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Dündar A, Yalçın P, Arslan N, Acay H, Hatipoğlu A, Boğa M, Karahan S, Yaprak B. Effect of Pleurotus ostreatus Water Extract Consumption on Blood Parameters and Cytokine Values in Healthy Volunteers. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN NUTRITION ASSOCIATION 2024:1-8. [PMID: 38935369 DOI: 10.1080/27697061.2024.2369781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Our aim in this study is, does 29-day regular consumption of Pleurotus ostreatus water extract by volunteer individuals who meet the study criteria have an effect on blood and cytokine values? METHOD In accordance with the purpose of the study, volunteers were asked to consume 100 ml of the extract every morning for 29 days. Three tubes of blood samples were taken from the volunteers on the 15th and 29th days of the study. Biochemical and hematological analysis of the blood samples were performed and immunomodulatory effects through cytokines were examined. The values obtained from 3 tubes of blood obtained from volunteers before the use of mushroom extract were used as control. The chemical composition and β-glucan content of 100 ml of mushroom water extract were also analyzed. RESULT IL-4, IL-6, IL-10 and IL-13 could not be detected because the values were below the lowest standard value. TNF-α, IFN-γ and IL-1β 15th and 29th day values decreased compared to the 1st day (control) values (p < 0.05). However, there was no significant difference observed between the 15th and 29th day. No abnormalities were observed in biochemical and hematological values. Also, the β-glucan content of extract was found 38.12 mg/100 ml. CONCLUSION The frequency range of kidney and liver function test results confirmed that P. osreatus is a reliable food source. Considering the cytokine values these results indicate that P. ostreatus water extract has an anti-inflammatory effect. As no significant difference was observed in 29 days of use, it is thought that 15 days of daily consumption of the extract may be sufficient for the anti-inflammatory effect to occur. However, a large number of qualified clinical trials are needed to support the issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdurrahman Dündar
- Department of Medical Services and Techniques, Vocational Higher School of Health Services, Mardin, Turkey
| | - Pınar Yalçın
- Department of Biology, Graduate Education Institute, Mardin Artuklu University, Mardin, Turkey
- Şehit İlhan Varank Secondary School, Mardin, Turkey
| | - Nurgül Arslan
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Dicle University, Diyarbakır, Turkey
| | - Hilal Acay
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Science, Mardin Artuklu University, Mardin, Turkey
| | - Abdulkerim Hatipoğlu
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Science, Mardin Artuklu University, Mardin, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Boğa
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Dicle University, Diyarbakır, Turkey
- Dicle University Health Sciences Application and Research Center (DÜSAM), Diyarbakır, Turkey
| | - Selim Karahan
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mardin Artuklu University, Mardin, Turkey
| | - Bülent Yaprak
- Department of Internal Medical Sciences, Turgut Özal Faculty of Medicine, Yesilyurt, Turkey
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Liu JJ, Chen SK, Wang X, He WW, Song XX, Huang XJ, Yin JY, Nie SP. Changes of the Physicochemical Properties and Structural Characteristics of Alkali-Extracted Polysaccharides from Agrocybe cylindracea Across the Growth Process. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:12810-12821. [PMID: 38778434 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c02218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Polysaccharides derived from Agrocybe cylindracea have been demonstrated to exhibit various bioactivities. However, studies on their structural characteristics during the growth process are limited. This study aimed to compare the physicochemical properties and structural characteristics of alkali-extracted polysaccharides from A. cylindracea fruiting bodies (JACP) across four growth stages. Results showed that the extraction yields and protein levels of JACP declined along with the growth of A. cylindracea, while the contents of neutral sugar and glucose increased significantly. However, JACP exhibited structural characteristics similar to those across the four stages. Four polysaccharide subfractions were isolated from each growth stage, including JACP-Et30, JACP-Et50, JACP-Et60, and JACP-Et70. JACP-Et30 from the four stages and JACP-Et50 from the initial three stages were identified as heteroglucans with β-1,3-d-Glcp and β-1,6-d-Glcp residues as main chains, respectively. However, other subfractions were considered as β-1,6-d-glucans containing minor glucuronic acid. These subfractions were predominantly replaced by Glcp residues at the O-3 and O-6 positions. Overall, while JACP exhibited variable physicochemical properties, its structural characteristics remained stable during the growth process, offering new insights into its potential applications in the food and medicinal industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Jin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province 330047, China
| | - Shi-Kang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province 330047, China
| | - Xin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province 330047, China
| | - Wei-Wei He
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province 330047, China
| | - Xiao-Xiao Song
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province 330047, China
| | - Xiao-Jun Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province 330047, China
| | - Jun-Yi Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province 330047, China
| | - Shao-Ping Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province 330047, China
- Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Luo He 462300 Henan, China
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Chen D, Li J, Gao Q, Kang Z, Chen H, Fu P. Structural characterization of polysaccharide fractions in areca (Areca catechu L.) inflorescence and study of its immunological enhancement activity in vitro and in vivo. Food Res Int 2023; 171:113006. [PMID: 37330846 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
To obtain the structure-function relationship of the polysaccharides derived from areca (Areca catechu L.) inflorescences in the aspect of its immunomodulatory ability, the plant-based polysaccharide was isolated and purified on column chromatography. The purity, primary structure and immune activity of four polysaccharide fractions (AFP, AFP1, AFP2 and AFP2a) were characterized comprehensively. The main chain of AFP2a was confirmed to be composed of → 3,6)-β-D-Galp-(1→, with branch chains linked to the O-3 position on the main chain. The immunomodulatory activity of the polysaccharides was evaluated using the RAW264.7 cells and immunosuppression mice model. It was observed that AFP2a enabled greater NO release (49.72 μmol/L) than other fractions, significantly promoted the phagocytic activity of macrophages, and improved splenocyte proliferation and T lymphocyte phenotype in mice. The present results may shine a light on a new research direction in immunoenhancers and provide a theoretical foundation for the development and application of areca inflorescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Chen
- Hainan University-HSF/LWL Collaborative Innovation Laboratory, School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Jin Li
- Hainan University-HSF/LWL Collaborative Innovation Laboratory, School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Qian Gao
- Huachuang Institute of Areca Research-Hainan, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Zonghua Kang
- Hunan Kouweiwang Group Co., Ltd, Yiyang 413499, China
| | - Haiming Chen
- Hainan University-HSF/LWL Collaborative Innovation Laboratory, School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, China; Huachuang Institute of Areca Research-Hainan, Haikou 570228, China.
| | - Pengcheng Fu
- Hainan University-HSF/LWL Collaborative Innovation Laboratory, School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China.
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4
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Zeng FS, Yao YF, Wang LF, Li WJ. Polysaccharides as antioxidants and prooxidants in managing the double-edged sword of reactive oxygen species. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 159:114221. [PMID: 36634589 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Polysaccharides, a class of naturally occurring carbohydrates, were widely presented in animals, plants, and microorganisms. Recently, health benefits of polysaccharides have attracted much attention due to their unique characteristics in reactive oxygen species (ROS) management. ROS, by-products of aerobic metabolism linked to food consumption, exhibited a dual role in protecting cells and fostering pathogenesis collectively termed double-edged sword. Some interesting studies reported that polysaccharides could behave as prooxidants under certain conditions, besides antioxidant capacities. Potentiation of the bright side of ROS could contribute to the host defense that was vitally important for the polysaccharides acting as biological response modifiers. Correspondingly, disease prevention of polysaccharides linked to the management of ROS production was systematically described and discussed in this review. Furthermore, major challenges and future prospects were presented, aiming to provide new insight into applying polysaccharides as functional food ingredients and medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan-Sen Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Yu-Fei Yao
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Le-Feng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China; Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Wen-Juan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China.
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5
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Xia W, Han J, Zhu S, Wang Y, Zhang W, Wu Z. Structural elucidation of the exopolysaccharide from Streptococcus thermophilus XJ53 and the effect of its molecular weight on immune activity. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 230:123177. [PMID: 36623615 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 01/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
EPS53, a homogeneous exopolysaccharide (EPS) was isolated from Streptococcus thermophiles XJ53 fermented in skimmed milk via anion exchange column chromatography. The relative molecular weight of EPS53 was above 6.7 × 105 g/mol; its repeating structural unit of EPS53 consisted of β-T-Galp, β-1,3-Galf, α-1,3-Glcp and β-1,3,6-Glcp residues in a molar ratio of 1:1:1:1, with β-T-Galp attached to the O-6 position of β-1,3,6-Glcp,identical to the EPS produced from S. thermophilus SFi39. EPS53-D, purified under similar conditions as EPS53 except for the deproteinization of trichloroacetic acid (TCA), had a lower molecular weight but the same repeating structural unit. The effects of EPS53 and EPS53-D on proliferation, phagocytosis and nitric oxide (NO) release of macrophage RAW264.7 were compared. EPS53 exhibited stronger immune activity than EPS53-D, suggesting that the molecular weight might have an important effect on the activity of EPS molecules. Treatment with TCA might affect the activities of native EPSs produced by fermentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology, Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Dairy Biotechnology, Dairy Research Institute, Bright Dairy & Food Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200436, PR China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China.
| | - Jin Han
- State Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology, Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Dairy Biotechnology, Dairy Research Institute, Bright Dairy & Food Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200436, PR China
| | - Shiming Zhu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China
| | - Yilin Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China
| | - Wenqing Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China
| | - Zhengjun Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology, Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Dairy Biotechnology, Dairy Research Institute, Bright Dairy & Food Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200436, PR China.
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Ahmad I, Arif M, Mimi X, Zhang J, Ding Y, Lyu F. Therapeutic values and nutraceutical properties of shiitake mushroom (Lentinula edodes): A review. Trends Food Sci Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2023.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
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7
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Wang D, He Z, Li Y, Wang N. Editorial: Immune regulatory functions of biologically active compounds from fungi. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1147777. [PMID: 36825004 PMCID: PMC9941748 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1147777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Di Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China,Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Edible and Medicinal Fungi, School of Plant Protection, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China,*Correspondence: Di Wang,
| | - Zhiheng He
- School of Medicine, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Yu Li
- Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Edible and Medicinal Fungi, School of Plant Protection, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Ning Wang
- School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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8
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Xu J, Xu D, Hu Q, Ma N, Pei F, Su A, Ma G. Immune regulatory functions of biologically active proteins from edible fungi. Front Immunol 2023; 13:1034545. [PMID: 36713368 PMCID: PMC9878603 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1034545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Proteins from edible mushrooms have a variety of biological activities. Here, thirteen precious edible mushrooms such as Ophiocordyceps sinensis, Ganoderma lucidum, and Morchella esculenta and nine common edible mushrooms such as Flammulina velutipes, Pleurotus ostreatus, and Pleurotus eryngii, etc., from which their proteins were extracted, their composition analyzed and their immunomodulatory activity assessed. Rare mushrooms are a species of edible mushrooms with higher edible value and medicinal value than common edible mushrooms. The results showed that all the different edible mushroom crude proteins increased the proliferation and phagocytosis of mouse macrophages, and we found that these edible mushroom proteins affected the secretion of reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide by mouse macrophages. Further studies on cytokines secreted by mouse macrophages showed a significant increase in pro-inflammatory cytokines, suggesting that edible mushroom proteins promote the polarisation of macrophages into classical M1-type macrophages, further demonstrating that edible mushroom proteins enhance immunity. It was also found that the immunomodulatory activity of the precious edible mushroom proteins was significantly higher than that of the common edible mushroom proteins. These results have important implications for the processing and product development of edible mushroom proteins.
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Zhang Z, Wu D, Li W, Chen W, Liu Y, Zhang J, Wan J, Yu H, Zhou S, Yang Y. Structural elucidation and anti-inflammatory activity of a proteoglycan from spent substrate of Lentinula edodes. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 224:1509-1523. [PMID: 36550792 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.10.239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
A proteoglycan LEPS1 was firstly isolated and purified from the spent substrate of Lentinula edodes, an agricultural waste that may cause environmental pollution. The average molecular weight of LEPS1 was 1.18 × 104 g/mol, and carbohydrate moiety (88.9 %) was composed of glucose, arabinose, galactose, xylose and mannose at a molar ratio of 1.2:1.2:1.0:2.3:1.1. The protein moiety (8.5 %) of LEPS1 was bonded to the polysaccharide chain via O-glycosidic linkage. LEPS1 could significantly improve the inflammatory injury of LPS stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages by inhibiting the secretion of NO and decreasing the levels of pro-inflammatory factors (TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6). LEPS1 inhibited JAK-STAT1 and p38 MAPK signaling pathway via modulating JAK expression, phosphorylation of STAT1 and phosphorylation of p38, respectively. Moreover, LEPS1 could promote the expression of CD 206 and IL-10 which were the markers for repairing macrophages. Overall, LEPS1 had anti-inflammatory activity and can potentially treat as a novel anti-inflammation agent. This work could provide scientific basis and valuable information for the highly efficient utilization of spent L. edodes substrates as the by-product in mushroom industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong Zhang
- Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Edible Fungi Resources and Utilization (South), Ministry of Agriculture, China, National Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi, Shanghai 201403, China
| | - Di Wu
- Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Edible Fungi Resources and Utilization (South), Ministry of Agriculture, China, National Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi, Shanghai 201403, China
| | - Wen Li
- Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Edible Fungi Resources and Utilization (South), Ministry of Agriculture, China, National Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi, Shanghai 201403, China
| | - Wanchao Chen
- Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Edible Fungi Resources and Utilization (South), Ministry of Agriculture, China, National Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi, Shanghai 201403, China
| | - Yanfang Liu
- Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Edible Fungi Resources and Utilization (South), Ministry of Agriculture, China, National Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi, Shanghai 201403, China
| | - Jingsong Zhang
- Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Edible Fungi Resources and Utilization (South), Ministry of Agriculture, China, National Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi, Shanghai 201403, China
| | - Jianing Wan
- Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Edible Fungi Resources and Utilization (South), Ministry of Agriculture, China, National Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi, Shanghai 201403, China
| | - Hailong Yu
- Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Edible Fungi Resources and Utilization (South), Ministry of Agriculture, China, National Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi, Shanghai 201403, China
| | - Shuai Zhou
- Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Edible Fungi Resources and Utilization (South), Ministry of Agriculture, China, National Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi, Shanghai 201403, China
| | - Yan Yang
- Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Edible Fungi Resources and Utilization (South), Ministry of Agriculture, China, National Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi, Shanghai 201403, China.
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The Effect of Novel Selenopolysaccharide Isolated from Lentinula edodes Mycelium on Human T Lymphocytes Activation, Proliferation, and Cytokines Synthesis. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12121900. [PMID: 36551328 PMCID: PMC9776057 DOI: 10.3390/biom12121900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Polysaccharides isolated from Lentinula edodes are bioactive compounds with immunomodulatory properties. In our previous studies from L. edodes mycelium, we have isolated a selenium(Se)-enriched fraction (named Se-Le-30), a mixture of linear 1,4-α-glucan and linear 1,3-β- and 1,6-β-glucans. In this study, we analyzed the effects of Se-Le-30 on the activation and proliferation of human T lymphocytes stimulated by anti-CD3 and anti-CD3/CD28 antibodies (Abs) and on the production of cytokines by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Se-Le-30 had effects on T cell proliferation induced by Abs against CD3 and CD28. It significantly inhibited the proliferation of CD3-stimulated CD4+ and CD8+ T cells and enhanced the proliferation of CD4+ T cells stimulated with anti-CD3/CD28 Ab. Moreover, Se-Le-30 downregulated the number of CD3-stimulated CD4+CD69+ cells, CD4+CD25+ cells, as well as CD8+CD25+ cells, and upregulated the expression of CD25 marker on CD4+ and CD8+ T cells activated with anti-CD3/CD28 Abs. Furthermore, Se-Le-30 enhanced the synthesis of IFN-γ by the unstimulated and anti-CD3/CD28-stimulated PBMCs, inhibited synthesis of IL-2 and IL-4 by CD3-stimulated cells, and augmented the synthesis of IL-6 and IL-10 by unstimulated, CD3-stimulated, and CD3/CD28-stimulated PBMCs. Together, we demonstrated that Se-Le-30 exerts immunomodulatory effects on human T lymphocytes. These observations are of importance for the prospective use of Se-Le-30 in research or as a therapeutic compound.
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Yuan Q, Liu W, Huang L, Wang L, Yu J, Wang Y, Wu D, Wang S. Quality evaluation of immunomodulatory polysaccharides from
Agaricus bisporus
by an integrated fingerprint technique. FOOD FRONTIERS 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/fft2.187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Qin Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences University of Macau Macao China
| | - Wen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences University of Macau Macao China
| | - Ling Huang
- Institute of Food Processing and Safety College of Food Science Sichuan Agricultural University Ya'an China
| | - Liju Wang
- Fujian Pien Tze Huang Enterprise Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Research and Development Zhangzhou Pien Tze Huang Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd Zhangzhou China
| | - Juan Yu
- Fujian Pien Tze Huang Enterprise Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Research and Development Zhangzhou Pien Tze Huang Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd Zhangzhou China
| | - Yitao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences University of Macau Macao China
| | - Ding‐Tao Wu
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sichuan Engineering & Technology Research Center of Coarse Cereal Industralization, School of Food and Biological Engineering Chengdu University Chengdu China
| | - Shengpeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences University of Macau Macao China
- Macau Centre for Research and Development in Chinese Medicine University of Macau Macao China
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12
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Li X, Li Z, Zhang X, Zeng Q, Huang X, Sheng L, Ahn DU, Cai Z. Restoration of immunity by whole egg was superior to egg white or egg yolk in a cyclophosphamide-induced immunocompromised mouse model. FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2022.102013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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13
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Feng H, Zhang L, Yang J, Li S, Tang F, Li H, Zhang X, Wu D, Feng Y, Liu Q, Liu Z. Enhancement of immune responses using ovalbumin-conjugated Eucommia ulmoides leaf polysaccharides encapsulated in a cubic liquid-crystalline phase delivery system. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2022; 102:6757-6770. [PMID: 35638143 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To improve the adjuvant activity of polysaccharides from Eucommia ulmoides leaves (PsEUL) in inducing an effective immune response against ovalbumin (OVA), PsEUL were conjugated to OVA using the N-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-N'-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC) method. The synthesized PsEUL-OVA was encapsulated using phytantriol and F127 to produce PsEUL-OVA cubosomes (Cubs), a novel delivery system. The physicochemical properties and immune modulation effects of this novel delivery system were explored. RESULTS In vitro, PsEUL-OVA/Cubs carrying large amounts of OVA were rapidly phagocytized by macrophages and upregulated macrophage proliferation, thereby stimulating cytokine production (interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-4). In vivo, PsEUL-OVA/Cubs increased the titer of OVA-specific antibodies (immunoglobulin (Ig)G, IgG2b, IgG2a and IgG1) and cytokine levels (IL-2, IL-6, IL-4 and interferon-γ). In addition, the cubosomes promoted the differentiation of CD8+ and CD4+ T cells in the spleen and the maturation of dendritic cells (DCs). These results indicated that PsEUL-OVA/Cubs stimulated both cellular and humoral immune responses by enhancing the phagocytic activity of DCs and macrophages and increasing the antigen presentation efficiency. CONCLUSION Collectively, the findings demonstrate that PsEUL-antigen/Cubs can be a useful delivery vehicle with immune response-promoting effects. Therefore, this study lays the foundation for the development of novel adjuvant-antigen delivery systems with potential applications in vaccine design. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haibo Feng
- College of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education and Sichuan Province for Qinghai - Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Chengdu, China
| | - Linzi Zhang
- College of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education and Sichuan Province for Qinghai - Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Chengdu, China
| | - Jie Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Sheng Li
- College of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education and Sichuan Province for Qinghai - Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Chengdu, China
| | - Feng Tang
- College of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education and Sichuan Province for Qinghai - Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Chengdu, China
| | - Hangyu Li
- College of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education and Sichuan Province for Qinghai - Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Chengdu, China
| | - Xinnan Zhang
- College of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education and Sichuan Province for Qinghai - Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Chengdu, China
| | - Daiyan Wu
- College of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education and Sichuan Province for Qinghai - Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Chengdu, China
| | - Yangyang Feng
- College of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education and Sichuan Province for Qinghai - Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Chengdu, China
| | - Qianqian Liu
- College of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education and Sichuan Province for Qinghai - Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Chengdu, China
| | - Ziwei Liu
- College of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education and Sichuan Province for Qinghai - Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Chengdu, China
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Zhu H, Xu L, Wang J, Zhang Z, Xu X, Yang K, Sun P, Liao X, Cai M. Rheological behaviors of ethanol-fractional polysaccharides from Dendrobium officinale in aqueous solution: Effects of concentration, temperature, pH, and metal ions. Food Hydrocoll 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2022.108311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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15
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Chemical structure, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of two novel pectin polysaccharides from purple passion fruit (Passiflora edulia Sims) peel. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.133309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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16
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Carboxymethylation of Desmodium styracifolium Polysaccharide and Its Repair Effect on Damaged HK-2 Cells. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:2082263. [PMID: 35993017 PMCID: PMC9391130 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2082263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Objective Desmodium styracifolium is the best traditional medicine for treating kidney calculi in China. This study is aimed at increasing the carboxyl (-COOH) content of D. styracifolium polysaccharide (DSP0) and further increasing its antistone activity. Methods DSP0 was carboxymethylated with chloroacetic acid at varying degrees. Then, oxalate-damaged HK-2 cells were repaired with modified polysaccharide, and the changes in biochemical indices before and after repair were detected. Results Three modified polysaccharides with 7.45% (CDSP1), 12.2% (CDSP2), and 17.7% (CDSP3) -COOH are obtained. Compared with DSP0 (-COOH content = 1.17%), CDSPs have stronger antioxidant activity in vitro and can improve the vitality of damaged HK-2 cells. CDSPs repair the cell morphology and cytoskeleton, increase the cell healing ability, reduce reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide levels, increase mitochondrial membrane potential, limit autophagy level to a low level, reduce the eversion of phosphatidylserine in the cell membrane, weaken the inhibition of oxalate on DNA synthesis, restore cell cycle to normal state, promote cell proliferation, and reduce apoptosis/necrosis. Conclusion The carboxymethylation modification of DSP0 can improve its antioxidant activity and enhance its ability to repair damaged HK-2 cells. Among them, CDSP2 with medium -COOH content has the highest activity of repairing cells, whereas CDSP3 with the highest -COOH content has the highest antioxidant activity. This difference may be related to the active environment of polysaccharide and conformation of the polysaccharide and cell signal pathway. This result suggests that Desmodium styracifolium polysaccharide with increased -COOH content may have improved potential treatment and prevention of kidney calculi.
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17
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Roszczyk A, Turło J, Zagożdżon R, Kaleta B. Immunomodulatory Properties of Polysaccharides from Lentinula edodes. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23168980. [PMID: 36012249 PMCID: PMC9409024 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23168980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Lentinula edodes (Berk.) Pegler, also known as shiitake mushroom, is a popular edible macrofungus and a source of numerous bioactive substances with multiple beneficial health effects. L. edodes-derived polysaccharides are the most valuable compounds, with anticancer, antioxidant, antimicrobial, and immunomodulatory properties. It has been demonstrated that their biological activity depends on the extraction method, which affects monosaccharide composition, molecular weight, branching degrees, and helical conformation. In this review, we discuss the immunomodulatory properties of various polysaccharides from L. edodes in animal models and in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksander Roszczyk
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Medical University of Warsaw, Nowogrodzka 59, 02-006 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jadwiga Turło
- Department of Drug Technology and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Radosław Zagożdżon
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Medical University of Warsaw, Nowogrodzka 59, 02-006 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Beata Kaleta
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Medical University of Warsaw, Nowogrodzka 59, 02-006 Warsaw, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-600301690
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18
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Li Z, Li X, Cai Z, Jin G, Ahn DU, Huang X. Immunomodulatory Effects of Chicken Soups Prepared with the Native Cage-free Chickens and the Commercial Caged Broilers. Poult Sci 2022; 101:102053. [PMID: 35986946 PMCID: PMC9411684 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2022.102053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to compare the immunomodulatory effects of the chicken soups prepared with the native free-range chickens and the commercial caged broilers in the immunosuppressive mice. The immunosuppressive mice model was established by the intraperitoneal injection of 100 mg of cyclophosphamide (CTX) per kg body weight. The powders of Gushi Chicken Soup (GCS), Honglashan Chicken Soup (HCS), and Cobb Broiler Soup (CBS) were prepared by high-pressure stewing followed by spray drying. The chicken soups' nutrient content and the effects of three chicken soups on the body weight, organ index, blood index, and serum cytokine and immunoglobulin contents in the immunosuppressive mice were determined. The three chicken soups promoted the recovery of immunosuppressive mice, but the expression mechanisms were different. The GCS was more effective than the HCS and CBS in restoring blood index, promoting cytokine secretion, and increasing immunoglobulin content (P < 0.05). The HCS stimulated the Th1-type immune response and promoted immunoglobulin secretion (P < 0.05), while the CBS increased the production of CD4+ and promoted the T-cell functions better than other soups (P < 0.05). Although soups from the native free-range chickens and the commercial caged broilers showed distinctly different mechanisms in promoting immunity, both could be used as potential immunomodulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuyue Li
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Ministry of Education, National Research and Development Center for Egg Processing, College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China
| | - Xiaomeng Li
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Ministry of Education, National Research and Development Center for Egg Processing, College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China
| | - Zhaoxia Cai
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Ministry of Education, National Research and Development Center for Egg Processing, College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China
| | - Guofeng Jin
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Ministry of Education, National Research and Development Center for Egg Processing, College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China
| | - Dong Uk Ahn
- Animal Science Department, Iowa State University, Ames, USA
| | - Xi Huang
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Ministry of Education, National Research and Development Center for Egg Processing, College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China.
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Yang M, Tao L, Kang XR, Li LF, Zhao CC, Wang ZL, Sheng J, Tian Y. Recent developments in Moringa oleifera Lam. polysaccharides: A review of the relationship between extraction methods, structural characteristics and functional activities. Food Chem X 2022; 14:100322. [PMID: 35571331 PMCID: PMC9092490 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2022.100322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Moringa oleifera Lam. (M. oleifera Lam) is a perennial tropical deciduous tree that belongs to the Moringaceae family. Polysaccharides are one of the major bioactive compounds in M. oleifera Lam and show immunomodulatory, anticancer, antioxidant, intestinal health protection and antidiabetic activities. At present, the structure and functional activities of M. oleifera Lam polysaccharides (MOPs) have been widespread, but the research data are relatively scattered. Moreover, the relationship between the structure and biological activities of MOPs has not been summarized. In this review, the current research on the extraction, purification, structural characteristics and biological activities of polysaccharides from different sources of M. oleifera Lam were summarized, and the structural characteristics of purified polysaccharides were focused on this review. Meanwhile, the biological activities of MOPs were introduced, and some molecular mechanisms were listed. In addition, the relationship between the structure and biological activities of MOPs was discussed. Furthermore, new perspectives and some future research of M. oleifera Lam polysaccharides were proposed in this review.
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Key Words
- ABTS, 2,2′-Azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)
- AKP, Alkaline phosphatase
- ALT, Alanine aminotransferase
- AST, Asparate aminotransferase
- Ara, Arabinose
- BUN, Blood urea nitrogen
- Bax, Bcl2-associated X protein
- Bcl-2, B-cell lymphoma
- Biological activities
- CCl4, Carbon tetrachloride
- COX-2, Cyclooxygenase-2
- Caspase-3, Cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase 3
- Caspase-9, Cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase 9
- DPPH, 2.2-diphenyl-picryl-hydrazyl radical
- EAE, Enzyme-assisted extraction
- FRAP, Ferric ion reducing antioxidant power
- FTIR, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy
- Future trends
- GC, Gas chromatography
- GC–MS, Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry
- GSH-Px, Glutathione peroxidase
- Gal, Galactose
- Glc, Glucose
- HDL, High-density Lipoprotein
- HPGPC, High-performance gel permeation chromatography
- HPLC, High performance liquid chromatography
- HepG2, Human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line
- IL-10, Interleukin-10
- IL-1β, Interleukin 1β
- IL-2, Interleukin-2
- IL-6, Interleukin-6
- LDL, Low-density Lipoprotein
- LPS, Lipopolysaccharide
- M. oleifera Lam, Moringa oleifera Lam.
- MAE, Microwave-assisted extraction
- MDA, Malondialdehyde
- MOPs, Moringa oleifera Lam polysaccharides
- MS, Mass spectrometry
- MTT, 3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyl tetrazolium bromide
- MW, Molecular weight
- Man, Mannose
- Moringa oleifera Lam
- NF-κB, Nuclear factor kappa-B
- NK, Natural killer cell
- NMR, Nuclear magnetic resonance
- NO, Nitric oxide
- PLE, Pressurized liquid extraction
- Polysaccharides
- ROS, Reactive oxygen species
- Rha, Rhamnose
- SCFAs, Short-chain fatty acids
- SOD, Superoxide dismutase
- Structure characteristics
- Structure-biological relationship
- TC, Total Cholesterol
- TG, Triglycerides
- TNF-α, Tumour necrosis factor-α
- TOF, Time of flight
- UAE, Ultrasound-assisted extraction
- V/C, Ileum crypt and villus length
- WAE, Water-assisted extraction
- Xyl, Xylose
- iNOS, Inducible nitric oxide synthase
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Yang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China.,National Research and Development Professional Center for Moringa Processing Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China.,Engineering Research Center of Development and Utilization of Food and Drug Homologous Resources, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Liang Tao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China.,National Research and Development Professional Center for Moringa Processing Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China.,Engineering Research Center of Development and Utilization of Food and Drug Homologous Resources, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Xin-Rui Kang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China.,Yunnan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Edible and Medicinal Homologous Functional Food, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Ling-Fei Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China.,Yunnan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Edible and Medicinal Homologous Functional Food, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Cun-Chao Zhao
- Engineering Research Center of Development and Utilization of Food and Drug Homologous Resources, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China.,Yunnan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Edible and Medicinal Homologous Functional Food, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Zi-Lin Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China.,National Research and Development Professional Center for Moringa Processing Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Jun Sheng
- National Research and Development Professional Center for Moringa Processing Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China.,Key Laboratory of Pu-er Tea Science, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Yang Tian
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China.,National Research and Development Professional Center for Moringa Processing Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China.,Engineering Research Center of Development and Utilization of Food and Drug Homologous Resources, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China.,Yunnan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Edible and Medicinal Homologous Functional Food, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
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20
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Lin T, Zhou Z, Xing C, Zhou J, Fan G, Xie C. Effect of color protection treatment on the browning and enzyme activity of
Lentinus edodes
during processing. FOOD SCIENCE & NUTRITION 2022; 10:2989-2998. [PMID: 36171772 PMCID: PMC9469847 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Revised: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Fresh Lentinus edodes (L. edodes) are prone to browning (including enzymatic and nonenzymatic browning), which affects their quality and leads to economic losses during later processing. This study explored various effective color protection methods (color protection reagent and/or blanching) for inhibiting the browning of L. edodes. First, a single‐factor experiment and a response surface method were used to optimize the concentration of the color retention reagent. The compound color retention reagent (comprising 0.1% phytic acid, 0.8% sodium citrate, and 0.5% d‐sodium erythorbate) had the smallest total color difference (ΔE) value, suggesting that the compound color reagent had a better inhibiting effect than the single agent. Following this, the blanching conditions were studied; the polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activity was the lowest when the blanching temperature was 90°C and blanching time 180 s, indicating that browning is likely to be minimal. Finally, comparing the oxidase activity and total color difference (ΔE) revealed that combining the two color protection methods inhibits browning better than using a single method (color protection reagent or blanching). In addition, the polysaccharide and vitamin C (VC) contents of L. edodes under optimal color protection conditions were determined, which were 0.96 and 2.54 g/100 g fresh weight (FW), respectively. The results demonstrated that this color protection method effectively inhibits browning, reduces the nutritional loss, and improves the quality of L. edodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Lin
- College of Life Science Langfang Normal University Langfang China
- Technical Innovation Center for Utilization of Edible and Medicinal Fungi in Hebei Province Langfang China
- Edible and Medicinal Fungi Research and Development Center of Hebei Universities Langfang China
| | - Zhiguo Zhou
- College of Life Science Langfang Normal University Langfang China
- Technical Innovation Center for Utilization of Edible and Medicinal Fungi in Hebei Province Langfang China
- Edible and Medicinal Fungi Research and Development Center of Hebei Universities Langfang China
| | - Chunmiao Xing
- College of Life Science Langfang Normal University Langfang China
| | - Jiahui Zhou
- College of Life Science Langfang Normal University Langfang China
| | - Gongjian Fan
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering Nanjing Forestry University Nanjing China
| | - Chunyan Xie
- College of Life Science Langfang Normal University Langfang China
- Technical Innovation Center for Utilization of Edible and Medicinal Fungi in Hebei Province Langfang China
- Edible and Medicinal Fungi Research and Development Center of Hebei Universities Langfang China
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21
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Dedhia N, Marathe SJ, Singhal RS. Food polysaccharides: A review on emerging microbial sources, bioactivities, nanoformulations and safety considerations. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 287:119355. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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22
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Lentinan Impairs the Early Development of Zebrafish Embryos, Possibly by Disrupting Glucose and Lipid Metabolism. Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10010120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
LNT is the major biologically active substance extracted from Lentinus edodes (L. edodes). Although functional and pharmacological studies have demonstrated that LNT has multiple benefits for animals and humans, the safety assessment is far from sufficient. To evaluate the potential safety risk, larval zebrafish were continuously exposed to varying concentrations of LNT for 120 h. The 96 h LC50 of LNT was determined to be 1228 μg/mL, and morphological defects including short body length, reduced eye and swim bladder sizes and yolk sac edema were observed. In addition, LNT exposure significantly reduced the blood flow velocity and locomotor activity of larval zebrafish. The biochemical parameters were also affected, showing reduced glucose, triglyceride and cholesterol levels in zebrafish larvae after being exposed to LNT. Correspondingly, the genes involved in glucose and lipid metabolism were disrupted. In conclusion, the present study demonstrates the adverse potential of high concentrations of LNT on the development of zebrafish larvae in the early life stage.
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23
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Liu J, Chen J, Liu X, Shao W, Mei X, Tang Z, Cao X. Binding mechanism of lipase with Lentinus edodes mycelia polysaccharide by multi-spectroscopic methods. J Mol Recognit 2021; 35:e2946. [PMID: 34918387 DOI: 10.1002/jmr.2946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
It is an effective strategy to avoid obesity by inhibiting the activity of lipase. In this study, the binding mechanism of lipase and Lentinus edodes mycelia polysaccharide (LMP) were explored with multi-spectral methods, for example, three-dimensional (3D) fluorescence, Fourier-transformed infrared (FT-IR), and Raman spectra. At 290 K, the binding constant was 2.44 × 105 L/mol, there was only one binding site between LMP and lipase. Static quenching was the quenching mechanism. The major forces were hydrogen bonding and van der Waals force. The binding of LMP to lipase impacted the microenvironment around tyrosine and tryptophan residues. The polarity around these residues was decreased and hydrophobicity was enhanced. This study not only revealed the binding mechanism of LMP on lipase but also provided scientific evidence for expanding the application of LMP in functional food industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianli Liu
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of life Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jiahe Chen
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of life Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiangyang Liu
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of life Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang, China
| | - Wei Shao
- Biology Subject teaching, College of Life Science and Technology, Mudanjiang Normal University, Mudanjiang, China
| | - Xueying Mei
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of life Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhipeng Tang
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of life Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiangyu Cao
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of life Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang, China
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24
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Su X, Zhao M, Fu X, Ma X, Xu W, Hu S. Immunomodulatory activity of purified polysaccharides from Rubus chingii Hu fruits in lymphocytes and its molecular mechanisms. J Funct Foods 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2021.104785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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25
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Feng H, Yang J, Zhi H, Hu X, Yang Y, Zhang L, Liu Q, Feng Y, Wu D, Li H. Eucommia ulmoides Leaf Polysaccharide in Conjugation with Ovalbumin Act as Delivery System Can Improve Immune Response. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13091384. [PMID: 34575460 PMCID: PMC8471226 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13091384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
In this investigation, to maximize the desired immunoenhancement effects of PsEUL and stimulate an efficient humoral and cellular immune response against an antigen, PsEUL and the model antigen ovalbumin (OVA) were coupled using the N-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-N′-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC) reaction to yield a novel delivery system (PsEUL-OVA). The physicochemical characteristics and immune regulation effects of this new system were investigated. We found the yield of this EDC method to be 46.25%. In vitro, PsEUL-OVA (200 μg mL−1) could enhance macrophage proliferation and increase their phagocytic efficiency. In vivo, PsEUL-OVA could significantly increase the levels of OVA-specific antibody (IgG, IgG1, IgG2a, and IgG2b) titers and cytokine (IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IFN-γ) levels. Additionally, it could activate T lymphocytes and facilitate the maturation of dendritic cells (DCs). These findings collectively suggested that PsEUL-OVA induced humoral and cellular immune responses by promoting the phagocytic activity of macrophages and DCs. Taken together, these results revealed that PsEUL-OVA had the potential to improve immune responses and provide a promising theoretical basis for the design of a novel delivery system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haibo Feng
- College of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China; (L.Z.); (Q.L.); (Y.F.); (D.W.); (H.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education and Sichuan Province for Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Chengdu 610041, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +86-28-85522310
| | - Jie Yang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 402460, China; (J.Y.); (H.Z.); (X.H.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Hui Zhi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 402460, China; (J.Y.); (H.Z.); (X.H.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Xin Hu
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 402460, China; (J.Y.); (H.Z.); (X.H.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Yan Yang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 402460, China; (J.Y.); (H.Z.); (X.H.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Linzi Zhang
- College of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China; (L.Z.); (Q.L.); (Y.F.); (D.W.); (H.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education and Sichuan Province for Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Qianqian Liu
- College of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China; (L.Z.); (Q.L.); (Y.F.); (D.W.); (H.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education and Sichuan Province for Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yangyang Feng
- College of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China; (L.Z.); (Q.L.); (Y.F.); (D.W.); (H.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education and Sichuan Province for Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Daiyan Wu
- College of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China; (L.Z.); (Q.L.); (Y.F.); (D.W.); (H.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education and Sichuan Province for Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Hangyu Li
- College of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China; (L.Z.); (Q.L.); (Y.F.); (D.W.); (H.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education and Sichuan Province for Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Chengdu 610041, China
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26
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Niego AG, Rapior S, Thongklang N, Raspé O, Jaidee W, Lumyong S, Hyde KD. Macrofungi as a Nutraceutical Source: Promising Bioactive Compounds and Market Value. J Fungi (Basel) 2021; 7:397. [PMID: 34069721 PMCID: PMC8161071 DOI: 10.3390/jof7050397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrofungi production and economic value have been increasing globally. The demand for macrofungi has expanded rapidly owing to their popularity among consumers, pleasant taste, and unique flavors. The presence of high quality proteins, polysaccharides, unsaturated fatty acids, minerals, triterpene sterols, and secondary metabolites makes macrofungi an important commodity. Macrofungi are well known for their ability to protect from or cure various health problems, such as immunodeficiency, cancer, inflammation, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, hypercholesterolemia, and obesity. Many studies have demonstrated their medicinal properties, supported by both in vivo and in vitro experimental studies, as well as clinical trials. Numerous bioactive compounds isolated from mushrooms, such as polysaccharides, proteins, fats, phenolic compounds, and vitamins, possess strong bioactivities. Consequently, they can be considered as an important source of nutraceuticals. Numerous edible mushrooms have been studied for their bioactivities, but only a few species have made it to the market. Many species remain to be explored. The converging trends and popularity of eastern herbal medicines, natural/organic food product preference, gut-healthy products, and positive outlook towards sports nutrition are supporting the growth in the medicinal mushroom market. The consumption of medicinal mushrooms as functional food or dietary supplement is expected to markedly increase in the future. The global medicinal mushroom market size is projected to increase by USD 13.88 billion from 2018 to 2022. The global market values of promising bioactive compounds, such as lentinan and lovastatin, are also expected to rise. With such a market growth, mushroom nutraceuticals hold to be very promising in the years to come.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allen Grace Niego
- Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand; (A.G.N.); (N.T.); (O.R.)
- School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand
- Iloilo Science and Technology University, La Paz, Iloilo 5000, Philippines
| | - Sylvie Rapior
- Laboratory of Botany, Phytochemistry and Mycology, Faculty of Pharmacy, CEFE, CNRS, University Montpellier, EPHE, IRD, CS 14491, 15 Avenue Charles Flahault, CEDEX 5, 34093 Montpellier, France;
| | - Naritsada Thongklang
- Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand; (A.G.N.); (N.T.); (O.R.)
- School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand
| | - Olivier Raspé
- Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand; (A.G.N.); (N.T.); (O.R.)
- School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand
| | - Wuttichai Jaidee
- Medicinal Plants Innovation Center, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand;
| | - Saisamorn Lumyong
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand;
- Research Center of Microbial Diversity and Sustainable Utilization, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Academy of Science, The Royal Society of Thailand, Bangkok 10300, Thailand
| | - Kevin D. Hyde
- Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand; (A.G.N.); (N.T.); (O.R.)
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand;
- Innovative Institute of Plant Health, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510408, China
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Sheng K, Wang C, Chen B, Kang M, Wang M, Liu K, Wang M. Recent advances in polysaccharides from Lentinus edodes (Berk.): Isolation, structures and bioactivities. Food Chem 2021; 358:129883. [PMID: 33940295 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.129883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Lentinus edodes, an important edible mushroom cultivated in East Asia for thousands of years, has been widely used as food and medicinal ingredient worldwide. Modern phytochemistry studies have demonstrated that L. edodes is very rich in bioactive polysaccharides, especially the β-glucans. Over the past two decades, the isolation, chemical properties, and bioactivities of polysaccharides from fruiting bodies, mycelium and fermentation broth of L. edodes have been drawing much attention from scholars around the world. It has been demonstrated that L. edodes polysaccharides possess various remarkable biological activities, including anti-oxidant, anti-tumor, anti-aging, anti-inflammation, immunomodulatory, antiviral, and hepatoprotection effects. This review summarizes the recent development of polysaccharides from L. edodes including the isolation methods, structural features, bioactivities and mechanisms, and their structure-activity relationship, which can provide useful research underpinnings and update information for their further application as therapeutic agents and functional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kangjia Sheng
- College of Food Science & Engineering, Northwest University, No. 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China; Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, College of Life Science, Northwest University, No. 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China
| | - Cuiling Wang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, College of Life Science, Northwest University, No. 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China
| | - Bitao Chen
- College of Food Science & Engineering, Northwest University, No. 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China
| | - Meijuan Kang
- Library of Xi'an Shiyou University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710065, China
| | - Minchang Wang
- Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710065, China
| | - Ke Liu
- Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710065, China
| | - Ming Wang
- College of Food Science & Engineering, Northwest University, No. 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China.
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28
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Wang YX, Zhang T, Xin Y, Huang XJ, Yin JY, Nie SP. Comprehensive evaluation of alkali-extracted polysaccharides from Agrocybe cylindracea: Comparison on structural characterization. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 255:117502. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.117502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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29
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Biologically active polysaccharide from edible mushrooms: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 172:408-417. [PMID: 33465360 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.01.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Mushrooms are renewable natural gift for humankind, furnished with unique taste, flavor and medicinal properties. For the last few decades study of mushroom polysaccharides has become a matter of great interest to the researchers for their immunomodulating, antimicrobial, antioxidant, anticancer, and antitumor properties. Molecular mass, branching configuration, conformation of polysaccharides and chemical modification are the major factors influencing their biological activities. The mechanism of action of mushroom polysaccharides is to stimulate T-cells, B-cells, natural killer cells, and macrophage dependent immune responses via binding to receptors like the toll-like receptor-2, dectin-1. The present review offers summarized and significant information about the structural and biological properties of mushroom polysaccharides, and their potential for development of therapeutic materials.
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30
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Zhang X, Duan S, Tao S, Huang J, Liu C, Xing S, Ren Z, Lei Z, Li Y, Wei G. Polysaccharides from Dendrobium officinale inhibit proliferation of osteosarcoma cells and enhance cisplatin-induced apoptosis. J Funct Foods 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2020.104143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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31
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Li H, Xie W, Sun H, Cao K, Yang X. Effect of the structural characterization of the fungal polysaccharides on their immunomodulatory activity. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 164:3603-3610. [PMID: 32860795 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.08.189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The immunomodulatory effects of the four extracellular polysaccharides, namely WPA, WPB, AP2A, and TP1A, which were isolated from the fermented broth of Aspergillus aculeatus, A. terreus and Trichoderma sp. KK19L1, were investigated in vitro. WPA, WPB, AP2A, and TP1A were not toxic to RAW264.7 cells. These polysaccharides enhanced cell viability. WPA, WPB, AP2A, and TP1A showed increased immunomodulatory effect by strengthening the phagocytic activity and enhancing the release of NO, TNF-α and IL-6 from RAW264.7 cells. WPA, WPB, AP2A, and TP1A exhibited different immunomodulatory activity in vitro due to their different structural characterizations, and their immunoregulatory effects decreased successively in the following order: WPA, WPB, AP2A, and TP1A. The extracellular polysaccharides WPA, WPB, AP2A, and TP1A had potent immunomodulatory effects and could be used as potential immunomodulatory agents in the fields of functional food and medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Li
- College of Marine Science and Biological Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Shandong, Qingdao 266042, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Shandong, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Wancui Xie
- College of Marine Science and Biological Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Shandong, Qingdao 266042, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Shandong, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Haihong Sun
- Qingdao Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shandong, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Kewei Cao
- College of Electromechanical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Shandong, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Xihong Yang
- College of Marine Science and Biological Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Shandong, Qingdao 266042, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Shandong, Qingdao 266042, China.
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32
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Tang W, Liu C, Liu J, Hu L, Huang Y, Yuan L, Liu F, Pan S, Chen S, Bian S, Huang X, Yin J, Nie S. Purification of polysaccharide from Lentinus edodes water extract by membrane separation and its chemical composition and structure characterization. Food Hydrocoll 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2020.105851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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