AGEs-RAGE axis activation in Human lens epithelial cells. Eur J Pharmacol 2014; 738:374-83. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2014.04.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2013] [Revised: 04/23/2014] [Accepted: 04/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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26
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Yang EJ, Song KS. Andrographolide, a major component of Andrographis paniculata leaves, has the neuroprotective effects on glutamate-induced HT22 cell death. J Funct Foods 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2014.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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27
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Wang YH, Yu HT, Pu XP, Du GH. Myricitrin alleviates methylglyoxal-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and AGEs/RAGE/NF-κB pathway activation in SH-SY5Y cells. J Mol Neurosci 2014; 53:562-70. [PMID: 24510749 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-013-0222-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2013] [Accepted: 12/25/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) have been identified in age-related intracellular protein deposits of neurodegenerative diseases. Methylglyoxal (MGO), a dicarbonyl metabolite, is a major precursor of AGEs which have been linked to the development of neurodegenerative diseases. Myricitrin, a flavanoid isolated from the root bark of Myrica cerifera, attenuated 6-OHDA-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and had a potential anti-Parkinson's disease in our previous investigation. The aims of this study were to investigate the protective effects of myricitrin against MGO-induced injury in SH-SY5Y cells and also to look for the possible mechanisms. The results showed that exposure of SH-SY5Y cells to MGO caused decreases of cell viability, intracellular ATP, mitochondrial redox activity, and mitochondrial membrane potential and an increase in reactive oxygen species generation. However, these mitochondrial dysfunctions were alleviated by co-treatment with myricitrin. Additionally, myricitrin was capable of inhibiting AGEs formation, blocking RAGE expression, and inhibiting NF-κB activation and translocation triggered by MGO in SH-SY5Y cells. Our results suggest that myricitrin alleviates MGO-induced mitochondrial dysfunction, and the possible mechanism is through modulating the AGEs/RAGE/NF-κB pathway. In summary, myricitrin might offer a promising therapeutic strategy to reduce the neurotoxicity of reactive dicarbonyl compounds, providing a potential benefit agent with age-related neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue-Hua Wang
- National Key Research Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing, China
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Wang YH, Yu HT, Pu XP, Du GH. Baicalein prevents 6-hydroxydopamine-induced mitochondrial dysfunction in SH-SY5Y cells via inhibition of mitochondrial oxidation and up-regulation of DJ-1 protein expression. Molecules 2013; 18:14726-38. [PMID: 24288000 PMCID: PMC6270380 DOI: 10.3390/molecules181214726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2013] [Revised: 11/18/2013] [Accepted: 11/19/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive loss of dopaminergic (DA) neurons at the substantia nigra. Mitochondrial dysfunction is involved in the mechanism of cell damage in Parkinson’s disease (PD). 6-Hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) is a dopamine analog which specifically damages dopaminergic neurons. Baicalein has been previously reported to have potential in the treatment of PD. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the mechanism of action of baicalein against 6-OHDA injury in SH-SY5Y cells. The results showed that baicalein significantly alleviated alterations of mitochondrial redox activity and mitochondrial membrane potential induced by 6-OHDA in a dose-dependent manner in SH-SY5Y cells compared with vehicle group. Futhermore, baicalein decreased the production of ROS and upregulated the DJ-1 protein expression in SH-SY5Y cells. In addition, baicalein also inhibited ROS production and lipid peroxidation (IC50 = 6.32 ± 0.03 μM) in rat brain mitochondia. In summary, the underlying mechanisms of baicalein against 6-OHDA-induced mitochondrial dysfunction may involve inhibition of mitochondrial oxidation and upregulation of DJ-1 protein expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue-Hua Wang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University; Beijing 100191, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target Identification, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mails: (Y.-H.W.); (X.-P.P.); (G.-H.D.); Tel.: +86-10-6316-5313 (Y.-H.W.); +86-10-8280-2431 (X.-P.P.); +86-10-6316-5184 (G.-H.D.)
| | - Hai-Tao Yu
- Jiangsu Kanon Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Lianyungang 222047, China
| | - Xiao-Ping Pu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University; Beijing 100191, China
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mails: (Y.-H.W.); (X.-P.P.); (G.-H.D.); Tel.: +86-10-6316-5313 (Y.-H.W.); +86-10-8280-2431 (X.-P.P.); +86-10-6316-5184 (G.-H.D.)
| | - Guan-Hua Du
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target Identification, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mails: (Y.-H.W.); (X.-P.P.); (G.-H.D.); Tel.: +86-10-6316-5313 (Y.-H.W.); +86-10-8280-2431 (X.-P.P.); +86-10-6316-5184 (G.-H.D.)
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Zhao X, Zhai S, An MS, Wang YH, Yang YF, Ge HQ, Liu JH, Pu XP. Neuroprotective effects of protocatechuic aldehyde against neurotoxin-induced cellular and animal models of Parkinson's disease. PLoS One 2013; 8:e78220. [PMID: 24205164 PMCID: PMC3799719 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0078220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2013] [Accepted: 09/10/2013] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Protocatechuic aldehyde (PAL) has been reported to bind to DJ-1, a key protein involved in Parkinson's disease (PD), and exerts potential neuroprotective effects via DJ-1 in SH-SY5Y cells. In this study, we investigated the neuroprotective pharmacological effects of PAL against neurotoxin-induced cell and animal models of PD. In cellular models of PD, PAL markedly increased cell viability rates, mitochondrial oxidation-reduction activity and mitochondrial membrane potential, and reduced intracellular ROS levels to prevent neurotoxicity in PC12 cells. In animal models of PD, PAL reduced the apomorphine injection, caused turning in 6-OHDA treated rats, and increased the motor coordination and stride decreases in MPTP treated mice. Meanwhile, in an MPTP mouse model, PAL prevented a decrease of the contents of dopamine (DA) and its metabolites in the striatum and TH-positive dopaminergic neuron loss in the substantia nigra (SN). In addition, PAL increased the protein expression of DJ-1 and reduced the level of α-synuclein in the SN of MPTP lesioned mice. PAL also increased the spine density in hippocampal CA1 neurons. The current study demonstrates that PAL can efficiently protect dopaminergic neurons against neurotoxin injury in vitro and in vivo, and that the potential mechanisms may be related to its effects in increasing DJ-1, decreasing α-synuclein and its growth-promoting effect on spine density.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhao
- National Key Research Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing, P. R. China
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Shenyu Zhai
- Department of Neurobiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Ming-Sheng An
- National Key Research Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing, P. R. China
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Yue-Hua Wang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, P. R. China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target Identification and Drug Screening, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Ying-Fan Yang
- National Key Research Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing, P. R. China
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Hui-Qi Ge
- National Key Research Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing, P. R. China
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Jin-Hao Liu
- National Key Research Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing, P. R. China
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Ping Pu
- National Key Research Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing, P. R. China
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, P. R. China
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30
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Myricitrin inhibits acrylamide-mediated cytotoxicity in human Caco-2 cells by preventing oxidative stress. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2013; 2013:724183. [PMID: 24224177 PMCID: PMC3809942 DOI: 10.1155/2013/724183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2013] [Accepted: 09/16/2013] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress was thought to be associated with acrylamide cytotoxicity, but the link between oxidative stress and acrylamide cytotoxicity in the gastrointestinal tract, the primary organ in contact with dietary acrylamide, is still unclear. This study was conducted to evaluate the antioxidant activity of natural dietary compound myricitrin and its protective role against acrylamide cytotoxicity. We found that myricitrin can effectively scavenge multiple free radicals (including DPPH free radical, hydroxyl radical, and ABTS free radical) in a concentration-dependent manner. Our results further indicated that the presence of myricitrin (2.5-10 μg/mL) was found to significantly inhibit acrylamide-induced cytotoxicity in human gastrointestinal Caco-2 cells. Moreover, acrylamide-induced cytotoxicity is closely related to oxidative stress in Caco-2 cells. Interestingly, myricitrin was able to suppress acrylamide toxicity by inhibiting ROS generation. Taken together, these results demonstrate that myricitrin had a profound antioxidant effect and can protect against acrylamide-mediated cytotoxicity.
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31
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Dietary polyphenols modulate intestinal barrier defects and inflammation in a murine model of colitis. J Funct Foods 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2013.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
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32
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Huangfu J, Liu J, Peng C, Suen YL, Wang M, Jiang Y, Chen ZY, Chen F. DHA-rich marine microalga Schizochytrium mangrovei possesses anti-ageing effects on Drosophila melanogaster. J Funct Foods 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2013.01.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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